History in by 50 Year Blocks

c1808 c1858 c1908 c1958 c2008 People, The first M!ori visits First Premier of New Zealand New Zealand self-governing NZ Security Service Kyoto Protocol (2002) Governance & England (1806) (1856) (1907) (1956) New Zealand ratifies the Ethics Te Manga arrives in Henry Sewell is appointed as the New Zealand changes from The NZ Security Service Kyoto Protocol. London. He is the first first Premier of New Zealand (His being a colony if Great Britain (later renamed Intelligence Maori known to visit support of centralism, over the to become a self-governing Service – NZSIS) is England. provinces, was unpopular with the dominion. (The first issue of established to collect strong provincial following in the Wellington’s Dominion is information and protect House. This made it impossible for published on the same day). NZ from acts of him to successfully lead the espionage, sabotage and government and his ministry only subversion. lasted a fortnight). Islands incorporated with Western Samoa becomes NZ (1901) independent (1962) The Cook Islands and Niue are formally incorporated Cook Islands gains self- within New Zealand. governance (1965) Cook Islanders gain self- government but retain New Zealand citizenship. Prohibition of The New Zealand Settlements Act Tohunga Suppression Act Last hanging in NZ Population over 4 removal of M!ori is passed (1863) (1907) (1957) million (2003) (1805) The Act allows for the confiscation The Tohunga Suppression Act Walter Bolton is hanged Population reaches past In this year, Governor of all land (raupatu), without is passed. for poisoning his wife. 4million. King of New South compensation for all North Island (At the instigation of Maui This is the last hanging in Wales issues in order tribes said to be acting against Pomare. Pomare also helped New Zealand. prohibiting the the Crown. This was particularly establish two Royal removal of Maori useful for the colonial government Commissions dealing with from NZ. (In previous in the Waikato and Taranaki areas M!ori land grievances) years, several Maori where the Land Wars were the most had been kidnapped & intense. New European settlers were taken overseas) given confiscated the land. By December 1864, 1.2 million acres of M!ori land had been confiscated under the Act.

Source: Sustainable Future c1808 c1858 c1908 c1958 c2008 First Pakeha (1806) North and South stays together 1 Million people (1908) NZRFU announces no Seabed and Foreshore First Pakeha women to (1865) The New Zealand population Maori will be selected Agreement (2004) arrive in New Zealand A parliamentary motion to reaches 1 million. (At this time (1959) The Seabed and were Kathleen politically separate the North and 10% of the population resided The NZRFU announces Foreshore Bill is passed, Hagerty and Charlotte South Islands is defeated by 31 in Auckland and more than no Maori will be selected making all land up to the Edgar, both escaped votes to 17. 50% were in cities. This for the South African tour high tide mark property convicts from New raised concerns about in 1960. In spite of a of the Crown. South Whales economic sustainability and petition with 100,000 (Both the passing of the the quality of lifestyle in the signatures, the Labour Bill and the process with new urban areas) Government refuses to which the government stop the tour. went about it, greatly upsets large numbers of M!ori, causing a huge hikoi to march to Parliament and sparking the formation of the M!ori Party.) Land wars begin (1860) Waterside workers strike Maori Language (1950s) Civil Unions Act (2004) The land wars begin when British (1913) M!ori urban migration The Civil Unions Act is regulars and Taranaki volunteers Nationwide strikes by continues. M!ori families passed, creating the clash with Taranaki and Ngati waterside workers begin, are 'pepper-potted' in institution of the civil Ruanui forces at Waireka pa in threatening the national predominantly non-M!ori union, is open to hetero Taranaki. (these wars continued for economy. The government suburbs, preventing the and homosexual about 10 years). uses special constables, reproduction of M!ori couples. nicknamed ‘Massey’s community and speech cossacks’ to help break the patterns. M!ori families strike. choose to speak English, (This leads to a series of and M!ori children are clashes between government raised as English speakers. 'specials' and workers and the http://www.tetaurawhiri.g occupation of Auckland ovt.nz/english/issues_e/his wharves by over a thousand t/index.shtml farmers. The strike ends on 20th December)

Source: Sustainable Future c1808 c1858 c1908 c1958 c2008 Land wars begin (1860) Waterside workers strike Civil Unions Act (2004) The land wars begin when British (1913) The Civil Unions Act is regulars and Taranaki volunteers Nationwide strikes by passed, creating the clash with Taranaki and Ngati waterside workers begin, institution of the civil Ruanui forces at Waireka pa in threatening the national union, is open to hetero Taranaki. (these wars continued for economy. The government and homosexual about 10 years). uses special constables, couples. nicknamed ‘Massey’s cossacks’ to help break the strike. (This leads to a series of clashes between government 'specials' and workers and the occupation of Auckland wharves by over a thousand farmers. The strike ends on 20th December)

M!ori seats established (1867) jailed (1917) Smoking in the Four Maori seats are established in Peter Fraser, future Prime workplace is banned Parliament, with only adult Maori Minister of NZ, is found (2004) males able to vote for them. guilty of sedition for making (this gave Maori men universal an anti-conscription speech suffrage, 12 years before European and is sentenced to 12 months men in NZ. They were the first in jail. (He became Prime indigenous people to vote in a Minister in 1940, during European-governed country). World War2) More Europeans than M!ori Waitangi Tribunal (1858) (2005) This is the first year in which the The government places census records that the settlers of a deadline on claims European origin outnumber Maori to the Waitangi Tribunal in NZ. by 2008, and settlement on all claims by 2020.

Source: Sustainable Future c1808 c1858 c1908 c1958 c2008 King Potatau I (1858) Carbon Tax (2005) Te Wherowhero is crowned as The Labour government Potatau I, the first Maori King, in a abandons the proposed ceremony at Ngaruawahia. (His carbon tax. kingdom was a loose federation of tribes, united in their resolution to not sell any more land) Unjust land sale at Waitara (1860) Governor condones unjust land sale at Waitara and ignites the first battles of the New Zealand Wars that last through most of the decade.

First Newspapers (1861-1863) First daily newspaper, Otago Daily Times, is published, edited by .

Auckland’s NZ Herald is first published. Influenza Epidemic (1852-1853) An influenza epidemic broke out in New Zealand. Biology First grape vines Butter and cheese exported (1847) Stock Act (1908) First shipment of Beef Fonterra Cooperative Biodiversity/ planted (1819) The first shipment of butter and The Stock Act was passed to cattle (1958) Group (2001) Ecosystem In this year, grape cheese is sent from the South Island control and prevent infectious The first shipment of beef The Fonterra vines are first planted to Australia. diseases in stock cattle to the United States Cooperative Group is in NZ, at Kerikeri leaves the country. formed by its 11 600 dairy farmer owners, becoming the world's largest dairy exporter.

Source: Sustainable Future

c1808 c1858 c1908 c1958 c2008 Seal exports begin Australian Opossum Released Chinese Gooseberry The Varroa Bee (2006) (1805) (1858) (1959) The Varroa bee mite is The first Australian opossum is Turners and Growers found in the South released at Riverton in Southland. announce that the Chinese Island for the first time, gooseberry, grown in New threatening the regions Zealand since 1904, would honey production. now be exported as the kiwifruit. NZ’s First Mouse (1862) End of Whaling (1964) The first mouse is seen on the New Zealander Trevor shores of Lake Wakatipu. Norton harpooned the last whale killed from a NZ and the last whaling station in NZ is closed.

Geology Land/ Brunner discovers coal (1848) Scott Base established Coal Mine at Happy Minerals Thomas Brunner discovers coal on (1957) Valley (2005) the West Coast. Subsequently, the Scott Base is established The Environment Court field was named after him. in the Antarctic (Sir rules that Solid Energy Edmund Hillary was the can proceed with a coal first base commander) mine at Happy Valley, West Coast, resulting in continued protests and the relocation of hundreds of endangered endemic Powelliphanta snails.

Source: Sustainable Future

c1808 c1858 c1908 c1958 c2008 Gold discovered (1852) South Pole reached The first payable gold in NZ is (1958) discovered at Driving Creek in the Sir Edmund Hillary leads Corromandel by Charles Ring. a team to successfully When news of this published, NZ’s reach the South Pole using first gold rush begins. (This first modified tractors. (It was gold rush only lasted about 3 the first land team to months). reach the Pole since the ill-fated Scott expedition in 1912) West Coast gold rush (1865) Antarctic Treaty (1959) The West Coast gold rush begins. The Antarctic Treaty is Many Australian miners arrive over signed by NZ and 11 other the next two years. (This gold rush nations. The treaty bans lasted for about 3 years). military activity, stops territorial clams and preserves Antarctica for scientific research. Oil is Discovered (1866) Marsden Point Oil Oil is discovered at Moturoa, near Refinery (1964) New Plymouth. The Marsden Point Oil Shipment of Phosphate (1867) Refinery near Whangarei The first imported shipment of opens. phosphate (450 tonnes of guano) arrives. First Shipment of Coal (1864) The first shipment of coal was made from the West Coast. Technology Gas Lamps (1863) Movies begin (1908) Open heart surgery Improving Broadband Gas lamps are first lit in the streets NZ’s first permanent moving (1958) (2006) of Dunedin. picture show is established at Brain Barratt-Boyes The government (Two years passed before Auckland His Majesty’s Theatre, performs the first open announces that Telecom has gaslight in 1865. The capital, Wellington. heart surgery in NZ using must 'unbundle' local Wellington, did not get gas until a heart-lung bypass loop services to help 1871). machine. improve broadband uptake.

Source: Sustainable Future

c1808 c1858 c1908 c1958 c2008 Telegraph Cable (1866) Rutherford’s Nobel Prize Wairakei Power Station The first telegraph cable is laid (1908) (1958) across Cook Strait. Physicist Ernest Rutherford Wairakei geothermal gains the Nobel Prize in power station begins Chemistry for his commercial power investigations into the production. disintegration of the elements (It was the world’s second and the chemistry of geothermal power radioactive substances. (He station). successfully ‘split the atom’ a few years later) First Electric Telegraph Line Wireless Telegraphy (1908) TV (1960) (1862) The first public demonstration Regular television First electric telegraph line opens – of wireless telegraphy, by two broadcasts begin in NZ, from to Lyttelton. Dunedin school boys, Stanton starting in Auckland. Hicks and Rawson Stack. Infrastructure First steamship (1851) First flight in NZ (1903) First Holden (1957) Overlander Service Governor Wynyard, the first Richard Pearse makes the first The first New Zealand (2006) steamship built in NZ, is launched powered flight in New Holden was produced by The Overlander train in Auckland. Zealand, and possibly the first General Motors service between in the world. (This was Wellington and possibly about 9 months Auckland, due to be before the Wright brothers. axed, gets a last minute There is disagreement over reprieve. this date – Pearse’s first flight may have occurred one year before or after this) Lyttelton-Christchurch rail Main trunk completed tunnel (1860) (1908) Work begins on the Lyttelton- The Auckland-Wellington Christchurch rail tunnel. main trunk railway line is completed.

Source: Sustainable Future c1808 c1858 c1908 c1958 c2008 Steam Train (1863) Graton Bridge (1910) The first steam train service opens Grafton Bridge, Auckland, from Christchurch to Ferrymead. opens. It is the largest single span concrete bridge in the world. Overseas borrowing to finance First car journey along the infrastructure (1868) centre route (1912) Colonial Treasurer Julius Vogel The first car journey along the announces a programme of massive 'centre route' between overseas borrowing to finance Wellington and Auckland immigration and infrastructure commences. (railways, ports and telegraphs) First Meat Exporting Freezing Works (1881) New Zealand's first Meat Export Freezing Works were established by the New Zealand Refrigerating Company at Burnside, near Dunedin in 1881.

Source: Sustainable Future