• Abstract and Figures
• Public Full-text

Inklings Forever Volume 5 A Collection of Essays Presented at the Fifth Frances White Ewbank Colloquium on C.S. Lewis & Article 17 Friends 6-2006 What Has Aslan to do With Tash? C.S. Lewis and Natural Theology Christina Hitchcock University of Sioux Falls Follow this and additional works at: https://pillars.taylor.edu/inklings_forever Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, History Commons, Philosophy Commons, and the Religion Commons Recommended Citation Hitchcock, Christina (2006) "What Has Aslan to do With Tash? C.S. Lewis and Natural Theology," Inklings Forever: Vol. 5 , Article 17. Available at: https://pillars.taylor.edu/inklings_forever/vol5/iss1/17 This Essay is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for the Study of C.S. Lewis & Friends at Pillars at Taylor University. It has been accepted for inclusion in Inklings Forever by an authorized editor of Pillars at Taylor University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INKLINGS FOREVER, Volume V A Collection of Essays Presented at the Fifth FRANCES WHITE COLLOQUIUM on C.S. LEWIS & FRIENDS Taylor University 2006 Upland, Indiana What Has Aslan to do With Tash? C.S. Lewis and Natural Theology Christina Hitchcock Hitchcock, Christina. “What Has Aslan to do With Tash? C.S. Lewis and Natural Theology.” Inklings Forever 5 (2006) www.taylor.edu/cslewis What Has Aslan to do With Tash? C.S. Lewis and Natural Theology Christina Hitchcock In The Last Battle, Lewis tells the story of the end possibility of true knowledge of ultimate reality through of Narnia. This beautiful world comes to a close as the natural or human sources. The character of Emeth may children and animals watch from inside the stable door. offer some insight into Lewis’s understanding of what The stable, like so many things in Narnia, is bigger on he calls “myth” and what many theologians call “natural the inside than it is on the outside. The children are theology.” finally discovering Aslan’s own true country. But they To properly understand the story of Emeth (as well are not the only ones to discover this country. Also as the Chronicles of Narnia as a whole) we must first within the stable is Emeth, a Calormene, who has spent understand Lewis’s distinction between allegory and his life worshiping the demon-like god of the symbol. Lewis proffers definitions in a 1939 essay, “‘In Calormene’s—Tash. Emeth is as surprised as the Allegory the images stand for concepts (giant Despair, children at his inclusion in this new world. In response Mr. Legality); in Symbolism for something the poet has to their questioning he describes his encounter with experienced but which he has not reduced, perhaps Aslan, cannot reduce, to a concept.’” Indeed, the difference is in the specificity. Lewis goes on to say, “‘Allegory can The Glorious One bent down his golden head always be translated back into the concepts: the and touched my forehead with his tongue and “meaning” of a symbolical work cannot be stated in said, Son, thou art welcome. But I said, Alas, conceptual language because it is too concrete.’”2 Lord, I am no son of Thine, but the servant of While allegories have a one-to-one correspondence that Tash. He answered, Child, all the service thou can be expressed through a single concept, symbols are hast done to Tash, I account as service done to much richer and point towards the “more real invisible me. Then . I overcame my fear and world.”3 The Narnia Chronicles have often been read questioned the Glorious One and said, Lord is as allegory, but Lewis repeatedly stated that they did it then true, as the Ape said, that thou and not fit into this category. The more proper category for Tash are one? The Lion growed so that the the Chronicles as a whole is symbol. As symbol, these earth shook (but his wrath was not against me) stories leave our world not for a world of fiction per se, and said, It is false. Not because he and I are but for a world Lewis considered more real than our one, but because we are opposites, I take to own. Symbol does not stand for a concept, but rather me the services which thou hast done to him, tells an entire story. To use Lewis’s own language, for I and he are of such different kinds that no Narnia is a re-symbolizing of the world revealed in service which is vile can be done to me, and Christianity. If symbol is the proper category for the none which is not vile can be done to him. Chronicles as a whole, we can assume that this is also Therefore, if any man swear by Tash and keep the proper category for Emeth and his story. As such, his oath for the oath’s sake, it is by me that he we must ask what story or meaning Lewis is has truly sworn, though he know it not, and it symbolizing in Emeth. is I who reward him . But I also said (for Lewis believed that symbol was most fully the truth constrained me), Yes I have been embodied in what he called Myth. Myth, for Lewis, is seeking Tash all my days. Beloved, said the the archetypal stories that strike deep into the roots of Glorious One, unless thy desire had been for our imagination and give meaning to our lives. Myth me, thou wouldst not have sought so long and taps into that deep longing that all people have but so truly. For all find what they truly seek.1 cannot always understand. He writes, “Most people, if they had really learned to look into their own hearts, Here we have in fictional form what Lewis had long would know that they do want and want acutely, contemplated and spoken of in other places—the something that cannot be had in this world. There are What Has Aslan to do With Tash? C.S. Lewis and Natural Theology ● Christina Hitchcock all sorts of things in this world that offer to give it to societies to the Law given to the people of Israel, you, but they never quite keep their promise.”4 claiming that both serve the same function—to lead Myth, for Lewis, has multiple characteristics. First, God’s people to Christ. As Richard Cunningham it allows the hearer to experience truth on a deeper level explains, “Mythological structures are inherent in the than just the intellect. Myth reaches the imagination, nature of reality, structures tied not to certain words but which is the organ of meaning, rather than the intellect, to certain patterns of events that impress themselves on which is the organ of fact. Myth embodies a universal human imagination . Myth is one of the means by reality and therefore acts as a bridge between absolute which God reveals himself to mankind. Lewis believes reality and our own realm of abstract truth. Myth is that God is revealing himself in many ways and in many more than factual and symbolizes something that cannot places.”9 This revelation is exemplified by Lewis when be reduced to a mere concept. Because of this, myth he states that the pagan myth of that the Corn-King is a always has an element of the fantastic, which is always portrait of Christ. In Miracles Lewis writes, “The in reference to the supernatural which the myth similarity [between Christ and the Corn-King] is not at embodies. Therefore, Lewis believes that myths fulfill all unreal or accidental. For the Corn-King is derived God’s purpose by reflecting brokenly the true light. (through human imagination) from the facts of Nature, Lewis called myth “a real though unfocused gleam of and the facts of Nature from her Creator: the Death and divine truth falling on human imagination.”5 Re-birth pattern is in her because it was first in Him.”10 It is here that we begin to see his connection to Lewis does admit that because Israel was the chosen natural theology. Natural theology claims that humans people theirs was the chosen mythology, but no other can have some knowledge of God through the natural, distinctions are made between the Law and the myths of created world, including innate human capacity. pagan cultures. Both seem to have the same goal and Lewis’s understanding of epistemology grew out of his the same ability to reach that goal. understanding of humans as both rational and Following this theme, Lewis describes Christianity imaginative, and he believed that these two faculties as “the myth that came true.” For Lewis myth and truth could lead humans to an understanding of God. This is are usually two separate realities. Truth is the realm of done through myth, which touches the imagination, as fact while myth is the realm of meaning. The myths of understood through reason. Lewis believed that non- pagan cultures and of ancient Israel are truthful in the Christian myths and the Christian myth are all pointing sense that they convey true existential significance, not to the same true God, though the pagan myths are “dim in the sense that they are historically based. However, dreams or premonitions of that same event many things that are grounded in history and fact are [redemption].”6 We can see this in the conversation devoid of this significance, in and of themselves. Edmund and Lucy have with Aslan at the end of their According to Lewis, it is in Christ that myth and truth journey on the Dawn Treader.

Load more

  7

Copy Link