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Vol. VI No. 14 87 boycotters jailed, released December 14,1973 . MAJOR DETROIT CHAIN REMOVES GRAPES Judge throws out picket restrict ions

DETROIT-- In a stunning series The A & P and Farmer Jack's of events over the three-day per- . injunctions had limited pickets iod in early December, the mass to only 2 within 50 feet of the store arrest of 87 UFWA boycotters has and none in the parking lot. Pick­ led to the overturning of an ex­ eters were not allowed to mention tremely restrictive anti~boycott the name of the store in leaflets, injunction and the sudden capitu­ signs, or even in conversation lation by Detroit's largest groce­ with potential customers. ry chain to the New Grape Boycott. The new injunction allows 8 The agreement by the 86 stores picketers on the sidewalk or in of the Farmer Jack chain to re­ the parking lot and re- established move all scab grapes by January the right of the picketers to use 1 climaxed an intense boycott the name eft the store. campaign directed by UFWA Ex­ ecutive Board member and Detroit boycott director Richard Chavez, more than two dozen farm wor­ Maddock said the terms of the kers and Union volunteers. The new injunction were favorable to store already carried UFWA let­ the boycott effort because they al­ Polire prepared to enforce injunction at a Safeway store in California. Cris Sanchez tuce. lowed picketers access to the "A & P can't last long now," parking lots~rather than sharing exclaim<;>d staff organizer Ben them with ottler stores. 1addock, ref~rrin~ tn DAtrait's "We had been treme:lrlously at::i Dli~or ..:,'a1n do. '", the la:' effprtivp at r;'armer Jad"s with gest :n thp East..!rn U • only d. couple of pitkets," hI' said "~\ ith pight, they must have known that we couldn't be stopped from shutting them down." The capitulation of Farmer Favorable court action Jack's in Detroit can be added to an ever-growing list of chain su­ Farmer Jack's capitulation fol-. permarkets and independent lowed a ruling by a DetroitJudge stores which are now clean of William P. Hampton in which he scab grapes and lettuce, Else­ threw out his own court ('rder of Where, more than four hundred November 27 which severely lim­ stores in a dozen New York chains ited picketing at A & P stores, are clean, as are 135 independent an order similar to one Farmer stores in Washington, D.C. area. Jack's ha1 obtained ten days ear­ lier. Injunction: The jUdge's reversal of his own order followed the arrest and New supermarket weapon jailing of 87 boycotters at three The use of injunctions by su­ different A & P's in the Detroit permarket corporations to fight area on Saturday, December 1, on the boycott represents a danger­ charges of violating Hampton's ous new trend in the boycott fight, first order. according to UFW General Counsel Jerry Cohen. The 87 were released on their "There have been more injunc­ own 'recognizance and charges tions against us in the first three Dr. Jorge Prieto, staff doctor for UFWA's clinic program, arrested at supermarket boycott will be dropped. moaths of this boycott than there picket line in Chicago. JUdge Hampton authorized the were during the entire 1967-70 release of 17 nuns and priests who boycott," he said. had beert arrested, before he or­ • f Cohen listed Massachusetts, dered the others. The clerics re­ New York, New Jersey, Wiscon­ fused to leave, however, because, sin, Illinois, Missouri, Ohio, Tex­ they said, the arrests were ille­ as, Iowa, California and Arizona gal and all should be released at as other states where boycotters j f P"3 once. are fighting supermarket injunc­ tions. Hampton told them he would The attempt to use injunctions have the police throw them out if to break the boycott picket line TEAMSTER :MEMBERS REBEL". they didn't leave, sothey departed recalls similar efforts by Calif­ . FITZSIMMONS ON THE RUJi"... ·~ ...~ p.1 peacefully. ornia growers this past summer • ~ ~# Organizer Maddock attributed to break farm wo:-ker picket lines r Hampton's decision to loosen pic­ through court orders limiting ket restrictions to the willingness picketing at the fields. F RMBUREAU CONVENTION.... "" . p.tO - of so many people to defy his or­ The boycott victory in Detroit der and to the solidarity expres­ touched off by a mass arrest sug­ sed by the church people in refus­ gests that boycott injunctions can ing special treatment. also be defeated when thousands p.n "He was visibly shaken," said of dedicated boycotters unite to Maddock. fight them. LA PAZ, Administrative of­ Xerox copier, how to form a let­ fices:-- If only the men will stop ter and do reception work in gen­ Even a man can do it thinking that it's a woman's work, eral. they can do it themselves."says Her work as Huerta's assistant Lorenza (Lorraine) Nunez 23 will include doing intake, filling of Coachella, who spent two weeks out forms and doing the daily under the supervision of Avelina activity report and generally Corriel-Director of the Work overseeing the office in the Department, learning the me­ absence of Huerta. Ms. Nunez chanics of running an office ef­ says she would like to see more ficiently. farm workers take an interest With no previous clerical in running the offices. She feels experience, Lorraine volunteer­ that a lot of young farm workers ed to assist Maximo Huerta, have no idea what their poten­ Head of the Coachella Centros tials are, "including males.>P Campesinos (National Farm With a sixth-grade past, she Workers Service Center) "A views her training as an exciting lot of the members would get scholastic experience. She says angry with Max, becau~e he was it is a means to "give better seldom in the office. He had care to farm workers in the Cen­ to take them to different agen­ tros Campesinos." She received cies and I knew he needed some­ a pair of jade ear-rings and _ one to take care of the office matching necklace as a grad­ while he was gone /' she says. uation and solidarity gift by the From picking Italian squash other trainees and staff. in the fields, she was referred Those interested in assisting to La Paz for training. Ms. with the Centros Campesinos, Nunez learned to file, type, are urged to contact either their "Would you believe I can type local office or write to Pat with 10 fingers, H how to run Halloran- Centro Campesino- the mi meograph machine and the P.O. Box 48, Keene, Ca.93531. Work continues at burned Arizona UFWA office Lorenza Nunez learned that where there's a will there's a training session, Bail money sought in D8Jno Ul ....OJ U Frame-up in farm worker arson case? o o.c Once again it has been shown the grounds of insufficient evi­ Co that it is the growers who dictate dence.o The demonstration was organized the terms of justice in the Delano The case was refiled, presum­ by Daniel Castro, a friend of the area. Three Delano area farm ably at the request of Jack Pan­ accused. - workers, Juan Montalvo, Antonio dal. The defendants were rear­ The picketers attenaea we Sandoval and Juan Cervantes rested under the same charges of hearings as defense attorneyRo­ were arrested and have been now attempted arson, but at the time bert Y. Bell tried to demonstrate placed in custody on charges of of their second arrest they were that the defendants were finan­ attempted arson at the Jack Pan­ not told the charges. cially incapable of raising thE' re­ dol grape vineyards. This is their At a recent hearing at the quested sum. second arrest. Kern County Administration and The three were first arrested Court building in Bakersfield, the Two of the defendants, Sandoval in early August. It is alleged defendants tr.ied to have the and Cervantes, are teenagers and that the arrests were made near amount of bail reduced from live with large families that they the vineyards. Another farm wor­ $7,500 to $1,000. Before the hear­ help support. Montalvo is mar­ ker, Juan Arviso, accused them. ing about 45 friends and relatives ried and his wife is unemployed. When the case was brought to of the defendants picketed the When McNutt questioned a defen­ court, Arviso refused to testify, building chanting "WE WANT dant as to his property, Bell ob­ and the case was thrown out on JUSTICE", "JUSTICE FOR FARM jected . successfully on the Oscar Mundragon attends to members_ WORKERS" and "SI SE PUEDE~' grounds that "obviously poor SAN LUIS, Arizona--The UFWA people'" cannot be compelled to office suffered $5,000 damages There is no harried effort to demonstrate ownership of prop­ when fire broke out on the night get work done, but it tediously erty as grounds of ability to pay of Nov. 16, around midnight. and steadily gets done. Leaflets bail. Investigators said the fire was get distributed, questions get an­ JUdge William A. Stone set the set off by faulty wiring. Oscar swered and the Union continues bail at $2.500. The friends ofthe Mondragon, office director said to get the job done with little or accused are going to try to raise the building which is all brick no resources•. the bail- money, and Daniel Cas­ was built 3 years ago, and the tro is going to coordinate the ef­ Wiring is also new. He said fort. there is evidence that gasoline IL ••'(11'" Judge Stone then asked for a was sprinkled on the cooler which • sits outside the back of the build­ .. plea. Bell replied, "not guilty" h111IIIIled ...., cwo -etl .1 die • but added that he planned to have ing. omctal ".. 0( \he: the case thrown out, as the refil­ Mondragon, a patient, methodi­ ~11ED fARM WQIUCEAS ling of the case constituted "un­ cal young man unhurriedly gues AFL-QO lawful harrassment" of the de­ about the task of running a union • fendants. Stone then set Dec. 6as office and enforcing the existing La Pa -P.o.-.,. 62 the date for preliminary hearings Inter Harvest lettuce contract, IC_. CaUl.... 93S3I in spite of lacking the necessary Bell requested that Arviso be • . essential!:, such as light, heat and "- ~(lI"der1~ compelled to testify at the hear­ a telephone, all lost in the fire. 8 ... cner of 50 ~d 0Illy $5.00 ing and was granted that request It gets dark after 6 p.m. when Pie... lpecUy over the objection of the prose­ the workers arrive from work. s,aNIh or EftIIIah ~ cution. Not one to be blocked by time There is speculation that the and its inconveniences, Mon­ three defendants were falsely ac­ dragon sets a chair outside to re­ cused, and that Arviso was hired ceive dues by the lite of the by the growers to make the farm fading dusk. Dusk fades into workers and La Causa look bad. nignt and he turns on the head- Robert Bell and Daniel Castro after court proceeding. Bell intends to pursue this line of lites of a members car to con- questioning when he cross-ex­ tinue filling out forms and re- amines Arviso• ceipts. • 2 F.L r1ALCKIADO OecefTlber 14, 1973 Farm worker jobs threatened New proposal for "Bracero" slave labor ~ _....:.~ ..- ---- ..'--:-:;;;r. -.'-" -"::;.-- . ~-"':;;'~~'- -~ .--- --~-----.- -: -- ...

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According to American agribusiness, the braceros formed the perfect labor force -- they worked "engaged in conversations" with officials. Still others, penniless hard for low wages, coult1 be. sent from one place to another like "shock troops", had few civil Mexican government leaders to and stranded, risked their lives rights and could always be sent horne when the growers were through with them. revive the bracero program. for the chance to work illegally Mexican President Luis Eche­ across the border. Twin proposals from the Ca­ at the Federation's annual De­ or otherwise. It is time for us verrIa said in Mexico City, Nov. Once in the "land of plenty" lifornia Farm Bureau and the legates Convention inSacramento to realize that the illegal aliens 26, that his government wanted the bracero faced other dangers. Mexican Government released November 26-28. are here and we need them. With­ a new treaty with the U. S. to Vehicles crowded with men over­ l';ovember 25 called for the re­ Passed by overwhelming ma­ out legal legisl~tion it opens us allow some 300.000 Mexican na­ turned, rolled into irrigation dit­ newal of the infamous "bracero jority, the resolution reads, "The up for charges of abuse. I never 'tionals to corne to this country ches, stalled at railroad cross­ program". The proposals cill California Farm Bureau should ask citizenship myself." as temporary farm workers. ings or burned with their oc­ for the contracting of up to 300 cupants locked in. Contractors investigate the possiblity of insti­ "The workers would only corne "We have the impression that thousand Mexican nationals to and growers overcharged for tuting a program on a people-to­ for the work period, then return the government of the United solve a so.called shortage of simple services. Injuries were people basis whereby Mexican to Mexico-- elsewise they could States wants this," the president farm labor in the United states. so common that there were 79 nationals could be legally em­ go on welfare rolls or some such said, insisting that Mexican na­ Agribusiness and its allies are ployed for specific agricultural farm-related deaths reported by thing," the tall rancher explained tionals would not displace U. S. apparently trying to reopen the California agribusiness in 1959 job opportunities on a temporary workers. borders to the "cheap" labor permit." alone. they enjoyed from 1942 until 1964. Treaty proposed in Mexico Kissinger's visits to Mexico Why again ... California Farm Bureau Said rancher and P~esident of The same day that the Farm have not gone unnoticed by farm the San Diego Farm Bureau, Ed Bureau approved this resolution, worker supporters. Indications For these reasons, the -United The California Farm Bureau Backus, who drafted the plan, the U. S. State Department con­ are that the governments have Federation proposal was passed Farm Workers Organizing Com­ "We need these people, legal firmed that Henry Kissinger has been toying with the idea of re­ mittee, organized labor, church newing the bracero program for groups and many others banded some time. In mid-July of this together and put an end to the year the Mexican Consulate in bracero program in 1964. Sacramento was picketed in pro­ They argued then that the im­ test to the possible agreements. portation of up to 450,000 Mexican Members of MECHA, C.A.S.A. workers a year from U. S. farm and La Raza Unida stated that jobs provided a supply of cheap Picket line violence in Wisconsin the U.S.-Mexico talks and pos­ labor for U. S. growers, who were sible'agreement are a conspi­ then not compelled to pay wages racy on the part of the U. S. high enough to attract U. S. WEST DAYTON, Wisconsin-- by removing Guild products from morrow, your house will be blown officials to destroy the United citizens to farm jobs. . Violence on the picket line against their shelves. In a major show of up." Farm Workers Union• Many responsible sources have United Farm Worker boycotters support, the Retail LiquorStores Despite the continuing threats already denounced the return of in this city has recently resulted Association (of which owner En­ and reports by the boycotters to Harvest of despair. this system of slave iabor. A in assaults, threats and the dres is a member) has endorsed the media, the police refused to stUdy commissioned in 1972 by smashing of seve;;al UFW cars. the boycott. Still, Bates' remains investigate. Police have told the Under the old bracero program Nixon himself concluded the pro­ Labeling the picketers of Bates' stubborn. UFWA that the situation is their the Mexican campesino suffered gram should not be restored. Hilldale Liquor Store as "profes­ The violence carne only after own fault because they don't be­ from a troop of greedy U. S. With Watergate, inflation, and sional agitators," anti-Union ow­ earlier efforts to stop the picket­ long on private property. growerswho abused regulations, the energy crisis, it would seem ner Paul Endres has led an at­ ers by injunction and a $1,000 suit In a final escalation of this vio­ "coyotes" who stole their money, that Congress is not in any mood tack upon the peaceful boycotters against the UFWA proved ineffec­ lence, on November 21, a leaf­ and corrupt border officials. to approve. the unpopular treaty that has caused a public outcry tive. The injunction permitted resolution or give credence tothe letter was struck by the store The lure of American dollars from clergy, civic leaders and only one UFWA picketer at a time owner's son. Whims of California agribusiness other farm worker supporters. to leaflet the store. brought thousands of families Various attempts at mediation from their homes in central and The UFWA Madison Boycott Soon after the "one leafletter" have been made by clergy and ci­ Committee has been picketing the rUling, threats were made to var­ southern Mexico to theRioGran­ vic leaders and a state-wide tel­ de. There they found neither Bates' Hilldale Liquor Store for ious organizers and volunteers in ephone campaign was begun by the past three months. All the Madison. They received anony­ housing nor provisions and not Related story District Attorney Humphrey enough bracero jobs to go around. other liquor stores in the area mous calls threatening,"Ifyou're Lynch, asking for for adequet on Page 10 have cooperated with the boycott, out there at the liquor store to- Many died waiting their turn that police protection. never carne, while scores were too weak to pass the physical examination required by U. S.

EL ~1ALCR IAOO December 14, 1973 3 Struggle continues in Coachella Valley lawsuit hits onion grower INDIO, Calif. -- UFWA member Also included in the suits are Sammy Rodriquez is suing the Rosa and Maria Ulloa who charge R.A. Glass Company for unfair they were refused employment labor practices, and grower for being 'Chavistas' _( a Cesar David Valdora and his super­ Chavez follower). The Ulloa's visor Chuck Mandella for part­ are seeking $50,000 each plus cicipating in a 'civil conspiracy' back lost wages of $100. per with intent to "black-list him week. and seek denial of his employ­ According to Rodriquez,R.A. ment.'~ Glass was successful in stopping He seeks $400,000 in puni­ a 'cebollita' strike last November damages and rectroactive lost before it got into full-swing" by wages of $112.50 per week. raising the 18~-per-dozen­ Rodriquez has worked for bunches wage to 20~. Gla~s as foreman and labor con­ Forty onion tyers had struck tractor in the vegetable fields for hoping lo negotiate a 25~ per­ the past 5 years. During the dozen rate. When Glass raised 20~ grape season he has worked for the rate to the workers Valdora. This summer he was went back to work. Onions sell instrumental in leading his crew for 15 ~ a bunch. out of the Valdora Ranch when This action on the part of the the contracts expired. He says Campany violated the ational that during that time both Val­ -Labor Relations Act which pro­ dora and Mandella yelled at him hibits employers from raising that he was going to get black­ wages to stop a strike as an listed,and he would "never work "unfair labor practice." (Al­ again,'" comments which he, Rod­ though the NLRA specificallyex­ riquez, dismissed as 'sQur­ cludes "agricultural workersu such that they broke the strike for two cents., in Indio. grapes,' threats. from its provisions, the growers When the 'cebollita' (little as "employers U are not ex­ green onion) season startedRod­ cluded. riquez, as usual, sought to con­ UFWA attorney, Barry Win­ tinue his yearly job as foreman igrad, who representsRodriquez, for Glass Co. He was informed stated that the 'black-list' be­ by a foreman Jesus Moreno that havior on the part of manage­ the company had instructed that ment created a 'chilling effect' "no Chavistas get jobs this that could spread throughout year." the State if redress was denied. Butchers Union strikes· Cal-Date- Tenneco INDIO, Calif.-- The Amalgama­ 500 employees. Most of its ted Meat Cutters and Butchers business goes into Xmas Fancy Union-Local 78-B have filed Paks, General Mills and Pills­ charges of unfair labor prac­ bury cake mixes, and their own tices against the CAL-DATE Com­ brand Sun-G·iant. pany, an affiliate of Heggblade­ Chief of Police Hunt noted that Marguleas TENNECO,. there had been no problems with ( Negotiations broke down after this crew, with the exception of six months. The Company gave a "few little fires" and around the workers a 1O~ increase while " 40 fiat fires" but otherwise negotiations were in process. orderly. There have been no in­ The Union was seeking a 25~ cidents of strike-breaking or in­ increase from the base $1.98, junctions to hamper the strikers to $2.23 per hour. who maintain their militant spirit On November 15. the whole under the springtime conditions Militant women strikers don't give in for 1O~ @ Cal-Date, 25~ or no dates for Xmas. - Cres Fraley crew , walked out on strike, of the Valley. 205 women and 59 men. Perez summed it up with' 'We Ralph Perez" "' business agent aregoing to win this thing."The and spokesman for the 78% women State Conciliation Service has strikers, said the peak season "for contacted Cal-Date and the Union Cal-Date is between September with regard to resuming the ne­ and January,when it employs over gotiations. Citizens fight for park use COACHELLA, California --Pro­ local farmworker·s. UFW mem­ testing a new city ordinance which bers, and members of the Amal­ restricts the use of the city park, gamated Meat Cutters local 78-B A varied group of Coachella clti­ picketed Garcia's store, the A& D zens picketed a grocery store Market, until the council agreed owned by the town's mayor. to hold a special meeting about The City Council had passed the park hours. an ordinance closing the park For several months last to organized groups between 11 sp~ing, more than a thousand p.m. and 6 a.m. each day. charg­ UFW strikers and supporters ing that "the community" had from the Coachella area used complained about noise during the the park on a daily basis for meet­ UFW strike in Coachella last ings, rallies, church services, spring. Mayor Anthony Garcia and meals, ith gatherings often cast the decisive vote ~ lasting past midnight or beginning In "response to the ordinance, at 1 a.m. Mayor Anthony Garcia found that a picket line in front of his business could be more disturbing, than the 'noise' @ the City Park. photo: Cres Fraley

4 EL ~1ALCP If\.D0 December 1Ll., 1973 Cesar Chavez named 'liberated man' Cesar Chavez, president of the UFWA, was named in a list of the ten most "liberated" men by Gloria Steinem editor of MS. magazine, and promoter of women's rights. Chavez was named because of his dedication to non-violence. What Ms. Steinem didn't mention is that many women help Farm workers in Cesar Chavez in running the different entities of La Causa. He has women directors in administration, the field offices, the boycott offices, the National Farm Worker Service Center Inc" with its campesino centers, and manning-- oops! -~ Cleveland tell of 'directing' picket lines: Students force university to obs.erve boycott struggle Student power has paid off at the University of Pittsburg, wh~re petitions and action by student government organi­ zahon~ have caused the administrati0n of the University to ma.ke observance of the boycott official policy. . CLEVELAND--"ON the boycott Pennsylvania boycott endorsement you get stronger in your beliefs . The lettuce and grape boycotts received a Thanksgiving every day. You meet people who endorsement from the Allegheny County Council on Civil either support you or just don't Rights. The ACCCR has requested that its 50 affiliates know about us. It's an education San Bernardino letter-writing campaign observe the b~ycott as well, and that its members act simi­ for yourself everytime you talk larl¥ as individuals. to someone else about the union." RIVERSIDE-SAN BERNADIN0-- A letter-writing campaign is Chavez tours East Coast and Canada In the boycott office here in playin.g a key role in the on-going negotiations between UFWA Cleveland's West Side, several boycott representatives and Staters Brothers, a promient UFWA Presidente Cesar Chavez is presently on a boycott UFWA strikers hav.e taken time store chain in this area. speaking tour that is taking him to key cities in the United out from their work to talk about According to Frank Martinez, director of the UFWA's boy­ States and Canada. their lives on the boycott. Ricar­ cott effort in Riverside San Bernardino counties more than On November 26 he left La Paz for Chicago, where he 3,000 boycott supporters have :llready written letters to the met with UFWA staff and attended a dinner for Pat Gorman do Zavala of White River Farms in Delano is one of them' store chain demanding that Stater Brothers stop selling of the Meat Cutters Union. "You have to decide in each scab grapes. On November 27 he attended a convention of the Hopital case how to approach people on Among the letter-writers, Martmez said, are Black and Workers local 199 in New York City. On the 28th he spoke the picket lines or in meetings, Chicano community organizations and leaders The Riverside at a labor rally at Hunter College in NYC. because people are always dif­ Central Democratic Committee, small store o~ners who sup­ On November 30 Chavez visited Montreal where he first ferent. The first few times I port the grape and lettuce boycott, and many prominent poli­ had a prilss conference and lunch sponsored by Common' was really scared to have to talk tical leaders. Front, a Quebec Labor organization. He Also made an address but I learned that it can be fun Martinez said the campaign is going strong on the college at McGill University. because people are always inte­ campuses with the help of El MALCRIADO distribution drives. In Ottawa, Chavez met with the Secretary Treasurer of the Also, he said, the Retail Clerks Union in the area promises to Canadian, Labor Congress. He is now on his way to Pittsburgh rested. "Some of our best support support any necessary boycott action against Stater Brothers. Where, among other things, he plans on addressing a convention comes from the black community of the National Mine Workers of America. on the East Side. We can empty a U. of Illinois-Chicago supports boycott store over there in no time. I guess black people know from Farm worker children, and students and faculty went be­ their own lives what we mean fore the Board of the Circle Campus of the University of Il­ when we tell them about being lionis in Chicago, November 1, to ask that the University sup­ exploited They want to help us port the efforts of the Union by refusing to serve lettuce and grapes in their cafeterias that feed 22,000 students daily. fight back." The children spoke to the Board saying that they might some­ Children fiqht too ?a! be able to try and receive a higher education, but that today The Zavala family is among 50 1t 1S very hard for farm worker children to make it through high farm workers and seven staff school. volunteers working on the Cleve­ Faculty members then urged the Board to support the boycotts, land boycott. Ricardo has orga­ and student representatives presented petitions circulated niZing responsibilities for a sec­ throughout the campus supporting the boycott as well. tion of Cleveland's West Side. After one and a half hours of discussion, tbe Board voted Socorro works in the boycott 8-3 to support the boycott reversing their policy from last office, and the three children year. The children left the room happy with their contribution attend school to the struggle of the Union :lnd realized that today it was "But they join us on the picket through them that the University had been educated. line, too," says, Socorro. "In Elementary school students support UFWA school they learn that they are supposed to have rights, but they learn on the picket line that they have to fight for themn "The other day Carlos came home from his day care center and was so mad because they Dr. H. Brickman served lettuce at lunch. He Cesar Chavez encourages boycotters in Chicago with his presence. went back the next day and com­ plained, so they switched to cab­ bage. He told the other children and teachers not to buy lettuce or grapes or shop at Fisher­ Fazio. He's four years old." "I speak often to students in their classes, and try to point out how life for us has meant that we can't gO to school." adds Raphael Reveles of George Lucas Farms in PiXley. "I Support for La Causa and information about the struggle of the show them how having the UFWA UFWA has taken the shape of a cultural awareness program at contracts helps families settle Pacoima Elementary -School in Pacoima, California. The school down and put their kids in school. is 49% chicano. Our cause is effective in Bill Hill of the American Federation of Teachers was pri- Ohio because there is still so marily responsible for establishing the program. The faculty much child labor in the toma­ and students are petitioning, writing letters, and boycotting toes and potatoes." school lettuce. Hill says he hopes to establish similar programs at other elementary schools in the area. hio farm workers will J01~------""" According to Ohio Boycott di- co work and talk about the Union- ready clean of grapes and let- rector' and UFWA executive board and sell MALCRIAD(1;. Next tuce'" The major target, the member Eliseo Medina, the mi- summer we will get tfiem in- Fisher- Fazio chain, will be more grant farm workers who come to volved in the boycott on week- difficult, "although they recently Chris Byrne Ohio are an important force in ends and soon we will push for asked to talk with us for the Hartford Boyc ott: Pedr.o Carmona-D' Arrigo striker, Maria the future of the Union. "Already contracts." first time. which shows they are there are union members from Medina say,s that 70 indepen- weakening. They know and we Colon-Earlimart, Bernice Rlncon- UFWA.Fresno, Albert & Texas and Florida who com!! here dent stores in Cleveland are al- know it's only a matter of time Larry Colon. 'before we win." EL ~1I\LCR IJ\Dfl fJecember T4~ 1973 5 Why Richard M. Nixon Must Be Impeached - Now

On October 22. the AF1.-CIO at its convention unanimous­ repeatedly sought to keep those facts from the public. from ly adopted a resolution calling for the resignation of Presi­ the courts. from the Congress. and from the special prose­ dent Richard M. Nixon. cutor. The resolution said that Mr. Nixon's resignation was nec­ He has used the office of the Presidency for personal en­ essary for the restoration of our badly battered. democratic richment. institutions. He secretly curtailed the FBI investigation of the Water­ If Mr. Nixon does not resign. the resolution said. "we call gate break-in. upon the House of Representatives forthwith to initiate im­ peachment proceedings against him:' He involved the CIA in the coverup of the Watergate affair. Since then. Mr. Nixon has given cle~ evidence he does not intend to resign. He sought to suppress-and for a time did suppress-the facts of the burglary of the office of Daniel Ellsberg's psychi­ The An-CIO therefore calls for his immediate impeach-' atrist from the judge in the Ellsberg trial. ment. As we said in the convention resolution. "Impeachment is He interfered with the administration of justice by offering not a prospect we contemplate with pleasure. No decent this judge the directorship of the FBI. American can derive any partisan satisfaction whatever He intervened in the antitrust suit against International from the misfortune of his nation. And surely the American Telephone and Telegraph to impose a settlement agreeable labor movement is not interested in aiding any reckless to the corporation. after which the corporation agreed to attacks on the Presidency. We are especially concerned underwrite $400.000 of the cost of the 1972 Republican Na­ about the office of the Presidency in these 'times of grave tional Convention. danger on the international front. He and his subordinates sought to use the power of the "But the cause of peace and freedom in the world cannot White House. the Justice Department. the Internal Revenue survive a discredited Presidency. Our allies' best hope­ Service. the Securities and Exchange Commission and other mankind's best hope -lies in the strength of our demo­ government agencies .to punish a list of political enemies. cratic institutions. Officials of his campaign committee and his personal at­ "Justice must be done. the risks of not doing it being more torney extorted illegal campaign contributions from corpo­ than democracy can safely bear:' rations which were dependent on maintaining the good will Richard M. Nixon must be impeached-now-because: of the government. He has caused an erosion of public confidence in our Officials of his campaign committee received large cam­ democra1ic system of government. paign contributions from the dairy industry. which was seek­ mg and later received lucrative dairy price support in­ He instituted in the name of national security a plan which creases and dairy import concessions. violated civil liberties through domestic political surveil­ lance. espionage. wiretapping. burglary. eavesdropping. Until Richard Nixon is removed from office. we will not opening of mail. and military spying on civilians. be able to get Watergate behind us. We will not be able to proceed with sober and constructive solutions to our eco­ He created a special and personal secret police. answer­ nomic and social problems at home or to the dangers of war able only to the White House. to operate totally outside the in the world. constraints of law. The first step in the impeachment process already has He and his subordinates interfered with the freedom of the been taken: resolutions calling for the impeachment of the press - which our Constitution guarantees - by means of President have been introduced in the House of Representa­ wiretaps. FBI investigations. and threats of punitive action. tives and referred to the House Judiciary Committee. The He secretly recorded conversations in his office without next ship is for the committee to investigate. If it recommends advising participants in those conversations that they were impeachment. the committee sends to the House floor a reso­ .being recorded. He then sought to deny the evidence on lution and articles of impeachment which specify the those tapes to the courts. charges against the President. He has violated the Constitution of the United States and If the House by majority vote approves the articles of im­ his sworn obligation to see that the laws "be faithfully ex-' peachment. they are sent to the Senate for trial. If two-thirds ecuted:' of the Senate. with the Chief Justice of the United States pre­ siding. find the President guilty of any of the charges. he is He has used the office of the Presidency to attempt to put removed from office. himself above the law. What is now necessary is that the House of Representa­ He has consistently lied to the American people. tives and the House Judiciary Committee be made aware of the need for urgency in voting the impeachment of the He has. by his actions and through the actions of his sub­ President. Toward this end. each union member should now ordinates - for which he has accepted responsibility­ write his Congressman AND Chairman Peter Rodino of the brought dishonor on the office of the Presidency. House Judiciary Committee-at the House Office Build­ He has repeatedly pr~mised the American people full rev­ ing. Washington. D.C. 20S1S-and urge their support> of elation of the facts in the Watergate affair-and he has impeachment.

American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations, 815 Sixteenth Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20006

6 EL ~1ALCRIADn December 14, 1973 New Teamster group fights ( for un ion democracy

It is clear to the world how In one of these strikes the on the local." much trouble the Teamster lea-. local won a 50% wage increase Immediately following this dership has had in recent months for the truck drivers of a local takeover, many of the local's --- controlling its farm worker beverage company. members formeda new organiza­ "membership". These workers Local 695 lent its support to tion called "Teamsters for De­ have been on strike in defense other unionizing efforts in the mocracy". to continue their fight of their own union, the UFWA, Madison area, including a union to win control of the local and to since April. for teaching assistants at the fight the international union's' Less well known but equally University of Wisconsin, the first leadership elsewhere in the coun­ important is the increasing trou­ such union in the country. try. blE! the Teamster leadership is The local's secretary-trea­ Subsequently. at aNovember 20 having in controlling its own surer and the business agent meeting, representatives from rank-and-file membership of were among the leaders of the the Milwaukee local attempted truck drivers, warehousemen, progressive movement in the lo­ to justify their action, but ac­ and cannery workers. cal, but other officers and for­ cording to one worker who at­ In November, the International mer officers opposed their poli­ tended, they were booed and Brotherhood of Teamsters, head­ tics, as did the officers of the shouted down. ed by Frank Fitzsimmons, step­ nearby and more powerful Mil­ In response to the official's ped in and took direct control of waukee Local 200. statement that the members' ac­ Local 695 in Madison, Wiscon­ Many of the tensions between tivities were giving the union a sin. Local elections were can­ the two sides came to a head bad image, one worker replied, celled and further expansion of around election of officers for' "N0 organization in the world has the union through organizing Local 695 scheduled for Decem­ a worse name already than the drives was halted. ber. International Brotherhood of In the past several years, this As the election approached, Teamsters'" 5,000 member local took strong many observers predicted as The officials then promised a positions against the Indochina much as a five to one landslide meeting at 10 a. m. a few days war and against Nixon's wage for ·the progressive forces. The later, but another worker shouted freeze policies. They refused local newspaper ran a four part "We'll be working then and you to endorse Nixon for President series on the struggle within the know itl'" in 1972, and gave their electoral local, and the election was a Attitudes such as these on the support to a progressiVe candi­ major issue in the state. part of Teamster union officials date for mayor of Madison, who Fin~lly, the officials from Mil­ towards rank and file workers was elected. waukee stepped in and took over is creating an upsurge of pro­ In addition, as part of its Local 695, claiming that strike test of which the Madison Team­ continual organizing campaign, funds had been "misused." All sters for De.mocracy is only a the local conducted three strikes the local's officers resigned ex­ part. And their struggle is only in the Madison area, ~of which the cept the business agent, who was beginning. shortest lasted seventeen weeks. Photos - SEBASTIAN fired for being a "bad influence ._--_......

Fitzsimmons called liar on UFWA agreement, Nixon contri bu t ions Teamster President Frank labor organizing. He said the Fitzsimmons has had to work agreement had always depended hard in recent weeks to main­ on the AFL-CIO agreeing topro­ tain some credibility on issues teet the Teamsters against law­ concerning his union and his role suits from the growers if the in it. Teamsters gave up their sweet­ He is facing a barrage of cri­ heart contracts. ticism and disbelief from a wide "That's a lie," says UFWA range of labor, church, and poli­ Gene-ral Counsel Jerry Cohen. tical groups for his account of "There was a written agreement what haooened to the Teamsters' right there on the table in Sep­ jurisdictional agreement with the tember and all the Teamsters Fitzsimmons said 'yes' but he didn't say when nor to whom. United Farm Workers of Ameri­ told the AFL- CIa was that they Hoffa has made it clear that he wanted a day or two to check out created with these employers ca. (the growers) rather than in is challenging Fitzsimmons for But now on top of that, he finds a few details." maintaining their integrity as control of the Teamsters. And himself in the company of dozens Cohen also points out that the apparently Hoffa is at least partly Teamsters never pUblicly men­ trade unionists." of top business executives, as he responsible for Fitzsimmons' tioned the demand for legal pro­ Fitzsimmons' only response to denies the leadership of his or­ decision to renege on the agree­ ganization secretly contributed tection until more than six weeks Meany was to charge him with after the agreement had been "posing as head of the American ment with the AFL-CIO and the tens and perhaps hundreds of UFWA. reached, when many people were labor movement." thousands of dollars toPresident But in the face of these at­ Nixon's election campaign in restlessly wondering why: the Meanwhile, Newsweek maga­ Teamsters hadn't signed. zine quoted former Teamster tacks from within his own union, 1972. Fitzsimmons' assertion that cer­ At a November 21 press con­ In a November 16 statement, president Jimmy Hoffa as saying AFL - CIa president George that he had been told the Team­ tain campaign contributions were ference in Washington, Fitzsim­ non-existent and that a certain mons answered questions on both Meany published the actual text sters gave between $60,000 and of the agreement, adding "It $70,000 tothe 1972 Nixon re-elec­ jurisdictional agreement was of these issues. non-existent sound about as con­ He said then that it was untrue appears that the Teamsters have tion campaign rather than the vincing as Nixon's assertion that an agreement between the Team­ decided that their interests lie in $18,000 which Fitzsimmons re­ maintaining the alliance they have ported had been donated to the certain Watergate tapes were sters and the AFL-CIO had ever non-existent. been reached concerning the farm President. Restaurant Real Colima ARTICHOKE INN Pedro Sanchez Gas Station 74 Porter uri ve Restaurant and Bar ~ !.1,·ch31'1C iiit ~ Watsonville A good ploce to eat courtesy Prol'lptness'i!J) 724·0080 (40:.-7:>2-fi700) !\jJthenti c cook i nq. from the state of Newly remodeled -- now open Col ima • r} "r: 1(<11 'U . nche~ 18 Porter Drive. Watsonville. California 724-972 \Ianuel Cahero V., owner

EL ~1ALCRIAD() December 14, 10,73 7

Farm Bureau attacks farm workers' rights November meeting blasts unions, A decade of war strikes, boycotts on UFWA SACRAMENTO:- Following a pleasant day on the golf course, The California Farm Bureau several hundred delegates to the is the largest state-levelorgan­ California Farm Bureau meeting ization within the American Farm here in late November settled Bureau Federation (AFBF), an down to express their views on a organization of farmers and farm number of political and economic corporations. Both organizations ~ questions Among the problems have fought for many years to they face is how to deal with their prevent farm workers from or­ ~:rb~l~~~~e~·:..ork force," the -!ganizing their own union. In recent years, the Farm The resolutions adopted in the Bureau has made special efforts area of farm labor reflect, as'in to destroy the United Farm Work­ the past, the generally reaction­ e-rs of America. Among its most ary views that are the hallmark infamous attempts are: of the Farm Bureau. Taken toge-' **1965-1970...During the first ther, they represent a serious at-· grape strike and boycott, the tack on the right of farm workers Farm Bureau attempted to pre­ and their supporters to boycott ssure stores which removed scab non-UFWA produce and on the po­ grapes into putting them back on litical rights of farm workers in the shelves; provided legal and general. financial help to the grape grow­ In addition to callingfor the re- In Bakersfield, Calif. the rank-and-file also orotest. Chris Sanchez ers to fight the union; produced vival of the "bracero" program propaganda that distorted the for the importation of Mexican lives and working conditions of workers (see page 3)" the Farm farm workers and lied about the Bureau also took these other po­ UFWA; and formed front groups sitions: such as the" Freedom to Market A "Farm Labor" resolution Committee" to push its anti­ aimed at protecting "the right of Union drive. a worker not to join an organiza­ **May, 1972--- Faced with de­ n tion. at bringing farm worker:s feat on the grape boycott and under the Taft Hartley Act· re­ with the new UFWA, drive in strictions of the National Labor the lettuce fields, the Farm Bur­ Relations Ad, which prohibits eau began to sponsor legislation secondary boycotts, and at out­ aimed at outlawing the boycott laWing strikes at harvest time. and restricting the rights of farm to help fight any boycott and cal­ workers to strike. Such leg­ led for the strengthening of tres­ islation was signed into law in passing laws to "prevent the un­ Arizona on May II, 1972, but authorized access of persons to was defeated in Idaho, Oregon, private land." Florida, New York, and the U.S. This last provision aims at de­ Senate. nying farm workers their rights **N ovember,1972...The Farm to meet with union organizers and bureau-sponsored and financed lawyers or even with their friends Proposition 22, aimed at crip­ in labor camps or in the fields. pling the UFWA by outlawing A "Youth Employment" reso­ the boycott and harvest-time lution urging the loosening, of re- strikes, was soundly defeated strictions on child labor because The Farm Bureau's representatives contirlUe juking abuut the farm warier's s rugg e. by California voters. The "frequently, regulatory agencies California Secretary of State tend to overly restrict the oppor­ announced that the measure was tunity for youth to gain gainful put on the ballot through the employment." use of over 60,000 fraudulent. A "Farm Tractor Safety" re­ signatures gathered by the Farm solution exempting old tractors Bureau's allies and large grow­ from safety laws because "We ers. recognize the need for safety re­ **December, 1972...Again gulations toprotectfarm workers faced with the defeat of its legis­ from work-related injury or lative attempts to destroy the death. We feel, however, that UFWA, the national Farm Bur­ major modifications to tractors eau convention applauded Team­ or implements whose useful life ster President Frank Fitzsim­ is nearly over will not apprecia­ mons, who crossed a UFWA pic­ bly contribute to accident reduc­ ket line toproposethattheTeam­ tion." sters try to replace the UFWA in In a resolution labeled, NOT the fields. The Teamsters' lead­ FOR PUBLICATION, the Farm 'ership soon announced the sign­ Bureau stated, "Never before in ing of a series of sweetheart the history of this state and the contracts with the growers, nation has it been more imperi­ touching off a series of strikes tive that agriculture improve its by thousands of California farm communications with the con­ workers during the summer of suming public." 1973. Dolores Huerta denounces the Farm Bureau in Los Angeles, with her Reverend Chris Hartmire and Richard Chavez.

La Flor Del Valle CASA MEXICO ~ 1.00 ·Union ~t.. Record Shop ~ ~~~~~wa~orWI Los ultimos exitos en discos II e. Cal. 63 (,U-HAU; BINGO SUPER MARKET GONSALES BARBER SHOP de 45 y 33 r .p.m.

Miranda's Texaco 241 EI Camino Real Extenso surtido en curiosidades Groceries ' _M~~~R~~R-,)~[~.~ mexicanas y tarjetas para tode ocasio" Mexican products Brakes. Shocks. Tune-Ups Greenfield. Calif. 93927 · /:, , WINE AND SUNDRIES 1 G' . Phone - 674-2481 Newspapers .and I 431 ,\bbott st. \ '. "1 I periodicos. libras. revistas y magazines in Spanish ;,p ( 945 MONTEREY ST•• Phom·422-5123 ~ Pro. - Cosme Gonsales todo esto en espanol. SaUnas. Calif. 93901 SOLEDAD. CALIF'. i • PHo:-

Notary PubUc PRO•• FELIX C. SANCHEZ 823 E. ALLSAl. Owller: Culos F. Rico Phoop 758.3015 SALINAS. CALIF'. &3901

10 EL ~1ALCR IAon December 14, 1973 ",-

~hanization

"When we used to work in Texas picking cotton, the machines came and took our jobs away. Then we picked tomatoes and the machines came and took our jobs away. The same with carrots. We had to keep moving!' 18-year-old UFWA member, Maximo Huerta, described to the press what has become a stark reality to farm workers across the country: destruction of thousands of jobs by the mechanization of agriculture. Traditionally labor-intensive crops like lettuce, tomatoes, cotton, berries, and grapes are becoming increasingly mecha~ nized as growers seek to increase profits. One Salinas grower told a major California newspaper: "Since we got rid of our high-labor crops our profits have been better and the labor force we do have on the machines - < The California lettuce harvest, according to University of is easier to get along with-- a lot of housewives and young California-Davis agricultural specialist, employs from 6,000 to people earning money for a few weeks. 11 7,000 workers each year. A mechanical lettuce harvester would Institutions like the University of California and the U. S. probably destroy from 1,500 to 1•.700 jobs. Department of Agriculture pour millons into developing tough­ skinned tomatoes or chemicals to defoliate cotton, but they ~@!!~~ ~ ~=-=-==-L=-i~-UO-:-~-~-I-:-r-;-:-r-:-z--==-=-==---= pay little attention to the needs of the farm workers. @g University of California economist John Marner admitted Editor seeking original to the press that, "I don't really know what's happening to * Beer and Tequi la Imported F,"om stories and poems by Chicano_ displaced workers. But commonsense tells you that.•.there Mexico must be a lot of people sitting around waiting for work." writers in English or bi- * ~or Your Parties The struggle of the UFWA to assure the availability and lingual for anthology of *6At1-·2PM PAUL'S BIG D. dignity of farm work has been met with coldly conscious Chicano literature. All * (40B) 724-8998 89S Front St. attempts by the growers to replace workers with machines. royalties donated to United Soledad. Col. 93930 One California grape grower, Leroy Kirschenmann, claims W.1tsollville, Ca SHELL GAS that, "If I ever have labor problems I'll tear our these vines Farm Workers. Write: 120 tla i n St. DAIRY PRODUCTS Dr. Dorothy E. Harth, De­ COLD BEER and plant ones I can harvest by machine." m The UFWA says it will continue to fight against the irre­ partment of Modern Lan- sponsible introduction of machinery into farm work. UFWA guages, Onondaga Community organizer Al Rojas, during a fight against a mechanization College, Syracus~ New York attempt by Roberts Farms last year, said:

College, Syracuse, New MEDINA'S EXXON MEDINA'S GULF "They put the damn machines into the cotton fields; they York, 13215. SPfCIALlZING IN SPECIALIZING IN put the machines into the tomato fields, and into some fruit. SRAHS· SH0Ct

431 Abboct St. Hway 101 So. Soledad. C:allf. [@)t~~@)t~ Phoof' 422-5123 SaUnas. 93901 Phane 61a..Z1I7 nIH.

EL ~1ALCR IADO December 1Ll., 1973 11 Labor and movement news

'Energy CriSIS f ··'hurts workers while oil profits grow Police attack Chicano school Once again the working peoples Queens New York, will be with­ SANTA FE, New Mexico-- On educational needs of Chicanos, everywhere into a criminal of­ of America are being asked to out heat and hot water this winter September 3, Escuela Tonantzin, It offered courses in drama and fense." bear the brunt of corporate greed because the Paragon Oil company a Chicano community school in theatre, dance, arts and crafts, According to witnesses, on the and government irresponsibility. 'Cut their fuel quota by 30%. Yet Agua Fria was attacked by local, Chicano history and drug educa­ night of September 3, the police Residents of Rochdale Village, a President Nixon, in one weekend, county and state police. Accord­ tion as well as standard courses. arrived at the school and en­ uses enough fuel to heat an ordi­ 24.000 person housing project in ing to reports, 80 police, FBI The school is run by a Chicano tered the buildings on the pre- nary home for 155 years. group called El Comite del Bar­ AFL- CIa President George agents, and an arr'!1J helicopter text of "looking for a suspect!' were used in the-assault. rio. There were between 50 and 75 Meany recently said: Chicana~ 'U~da "While all Americans face in­ A young Mon­ The Santa Fe District Attor­ people, including children, in the convencience, discomfort and toya was murdered, and another ney, Joe Castellano, had pub­ building at the time. some hardship, workers face Chicano, Johnny MorfIn, was licaUy stated that he would close even worse. Workers, especial­ wounded. the school down and that he was The Police opened up an in­ ly in industrial plants, transpor­ That ni"ht, before the attack, "out to get" the members of El tation and retail stores, face a Santa Fe television stations were Comite. The groups activities tense volley of fire. People tried clear threat of loss of jobs and interrupted with a police message had wide popular backing in the to escape, but many couldn't, Ms. Montoya was murdered and income." asking local people to bring them area. Said ':l'Tonanztin spokes­ General Motors recently an­ automatic weapons and ammuni­ man: MorfIn wounded. The police nounced it would shut down 16 of tion for the ambush. "I think that the very idea of destroyed murals, art and musi­ its major plants for a week in De­ La Escuela y Colegio Tonan­ Chicanos organizing themselves cal equipment, and they ran­ cember, a move designed to cor­ tzin was established to serve the has been made by the police sacked the files of the school. rect the over-production of big cars. The shutdowns will mean lay-offs for some 105,000 wor­ kers across the nation. The major airlines are taking Black workers fight tob acco automation similar measures. United plans to lay-off 950 employees as of Jan. 7, while Frontier Airlines LOUISVILLE, Kentucky,--The has laid off 150 employees. aftermath of a six-hour sit-in by eight Black workers in the P. Lo­ In the meantime, profits of the rillard Tobacco Company in Au­ oil companies continue to grow gust to protest the effect of auto­ at unprecedented rates. In the mation on the jobs of Black and first quarter of 1973, porfits for white workers is rapidly becom­ the world's seven largest oil cor­ ing a community-wide issue. porations were greater than in any other three month period in their history. And this repre­ Local community and civil sents the crux of the situation: rights groups are rallying in sup­ the energy crisis has served to port of the workers who were increase the profits of the rich. fired from their jobs and report­ While it is true that in the long­ edly dragged from the plant and run supplies of natural gas are beaten before they were placed being eaten up at an incredible under arrest. One of the eight rate, it is also true that the cur­ workers has since been rehired rent "crisis" is very much the by the management. result of"self-made" scarcity of fuel. By cutting back on ex­ Complaints were filed by -the plon.tory operations and by hold­ fired workers with the National ing gas back from the 500 wells Labor Relations Board and the off the coast of Louisiana, the fuel Equal Employment Opportunities monopolies have driven prices . Commission. The sit-in demon­ upward. Tobacco workf'fs gain support in unjust firing. Photo: Black Panthers stration was believed to be the first by Black workers in the re­ tributors to the UFWA since the Grower-Teamster attack be­ cent history of the South. gan this year. NEWSBRIEFS Native Americans fight for rights The Native Americans' civll nghts struggle 1S just begin­ This struggle has highlighted Texti Ie workers demand union rights ning, says Lehman Brighton, director of Native American the bad effect of automation on all workers in the plant, black CRrnSVILLE, Tennessee-- Workers from this textile mill Studies at California State University at Sacramento. town spontaneously walked off their jobs on Aug. 29, and called Besides the more publicized demonstrations of militancy, and white. Over the years Black workers have been the main pro­ upon the Textile Workers Union to represent them in collective the Indians' civil rights movement, says Brighton, is "finding bargaining negotiations with the town's largest textile mill. jobs for Indians, getting them into universities and colleges duction employees in the tobacco The 500 workers, 80% of the compants workforce, are now on scholarships, and having Indian professors teaching the plants. With increased automa­ tion working conditions have entering their fourth month of battle with the company, truth about our people." Roseloen, which has refused to recognize the union or enter It's also doing battle with the irresponsible Bureau of changed. They have become into negotiat~ons. Indian Affairs which Brighton claims has failed to meet cleaner, cooler and easier and an The company did agree to worker'~' demands for a 25-cent Indians needs in both health and education, he said. increasing number of jobs have an-hour wage raise over their $2.20 hourly average, but it been allocated to whites. has continued to deny the workers' desire for their own Student-worker alliance wins strike union. Some 45,000 students and workers won an impressive vic­ tory this month after a 25-day strike against 13 campuses of The Black workers, as has been UAW strikers win pact the University of Puerto Rico. The Puerto Rican Council of true historically, were the first The Caterpillar Tractor Company and the 30,000 striking Higher Education has agreed to demands for the establish­ to be discharged and also some members of the United Auto Workers have reached tentative ment 'of a student-professor-worker committee to hear recom­ White workers were laid off. It agreement on a three-year national contract, but local dis­ mendations regarding participation in the selection of Univer­ was to protest these discrimina­ putes remain unresolved in three cities. sity administrators, student activities, and working conditions tory layoffs that the, sit-in took T'he contract provides for a, 3% wage increase in each of of the non-teachine: staff and workp.rs. place at the beginning of the se­ its three years, plus 4 cents an hour more the first year. Butz' policies hard on poor cond shift. other provisions include retirement after 30 years of em­ Recent reports from waShington economists show -that the ployment, limits on compulsory overtime, and a dental biggest blame for sky-high food prices in supermarkets falls The only response the workers care plan. upon Secretary of Agriculture Earl Butz. He was the one who got to their six hours of protest Woodcock wins humanitarian award sold scarce wheat to the Russians and made faulty estimates was from the police who were cal­ United Auto Workers President Leonard Woodcock has been of food production. led to drag them from their jobs. awarded the 1973 National B'nai Brith Humanita1.an Award. As usual, the poor have paid the heaviest price for these ir­ This reportedly has stirred the The presentation took place at a dinner in Detroit on Nov. 28. responsible acts Dept. of Agriculture files show that supermar­ resentment of many in the Black Woodcock was honored because of "his contribution to Ameri­ ket inflation has affected 'basic necessities far more than it and white sectors of Louisville. can life and to the welfare of mankind." has luxury items. So for man~ this winter; hunger and under­ The UAW has been a,mongthelargestregular financial con- nourishment will be holiday visitors. 12 Fl HAlCRIA00 Oecemher 14, 1.973 "We are Eagles... who must strike like Doves..•"

In a time of need and They forget that our an­ You get sick to your violence it is easy to get cesters. the Aztecs, were stomach and know that some­ angry and start a power­ far more advanced and had thing must be done. You know ful movement within us. the knowledge for which men that there may be a time when A movement which seems are still seeking. And if we will have to fight til death. to grow and tear at our in­ they had not been so bar­ and when that time comes we sides. You seem to have baric with their greedy ways . will be ready for it. the strenght of a lion and and had paid more attention But now when we have the are willing to use that to what was here and tried angered feeling and strength strength in stopping the in­ to understand the civiliza­ of volcanos ready to burst, justice anyway you can. tion as it was, this would we must remember .that we And rightly so it might be a better world. are Eagles with wisdom, and seem, especially when pigs All of this and more burns are not volcanos, and are not are beating up handcuffed inside of us as we try to use lions, and must strike like women, and brutally killing our heads wisely in this land Doves, peacefully. And we drunken men. When the law of corrupt politics. where must use this energy in a is one sided and not inte­ the motto seems to be "the totally non-violent way, to rested in justice but in feel­ rich get richer and the poor bring justice and to put a ing dominant. get poorer." As we try stop to the violence that to· keep calm and try to has shed the blood of our When people take the land explain the dealings that go brothers and sisters. that used to belong to us on behind peoples' backs, And it is this way in which and try to have us work to a closed-minded person we must free the oppressed, it under unfair conditions, who never stopped to ques­ and open the eyes of the inappropriate facilities. and tion if what his parents and oppressor to the true value for a fraction of the money friends had told him had any and meaning of equality of which we deserve. When sense to it at all. all people, for once and for they try and treat us like You feel the discrimina­ all. animals and like children tion against you and wonder Viva la Revoluci6n! which can be fooled and why they think that they are played with as if merchan­ better than you, and can treat Gerardo Vazquez dise. you like dirt. . Goshen, California

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FL ~l\LCR II\DO Decemher 14, 1973 13 Church groups support boycott

The National Board of the So- Teamsters Union fo: going back ciety of the -JHoly' Child Jesus on the agreement WhICh had been has pledged very active support reached between the Teamsters of the UFWA in it's boycotting and the UFW~. . ... "In reachlllg this agreement. efforts•. In an offICial memo fro~r.he UFWA and Cesar Chavez the National Board to the Amen- isplayed a willingness to bar­ can Provinces, the SHCJ called gain in good faith. The suspen.. for its sisters to honor the boy- sion of the lettuce boycott. a cotts write letters to officials fight to which the UFWA had of r~tail stores to picket all in- given three years of hard work, stitutions prom~ting violations of was a great sacrifice to the the boycotts pledge money and Union. But now it appears that to do volunteer work with the Fitzsimmons did not negotiate in UFW A. good faith on his part. The public The resolution states in part: outcries which accompanied the "The National Board of theSHCJ Iimmoral and unjust attack upon supports the struggle of the Uni- the UFWA by the Teamsters ted Farm Workers in their battle forced Ftizsimmons to negotiate against the Teamsters Union and the agreement as a face-saving the powerful California Growers, device." and urges the sisters to refrain from purchasing. serving, and eating iceberg (head) lettuce and At a meeting in Cincinatti of the grapes unless clearly marked General Assembly of the Chris­ with the Black Eagle label of the tian Church (Disciples of Christ) UFWA." in October, support for the basic Irights of farm workers to orga­ nize and have their own union, considered by the causa of the Governor Reagan vetoed~ The Fort Worth Committee to became a formal resolution: Donation & correction Aid Farm Workers, an organ of "Be it resolved that th: ~e­ organized farmworkers. A fra­ oi recent bill to provide un­ the Fort Worth Council of Chur- neral Assembly of the ChnstIan ternal greeting. employment insurance for ches held a press conference Church (Disciples of Christ) re­ Dear Brothers: farm workers; the enemies JoseT. Vargas on November 16 at which the affirms support for the right of Enclosed is $5.00 please send of our struggle have made Committee announced renewed farm workers, including migra­ me 50 copies of the next MAL­ their stand clear. Teamster. (Companero Vargas, please send conspiracy with the growers. support for the UFWA. tory and seasonal workers, to CRIADO. to the return address The Reverend Eugene Witkow- organize and join a union of their on the envelope. us your address so that the Union violence upon our women can get in touch with you. Thank and children by teamster ski head of the Committee and own choosing. and to engage in Also enclosed are some de­ ch;ncellor of the Fort Worth collective bargaining with em­ you-- EL MALC goons and county sheriffs, tails on the Lansing rally of Catholic Diocese. blasted the ployers.'~ oct 18. There are two correc­ Support boycott! racist legislation in local tions to be made, that I num­ districts from grower-back- bered on the article. if you want After reading the article ed representatives, the con- Daifullah's parents send thanks to use it: an the front page of the tinued exploitation of farm- 1'The reference to Krogers' issue (Nov. 16, 1973), I find workers from the governor UFWA: Service Center: taking off the grapes was taken . it necessary to respond to on down-- we have seen it all. out of context; it referred to the the situation faced by Mar- Support for the boycott . k In reply to your letter••. garita Flores of the Ser- cities across the country I would like all to nowh Ittwan a thank UFWA. and first grape boycott in 1969. vice Center in Santa Maria.. that the body of my son as you for all what you have 2. Ray Alvarez is not just a . trt d f' must continue, with all the been received and I thank done during the time of my "boycott supporter"; he is the The despicable a I u eo, pain and sacrifice of being 11 h t director of AFL-CIO-COPE for the Teamsters union toward. away from home and families ~~~ ~e:.:e ~~~: :~; ~y ~o~, ~~~~s i~U:d~~d ~~t:, '::~~ the door-to-riaor food drivp, that this action entails. Michigan and Ohio. He was sent just another example of the who have been killed by the all of the family and all of to California by Meany for three umon-ousting attltude tney May the example of Juan American government un- the people in Yemen for months this summer. have taken toward UFWA,.- de la Cruz be a guide in justly. what has been done: 3. There were 500 at the rally, Fach of us must be con- these treacherous times. a We want you to prepare all I thank you also for your and nearly 300 of these marched. stantly aware of the fact that man eevoteed to the union procedure of his case until wonderful'letter and I hope We got extensive TV and press, the Teamsters are not about until the very day he died. we can do it ourself: that you will not let my son's coverage and quite a few people to capitulate on any front, and En solidaridad: Mohsin Daifulla death to be a loss. for the picket lines out of the now they are even trying to William B. Perkins Musidah Ahmed (mother) Very tr,uly yours: rally. Also the number of peo­ stop us from feeding our L.A. Food Drive Mohsin Daifulla ple coming to shop at that par­ ticular store sharply decreased as a direct result of that march. r.milir«".ii:2=«.:_"'~<'''':'':''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''':::«''''''';'';:";'"''':;'''''''''*:<':':':':':':':'':'''';:::'''''<'''~'''''I Viva la Causa! Sam Baca Lettuce workers ask Union help

To the Farm Workers Union, presided by Cesar Ch:fvez: I I We direct ourselves to this :~l ~I honorable organization in order to request your intervention, if possible of Chavez himself, to save all of us farm workers who sell our labor in the lettuce har­ vest in the area of Firebaugh. Ca. They treat us worse than they did under piece-work, worse than they did last year. The machines, without pausing, keep up their long march during tIJe work hours, controlled by the strongbosses by merely a move­ ment of the hands. We are all hurt by the few large landowners who are hungry with am.bition to enrich themselves from the sweat of the working class. And with sadness we see how we are saved from the lion's claws only to be stuck in the mouth of the wolf. We hope only that we can be

14 Dec el'lber 14, 1973 At the fi rst farm workers constitutional convention Clin;c by Jose "Montoya From all the fields Organized! The other day Of all the farmlands hours in Fresno Of In a giant arena America!! Architectured Culminating That humble To EI MALCRIADO; To reject the poor Farmworkers! Farmworkers! Cesar Chavez Man's awesome task We would like to have the new Of organizing Brought the poor The unorganizable-­ schedule of the RodrigoTerronez The unorganizable Together Now at a convention! Memorial Clinic in your next In large numbers Farmworkers. farmworkers! issue of EL MALCRIADO. And no fancy briefcases Starting the week of December Eighteen hundred delegates Here, no expensive set. Workers of the fields 23, the clinic has new hours and On the convention floor Of Samsonite, here, days oft Alone Or even stylish Botony 500s I The clinic will be open from And a few thousand Saw the familiar, Tuesday through Saturday·- Sun­ More in the Songs, Songs! Weather-beaten days and Mondays at night time Galleries and outside Even of the Faces of yester-grapes tor emergencies only. The poor Floor of decorum Tuesdays and Saturdays open Had come together Singing in defiance Faces from 9 A. M. to 5 P. M. For protection Of Mr. Robert's rules That drag bodies across Wednesdays, Thursday, and The oven valley of Coachella Fridays open from 11 A. M. to Faces Faces 7 P. M. Thousands That have suffered by Union Research Depatment Of Farmworkers From the chaos Organized! Exploitation We will go back to our old Shameful harvests Confident! Un-afraid! And schedule according to our pa­ Deportation From California Grape Grower: tient load or when we get con­ Contemplating This magazine reports on the tracts back. The ratification Faces, boycott: "California table grapes Of • Black, from Florida are meeting pickets in the Paci­ Ester Uranday Article thirty-seven From Coca Cola fic Northwest, happy merchandi­ Terronez Clinic Administrator sers in Kansas City and North Carolina points, and slow going in Boston."

No.\O GUION: RENE G. O. MONTEMAR

OIBUJOS: ROBERTO ALFONSO

From California Farmer: A reader writes: "Yes it"s time for a FARMER to speak ouL.For years he has had to watch and listen as ill-mannered, foul­ mouthed hoodlums of trade unions strut before batteries of TV net­ work micropbones, laying down their ridiculous demands of ma­ nagement." Another reader responds to editor Jack Pickett's call to arms (see Cowpies 2 issues ago): "Hoo­ ray for you! Sign us up as Char­ ter Members of your Pickett's Raiders!"

From L. A. Boycott: Gallo pickets have run into an anti-boycott leaflet which is said to have been written byGallo him­ self: "The people picketing our store are unwilling to abide by Majority rule 'WE believe in the principle of rule by the majority, therefore we are refusing to remove our Gallo wine from the shell...We do not feel that a few troublemakers should be permit­ ted to dictate what we sell or you buy."

51\N t.ilc.oLAS. From the Packer: <:.oRR.VPT JIJO&-£=s \.Vila George Sorn, manager of the labor division of the Florida Fruit and Vegetable Assn., points our:

FL ~1ALCRIADO December 14, 1973 15 LOOK AT THE FARM WORKER CHILDREN PICK ONE TO DIE OF PESTICIDE POISONING 800 workers a year die of pesticide poisoning. (The U. S. Dept. of Labor as quoted in the Wall Street Journal, July 13, 1973.) PICK ONE TO DIE OF TUBERCULOSIS OR ANOTHER IN FECTIOUS DESEASE The tuberculosis and infectious disease rate for fa"m workers is 260% higher than the national average. (U. S. Senate Subcommittee on Migratory Labor) PICK-ONE TO DIE IN AN ON-THE-JOB ACCIDENT The on-the-job accident rate is 300% higher for farm workers. (U. S. Senate Subcommittee on Migratory Labor) PICK THE LUCKY ONE. HE MIGHT LIVE TO BE 49. The average life expectancy for the migrant farm worker is 49. (u.s. Senate Subcommittee on Migratory Labor) OR YOU CAN CHOOSE TO HELP...... BOYCOTT GRAPES! r'"-"""~-~-:::------"""""I------I...... ,....ft. '~"_" '-!'I'lI<"'.'t.:- .,_ .. ,.... __rv. -----

El HAlCIlIAOO is t"Ubllsr.ed·rvpr'l lNO "Ietks. send l"'I(o fo,.. "f,ttl your order u soon n DOSSlblt so UWl 100'11 n~cel.,e your "e"'SlMo~n on tlrIe. BOYCOTT LETTUCE! [ ...ant to help 1;strtt-ull! El 'tAl(AIAI)(l. Send "'E'

_bundle{s) of SO hsuf>s in Frtql1sh.

_bundle{s) of SO I<,sU*S in Sr\olnlSh BOYCOTT GALLO! _bundle(s} of 50 IHues ",It,.. BOYCOTT SAFEWAY! ol,)J:;I::'S~ _ """ ,v",,.der I.", (I'y ,r:I' __ II' f'nchlSlnq ~ C'lK~ BOYCOTT,A&P! '1"".1 '10(,1" (lr If'r to (lolA.t.rPIAllo. o.~. ~lt 1,2 • Yf'ene. C•. 93531

J Os€ F. Cort€z speaks at 'a rneetfngnjn-·seim-i"whereover--:foo"iler-SOns gathered. ~~;:;: Sr. Cortez said, "We can all make this movement stronger bv {wine: door to door to sell El MALCRIADO." Photo: El Solitario 16 EL t1ALCRIJ\D0 December 14,1973