Detailed Country Reviews Report
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DETAILED COUNTRY REVIEWS REPORT (Semester 2: Task 1.2 – 1) Part I – Summary Part II – Reviews PUBLICATION CREDITS: Title: Detailed Country Reviews Author: Rob Brett (editor) Date: December 2000 Special Keryn Adcock, Rob Brett, Drew Conybeare, Raoul du Toit, Richard Emslie, acknowledgements: Antonio Reina This report is an output from a task of the SADC Regional Programme for Rhino Conservation. ABOUT the SADC Regional Programme for Rhino Conservation: The Programme is funded by the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Directorate General for Development Cooperation (Project AID 5064). The Programme is contracted to CESVI and implemented through a regional consortium which comprises: The Secretariat of the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC) IUCN-ROSA (The World Conservation Union - Regional Office for Southern Africa) The IUCN African Rhino Specialist Group WWF-SARPO - (World Wide Fund for Nature - Southern Africa Regional Programme Office) CESVI (Cooperazione e Sviluppo) The Programme goal is to contribute to maintain viable and well distributed metapopulations of Southern African rhino taxa as flagship species for biodiversity conservation within the SADC region. The Programme objective is to implement a pragmatic regional rhino strategy within the SADC region following the acquisition of sound information on, firstly, the constraints and opportunities for rhino conservation within each range state and secondly, the constraints and opportunities for rhino metapopulation management at the regional level. DISCLAIMER The information, opinions and materials presented herewith do not necessarily reflect the official views of any of the organisations involved, including the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, SADC, CESVI, IUCN- ROSA, WWF-SARPO, AfRSG or governments of SADC member countries. CONTACT DETAILS FOR THE PROGRAMME: Dr. Rob Brett SADC Secretariat SADC Regional Rhino Programme Coordinator Directorate of Food, Agriculture and Natural IUCN-ROSA Resources 6 Lanark Road Belgravia PO Box 745 Harare, POBox 0095 Gaborone Botswana Zimbabwe Tel: 263-4-728266 Fax: 263-4-720738 Email: [email protected] CESVI Zimbabwe Office Ministero degli Affari Esteri 9 Northwood Rise, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Direzione Generale per la Cooperazione allo Zimbabwe Sviluppo, Unità Tecnica Centrale TEL/ FAX: 263-4-882243, 884492, 850898 Viale Contarini (angolo Viale Farnesina) EMAIL: [email protected] 00194 ROMA ITALY PROGRAMME WEB SITE: We invite you to vist our web site : www.rhino-sadc.org 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Acronyms .................................................................................................................................... 10 PART I SUMMARY............................................................................................................. 13 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 13 Terms of Reference for Review of Rhino Range States ....................................................................... 13 Salient Points and Issues ...................................................................................................................... 23 PART II DETAILED COUNTRY REVIEWS ........................................................ 27 SOUTH AFRICA (Task 1.2 – 1.4)......................................................................................... 27 A NORTH WEST PARKS AND TOURISM BOARD............................................... 27 1 MECHANISMS FOR PLANNING AND COORDINATING NATIONAL RHINO CONSERVATION EFFORTS........................................................................................................................................... 27 1.1 Rhino Management Authority.............................................................................................. 27 1.2 National Rhino Strategy....................................................................................................... 27 1.3 Action Planning.................................................................................................................... 27 1.4 Coordination Mechanisms ................................................................................................... 27 1.5 Focal Point........................................................................................................................... 27 2 EXISTING MECHANISMS FOR COLLABORATION WITH OTHER RANGE STATES ............ 28 2.1 Current Bilateral Arrangements ........................................................................................... 28 2.2 Previous Bilateral Arrangements......................................................................................... 28 3 RHINO POPULATION STATUS................................................................................................. 28 3.1 Summary Statistics on rhino numbers, distribution and trends ........................................... 28 3.2 Population monitoring and reporting.................................................................................... 28 3.3 Requirements for surveys and monitoring........................................................................... 28 4 MANPOWER AND OTHER RESOURCES FOR RHINO CONSERVATION............................. 29 4.1 Anti-poaching resources...................................................................................................... 29 4.2 Expertise available for specialised aspects of rhino management...................................... 29 4.3 Specialised equipment available for rhino management..................................................... 30 5 PARTICIPATION OF NON-STATE AGENCIES IN RHINO CONSERVATION ......................... 30 5.1 Community Involvement ...................................................................................................... 30 5.2 Local and International NGO Involvement .......................................................................... 30 5.3 Private Sector Involvement.................................................................................................. 30 6 PROPOSED PROJECTS ........................................................................................................... 30 6.1 Security................................................................................................................................ 30 6.2 Rhino Monitoring.................................................................................................................. 31 6.3 Community........................................................................................................................... 31 7 NATIONAL LEGISLATION AND POLICIES............................................................................... 32 7.1 Penalties .............................................................................................................................. 32 7.2 Ownership of Rhinos ........................................................................................................... 32 7.3 Hunting and live sales of rhinos........................................................................................... 32 8 DATA SOURCES........................................................................................................................ 32 8.1 Names, addresses and contact details of all informants/interviewees................................ 32 9 TRADE AND IMPORT/EXPORT OF LIVE RHINOS .................................................................. 33 9.1 CITES Management Authority............................................................................................. 33 9.2 Veterinary Controls.............................................................................................................. 33 9.3 Past Imports and Exports .................................................................................................... 33 10 HORN STOCKS ...................................................................................................................... 33 10.1 Control, Storage and Identification................................................................................... 33 10.2 Involvement in AfRSG rhino horn fingerprinting project .................................................. 33 2 B SANP, KZNW and Other Areas ................................................................................... 34 1 MECHANISMS FOR PLANNING AND COORDINATING NATIONAL RHINO CONSERVATION EFFORTS........................................................................................................................................... 34 1.1 Rhino Management Authority.............................................................................................. 34 1.2 National Rhino Strategy....................................................................................................... 35 1.3 Action Planning.................................................................................................................... 35 1.4 Coordination Mechanisms ................................................................................................... 36 1.5 Focal Point........................................................................................................................... 36 1.6 Potential for facilitation by SADC rhino programme............................................................ 36 2 EXISTING MECHANISMS FOR COLLABORATION WITH OTHER RANGE