Septembe1· 26, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30621 the Senate stand in recess until 11 a.m. James R. Laffoon, of California, to be U.S. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk marshal for the southern district of Cali will call the roll. · on Monday next. fornia. for the term of 4 years. The second a.Ss1Stant legislative clerk The motion was agreed to; ·and at 4:29 p.m. the Senate recessed until Monday, FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION proceeded to can tile roll. Abbott Washburn, of the District of Co Mr. GLENN. Mr. President, I ask September 29, 1975, at 11 a.1!1. lumbia, to be a member of the Federal Com unanimous consent that the order for municatiorui CommisSion for a term of 7 the quorum call be rescinded. years from July 1, 1975. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without CONFffiMATIONS LIBRARY OF CONGRESS objection, it is so ordered. Executive nominations confirmed by Daniel J. Boorstin, of the District of Co lumbia, to be Librarian of Congress. the Senate September 26, 1975: (The above nominations were approved RECESS UNTIL 11 A.M. ON MONDAY, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE subject to the nominees' commitments to re SEPTEMBER 29, 1975 E. Edward Johnson, of Kansas, to be U.S. spond to requests to appear and test ify be Mr. GLENN. Mr. President, I move, in attorney for the District of Kansas, for the fore any d1.1ly constit uted commtttee of the accordance with the previous order, that term of 4 years. Senate.)
EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS
UNITED STATES-LATIN AMERICAN conditlon of United States-Latin American the history of United St ates relations, since relations. after more than a century of policies de RELATIONS IN THE CHANGING To be sure, the present deterioration in signed to supporting the stat us quo, the MIDSEVENTIES U.S.-Latin American relations began more U.S. was now admitting the necessity of than three decades ago, when at the end of alleviating the problems of economic de the Second World War the United States velopment, of dictatorship, and of social HON WILLIAM LEHMAN shif ted its · attention from the Southern justice. OF FLORIDA Hemisphere to Europe and Asia. Latin Amer The Cuban Revolution was the event that IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES foa's resentment at this shift, and other compelled this reorientation of U.S. policy. asp·ects of United States wartime policy had For the first time in history the Latin Thursday, September 25, 1975 become apparent even before the war ended. Americans were being offered an alternative. Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, a very United States policy makers were divided Cuba, with the support of the Soviet bloc, eminent constituent of mine, Dr. Ione over the issue o:t: regionalism versus global engaged itself in an experiment to achieve ism. Contrary to what many expected at the social modernization and economic develop s. Wright, contacted me not long ago. time. the United States decided at the 1945 ment by applying the Communist world's Dr. Wright and her late husband, Victor San Francisco Conference not to scuttle the model. With the Alliance for Progress the Wright, were pioneers in many ways; Inter-American system, and the regional ar United States sought to demonstrate that the they came to the Miami area in 1914- rangement emerged almost intact, neatly same ends were attainable through peace and Dr. Wright has lived in my district meshed with the world organization. The ful means and within democratic molds. The far longer than the district it3elf has strengthening of the regional system con outcome was that the cold war was linked existed-and Vic Wright was one of the tinued with the Rio Treaty of Reciprocal As to the problem of underdevelopment and original Pan American pilots in the sistance in 1947 and the adoption of the Latin America became the scene of a new is Charter of the Organization of American competitive encounter between East and Caribbean. Dr. lone Wright a highly Srntes at Bogota the following year. West.1 regarded scholar. She is now professor But, ironically, the construction of a legal Early highlights in this contest were the emeritus of Latin American history at framework designed to strength-en the hemis ill-conceived and incredibly mismanaged Bay the University of Miami, where, as pro pheric system came at a time when con of Pigs invasion of Cuba in 1960, the Soviet fessor, she edited the Journal of Inter flict and friction also became acute. Fear missile crisis of 1962 which brought the two American Studies and World AffaiTs. and distrust of the northern giant, seemingly superpowers to the brink of war, t he impo The reason for my welcome contact dormant during F. D. Roosevelt's era of the sition of the OAS economic blockade against with Dr. Wright is an address given at "Good Neighbor" we1·e reawakened by the Cuba in 1964, and the United States military United States' obvious disinterest in Latin intervention in the Dominican Republic in the Southeastern Conference on Latin America's economic aspirations and apparent 1965. These events, particularly the Domini American Studies in Atlanta, in April total lack of understanding of the emotional can episode, indicated the determination of 1975, by Dr. Federico G. Gil. Dr. Wright impact of development. As if this were not the United States to emphasize the military feels, and, on 1·eading the address, I con enough, there developed during the same aspects in its policy toward Communism in cur, that this address will be of great period an increasing erosion of orderly demo the western hemisphere, even at the price of Yalue to my colleagues and that it should cratic processes in Latin America coupled further deterioration in relations with Latin be made available to them. with a renewal of the United States' chronic America. Dr. Gil, whose full biography appears inclination to give preferred attention to At the close of the decade of the 1960s it in the National Directory of Latin Amer authoritarian regimes. became obvious that, despite some genuine With the advent of the Cold War things achievements of the Alliance for Progress in icanists, has had a long and distinguish went from bad to worse. John Foster Dulles' some areas, economic and social development ed career in political science and Latin disastrous Latin American policy led in 1954 in Latin America had proceeded far more American studies. He has served both to the Guatemalan intervention, an episode slowly than had been anticipated. Disillu academe and government in a variety which inflicted a dama.ging blow to U.S. sionment, cynicism, frustration, and even re of roles, and is now the director of the prestige. After the ill-fated tour of Vice sentment gave rise to bitter criticisms by Institute of Latin American Studies and President Nixon in 1958 and the issuance of Latin Americans and North Americans alike. Kennan Professor of Political Science at the Eisenhower Report there began a pro The goals of the Alliance were not achieved tracted reexamination of U.S. attitudes and for a variety of reasons: the failure to pre the University of North Carolina. sent it to the people as it has been originally Because of its length, Dr. Gil's paper, policies. The only positive result of this re appraisal was the establishment of the conceived, that is, as a multilateral coopera entitled "United States-Latin American Inter-American Development Bank in 1960. tive effort and not as a conventional aid Relations in the Changing Mid-Seven The shift in policies became clearer with the program; the unrelenting opposition of Latin ties" will be printed on five successive advent of John F. Kennedy's administration American conservative oligarchic forces to days in the RECORD; nevertheless, I would and the subsequent much-heralded launch accept basic reforms; the absence of an ide urge my colleagues to give it their full ing of the Alliance for Progress. The Alliance ological content or mystique capable of at was presented, in somewhat extravagant tracting popular participation; and, above attention. all, the lack of realism in setting its ob The section printed today deals with terms, as a truly i·evolutionary program de signed to provide radical and speedy solu jectives. To erase the idea that this was a history and background in United tions to all of Latin America's social and U.S. give-away program it should be noted States-Latin American relations: economic ailments. · that the United States role in the Alliance UNITED STATES-LATIN .Al\IERICAN RELATIONS In reality, 1'ar from being revolutionary, it was a relatively minor one. The fact is that IN THE CHANGING Mm-1970's was a reformist, gradualist formula. being Uncertainty, frustration, dismay, and out offered as a solution to col.mtries which were i Federico G. Gil, Latin Amer-lean-United rage are words which set the tone for this undergoing deep-seated radical change. It States Relations (New York: Harcourt, B1·ace rat her disheartening report on the present was. nevertheless, a major turning point in Jovanovic, Inc., 1971), pp. 227-29. 30622 - - EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1975 by 1968 U.S. government loans under the Alli the whole POW-MIA question. _I am President of the United States. He also ance accounted for only 6.7 percent of the pleased that a committee has been es founded the University of Virginia. total $115 billion Latin America had invested tablished and given the powers needed We believe this tribute to Thomas Jeffer in development.2 son is the most meaningful and appropriate The long series of studies of Latin Ameri to conduct a really sweeping and thor ough inquiry. honor that can be bestowed by a grateful ca's socio-economic conditions undertaken people during this Bicentennial Year of 1976. after the establishment of the Alliance con It goes without saying that, had I been tinued to depict a region beleaguered by the present I would have added my vote and Mr. Speaker, the significant role of same problems. The extremes of widespread my wholehearted support for the resolu Thomas Jefferson in the establishment poverty and human misery, a sluggish gl'owth tion. of our free and independent Nation is rate and constantly rising unemployment, increasing foreign debts, adverse interna Mr. Speaker, I would like to express my unsurpassed in the annals of our his tional trade policies, and low agricultlu·al sincere admiration for the efforts of our tory. His multiple talents and his serv production apparently have not been altered colleague and my friend, G. V. "SONNY" ice in numeroils important public offices substantially in the last decade and a half. MONTGOMERY of Mississippi, who has are further reasons why this great The Nixon administration made no serious worked so hard as one of the leading American should be accorded -special efforts to revitalize the Alliance even though congressional spokesman for the cause recognition, which could be provided Nixon, during the 1968 electoral campaign of POW and MIA families. His selection through designation of a national legal had perfunctorily spoken of the need of a "sweeping reevaluation" of the Alliance. In as chairman of the new committee is the holiday or day of special observance in spite of the Rockefeller Report and of Presi best possible assurance that the job will his honor. dent Nixon's acknowledgement in hi.s "State be carried out. His untiring leadership in Mr. Speaker, the calendar birth date of of the World" address on February 18, 1970 the fight for a complete POW-MIA ac Thomas Jefferson is April 13. Jefferson that "a new spirit and a new approach" were counting has been an inspiration, and I was born on April 13, 1743, in what. is needed in U.S. policy toward Latin America, know that his experience and deep per now Albemarle County, Va. In recogni there was no evidence to indicate that the sonal concern will enable him to do this tion of the Monday holiday concept, and administration had any intentions of dealing hard job and do it well. realizing that more appropriate pro seriously with the problems besetting hemi grams for celebrating the birthday of spheric relations. In keeping with the characteristic style of Jefferson would be made possible through the period, the promises and high-sounding the designation-:-as a nationai legal holi phrases which abounded in Nixon's "Action ELGIN COMMUNITY COLLEGE BI day or day of special ..:>bservance-the for Progress" plan for Latin America were CENTENNIAL PROJECT HONORS second Monday in April as Jefferson's aimed simply at gaining a breathing spell in THOMAS JEFFERSON birthday, I am today offering a measure hemispheric affairs. Only one thing seemed to that effect. clear: the United States government was no Mr. Speaker, this proposed legislation longer concerned with the social reforms so essential to the Alliance for Progress. Many HON. ROBERT McCLORY is a principal project of the Elgin Com of the promises now being made depended on OF ILLINOIS munity College Bicentennial Commis action by the United States Congress and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sion. It is a project. with which I fully President Nixon was not inclined to show any concur and which I hope will be imple strong advocacy for Latin American aid leg Thu,rsday, September 25, i975 mented by favorable action on the meas islation. Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, one of ure which I am offering in alternate The truth seemed to have been that by the most creative and inspired organiza form, copies of which are attached to the time the 1972 election was held, to be fol tions to receive Bicentennial designation and made a part of these remarks: lowed by the Watergate scandal, the Nixon administration had not yet decided how to is the one established at Elgin Com H.J . RES. 670 deal with Latin America. Latin America was munity College in Elgin, Ill., which has Joint resolution to designate April 13, 1976, once again abandoned while the attention been designated as a Bicentennial Col as "Thomas Jefferson Day" focused on Indochina, on detente with the lege for 1976. Resolved by the Senate and House of SoViet Union and China, and on peremptory The Elgin Community College Bicen Representatives of the United Stat es of political problems at home. tennial Commission, comprised of Carole America in Congress assembled, That · April Ackemann, chairman, Dennis Sientko, 13, 1976, the birthday of Thomru; Jefferson. cochairman-and its Jefferson project is designated a.s "Thomas Jefferson Day", and PASSAGE OF HOUSE RESOLUTION chairman, Virginia Kammerer-has de the President is authorized and requested 335 WILL BRING HOPE TO FAM to issue a proclamation calling for the ob$erv veloped a proposal that Thomas Jeffer ance of such day with appropriat e cere ILIES OF POW'S son, third President of the United States, monies and activitie . and the principal author of the Declara tion of Independence, should be com HON. J. HERBERT BURKE H .R. 9858 OF FLORIDA memorated by designating as a national legal holiday or day of special observance A bill to amend title 5, United Stat es Code, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the second Monda.yin April as Jefferson's to make Thomas Jefferson's birthday a Friday, September 26, 1975 birthday. legal public h oliday Be it enacted by t he Senate and House· of Mr. BURKE of Florida. Mr. Speaker, Mr. Speaker, in connection with Representatives of the United States of the House voted overwhelmingly on Sep its recommendation, the Elgin Com America in Congress a.ssembled, That section tember 11, to pass House Resolution 335, munity College Bicentennial Commission 6103(b) of title 5, United States Code, re which I am happy to have been a co adopted the fallowing proposal: lating to legal p u blic holidays, is amended sponsor. House Resolution 335 will create We, the Bicentennial Commission of Elgin by inserting immediately below- a select committee of the House to in Community College, wish to propose that the "Washington's Birthday, the third Mon day in February." vestigate the plight of American military United States of America pay t ribute to the following: Thomas Jefferson during the Bicentennial and civil personnel still missing in action "Jefferson's Birthday, t he second ~Ion day in Southeast Asia, I regrettably missed Year of 1976 by enacting legislat ion that in April.". the opportunity to vote for this measure, would ensure recognition of Jefferson's birth I was excused from being present because d ate and request that April 13 be designated of being appointed as a congressional as a day of special observance.* . Thomas Jefferson, as the author of t he SENSE OF SHAME HAS BEEN LOST delegate to the 62d Inter-Parliamentary Declarat ion of Independence, not only gave Union Conference in London. expressiori to the ideals on which this nation I want to reitei·ate for the record how was founded but was able to translate those HON. BUD SHUSTER ever, my strong support for the resolu Ideals irito practical t erms. He became Gov OF PEN N SYLVANIA tion. I was proud to be one of the pro ernor of Virginia,· America's Ambassador to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES posal's many cosponsors because, like all France, Washington's Secret ary of St ate, of my colleagues, I am acutely conscious ViCe-Presiden t under Adams, and t he t hird Friday, September 26, 1975 of the great human tragedy involved in Mr. SHUSTER. Mr. Speaker, a ve1;y *Changed from n ational holiday t o day of thoughtful editorial dealing with the val · :i Pan American Union Brief s, Vol. 9, No. 11, special observance. This would be an on going ues of our times appeared in the Altoona November 1968. obsen·ance. Mirror of September 23, 1975. Septe·mbe't 26, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30623 the same responsibility :t:or managing public I commend it to my colleagues for Under the act, local sanitary districts monies as we have. The paradox is that the their consideration: receiving Fedetal water pollution control implementation of PUblic Law 92-500 with SENSE OF SHAME HAS BEEN LOST funds are required to institute and main respect to User Charges requires a non-pro The woinan who tried -to assassinate the tain a system of monetary contributions ductive use of local funds, and that this President of the United Statea has been of from system users that reflects the indi expenditure will have no impact whatso fered $1,000 for book rights to her story, vidual user's actual usage and generates ever on the efforts to clean up our waters. a news account reports, and Hollywood film enough funds to insure the financial self The District has been in existence since figures are said to be interested in putting sufficiency of the system. According to 1889. Thus, for 86 years, our revenue-ad up $350,000 ball and negotiating with her for the Environmental Protection Agency, valorem taxes--has funded the development film rights. of the largest and most efficient treatment Her former roommate who, apparently fol which administers the act, the Metro system in the world. The District has-in lowing their delusions over their latest cause, politan Sanitary District's revenue sys today's dollars-physical installations valued ecology, has threatened death to throngs of tem of progressive ad valorem taxes does in excess of $4 bllllon. Everyday, 1.4 bllUon American political leaders and industrialists not satisfy this requirement. gallons of sewage receives at lea.st secondary for "polluting the earth, air and water." The EPA determination, which ignores treatment. This quantity represents the They probably compiled their lists from over 80 years of fair and efficient oper wastes of 5.5 million people and over 11,000 state government manuals, available in any ation, would force the Sanitary District industries. In 1967, the District embarked public library, where industrial directories to install water meters in the homes and upon a $3-5 billion capital program-fully would have provided the names of the indus realizing the commitment of local :financial trialists they have "put the finger on." places of business of over 35,000 users resources necessary to achieve the objectives Patty Hearst, center of one of the na at a cost of $70 to $100 million. Not only of the program-the same objectives as Pub tion's biggest kidnap stories and hunts, is will the district have these added capi lic Law 92-500. shown after her capture, smiling broadly tal costs, but it also will have to shoulder The District has demonstrated to the and holding up the clenched fist of the new an additional $5 million in billing ex USEPA financial integrity; the dedication of revolutionary. penses, meter reading costs and the like. its revenues to eliminate water pollution; and The Manson murder case of several years And what will be the results? The wa its relatively equitable method of obtaining ago, which involved Lynette Fromme and funds from tlie users of the system. her roommate as followers of the drug cultist ter will not be clearer, the service bet As stated before, there has been an adverse and convicted murderer Charles Manson, was ter or the charges lower. The only re decision from the Comptroller General dis of such a vicious, mad nature that it seems sult will be a bureaucrat's sense of allowing this form of revenue production. incredible that all associated with him had equity-everybody will be paying more This opinion, if maintained, will require the not been either sent for treatment or kept for less service. establishment of a billing system with pe under surveillance. I urge my colleagues, particularly those riodic (quarterly) bills to over 1.3 million But the most disturbing thing of all is the who serve on the Water Resources Sub users. The cost of establishing such a system shamelessness with which Americans are committee, to carefully read Mr. Melas's has been estimated to be in excess of $1 mil treating this and other vicious crimes. lion. The annual billing costs are estimated Bizarre crimes are not new, or even pecu testimony and to support amendment to to be $6 million. These costs represent an liar to our modern society. But what is new the Pollution Control Act that will per approximate 7 % increase in our annual is the alarming equanimity and total lack mit the Metropolitan Sanitary District budget but will not improve the quality of of shame with which this kind of news ap and districts with similar revenue · sys .. our waters one iota. parently is received in America today. terns to continue to provide efficient, low The current system of ad valorem taxes will This seems to us to be another strong indi cost service. have to be maintained to provide for capital cator of the waning spiritual strength of the improvements and to fund other functions of nation-the dwindling capacity for shame. TESTIMONY OF NICHOLAS J. MELAS, PRESIDENT OF THE METROPOLITAN SANITARY DISTRICT OF the District. Thus, for a large sum of money, The Rev. Billy Graham, some time ago, in a we will establish and maintain two systems sermon quoted his friend, John Steinbeck, GREATER CHICAGO to accomplish what the single system now as saying the only thing that could save Mr. Chairman, Members of the Subcommit achieves. America would be "a catastrophe." tee, Ladies and Gentlemen: My name is Nich Locally, elected officials, such as the Board "The supreme crisis that confronts us," olas J. Melas, and I am President of and rep of Trustees of the Metropolitan Sanitary sa.ld Rev. Graham, "is neither political nor resenting the Board of Trustees of The Met District, will bear the brunt of the public economic. It is moral and sptrttual. And the ropolitan Sanitary District of Greater Chi uproar over this inefficient and unproductive spiritual problem is an individual o~e." cago. use of their monies. No more· arguments can The annals of the "Riotous Twenties" show The Metropolitan Sanitary District of be made to justify an untenable position heinous crime. They also show a people with Greater Chicago has consistently supported other than to say "Blame it on Congress!" a ce>nscience, with shame. We seem to be los the goals of Public Law 92-500. Any statute We therefore urgently request your correc ing both along the way. as comprehensive and ambitious may, during tion of this unnecessary counter-productive We may feel pity for the Patty Hearsts and implementation, be criticized if the objec use of local and federal funds by, preferably, the Lynette Frommes and the sandra Goods tives are not definitely accomplished accord elimination of the User Charge requirements of our day-but unless we can feel shame ing to the established schedule. This criti or providing for acceptance of existing reve for ourselves and our society which begets cism may take the form of an attack on the nue systems which have produced funds in a them, we are indeed in a bad way. objectives. Such criticism would, we feel, be demonstrably effective and efficient manner. entirely unfair. we believe the objectives Specifically, our system of ad valorem taxes are basically achievable and that progress with appropriate surcharges should be an AMENDMENTS TO THE FEDERAL has been made and will be maintained. We acceptable revenue system under the provi WATER POLLUTION CONTROL ACT recognize the inherent delays which must be sions of the Law. We support the USEPA 1n NEEDED acknowledged by all concerned and support their position that legislative correction of the proposals for modifying schedules which the problems associated with the User Charge apparently cannot be met in all cases. provisions is essential. HON. ABNER J. MIKVA I would like, however, to voice criticism This concludes my statement. I would like OF U..LINOIS constructively-on one aspect of the Law to express my appreciation to the Subcom which we feel is neither essential to, nor mittee on behalf of the Boa.rd of Trustees of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES properly a part of, achieving the stated ob the Sanitary District for your attention and Frfday, September 26, 1975 jectives. That aspect is the requirement for for providing me with the opportunit y to the User Charges contained in Section 204(b). express our views. Mr. MIKVA. Mr. Speaker, I would like My commentary is predicated upon opinions Thank you. to draw my colleagues' attention to the expressed by the Comptroller General which testimony of Mr. Nicholas Melas, presi rejected the statutory interpretation made by dent of the Metropolitan Sanitary Dis the USEPA. That interpretation accepted the trict of Greater Chicago, who appeared use of ad valorem taxes, with appropriate industrial surcharges, as an acceptable sys VICTOR RIESEL TALKS OF FOOD before the House Subcommittee on Wa tem of charges under Section 204(b). STAMP REFORM ter Resources of the Committee on Pub-. As elected officials, we have a responsiblllty lie Works and Transportation in support to our constituents to properly and efficiently ~f amendments to the Federal Water utilize public f·mds in the discharge of our HON. JACK F. KEMP Pollution Control Act. Mr. Melas's testi duties. These expenditures must be solely OF NEW YORK mony, which details the effects of the for the accomplishment of the purposes of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES current law on the Metropolitan Sani the agency we are elected to administer. It fs Friday, September 26, 1915 tary District, is a superb illustration of paradoxical that the District is dedicated to the need for changes ln the Pollution the eam.e objectives as those set forth in Mr. KEMP. Mr. Speaker, few programs Control Act. PUblic Law 92-500 and that Congress has in the history of the United States have 30624 EXTENSIONS OF· REMARKS September 26, 1975 snowballed as rapidly and uncontrollably cells which supply them to communes along ·Without the agricultural production as the food stamp program. Originally with false identities. machine that we have developed, this conceived as a way of putting our ·agri · The enormity of this cynical food stamp thievery-remember, all th1s is in the non week· of national concern would be aca cultural surpluses to use feeding those of welfare sector-so angered President Ford re demic. It is with this thought in n;iind our people most in need, the program has cently that he summoned his cabinet for a that I would like to call to my colleagues' attracted increasing numbers of people special session Aug. 29 to whip its membe1-s attention the role of the farmer as an in who merely find it convenient to live at into a war on this social fraud. :tlation fighter and as an exemplar· of public expense. Only the woru "enormous" can be used to I have been pleased to join as one of describe the thievery. First, know that the efficient production. · the 96 cosponsors of the National Food original Kennedy-er.a. food stamp program The Prairie Farmer has stated well the Stamp Reform Act, which contains 41 started with $36 million. It fed some 500,000 role of the farmer in our society and I separate provisions for closing loopholes claimants. recommend your consideration of his and cw·bing abuses in this program. Today the projected 1976 fiscal year total contribution to society, a contribution cost is $6.8 billion. And still leaping like a I recommend to my colleagues the fol lonely downriver salmon. For example, in that allows us to discuss the problems of lowing very informative column on the 1974's first six months, there were 13.5 mil exporting our abundance of food and subject by Mr. Victor Riesel, nationally lion food stamp program participants. By fiber. syndicated labor columnist: last December, six months later, this had Article from Prairie Farmer follows: VICTOR RIESEL FOOD STAMP REFORM rocketed to 17 million. Today the count is THE FARMER'S ltOLE 19.6 million food coupon clippers, soon to top WASHINGTON.-Few realize the Department Much has been written in the media about of Agriculture has a secret intelligence serv 20 million recipients. The mismanagement of the program has a rising food prices. However, what has b~n ice all its own-and if the specialists in its said sheds little light on public understand· office of audits and office of investigations Gilbert and Sullivan touch-if it all weren't so tragic during this crisis of bankrupt cities ing of the farmer's relationship to food prices. would say publicly what some have :Whis Food and the farmer are our first line of pered privately they would be shouting that and the New York-ish trend of the national budget. defense against inflation, altho there is no the food stamp system is virtually out of good reason why they should be. Take the control. Let me tell you about Massachusetts: a proportion of takehome pay that goes for At least $1 billion a year is being ripped new audit discloses that at least 50 per cent food. Has it increased? off through fraud, ineligibility, insouciant of the Bay State's food stamp households On the contrary, it has decreased stea.dlly errors and sheer waste. showed up ineligible. And 30.4 per cent were over the long term. During the Great De Mind you, this is merely part of the overissued (overpaid). Thus 80.4 per cent of pression of the 1930s, 30% of our income the cases a.re simply ripoffs. ·looting. Investigation has just disclosed that went for food; 20 years later it had fallen to the lost blllion is only on the non-welfare, And another 13 pe1· cent a.re underissued 20%. In 1972 it was slightly under 16%. A non-publicly assisted families such as fami (underpaid). So 93.4 per cent of all cases are year later it rose to 17 % . It is now back to nes with dependent children. in error. 16%. This is the most genuine argument of The lost billion, therefore, is only half the True, other states have lower rates of error all and cannot be denied. story. It's the money calmly ripped from the and thievery. But it's all very costly to ad There are other reasons why the U.S. con government through conspiracy 01· by able minister. Nationally, the office tab is almost sumer should be grateful for the lowest-cost bodied men and women who just won't work, half a. billion dollars. Half is paid by the fed food in such incredible variety of any plaee or by students, or by families which have eral government. and time in history. America is- blessed with an annual income of up to $11,000 (and None of this, of course, relates to what fertile soil and a beneficent climate, but so sometimes slightly more). Their breadwin error there may be in the actual welfare are many other countries with food scarcities. ners can own cars, homes, personal property, families' errors and ripoffs. The above refers The difference is the U.S. farmer and the bank accounts, and hold vital jobs. They in only to the non-poor. Yet the "anti-hunger" agribusiness complex that supplies him, and clude teachers, some police, skilled crafts forces are pushing for a self-certification ap the universities and extension services that men and white-collar workers. plication. No check on figures. Just hand guide him ln better ways of farming. They draw food stamps because of a com out the food stamps. This would make the The unhappy consumer should consider the plex income formula, which includes specific system more chaotic. Now the used coupons following hypothetical situation. Let's sup cost deductions from their earnings ( chil go the Federal Reserve system, which gives pose that the farmer were paid a reasonable dren, etc.). These deductions put their in them a. fast count ancf charges the Treasury base salary for a 40-hour week. We think his come below an arbitrary food and diet line. Department for the stamps. Everything gets skills are at least equal to the average · San It has just been learned that 17.3 per cent a fast count. · Francisco policeman now earning $25,000 or of non-poor, non-welfare food stamp re And when it's over the working citizenry the Seattle plumlJer who gets $29,000 if he cipients simply are ineligible! pays and pays. Taxes increase. National works full time. And another 26 per cent are "overL5sued." budget deficits increase. So does the numbel' We won't be so greedy as to reach for the Meaning overpaid. of able-bodied persons who pay with food $85,000 paid the chief pilots on an airline Thus 43.3 per cent a1·e receiving food stamps at the checkout counters at a thou· nor the $1150 per hour for 2628 hours of stamps lllegally. sal'ld supermarkets. legal work sought by a Chicago law firm. Translated into dollars, I'm told this Let's be modest and ask for $20,000 e. year means that almost 26 per cent of all the for the 40-hour farmer, even tho his work money spent in the non-poor and non-wel could be more important than that of law fare food stamp assistance is stolen. Or yers and pilots. wasted. THE FARMER'S ROLE This means that we would be doubling How? It's the Health, Education, and Wel the average farmer's net income. It is now fare Department story retold in terms o! the slightly under $10,000. In addition. the Agriculture Department, which administer~ farmer has an averag"0 investment of $200,- the food stamp division. It took several years HON. PAUL FINDLEY 000 in land, buildings, machinery, and other for this column to force wide investigations OF ILLINOIS equipment. At 8%, that's an additional in welfare and medicaid and to discover that IN THE HOUSE OF R~PRESENTATIVES $16,000. several billions of dollars a year are being His salary is now $36,000. We should add looted from the actual cash payout welfare Friday, September 26, 1975 about $2000 for pension, hospital, medical system itself. Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, earlier insurance, and other fringe benefits. For Now that the welfare section is under this week I called for Americans to ob time worked on Saturdays, Sundays, and heavy investigation, the time has come for holidays and for that occasional 2 a.m. ex the spotlight to scorch the Agriculture De serve the National Week of Concern for cursion to the farrowing house, and time partment. Such new probes wm show heavy World Hunger. It is important, because it over 40 hours a week, we would need to add outpoming of stamps to non-welfare famil~es again focuses attention on the needs of a.bout a third of his base pay or $6000. Now (non-poor) which go in for crooked account ·hungry both here and abroad. The we're up to $44,000. ing; duplicate applications by husband and debate over distribution of food and the What would this qua
through a day that our lives are not touched ·that- if criminal sanctions ~re included in torch tip is too dangerous. Its design would by one of the regulators in Washington. These rule changes, they would not take -effect produce too hot a flame, so he ha.d to use a regulators have their own army. Sixty-three ·until Congress first gives its approval. That's smaller torch tip. He wanted to know if I thousand federal workers serve as regulato~ called "regulating the regulators" I thought lie had to abide by their rule. If he with the various agencies. That's all tpey do~ Some people in Washington hope regula did, the torch woUidn't get hot enough to regulate. They don't produce anything. They tory reform ls just a.round the corner. It's cut metal-and he would have to use a hack just regulate. the only movement I can think of that has saw instead. It was my first big victory: we · Their rules, decisions an d decrees pour out the backing of all political philosophies, got OSHA off of Charlie's back. of Washington on a daily basis. They are from the far right to· the far left. It's a EEOC, or the Equal Employment Oppor found in the Federal Register-a copy of favorite theme of the President. For years, tunity Commission was a well intended pro which I hold in my hand. That's just one consumer groups have been arguing for de gram when passed by Congress in 1964. But day! This box contains the Federal Register regulation of railroads, truck lines and air in time, it has not developed into an efficient for the month of August alone. It comes to lines. Raloh Nader said in remarks to U.S. program. It has merely grown into a $63 mil 7,314 pages-in a 15 inch thick stack-that's News, "Our unguided regulatory system lion agency with a staff of 2388. It has more 19 pounds (8.6 ~ilograms!) of regulations. undermines competition · and entrenches than its share of complaints of discrim.ina You laugh, but ladies and gentlemen, all monopoly at the public's expense." Thank tion in its own employment practices. the Federal Register does is tell you what it you Mr. Nader for a kind word for the free Its backlog of unsolved cases has also is you must and must not do to comply with enterprise system. grown. The backlog in 1973 was 80,000. By the law. In your business, in your schools, in The problem with regulatory reform is next year the backlog will be 161,000. Some your surgery and in your private life-if you Congress. A majority apparently hasn't gotten cases have been waiting for action for two don't know what's in the Federal Register, the message. That's why the 94th Congress years. The Executive Director of the Ken you don't know what the law requires. has come to be known as the "seat-belt" tucky Human Rights Commission has ob That box is just one month. In 1973, the Congress. Sometimes to get it to move it served that anyone who files a charge with Federal Register totalled 35,591 pages. In 1974 needs a "belt" in the "seat." Unless voters EEOC today can e:i..'}>ect an investigation to it was 45,422 pages. So far this year the Regis the consumers-apply pressure, regulatory begin in 18 months. That uncertainty and ter has already printed 42,314 pages (as of reform is doomed. delay can be devastating to an employer; I! Friday) and will probably top 60,000 pages And what about the consumer? How much they eventually decide against you, think one or more paragraphs of which you will are the regulators costing each one of us? of the back pay liability. What's that a.bout unknowingly violate. That's a bit too much First of all, they must be paid. We support a "right to a speedy trial"? Consequently, the government. the regulators, first by paying $2 billion in employer is pressured to relent and reinstate · Let's look at what you were told in August. salaries, benefits and other services through the unruly worker. There a.re rules on meat imports from Canada, our taxes. Then there are the hidden costs The backlog continues because EEOC can wine labeling, the marketing of potatoes that you pay when you buy consumer not distinguish between questions about dis (Irish) grown in California and Oregon but goods-from a hotdog to a car. President crimination a.nd charges of discrimination. not---well here's one including Colorado-but Ford recently put the cost of unnecessary A Seventh-Day-Adventist once simply in in the other 47 States you don't know just and wasteful regulatory policies at $130 bll quired whether he would be required to where you stand. The rules on lemons grown lion a year. That's an average of $2,000 a year work on Saturday, his religious Sabbath. The in Arizona and California should be called for every family in this country. That inquiry ended up as an official charge, and to the attention of your son for his lemonade amounts to 8% of our GNP! It costs m01·e was assigned to be investigated. All he stand! than Defense; more than medical care. wanted was information. I imagine his let Here are some rules on charter flights, In business, management no longer has ter is somewhere in the backlog. loading standards for outboard motorboats, control over many facets of their operations. Unfortunately, it's just as easy to file a and implementation of the Privacy Act. I They've got to constantly deal with OSHA, complaint by a person who is fired for poor gues.s if you want to protect your own pri EPA, EEOC, ICC, and the Consumer Product job performance. The mere existence of the vacy, you have to master the provisions of Safety Commission (CoProSaCom?), just to agency encourages anyone with a beef to these four volumes-well, only three and a name a few. Plus the ubiquitous l.R.S. And make a "federal case" out of it. half really. The same thing applies if you just wait til they launch the giant Ad EEOC needs to cull the trivial and expedite want to expose somebody else without trip Hocracy known as the Consumer Agency. the simple inquiries. An early screening is ping over their right to privacy: a~other pol They will eliminate competition by ordain needed to separate the wheat from the ch aff, itician, for example, or your neighborhood ing uniformity of product quality. so that only the serious cases get to the service station, or your competitors' re I believe Congress passed the Occupational higher staff level. sea1·ch interests. To make the most of this Safety and Health Act (OSHA) in 1972 in Bince I have mentioned OSHA and EEOC, you also will find handy the rules on Free good faith. Congress meant well. It was to let me mention that it is often . possible to dom of Information. protect workers against employers who will r un afoul of one agency trying to please Do you want to rent a duck-blind? Here fully created unsafe working conditions. another agency. As an example, OSHA once are your rules. Do you want to support or Unfortunately, a climate of hostility de ruled that women must be provided special contest the petition from Bud's Moving and veloped toward OSHA's severe standards of lounge facilities as part of their restroom fa Storage? Duke Power Company, maybe? How protection. Many businesses had maintained cilities. o. K. said EEOC, but that's discrim about the environmental impact statement safe practices as a matter of good manage ination so you'll have to provide a. lounge for Gonzales Slough? It's all here at your ment and yet were harassed or "discovered" for the men. The agencies are laced with reg very fingertips! in trivial, technical violation. I support the ulations that are in conflict and contra Employee conduct standards. goals of better safety and health for workers. dictory. Liberalization of the sex discriminat ion Who doesn't? But at times, OSHA repre A look at the Envh·onmental Protection prohibitions. sentatives have gone far beyond the basic Agency will show some real doozies when it Marriage dates of widows and widowers of intent of Congress, which was to correct comes to examples of bureaucratic meddling deceased veterans. hazardous conditions. Too often the regula Dr. Murray Weidenbaum, an economist at Knitting machinery for ladies' seamless tors try to mastermind the business world Washington University estimates that the hosiery from Italy. with unrealistic regulations. cost of auto safety and emission standards, Employing full-time students a.t submini You probably have your own favorite hor based on 1975 production, cost the consum mum wages. ror stories. Mine is the short-lived proposal ers $3 billion. He cites that as a conserva That's part of what August t ells you and to "protect" the men who install roofing, by tive estimate-but then he's a conservative to make it interesting; it'll be different in requiring that first you have to build a fence economist. That's $320 per vehicle, or 8 % September. October will change it all again. around the roof line so the roofers won't of the total net pi-ice of an average automo The Register can dict ate everything from fall off. Never mind that the incidence of bile in 1974. Then add on the super-bumper. the shipment of oranges, to nullifying union roofers carelessness is so rare you never And the '74 models had the seat-belt/ignition contracts, to requiring fraternities to initiate heard about it. The OSHA hotshots figured interlock. women members and sororities to admit men. that if their agents had to build a roof they EPA may have been well intended when (That last, at least, has been thwarted by might fall off. That's probably right. What established, but it has become a bureau specific law.) It can require corporations to that would do is add $600 or so to the cost cratic beast. Now I am a dues-paying envi spend milllons on new equipment or deny of construction, and trade-off greater safety ronmentalist, but our concern for protecting t he right of local government to make zon for the roofers (who know how to prot ect the environment must be balanced with a ing decisions. Violation of the rules can land themselves on a roof) for greater h azards for similar concern for protecting the economy. you in jail with a stiff fine imposed and can fence-builders. Let me get back to emission standards. get your business closed for good. Compli My first exposure to OSHA in volved a weld EPA ordered the oil companies to get the ance is m andatory because you're guilty until er in Ire deal with this very broad strategic question; tion strategy may not be very gr.eat. Our old .reached out with sincere intent, there has How should we who are of the agricultural constituents are fewer in number, despite been a response. establishment deal with the new agenda.? their undoubted worthiness. And even far Cooper.ation is di.fficult--and risky. Co To make clear the set of value judgments them, needs have changed so that the old operative intent may be interpreted as a with which I address this question, I indi· agenda is less meritorious than it once was. sign of weakness, an invitation to be over cate here this overall objective: CAPITULATION whelmed. We cannot expect to dictate the conditions or the terms of the joint effort. A free and prosperous agriculture and a Another way to deal with the new agenda food industry that is open and competitive, Th.J>.re are two different ideas of govern is to accept it, to sui-render our traditional ment, just as there are two different types with e.ssiStance for the least for unate and views. "If you can't lick them, join them." least able of our citizens. of cooperation. If there are more people in fav ·r of coyotes One idea is to group the people on the basis With a different objective, no doubt a than of lambs, side with the coyotes. If the different analysis would emerge. of some criterion., to get into one ca.mo all majority of people l'avor low food prices, go those who have one particular attributi, say I see four different possible strategies, as fc1· a cheap food policy. Accept "the recent follows: hallucination, confrontation, capi a lilcing for low prices_ Put into anot.her past as the \vave of the future. The bus is camp all those who have the opposite view. tulation, and cooperation. Now some words leaving the tation, so get on board, as every about each. Then hammer out the solution. Obviously, one else is doing, never mind where it iS this means clean-cut issues a.nd a head-on HALLUCINATION going. Arry new idea has to be better than slugging match at the highest levels. We might deceive ourselves into thinking ariy old idea. Another idea is to work out some of these that nothing has changed. Or if things have There are some farm policy pe ple (not things at lower levels, so that the differences changed, they will soon return to the stat-us iuany) who are ready to capitulate. As you are not so great when final :resolution takes qito ante. Consumerism will fede a.way, the f The Rural Development Program has the second part. Then for the party of the reached out to solicit, welcome, and acknowl rhetoric continues. There is the possibility second part to agree to a. meritorious res edge the contributions of many groups in of holding the old constituency w1th the old olution of the issue, he must accept igno addition to those of the agricultural estab rhetoric. and winning the new constituency minious personal defeat. In a strategy of con lishment. This has worked fairly well. The with action favorable to their interests. This frontatlon, the two parties are driven to de program is now probably in better shape is a tactic familiar in political circles, and f end their positions with every power at than it ever has been. Listening to the rural one that perhaps deserves acceptance on their command. non-farm people has been very helpful. pragmatic grounds, even though it is in I suggest two issues of agricultural policy Progress is being made in the civil rights defensive on grounds of consistency. The in which confrontation strategy has worked area through cooperation with groups quite point is that if the casual observer is carried contrary to the public purpose. One was the out.side the agricultural establishment. Agri away by the rhetoric, he may misinterpret deadlock on farm policy of the nineteen cultural services are increasingly broadened, what actually is going on. fifties, which in my opinion delayed con providing assistance to those who have been I · have been speaking of these various structive adjustments in commodity pro inadequately served. Much remains to be strategies as if they were mutually P.xclusive. grams. Another was confrontation on the done. But progress has occun-ed. In general, This need not be so. It is possible to take Common Agricultural Policy; European confrontation has been avoided. an overall attitude of cooperation and still leaders have not been able to accede to om• It takes two to cooperate, as it does to adopt elments of the other strategies in par demands because to do so would be to cave in tango. We should not assume that if we ticular cases. to the Americans, which is politically unac establishment people reach out with coopera Some issues may best be handled by pre ceptable to them. By a policy of confronta tive intent, the architects of the new agenda tending they don't exist. For example, be tion, we have made a good solution to the w11l automatically reach out in response. nign neglect may be tl1.e best way of dealing problem more difficult to achieve. They may or they may not. But up to now I with perennial attacks on the middleman, & The chances of sueceedlng with co11fronta- think it is fair to say that when we have subject \1ihic.!1 is on both the old and the new CXXI--1930-Part 24 30636 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1975 agenda. The1·e is no known solution to this Petersburg Times-which incidentally Cabell was deserving of this legacy and "problem," which, objectively measured. ls of endorsed Mr. STONE over Mr. Eckerd in minor importance. Maybe it can be finessed. the Earle Cabell Federal Building was so The public view ls that any issue on the the Senate race-has to say editorially named. I know he took great pride in the agenda is a legitimate one, and that a solu about the ADA action. This editorial was honor given to him by his former col tion can be found if men of good wm would published on September 23, 197.5: leagues in Congress. put their minds to it. One or both of these THE ADA Is OFF BASE While it is a time of deep personal - things may be untrue, in which case it may The Washington office of Americans for grief, his family should know and be be best to pretend the issue does not exist. Democratic Action {ADA) is way off base in comforted by the fact that his example Though the basic attitude be cooperation, dredging up a single, isolated, and quickly will live on and we all will have profited it ls perhaps best sometimes to capitulate. regretted incident in the life of Jack Eckerd from the many contributions he made to An example: the Department of Agriculture to brand him "a prejudiced individual." had long defended huge commodity pay Noting reports that Eckerd is under con om· city, our State, and our country. ments to a few large farming operations. sideration for appointment by President Ford These payments turned out to be indefen to head the General Services Administra sible either on political or economic grounds. tion or the Food and Drug Administration, So the Department capitulated. ADA warned that it would oppose his con HEINZ COMMENDS MUSIC FOR MT. Sometimes confrontation ls an appropriate firmation to either office "with all the re LEBANON FOR 30 YEARS OF CUL policy, even though the cooperative intent is, sources available to us." TURAL CONTRIBUTIONS overall, the dominant one. President Ford The charge of prejudice is based on an confronted the farmer-labor-consumer coali Eckerd campaign advertisement in the clos tion in vetoing the Emergency Farm Bill this ing days of the 1974 Florida. Senate race, HON. H. JOHN HEINZ III spring. In my opinion, this was a constructive which Eckerd, the Republican candidate, lost OF PENNSYLVANL\ act of public policy. to Democrat Richard Stone. The ad compared IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES An element of unpredictability is an im the backgrounds of the two candidates, and portant ingredient of strategy in the area of listed Eckerd's religion as "protestant" and Friday, September 26, 1975 public policy. But it should not be the sole Stone's as "Jewish." Mr. HEINZ. Mr. Speaker, for 30 years element. To be either totally predictable or The reference to religion was wrong, as totally unpredictable would be a. major the Music for Mount Lebanon series Eckerd has acknowledged. But his neighbors has provided cultural activities of strategic error. in Florida, and particularly Pinellas County, I began this presentation with the ques where his whole life as a businessman, phi- · the highest quality to residents of Mt. tion "Who is going to control the farm policy lanthropist and public-spirited citizen is well Lebanon, Pa. Music for Mount Lebanon age~da and what subjects will be on it?" known, have reason to reject, as equally stands as one of the first organizations My answer to this question is that only if in the Nation to develop a suburban con the agricultural establishment takes a gen wrong, ADA's blanket imputation of prej erally cooperative attitude can they expect to udice. cert music program. Today it ranks as have much of a. role in shaping the farm pol When the 1974 campaign ad was protested one of the Nation's greatest concert pro icy agenda and infiuencing the particular is as anti-Semitic, Eckerd responded forth grams. sues that appear thereon. rightly with a public apology to Stone and During this bicentennial period, it is This says something to those of us con to Florida voters. "It was not intended that especially gratifying to know that Mt. cerned with research in the policy area.. We, way," he said. "If I had realized that anyone Lebanon is among the American com- · as well as the political strategists, will have would interpret it in that manner, the ad would not have run." munities that enjoy and appreciate these to take a cooperative role {which many are cultural benefits. I am hopeful that my already doing). There ls little good to be ac When Eckerd's selection to head the GSA, complished by researching a subject that we the Government's housekeeping agency, was colleagues will give special recognition a.re unable to put on the agenda. It is my first rumored, the Times said in an editorial to the 30th anniversary o.L Music for belief that the marginal contribution to an that President Ford would be wise to appoint Mount Lebanon and the many tributes it understanding of the policy issues ls greater a man so well qualified by business experi has received. A number of :>rganizations if we address ourselves to the items on the ence and a keen sense of public service. We and individuals have paid tribute to the new agenda than if we continue to focus on reiterate that opinion now. fine work that Music for Mount Lebanon the old one. has been doing. I would like to share In extension as well as in teaching, the new some of these tributes with my col constituency will have to be served. EARLE CABELL And now a final word about teaching. In leagues. 1973 I spoke on agricultural policy to this PROCLAMATION same group, at Brainerd, Minnesota. My HON. ALAN STEELMAN Whereas, it is among the responsibilities concluding comment was that it would be and pleasures of the Commission of Mt. well for those who teach agricultural policy OF TEXAS Lebanon, Pennsylvania, to recognize occa to throw away their old lecture notes. That IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sions of outstanding significance to honor was good advice, and it bears repetition. and celebrate special achievements, and to Wednesday, Septembe1· 24, 1975 encourage programs which benefit the citi Mr. STEELMAN. Mr. Speaker, it is lll zens of our community; and, deed a sad time for all of us who knew Whereas, Music for Mt. Lebanon, Inc., is ADA ATTEMPT TO SMEAR JACK Earle Cabell, the late distinguished for offering its thirtieth season of fine music pro ECKERD REFUTED grams during the coming concert year mer Representative of the Fifth District which is the bicentennial year of our na of Texas. Although Congressman Cabell tion; and, HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG and I waged a spirited campaign in 1972, Whereas, Music for Mt. Lebanon, Inc., has throughout it, and in the time that fol assigned a Commemorative Program Com OF FLORIDA lowed, I have held the highest regard for mittee the challenge of developing a com IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES his personal integrity and personal dedi memorative program on September 27, 1975, Friday, September 26, 1975 cation to the people of Dallas. to launch this thirtieth season; and, Whereas, Mt. Lebanon is proud of the con Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, His family has always exemplified tributions of the Music for Mt. Lebanon for the past several days there have been dedication to duty-serving the city of series to the cultural and community life of news reports-both in Florida and Wash Dallas in political, business and civic our municipality; ington-that President Ford plans to ap areas. Earle Cabell was twice elected as Now, therefore, I, James D. Strader, Presi point Mr. Jack Eckerd to head the Gen-· mayor of Dallas before becoming a Mem dent of the Commission of Mt. Lebanon, ber of Congress of four terms. His exam Pennsylvania, do hereby proclaim September eral Services Administration. 27, 1975, as Music for Ht. Lebanon Day and Mr. Eckerd, it will be recalled, was the ple as a capable and concerned public urge all Mt. Lebanon ciitzens to join in the Republican Senatorial candidate defeat leader is one that we all can look to with celebration of the occasion. ed in a close Florida election last No pride. vember by Senator RICHARD STOJ.>."E. This is one of the reasons I introduced INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF Now that Eckerd-well known for his my first piece of legislation in February PERFORMING ARTS ADMINISTRATORS, INC., business acumen and philanthropic ac 1973, to rename the Federal building at August 4, 1975. 1100 Commerce in Dallas for Earle Mrs. ALICIA G. CONNER, tivities-is being considered for this im Managing Director, Music for Mount Leba. port~l'lt post, a storm of protest over his Cabell. It was p1imarily due to his untir non, Pittsburgh, Pa. qualincaLions has been generated by the ing efforts that this building was con DEAR MRS. CONNER: On behalf of the In Americans for Democratic Action. structed, and although it is not custom ternational Society of Performing Arts a following amendment to .H.R. 8603 Post~ August 197~ issu~ of t~e C~nt~r Maga OJ>inion, but an anti-slaughterhouse opinion, zine. The author is Michael ~rome~ a 1.ti · anoth,er publication, r think they've got al Reorganization Act amencim,ents: a lot to answer f'or.'T AMENDMENT TO R.R. 8603, As REPORTED, . form.er writer for Field and Stream mag Mr. McGrady reported in this same in Ma. ALEXANDER . . . OFFERED BY af',ine. · terview how he had talked with Mr. Samson Page 12, strike out llne 20 and all t.nat fol• The article follow:s: and John Suhler, president of C.B.S. Pub lows through page 13, line 6, and insert in RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN JOURNALISTS AND lications, about my dismissal. " .. Jack said, lieu thereof the following: OWNERS OF TELEVISION AND RADIO OUTLETS 'Well, you know he wasn't doing the kind of SEC. 2. (a) (1) Section 240l(a) of title 39, As evidence of my anti-hunting bias, Mr. job we wanted, that's really why-I didn't United States Code, is amended to read ~s Samson, now editor of Field and Stream.. we fired him. And there were other things.' follows: cli:sseminat.ed. a photocopy of a page from I said, 'What wasn't he doing the way you "(a) (1) There are authorized to be app.ro Cleveland Amory's new book, Man Kind? On wanted him to?' He said, 'Well, when he priated to the Postal Service for the fiscal this page Mr. Amory quotes from my latest was doing those exposes-I mean he was yea.r ending June :ro, 1976, such sums as book, Battle for the Wilderness, in which I going so heavy on the exposes. . . : And he may be necessary to enable the Postal Serv wrote: said, 'Above all, the thing I really objected ice to carry out the purposes, functions, and "Although hunting plays a valid role to when he was doing those exposes-I mean powers authorized by this title. as an outdoors experle-nce, the rightness fi.IUng the whole article with names of peo "(2) The Postal Service, in requesting of one being to kill another for sport is now ple. He didn't have to do that! I don't mind amounts to be appropriated under tliis sub extremely moot. The need to hunt fo.r food an expose every now and then, but- when section. shall present to the appropriate is gone. Much of sport hunting has scant you start putting the names in, embarrass committe.es of the Congress a statement con• relevancy to primitive instincts or old tra ing peopler you're going too far.' " talnlng a description of the operations of the ditions. It does little to instill a conserva· All this lllustrates why the media sf:rves Postal Service together with any other in• tion conscience. Blasting polar bears from such bland fare-the mass media, I mean. formation which any such committee con• airplanes, hunting the Arabian oryx--0r to which millions of Americans are chroni siders necessary to determine the amount of deer-from automobiles, trail bikes, or snow cally exposed. daily, nightly, weekly, and !u.nds to be appropriated for the operation of mobiles, tracking a quarry with walkie-talkie monthly, complete with color pages and wUih the Postal Service. radios, killing for the sake of kllling anni dazzling living television color. Challenges "(3) All revenues and fees collected by the hilate the hunt's essential character. There to society are restricted or simply sanitizr.-d1 Postal Service- shall be deposited in the gen• can't be much thrill to 'the chase' when out. eral fund of the Treasury of the United there is little chase. At one end of the spec One of the principal challenges of our time States.". trum, 'slob hunters' shoot farmers' livestock. revolves around energy. America.nS have been (2) Section 2003(b) (1) of such title 1s road signs, and each other. At the opposite led to believe that we desperately require the amended to read as follows: end are the superpredators: jet-set gunners exploI"ation and exploitation of new energy " ( 1) amounts appropriated pursuant to_ whose greatest goal is to mount on their sources. But energy is mtreh less needeu for the authorization made by section 240l(a) walls one of everything that walked Noah's the true needs of the people than to furnfs~1 (1) of this title;". plank." voltage for television commercials promot (3) Section 2003(b) (3) of such title 1s If that is an anti-hunting statement, my fng another year of ever-changing auto amended by inserting "in addition to critics are free to make the most of it. In mobile taillights. Industries insist they are amounts appropriated pursuant to the au· our time, sportsmanship and appreciation of. furnishing materials for growth, but never thorization made by section 240l(a) (1) of outdoor life constitute the real. mean.Ing in say that the depletion of resources circum this title" immediately after "Postal Serv· hunting. I decry poor hunting practices of all scribes the true potential of the nation. Yet, lee". sorts; those who violate the basic rules of the people are not informed because most ·(4) Section 4(b) of the Postal Reorgant· outdoor sportsmanship give hunting and channels of information are controlled by zatlon Act (Public LEW 91-375; 84 Stat. 774) hunters a bad name. Dale A. Burk, outdoor the same forces. is amended by striking out "Postal Service" editor of M<>ntana's Daily Missoulian, Newspapers, broadcasting outlets, motion and inserting in lieu thereof "United stressed this point in his column of Feb.ru pictures, and even school texbooks are like States, and shall be deposited in the general ary 11, 1975: advertising. The main purpose of televisfon fund o:f the Treasury of the United States "Samson is inrorrect in assuming that this is not t-0 educate; if it were, there would be in accordance with section 2401 (a) (3) of statement is anti-hunt~ng. It is simply anti no need for off-brand educational television. title 39, United States Code, as added by the bad-hunting practices and any responsible. The principal function of the commercial Postal Reorganization Act Amendments of sportsman would share Frome's point of view channels is to keep the public abreast of 1975". that hunters must deal responsibly to elimi highly important items for modern living, (b) Section 240l(b) of title 39, United nate from their ranks those who cause the such as detergents and deodorants. Perform States Code, is amended to read as follows~ spa.rt much trouble and lend fire to the anti ers fill time leading into the commerclais. "(b)(l) There are authorized to be ap hunting forces ...." · So do newscasters and commentators. How propriated to the Postal Service such sums "Representative Conte (Silvio Conte, of could they possibly alert the public to the as may be necessary as reimbursement to Massachusetts) put it in these terms.: 'With environmental crisis when they are part of the Postal Service for public service costs the dismissal of Mike Frome, the media the pattern that spurs waste and overcon incurred by it in providing a maximum de barons have tarnished the C.B.S. halo. It sumption and that drags down the taste of gree of effective and regular postal service appears that when the chips we.re down the the American people? nationwide, in communities where post of public interest was sacrificed to the corpora The media are deeply committed to the fices may not be deemed self-sustaining, as tion'$ self-interest. If so, then the firing of syndrome of growth and energy exploitation, elsewhere. 1.-Ilke Frome must be interpreted as a selfish not simply because of reliance on advertising Page 14, immediately after line 18, insert and hypocritical act.' " for survival, but because it ls woven in the . following new subsection: The Field & Stream editor's justification tegrally into the system. The media are re (c) (1) Section of 3621 of title 39, United for my dismissal disturbed the Society of lated both by blood and marriage to the States Code, ls amended by striking out "in Magazine Writers, too, but for another rea establishment that runs things. Thus the come" and inse.rting in lieu thereof "rev· son. On the Barry Farber radio program in sources of news in this country are largely enue". New York on March 6, 1975, Pat McGrady, big business and big government. (2) Section S625(d) of such title fs chairman of the Society's Professional Rights "To say that Idahoans a-re on the whole amended by striking out "income" and in Committee, explained his concern: rather poorly served by the p.ress-which serting in lieu thereof "revenue". "I was once told by the editor of a women's means radio and television as well as· daily magazine that he would never contemplate and weekly newspapers-is to put it mildly," an ~rticle suggestion that would expose the wrote Sam Day, in the Intermountain Ob cosmetics industry, for the logical, if not server in 1969. One aspect, he noted, is that good, i·eason that the cosmetics industry most news media in Idaho do not even ARTICLES FROM THE CENTER MAG supports heavy advertising revenue with al bother to cover the meetings of majo:r· state AZINE AND FIELD AND STREAM most all of them. That editor never told me boards, including those concerned with nat that if I could find a magazine or a broad ural resources. They are under the impres casting outlet where I could talk about how sion the job is being done for them. But this HON. PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR. the publlc was being bilked by cosmetics is an illusion, for the wire service reports OF CALIFORNIA manufacturers I couldn't say it there-and upon which they rely are based fo-r the most IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES also continue to write for his magazine. Now part on material prepared by publicity men what we have here is a very interesting case of the agencies themselves, reflecting the of· Fri'!-aY, September 26, 19?5 ·because the editor of Fiela & Stream, Jack ficial point of view. Sam.son, in effect ha.s laid down. an edict that ·"The inadequacy of news coverag.e in Mr. McCLOSKEY. Mr. Speaker, I am writers for that magazine in no other media Itlaho actually goes deeper than that," wrote pleased to offer a third portion of an ex are permitted to voice any -quality or degree :r.1r. Day. "Too often the reporter goes no fur cellent article on the relatiol1Ship be of anti-hunting sentiment. I find this a tiler than official news sources, or sources tween journalists and· the owners of tele colossal presumption. . . . Where a man ls where the news has been neatly packaged .Vision and radio outlets from the Jl;l1YI <:bastJ~ed _ for exp_ressiDg, n?t an anti-ltunting fur him.''. Cons_equently, most newspa.pera are 30646 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 26, 1975 look-alikes, feeding the sa.me fare, serving greedy of the powerful. Urban renewal, free ing for llcense renewals, as well as for its the same power structure, rarely digging out ways, convention centers, the multi-billion policies on cable TV and equal time. As and exposing real-estate scandals, industry dollar subway fiasco, all owe a deep debt to Stansbury and Flattau pointed out, these caused air or water pollution, or a thousand the long loyalty of the Washington Post .. .. concerns make C.B.S. far more sensitive to other abuses of the environment and the To the city, the Post is Big Business first the politicians' wrath than an independent common man's dignity. The public-relations and journalism second." publisher of Field & Stream would be. man, promoting the interests of those with A typical Post editorial, titled, "Our New It is easy to say, I suppose, that I still have funds to pay him, has become more a source Satellite Cities," published July 6, 1968, every right to speak and to express myself, of news than the public itself. reveled in "the dramatic burgeoning of new just as I had before, that the only change is Highly respected newspapers are as cor business centers in the Washington suburbs." that I no longer enjoy the privilege hereto ruptible as the obscure. The Scripps-Howard It cheered the prospect of a new skyscraper fore accorded to express myself in the pages newspapers have crusaded against billboards, city, with buildings up to thirty stories, of Field & Stream. Maybe so. But as Peter the highway lobby, and the trucking lobby; which, in fact, would destroy qualities of Harnik, of Environmental Action, declared in they even present an annual national award living in the Virginia section called Tyson's his letter of protest to C.B.S.'s Mr. Paley: for the best newspaper writing on conserva Corner. It urged the deb8,sement of rural "Mike Frome's removal is but another step tion. But in Memphis, Tennessee, when the counties with a promise of "enormous prof in the polarization of our society, something chips were down during the nineteen-fifties its that will result from rezoning of this C.B.S. should have a great stake in minimiz and nineteen-sixties, in dealing with a local land." More recently, on September 30, 1972, ing. Mike was reaching a large 'middle-of-the wilderness standing in the way of commer the Post editorialized in support of oon road' audience with perceptive commentary cial profitability, it was quite anot her story. struction of four nineteen-story towers that on controversial issues that all Americans In that city Scripps-Howard holds a mo would disfigure and destroy the shoreline of should be aware of. Now he may be forced to nopoly over morning and afternoon news suburban Alexandria, Virginia, where I live, write for environmentalist publications, in papers and owns major radio and television at a time when citizen conservationists were effect preaching to the converted, while his stations. It could have used these media to mustering every effort to block it. "It will Field & Stream audience will continue to be defend Overton Park a.s a priceless posses bring more people and life to the nearby fed bland and unstimulating material which Si<>n of 842 acres with seventy-five varieties historic old town which is being most in can only further remove them from critical of trees, one of the few urban forests left in telligently renewed," advised the Post. "It issues which all Americans are or soon will the world t<>day. Alas! Downtown merchants sorely needs more life and business, how be facing." and developers became convinced that a free ever." Curiously enough, "Save Charleston" For myself, I feel imbued with hope-too way through the park would jingle coins in was the title of an editorial published soon much support has come my way t-0 feel other their pockets. For years Scripps-Howard led afterward supporting South Carolina citizen wise. I will follow the course of William the battle in their behalf, suppressing news, efforts to keep high-rise development out of Lloyd Garrison, who wrote: "I am in earnest. slanting and distorting news, ridiculing park just such an area. I will not equivocate. I will not excuse. I will defenders, browbeating the city council, be What the Post failed to mention was its not retreat a single inch. And I will be littling any politician who dared to stand own vested interest in commercial exploita heard." I believe in the democratic system, up in behalf of the park. Scripps-Howard tion of the Alexandria waterfront, through and that I am part of the human machinery sought time and again to create the impres its subsidiary, the Robinson Terminal Ware that will make it work. sion that the issue had been settled irrevoca house Corporation, and the strong likelihood bly beyond salvation through public interest of a windfall profit. Indeed, on October 5, or public action. 1973, the Secretary of the Interior, Rogers I wrote about this case in 1970, and one C. B. Morton, asked for a court injunction ,1;!UL'fiSTATE TRANSPORTATIO. year alter. was quoted in a booklet on Over to halt enlargement by the Robinson SYSTEM ton Park written by Irma O. Sternberg. She Terminal and infringement on lands described the issue as it evolved: claimed by the federal government. Robin "So severe had Memphis brainwashing son agents were driving p111ng to oouble the HON. BO GINN size of the warehouse, even after receiving been that local businessmen, engineers, other OF GEORGIA professional men in various areas, speak at written objections by the Interior Depart their peril against desecration of the park ment. Such action, according to Secretary IN T'.HE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and distortion of expressway facts. Much Morton, placed the Post in "a very hypo Friday, September 26, 1975 of the same accusation as that made by critical 'position." Frome was printed in an editorial in a local We ,ought to know who owns what and to Mr. GINN. Mr. Speaker, one of the professional journal (Memphis Architecture, banish such hypocrisy. The Washington Post most dynamic and promising solutions published by the Memphis Chapter of the has often demanded, and quite rightly that to our transportation and en~rgy prob American, Institute of Architects). Highly public officials make full disclosure 'of their lems was recently outlined befo1·e the respected locally and nationally, the editor financial stakes. If the Post ls to use its edi torial columns to influence public opinion Surface Transportation Subcommittee nevertheless received from several members of the House Committee on Public Works of the highway-promoting establishment to better its own financial position it must scathing letters of rebuke-as might be ex do no less. and Transportation. The statement was pected. But worse: he was severely censured But how do we make certain this will made by Mr. Elton Stephens, chairman by many of his own associates, who appar really be done? of the Muti-State Transportation Sys ently value the continued patronage of the "No experiment can be more interesting tem Advisory Board. He was accom local establishment above the preservation than that we are now trying, and which we panied by the board's executive director, of the democratic tradition and free speech trust will end in establishing that man may Mr. Kermit B. Blaney. in Memphis.... be governed by reason and truth," Jefferson This statement draws a plan for the "Pity our community, where truth has said. "Our first object should therefore be become a villain and an outlaw, and the to leave open to him all avenues of truth. future in regard to our transPortation only socially and economically acceptable The most effective hitherto found ls the and energy needs. I commend it to the 'facts' are those approved by the media! freedom of the press. It is, therefore, the attention of my colleagues, and ask that This is not the benign dictatorship of a first shut up by those who fear the investi it be reprinted in the RECORD at this Crump regime." gation of their action." point: The Washington Post offers another case As I read the First Amendment, protection T E STIM ONY TO SURFACE TRANSPORT ATION in point. The news copy in its weekly real goos to the owner or operator of the press. SUBCOMMITTEE Nevertheless, there is a need for Congress to estate section is little more than pure puffery Mr. Chairman, I am Elton Stephens of designed to dignify the advertisements. If enunciate a sound public policy to insure that the media themselves do not restrict the Birminham, Alabama, Chairman of the the presentation of news is the paper's basic Multi-State Transportation System Advi function, why not a weekly section on human avenues of truth through the Influence of sory Board. The Board represents the south rights or on natural resources conservation, conglomerate control of non-media-related ern region including the states of Georgia, which are burning issues of the Washington business activities. A medium of communica Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Arkansas metropolitan area? tion should not be owned by another corpora and Missouri. Florida has recently passed leg The Washington Post has carried notable tion, certainly not by a corporate conglomer islation to officially join this Multi-State ef editorials on conservation in distant places, ate, because of the strong possibility that the fort. Each state's membership consists of such as the Grand Canyon, Alaska, and the medium's undertakings will be subverted to the Governor, the transportation or highway redwood country of California. But on the the service of interests other than the dis commissioner and seven other distinguished home front it has shown itself as part of the semination of truth. representatives. establishment promoting development for C.B.S., Inc., as a case in point, owns radio The Multi-Mode Transportat ion System is profitability's sake. Sam Smith, editor of the and TV stations: it makes records a~d musi the concept whereby, within one or more D.C. Gazette, a. struggling spunky monthly cal instruments (including Steinway pianos): rights-of-way and in relatively close prox which gives hope and heart to the inner publishes books (both through Holt and Pop imity serving the route between Brunswick city, is a bitter critic who writes: "As a local ular Library, a paperpack house) and maga and Kansas City we have communication, power, the Post has not only been conserva zines; conducts research and development for energy and transportation services, thus per tive, it has been dangerously reactionary, industry, the military, and space technolo~. mitting cooperative utilization of land for set"\'ing the economic interests of the most C.B.S. must tirelessly woo congressional back- communications, s(wtrce and distribution of September .Q 6, 1975 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 30647 energy and . the complementary modes of the growth exceed the national average. This mode to another. A number of gove-rnmental transportation for the i·egional area. was the result of a major city in that state programs have already recognized the close We are here today seeking a joint Federal/ which has shown dynamic growth, facilitated relationship between economic development state· integrated multi-purpose multi-m?de by good transportation. It ls pathetic 1n that and ·transportation. The Appalachia Regional communication, energy and transportation same state the rate or growth for the spe Commission program is a good example. A system. The first phase of this system would cific area of the proposed route, was less than recent study by The Economic Research be a highway facility which would support 50% of the national average. The exceedingly Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture and enhance the future development of this low growth rate coupled with the low per found that ''good highway facilities are ·es multi-mode system. capita income certainly identifies an area sential to every company and influenced the As a means to accomplish this, it is re where assistance is required and warranted so choice of location." quested that the multi-mode transportation that those twenty million persons living in Gentlemen, we are proving to the world concept be adopted as a national need .for our regional states may have an in•proved that America is not only a great industrial the future transportation program. It is fur chance to obtain the standard of life to base, but our agricultural capacity may be ther requested that the highway portion of which they are entitled as Americans. the salvation to feed the world. We must gear the Brunswick to Kansas City multi-mode The last two hundred years have seen the our transportation system so that this can be transportation system be approved and fund steady concentration of our population in done in an effective and etftcient manner. ed by the current Federal-Aid highway leg large urban areas. Today, it is estimated that There are important additional ports, and islation. our 50 largest metropolitan statistical areas others that can be developed, in the south The Board is proud, Mr. Chairman, that contain half of our population. Otu- largest east that ca.n support large agricultural our Governors have addressed these letters city is caught in an apparently unending movements if they can be economicallv to you, strongly endorsing this requested ac series of crises-financial, personal safety, reached from the mid-western producing tion. health, and city management. Although we areas. . BACKGROUND all wish them success in coping with their A request for the Senate AgricUltural and As a base for discussion, I will refer to difficult situation, there is no evidence to Forestry Committee entitled "Transport ation Section 143 of the Federal-Air Highway Act suggest that· good long term solutions will in Rural America" dated April 15, . 1974, of 1973. Wherein, the Secretary of Trans be found. While the plight of other cities among other things, reviews the tremendous portation was directed to report to the Con is less critical at the moment, they face inadequacy of the Transportation System to gress on the feasibility and necessity for many of the same problems i.e. that of m·er respond satisfactorily to the requirement to constructing to appropriate standards, some population. meet the demands for the grain shipments to ten proposed highways. Providing mobility for our urban popula Russia in 1973. Are we any better prepared Gentlemen, we have examined the ten tion also appears to be a losing proposition. today for the 1975 shipment? . study reports along with the Secretary's Citizen pressure has effectively blocked urban SYSTEM FEASIBLE AND JUSTIFIED comments made to you and your colleagues freewav construction. With escalation of cost, The results of the Department of Tra.ns in Congress. We do not wish to be prejudiced rail or other rapid transit projects are too ex portation study for this route fomid the nor unfair to the DOT views, but we feel pensive to be supported, particularly in light highway overwhelmingly necessary and fea strongly that the report on the Brunswick of their very limited traveler appeal. So called sible, with a conservative estimate of users to Kansas City route deserves more than just Advanced Transit Systems have not shown saving in operating cost, time cost, and ac this cursory review. In our judgment, the any promise to date. Thus, continued urban cident cost to be $130 to $165 million durfog DOT review did not adequately consider cer ization appears certain to lead to urban the first year of operation. This would add tain vital points: strangulation further compounding our up to an amount equal to the initial con 1. Throughout the history of the world, cities' problems. struction cost in less than eleven years. It iS transportation has played a key role in eco An. expedient solution-one which is al only logical to assume that other modes will nomic development. Future transportation ready being pursued is to focus growth on be feasible and the Multi-State Transporta policy needs to be coupled to economic devel our smaller metropolitan areas. The larger opment goals; tion System is intended to be the forerun urban centers of the southeast, small by na ner of the Multi-Modal System. Along ·our 2. This country's future economic devel tional standards, are enjoying this kind of route, we propose to provide highway, rail, opment must go beyond the large cities and growth. Soi:ne forecasters have predi~ted that pipeline and water facilities with terminals focus on less densely populated rural areas; the southeast will be the fastest growing at key points to facilitate transfers between and region in the u. s. during the next 50 to 100 modes. We also plan energy transmission 3. The present and expected future en years. If this is true, we may be so\ving the facilities that will also serve industrial and ergy situations require a drastic reappraisal seeds now for future urban problems. We residential development in the area. \Ve be of our transportation policy. must, somehow, control and regulate the lieve that the Multi-Modal Transportation I would like to expand upon each of these developments to prohibit repeating the mis and Distribution System will support eco points and illustrate how the Multi-State takes of the past. The one viable solution to nomic development in constructive ways Transportat~on System can contribute to o\1r urban problems is to relieve their popu that can lead to effective development for more effective and more energy efficient eco lation pressure by encouraging and support the next centurv. nomic development in the United States. . ing the economic development and popula A study, '"!'be~ Need for a National System . T~e first point needs little development. tion growth of ow· rural areas. We see some of of Transportation and Utility Corridor," Throughout our nation's history, transporta this today, but not nearly enough. It is clear published July 1, 1975 for the Department tion facilities be they canals, rivers, rail that further rural development is hampered of Interior's Btu·eau of Land l\la.i1age roads, highways or airports, have preceded by inadequate transportation: ment says "Unlike joint use corridors, plan intense economic development. One needs The third point ls also becoming a neces ning corridors a.re more expansive, have fiex only look at the aftermath of the interstate sity. For years, we have pursued transpor ible boundaries, and are developed through highway program to realize that the vital tation development on a mode by mode basis. area or regional land use plans . . . despite i;:oupling between economic development and Delving into our country's history, we see some obvious shortcomings, appear to he the t~·ansportation still exists. The late Thomas successive development of waterways, rail most optimum action to take." The Director H. McDonald, head of the Bureau of Public roads, high ways, pipelines and airways. The of the Bureau of Land Management said Roads for 34 years once· said, "We were not different modes have been developed and op that Federal rights-of-ways for pipe lines, a wealthy nation when we began improving erated independently-in fact, federal regula electric transmission lines and communic'.1- our highways but the roads themselves tions in many cases prevent cooperation. tion lines and other utility and transmission helped us create a new wealth in business ISolated attempts to cooperate have been needs (and I quote) "are vital to the nation·s and industry and land values ... so it was frustrated by government action and pressure well-being. This study should point the way not our wealth that made our highways pos from labor and industry. The burden of find toward better coordination among Federal, sible; rather, it was our highways that ma.de i1ig the most economic and efficient transpor State and Local Governments and private our wealth possible." Mr. McDonald fully tation has fallen on the traveler and the industries in mJnimizing possibly prolifera understood the importance of the federal-aid shipper. tion of right-of-ways and the environmental highway program of his time. His st~tement When one considers the high cost of trans impact that goes with it." (end of quota is equally true of the transportation pro portation, its high energy requirements and tion). gram that is needed today. the complexity of most passenger and goods The South and Southeast was virtually Tne second point is becoming inescapable. movements; it is evident that cooperation cut off from adequate commerce with the The Multi-State. 'Transportation System will among the modes is essential. There is a basic remainder of America during the period of serve an area of our country that is desper incompatibility between energy consumption the railroad expansions following the War ately in need of economic development. Three and volume of movement. The energy efficient between the St'8.tes. This contributed greatly of the six states along our proposed route modes require high movement volumes to to the limited economic development of the have per capita. incomes that rank last num achieve their efficiency. Bu't passenger and area. and ~ostered a poverty situation that has bering 48, 49, and 50 in the United States, goods transportation are characterized by not been overcome to this day. This area if) not only impoverished, its predominantly low volume movements. The In addition, the selection of transportation gro"W-th has stagnated. The area's population solution to this dilemma is to· provide mul rates have, tn many instances, during the gl!owth has been only two-thirds of national tiple services over important routes and to past century been determined by artificial a"·e~age and in only one of our six states did fa-cllitate easy and efficient transfer from one influences instead of actual needs. As far . . 30648 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE Septe-mber 29, 1975 back as the reconstruction period following The1:e has never been a transportation pro advantage of the Gulf of Mexico and South the war between the states, some areas have gram in· our-country that was designed solely Atlantic Ports. This will enhance the value been burdened with excessive transportation to get the , product from its origin to its of a proposed offshc.>r~ _port facility in the rates. This had it.s adverse economic effect destination by the most economical process. southeast. and has contributed to the low economic Oh! we always try to move our merchandise Sixth, it will contribute to decentralizi_ng status in that area. Because of these past by the most economical means. By tha~ I future popu1ation growth and industrial ex actions, we a.re granted an opportunity to mean the cheapest for the shipper. Why don't pansion by providing the transportation link develop an area that ls largely free from the we look in depth and say we should move our that has for so long been missing. errors and excesses that impede further de merchandise so that it will be the most eco Seventh, it will facilitate commerce be velopment in other areas. We should use nomical to all Americans-considering all tween three major metropolitan areas of ap this resource wisely and ·devote our best ef cost; hidden and passive as well as direct and proximately one million population each forts to create a model for successful futtll'e indirect? After we have done that, why don't (Kansas City, Memphis, and Birmingham) growth. we design an integrated system to guarantee - and the Southeastern states. This in turn POSITIVE SOLUTIONS this savings? If this could be attained there will enhance commerce through the entire You are confronted by many facets to the would be tremendous saving in the overall South and Mid-Continent. total transportation picture. Each presents transportation process. our· studies, to date, Eighth, it will provide a truly Multi-Mode a uniquely different problem that has its have by no means completely satisfied this Facility where modes can actually comple demand for a logical and reasonable consid objective, but we are fully convinced that - ment and not compete. We have had Multi eration. We must be cautious in our search this dream can only be realized through a · Mode Corridors in the past, but each mode for solutions lest we concentrate on those Multi-Mode System. The proper integration went its independent way; thus falling to which are negative in character-rationing, of Multi-Modal transportation programs and achieve any material advantage. more regulation and p_rice-fixing. The di policies should become the National Trans Ninth, it will be this Nation's demonstrated versity of the transportation problems-lack portation Goal. leadership and show place for an improved, of adequate public transit, energy consei·va Our proposal is in concert with the recent modern and more efficient transportation tion, environm!lntal preservation, a dete1·io appearance o! the Chairman of this Com system. rating higp.way and rail system and insuffi mittee, Congressman Howard in Seattle, Tenth, throughout this century Congress cient capacity of both transportation and Washington, when he delivered the keynote has boosted our Nation's economic status communications facilities to meet peak de address to the Institute of Traffic Engineers with huge investments in programs such as, · mands imposes upon us_ the mandate to as he indicated transportation modes must the Tennessee Valley Authority, Appalachia seek positive rather than negative solutions. be complementa1·y-it's too late for competi Commission, Tombigbee, Mississippi and In spite of these problems there remains the tion between modes. other inland waterways as well as major_ basic desire of mankind to be mobile-to Surface transportation developments can southern international port facilities-and improve his standard of living and that of not be left to chance as implied by the Sec it is emphasized that the Multi-State Trans his offspring! This desire and, yes, right retary's report to Congress required by sec portation System is just one more project even though not specifically guaranteed by tion 143 of the 1973 Highway Act. In light of that will enhance the overall economic re our constitution, is probably cherished by the pressing world, as well as our own energy turn o! these vast expenditures. . Americans as highly as is our right for free situation, we must and I repeat, we must de And Eleventh, it will result in a broader speech and the right to practice the religious velop means to get more mobility with less tax base establishing an increase in govern customs of our choice. energy. mental income. His time when our government must face RETURN ON L.'l'VESTMENT REQUESTED ACTION the real problem of moving goods more effi We believe that there is overwhelming Our Board recognizes your dilemma. You ciently and economically. The world energy justifications to support the Multi-State cannot indorse every project that comes · situation dictates that the major world pow Transportation System. Some of the more along and in fact, you probably have to weed ers take positive measures toward this end. obvious returns are! out and eliminate a majority of all proposals. This suggests that application of new inno First, it will provide an economic boost However, I submit this to you, gentlemen, as vations both in the blending of transporta that is long overdue for this region. a challenge for you are the power that can tion modes in a single corridor and in new Second, it will provide an efficient route redirect our National Transportation Policy · transportation hardware. Throughout our from the nations "Bread Basket" to the Gulf in new and constructive ways. history, the changing transportation modes and Atlantic Ports to facilitate transporting We are seeking a joint Federal/State inte i.e. water, rail, automobile have developed agricultural products as well as other items grated multi-purpose Multi-Mode Commu- primarily because of competition. While through the world. nication, Energy and Transportation System competition, if fairly conducted, should con Third, it will provide the means for eco~ for the future. The first phase of this system tinue; a means of integrating all modes so nomical movement of grain products from would be a highway facility \vhich would that they will complement instead of com the Mid-Continent to the Southea-stern support and enhance the future development pete is essentiaL This integration of modes is states in support of the expanding cattle of this Multi-Mode System. one of the major steps toward Teducing growing programs. As a means to accomplish this, it is re energy consumption and thus promoting Fourth, this facility will provide an artery quested that the Multi..;Mode Transportation efficiency. In our environment of free enter from the South Atlantic Ports which is geo Concept be adopted as a need for the future prise, the integration of transportation has graphically close to the markets of South transportation program. It is further re~ traditionally occurred when it is a neces America with its abundant supply of un~ quested that the highway portion of the sity, i.e. no other visible solution. We can tapped raw material and selected agricultural Brunswick to Kansas City Multi-Mode Trans~ and should plan a complementary and co product to the nations mid-section. portation System be approved and funded by ordinat.ed transportation system. Fifth, it will facilitate the use of and take the current Federal-Aid Highway Legislation. SENATE-Monday, September 29, 1975