Henderina Josefina Keiluhu (Autor) The Impact of Hunting on Victoria Crowned Pigeon (Goura victoria: columbidae) in the Rainforests of Northern Papua, Indonesia

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Acknowledgments vii Summary ix Table of Contents xiii List of Tables xvi List of Figures xvii List of Appendix xviii

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Objectives of the study 3

CHAPTER 2: GENERAL REVIEW ON Goura victoria 8 2.1 Biology of Genus Goura 8 2.1.1 The sistematics of Genus Goura 8 2.1.2 The Distribution of Genus Goura 9 2.2. General Morphology of Genus Goura 12 2.2.1 The Common Crowned Pigeon (Goura cristata, Pallas 1764) 12 2.2.2 The Victoria Crowned Pigeon (Goura victoria, Fraser, 1844) 13 2.2.3 The Scheepmakeri’s Crowned Pigeon (Goura scheepmakeri, Finc, 1876) 14 2.3. Literature Reviews on Goura Ecology 15

CHAPTER 3: METHODS 19 3.1. Study area 19 3.1.1 Papua Provinces 19 3.1.2 Research locations 20 3.1.2.1 District of Mamberamo Tengah-Mamberamo Raya 21 3.1.2.2 District of Unurumguay-Jayapura Regency 22

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CHAPTER 4: RESULTS 33 4.1 Floristric composition and structural composition of forest in each study site 33 4.1.1 Floristic composition 33 4.1.2 Forest structure composition 36 4.2 Estimation ondensity and population of Goura victoria 37 4.3 Hunting activity of Papuan hunters 39 4.3.1 Status of hunters 40 4.3.2 Traditional rules towards hunting Goura victoria 40 4.3.3 Protection of Goura victoria 42 4.3.4 Hunting attributes 42 4.3.5 Goura victoria and other hunted animals 45 4.3.6 The use of meat of Goura victoria 48 4.3.7 Relationship between numbers of Goura victoria caught by Papuan hunters in each study sites with the variables of hunting practice 49 4.3.8 Estimation of sustainability in harvesting Goura victoria 53

CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION 55 5.1 Forest area as Goura victoria habitat 55 5.2 The population of Goura victoria in each study site 60 5.3 Hunting of Goura victoria by Papuan people 63 5.3.1 Hunting activities in Papua-Indonesia 63

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CHAPTER 6: CONCLUSION 96

REFERENCES 98

APPENDICES 120

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