14Th International Virtual Conference on Management Sciences and Entrepreneurship

14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

THE INFLUENCES OF INFORMATIONAL JUSTICE AND PERCEIVED Keywords: ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT ON TURNOVER INTENTION: A Informational Justice; Perceived Organizational Support; Turnover Intention; Informa- CASE IN THE MALAYSIAN ICT INDUSTRY tion and Communication Technology (ICT). Lim Chee Sin1 & Ummi Naiemah Saraih1 THE ALIGNMENTS OF INFORMAL ORGANIZA- Faculty Of Applied And Human Sciences University Malaysia Perlis *E-Mail: [email protected] TIONS TO MEN’S ENCOURAGE AND WOMEN’S INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES DURING COVID-19 Abstract Dr. Imran Ahmed Shah1 & Dr. Danish Janaid 2 Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) industry has been viewed as a way of achieving the 4th Industrial Revolution (IR4.0) to maintain a sustainable service quality Department of Business Administration, Ilma University, Karachi1 and economic development. In regard of advancing towards IR4.0 in association with 5G, Department of Business Administration Bahria University, Islamabad2 ICT organization must concentrate on the growth of human resources with the assistance of a sufficient pool of ‘intelligence staff’. Howbeit, ICT employees felt leaving the organization when facing unfairly treatment, like bias communication and discouraging information Abstract flow. High number of employees leaving organization could have many possible negative effects on the organization. Additionally, this emerged as a threat to service quality and pro- Previous research has examined the influence of informal institutions on determining en- ductivity of ICT industry. In particular, the purpose of this study is to determine the influ- trepreneurial activities. This article explores the different structural paths of informal in- ences of informational justice and perceived organizational support on turnover intention stitutions to promote male and female entrepreneurial activities in factor-driven and effi- among employees in ICT industry. Moreover, researcher looked forward to researching the ciency-driven economies. We collected data from the global entrepreneurship monitoring less common antecedents of turnover intention (e.g.: justice perception and perceived or- of 56 countries in 2008-2013, and conducted empirical analysis using fuzzy set qualitative ganizational support). Attribution theory described the way people formed opinion towards comparative analysis. It turns out that a single prerequisite cannot produce results, but a the reasons for a situation and often used to research human-human relationships which is combination of different conditions can produce results. We found that the combination of then, referred as the underpinning theory of this study. The population of this study are 8 the precedents of the cultural cognition system and the precedents of social norms created 369 employees with the sample size of 368 respondents using simple random sampling. a conditional configuration, leading to a higher level of male and female entrepreneurial Data are collected through online questionnaire (Google forms). Based on correlation anal- activities in a factor-driven and efficiency-driven economy during the COVID-19 period. yses, there is negative relationship between informational justice (r = -0.965) and turnover In addition, this study shows that these causal conditions are configured in different ways intention as well as perceived organizational support (r = -0.972) and turnover intention. to promote entrepreneurial activities of men and women in factor-driven countries and ef- This implied that when informational justice and perceived organizational support among ficiency-driven countries. This article may make potential entrepreneurs aware of the spe- employees in ICT industry is low, turnover intention increases. All hypotheses in this study cific institutional premises that may increase the emergence of entrepreneurship in different are accepted. Informational justice (β = -0.926; p = 0.000) and perceived organizational economic clusters. We show that the institutional premises that are essential for promoting support (β = -1.002; p = 0.000) have significant influence on turnover intention among entrepreneurship have a clear combination of men and women’s entrepreneurship, and this employees in ICT organization. Findings revealed that ICT organization should retain em- combination will be different at different stages of economic development. ployees by providing adequate informational justice and perceived organizational support through supporting the share of clear and relevant information with employees. Positive and strong measures must be taken to improve development of human capital, strengthen Keywords: digitalization in the country and ensure its productivity, sustainability and service quality informal Organizations, male and female activities, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative of ICT industry. To sum up, this study discussed comprehensively on the influences of analysis informational justice and perceived organizational support on turnover intention among employees in ICT organization located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

THE EFFECT OF TOURIST’S ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN ON mindfulness, tourist’s religiosity, value-belief-norm model THE TOURIST’S PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR THROUGH EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN THE PERSPECTIVES OF THE MEDIATING ROLE OF TOURIST’S GREEN MINDFULNESS TRAINING, REWARD AND MOTIVATION: EVIDENCES FROM AND MODERATED THROUGH RELIGIOSITY THE MALAYSIAN MANUFACTURING COMPANY 1 1 1 Hina Aslam , Zeeshan Ahmad , Nadir Munir Hassan & Muhammad Fazal Rose Jennifer Mariadass1 & Ummi Naiemah Saraih1 Qureshi 2 FACULTY OF APPLIED AND HUMAN SCIENCES UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS. 1 Department of Business Administration, Air University, Multan Campus, Multan . *E-mail: [email protected] *Email: [email protected]

2 Department of Business Administration, ILMA University, Karachi, Pakistan. Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of several variables (eg. training, reward, Abstract: motivation) on employee performance in the manufacturing sector. The organization needs The human race has inflicted upon Mother Nature some grave damages by continuously to put more concerns about employee performance to ensure they could retain their perfor- using and abusing the natural environment, through increased tourism. Recently, the world mance because this can contribute to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for the country. To has witnessed that nature has its limits that demand respect, and when violated, nature re- provide some empirical evidence on the performance among the manufacturing employees pelled with a zoonotic pandemic which put nature to an auto generative phase. United Na- this study has been conducted in one of the company which is located in the Northern Re- tions Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs) have given the world the latest perspective gion of Peninsular Malaysia. A number of 355 respondents have participated in this study. that tourism will play an important role in providing individuals and this planet stability Training, reward, and motivation have been tested as the independent variables in this with a sustainable solution. For that matter, a strongly agreed-upon opinion is that there is a study. Meanwhile, employees’ performance has been examined as the dependent variable dire need for necessary interventions such as tourist’s green mindfulness that may increase in this study. The questionnaires comprised of 28 items based on the Likert Scale ranged awareness and attention to the current situation. Researchers have ventured to examine the from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (5). In this study, the data was collected from role of various moderating factors, from the viewpoint of Value-Belief-Norm theory, that 355 employees based on the simple random sampling technique. The results presented that could generate a sustainable solution to the problem. The current study has incorporated training and reward had significant and positive effect on employees’ performance in this religiosity as a moderating factor and studied its implications on the tourist’s pro-envi- organization. Interestingly, results revealed that motivation had a significant and negative ronmental behaviors. The survey method was espoused, and 321 usable responses from effect on employees’ performance in this study. Therefore, motivation did not give any actual tourists to Naran-Kaghan located in the Northern province (KPK) of Pakistan, were significant effect on employee performance based on the findings. Hence, this study con- collected using convenience and snowball sampling. Data analysis was conducted through cluded that the organization should emphasis on employees’ training and reward to ensure SEM assisted with SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science) and AMOS 21 (Analysis the employees’ performance can be increased. of a moment structures). This research is performed in an underdeveloped country like Pakistan, where tourism has recently started to pick pace. The Research findings could help destination marketers and policymakers devise mechanisms to reduce environmental Keywords: degradation in the Northern areas of Pakistan through appropriate strategies in a more ef- Employee Performance, Training, Reward, Motivation fective way. However, future researchers might use the model in different countries with environmental concerns and similar dynamics.

Keywords: Tourist’s Environmental Concerns, Tourist’s pro-environmental behaviors, tourist’s green 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

IMPACTS OF MERGER AND ACQUISITION ON ACQUIRER THE MAJOR KEY FACTOR TO BE A WELL-DEVELOPED BANKS’S PERFORMANCE GULJEE1 CONFERENCE DESTINATION:A CASE STUDY OF JORDAN AND CHENGDU- CHINA epartment of Business Administration, ILMAUniversity, Karachi, Pakistan. Saaherah Basil Alkilany1 Abstract: (LTUC) Luminus Technical University College, Jorden This study investigates the effects of mergers and acquisitions (M & A) on the operating performance of the acquirer banks in Pakistan. For this purpose, a sample of 18 transac- Abstract: tions, involving acquirer banks, listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange, is used. The Finan- cial Ratio Analysis (FRA) is used to determine the effects of M & A. The significance of Having a successful conference business or becoming a well-developed conference desti- change in the operating performances is tested through a paired sample t-test. The results nation is a critical topic that has rarely been examined. In fact, due to its direct or indirect indicate deterioration in the performances of the acquirer banks in the post-merger period. impact on the host destination, it has been long recognized as one of the most lucrative The present investigation accurately investigates the reasons of M and A so as to look at the sectors of the hospitality industry in terms of economic benefits as well as the fame and effect of M and An on the exhibitions of the acquirer banks regarding ROE, Solvency and the good reputation of those countries. Reviewing literature shows that researchers have Net Interest margin and decide the potential results of M and A for the data of the banks’ mainly focused on different attributes of conference businesses as being independent of administration. each other. However, this study claimed that becoming a well-developed conference destination requires to work on different attributes of conference businesses as being dependent on each other. To achieve this, the study has employed the quantitative approach, where it attempted to evaluate conference business from the conference attendees’ perspective. This was done by examining comparatively two conference destinations in a case study that involved Jordan as a developed destination and Chengdu-China as a well-developed destination. Data was collected by a questionnaire and analyzed by using weighted average and ANOVA test to evaluate and compare conference quality in both destinations. The results revealed that even though Jordan seems to be on the right track to follow leading destinations in conference industry, Jordan was perceived as less competitive compared to Cheng- du. We argue that the major cause for Jordan to be less competitive could be due to the lack of coordinating, dependently, the efforts between the different attributes or elements of the conferencing processes in Jordan. This finding can help organizers to pay more attention as it could be the missing link that may explain why some conference destinations are advancing over others, and consequently, gaining the insight about the major key factor that mainly lead to be a well-developed conference destination.

Keywords: conference industry, evaluation, satisfaction, Jordan, Chengdu. 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

THE INFLUENCES OF HRM PRACTICES ON INNOVATION Keywords: WORK BEHAVIOR (IWB) AMONG EMPLOYEES IN MANU- Innovation Work Behaviour, Compensation System, T&D, Information Sharing, Supervi- FACTURING COMPANY sory Support. Siti Shalima Sabri1 & Ummi Naiemah Saraih1 OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE AND CORPORATE RISK FACULTY OF APPLIED AND HUMAN SCIENCES UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS DISCLOSURE IN THE EMERGING COUNTRIES *E-mail: [email protected] Musa Uba Adamu1 Abstract: School of Finance, National Research University Higher School of Economics Moscow. *Email: [email protected] Innovation is known as one of the key plans for organizations to continue its competitive- ness especially in this todays’ world when everything has to be innovative and creative. Employees’ innovative work behaviour or IWB is the main element for widening the orga- Abstract: nizational level of innovation. IWB is referred to the application of new products, processes, or services originating from identifying problems to generating ideas. Given that, the The study investigates the effect of ownership structure on corporate risk disclosure in the purpose of this study is to explore the influences of several dimensions of Human Resourc- emerging countries. The sample comprises 42 companies listed in Nigerian Stock Exchange es Management (HRM) practices on employees’ IWB. In this research, four (4) of HRM and Johannesburg Stock exchange. Data was collected from the Bloomberg data stream and practices such compensation system, T&D, information sharing and supervisory support annual reports downloaded from the sample companies website ranging from the year 2014 have been tested as the independent variables. Population size for this study is 420; and to 2018. Regression and content analysis were employed as the analytical tools. The result the number of participants who returning the questionnaire is 310. Convenience sampling shows that strategic and environmental risk disclosures are dominated by operational risk method and deductive approach has been used for this research. The validity and reliability disclosure. It has become a convention for the firms to divulge considerable good, past, of the questionnaires are taken care by doing a pilot study. Data collected is classified in non-monetary information rather than bad, future and monetary risk information. More- several coded; and then has been tested by using SPSS. Based on the descriptive analyses, over, it is discovered that institutional investors and diverse ownership are the major factors it is confirmed that the employees in this manufacturing company have high mean of rate that influence the decision to increase disclosure of risk information. In contrast, firms are for all of variables: supervisory support (µ=4.80), information sharing (µ=4.79), compen- reluctant to unveil risk information provided the foreign ownership is substantial. Nonethe- sation system (µ=4.76), T&D (µ=4.72) and IWB (µ=4.70). Next, the result for correlation less, greater ownership that is government, insiders and country of firm resident does not analyses presented that there is a strong influence of T&D (r=0.851); compensation sys- influence the behavior of corporate managers to enhance their risk revelation practice. This tem (r=0.621); information sharing (r=0.558); and supervisory support (r=0.532) towards is justifiable as their coefficients appear statistically insignificant. employee’ IWB. Based on regression analyses, 2 hypotheses have been accepted. The accepted hypotheses are related to the influence of compensation system (β=0.147, p=0.003) Keywords: and T&D (β=0.750, p=0.000) towards employees’ IWB. The implication presented that by providing a fair compensation system and introducing an appropriate T&D program, the Ownership Structure, Risk and Risk Management Disclosure, Content Analysis; Emerg- company can increase the level of employees’ IWB. Meanwhile, 2 hypotheses which are ing Countries; Nigeria; South Africa,GEL Classification: G32; G34; M41; M48 related to the influence of information sharing (β=0.011, p=0.888); and supervisory support (β=0.008, p=0.847) on employees’ IWB have not been accepted. It may be due to the ineffective sharing information and having unsupportive supervisor where these scenario lead to a difficulty to enhance employees’ IWB in this company. Given that, this study delivers an extensive knowledge on the influences of compensation system, T&D, information sharing and supervisory support on employees’ IWB in one of the manufacturing organization located in Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia. 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN LEADERSHIP, MOTIVA- Keywords: TION, EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AND INNOVATIVE leadership, Motivation, Employee Engagement, Innovative Work Behaviour WORK BEHAVIORS IN THE MALAYSIAN MANUFAC- AN ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF HOSPITALITY ON TURING INDUSTRY EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION & OUTCOMES Wan Nuratiqah Meor Abd Aziz Suhaimi1 Siti Shalima Sabri1 & Ummi Naiemah Syed Arif Ali Shah1 Saraih Department of Business Administration, ILMA University, Karachi, Pakistan. FACULTY OF APPLIED AND HUMAN SCIENCES UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS *Email:[email protected] *E-mail: [email protected] , [email protected] Abstract: Abstract This research investigates the relationship between hospitality and human resources and to The impact of leadership, motivation and employee engagement has been studied exten- determine the effects & affects on employee outcomes. As in act of hospitality the concept sively in various organizations, yet there remains a gap in the literature regarding the lead- of guest and host applies similarly in organization on employees and employer. As a basic ership, motivation and employee engagement among the workers and its impact on innova- element of hospitality-food is directly and also indirectly related to hospitality and as it tive work behaviour (IWB) towards employees’ development in terms of worker motivation impacts HR i.e. an effect & can affect respectively. It’s an essential human need therefore and productivity. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of three independent a mandatory obligation of hospitality due to its compulsion as basic human need. Food variables on IWB among employees in the manufacturing industry. In particular, this study pertains to hospitality thereby, assumed and considered to be as constant common deter- investigated the effect of leadership, motivation and employee engagement on IWB among minant of hospitality. As a necessity for humans for survival eating is daily activity which the workers. In this research, leadership, motivation and employee engagement have been is un-avoidable by individuals/or groups (employees & employer). Revealed that, Food tested as the independent variables. Population size for this research is 500 and the number is actually a fixed-variable factor which is borne directly or indirectly by individuals or of participants who returning the questionnaire is 220. Convenience sampling method has groups. For further investigation a sample survey conducted of 300 employees from vari- been used for this research. The validity and reliability of the questionnaires are taken care ous organizations randomly selected from different industries, on the basis of convenience by doing a pilot study. Data collected is classified in several coded; and then has been tested sampling as for primary data analysis to determine the effect and also affect i.e. Obesity. by using SPSS. Based on the descriptive analyses, it is confirmed that the employees in this The nutritional fulfilment and health satisfaction compared to an adversary impact of food manufacturing company have high mean of rate for all of variables: motivation (µ=4.14), on HR i.e. healthy over unhealthy or obese etc. Revealed that where there’s provision of leadership (µ=4.01), employee engagement (µ=3.94) and IWB (µ=3.91). Next, the result hospitality HRemployees were more satisfied, with better/increased performance and em- for correlation analyses presented that there is a strong relationship between IWB and lead- ployee retention as likely to serve for longer period/duration/tenure comparatively to it ership (r=0.705); employee engagement (r=0.548); and motivation (r=0.518). Based on contrary where there’s no or less provision of suitable hospitality HR-employees were less regression analyses, 2 hypotheses have been accepted. The accepted hypotheses are related satisfied, with less/decreased performance and high turnover rates as were likely to serve to the relationship of leadership (β=0.568; p=0.000) and employee engagement (β=0.198; for shorter period/duration/tenure. p=0.000) towards IWB. The implication presented that the leader act as role model where by giving suitable instruction to employee and the employer solve the employee problem. Meanwhile, one hypothesis which are motivation (β=-0.230; p=0.718) on employees’ IWB Keywords: have not been accepted. It perhaps due to low self-confident and lack of training difficulty to increase employees’ IWB in this manufacturing company. Provided that, this research Employee Satisfaction, hospitality, obesity, turnover rates provides a wide understanding on the relationship of leadership, motivation, employee engagement and IWB in one of the manufacturing organization located in Kedah, Malaysia. 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

ment, training and development and organizational communication on service innovation THE INFLUENCES OF CORPORATE PERFOR- among employees in one of the manufacturing organization located in Bayan Lepas, Pen- MANCE ON SERVICE INNOVATION AT MANU- ang, Malaysia. FACTURING ORGANIZATION Keywords: Aphassra Ai Tong1, Ummi Naiemah Saraih1 & Wan Sallha Yusoff1 Service Innovation, Organizational Culture, Management Commitment, Training and Development, Organizational Communication FACULTY OF APPLIED AND HUMAN SCIENCES UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS *E-mail:[email protected].

Abstract: Manufacturing sector has played a central role in most of the developing countries in- cluding Malaysia. Hence, service innovation in manufacturing organization is important to transform the traditional operation to reach its competitive advantage. In this study, the influences of four (4) corporate performance factors on service innovation among employees in one of the manufacturing organization have been revealed. There four (4) factors which have been tested in this study are included of organizational culture, management commitment, training and development, and organizational communication. The population size of this research is 420; whereas the number of respondents who returned the questionnaires is 210. Convenience sampling method and deductive approach have been applied in this research. Pilot study has been computed to confirm the acceptable of the questionnaires in the aspect of its reliability. Data analysis has been performed by using the IBM Statistical Package for Society Sciences (SPSS) Statistic Version 25. Descriptive analysis has been run to analyse the descriptive of the tested variables. Based on the descriptive results, it indicated that employees in this manufacturing organization presented the values of means of (µ=4.4735) for training and development; (µ=4.3939) for management commitment; (µ=4.3665) for organizational communication; and (µ=4.4101) for organizational culture. Moreover, the correlation analysis presented that this research provided strong influences of organizational culture (r=0.713); organizational commitment (r=0.668); management commitment (r=0.634); and training and development (r=0.612) on service innovation among employees in this manufacturing organization. Next, based on the regression analysis, two (2) out of four (4) hypotheses have been accepted in this study. The accepted hypotheses are included of organizational culture with (β=0.475; p=0.000); and organizational communication with (β=0.242; p=0.010). These imply that culture and communication develop sustainable competitive advantage and growth of corporate performance toward service innovation. The other hypotheses which developed to examine of the influence of management commitment and training and development on service innovation presented for the insignificant results. This due to the lack of commitment from the management being por- trayed by the employees in the organization; and the inadequate training and development is seen in the views of employees in this organization. Therefore, this research provided a new knowledge regarding the influences of organizational culture, management commit 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG SUPPLY CHAIN CHAR- IMPACT OF CSR ON CUSTOMER’S VALUE CO-CREATION ACTERISTICS AND MANUFACTURING STRATEGIES BEHAVIOUR: THE INVESTIGATION OF MODERATION Rashid Ali1 MECHANISMS Department of Business administration, Indus University, 1 1 2 Sabir Hussain , Zeeshan Ahmad Muhammad Ahad Hayat Khan *Email:[email protected] Nadir Munir Hassan 1 Department of Business Administration, Air University, Multan Campus, Multan, Pa- Abstract: kistan. Supply Chain Management (SCM) proposes the opportunity to increase customer service *Email: [email protected] while minimizing costs. Before selection the manufacturing strategy, company should first Department of Business Administration, ILMA University, Karachi, Pakistan. identify the type of supply chain(s) in which it participates. This research paper explores the relationships among supply chain characteristics and manufacturing strategies. The variables Low cost, delivery, flexibility and quality are manufacturing competitive prior- Abstract ities which are studies in this research paper. The results of the study indicate that those companies which have different supply chain types have different priority in the manufac- The study is aimed to evaluate how Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) adds to cus- turing strategies. tomer value co-creation (CVCC) is the basic purpose of this research. For the influence of CSR on CVCC activities, the moderation mechanism of buyer-oriented OCB and employee customer identification seeks the evidence in this research. Data composed via survey Keywords: form as of 100 front line personnel, 500 customers then 20 front line service managers in the telecom industry in five major cities of Pakistan. SPSS and Amos versions 23 were uti- Cost, Delivery, Flexibility, Quality, Agile, Lean lized to analyse the measuring and structural models. On CVCC the constructive influence of CSR is favoured by the data analysis. Moderating roles for the CSR–CVCC connec- tion was played by customer-oriented OCB and by employee-customer identification. This study was directed within the framework of telecom within a restricted nation. In different context and countries this model can be applied for future research. It show that two moderation roles of Customer-oriented OCB and employee-customer identification within the CSR and CVCC. It differentiates from the former workings and tests the distinct dimensions of CSR and CVCC, a lot of full inspection on these 2 concepts and their influences are presents, then previous studies. Particularly in the telecom industry, it demonstrates the validities of the social identity theory. Keyword: corporate social responsibility, customer value co-creation, social identity theory, Tele- com 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

THE INFLUENCES OF ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE, TRUST AN- THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON STUDENTS’ ENTREPRENEURIAL DORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR ON SAFETY PER- BEHAVIOR: THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF PROACTIVE PERSONAL- FORMANCE BEHAVIOR IN THE MALAYSIAN MANUFACTURING ITY AND THE MODERATING ROLE OF ANTICIPATED REGRET INDUSTRY Majid Murad1 ,Fakhar Shahzad 2, Abdul Waheed Siyal 2 ,Sheikh Farhan Ashraf 1 Nur Hafiza Azira Binti Abdul Rahim1 & Ummi Naiemah Saraih1 1 School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China. *Email: [email protected] (M.M) FACULTY OF APPLIED AND HUMAN SCIENCES UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS *E-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Business Administration, ILMA University, Karachi, Pakistan.

Abstract: Abstract The present study explores the relationship between organizational justice, trust and or- The COVID-19 is a public health emergency of international concern and poses a challenge ganizational citizenship behaviour towards safety performance behaviour in Malaysian to the education sector. The pandemic has a devastating impact on student entrepreneurial manufacturing industries. It is hypothesized that increase of support reflecting care in the intention and their mental health. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the impact of organization about employee well-being will lead to safety performance behaviour in the COVID-19 perception on student entrepreneurial intention with a proactive personality workplace. 352 online questionnaires were collected with the valid response rate usable role. The sample of the study comprised 320 public sector university students from Paki- for the analysis amounted to 350 questionnaires (98.9%). The questionnaires involve scale stan. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. The hypotheses were of measurement which is a five point Likert scale (ranging from 1 strongly disagree to 5 tested with the partial least squares structural equation modeling PLS-SEM technique. The strongly agree) to measure safety performance behaviour, organizational justice, trust and results indicate that COVID-19 perception has a negative and significant effect on student organizational citizenship behaviour. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Soft- entrepreneurial intention. Meanwhile, findings show that proactive personality significantly ware Version 26 was used to analyse the data that had been collected. The results indicate mediates in the relationship between COVID-19 perception and entrepreneurial intention. that trust and organizational citizenship behaviour had a significant relationship with safe- Results reveal that the association between entrepreneurial intention and entrepreneurial ty performance behaviour while, organizational justice was insignificant relationship with behavior is positively and significantly moderated by anticipated regret. Furthermore, dis- safety performance behaviour. Therefore, based on this study the manufacturing industries cussion and implications were also discussed in this article. in Malaysia should consider these three factors which is organizational justice, trust and organizational citizenship behaviour in their organization to reduce the amount of accident rate. Lastly, the limitations faced in this study was conveyed through several recommenda- Keywords: tions to assist future researchers in managing the limitations. COVID-19 perceptions, proactive personality, entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurial behavior, anticipated regret, university students Keywords: Safety Performance Behaviour, Organizational Justice, Trust and Organizational Citizen- ship Behavio 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

BID FAREWELL TO LABORIOUS SCREENING: AN ORTHOGONAL DETERMINANTS OF WOMEN LEADERSHIP AMONG THE MALAY- SPACE BASED METHOD FOR EXTRACTING SEMANTICALLY REL- SIAN ENGINEERS EVANT, DIVERSE, AND INTEGRAL ONLINE REVIEWS Hanim Hamdan1 & Ummi Naiemah Saraih1 Shuaiyong Xiao and Gang Chen1 FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS (UNI- Shuaiyong Xiao1 , Gang Chen1 , Chenghong Zhang*1 1. School of Management, Fudan MAP) University, Guoshun Road 670, Shanghai, China [email protected] *E-mail: [email protected];

Abstract: Abstract: Customers in online purchase context always bear the burden of enormous reviews. While given a large Nowadays, there are lots of women working in the male-dominated fields. It also shows number of existing studies on the helpfulness of online reviews, helpful review identification and ex- in the number of women leaders worldwide which there are incensement from year to traction still face great challenges. In this paper, on the ground of the information theory based feature selection criteria, we conceptualized the helpfulness of online reviews into semantic credibility, relevance, year. But there is lack of about women leadership even though they have contributed to diversity, and coverage. Guided by the helpfulness indicators, we proposed an orthogonal semantic spaces the successful of the male-dominated companies. The purpose of this study is to develop based framework, which consolidates the strengths of several new methods, for helpful review extraction. a conceptual framework to determine few factors of women leadership among engineers We also designed evaluation metrics specific to the review helpfulness indicators. Evaluation results on in Malaysia. In addition, the purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the more than 1.7 million online reviews from the hotel industry show the powerful advantages of the pro- factors which can contribute to women leadership among the engineers in the Malaysian posed framework for extracting helpful review subsets, in contrast to baseline review extraction methods. context. Comprehensively, this study would like to reveal the perception of both men and Keywords: Helpful review extraction, Feature selection criteria, Orthogonal semantic space, Semantic relevance, Semantic diversity, Semantic coverage women about women leadership. Total respondent receive is 398 where the sample size is 384. Simple random sampling method and deductive reasoning have been used for this study. The validity dan reliability test of the survey have been done by doing pilot test. Data collected that have been received and the data have been analyze using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Based on the descriptive analysis, it shows that the women leadership have a high mean of rate which same to emotional intelligence and motivation: women leadership (µ= 4.003), work life balance (µ= 3.790), personality (µ= 3.976), emotional intelligence (µ= 4.017), motivation (µ= 4.036). Besides, for the correlation analysis stated that there is strong influence of work life balance (r=0.655), personality (r= 0.633), emotional intelligence (r=0.582) and motivation (r=0.558) on women leadership. Accord- ing to the regression analysis, only two variables are significant. The significant variable is the work life balance (β=0.377; p=0.000) and personality (β=0.276; p=0.000). Results presented that the element of interest can make women be leaders by having a good work life balance between their family and work life; where it become more important to women who have young children. Also, personality is crucial for women leaders as they need to counter with many of difficulties as many of most leaders are men. Women need to have a firm and good personality to get through it. Besides, the results revealed that emotional intelligence is not significant to women leadership. Next, the role of motivation as moderator indicated a non-significant influence to moderate the relationship between personality (β=- 0.078; p=0.121) and emotional intelligence (β=-0.038; p=0.447) towards women leadership. This may due to the variable is ineffective to be related to women leadership. From the study, there are several ways that can do by society so that women will be braver and have confident to be leader same as men. 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON MANAGEMENT 14TH INTERNATIONAL VIRTUAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP MANAGEMENT SCIENCES AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP

IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS ON PRO ENVIRON- Keywords: MENTAL BEHAVIOR WITH THE MEDIATING EFFECT OF ENVI- Women Leadership, Work Life Balance, Personality, Emotional Intelligence, Motivation RONMENTAL CONCERN AND MODERATING EFFECT OF ENVI- RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE, RONMENTAL ATTACHMENT. ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR AND BURN- Shahrukh Aman1 & Dr Zeeshan Ahmad1 OUT AMONG PUBLIC HOSPITAL’S HOUSEMEN IN MALAY- Department of Business Administration, Air University, Multan Campus, Multan, Paki- SIA stan. Email: [email protected] Muhammad Khairudden Sulaiman1, Ummi Naiemah Saraih1 & Mohd Fo’ad Sakdan1 Abstract: FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES UNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PERLIS (UNIMAP) This paper aims to uncover whether there is an environmental awareness–behavior gap, with the lev- E-mail: [email protected] el of environmental awareness outweighing pro-environmental behavior. To overcome the inconsistency between environmental awareness and pro-environmental behavior, mediating effect of environmental Abstract: concern and moderating effect of environmental attachment is used. We have used quantitative approach for our research. SPSS v24 has been used for data screening. The structural equation modeling procedure The study’s aim is to see if organizational justice (OJ) and organizational citizenship be- is used to evaluate the hypothesized relationships in AMOS v24. The analysis of the results indicate that havior (OCB) has an effect on burnout (BO) among housemen in Malaysian public hospi- the pro environmental behavior is positively and significantly affected by the components, environmental tals. The Ministry of Health (MoE) has been reported as having the largest rate of burnout awareness, environmental concern, and environmental attachment. Environmental attachment is added as among housemen. Variable such as OJ is tested as predictor of BO in this analysis. More a moderator between environmental awareness and pro- environmental behavior. To check the relationship so, OCB has been studied as a moderating variable sue to the uncertainty results have not strength and quality. The ultimate purpose is to develop a theoretical framework which helps to identify the relationship between environmental awareness and pro-environmental behavior and its dynamics established consistent influences of both predictor OJ on BO. This is the reason why OCB and how the mediators and moderators perform their functions in these linkages. The result of this study has been investigated as a moderating variable in this analysis. To reach the respondents for supports the already established studies and further provide the supports for the positive direct influence this analysis, 810 questionnaires are distributed to 15 public hospitals run by the MoE in of environmental awareness, pro-environmental behavior and environmental concern of tourist who has the urban areas using a quantitative methodology. The data was analyzed using the Partial visited Kumrat Valley. Pakistan’s tourism sector is growing rapidly. This paper has shed some light on the Least Squares (PLS-SEM) method. All information was gathered from all respondents via gap between environmental awareness and pro environmental behavior and to bring environmental aware- online survey forms. All data are collected from all respondents through the online survey ness and pro-environmental behavior on same/consistent level. To bridge this gap environmental concern has been used as a mediator and environmental attachment has been used as a moderator. This research is forms. The results of the study presented that both OJ and OCB are created significant in- also one of the very few studies that verified the difference in tourist pro-environmental behavior and en- fluences on BO among housemen in this study. vironmental awareness. The underpinning theory used in this study is ABC theory and attachment theory are used as a supportive theory. This study has limitations, which should be addressed in further research. Future research may benefit from a larger sample size to achieve more valid findings. The research is car- Keyword: ried out on Kumrat valley experiences only. organizational justice, citizen behaviour, burnout Keywords: Environmental behavior, Environmental Concern, Environmental Attachment