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As Parex Banka
AS PAREX BANKA ANNUAL REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2008 TOGETHER WITH INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT Table of Contents Management Report 3 Management of the Bank 7 Statement of Responsibility of the Management 8 Financial Statements: Statements of Income 9 Balance Sheets 10 Statements of Changes in Equity 11 Statements of Cash Flows 13 Notes 14 Auditors’ Report 80 AS Parex banka Smilšu 3, Riga, LV-1522, Latvia Phone: (371) 67010 000 Facsimile: (371) 67010 001 Registration number: 40003074590 2 AS Parex banka Management Report The year 2008 brought major change to Parex banka , including substantial changes in shareholders structure and the management of the bank in the last months of 2008. This report has been prepared by the new Management Board and Supervisory Council of the Bank and they are committed to leading the Bank into a new phase of development. Financial crisis and its implications on Parex banka The year of 2008 brought unprecedented challenges for the financial sector both in Latvia and worldwide. The global credit crunch, starting in the United States of America, caused a chain reaction all over the world and intensified the economic difficulties in Latvia. The financial sector in Latvia has been affected in a number of ways, mostly through reduced availability of funding and liquidity from international financial markets, a weakening economy and the resulting decline of asset quality. The crisis has necessitated the adoption of new approaches to the financial sector and has led to a thorough reconsideration of its practices. Parex banka itself experienced a severe impact from the crisis of 2008. -
Enforcement of Scc and Russian Arbitration Awards in the United States Courts: an Overview
Stockholm Arbitration Report, Volume 2003:2 ENFORCEMENT OF SCC AND RUSSIAN ARBITRATION AWARDS IN THE UNITED STATES COURTS: AN OVERVIEW Alexander S. Vesselinovitch* Several published decisions by U.S. federal and state courts have addressed SCC and Russian arbitration awards and proceedings. Some of these decisions, which came after the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, strongly suggest that a Russian arbitration award will be enforced against a U.S. party or citizen by a U.S. court. Moreover, the published decisions by U.S. courts lend support to the enforcement by a U.S. court of an arbitration award rendered by the Arbitration Institute of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce (“SCC”) against a U.S. party. 1. Policy of New York Convention Favors Enforcement The Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards of 1958, commonly called the “New York Convention,” was adopted with several reservations by the United States in 1970. The enabling legislation incorporated the New York Convention into Chapter Two of the United States Federal Arbitration Act, 9 U.S.C. §§ 201-208. * Katten Muchin Zavis Rosenman, 525 West Monroe Street, Suite 1600, Chicago, Illinois 60661, (Telephone) 312-902-5660, (Facsimile) 312-577-4755, E-Mail: [email protected]. © 2003 Juris Publishing, Inc. Reprinted with Permission. All rights reserved. 37 Sweden, Russia, and the United States are signatories and contracting parties to the New York Convention. Moreover, Russian courts have applied provisions of the New York Convention under Russia’s Civil Code. Several commentators have already observed that the prospects for the enforcement of an SCC Institute award are very favorable in the courts of another party to the New York Convention.1 Because Sweden has generous rules regarding the validity of arbitration agreements, an arbitral award rendered on the basis of such an agreement will rarely be refused enforcement.2 Nevertheless, no published decision by a U.S. -
The Global Financial Crisis: Analysis and Policy Implications
The Global Financial Crisis: Analysis and Policy Implications Dick K. Nanto, Coordinator Specialist in Industry and Trade July 2, 2009 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov RL34742 CRS Report for Congress Prepared for Members and Committees of Congress The Global Financial Crisis: Analysis and Policy Implications Summary The world has entered a global recession that is causing widespread business contraction, increases in unemployment, and shrinking government revenues. Some of the largest and most venerable banks, investment houses, and insurance companies have either declared bankruptcy or have had to be rescued financially. Nearly all industrialized countries and many emerging and developing nations have announced economic stimulus and/or financial sector rescue packages, such as the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (P.L. 111-5). Several countries have resorted to borrowing from the International Monetary Fund as a last resort. The crisis has exposed fundamental weaknesses in financial systems worldwide, demonstrated how interconnected and interdependent economies are today, and has posed vexing policy dilemmas. The process for coping with the crisis by countries across the globe has been manifest in four basic phases. The first has been intervention to contain the contagion and restore confidence in the system. This has required extraordinary measures both in scope, cost, and extent of government reach. The second has been coping with the secondary effects of the crisis, particularly the global recession and flight of capital from countries in emerging markets and elsewhere that have been affected by the crisis. The third phase of this process is to make changes in the financial system to reduce risk and prevent future crises. -
The Baltic States and the Crisis of 2008-2011 Rainer Kattel and Ringa
The Baltic States and the Crisis of 2008-2011 Rainer Kattel and Ringa Raudla1 This essay explores how the Baltic republics responded to the crisis of 2008–2011.We argue that while there are significant differences in how the Baltic economies responded to the crisis, these responses not only remain within the neo-liberal policy paradigm characteristic of the region from the early 1990s, but that the crisis radicalised Baltic economies and particularly their fiscal stance. We show that there are a number of unique features in all three Baltic republics’ political economies that made such a radicalisation possible. However, these unique features make it almost impossible for the Baltic experience to be replicable anywhere else in Europe. 1. Introduction Europe, and the rest of the developed world along with it, seems to be mired in a debate over whether austerity brings growth or not. While there seem to be less and less candidates for actual European cases where fiscal retrenchment resulted in economic recovery and growth, the Baltic states persistently attempt to claim that austerity works. All three countries were painfully hit by the global financial crisis in 2008-2009 and topped the global charts in GDP contraction; all three responded to the crisis by adopting a series of austerity measures. In 2010, the Baltic states started to recover and recorded GDP growth between 5.5% and 7.6% in 2011. In the light of such temporal sequences of events, there has been a temptation in the policy circles both inside the Baltic states but also internationally to draw a causal conclusion and to claim that it was the austerity that led to growth. -
Impacts of IMF Policies on National Education Budgets and Teachers
Impacts of IMF Policies on National Education Budgets and Teachers Exploring Possible Alternatives and Strategies for Advocacy By Rick Rowden Education International Research Institute June 2011 1 CONTENTS Introduction . 3 Part 1 Critique of IMF Policies . 4 1.1 Background: The Overall Development Model . 4 1.2 “Poverty Reduction” as Development . 5 1.3 “Poverty Reduction” is not Development . 9 1.4 How IMF fiscal and monetary policies undermine education systems . 11 1.5 Advocates for education must become advocates for a new development model . 15 1.6 The Role of the IMF in the Recent Global Economic Crisis . 16 Part 2 Alternative Macroeconomic Policies . 19 2.1 Some Basic Differences between Economies of Developing countries and Industrialized Countries 19 2.2 Degree of Progressivity in the Tax Structure . 21 2.3 Expanding the Tax Base . 21 2.4 Efforts to bring in the informal sector firms into the tax‐paying formal sector . 22 2.5 Justification for Short‐Term Deficit Spending in Crises and Recessions . 22 2.6 Justification for Long‐Term Deficit Financing for Development . 23 2.7 Need for Reorganizing Budget Accounting . 23 2.8 When absolutely necessary, deficit‐reduction must be undertaken with utmost care . 24 2.9 The Main Problem with IMF Monetary Policy . 24 2.10 Alternatives to IMF Monetary Policy . 25 2.11 Financial Sector Regulation . 26 2.12 UNDESA Policy Notes on Financial Policies . 26 2.13 Industrial Policy . 26 Part 3 Case Studies . 29 JAMAICA . 29 3.1 Background on Economic Situation in Jamaica . 29 3.2 Current IMF Program for Jamaica . -
Central Bank of Ireland - RESTRICTED
Central Bank of Ireland - RESTRICTED 1.3.1 Director: 1.3.1(a) Surname Melameds 1.3.1(b) Former surname N/A 1.3.1(c) Forename Pavels 1.3.1(d) Former forename N/A 1.3.1(e) Date of Birth 10.05.1978 Nitaures str. 3-16, Riga, LV-1013, Latvia Residential 1.3.1(f) Address (usual) 1.3.1(g) Business Occupation Chairman of the Board at Aquarium Investments IPS 1.3.1 (h) Nationality Latvian Provide the particulars of ALEPH SYSTEMS SIA (Latvia) - Chairman of the Board - any at the present time other present or SIA AGPM Holdings (Latvia) – Chairman of the Board - at former directorships the present time of bodies corporate, RB Asset Management (Latvia) – Board whether incorporated in the Member (December 2007 – June 2014) State or elsewhere (i.e. Rietumu Banka (Latvia)- Head of Asset Management 1.3.2.1(i) include company name, Division (June 2007 – December 2007) domicile and dates of appointment) **Ensure all details are visible when submitting Director: 1.3.2 a Surname Bourke 1.3.2 b Former surname N/A 1.3.2 c Forename Michael Joseph 1.3.2 d Former forename N/A 1.3.2 e Date of Birth 13.01.1952 1.3.2 f Ausekla str. 5/11, Riga, LV-1010, Latvia Residential Address (usual) 1.3.2 g Business Occupation Chairman of the Council at Aquarium Investments IPS 1.3.2 h Nationality Irish Central Bank of Ireland - RESTRICTED 1.3.2 i a. CENTRAL BANK OF IRELAND. (1971-1983, 1986- 1987) (2010/11). -
Austerity Policy in Latvia and Its Consequences
INTERNATIONAL POLICY ANALYSIS Austerity Policy in Latvia and Its Consequences INNA DOVLADBEKOVA September 2012 n Latvia witnessed rapid, but unbalanced economic growth after it joined the Euro- pean Union. During the global financial and economic crisis, the country witnessed severe economic decline. In 2009, GDP shrank by 17.7 per cent. n Until 2007 Latvia’s debt level was one of the lowest among EU member states. From 2008 until 2010 Central government debt rose sharply from 19.8 per cent to 43.9 per cent of GDP. n From 2008, restrictive fiscal policies were implemented which were among the most severe in Europe. Six consolidation packages were adopted from 2009 until 2012. Wage cuts in the public sector accounted for almost half of all spending cuts from 2009 until 2011, with wages falling by an average of 30 per cent. n GDP grew again by 5.5 per cent in 2011, the highest growth rates among the EU member states. However, GDP is still only at the level of 2005. n Unemployment is now a serious problem in Latvia. In May 2012, it stood at 15.3 per cent. During the past three years more than 100,000 inhabitants have left Latvia in search of work in other countries. Unemployment has changed from a cyclical to a structural phenomenon. n Public opinion research shows that more than half of Latvia’s inhabitants consider that the measures for overcoming the crisis are incorrect and even devastating. INNA DOVLADBEKOVA | AUSTERITY POLICY IN LATVIA AND ITS CONSEQUENCES 1. Introduction 2. General Economic Condition of Latvia The political situation during the pre-crisis period which Costs have increased and there are the first signs of slow- followed the elections to the ninth Saeima (Parliament) ing down in the development of the Latvian economy. -
The US Financial Crisis
Order Code RL34742 The U.S. Financial Crisis: The Global Dimension with Implications for U.S. Policy November 18, 2008 Dick K. Nanto, Coordinator, Martin A. Weiss, James K. Jackson, Ben Dolven, Wayne M. Morrison, and William H. Cooper Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division J. Michael Donnelly Information Research Specialist Knowledge Services Group The U.S. Financial Crisis: The Global Dimension with Implications for U.S. Policy Summary What began as a bursting of the U.S. housing market bubble and a rise in foreclosures has ballooned into a global financial crisis. Some of the largest and most venerable banks, investment houses, and insurance companies have either declared bankruptcy or have had to be rescued financially. In October 2008, credit flows froze, lender confidence dropped, and one after another the economies of countries around the world dipped toward recession. The crisis exposed fundamental weaknesses in financial systems worldwide, and despite coordinated easing of monetary policy by governments and trillions of dollars in intervention by governments and the International Monetary Fund, the crisis continues. The process for coping with the crisis by countries across the globe has been manifest in four basic phases. The first has been intervention to contain the contagion and restore confidence in the system. This has required extraordinary measures both in scope, cost, and extent of government reach. The second has been coping with the secondary effects of the crisis, particularly the slowdown in economic activity and flight of capital from countries in emerging markets and elsewhere who have been affected by the crisis. The third phase of this process is to make changes in the financial system to reduce risk and prevent future crises. -
Parex Publiskie Ceturkšņa Pārskati
AS „Parex banka” Public financial information for the 1st half of 2010 Information disclosed in the report is prepared in accordance with the Law on Financial Instruments’ Market MANAGEMENT REPORT Dear shareholders, clients and partners, The first half of 2010 has presented new challenges for the Parex Bank. The restructuring process that was prepared by the international financial consultant Nomura International plc was launched and implemented in a purposeful way. The Parex Bank has demonstrated responsible and professionally balanced work during very complicated economic conditions, and these efforts have ensured that the bank can develop further in the interests of all of its shareholders. In the middle of this reporting period, on March 23, the Cabinet of Ministers approved the restructuring plan for the Parex Bank, and on May 31, it was submitted to the European Commission for its approval. The plan spoke to the splitting off of certain Parex Bank assets to create a new bank with a stable financial foundation so that it might become more successful in attracting investors and repaying the state’s investment as quickly as possible. The remaining bank, the Parex Bank, will be able to sell its assets on the market in a longer period of time. Its job is to ensure maximum returns on the state’s investments. During the first half of 2010, the Parex Bank received permission from the International Monetary Fund and the Finance and Capital Markets Commission (FCMC) to increase credit limits for the bank’s largest and most loyal corporate clients. It also concluded an agreement with the European Investment Bank on EUR 100 million in credit resources so that loans could be issued to small and medium enterprises. -
AS Citadele Banka Public Financial Report for the 4Th Quarter of 2016
AS Citadele banka th Public financial report for the 4 quarter of 2016 1 AS Citadele banka th Public financial report for the 4 quarter of 2016 LETTER FROM THE MANAGEMENT KEY EVENTS IN 2016 2016 marks the year of accelerated growth in Baltic States of Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia, as well as in Switzerland. Citadele’s strategy is to be the regional champion, the preferred bank of choice for private customers and small and medium sized businesses (SME) in the Baltics to provide their daily business and banking needs. Citadele continues to improve its products and services for these clients, as well as other customers in the Corporate and Private Capital Management segments. Another accolade for success in 2016 was the listing of Citadele’s subordinated debt securities in the regulated market for the first time. Citadele attracted EUR 40 million in new funding from the issuance of these subordinated bonds. The funds were used to increase the bank’s Tier 2 capital base to fund growth, as well as to pay back the loan received from the Latvian Privatisation Agency ahead of the schedule in January 2017. Sizeable investments were made in the infrastructure of new products and information technology to support the implementation of Citadele’s growth strategy. In 2016, Citadele introduced several unique products and services to the Latvian market including microcredit for SME customers and an online Credit Rating Tool for private customers. The Group further developed and upgraded its new mobile banking application, offering customers a modern and convenient banking solution with an authorisation tool built into the application. -
Boletim Oficial Do Banco De Portugal N.º 7/2018
Boletim Oficial 7 | 2018 BOLETIM OFICIAL DO BANCO DE PORTUGAL Normas e informações 7|2018 16 julho 2018 • www.bportugal.pt • Legislação e Normas • SIBAP BOLETIM OFICIAL DO BANCO DE PORTUGAL | Normas e informações 7|2018 • Banco de Portugal Av. Almirante Reis, 71 – 2.º | 1150-012 Lisboa • www.bportugal.pt • Edição Departamento de Serviços de Apoio | Área de Documentação, Edições e Museu | Núcleo de Documentação e Biblioteca • ISSN 2182-1720 (online) Índice Apresentação INFORMAÇÕES Comunicado do Banco de Portugal sobre a reserva contracíclica de fundos próprios – 3.º trimestre 2018 Comunicado do Banco de Portugal sobre a reserva contracíclica de fundos próprios – 3.º trimestre 2018 (Versão Inglesa) Comunicado do Banco de Portugal sobre a lista de países terceiros relevantes para o sistema bancário português 2018-2019 Comunicado do Banco de Portugal sobre a lista de países terceiros relevantes para o sistema bancário português 2018-2019 (Versão Inglesa) Aviso n.º 7676/2018 de 24 de maio Legislação Portuguesa Legislação Comunitária LISTA DAS INSTITUIÇÕES DE CRÉDITO, SOCIEDADES FINANCEIRAS, INSTITUIÇÕES DE PAGAMENTO E INSTITUIÇÕES DE MOEDA ELETRÓNICA REGISTADAS NO BANCO DE PORTUGAL EM 30/06/2018 Apresentação O Boletim Oficial do Banco de Portugal, pre- a que respeitam, classificadas tematica- visto no n.º 3 do artigo 59.º da sua Lei Orgâ- mente. nica, em formato eletrónico a partir de ja- neiro de 2012, tem como objetivo divulgar • Avisos do Banco de Portugal os diplomas normativos designados por Ins- Publicados em Diário da República. truções, produzidos no exercício da sua competência regulamentar. • Cartas Circulares Emitidas pelo Banco de Portugal e que, Acessoriamente, esta publicação reúne e apesar do seu conteúdo não normativo, disponibiliza os Avisos do Banco de se entende dever ser objeto de divulga- Portugal (sempre publicados no Diário da ção alargada. -
Freedom of Investment Process
Freedom of Investment Process INVENTORY OF INVESTMENT MEASURES TAKEN BETWEEN 16 FEBRUARY 2010 AND 15 SEPTEMBER 2010 5 October 2010 The ―Freedom of Investment" (FOI) process hosted by the OECD Investment Committee has stepped up monitoring of investment policy developments in the 50 economies that participate in the process. This report was prepared for the 13th Roundtable on Freedom of Investment held in October 2010. It follows on from an earlier report submitted for consideration at the Freedom of Investment Roundtable 12 in March 2010 that covered investment measures taken between 1 September 2009 and 15 February 2010. Information presented in this report has also been used for two joint reports by WTO, OECD and UNCTAD, released on 14 June and 4 November 2010, respectively, in response to the G20 Leaders' request of 2 April 2009 for quarterly public reporting on their adherence to their trade and investment policy commitments. More information about the FOI process is available at www.oecd.org/daf/investment/foi. Investment Division, Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 2 rue André-Pascal, Paris 75116, France www.oecd.org/daf/investment/ TABLE OF CONTENTS Inventory of Investment measures taken between 16 February 2010 and 15 September 2010.............. 4 Summary of findings ..................................................................................................................................... 4 (1) Investment-specific measures 6 (2) Investment measures