FEASIBILITY STUDY Contract No: C21156/ECWC-2010-01-01
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REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA APA CANAL CHISINAU CHISINAU WATER SUPPLY & SEWAGE TREATMENT - FEASIBILITY STUDY Contract No: C21156/ECWC-2010-01-01 Environmental Impact Assessment May 2012 A Subsidiary of In association with and and EU Neighbourhood Investment Facility Moldova: Chisinau Water Supply & Sewage Treatment - Feasibility Study Phase B Report - EIA ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ACC Apa Canal Chisinau AP Affected Persons BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand (5 days unless otherwise stated) CAPEX Capital Expenses CAS Conventional Activated Sludge CHP Combined Heat and Power COD Chemical Oxygen Demand dBA Decibel A DO Dissolved Oxygen DW Drinking Water DWTP Drinking Water Treatment Plant EAP Environmental Action Plan (task force of OECD) EBRD European Bank for Reconstruction and Development EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ESSO Environmental and Safety Supervision Officer EU European Union GHG Greenhouse Gases GU Grievance Unit IEEP Institute for European Environmental Policy KN Kjeldahl Nitrogen LEP Law of Environmental Protection MAC Maximum Allowable Concentration MoE Ministry of Environment MoH Ministry of Healthcare NH4 Ammonium NO2 Nitrite NO3 Nitrate OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OPEX Operation Expenses PE People Equivalent PIP Prioritary Investment Programme POP Persistent Organic Pollutants PPE Personnel Protection Equipment SEA Strategic Environmental Assessment SEHSO Site Environment Health and Safety Officer SEI State Ecological Inspectorate SGA State Geological Agency SHMS State Hydro-Meteorological Service TDS Total Dissolved Solids TN Total Nitrogen ToR Terms of Reference TP Total Phosphorus TS Total Solids TSS Total Suspended Solids UN United Nations VS Volatile Solids VSS Volatile Suspended Solids WHO World Health Organ,isation WW Wastewater WWTP Wastewater Treatment Plant May2012 BCI - Seureca - Ingineria Apelor i Moldova: Chisinau Water Supply & Sewage Treatment - Feasibility Study Phase B Report - EIA TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ............................................................................................................................ I TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................................................................. II 1. OPERATIONAL CONTEXT ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1. STUDY BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2. LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK ............................................................................................................. 2 1.2.1. Environmental Institutional Framework .................................................................................................. 2 1.2.2. Legislative Framework of the Water Cycle ............................................................................................ 3 1.2.3. Environmental Assessment Framework ................................................................................................ 7 1.2.4. Future Trends: Approximation with EU Environmental Acquis ............................................................ 10 1.2.5. Applicable Standards for Fresh Water Quality ..................................................................................... 11 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PRORITY INVESTMENT PROGRAMME ............................................................. 14 3. EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ................................................... 21 3.1. CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ..................................................................................................................................... 21 3.2. GEOLOGY AND LANDSCAPE .............................................................................................................................. 22 3.3. HYDROGEOLOGY AND GROUNDWATER QUALITY ................................................................................................ 22 3.3.1. Shallow Grounwater............................................................................................................................. 22 3.3.2. Deep Groundwater............................................................................................................................... 23 3.4. RIVERS AND SURFACE WATER QUALITY ............................................................................................................ 23 3.4.1. River Network and Catchment Basins of the Study Area .................................................................... 23 3.4.2. Bic River............................................................................................................................................... 24 3.4.3. Dniester River ...................................................................................................................................... 30 3.5. ECOLOGY AND BIOTIC RESOURCES ................................................................................................................... 31 3.6. AIR QUALITY .................................................................................................................................................... 32 3.7. NOISE ............................................................................................................................................................. 33 3.8. GROUND CONDITIONS ...................................................................................................................................... 33 3.8.1. General conditions ............................................................................................................................... 33 3.9. SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL ISSUES ......................................................................................................... 34 3.9.1. Employment, Income and Standards of Leaving ................................................................................. 34 3.9.2. Public Health Concerns ....................................................................................................................... 34 3.9.3. Architectural and Cultural Issues ......................................................................................................... 36 3.10. LAND USE AND SETTLEMENT PATTERNS ............................................................................................................. 37 4. EXPECTED POSITIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE PIP IMPLEMENTATION ......................... 38 4.1. DURING THE CONSTRUCTION STAGE ................................................................................................................ 38 4.2. DURING THE OPERATION STAGE ...................................................................................................................... 38 5. EXPECTED NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE PIP IMPLEMENTATION ....................... 41 5.1. ENVIRONMENTAL TYPOLOGY AND SCOPING OF PIP PROJECTS .......................................................................... 41 May2012 BCI - Seureca - Ingineria Apelor ii Moldova: Chisinau Water Supply & Sewage Treatment - Feasibility Study Phase B Report - EIA 5.2. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE ............................................................................ 47 5.2.2. During Operation Stage ....................................................................................................................... 50 6. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ................................................................................................. 53 6.1. PROPOSED MITIGATION MEASURES .................................................................................................................. 53 6.1.1. The Different Categories of Mitigation Measures................................................................................. 53 6.1.2. Final Design Considerations ................................................................................................................ 53 6.1.3. Environmental Requirements for Contractors and Supervisors ........................................................... 54 6.1.4. Additional Environmental Works .......................................................................................................... 56 6.1.5. Accompanying and Soft Measures ...................................................................................................... 59 6.1.6. Environmental Enhancement Measures for the Middle-Term.............................................................. 60 6.2. INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS ....................................................................................................................... 60 6.2.1. Environmental Responsibility and Tasks of ACC................................................................................. 60 6.2.2. Responsibility and tasks the Supervision Consultant .......................................................................... 61 6.2.3. Responsibility and tasks of the Contractor .......................................................................................... 61 6.2.4. Grievance Redress Mechanism ........................................................................................................... 62 6.3. ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION PLAN .................................................................................................................