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Ibrahim i Postcolonial Residual: Foundation of National Identity of Bangladesh By Muhammad Ibrahim Chowdhury ID: 18363002 A thesis submitted to the Department of English and Humanities in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in English Department of English and Humanities Brac University December 2020 © 2020. Muhammad Ibrahim Chowdhury All rights reserved. Declaration It is hereby declared that 1. The thesis submitted is my own original work while completing degree at Brac University. 2. The thesis does not contain material previously published or written by a third party, except where this is appropriately cited through full and accurate referencing. 3. The thesis does not contain material which has been accepted, or submitted, for any other degree or diploma at a university or other institution. 4. I have acknowledged all main sources of help. Student’s Full Name & Signature: ________________________________________ Muhammad Ibrahim Chowdhury 18363002 ii Approval The thesis titled “Postcolonial Residual: Foundation of National Identity of Bangladesh” submitted by Muhammad Ibrahim Chowdhury (ID: 18363002) of Fall, 2020 has been accepted as satisfactory in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts in English on 7 January 2021. Examining Committee: Supervisor: _______________________________ (Member) Abu Sayeed Mohammad Noman Assistant Professor, Department of English and Humanities BRAC University Program Coordinator: _______________________________ (Member) Professor Firdous Azim Chairperson, Department of English and Humanities BRAC University External Expert Examiner: _______________________________ (Member) Raihan M. Sharif Associate Professor, Department of English Jahangirnagar University Departmental Head: _______________________________ (Chair) Professor Firdous Azim Chairperson, Department of English and Humanities BRAC University iii Ethics Statement I hereby, declare that this thesis composed by me is a genuine innovative work and it has not been published anywhere else. -
Minority Politics of Bengal Muslims in Late Colonial Era and Their Understanding of Pakistan a Thesis Presented by Shafiul Aziz
Minority Politics of Bengal Muslims in Late Colonial Era and Their Understanding of Pakistan A Thesis presented by Shafiul Aziz Joy ID: 13317001 to the Department of Anthropology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree with honors of Bachelor of Arts BRAC University [January, 2018] 1 Contents 1. Abstract ....................................................................................................................................................... 2 2. Acknowledgement ...................................................................................................................................... 3 3. Introduction................................................................................................................................................. 4 4. Methodology ............................................................................................................................................... 9 5. The Shaping of Muslim Identity in Late Colonial Era: Analytical Groundwork ......................................... 10 5.1. Idea of Muslimness as a Collective Homogenous Entity ........................................................................... 10 5.2. Class Relation and Identity Formation ...................................................................................................... 12 5.3. Emergence of Urban Bengali Muslim: Sense of Deprivation in Public Spaces .......................................... 14 6. Critiques from Various Corners and Evaluation of EPRS from History -
Revisiting Bangladeshi Nationhood: Walking Along Global, Glocal and Local Pathway
Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh (Hum.), Vol. 58(2), 2013, pp. 239-261 REVISITING BANGLADESHI NATIONHOOD: WALKING ALONG GLOBAL, GLOCAL AND LOCAL PATHWAY Faheem Hasan Shahed* Introduction A prominent Bangladeshi female artist of Rabindrasangeet1 in a recent TV talk show asserted that women who cover their heads with ghomta (extension of the sari over the head) and hijab (a separate piece of cloth covering the head) are not ‘Bangalees’. According to her, a quintessential Bangalee woman should avoid both of these to assert her identity as a woman bearing Bangalee-ness. In no time, this remark sparked quite a controversy in print media and social networking sites where people questioned her ‘right’ to decide the nature of Bangalee identity in her own terms. Some drew her attention to the fact that the Bangladeshi urban society have comprised women with Western, traditional and religious dress-codes, and yet society has never felt any problem with its proliferation of Bangalee cultural identity. However, others highlighted that the singer metaphorically pointed out to the self-inflicted imposition of hardcore conservatism by the average Bangladeshi Muslim women in the name of obeying religion and thereby denying the secular fabric of the society. This never-ending debate can be related to two apparently-minor-but-acutely- politicized incidents that may provide the conflicting character of the current Bangladeshi nationhood. Early-2013 witnessed the unprecedented Shahbag Movement2 of the youths where one captivating slogan was regularly chanted * Associate Professor, Department of English, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, American International University-Bangladesh (AIUB), Dhaka 1 Songs written and tuned by Nobel Laureate poet Rabindranath Tagore. -
TNPSC WEEKLY Test
TNPSC WEEKLY Test QUESTIONS: 100 TEST CODE: 044 DURATIONS: 90 MINS 1. Who has recently launched a toll-free number “14433” and also a facility to file complaints through Common Service Center (CSC)? a) National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) b) National Commission for women (NCW) c) Union Ministry of Women and Child Development d) National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) ahh; rkPgj;jpy; “14433” vd;w fl;lzkpy;yh njhiyNgrp vz;izAk; nghJNrit ikaq;fs; %ykhf Gfhh;fs; gjpT nra;Ak; trjpfisAk; mwpKfg;gLj;jpapUf;fpd;wJ? a) Njrpa Foe;ijfs; chpikfs; ghJfhg;G Mizak; b) Njrpa ngz;fs; Mizak; c) kj;jpa ngz;fs; kw;Wk; Foe;ijfs; Nkk;ghl;Lj;Jiw mikr;rfk; d) Njrpa kdpj chpikfs; Mizak; 2. According to Delhi court ruling, under which section of IPC can the transgenders file sexual harassment case? a) Section - 352 A b) Section - 357 A c) Section - 354 A d) Section - 356 A nly;yp cah;ePjpkd;w jPh;g;gpd; gb ,e;jpa jz;lidr; rl;lj;jpd; ve;j tpjpapd; fPo; jpUeq;ifs; ghypay; Jd;GWj;jy; tof;ifg; gjpT nra;jpl KbAk;? a) gphpT 352 A b) gphpT 357 A c) gphpT 354 A d) gphpT 356 A 3. Which organization launched a new platform named “Samwad with Students” as part of its outreach programme? a) Council of Science and Industrial Research (CSIR) b) Indian Space Research Organization(ISRO) c) Indian Institute of Science (IISc) 1 d) Indian National Science Academy (INSC) ve;j epWtdk; jdJ ntspNehf;Fj; jpl;lj;jpd; xU gFjpahf khzth;fSldhd ciuahly; vd;W ngahplg;gl;l xU Gjpa eilKiwia ntspapl;L ,Uf;fpd;wJ? a) mwptpay; kw;Wk; njhopw;Jiw Muha;r;rp ikak; b) ,e;jpa tpz;ntsp Muha;r;rp ikak; c) ,e;jpa mwptpay; epWtdk; d) ,e;jpa Njrpa mwptpay; epWtdk; 4. -
Rr Ee Aa Dd Ee Rr
Turbulence July 2006 CSDS, Delhi The SaraiProgramme 06 saraiREADER / i i ii / Sarai Reader 2006: Turbulence / iii iv / Sarai Reader 2006: Turbulence SARAI READER 06: Turbulence Produced and Designed at the Sarai Media Lab, Delhi Editors: Monica Narula, Shuddhabrata Sengupta, Ravi Sundaram, Awadhendra Sharan, Jeebesh Bagchi + Geert Lovink Associate Editor: Smriti Vohra Translations: Shveta Sarda Editorial Collective: Monica Narula, Shuddhabrata Sengupta, Ravi Sundaram, Ravi S. Vasudevan, Awadhendra Sharan, Jeebesh Bagchi + Geert Lovink Design: Mrityunjay Chatterjee Design Intern: Mrinalini Aggarwal Cover Design: Mrinalini Aggarwal Back Cover Photo: Monica Narula Published by: The Director Centre for the Study of Developing Societies 29 Rajpur Road, Delhi 110054, India Tel: (+91) 11 2396 0040, Fax: (+91) 11 2392 8391 E-mail: [email protected] www.sarai.net Delhi 2006 ISBN 81-901429-7-6 Any part of this book may be reproduced in any form without the prior written permission of the publishers for educational and non-commercial use. The contributors and publishers, however, would like to be informed. Sarai Reader 06: Turbulence <http://www.sarai.net/journal/reader_06.html> Sarai Reader 06: Turbulence is part of 'the Documenta 12 Magazines Project’ <http://www.documenta12.de/english/magazines.html> 608 pages, 14.5 cm X 21 cm Paperback: Rs 350, US$ 20, € 20 Printed at Impress, Chittaranjan Park, New Delhi / v CONTENTS In Turbulence - Editorial Collective - vii TRANSFORMATIONS: REFLECTIONS ON UNCERTAINTY - 1 The Time of Turbulence - R. Krishna - -
Inexistent Rule of Law in Bangladesh Vol
article 2 special report special report article of the International Convenant on Civil and Political Rights Vol. 13, No. 2 & 3 June - September 2014 ISSN 1811 7023 Inexistent Rule of Law in Bangladesh Rule of Law Inexistent Vol. 13, No. 2 & 3 June - September 2014 - September 2 & 3 June 13, No. Vol. special report Inexistent Rule of Law in Bangladesh Who’s reading article 2 “In an age when the major media barely touch the surface of major social issues, article 2 provides in-depth analysis of human rights violations and people’s struggles around Asia. For me, article 2 is an essential part of keeping abreast of major developing movements.” George Katsiaficas, author of Asia’s Unknown Uprising * * * “...that is quite a report, very interesting especially section on the stories of the victims and injured. Again, great work, it was a big undertaking and glad you managed to compile this valuable report (Focus on Southeast Asia - Suppression of emerging protests in Cambodia, March 2014)” Naly Pilorge, director, Cambodian League for the Promotion and Defense of Human Rights (LICADHO) * * * “We have received 1 (one) exemplars Article 2 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (Vol. 12, No. 4-Vol. 13, No. 1. We are really grateful for receiving the article. It would become useful collection for our library” Dr. Paripurna, S.H., M. Hum., LL.M., dean of the faculty of law, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia Contents SPECIAL REPORT: INEXISTENT RULE OF LAW IN BANGLADESH Introduction: The Rule of Law does not exist in Bangladesh 3 Editorial board, article 2 Rule of Law in Bangladesh: Normative standards and reality’s mirror 9 Md. -
Tales of Flowers, Trees and Birds
Tales of Flowers, Trees and Birds by Ahmed Sofa (Dhaka: Lutfor Rahman Chowdhury, 1996) Translated by Ahmed Sofa, Mary FranCes Dunham and Salimullah Khan TABLE OF CONTENTS I. A NEW HOME II. A TERRACE GARDEN III. THE APPLE TREE IV. SOFA, FARMER V. PLANTING BEGINS VI. THE INVADERS VII. A FLOURISHING GARDEN VIII. SULTAN SCHOOL IX. HARVEST FEAST X. GARDEN PREDATORS XI. SARADA-BABU XII. THE TAGORE TREE XIII. MY SHALIK-CHILD AND OTHER BIRDS XIV. MORE ABOUT MY SHALIK AND OTHER BIRDS XV. THE SPARROWS XVI. MORE CROWS AND SOME CONCLUSIONS ENDNOTES GLOSSARY I. A NEW HOME In 1993, around the month of August, I settled in this garret on a fourth floor. My friends had said to me: "There's a fourth floor apartment available. Why don't you go and see if it suits you." "What's the use in my going back and forth?" I answered. "When I can have the place, you can arrange the whole affair for me all at one time." My people settled the rent with the landlord. After the sum was agreed to, they induced him to lower the advance payment to three months instead of six. But when it came to discussing the contract, the gentleman introduced complications. He made it a point that he was not going to rent the apartment without talking to the person who would live in it. My friends returned to me and reported what he had said. "It's not far," they told me. "Only three houses away. Wouldn't you like to go there and settle the contract?" I answered unequivocally: "If I happen not to like the flat, or if I cannot reach an agreement with the landlord, this whole renting is not going to materialize. -
1Muhammad Safiur Rah Man 2Shah Mohammad Sanaul Karim 1
European Journal of English Language and Literature Studies Vol.3, No.1, pp. 51-59, March 2015 Published by European Centre for Research Training and Development UK (www.eajournals.org) PERIPHERALIZATION OF THE NATIVE- REFLECTION ON THAKUR’S ANTITHETICAL BINARIES 1Muhammad Safiur Rah man 2Shah Mohammad Sanaul Karim 1,2Assistant Professor, Department of English Language and Literature International Islamic University Chittagong Chittagong, Bangladesh ABSTRACT : Poet Rabindranath Thakur (1861-1941) of Bangla Literature is uniquely great for his ability to provide artistic excellence into his literature. On many occasions in his literary works, he is apparently seen as upholding indigenous ideas of India, humanity, anti-colonialism, opposition to child marriage etc. But immediately afterwards when minutely observed, binaries are formed when either his literary works themselves or his practical life provides more powerful ideas of him that contradict and cancel out each of Thakur’s prior standpoints or ideas. Thus the formed binaries are resolved and Thakur emerges as a poetic figure to peripheralize his natives. This paper has the aim to explore how in his literature Thakur’s antithetical binaries of contradictory ideas themselves merge into homogenous ideas of advocating indiscriminate assuming of Western ideas, negligence towards the cause of tortured humanity in the hand of colonialism, colonialism itself and indifference to the custom of child-marriage, and contribute to the peripheralization of the natives. KEYWORDS: Thakur, Peripheralization, the Natives, Antithetical Binaries, Merge INTRODUCTION Poet Rabindranath Thakur’s contribution to Bangla literature is priceless. He belongs to Bengal of Indo-Pak sub-continent of British colonial rule. While his Bengal is under colonial regime (1757-1947), it predictably experiences terrible colonial torture. -
Terrorists Or Guerrillas in the Mist Naeem Mohaiemen
296 / Sarai Reader 2006: Turbulence “Kothai Aj Shei Shiraj Sikder (Where Today Is that Shiraj Sikder)?” Terrorists or Guerrillas in the Mist Naeem Mohaiemen The man who had stuck the gun in his mouth now came over and warmly shook his hands. The young man was no longer a terrorist. – Afsan Chowdhury Introduction In 1971, Pakistan's eastern wing (today's Bangladesh) broke away after a genocide where an estimated 1 million Bengalis were killed.1 On 16 December, celebrating Bengalis poured into the streets to greet the liberating forces of the Bengali Mukti Bahini (Liberation Army) and its ally, the Indian army. In the middle of ecstatic celebrations, not many people noticed the scattered members of the Sharbahara Party, giving out leaflets with a counter-narrative Strange Days / 297 dramatically opposed to the national mood. Copies of the leaflets have not survived, but the slogan was similar in spirit to that circulated by the Pakistan Communist Party after the 1947 Partition of India: Lakhon insaan bhookhen hai/Yeh azaadi jhooti hai Millions of people are still hungry/This freedom is a lie In that moment of extreme and unexpected euphoria, dissonant notes were easily ignored. But indicators of the potential brutality of the future Bengali state were nested in moments like the ruthless and porno-voyeuristic public bayoneting of people accused of collaborating with the Pakistan army.2 Similarly, within this quiet moment of leaflet distribution were the roots of a decade-long guerilla war, and retaliatory 'dirty' wars that ripped apart the fabric of Bangladesh and initiated an anarchy trajectory from which it has never recovered. -
South Asian Feminisms: Contemporary Interventions / 1
South Asian Femınısms South Asian Femınısms ANIA LOOMBA and RITTY A. LUKOSE, editors Duke University Press Durham and London ≤≠∞≤ ∫ 2012 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper $ Designed by Nicole Hayward Typeset in Minion Pro by Keystone Typesetting, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data appear on the last printed page of this book. Contents ania loomba and ritty a. lukose South Asian Feminisms: Contemporary Interventions / 1 I. FEMINISM, RELIGION, AND THE SECULAR flavia agnes From Shah Bano to Kausar Bano: Contextualizing the ‘‘Muslim Woman’’ within a Communalized Polity / 33 amina jamal Global Discourses, Situated Traditions, and Muslim Women’s Agency in Pakistan / 54 atreyee sen Martial Tales, Right-Wing Hindu Women, and ‘‘History Telling’’ in the Bombay Slums / 75 II. FEMINISM, LABOR, AND GLOBALIZATION sonali perera Of Moments, Not Monuments: Feminism and Labor Activism in Postnational Sri Lanka / 97 anannya bhattacharjee Feminism, Migration, and Labor: Movement Building in a Globalized World / 117 III. FEMINISM, WAR, AND PEACE vasuki nesiah Uncomfortable Alliances: Women, Peace, and Security in Sri Lanka / 139 malathi de alwis Feminist Politics and Maternalist Agonism / 162 angana p. chatterji Witnessing as Feminist Intervention in India-Administered Kashmir / 181 IV. FEMINISM, FIGURATION, AND THE POLITICS OF READING AND WRITING lamia karim Transnational Politics of Reading and the (Un)making of Taslima Nasreen / 205 laura brueck At the Intersection -
Heroes and Villains: Masculinities of Romance, Dominance and Violence in Bangladeshi Films of 1970S
Awwal, A. SACS Special Issue 2018 Heroes and Villains: Masculinities of Romance, Dominance and Violence in Bangladeshi Films of 1970s Arpana Awwal* Abstract This paper explores some of the performative templates of masculinity of heroes and villains in Bangladeshi cinema through the study of two film texts, Noyon Moni (1976, dir. Amjad Hossain) and Rongbaj (1973, dir. Zohirul Haq). Touching on “patriarchy’s scopic regime” (Ranjan, 2006, 1102) of the social and political situation in which the films were produced, the paper aims to critically examine the representation of the relationship between the heroes/ villains and the heroines /female characters of the popular Bangla cinema of the 1970’s. The turbulent times of the 70s in Bangladesh were crucial to the film industry, as it was in others sectors of the newly formed Bangladesh, in respect to re-envisioning a new form of expression that reflected the ideologies unique from the nation’s past relation with India and Pakistan. The first register, Noyon Moni (1976) belongs to the social familial genre that depicts the conflict between old and new networks of social relationships. It questions superstition, religious debauchery and patriarchal values where ‘tradition’ and ‘modernity’ play out their continuous confrontations and negotiations with each other. Rongbaj (1973) marks a change in the genre map of Bangladeshi cinema as the first action film. The paper looks at a new form of masculinity gaining rapid popularity and making certain gendered notions of violence and compliance normative. Keywords: Bangladeshi cinema, 1970s, masculinity, social film, action film Introduction The unrealistic and spectacular image of Ananta Jalil holding his torn-out heart from his bleeding chest as a gesture of love in Nisshartho Bhalobasha (What is Love?) (2013, dir.