2009

BLACKSMITH ANNUAL REPORT Blacksmith 2009 Annual Report

Blacksmith Institute Staff

Richard Fuller Vladimir Kuznetsov President Coordinator

Meredith Block, M.PA. Petr Sharov Director of Programs Russia Far East coordinator

David Hanrahan, M.Sc. Promila Sharma Director of Global Operations Coordinator

Jodyne Kim Jenny Sunga Chief Financial Officer Coordinator

Bret Ericson Budi Susilorini Program Officer; Task Manager, Global Inventory Coordinator Project Leyan Wang Magdalene Sim Coordinator Director of Communications Ling Du Matt Greenbaum Southern China Coordinator Development Associate Peter Odhengo Rachael Vinyard East Africa Coordinator Senior Development Associate Amadou Diouf Yolaimel Mendez Senegal Coordinator Financial Administrator The Blacksmith Institute Daniel Estrada Steve Laico Coordinator 2014 Fifth Ave. New York, NY 10035 Web Administrator Phone: (212) 647-8330 Fax: (212) 647-8334 page www.blacksmithinstitute.org 2 / 24 Board of Directors Technical Advisory Board

Richard Fuller Maria del Rosario Alfario Dr. Yu Yang Gong Bill Lorenz President, Blacksmith Institute Environmental Contamination Inspector, Costa Managing Director, ESD China Limited Former Director, Environmental Resources Rica Management, Young Leaders Programme Sheldon Kasowitz David J. Green Director, GIFT Managing Partner, Indus Capital Partners Thomas G. Boivin Owner and CEO, Phoenix Soil, LLC; President, Hatfield Consultants United Retek of CT, LLC; American Lamp Ira May Ethan Devine Recycling, LLC; Green Globe, LLC; and Jayjet Geologist, U.S. Army Environmental Center Partner, Indus Capital Partners Margrit von Braun, Ph.D. P.E. Transportation, LLC Administrative Dean and Founder, Environmental Anne Riederer, Sc.D. Joshua Ginsberg Science Program, University of Idaho David Hanrahan, M.Sc. Co-Director, Global Environmental Health Senior Vice President, Global Conservation Director of Global Programs, the Blacksmith Program. Rollins School of Public Health, Emory Program, Wildlife Conservation Society Pat Breysse, M.D. Institute University Professor, Division of Environmental Health Andrew Korner Engineering; Director, Industrial Hygiene David Hunter, Sc.D. Dave Richards Chief Executive, Asian Capital Partners Group Program; Department of Environmental Health Professor of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard Independent Environmental Adviser Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of University School of Public Health Philip J. Landrigan, M.D., M.Sc. Public Health Dr. Stephan Robinson Director, Children’s Environmental Health Center, Eric Johnson Director of the International Disarmament Mount Sinai School of Medicine Grant S. Bruce Member of the Board of Trustees, Green Cross Program, Green Cross Switzerland Vice-President, Hatfield Consultants Switzerland Joshua Mailman Paul Roux President, Sirius Business Corporation Tim Brutus Donald E. Jones Chairman, Roux Associates, Inc Risk Management Specialist. Founder of Quality Environmental Solutions, Inc Conrad Meyer III Department of Environmental Protection Leona D. Samson, Ph.D. Private Investor Mukesh Khare Professor of Biological Engineering; Director, Jack Caravanos, Ph.D., CIH, CSP Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Center for Environmental Health Sciences, MIT Ronald H. Reede Director, MS/MPH program in Environmental and Institute of Technology, , India Managing Director, Equity Sales, Lazard Capital Occupational Health Sciences, Hunter College Marcello Veiga, Ph.D. Markets Philip J. Landrigan, M.D., M.Sc. Associate Professor of Engineering, Denny Dobbin Director, Children’s Environmental Health Center, Norman B. Keevil Institute of Mining Engineering, President, Society for Occupational and Mount Sinai School of Medicine University of British Columbia Environmental Health Ian von Lindern, Ph.D Brian Wilson Joshua Ginsberg, Ph.D. CEO and Chairman, Terra Graphics Program Manager, International Senior Vice President, Global Conservation Environmental Engineering, Inc Management Center; Member of the Royal Program, Wildlife Conservation Society Society of Chemistry weight than adults and tend to ingest a lot more dirt and house dust than : adults from their crawling around Blacksmith and playing outside. While children only make up 10% of the world’s Institute A Global Killer, population, over 40% of the global burden of disease falls on them. More A Solvable than three million children under age five die annually from environmental Problem factors. Blacksmith Institute is an international not‑for‑profit organization dedicated to Pollution Cleanup Still an solving life-threatening pollution issues in Emerging Activity low and middle‑income countries. A global Pollution is a global public health leader in this field, Blacksmith addresses crisis. The World Heath Organization In many countries, economic a critical need to identify and clean up the estimates that 25% of all deaths in growth and pollution still go hand- world’s worst polluted places. Blacksmith low and middle-income countries are in-hand. Unregulated industries focuses on sites where human health, directly attributable to environmental pollute the environment and sicken especially that of children, is most at risk. factors. Some researchers estimate the community while also providing that exposure to pollution causes 40% financial lifelines. As it becomes clear Based in New York, Blacksmith works of deaths annually. that the effects of endemic pollution cooperatively in partnerships that include on emerging economies can last for governments, the international community, Pollution causes chronic illness, decades, efforts to put basic regulatory NGOs and local agencies to design and neurological damage and shortened laws in place are just starting to take implement innovative, low-cost solutions lifespan. The presence of lead in hold. to save lives. Since 1999, Blacksmith has children for example, lowers I.Q. by an completed over 30 projects; Blacksmith is estimated 4-7 points for each increase A Finite, Solvable Problem currently engaged in over 40 projects in 19 of 10 μg/dL. Blacksmith’s database countries. identifies populations around the globe The understanding and the technology with blood lead levels ranging from 50 for remediating all types of polluted sites to100 μg/dL, up to 10 times the WHO is well established in the industrialized reference levels for protection against world, where life-threatening toxic neurological damage. People affected pollution has almost been eliminated. by pollution problems are also much Blacksmith’s approach to pollution more susceptible to contracting other cleanup has been proven to be cost- diseases. effective and can easily be replicated at polluted sites around the world. Children are the Most Vulnerable Moreover, there are only a finite number of highly polluted sites in the world, Children are physiologically different as documented by Blacksmith’s and more vulnerable than adults. Global Inventory Project. The health In some cases they have higher risk of each one of these sites can be page exposures since they eat, drink and eliminated through a minimal global 4 / 24 breathe more per kilogram of body commitment of resources. page Eliminating Life-Threatening Pollution 5 / 24 in Low and Middle-Income Countries with The Global Inventory Project and The Health and Pollution Fund

The Global Inventory Project The Health and Pollution Fund

The Global Inventory Project (GIP) is a developed by Blacksmith over a decade of joint effort by the Blacksmith Institute, activity in polluted sites, involves a visit to UNIDO, Green Cross Switzerland and the site and a review of key technical and the European Commission to develop a historical information. Samples are taken, comprehensive database of polluted places where credible test results are not already across the planet. Based on an existing available, and information collected related Blacksmith database of 500 polluted sites to population and pollutant pathway. and a successful Initial Site Assessment protocol, this project seeks to fortify This data is then used to calculate a ranking The Health and Pollution Fund (HPF) is The Rockefeller Foundation has invited already catalogued sites and discover other for the site on the Blacksmith Index. The a proposed multilateral fund that will be Blacksmith to reconvene at the Bellagio communities impacted by industrial and Blacksmith Index gives a number from 1 to dedicated to combating toxic pollution in Center in Italy in September 2010 to discuss mining pollutants. 10, with the latter indicating the highest risk developing countries resulting from industrial, next steps for HPF. The conference will to human health from pollution. mining and military operations. be jointly hosted by Blacksmith, the World Focused specifically in developing Bank and Asian Development Bank. It will countries and those with economies in All site information is input into an on‑line The Fund will be directed toward cleaning bring together innovators, collaborators and transition, GIP is concerned primarily database and reviewed by a team of up over 400 highly polluted locations leading experts in the field. Over the years, with identifying sites where pollution is technical experts. Other experts conduct worldwide that affect more than 100 million the Bellagio Center has been the backdrop impacting human health, and involves field visits for quality assurance purposes. people ­—people who suffer from reduced for many successful global efforts. conducting a screening health risk Investigators come from universities, life expectancies, increased cancer risks assessment that can be used as a starting research institutes, and NGOs, and bring and severe neurological damage. Projects HPF is one of the key tools needed to point for the design of future interventions. local knowledge of pollution problems. initiated by HPF will efficiently channel eliminate life-threatening pollution in low funds to local stakeholders with technical and middle-income countries. Because of Coordinated through Blacksmith’s New When completed, the GIP will have support and oversight provided by a similar efforts like the Superfund initiative York offices, almost 200 investigators in assessed around 3,000 polluted sites in central, international secretariat. in the U.S., toxic pollution has mostly been over 80 countries are being trained to over 80 countries in Africa, Asia, Latin eradicated in the industrialized world. In conduct Initial Site Assessments (ISA) of America and Eastern Europe. In 2009, Blacksmith moved forward with low and middle-income countries, lack of polluted sites. Working in collaboration efforts to create the global Health and funding is often the biggest stumbling block with local and national authorities, the Pollution Fund, working with international to remediation, especially at “orphaned” site assessment process reviews and partners and meeting with supporters from polluted sites, where the original polluter is collects as much information as possible governments and organizations around the defunct, bankrupt or otherwise unavailable from all stakeholders, including local world. to pay. HPF will support cleanup at the NGO’s, businesses, technical agencies, world’s worst polluted places. and governments. The ISA protocol, The 2009 World’s Worst Polluted Places Report 12 Cases of Cleanup and Success

Since 2006, Blacksmith’s reports meaningful progress on pollution and have generated increasing public health. understanding of the health impacts posed by the world’s worst polluted The 2009 report generated numerous places, and in some cases, have news reports around the world compelled cleanup work at these sites. with stories in the New York Times, While previous reports spotlighted the Scientific American, Associated Press, worst polluted places and problems, Reuters International Wire, Inter Press the 2009 report, jointly issued by Service, Voice of America and others. Blacksmith Institute and Green Cross Switzerland, focused on successes. A copy of the report is available online at www.worstpolluted.org. Blacksmith began work on The , Candelaria, Eastern Chernobyl areas, Europe affected Delhi, India World’s Worst Polluted Places: 12 Cases of Cleanup and Success with a worldwide call for nominations. Additional input was obtained from Blacksmith’s Technical Advisory Board, which includes leading experts from The following 10 programs, • Chernobyl-affected areas, Eastern Johns Hopkins University, Hunter alphabetically listed by location and Europe: medical, psychological and College, Harvard University and Mt. unranked, are included in the report as pedagogical interventions to improve Sinai Hospital. examples of successful efforts to reduce the lives and livelihoods of those living the toll of pollution on human health: in the zone of radiation contamination. The 2009 report documents worldwide efforts that have made a difference, • Accra, Ghana: the broad • Delhi, India: highly effective public demonstrating that pollution problems commercialization of innovative policies to reduce the vehicle can be tackled successfully and cooking stoves to reduce indoor emissions that cause urban air through models that can be replicated that causes respiratory pollution responsible for respiratory around the world. It also provides proof illnesses among women and children. illnesses. that pollution remediation is one of the most effective ways of saving lives. • Candelaria, Chile: comprehensive The examples offered are highlighted copper tailings disposal and water page as models of how the international conservation treatment system. 6 / 24 community can work together to make page 7 / 24

The Top Cleanups and Successes Haina, Kalimantan, Indonesia Old Korogwe, Rudnaya Pristan Region, Russia , China Bengal, India West Leaded Gas Phase Out Convention Chemical Weapons

• Haina, Dominican Republic: removal • Rudnaya Pristan region, Russia: Two initiatives with worldwide impact of soil contaminated by the improper removal of lead-contaminated soil in are also included: recycling of used car batteries to children’s playgrounds in order to lower reduce lead levels in children’s blood. blood lead levels in children. • Leaded Gas Phase Out: a global effort by governments, multilateral • Kalimantan, Indonesia: new • Shanghai, China: 12-year program to agencies and the private sector to techniques to reduce clean up sewage in an urban waterway eliminate lead in gasoline that causes poisoning from artisanal . that supplies drinking water to millions. neurological damage.

• Old Korogwe, Tanzania: removal of • West Bengal, India: reduction in • Chemical Weapons Convention: a stockpile of (e.g., DDT) poisoning through treatment an international treaty to eliminate responsible for contaminating soil of naturally occurring arsenic in well chemicals used as agents of warfare. and a nearby river, poisoning the local water. residents. Local facilitators conduct information sessions with high school students in Mt. Muro Southeasts a m p l e Asia p r o j e c t about the dangers of mercury used in the gold mining process. —Credit: Yayasan Tambuhak Sinta Indonesia Central Kalimantan

Reducing Mercury Pollution and Poisoning from Artisanal Gold Mining

mercury per annum, and to gold shops solution to gold shops and gold in Upper Kahayan, which process processors. Retorts and waterbox and burn amalgam in the densely condensers were distributed. populated heart of town. Follow-up work and modifications Throughout 2009, Blacksmith and YTS were made to the retorts when worked to keep the mining community necessary to make them more as well as local government efficient. These locally adapted retorts administrators informed. As a result, are 95% efficient at capturing mercury. Miners in Indonesia using a mercury-capturing retort. the project was well understood by the It is estimated that these interventions community and received much local have directly prevented over three and logistical support. metric tonnes of mercury from being Central Kalimantan is a globally significant hotspot emitted at Mt. Muro during 2009 alone. in terms of the scale of mercury released as a result The project began with direct of artisanal gold mining. Thousands of gold miners observations and measurements of The program in Upper Kahayan here use toxic mercury to extract gold from ores. mercury processing, interviews with has succeeded in convincing three- The miners have regular skin contact with mercury, bosses and miners about their work quarters of the gold shops that buy and women and children often handle it directly and the distribution of questionnaires gold and burn amalgam to adopt as it is often traded at small shops and stored in to obtain primary data from mercury technology to limit their emissions. It is homes. Mercury that is not inhaled settles into the users. estimated that these interventions have environment or circulates globally and is transformed prevented about 390 kg Hg of mercury into methylmercury, a dangerous neurotoxin that Following this, Blacksmith and YTS from being emitted. Blacksmith and contaminates the food chain worldwide. built, designed, field-tested and YTS will continue persuading the provided retort technology directly to gold shops to install the waterbox Blacksmith Institute has been working with local amalgam burners. Small retorts with condensers in the near future. partner Yayasan Tambuhak Sinta (YTS) in the remote one-kilogram capacity were distributed Mt. Muro and Upper Kahayan regions of Indonesia. to miners, and eight large-capacity It is important to note that all this The project is focused on community education and retorts (30-50kg capacity) were built equipment is already in situ, so page introducing low-cost mercury-capturing retorts to and distributed to the field. YTS also reductions in overall mercury emissions 8 / 24 miners in Mt. Muro, who release about 50 tonnes of promoted a waterbox condenser are expected to be far greater in 2010. Soil being excavated from PCB contaminated sites for bioremediation.

Southeasts a m p l e Asia p r o j e c t

Philippines Former U.S. Naval Base, Subic Former U.S. Air Base, Clark

Cleanup of Heavy Metals and PCBs

Subic

At Subic, Blacksmith partnered with the National Institute for Molecular Biology and Biotechnology at the Clark University of the Philippines in the implementation of the project. At Clark, Blacksmith’s cleanup focused Over 1000 soil samples were taken on assessments and pilot bioremediation between July and September 2009 of 60 PCB-contaminated transformer at ten locations identified as areas of sites. Out of 180 PCB transformers The former U.S. naval base in Subic and the former priority at the base. This included a at the base, these 60 never had their U.S. air base in Clark were two of the largest U.S. former firefighting training pit, a former PCB oil replaced by mineral oil due to military bases in the Asia Pacific. Now they have hazardous waste storage area, a the explosion of Mt. Pinatubo that led been transformed into a freeport zone, where a former ship repair facility and a former to the evacuation of the U.S. forces number of local and foreign investments are located. landfill. Pollutants found included heavy from Clark. metals, PCBs, dioxins, PAHs, VOCs, Because of the nature of their former use, both sites among others. Arsenic, mercury and Sites with soil samples that exceeded have varying amounts of toxic material left behind in particular were found in the residential PCB limit of 5 ppm that pose a health risk to people working inside the levels exceeding U.S. EPA standards. and industrial PCB limit of 50 ppm former bases and to the surrounding communities. were targeted for the pilot 3-5 month Over the past year, Blacksmith, supported by Results of the analysis will be bioremediation. Contaminated soil Green Cross Switzerland, conducted an updated presented to the Subic Bay was doused with water containing assessment of both sites and began pilot testing Metropolitan Area board with a petrophyllic bacteria, then covered for remediation technologies to treat the contamination. remediation plan in early 2010. anaerobic bioremediation, and then Blacksmith plans to test the use of a uncovered for aerobic remediation. natural mineral zeolite (biomin) to bind The pilot bioremediation of PCB and remove the heavy metals in the contaminated soil inside Clark is the page contaminated soil. Cleanup work is first of its kind. 9 / 24 scheduled to begin in 2010. Farmer showing Souths a mAsia p l e p r o j e c t contaminated water at Nehda Dam, Bandi River, resulting from the dyeing industry in India Blacksmith analysis found that Pali District, Rajasthan. soils surrounding canals were also Jodhpur, Pali and Balotra, Rajasthan contaminated and crops have been dying. Residents report suffering Industrial Waste Management from allergies eye irritation and skin cancer after using the contaminated well water. Osteoporosis and gastric/ enteric diseases were the other common ailments reported.

Blacksmith’s work in the area began with the formation of a local stakeholder group, which included the industries, regulators, researchers and local representatives. Hotspots of dumping and active contamination were identified and the group agreed on ways to counter the contamination together. This In April 2008, Blacksmith Institute and the Centre for ensured the cooperation of all parties Environment Education in India began assessing involved and increased the chances Pali, Jodhpur and Balotra in the western part of the of success in managing the industrial state of Rajasthan, home to textile, dye and printing waste efficiently and in a way that would industries. not threaten the economic livelihood of the local community. bio-filter developed by Indian Institute of Surface water in this semi-arid region is Technology in Kanpur was introduced to contaminated with industrial wastewater filled with Blacksmith then began gathering industry members and tested. various chemicals and dyes. Because the synthetic data. An assessment of seven dyes used in textiles are designed to resist bleaching contaminated villages was conducted. An educational campaign was also by UV-light, they are persistent in the environment Questionnaires were developed to devised. Training materials in Hindi and and some can be biologically modified into better understand the sources of other local languages were developed for carcinogenic compounds. pollution, the health impacts of the workers in the tie-dye cottage industries pollutants, and an economic profile to raise awareness of kinds of dye used, Untreated wastewater has also leached below the of the cluster cities was prepared. their chemical constituents and possible surface and contaminated underground wells and In addition, Blacksmith assessed impact of these dyes on workers’ health aquifers in the surrounding villages. A Blacksmith the capacity and efficiency of the and on the environment. survey found that an average 68 wells were existing Common Effluent Treatment page reported contaminated in Pali, 1700 in Balotra, Plants in the region in order to see Work is expected to continue in 2010. 10 / 24 and 25 in Jodhpur. where they could be upgraded. A page 11 / 24

Easts Asia a m p l e p r o j e c t

China Blacksmith has been working to developed guidelines. It will then help develop a health standard for be evaluated to produce policy Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province the industry, monitor pollutants and recommendations to the government. explore different disposal technologies. Improving Environmental and Occupational The project includes looking at plant To ensure success, Blacksmith has Health of E-waste Recycling Industry layout and arrangement, safety been working with local groups, distance, occupational health, pollution including trade associations and prevention and control facilities and e-waste recyclers, and has established technology standards, as well as a partnership with Guangdong environmental management and University of Technology on the planning. A plant will be chosen to project. be reconstructed with the newly

Qingyuan City in Guangdong Province has been a center for dismantling and recycling scrap metal for the past 20 years. Longtang town, located about 20 kilometers away from the city center, is a major hub. This small town with just 100,000 houses has more than 1000 informal e-waste “break and burn” plants, which employ at least 50,000 people, roughly a quarter of the population. These informal operations release countless toxic compounds including lead, mercury and cadmium.

E-waste dismantling operations. Easts Asia a m p l e p r o j e c t

China Diaojiang, Guangxi Province

River Contamination from Heavy Metals - Mine Tailings

remain a key source of pollution. Lack Blacksmith will fund a stakeholders’ of funds and remediation technology group to rally the community around has hampered further cleanup. the project and also a pilot report for the cleanup plan. Remediation will Blacksmith partnered with the Chinese target mine tailings in the river, river Research Academy of Environmental terraces, river banks as well as on Sciences to address this problem. farmland along the shore.

Diaojiang River is the source of the Red River water system, which flows from Nandan county to Hechi city, serving more than three million people. Today View of the mining area it is heavily polluted with heavy metals including arsenic, lead, cadmium and zinc from a mining operation that started in the 1980s. The mine not only discharged wastewater directly into the river but also left a mass of mine tailings piled on the Diaojiang river banks. The river gradually became filled with tailings washed into the water during the storm seasons. Fish and shrimp died, farmlands on the open river banks could not be cultivated, and communities downstream suffered health problems.

The government of Hechi city launched the Diaojiang treatment project in 1998 to build wastewater page treatment facilities. This has improved the water 12 / 24 quality of the river significantly. However, the tailings Centrals a m p Asia l e p r o j e c t learned about lead health hazards and ways to reduce exposure to lead. South The workshops generated nine news articles in the local media and three View of the smelter. Chimkent (Shymkent) television stories about lead issues.

Mitigation of Lead Health Hazards In addition, 13,000 special information sheets, translated into the Kazakh and Uzbek languages, were distributed. Brochures—“Lead and Children’s Health: Advice for Parents” and “Rec- ommendations on Food for Children in Industrial Areas”—were translated and distributed to schools and medical institutions.

A book for small children was translat- Kyrgyz children at a ed and used in two kindergartens and playground. first grade classes at seven schools. The schools were also offered special posters explaining the hazards of lead. The ancient city of Chimkent, home to approximately A special lesson called “My Road to 500,000 people, was developed as a big industrial School” was developed for children to center during the Soviet era. It produced about 70% involve them in individual small educa- of all lead in the Soviet Union. The production of lead tion projects. One such project won a continued at full scale through 2008 when it signifi- prize at a state contest of educational cantly decreased for economic reasons. Recent data children’s projects. indicates that over 90% of children under five living close to the smelter have blood lead concentrations Data and recommendations from Sampling the soil over the international limit of 10 µg/dl. In 2009, a Blacksmith partners Alma-Aty Center for lead. local NGO Urpak, with support from Blacksmith, initi- of Health and Environment and the Far ated a project to mitigate the health hazards of lead Eastern Health Fund were presented with an awareness-raising educational campaign to local authorities at two meet- targeted at children. ings. This resulted in a plan to initiate cleanup in the next two or three years. Educational materials from other Blacksmith projects were used to conduct four workshops. Teachers Blacksmith also provided Chimkent from 22 schools participated as well as directors City with a lead care analyzer that will and medical personnel from 12 kindergartens in Abai be used to monitor children’s blood page District, the most contaminated area. Participants lead levels. 13 / 24 Rusted and disintegrating drums expose toxic contents to the elements. Centrals a m p Asia l e p r o j e c t

Ukraine Gorlovka

Emergency Intervention at Chemical Plant

Blacksmith technical experts put the chance of Over 30 metric tons of explosive a catastrophic event occurring at the Gorlovka TNT is stored in pipes and in flooded chemical plant at more than 5% per year. The underground tanks near a neighboring estimated death toll could be in the hundreds of fertilizer plant housing liquid ammonia. thousands, much larger in scale than Chernobyl An accidental detonation would and Bhopal—two of the worst industrial accidents in produce a deadly cloud that is likely to modern history. kill up to 50% of the town’s 300,000 residents. The Gorlovka chemical plant, located on the outskirts of the town center, was the only facility Blacksmith has conducted emergency in the former Soviet Union to produce the highly intervention at the site, re-packaging toxic mono nitrochlorobenzene (MNCB) as well as some 400 drums of the most exposed TNT. It operated from 1936 to around 1994 before MNCB. Much more work needs to be going into bankruptcy in 2002. Today, the plant is in done. dangerous disrepair.

Over 15,000 tons of tons of MNCB is dumped Unexploded TNT are page outside, much of it under tarpaulins. Less than one in pipes throughout the 14 / 24 teaspoon of the toxin is a fatal dose. abandoned plant. Blacksmith teams went from house to house to remove traces of toxic lead dust.

Africas a m p l e p r o j e c t

Senegal Thiaroye Sur Mer

Lead Cleanup

Blacksmith experts, including members of the Technical Advisory board, visited Thiaroye Sur Mer to take samples and assess the site. Working with community leaders and the government of Senegal, Blacksmith and TerraGraphics Environmental Engineering trained local crews to remove about 2000 cubic meters of the worst contaminated soil in the community and to do house to house cleanup to remove toxic lead dust.

In 2009, Blacksmith was called to conduct cleanup A second round of cleanup is slated in Senegal after the sudden death of 18 children from to remove an estimated 4000 cubic the year before. Like almost every city meters of lesser-contaminated in low and middle income countries, Thiaroye Sur materials. New soil samples were also Mer has a thriving informal lead recycling market, taken from homes and community where car batteries are broken by hand and smelted areas previously cleaned to document down in kitchens and backyards. the program’s effectiveness.

Eighteen children were killed by lead poisoning in Senegal in 2008 and many more are ill. Children are the most page vulnerable victims of lead pollution. 15 / 24 Africa s a m p l e p r o j e c t Blacksmith went to Ghana in 2009 processing of e-waste and to initiate to investigate reports of haphazard practical interventions for small-scale e-waste dumping and lead poisoning waste recycling. Ghana due to the improper recycling of used car batteries. Members of the team Working with Ghanaian authorities Accra conducted preliminary environmental and the City University of New York’s assessments at several sites including School of Public Health, Blacksmith Managing Chemical Exposures from E-waste the infamous market will launch the first comprehensive and Lead from the Improper Recycling of in Central Accra, where children worker-sampling program in West Car Batteries scavenge for valuable parts in the large Africa (testing blood and urine of e-waste dump. workers burning e-waste). This will yield valuable information on the health Following a series of successful risks involved. talks with local government officials, plans were made to start several Blacksmith will also be working with projects in Ghana. Blacksmith will be Ghana’s Environmental Protection working with Ghana Health Service to Agency to help manage the recycling assess chemical exposures from the of used car batteries in the country.

The infamous Agbogbloshie recyclers market in Central Accra, Ghana, where men, women and children dismantle and burn e-waste to recycle copper, aluminum, page lead and other valuable 16 / 24 remnants. The Americas s a m p l e p r o j e c t In 2009, Blacksmith joined forces with some cases are five times higher than Fondo Nacional Para El Fomento De the international standard, producing Las Artesanias (FONART), a Mexican irreparable neurological damage in México government agency, to remove lead children. from the country’s large artisanal Removing Lead from Ceramics ceramics industry. The joint program To deal with the problem, a two-part builds on FONART’s experience while plan was conceived. First, Mexican adding Blacksmith’s resources and potters had to be convinced to technical expertise. adopt the use of a low-cost lead- free alternative glaze. To persuade An estimated 50,000 ceramics the potters to change their traditional producers in Mexico use lead-based process, blood tests were arranged for glazes. Toxic lead dust from the the community’s children to highlight process pollutes the community. As their elevated blood lead levels. Phase a result, blood lead levels for locals in two of the project will involve the cleanup of the contamination.

Many of the potteries in Mexico are small family-run operations that use traditional lead-based glazes. A family’s dinner is highly contaminated with toxic lead from the pot’s glaze.

page 17 / 24 Financial Highlights

Statement of Activities for the Year Ended December 2009

Revenue

Contributions (Unrestricted) 235,506 In-Kind Donations 604,107 Grants (Restricted) 498,625 Global Inventory Project - UK 405,999 Interest and Other Revenue 11,000

Total Revenue 1,755,238

Income Expenses

We were able to successfully procure We also benefited from the generosity Program Expense a consulting services contract for of our Board members, who $890,915 with Asian Development contributed almost $145,000. At the Global Inventory Project - GCS 86,080 Bank, which will allow us to perform a same time, we significantly broadened Global Inventory Project - UNIDO 405,999 further 550 polluted site assessments our fundraising strategies, conducting Africa 358,448 in 21 countries throughout Asia. The more extensive appeals through our Health and Pollution Fund Program 265,455 contract will commence in March of email list. We also held a successful India 151,583 2010 and end in April of 2011, so charity golf tournament that raised Latin America & Caribbean 377,189 accordingly the revenue will be shown over $35,000. These approaches Russia and other 16,598 on our financial statements in 2010. gained us total unrestricted revenues Eastern Europe & Central 12,000 of $235,506 for 2009. Asia, SouthEast Asia 256,326 The weakening economy took its Top Ten 13,292 heaviest toll in the sector of foundation Finally, our Technical Advisory Board, funding, which this year declined by composed of world-renowned leaders Total Program Expense 1,942,972 about $1 million. However, ongoing in relevant fields such as chemistry, support from Green Cross Switzerland, epidemiology, toxicology, and Management and General 221,901 Rockefeller Brothers Fund, and environmental engineering, donate Fundraising 56,115 Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors countless hours to Blacksmith. enabled us to continue a broad Total Administrative Expenses 278,016 page portfolio of anti-pollution interventions 18 / 24 throughout Russia, China, and Africa. Total Expenses 2,220,988 Global Inventory Project

Health & Pollution Fund Foundations Africa

Individuals India

L. Am & Caribbean Government Russia Corporations E. Eur. & C. Asia

Board of Directors Southeast Asia

Top Ten Other Administrative

Fundraising

Income Areas - Cash Expense Areas

Statement of Financial Position For The Year Ended Expenses December 31, 2009

Blacksmith continued to operate with remediation programs in Senegal. Assets very low overhead costs in 2009, This investment has been highly with administrative and fundraising beneficial for victims of environmental Cash 539,076 expenses amounting to 12.5% of pollution both locally and regionally: the Accounts Receivable 46,618 total outlay. 2009 saw major growth UN Basel Secretariat on Hazardous Fixed Assets 144,123 for our Global Inventory Project (GIP), Wastes has indicated that they will use Other Current Assets 12,592 currently the single largest percentage our methodology as a model for their of program expenses. This is good future interventions throughout Africa. Total Assets 742,408 news on several levels: first because The Latin American region also shows the GIP represents an unprecedented significant investment: our cleanup at Liabilities step in identifying and mapping every the used lead-acid battery smelting toxic site in the developing world, and operation in Haina, Dominican Grants Payable (Projects) 702,039 second because GIP itself was created Republic, continues apace, and we to serve as the initial point of action for have also received considerable Total Liabilities 702,039 the Health and Pollution Fund. funds for work in Mexico to address the problem of toxins used in glazed Net Assets 40,369 Expenditures in Africa remained high, pottery. page due to investment in multiple lead Total Liabilities and Net Assets 742,408 19 / 24 2009 Funders

Our support comes from a wide range of sources. Individuals We would like to express special thanks to those listed below. Michael Ashmore Valerie Lester Erika Atsumi-Stewart Toby Lunt Foundations Allen Barnett Stuart Marcus Andrew Biaglow Elizabeth McColl Climateworks Foundation Paul Brooke Margaret and William McLeod Dudley T. Dougherty Foundation, Inc. Christopher Brown Katherine Bruce Mechner Green Cross Switzerland Judy Bryson Karen Merritt Joshua Mailman Foundation Elizabeth G. Butler Conrad Meyer Martin and Susan Kozak Fund Dean O. Cameron Koji Narisawa Mechner Foundation Mary Caulkins Andrew S. Offit Michael & Mary Guarasci Charitable Fund Eugene Choi Stephen and Lynne Orbach Rockefeller Brothers Fund John B. Cobey Christopher Porto Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors Charles C. Copeland Mikhail Rapaport Schwab Charitable Foundation John and Judith Day Ron Reede Whole Systems Foundation Carla Maria Degnan Kenneth Richards III Anna Dengler Pamela Rimmon Government Aimee Derbes Paul Roux Ethan Devine Robert B. Samuels Asian Development Bank Peter Dillane Mario de Jesus San Diego European Commission James F. Doran Michael Sanfilippo Stephen Doyle Scott Salmirs Businesses Tim Duda Lisa Schlingerman Hiroshi Ebihara Marta Siberio Action Carting Environmental Services Aaron David Ferguson Donald and Andrea-Marie Smith-Jones Ambassador Construction Co. Barbara Fischer Jeffrey Ernest Stewart Archetype Consultants Michael John Gallas Charlotte Triefus CCI Construction Joshua Ginsberg Jay Vandevens Classic Recycling Gail Gorlitzz Marcello Mariz Veiga ConEdison Solutions Inc. Katherine Gould-Martin Newell Washburn Five Star Carting Irvine Hunter Thomas Wilson Great Forest Meade R. Jorgensen Michael Wolff G-Yama Sheldon Kasowitz Jack Yoskowitz Indus Capital Partners LLC Patricia Kennedy Bart Ziegler JDP Mechanical Inc. Melissa Kushner Leandro M. Zucchi Lazard Capital Markets Mary Tyler Knowles page Northeast Lamp and Recycling William S. Lamb 20 / 24 Royal Waste Services Inc. Phillip Landrigan page All Contributors 21 / 24

The Blacksmith Honors Circle Benefactors Donors James F. Doran Bonnie McKenzie ($1,000,000+) (up to $50,000) (up to $10,000) Stephen Doyle Reginald Tartaglione Aaron David Ferguson Seth and Gail Turkeltaub Green Cross Switzerland Eastern Advisors Capital Classic Recycling Andrew J. Formato Jay Vandevens Sigrid Rausing Trust Group, LLC Dudley T. Dougherty Louis Goldring and J.A. Vornado Office European Commission ERM Group Foundation Inc. Foundation, Inc. Vowles Management Kadoorie Charitable Filco Carting Corporation David Green Waldorf Carting The Blacksmith Funders (up to Foundation IESI Corporation Groundspring Fred Warner $1,000,000) Sheldon Kasowitz JDP Mechanical Inc. Michael Guarasci Jeffrey Wetzler Northeast Lamp and Royal Waste Services Inc. G-Yama Sri P. Wijegoonaratna Asian Development Bank Recycling Schwab Charitable JoAnn Hanson Steven Yanis Great Forest / Richard Fuller Oak Foundation USA, Inc. Foundation The Hobbs Group, LLC Murray Palmer Sprint Recycling Irvine Hunter Friends Funders (up to $250,000) Vista Hermosa Vincent Mulford Jem Sanitation (up to $1,000) Foundation Foundation James E. Kellett Coca Cola Foundation Kirkland & Ellis Joseph Abbatiello Indus Capital Partners, LLC Sponsors Contributors Foundation AES Inc Joshua Ginsberg Ph.D. - Marian (up to $25,000) (up to $5,000) Langlois Heating & A/C Kiyoshi Agata Naumberg Estate Service, LLC Kulsum Ahmed Mailman Foundation, Inc. Conrad Meyer III ABM Co of NY Toby Lunt Jeffrey and Marina Alario Rockefeller Brothers Fund Doyle Trading Manhattan NuEnergy Group. Vince Alban Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors Consultants, LLC ABM Janitorial-Northeast Andrew S Offit The Alden Group Inc. Five Star Carting Action Carting King, Pagano & Harrison David Alexanian Major Benefactors (up to $100,000) Gerry Ohrstrom Donors Environmental Services Robert Principe Edward T. Allenby Trust AKF Group, LLC Rapid Recycling Matthew Alles Annenberg Foundation William R. Ginsberg The Angeletti Group, LLC Peter Ridley Stanley Alpert Conservation, Food, and Health Kapadia Energy Ambassador Scott Salmirs Gregory Alain Altman Foundation Louis Berger Group, Inc. Construction Co. Robert B. Samuels Joseph J. Angelett, Jr. Mechner Foundation Provident Bank Archetype Consultants Seattle Rotary Service Kazuyuki Aoki NY Community Trust Roux Associates Michael Ashmore Foundation Randi and Michael April Lazard Capital Markets - Ron Reede Sohn Foundation Allen Barnett Richard Sheppard James M. Arkoosh Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund Whole Systems Alex and Marie Jose Eileen Shields West Gerald E. and Marilyn J. Arndt United States Environmental Protection Foundation Berenstein Andrea-Marie J. and Robert and Joyce Arthur Agency William T. Hillman Paul Brooke Donald Smith-Jones Hiroshi Asai World Bank Foundation Christopher Brown Christian Sonne Seiichi Asaka Barbara Zuckerberg Campbell Foundation Fund Spacesmith Timothy Askew Eugene Choi Hume Steyer Erika Atsumi-Stewart James Coffee Structure Tone Inc. Avanti Real Estate Advisors ConEdison Solutions Inc Richard Suggs and Shoji Baba page 22 / 24

Friends Elizabeth G. Butler Tim Cook Nicola F. Ellis Rodney Galon Stu Hendel (up to $1,000) Judy Bryson Charles C. Copeland Jeffrey Elmer Alexandra S. Garcia Bruce Henwood Sylvana Caloni Cary Cornell Keiko Enomoto Humberto & F Andrea Garcia Michael and Kathleen Hillis Richard M. Bachrach Edward Campbell Corporate Rain Christopher Eoyang Conor Gately Stephanie Hines Matthew and Margaret Balitsaris Jane Campbell John A. Cutler Bret Ericson Anne Gehris Atsushi Hirata Nic Banks Miriam Campbell Kenneth Danczewski Nathalie D. Esposito Nicholas George Penny S. L. Ho Lestrino B. Baquiran Dean O. Cameron Richard D’Angelo. A. Douglas Eu Richard Gibbens Donald and Margot Hoeman Eytan Bar-Chama Phillip Canneaux John and Judith Day Richard and Rebecca Evans Tracy Gibbons Todd and Carol Hoeman Cameron Barnett Jack Caravanos Mario de Jesus San Diego Foundation Audrey and Bryan Gillette Patrick Hogan Bill Barron Anne Carney and Noel Barrett Bart De Jong Stephen and Valerie Evans-Freke Lukin T. Gilliland, Jr. Minoru Hogawa David Barrosse Gretchen L. Caspary Charles de Trenck Lisa Failla Sara K. Gillingham Jens Hohenberg Nicholas Bartlett Melissa Castellano Stephen Deare-Bilham Faletta Carting Corporation Sara Kate Gillingham-Ryan Yosuke Honjo Amnon Bar-Tur Mary Caulkins Catherine Debreceny and Antony Hinda Farmer Robert Glassman Shin Horie Brian D. Bassett CCI Construction Martin Richard I Farr Gary Goldenberg Joan Horton Walter R. Bateman II Simon Chadwick Carla Maria Degnan Kate Farrell Amy Gomez Hiroshi Hoshi John Bates Alex Chan Anna Dengler Paul D. Farrell Katherine Gould-Martin Steve Hoskins Stan Beckers Jenny Chan John Dennis Jerry Feinstein Gail Gorlitzz Douglas C. Howland Miriam and Joseph Bellina Steve Chang Aimee Derbes Carolina Feito Richard R. Grassey, Jr. Paul L. Hudson III Charlotte Benzinger Jennifer Chao Pe Luc Derrendinger Roger H. Felberbaum William Green Teresa Hui Sine Bepler Rajiv J. Chaudhri Lino DiCuollo Susan Ferla Laura Grenning Kneeland Lynn Hummer Chris Bevan Christine Y. Chen Peter Dillane Emily M. Fields Jamie A. Grifo Hans and Laurie Hunger Andrew Biaglow Yunwei Chen Antony Dirga Barbara Fischer Guarantee Records Mgmt Akira Iizuka Amaury G. Bier Cathy Cheung Anne Melissa Dowling David Fisher and Duncan Limbaga Ross Guberman Kay Ikawa William P. Bijesse Lawrence P. Chiarello Thomas Downs Roger E. Fishman Pavlin Gueorguiev William Inabnet Kay Binnie Stephanie Chick Grant Draper Jennifer Fletcher Allen Gurevich Takeo Isaji David Binns Celine Chicote-Navas Bruce M. Dresner Laurence B. Flood Rebecca Halperin Norihisa Ishikawa Meredith Block Benjamas Chit Tibunruan Joanna Rees Driscoll Tom Fogarty David C. Halpert Tadashi Ishikuro James Bogin Henry Chow John Driscoll, Jr. Ronald Fortune Julian Hansen Kenichi Ito Malcolm Bone Richard and Margaret Christenson William M. Drummy, Jr. Christopher Franck Nicholas Harbinson Seiya Ito Jonathan Boyer Dennis Chu Tim Duda Samuel Frankel Kristen Harne Masoko Itou George Boynton Gina Lin Chu Andrew R. Dunlap Louis C. Franzetti Marcus Harshbarger Hideki Iwakami Erwin Brisso Eunu Chun and Lisa Kim Herb & Marcia Dunn Christian Frei Shigeyoshi Hasegawa Toshiro Iwasaki Brooke-McCarragher Foundation Marie and William Cimino Douglas Dunnan David R. Froelke G. Hashimoto Joseph Jackson Michael A. and Wendy Brosse Climateworks Foundation David C and Nichola D Ebel Hideo Fujii David Hatt Nathaniel Jackson Phillip A. Bruno John B Cobey Oliver Eberstadt Mutsuhisa Fujii Akira Hayakawa Samuel L. Jacob Anthony D. Bune Shari J. Cohen Hiroshi Ebihara Satoshi Fujita James D. Hays Christophe Jaubert James Burger Dennis and Eileen Colton Jun Ebisawa Richard Fuller Nancy Evans Hays Hiroki Jinnai Ernest and Diane Burgess Adam Conn Michael Ehrlich Joanna Rees Gallanter Erik and Melissa Heinen Stephen and Sandra Johnsen Cole Burton and Emily Rubidge Michael J. Conway William Eisenbeis Michael John Gallias Kate Hemphill Eugene Johnson page 23 / 24

Friends Akiko Koda Mei Lisa Luther Laura Merwin Koji Namiki Geoff Parr (up to $1,000) Kathryn Kompass Margaret Ellen Lyons Loyd and Marian Mieden Nani Philip Parry Louis and Amie Kreisberg John E. Mack Robert Mik Koji Narisawa Nicholas Payne Jesse Johnson Eric Adam kriegstein Stephen Mack Toshiaki Miki Beth Nash Paul F. Pendergast Rusty Johnson Richard L. Kubicz James MacLean Tsuneo Miki Lindsay Nelson Faith Pengelly Iain Johnston Yoshiyuki Kubo August Maffry, Jr. Ann G. Miller Network For Good Anthony D. Pennetti Iain M. Johnston John Leonard Kuehn and Elaine Paul and Angelita Magda Dean L. Miller William Newell Edward and Ellen Perley Donald Jones Catherine Paula A. Magda Eric J. Miller Kim Newman Debbie Petterson Jeff Jones Daniela G. Kunen Richard Mandel Nicole Miller Guy Nicholls Robert D. Petty Rodney Jones Melissa Kushner Jamie Mann Daniel R. Mintz John Nicolis Heleen Pfeiffer-Toucher Meade R. Jorgensen Takeo Kusunose Michael March Heena Mir Takeshi Niinami Vincent J. Pisano Robert Judkins Dave Kwan Seth D. Marcus Robert Mirams Yasuhiro Nishigaki Patrick E. Poletti Gaelle Jupet Andrew J. Lackovic Stuart Marcus Jane Mitakides Teruhiko Nishimura Allen Pomianek JustGive Gary LaFon Jose M. Marquina Shinji Miyaji Steve Novick Terry Poon Tomio Kado Stephen and Melissa Laico Martin and Susan Kozak Fund Shuji Miyaki Jeremy Oades Carol and Roger Popelka Masahiro Kadomatsu Dave Lalin Serge Maruani Hideyuki Mizuno Alexander V.& Maureen Obrien Thierry Porte Toshio Kakumoto LAM Electrical Supply Co. Toru Maruyama Shunsaku Mizuno Moomjy Christopher Porto Alexander Kalis William S. Lamb Stephen E. Marvin Shoji Mizutani Ocean Avenue Restaurant Inc. Andrew Portsmouth-Layton Rachel Kalman N. John Lancaster Betsy Massar Timothy H. Moe John Michael O’Donnell Ronnie Potel Jeffrey Kaminsky Phillip Landrigran Takuo Matsuka Yuzaburo Mogi Toshiki Oguchi Steve Powers Tatsuyuki Kanari Karen Lang Bodner Kevin J. McCaffrey Feroz Moideen Hidefumi (Harry) Ohata Meg Preissler David Kantor Pierre F. Lapeyre, Jr. Elizabeth McCaul Philip Kwan Yat Mok Jiro Okamura Siu Pui Marc E. Kasowitz Dennis Lee Elizabeth McColl Akim Monet Masanori Okio Duncan Quinn-Smith Joseph T. Kastantin Pierre Lenis Andrew R. McCullough Paulette Monserrate-Schena Koichi Onaka Margaret Rachnowitz Takaaki Kato Dominic Lepore Sam and Nance McCullough Gabriel A Montano John J. O’Neil Kirk August Radke Samieru Kawaguchi Richard and Kelly Lesperance J. Wesley McDade James Moon Ryoichi Ono Mikhail Rapaport Barbara L. Kay Valerie Lester Roger McDonald Elizabeth Moore Stephen and Lynne Orbach Marisa Raphael Daniel and Gloria Kay Katie Levin Victoria McGlothren Jack and Maggie Morgan Kazuo Osako Barry R. Rapozo Lauri and Brian Kay Heidi Levine Shaun McGovern Carla Moschetti and David Lee Masahiko Oshima Jacqueline Rasulo Patricia Kennedy Barry and Betty Lewis Margaret and William McLeod Georgia Mouzakis C P Osorio Christopher J. Reilly Marc Kenneth John S. Lindsay Alan J. McMillan Richard Moxon Michael Ostern Jeffrey and Ellen Reinkraut Andrew Kerivan Michelle K. Lindsay Julian McNamara Kevin Murphy Greg M. Ostroff Carlisle Knowlton Rex-Waller Georgiana B. Ketcham Pedro Lins de A. Barbosa Timothy Meade Richard and Nancy Muzzy Christopher John O’Sullivan Louis and Melissa Rice Atif Khawaja Andrea Linsky Melissa Meece John Mytton Brian Otis Kenneth Richards Takahiro Kimura Richard K. Llewellyn Satyen Mehta Michael Nader Thomas B. Outerbridge Mary C. Richardson Haruhiko Kizu Elizabeth Longo Robert J. Meislin Masahiro Nagayasu Sandra Page-Cook Alison Ridge Phillip Knaiger and Christy Jane Dan Lucas Mahesh Melwani Jin Nakamura Ranjan Pal Eyal Rimmon MacEwan Amanda B. Ludlow Men at Work Construction Corp. Teruo Nakamura Susan Russell Paluska Pamela Rimmon Hirotake Kobayashi David Lundell Karen Merritt Peter B. Nalle Paridon Horticultural 1979 Ltd Betsy Ring page 24 / 24

Friends Schwab Charitable Fund Michael Sofaer Charlotte Triefus Cheryl Westley (up to $1,000) Brian Schwartz Gerry Spahn Teiichiro Tsuchiya Kenneth Whee Deborah Schwartz Patrick Spillmann Tom Tsuneishi Daphne and Ralph Whitman Cameron and Carlene Roberts Luigi Scognamiglio Michael Stapleton Thomas Turiano Lee Whittaker Michael S. Robertson Searchlight Consulting, Inc. Peter Stein Mary Tyler Knowles Jay and Marie Noelle Wholley Ingrid Robeyns and Roland Pierik Douglas B. Seckendorf Michael Steinberg Takeshi Ueshima Jody William Rosenfeld Jarvis Rockwell Christine Seguin Jeffrey Ernest Stewart Julia Umnov Ann and Sewall Williams Paul and Chauncie Rodzianko Ira C Selkowitz Steve Stine Takashi Ushiku Arthur and Hanne Williams Claire Roever Sylvia Sepulveda Olivier D. Stocker Kazuki Usui Rachel and Damon Williams Pamela Rosen John Sequino William C. Stone UtiliChoice International LLC Michael Willig Edward S. Rosenbaum Wendiann Sethi Usha Subramaniam Hugo van Thomas Wilson Tycho L. Rosenfeld Kaveh Sheibani Ikuo Suesada Jean-Edouard Van Praet Anne W. Winter Trust Robert B. Ross Mark R. Shenkman Harumi Supit Adrian Van Schie Henning Witte Jennifer Rotanz Toland Sherriff Harry Suzuki Dennis and Martha Van Vactor Daniel Wolf Marilynn Rowley Yasunari Shiino Nobusato Suzuki Marcello Mariz Veiga Sarah Wolfe Paul Ruddock Hajime Shimada Peter E. Swahn George E. Vickers, Jr. Michael Wolff Nefertiti Ruff Mika Shimada Geoffrey L. Symonds Chad Vignola Canmy Wong Reuven Russell Mamoru Shinagawa Katsuya Takanashi Tessie L Vista Howard Wong Robert Russell Yasushi Shingai Yasuharu Takase Margrit Von Braun and Ian Von Pauline Wong John Russo Junichi Shiroshita Takehiko Takatsu Lindern Patrick Woods John J. Ryan, Jr. Paul C. Shiverick Kazuaki Takeuchi Diego von Buch Sean Wu E. Eric Rytter and Pamela Holman Marta Siberio Shuichi Tamai Vortex, Inc Daniel Wuthrich Kunihiko Sakioka Joe Silk Bernice W. A. Tan Nelson S. Walsh Koya Yamada James Salik Natalie Sarah Silver Eiichi Tanabe Kitty Wan Masaya Yamashiro Mary and Scott Salmirs Paul G. S. Silver Koji Tanaka Tai-Li Wang Michiro Yamashita Machiel Salomons David A. Silverman Kristi A. Tange, Ichiro Tange Charles W. Ward Junichi Yamazaki Jack L. Salzman Kathryn Simpson Paul P. Tanico Sean Warren Ferida Yang Nancy Sammon Tan Hiap Sing Shimpei Taniguchi Sean C. Warren Maria Yang Bill Sanchez Sarina Singhi Yoshiyuki Tateishi Newell Washburn Lisa Yeh Michael Sanfilippo Matthew J. Sippel James and Marjorie Taylor Yoshifumi Watanabe Grace Yiu Fredric P. Sapirstein Suzanne Skyvara Kiyotaka Teranishi Owen Rhys Watkins Paul Yiu Marie T. Sassi Alice Slater Takashi Terashima Steven W. Wayne Kunihiko Yoshida Setsuya Sato Todd and Susan Slater Thomson Scientific Instruments Trisha and Matthew Weber Kayoko Yoshimitsu Shingo Sato Garfield Smith Mark A. Thorburn Loren P. Weiss Jack Yoskowitz Stephen J. Schaefer Justin B. Smith Courtney Tinnan Bruce & Nanci Weissgold Peter Young Lisa Schlingerman Mark Smith Akihide Toda Liz Welch Sun Yum Richard Schmidt Oona Marie Smith Roslyn Tom Wellspent.Org Laura Zhou Susan J. Schoenfeld Richard N. Smith Goro Toyama Richard M. Wertheimer Bart Ziegler Philippe Scholl John L. So Leonardo Trasande Michael J. Westcott Leandro M Zucchi