Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State

Volume 2010 Article 19

2010

Analyzing the Arkansas River Caddoan Cultural Landscape

Robert L. Brooks Unknown

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Cite this Record Brooks, Robert L. (2010) "Analyzing the Arkansas River Caddoan Cultural Landscape," Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: Vol. 2010, Article 19. https://doi.org/ 10.21112/.ita.2010.1.19 ISSN: 2475-9333 Available at: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2010/iss1/19

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This article is available in Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State: https://scholarworks.sfasu.edu/ita/vol2010/iss1/19      

Robert L. Brooks

„•–”ƒ –

Š‹• ’ƒ’‡” ‡šƒ‹‡• –Š‡ ”ƒ•ƒ• ‹˜‡” ƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”ƒŽ Žƒ†• ƒ’‡ –Š”‘—‰Š —•‡ ‘ˆ Dzƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ ‰”ƒƒ”dzǤ  ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ ‰”ƒƒ” ’”‡•‡–• ƒ ‡ Šƒ‹• –‘ Ž‘‘ ƒ– –Š‡ ’”ƒ –‹ ‡•‘ˆ”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”ƒ††‘ƒ•ƒ•–Š‡› ‘•–”— ––Š‡‹”‘—†ƒ†”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡•Ǥ Š”‘—‰Š–Š‹•ƒƒŽ›•‹•ǡϐ‹˜‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡– —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡•™‡”‡ ‘•–”— –‡†ǣ”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡•ǡ •‹‰Ž‡‘—†•™‹–Š‘—–”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘ǡ•‹‰Ž‡‘—†•™‹–Š”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘ǡ —Ž–‹’Ž‡ ‘—†• ‘ˆ –Š‡ •ƒ‡ ‘•–”— –‹‘ –›’‡ǡ ƒ† —Ž–‹’Ž‡ ‘—†• ‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‘•–”— –‹‘–›’‡Ǥ —”–Š‡”ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡•‡’Žƒ ‡•‘–Š‡Žƒ†• ƒ’‡•—‰‰‡•––Šƒ–”ƒ–Š‡” –Šƒ‘”†‡”‡†Š‹‡”ƒ” Š›‘ˆ ‡–‡”•ǡ–Šƒ––Š‡ƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡”‡’”‡•‡–•ƒ‡ˆˆ‘”– –‘„—‹Ž†–‘ƒˆ‘”ƒŽ‹œ‡†–‡’Žƒ–‡Ǥ

–”‘†— –‹‘

Š‹•’ƒ’‡”‡šƒ‹‡•–Š‡ —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡‘ˆ–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ƒ††‘ƒ•‘ ‹‡–‹‡•ƒ•’”‡•‡–‡† –Š”‘—‰Šƒ ˆ”ƒ‡™‘”Ǥƒ”Ž‹‡”•–—†‹‡•‡šƒ‹‡†–Š‡•‡––Ž‡‡–ƒ†•—„•‹•–‡ ‡’”ƒ –‹ ‡•‘ˆ–Š‹•”‡‰‹‘ ȋ› ‘ˆˆͳͻͺͲȌƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ••‡––Ž‡‡–’ƒ––‡”•Ȁ†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘•ȋ”‘™ǡ‡ŽŽǡƒ†› ‘ˆˆͳͻ͹ͺȌǤ‘”‡”‡ ‡– ™‘”„›‘‰‡ŽȋʹͲͲ͸ȌŠƒ••–—†‹‡† ‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ ‡–‡”•ƒ†‘—†•‹–‡•—•‹‰ ƒƒŽ›•‹•Ǥ›ƒƒŽ›•‹•„—‹Ž†• —’‘‘‰‡Žǯ••–—†›„›‡šƒ‹‹‰‘–‘Ž›‘—†•‹–‡•ƒ† ‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ ‡–‡”•„—–ƒŽ•‘–Š‡ƒ›”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ ’Žƒ ‡•‘ —’‹‡†„›ƒ††‘ƒ•‘ ‹‡–‹‡•‹–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ǤŠ‡–Š‡‘”‡–‹ ƒŽ„ƒ•‡‘ˆ–Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•Ž‹‡•‹ –Š‡ˆ”ƒ‡™‘”‘ˆDzƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ‰”ƒƒ”dzǤ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡Ž›ͳͲ›‡ƒ”•ƒ‰‘ǡ‡™‹•ǡ–‘—–ǡƒ†‡••‘ǯ•ȋͳͻͻͺȌ ‹–”‘†— –‹‘–‘Mississippian Towns and Sacred Spaces ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†–Š‡ ‘ ‡’–‘ˆƒƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ‰”ƒƒ”Ǥ ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ‰”ƒƒ”ǡ†‡”‹˜‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•ƒ†’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ’”ƒ –‹ ‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹••‹••‹’’‹ƒ ‘—‹–‹‡•ǡ ”‡•—Ž–‡†‹ƒ„Ž—‡’”‹–ˆ‘”–Š‡”‹–—ƒŽ‹œ‡† ‘•–”— –‹‘‘ˆ–‘™•ƒ† ‡–‡”•Ǥ–Ž‡ƒ•–’‘”–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‹•‰”ƒƒ”ǡ –Š‡›ƒ”‰—‡†ǡ ƒ„‡ƒ” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽŽ›˜‹•—ƒŽ‹œ‡†ǤŠ‡‹” ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘™ƒ•ˆ‘ —•‡†‘–Š‡„—‹Ž–‡˜‹”‘‡– ƒ††‹†‘–‹ Ž—†‡‘–Š‡”‡Ž‡‡–•‘ˆ–Š‡ —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡Ǥƒ’’ƒ†•Š‘”‡ȋͳͻͻͻǣͳͲǦͳ͵Ȍ†‡• ”‹„‡ ‘•–”— –‡†ǡ ‘ ‡’–—ƒŽ‹œ‡†ǡƒ†‹†‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡•Ǥ‘•–”— –‡†Žƒ†• ƒ’‡•”‡ϐŽ‡ ––Š‡„—‹Ž–‡˜‹”‘‡– ƒ†”‡’”‡•‡–ƒƒ –‹˜‡‹–‡”˜‡–‹‘„›ƒ‰”‘—’‹‘†‹ϐ‹ ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡‹•‘‡ˆƒ•Š‹‘Ǥ  ‘–Š‡” ƒ•‡•ǡ–Š‡ƒ–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡ƒ›Šƒ˜‡ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‹˜‡”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•ǡƒ”–‹•–‹ ǡ‘”•‘ ‹ƒŽ‡ƒ‹‰ǤŠ‹•”‡ϐŽ‡ –•ƒ ‘ ‡’–—ƒŽ‹œ‡†Žƒ†• ƒ’‡ǤŠ‡–Š‹”†Žƒ†• ƒ’‡ˆ‘”‹•ƒ‹†‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‘‡–Šƒ––ƒ‡•‘–Š‡”‘Ž‡‘ˆ•‡”˜‹‰ƒ•ƒ •›„‘Ž‹ ”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡ˆ‘”›–Š‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽŠ‹•–‘”‹‡•‘”‘–Š‡”‰”‘—’”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡•Ǥ•–Š‡‘”‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‡ —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡ Šƒ˜‡ ‘–‹—‡†–‘‡˜‘Ž˜‡ǡ–Š‡”‡Šƒ•„‡‡ƒ‘˜‡‡–ƒ™ƒ›ˆ”‘–Š‡„ƒ•‹ ƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ‰”ƒƒ”‘”„—‹Ž– ‡˜‹”‘‡––‘‘‡ ‘•‹•–‹‰‘ˆ†‡‡’‡”ǡ•–”— –—”ƒŽˆ‘”•ǤŠ‡†‡•‹”‡‹–Š‹•’ƒ’‡”‹•–‘”‡–—”–‘‡šƒ‹‹‰ –Š‡ —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡‘ˆ–Š‡–‘™ƒ† ‡–‡”ƒ• —Ž–—”ƒŽȀ•ƒ ”‡†Žƒ†• ƒ’‡•ǤŠ—•ǡ–Š‹•Dz‰”ƒƒ”Dz•‡”˜‡•ƒ• ƒ–‘‘Ž„›™Š‹ Š–‘†‹•–‹‰—‹•Š•–”— –—”ƒŽ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•‹–Š‡ ‘•–”— –‹‘‘ˆ”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ• ‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ ’Žƒ ‡•‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡Ǥ 

ĆĉĉĔėĈčĊĔđĔČĞ ĔĚėēĆđȈ͵ͷ ƒ††‘ƒ—Ž–—”‡•

ƒ††‘ƒ ‹• –Š‡ –‡” —•‡† ‹ ”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡ –‘ –Š‡ ™‡•–‡”‘•– ‘—† „—‹Ž†‹‰ •‘ ‹‡–‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹••‹••‹’’‹ƒ ‘”Ž† ȋ‘‰‡”• ƒ† ƒ„‘ ʹͲͲͶȌǤ  ‹–‡• ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š –Š‹• —Ž–—”ƒŽ ‡š’”‡••‹‘ ‡š–‡† ˆ”‘ ‘”–Š™‡•–”ƒ•ƒ•ƒ†‘”–Š‡ƒ•–ŽƒŠ‘ƒ•‘—–Š–‘‘”–Š™‡•–‘—‹•‹ƒƒƒ†‘”–Š‡ƒ•–‡šƒ•Ǧ–‡–Š‡”‡† ƒ”‘—†‡’‹Ǧ ‡–‡”••— Šƒ•’‹”‘‘—†•‹ŽƒŠ‘ƒƒ†–Š‡ ‡‘”‰‡Ǥƒ˜‹•‘—†‰”‘—’‹‡šƒ•ȋ ‹‰—”‡ ͳƒǦ„ȌǤƒ††‘ƒ•‘ ‹‡–›‹•‡š’”‡••‡†–Š”‘—‰Šƒƒ””ƒ‰‡‡–‘ˆŠƒŽ‡–•ǡ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡•ǡ•‹‰Ž‡‘—†•‹–‡•ǡƒ† ‘—† ‡–‡”•†‹•–”‹„—–‡†ƒŽ‘‰’”‹ ‹’ƒŽ™ƒ–‡”™ƒ›•‘ˆ–Š‡”‡‰‹‘Ǥ –Šƒ•„‡‡”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡†ˆ‘”•‘‡–‹‡ –Šƒ––Š‡ƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡Šƒ•‘–ƒ„Ž‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•ˆ”‘–Š‘•‡‘ˆ–Š‡‰”‡ƒ–‡”‹••‹••‹’’‹ƒ’ƒ––‡”Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡŽƒ”‰‡“—ƒ–‹–‹‡•‘ˆŠ‹‰ŠŽ›’”‡•–‹‰‹‘—•ˆ—‡”ƒ”›‘ˆˆ‡”‹‰•ˆ”‘•‹–‡••— Šƒ•’‹”‘„‡Ž‹‡–Š‡ƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”ƒŽ‡š’”‡••‹‘ƒ•„‡‹‰‘ˆŽ‡••‡‡†•‹‰‹ϐ‹ ƒ ‡‹–Š‡‹••‹••‹’’‹ƒ‘”Ž†Ǥ•‡”––—ŽƒȋʹͲͲͻȌŠƒ•‘–‡†ǡ ™Š‹Ž‡–Š‡ƒ††‘ȋƒ††‘ƒȌƒ”‡ƒ‹• Ž‡ƒ”Ž›‹˜‘Ž˜‡†‹–Š‡‹••‹••‹’’‹ƒ‡š’”‡••‹‘ǡ–Š‡”‡‹•ƒŽ•‘‡˜‹†‡ ‡–Šƒ– ’‘‹–•–‘–Š‡‹†‡’‡†‡–†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–‘ˆƒ›ƒ•’‡ –•‘ˆƒ††‘ȋƒ††‘ƒȌ•‘ ‹‡–›Ǥ  Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡• „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”ƒŽ Žƒ†• ƒ’‡ ƒ† –Šƒ– ‘ˆ ‹••‹••‹’’‹ƒ •‘ ‹‡–‹‡•‹–Š‡•‘—–Š‡ƒ•–ƒ†‹†™‡•–ǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ƒŽ•‘†‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‹‰ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹ •„‡–™‡‡–Š‡ƒ††‘ƒ ’ƒ––‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ƒ†–Šƒ–‘ˆ–Š‡‡†‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ǤŠ‹•Šƒ•Ž‡†–‘•‘‡‘ˆ—•†‡• ”‹„‹‰–Š‡ ‡†‹˜‡”’ƒ––‡”ƒ•–Š‡‡†‹˜‡”ƒ††‘†—‡–‘ƒ†‹”‡ – —Ž–—”ƒŽƒˆϐ‹Ž‹ƒ–‹‘™‹–Š‘™Š‹•–‘”‹ ƒ††‘‰”‘—’• ȋ‡Ǥ‰Ǥǡ–Š‡ ƒ•‹ƒ‹ǡƒ†‘Šƒ†ƒ Š‘ǡƒ– Š‹–‘ Š‡•ǡƒ†ƒ”‘ǡ‡– Ȍƒ†–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”’ƒ––‡”ƒ•–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ• ‹˜‡”ƒ††‘ƒ†—‡–‘ƒŽƒ ‘ˆ†‹”‡ – —Ž–—”ƒŽƒˆϐ‹Ž‹ƒ–‹‘™‹–Šƒ›‘™Š‹•–‘”‹ ƒ††‘‰”‘—’Ǥ ˆƒ –ǡ–Š‡ ”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ƒ††‘ƒ ‘—Ž†™‡ŽŽ”‡’”‡•‡––Š‡Š‹•–‘”‹ ƒŽŽ›‘™‹ Š‹–ƒȋ‡Ǥ‰Ǥǡ–Š‡ƒ™ƒ‘‹Ȍ‘” ‹ Šƒ‹ȋ Ǥˆǡ› ‘ˆˆͳͻͺͷȌ‘”‰”‘—’•‘ˆƒ††‘ƒŽƒ‰—ƒ‰‡•’‡ƒ‡”•–Šƒ–†‹†‘–•—”˜‹˜‡‹–‘Š‹•–‘”‹  ‘–ƒ – –‹‡•ǤŠ‹Ž‡–Š‹•ƒ›•‡‡ ‘ˆ—•‹‰–‡”‹‘Ž‘‰›ǡ‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽŽ›–‘–Š‘•‡—ˆƒ‹Ž‹ƒ”™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ††‘ƒƒ”‡ƒǡ‹– •‡”˜‡•–‘Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š––Š‡ˆƒ ––Šƒ––Š‡ƒ††‘ƒƒ”‡ƒ•Š‘—Ž†‘–„‡˜‹‡™‡†ƒ• —Ž–—”ƒŽŽ›Š‘‘‰‡‘—•Ǥ

 Šƒ„ƒ ŠŠƒ• ”‹–‹ ƒŽŽ›‡šƒ‹‡†–Š‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•„‡–™‡‡–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ƒ††‘ƒƒ† –Š‡ ‡† ‹˜‡” „ƒ•‹ ƒ††‘ ƒ† ƒ”‰—‡† ’‡”•—ƒ•‹˜‡Ž› ˆ‘” –Š‡ ”ƒ•ƒ• ‹˜‡” „ƒ•‹ —Ž–—”‡• ”‡’”‡•‡–‹‰ ƒ ’ƒ––‡”–Šƒ–‘”‡ Ž‘•‡Ž›’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž•–Šƒ–‘ˆ–Š‡‹••‹••‹’’‹‹˜‡”˜ƒŽŽ‡›Ǥƒ•‡†’”‹ ‹’ƒŽŽ›‘ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ —Ž–—”‡ǡ Š‡ •—‰‰‡•–‡† –Šƒ– –Š‡ ”ƒ•ƒ• ‹˜‡” „ƒ•‹ ƒ††‘ƒ ’ƒ––‡” ™ƒ• †‡”‹˜‡† ˆ”‘ ’”‹‡•–Ž› ”—Ž‡”• –”ƒ˜‡Ž‹‰ —’•–”‡ƒ‘–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”ȋ Šƒ„ƒ Šͳͻͻ͵ƒǡͳͻͻ͵„ǡͳͻͻͻȌǤŠ‡•‡™‡”‡–Š‘—‰Š––‘”‡ϐŽ‡ –—‹ ƒ Dz–”ƒ†‡”•Ȁ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•Ž‡ƒ†‡”•dz–Šƒ–—Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž›”‡•—Ž–‡†‹ƒ”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”’ƒ––‡”ˆ‘ —•‡†ƒ”‘—†ƒDz‡–”‡’Ø–dz •›•–‡Ȃ‡š Šƒ‰‹‰„‹•‘Š‹†‡•ƒ†‘–Š‡”Žƒ‹•‰‘‘†•ˆ‘”–Š‡”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•’ƒ”ƒ’Š‡”ƒŽ‹ƒƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡ ‹••‹••‹’’‹ƒ‘”Ž†ǤŠ‹•˜‹‡™™ƒ•‹‹–‹ƒŽŽ› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡†„›”—•‡–Šǡ‹Ž•‘ǡƒ†‡”––—ŽƒȋͳͻͻͷȌ™Š‘ƒ”‰—‡† –Šƒ–Ž‹––Ž‡‡˜‹†‡ ‡‡š‹•–•ˆ‘”–Š‡’”‡•‡ ‡‘ˆƒ‡–”‡’Ø–•›•–‡„‡–™‡‡’‹”‘ƒ†–‘™•Ȁ ‡–‡”•‘–Š‡‡† ‹˜‡”‘”–Š‡Žƒ‹•Ǥ ƒŽ•‘ƒ”‰—‡†–Šƒ–‡˜‹†‡ ‡ˆ‘”•— Šƒ–”ƒ†‡‘†‡Ž™ƒ•Žƒ ‹‰‹–Š‡ƒ” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ†ƒ–ƒ ƒ†–Šƒ–„‹•‘„‡ ‘‡•ƒ‹’‘”–ƒ– ‘‘†‹–›‘Ž›™‹–Š‹–Š‡Žƒ–‡” ‘”–‘ˆˆ‡‡’Šƒ•‡ —Ž–—”‡•ȋ”‘‘• ͳͻͻ͸ȌǤ    Žƒ–‡” •—‰‰‡•–‡† –Šƒ– ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š  Šƒ„ƒ Š ™ƒ• ‘””‡ – ‹ ‘–‹‰ •‹‰‹ϐ‹ ƒ– —Ž–—”ƒŽ †‹•–‹ –‹‘• „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ –™‘ ”‹˜‡” „ƒ•‹•ǡ –Š‡•‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡• ™‡”‡ ’‡”Šƒ’• ‘”‡ ”‡Žƒ–‡† –‘ ƒ ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—• ‡–ƒ’Š‘” –Šƒ ƒ‡ ‘‘‹ ‘‡ȋ”‘‘•ʹͲͲ͸ȌǤŠ‡•‡†‹•–‹ –‹‘• ‡”–ƒ‹Ž›‡”‹–ˆ—”–Š‡” ”‹–‹ ƒŽ‡šƒ‹ƒ–‹‘ǡ„—–‹–Š‹• ƒƒŽ›•‹•ǡ–Š‡‡’Šƒ•‹•‹•‘–Š‡‡š’”‡••‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡‹–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹Ǥ —–—”‡™‘” ƒ–Š‡ ‘’ƒ”‡–Š‡•‡ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹ •–‘–Š‘•‡–Šƒ–Šƒ˜‡„‡‡‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡†ˆ‘”–Š‡‡†‹˜‡”ƒ††‘ —Ž–—”‡•‹•‘—–Š‡ƒ•–‡”ŽƒŠ‘ƒȋ”‘‘•ʹͲͲͺȌǤ

͵͸Ȉ Volume 20, 2010 ‹‰—”‡ͳƒǤƒ’†‡’‹ ‹–‰–Š‡‡š–‡–‘ˆ–Š‡‹••‹••‹’’‹ƒ —Ž–—”ƒŽ†‡˜‡Ž‘’‡–ȋ‹ƒ‰‡ˆ”‘‡šƒ• ‡›‘† ‹•–‘”›ǡŠ––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ–‡šƒ•„‡›‘†Š‹•–‘”›Ǥ‡–Ȁ–‡Œƒ•Ȁˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ•Ȁ‹••ǤŠ–ŽȌǤ

‹‰—”‡ͳ„ǤŠ‡ƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”‡ƒ”‡ƒ‹”ƒ•ƒ•ǡ‘—‹•‹ƒƒǡŽƒŠ‘ƒǡƒ†‡šƒ•ȋ‹ƒ‰‡ˆ”‘ ‡šƒ•‡›‘† ‹•–‘”›ǢŠ––’ǣȀȀ™™™Ǥ–‡šƒ•„‡›‘†Š‹•–‘”›Ǥ‡–Ȁ–‡Œƒ•Ȁƒ’Ȁ‹†‡šǤŠ–ŽȌǤ

ĆĉĉĔėĈčĊĔđĔČĞ ĔĚėēĆđȈ͵͹ ”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”ƒ††‘ƒŠ”‘‘Ž‘‰›

”‘™ȋͳͻͻ͸ǣʹ͹ȌŠƒ•’”‡•‡–‡†”‡ ‡–”‡ϐ‹‡‡–•‹ Š”‘‘Ž‘‰›ˆ‘”–Š‡ ‘”–‘ˆˆ‡‡ƒ”‡ƒǡ™Š‹ Š ƒ„‡‡š–‡†‡†–‘–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”‡•ǤŠ‡˜ƒ•’Šƒ•‡•‡”˜‡•–‘†‡ϐ‹‡ƒ‡ƒ”Ž› ’”‡Ǧ‘—† ‘•–”— –‹‘–‹‡ƒ–’‹”‘ƒ†Šƒ•‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›„‡‡ƒ’’Ž‹‡†–‘‡ƒ”Ž›ƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”ƒŽ‡š’”‡••‹‘• ‡Ž•‡™Š‡”‡‹–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ƒ†‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›ˆƒŽŽ•™‹–Š‹ǤǤͻͷͲȂǤǤͳͲͲͲǤŠ‹•‹•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡†„› –Š‡ ƒ”Žƒ’Šƒ•‡ǡ™Š‹ Š‹•˜‹‡™‡†ƒ•–Š‡†‘‹ƒ– —Ž–—”ƒŽ‡š’”‡••‹‘‹–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ˆ”‘ǤǤ ͳͲͲͲǦǤǤͳʹͷͲǤ ”‘™ǯ••‡“—‡ ‡ǡ–Š‡ ƒ”Žƒ’Šƒ•‡‹••— ‡‡†‡†„›‘”ƒȋǤǤͳʹͷͲǦǤǤͳ͵ͷͲȌ™‹–Š ‘”ƒ„‡‹‰•—’’Žƒ–‡†„›’‹”‘ȋǤǤͳ͵ͷͲǦǤǤͳͶͷͲȌǤŠ‡ϐ‹ƒŽ’Šƒ•‡‹–Š‹••‡“—‡ ‡‹• ‘”–‘ˆˆ‡‡ ȋǤǡͳͶͷͲǦǤǤͳ͸ͲͲȌ™Š‡‘—†ƒ –‹˜‹–‹‡• ‡ƒ•‡ƒ†Š‹‰ŠŽ›”‹–—ƒŽ‹œ‡†”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•’”ƒ –‹ ‡•ƒ”‡ƒ„ƒ†‘‡†Ǥ – •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ‡’– ‹ ‹† Š‘™‡˜‡”ǡ –Šƒ– –Š‡•‡ †‡Ž‹‡ƒ–‹‘• ƒ”‡ ƒ”–‹ˆƒ –• ‘ˆ ƒ” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ ‹–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Šƒ•‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹ƒ–‹‘ ‹• „ƒ•‡† —’‘ †‹•–‹ –‹‘• ‹ ‡š‘–‹  ”‹–—ƒŽ ‰‘‘†•ǡ ˆ—‡”ƒ”› ’”ƒ –‹ ‡•ǡ ƒ† –‘ •‘‡ ‡š–‡–•‡––Ž‡‡–†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘•Ǥ –‹•‘–ƒ ƒ•‡‘ˆ’‡‘’Ž‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ƒ”Žƒ’Šƒ•‡„‡‹‰”‡’Žƒ ‡†„›–Š‡‘”ƒ ’Šƒ•‡ȋˆ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡ȌǤ”ƒˆ‘”†ǯ•ȋʹͲͲ͹Ȍ”‡ ‡–”‡•‡ƒ” Š’‘‹–•‘—––Šƒ– ƒ”Žƒƒ†‘”ƒ™‡”‡‘ —’‹‡† ‘–‡’‘”ƒ‡‘—•Ž›ƒ†‹–™‘—Ž†ƒ’’‡ƒ”Š‡”‡–Šƒ––Š‡ ‘ ‡’–‘ˆ’Šƒ•‡‡ƒ•‘”‡‹”‡•’‡ ––‘™Š‹ Š ‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ ‡–‡”‹•–Š‡‘•–’”‡•–‹‰‹‘—•”ƒ–Š‡”–ŠƒƒƒŒ‘” Šƒ‰‡‹’‡‘’Ž‡ǯ•™ƒ›•‘ˆŽ‹ˆ‡Ǥ

Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”ƒ††‘ƒƒ–ƒ„ƒ•‡

Š‡ ”ƒ•ƒ• ‹˜‡” ƒ††‘ƒ †ƒ–ƒ„ƒ•‡ ‘•‹•–• ‘ˆ •‘‡ ͷͲͲ ”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ ƒ† ‘—† •‹–‡• ‹ –Š‡ ”‡‰‹‘Ǥ ƒ–ƒ ˆ‘” –Š‹• ƒƒŽ›•‹• ™‡”‡ †‡”‹˜‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ •‹–‡ ϐ‹Ž‡• ƒ‹–ƒ‹‡† „› –Š‡ ŽƒŠ‘ƒ ” Š‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ —”˜‡›ǡƒ” Š‹˜ƒŽ†ƒ–ƒ‘ˆ–Š‡‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘•‹‡ƒ•–‡”ŽƒŠ‘ƒ„‡–™‡‡ͳͻ͵͸ƒ†ͳͻͶʹȋ ǤˆǤǡ‘‰‡”• ͳͻ͹ͺȌǡ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘• ‘†— –‡†„›–Š‡ŽƒŠ‘ƒ‹˜‡”ƒ•‹—”˜‡›—†‡”–Š‡•—’‡”˜‹•‹‘‘ˆ”Ǥ‘„‡”–‡ŽŽ „‡–™‡‡ͳͻͶ͹ƒ†ͳͻ͹Ͳǡ—”–—””‹‰–‘ǯ•ȋͳͻ͹ͳȌǡ‘› ‘ˆˆǯ•ȋͳͻͺͲȌǡƒ†Šƒ”Ž‡•‘Š”„ƒ—‰Šǯ•ȋͳͻͺʹȌ †‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘†ƒ–ƒǡ”‘™ǯ•ȋͳͻͻ͸Ȍ•‡‹ƒŽ•–—†›‘ˆ’‹”‘ǡƒ†‘–Š‡”‘”‡”‡ ‡–‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘•”‡•—Ž–‹‰ˆ”‘ †‹”‡ –‡†”‡•‡ƒ” Šƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ• —Ž–—”ƒŽ”‡•‘—” ‡ƒƒ‰‡‡–•–—†‹‡•ȋ ǤˆǤǡ‘‰‡”•ǡ› ‘ˆˆǡƒ†‡–‡”•‘ͳͻͺͻȌǤ ƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‡•‡†ƒ–ƒ†‘‡•‘– ‘‡™‹–Š‘—– ƒ˜‡ƒ–•Ǥ ‹”•–‘ˆƒŽŽǡ–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ—•‡†‹–Š‹•ƒƒŽ›•‹•‘Ž›’‡”–ƒ‹ –‘ŽƒŠ‘ƒ•‹–‡•‹–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ƒ† ƒ‘Ž›„‡‡š–”ƒ’‘Žƒ–‡†–‘–Š‡”‡ƒ‹†‡”‘ˆ–Š‡”‡‰‹‘‹ ™‡•–‡””ƒ•ƒ•™‹–Š ƒ—–‹‘Ǥ‡ ‘†ǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡‘„˜‹‘—•›’‡ ƒ†›’‡ ‡””‘”•™‹–Š‹–Š‡†ƒ–ƒǤ›’‡  ‡””‘”•ƒ”‡ ƒ•‡•™Š‡”‡•‹–‡•–Šƒ– ‘–ƒ‹ƒ††‘ƒ ‘’‘‡–•„—–™‡”‡‘–•—ˆϐ‹ ‹‡–Ž›†‘ —‡–‡†ƒ†™‡”‡ ‘‹––‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ„ƒ•‡ǤŠ‡”‡ƒ”‡ƒŽ•‘•‘‡•‹–‡•‹ Ž—†‡†‹–Š‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•–Šƒ–ƒ›Šƒ˜‡„‡‡‡””‘‡‘—•Ž› †‘ —‡–‡†ƒ•ƒ††‘ƒ•‹–‡•ȋ›’‡ ‡””‘”•ȌǤ ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ‘‘†Žƒ†•‹–‡•‹‡Žƒ™ƒ”‡‘—–›Š‘Ž†•Š‡ŽŽǦ –‡’‡”‡† ‡”ƒ‹ •Ȅƒ ‘†‹–‹‘‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›˜‹‡™‡†ƒ• Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹ ‘ˆ’‹”‘’Šƒ•‡•‡––Ž‡‡–•ǤŠ‹”†ǡ–Š‹• —•–„‡˜‹‡™‡†ƒ•ƒ ‘ƒ”•‡Ǧ‰”ƒ‹ƒƒŽ›•‹•–Šƒ–Žƒ”‰‡Ž›‹‰‘”‡•‘”‡”‡ϐ‹‡†–‡’‘”ƒŽ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘•†—‡ –‘ƒ›•‹–‡•Šƒ˜‹‰Ž‹––Ž‡ Š”‘‘‡–”‹ †ƒ–ƒ„‡›‘†”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡†ƒ–‹‰„›ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽƒ••‡„Žƒ‰‡ȋƒ””‘™’‘‹– •–›Ž‡•ƒ† ‡”ƒ‹ –›’‘Ž‘‰›ȌǤŠ‡”‡‹•ƒŽ•‘ƒ†‹ˆϐ‹ —Ž–›‹–Šƒ– ‘”–‘ˆˆ‡‡’Šƒ•‡ ‘’‘‡–•ƒ”‡ˆ”‡“—‡–Ž› •—’‡”‹’‘•‡†‘‡ƒ”Ž‹‡” ƒ”Žƒǡ‘”ƒǡƒ†’‹”‘’Šƒ•‡‘ —’ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ‡•’‹–‡–Š‡•‡Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘•ǡ–Š‡†ƒ–ƒ ƒ”‡ƒ‡ƒ„Ž‡–‘ ‘•–”— –‹‘‘ˆƒ„ƒ•‹ ƒ††‘ƒDzƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ‰”ƒƒ”dzƒ† —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡ƒƒŽ›•‹•Ǥ Š‹•ƒŽ•‘”‡’”‡•‡–•–Š‡ϐ‹”•–ƒ––‡’–ƒ–†‡˜‡Ž‘’‹‰ƒ ‘’”‡Š‡•‹˜‡ ˜‹•—ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”ƒŽ Žƒ†• ƒ’‡–Šƒ–‹ Ž—†‡•„‘–Š”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽƒ† ‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡•Ǥ

‘’ƒ”ƒ–‹˜‡šƒ‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•”‹˜‡”ƒ††‘ƒƒ†• ƒ’‡

Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”†”ƒ‹ƒ‰‡„ƒ•‹’”‡•‡–•–Š‡’ƒ––‡”‘ˆƒ„”‘ƒ†Ž›†‹•’‡”•‡† ‘•–”— –‡† —Ž–—”ƒŽ Žƒ†• ƒ’‡ǤŠ‹Ž‡–Š‡œƒ” ‹‰ŠŽƒ†•ƒ”‡ƒ’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡ǡ–Š‡›†‘‘–•‡”˜‡ƒ••‡”‹‘—• ‘•–”ƒ‹–• ‹ ‘•–”— –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡ȋƒ•†‘‡•–Š‡—ƒ Š‹–ƒ‘—–ƒ‹‹•‘—–Š‡ƒ•–‡”ŽƒŠ‘ƒǢ”‘‘• ʹͲͲͺȌǤŽ–Š‘—‰Š•–”‡ƒ˜ƒŽŽ‡›•‹–Š‡‹–‡”‹‘”‘ˆ–Š‡œƒ” ‹‰ŠŽƒ†•ƒ”‡Š‹‰ŠŽ› ‘•–”‹ –‡†ƒ†ƒ””‘™ǡ

͵ͺȈ Volume 20, 2010 –Š‹•‹•Ž‡••–”—‡™Š‡”‡–Š‡œƒ”•ƒ”‡†‹••‡ –‡†„›ƒŒ‘””‹˜‡”•›•–‡•Ǥ ‡”‡ǡ˜ƒŽŽ‡›•ƒ”‡‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ›„”‘ƒ†ǡ ’”‘˜‹†‹‰ ˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡ ‘’’‘”–—‹–‹‡• ˆ‘” –Š‡ „—‹Ž†‹‰ ‘ˆ ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡•ǡ ‘—†•ǡ ƒ† ‡–‡”•Ǥ  Š‹• ‘”‡ ƒ ‡••‹„Ž‡ ƒ–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡ȋ ‘•–”— –‹‘Ǧ™‹•‡Ȍƒ›’‘–‡–‹ƒŽŽ›ƒˆˆ‡ –™Š‡”‡ ‡–‡”•ƒ”‡’Žƒ ‡†ƒ•”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•‘”’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘• ‘—Ž†Šƒ˜‡‘”‡‹ϐŽ—‡ ‡–Šƒƒ–—”ƒŽˆƒ –‘”•Ǥ

šƒ‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡•‘‡ͷͲͲ•‹–‡•”‡˜‡ƒŽ‡†ˆ‘—”„ƒ•‹ ˆ‘”•‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘•–”— –‡† —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡Ǥ Š‡ϐ‹”•–‹•”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ•‹–‡•–Šƒ–ƒ›”ƒ‰‡ˆ”‘–Š‡‹•‘Žƒ–‡†ˆƒ”•–‡ƒ†–‘Žƒ”‰‡”˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡•Ȁ–‘™•Ǥ––‡’–‹‰ –‘ ”‡ƒ–‡•‘‡–›’‡‘ˆ”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽŠ‹‡”ƒ” Š›•Š‘—Ž†„‡ƒ’’”‘ƒ Š‡†™‹–Š ƒ—–‹‘Š‘™‡˜‡”ǡƒ•‹•‘‡ ƒ•‡•ǡ ™Šƒ–†‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡•ƒˆƒ”•–‡ƒ†‘”ŠƒŽ‡–ˆ”‘ƒŽƒ”‰‡”•‡––Ž‡‡–‹••‹’Ž›–Š‡‡š–‡–‘ˆƒ” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ™‘” ‘†— –‡†ǤŠ‡•‡ ‘†ˆ‘”‹•–Šƒ–‘ˆ•‹‰Ž‡‘—†•Ǥ–Š‹”†ˆ‘”‹•–Šƒ–‘ˆ—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†•ǡƒŽŽ‘ˆ–Š‡•ƒ‡ •–”— –—”ƒŽ–›’‡ǤŠ‡Žƒ•–ˆ‘”‹•–Šƒ–‘ˆ—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†•‡šŠ‹„‹–‹‰†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•–”— –—”ƒŽ–›’‡ǤŽŽ‘ˆ–Š‡•‡ ‘—†ˆ‘”• ƒ‘ —”™‹–Š‘”™‹–Š‘—–”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡ ’”‡•‡ ‡‘ˆ„—‹Ž–‘—†•‹• ‘’Ž‹ ƒ–‡†ƒ†ˆ—”–Š‡”†‹• —••‹‘‘ˆ–Š‹•‹••—‡‹•’”‡•‡–‡†Žƒ–‡”‹–Š‡’ƒ’‡”Ǥ   ‡šƒ‹‹‰ –Š‡ ‘ ‡’– ‘ˆ ƒ Dzƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ ‰”ƒƒ”dz ˆ‘” –Š‡ ƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”ƒŽ Žƒ†• ƒ’‡ǡ ‘‡ “—‡•–‹‘ Šƒ†™ƒ•™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡”‡™ƒ•ƒ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡‹ƒ–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘••‡Ž‡ –‡†ˆ‘””‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ ’Žƒ ‡•˜‡”•—•‘—†•‘” ‡–‡”•ǤƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆ–Š‹•“—‡•–‹‘’”‡•‡–‡†‘ Ž‡ƒ””‡•—Ž–•Ǥ ‘’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘‹–Š‹• ƒƒŽ›•‹•™ƒ•–Š‡Žƒ”‰‡—„‡”‘ˆ•‹–‡•‹–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹–Šƒ–™‡”‡‹—†ƒ–‡†„›Žƒ‡ ‘•–”— –‹‘ ȋͳͻͶͲ•Ǧͳͻ͹Ͳ•Ȍ ™Š‹ Š ƒˆˆ‡ –‡† –Š‡ ”‡Ž‹ƒ„‹Ž‹–› ‘ˆ †‘ —‡–‹‰ ƒ–—”ƒŽ Žƒ†• ƒ’‡ ƒ––”‹„—–‡•Ǥ   ‰‡‡”ƒŽǡ ‹– ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡†–Šƒ–‘Ž›–™‘˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡•Šƒ†ƒ› ƒ—•ƒŽ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’–‘ ‘•–”— –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡ǤŠ‡ ϐ‹”•–™ƒ••‘‹Ž•ǣ–Š‡Š‹‰Š‡”–Š‡ƒ‰”‹ —Ž–—”ƒŽ•—‹–ƒ„‹Ž‹–›‹†‹ ‡•ǡ–Š‡‰”‡ƒ–‡”–Š‡•‹–‡†‡•‹–‹‡•Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡”‡ •‡‡‡†–‘„‡Ž‹––Ž‡†‹•–‹ –‹‘‹•‘‹Ž•‡Ž‡ –‹‘™Š‡–Š‡”‹–”‡’”‡•‡–‡†ƒ”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡‘”ƒ‘—†Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡‘–Š‡”˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡–Šƒ–‡šŠ‹„‹–‡†•‘‡†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹ƒŽ•‡Ž‡ –‹‘™ƒ•™‹†–Š‘ˆ–Š‡•–”‡ƒ˜ƒŽŽ‡›Ǥ‘•–—Ž–‹’Ž‡ ‘—† ‡–‡”•™‡”‡•‹–—ƒ–‡†‹Žƒ”‰‡”’‘”–‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡”‹˜‡”˜ƒŽŽ‡›•Ǥ ”‘ƒ’”ƒ –‹ ƒŽ•–ƒ†’‘‹–ǡ‹ˆ›‘—ƒ”‡ ‘•–”— –‹‰ƒŽƒ”‰‡—Ž–‹Ǧ‘—† ‡–‡”ǡ‹–‹•†‡•‹”ƒ„Ž‡–‘Šƒ˜‡‰”‡ƒ–‡”ƒ”‡ƒƒ˜ƒ‹Žƒ„Ž‡ˆ‘” ‘•–”— –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‹• Dz•ƒ ”‡†dz’Žƒ ‡Ǥ

‹•–‹ –‹‘•‹–Š‡” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ ”ƒƒ”

Comparison of the constructed cultural landscape of the Arkansas River basin has resulted in the recognition of quantitative as well as qualitative differences that can be discussed in respect to the four basic forms previously identified (Figure 2). Table 1 presents the quantitative expression of these differences.

ƒ„Ž‡ͳǤ‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‘•–”— –‡†ƒ†• ƒ’‡„›‡‰‹‘Ǥ

ĆĉĉĔėĈčĊĔđĔČĞ ĔĚėēĆđȈ͵ͻ Residential Places

 ‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ ’Žƒ ‡• ƒ”‡ –Š‡ †‘‹ƒ– ‡š’”‡••‹‘ǡ ”‡’”‡•‡–‹‰ ͻ͹Ψ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘•–”— –‡† —Ž–—”ƒŽ Žƒ†• ƒ’‡ȋ ‹‰—”‡ʹȌǤŠ‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ǯ•”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡•‡šŠ‹„‹–ƒ”ƒ‰‡ˆ”‘ŠƒŽ‡–••— Šƒ• –Š‡Žƒ–ƒ–‹‘•‹–‡‹ –‘•Š‘—–›ȋ”‹• ‘‡ͳͻ͹͹Ȍ–‘‘”‡•‹œ‡ƒ„Ž‡˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡•Ȁ–‘™•‘ˆͳͷǦʹͲŠ‘—•‡••— Š ƒ•‹––Ž‡ϐ‹‡Ž†‹‡ Ž‘”‡‘—–›ȋ”‘™ͳͻͺͶȌǤƒ”‰‡”–‘™•Ȁ˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡•ƒ”‡–Š‘—‰Š––‘ ‘–ƒ‹’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ ”‘—‰ŠŽ›ʹͲͲ’‡‘’Ž‡’‡”˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‹••Š‘—Ž†‘–„‡ ‘•–”—‡†–‘‡ƒ–Šƒ–’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘†‡•‹–‹‡• ’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž‡†–Š‘•‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹••‹••‹’’‹‹˜‡”˜ƒŽŽ‡›ǤŠ‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•™‡”‡•—„•–ƒ–‹ƒŽŽ› Ž‘™‡”–Šƒ–Š‘•‡ˆ‘—†–‘–Š‡‡ƒ•–Ǥ˜‡‹–Š‡Dz‡–”‘’‘Ž‹–ƒƒ”‡ƒdz•—””‘—†‹‰’‹”‘ǡ‹–‹•†‘—„–ˆ—Ž–Šƒ– ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•‡š ‡‡†‡†ʹͷͲͲ–‘͵ͲͲͲ’‡‘’Ž‡ǤŠ‡•‡”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡•ƒŽ•‘ƒ’’‡ƒ”Š‘‘‰‡‘—•Ž›†‹•–”‹„—–‡† ƒ ”‘•••–”‡ƒ˜ƒŽŽ‡›•ǤŠ‹•†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ƒŽ•‘‹ Ž—†‡•–Š‡‘ —’ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ—’Žƒ†”‘ •Š‡Ž–‡”•Ȃ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”Ž› ‹–Š‡’‡”‹‘†ƒˆ–‡”‘—†„—‹Ž†‹‰Šƒ•„‡‡†‹• ‘–‹—‡†ȋ–Š‡ ‘”–‘ˆˆ‡‡’Šƒ•‡ȌǤ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–ƒ‹‰‹–‘ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘ –Š‡ ‘”‡ †‹•’‡”•‡† ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ ”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ ’Žƒ ‡• ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ”ƒ•ƒ• ‹˜‡” „ƒ•‹ǡ –Š‡› ƒŽ•‘ ‡šŠ‹„‹– Ž—•–‡”‹‰ƒ”‘—†‘—† ‡–‡”•Ǥ  ”‡˜‹‘—•Ž› Šƒ†•–ƒ–‡†–Šƒ––Š‹•ƒƒŽ›•‹•™‘—Ž†‹‰‘”‡ƒ––‡’–•ƒ– Š”‘‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ”‡ϐ‹‡‡–Ǥ‡•’‹–‡ –Š‹•Ž‹‹–ƒ–‹‘ǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ƒˆ‡™ ‘‡–•–Šƒ– ƒ„‡ƒ†‡”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰–Š‡†‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡• ‘–Š‡ —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡–Š”‘—‰Š–‹‡Ǥ•’”‡˜‹‘—•Ž›‘–‡†„›‡ŽŽȋͳͻͺͶȌƒ†”‘™ȋͳͻͻ͸Ȍ–Š‡ƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”ƒŽ‡š’”‡••‹‘”‡ƒ Š‡•‹–•ƒš‹—•’ƒ–‹ƒŽ‡š’”‡••‹‘†—”‹‰–Š‡ ƒ”Žƒ’Šƒ•‡™‹–Š–Š‡‡•—‹‰‘”ƒ ƒ†’‹”‘’Šƒ•‡•”‡ϐŽ‡ –‹‰”‡–”ƒ –‹‘ƒ†”‡–”‡ Š‡–ǤŠ‡”‡ƒ”‡‡š ‡’–‹‘•–‘–Š‹•‰‡‡”ƒŽ’ƒ––‡”Ǥ ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡–™‘‡š–”‡‡‘—–Ž‹‡”•†—”‹‰–Š‡’‹”‘’Šƒ•‡–Šƒ–ƒ”‡ˆ‘—†‹ ‡–”ƒŽŽƒŠ‘ƒȋ ‹‰—”‡ ͵ȌǤŠ‡ƒ‰Ž‡•‹–‡ȋ͵ͶͶǢ Šƒ‡ˆˆ‡”ͳͻͷ͹Ȍ‹ŽƒŠ‘ƒ‘—–›ƒ†’‘••‹„Ž›–Š‡Ž ‘”•‹–‡ȋ͵ͶͳȌ‹  Žƒ‹‘—–›ƒ”‡‡šƒ’Ž‡‘ˆƒ††‘ƒ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•ǯ™‡•–™ƒ”†‘˜‡‡–Ǥ –Š‡ ƒ•‡‘ˆ–Š‡•‡–™‘•‹–‡•ǡ –Š‡› ƒ”‡ •‘‡ ͳͲͲ ‹Ž‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‡ƒ”‡•– ƒ††‘ƒ ‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ ‡–‡” ȋ—ˆƒ—Žƒ ‘—†ȌǤ  ‘ ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ‰‡Ž •‹–‡ •—‰‰‡•–• ‘˜‡‡– —’ –Š‡ ‘”–Š ƒƒ†‹ƒ ‹˜‡” ˆ‘” •‘‡ —•’‡ ‹ϐ‹‡† ’—”’‘•‡Ǥ  – ”‡’”‡•‡–• ƒ„—”‹ƒŽ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘™‹–Š‘—–ƒƒ ‘’ƒ›‹‰”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Šƒ„ƒ ŠȋͳͻͻͻȌ•—‰‰‡•–‡†ƒ‰‡Ž ”‡’”‡•‡–‡†ƒ–”ƒ†‹‰‘—–’‘•–ǡ™Š‡”‡ƒ• •—„•‡“—‡–Ž›‘ˆˆ‡”‡†ƒ‰‡Žƒ•ƒ‡šƒ’Ž‡‘ˆƒ‰”‘—’‘ˆ‹••‹‘ƒ”‹‡• –Šƒ–‡–™‹–ŠƒŠ‘•–‹Ž‡”‡ ‡’–‹‘ȋ”‘‘•ʹͲͲ͸ȌǤŠ‡Ž ‘”•‹–‡ ‘–ƒ‹•„‘–Šƒ„—”‹ƒŽ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘ƒ†ƒ ”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘ǤŠ‡ƒ††‘ƒ•‘ —’›‹‰–Š‡Ž ‘”•‹–‡™‘—Ž†Šƒ˜‡–”ƒ˜‡Ž‡†—’–Š‡ȋ‘—–ŠȌƒƒ†‹ƒ ‹˜‡””‘—‰ŠŽ›–Š‡•ƒ‡†‹•–ƒ ‡ƒ•–Š‡‰”‘—’ƒ–ƒ‰Ž‡Ǥ ϐ‹†‹–‹–”‹‰—‹‰–Šƒ––Š‡•‡•‹–‡•ƒ”‡ƒŽ‘•–‘ƒ ‘”–ŠǦ•‘—–ŠŽ‹‡‹–Š‡‹”†‹•–ƒ ‡ˆ”‘–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ƒ††‘ƒŠ‘‡Žƒ†Ǥ

Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ •‘‡ †‹•–‹ –‹‘• ‹ ”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ ’Žƒ ‡• –Šƒ– ƒ „‡ ‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡† ƒ– –Š‡ ƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡ŽǤ  —”‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ”Žƒ ƒ† ‘”ƒ ’Šƒ•‡•ǡ †™‡ŽŽ‹‰• ƒ”‡ •“—ƒ”‡ –‘ ”‡ –ƒ‰—Žƒ” ™‹–Š ˆ‘—”Ǧ ‡–‡” ’‘•– ‘•–”— –‹‘Ǥ—”‹‰–Š‡’‹”‘’Šƒ•‡ǡ–Š‹•ƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”‡‹•”‡˜‹•‡†–‘‘”‡”‡ –ƒ‰—Žƒ”†™‡ŽŽ‹‰•™‹–Šƒ–™‘ ‡–‡”Ǧ’‘•–ƒ””ƒ‰‡‡–Ǥ‘†ƒ–‡ǡ–Š‡”‡Šƒ•„‡‡‘ ‘•‡•—•ƒ•–‘–Š‡‡ƒ‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡ Šƒ‰‡‹ ‡–‡”Ǧ ’‘•– ƒ””ƒ‰‡‡–Ǥ  Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘ ‡˜‹†‡ ‡ ˆ‘” ‹–”ƒ—”ƒŽ •–‘”ƒ‰‡ ˆƒ ‹Ž‹–‹‡• ‹ ”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ •–”— –—”‡• †—”‹‰ ƒ”ŽƒǦ‘”ƒǦ’‹”‘’Šƒ•‡‘ —’ƒ–‹‘•ǡ•—‰‰‡•–‹‰–Šƒ–•‘‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‘ˆ”‡•‘—” ‡•Šƒ”‹‰ƒ––Š‡ ‘—‹–› Ž‡˜‡Ž‹•‘’‡”ƒ–‹‰Ǥ‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ•–”— –—”‡•‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘”–‘ˆˆ‡‡’Šƒ•‡ ‘–‹—‡–Š‡”‡ –‹Ž‹‡ƒ”–™‘ ‡–‡”Ǧ’‘•– ƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”‡Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ‘”–‘ˆˆ‡‡’Šƒ•‡†™‡ŽŽ‹‰•Šƒ˜‡‘”‡ˆ‘”ƒŽ‹œ‡† ‡–”ƒŽŠ‡ƒ”–Š ‘•–”— –‹‘ƒ†–Š‡ ’”‡•‡ ‡‘ˆ‹–”ƒ—”ƒŽ•–‘”ƒ‰‡ˆƒ ‹Ž‹–‹‡•Ǥ”‡•—ƒ„Ž›ǡ„› ‘”–‘ˆˆ‡‡–‹‡•ǡ‰”‡ƒ–‡”’”‹˜ƒ–‹œƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‰‘‘†•‹• ‘ —””‹‰™‹–Š ‘ ‘‹–ƒ–†‡ ”‡ƒ•‡•‹ ‘—‹–›Ž‡˜‡Ž”‡•‘—” ‡•Šƒ”‹‰Ǥ 

ͶͲȈ Volume 20, 2010 ‹‰—”‡ʹǤƒ††‘ƒ —Ž–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡ǡ”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”ƒ•‹Ǥ‡›ǣ ”‡‡‹” Ž‡•α”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡•ǡ‡†”‹ƒ‰Ž‡•α•‹‰Ž‡ ‘—† ‡–‡”•™Ȁ‘”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘ǡŽ—‡“—ƒ”‡•α•‹‰Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡•™‹–Š”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘ǡ —”’Ž‡ ‡šƒ‰‘•α—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡•‘ˆ–Š‡•ƒ‡ ‘•–”— –‹‘–›’‡ǡƒ†‡ŽŽ‘™‡–ƒ‰‘•α—Ž–‹’Ž‡ ‘—†’Žƒ ‡•‘ˆ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‘•–”— –‹‘–›’‡Ǥ

‹‰—”‡͵Ǥ‘ ƒ–‹‘‘ˆƒ‰Ž‡ƒ†Ž ‘”•‹–‡•‹ ‡–”ƒŽŽƒŠ‘ƒǤ

ĆĉĉĔėĈčĊĔđĔČĞ ĔĚėēĆđȈͶͳ Single Mound Places

Š‡”‡ƒ”‡•‹š•‹‰Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡•‹–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ǤŠ‡’ƒ––‡”‹‰ƒ‘‰–Š‡•‡•‹‰Ž‡ ‘—† ‡–‡”• ‹• ”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž› ‘’Ž‡š ™‹–Š –Š”‡‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ‡š’”‡••‹‘• ‘ˆ •‹‰Ž‡ ‘—† ’Žƒ ‡•Ǥ   Š‹• ‹• ‹ ƒ”‡† ‘–”ƒ•– –‘ –Š‡ ‡† ‹˜‡” „ƒ•‹ ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ ’”‡†‘‹ƒ– ’ƒ––‡” ‹• ‘ˆ •‹‰Ž‡ ’Žƒ–ˆ‘” ‘—†• ‘” „—”‡†Š‘—•‡•–”— –—”‡•Ǥ–—ˆƒ—Žƒ‘—†‹ –‘•Š‘—–›ǡ‘–Š‡™‡•–‡”’‡”‹’Š‡”›‘ˆ–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ• ƒ•‹ǡƒ„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†‘ —”•‹ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‹‘™‹–Šƒƒ†Œƒ ‡–˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡ȋ ‹‰—”‡ͶǢ””ͳͻͶͷȌǤŠ‡‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‡† —ˆƒ—Žƒ‘—†‹ͳͻͶͲ—†‡”–Š‡•—’‡”˜‹•‹‘‘ˆ‡‡–Š””Ǥ””ȋͳͻͶͷȌ•’‡ ‹ϐ‹ ƒŽŽ›‘–‡•–Šƒ–‘Ž›–Š‡ •‹‰Ž‡‘—†‹•’”‡•‡–ƒ†‹••—””‘—†‡†„›˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡†‡„”‹•ǤŠ‡‘—†‹•ˆ‘—”ƒ†ƒŠƒŽˆˆ‡‡––ƒŽŽƒ†ͳ͹Ͷ ˆ‡‡–„›ͳͳͲˆ‡‡–‹ƒ”‡ƒǤƒ˜‹†ƒ‡””‡‹•ȋ‹—””‹‰–‘ͳͻ͹ͳȌ‹•ƒŽ•‘ ‹–‡†ƒ•–Š‹‹‰–Šƒ–ƒ’Ž‘™‡†Ǧ†‘™ „—”‹ƒŽ‘—†™ƒ•’”‡•‡–ƒ––Š‡ —ˆˆƒ‡”•‹–‡‹‡Žƒ™ƒ”‡‘—–›Ǥ ‡–Š‘—‰Š––Šƒ––Š‡Š‹‰ŠŽ› ‹” —• ”‹„‡† •’ƒ–‹ƒŽƒ””ƒ‰‡‡–‘ˆ–Š‡„—”‹ƒŽ•ƒ†–Š‡‹”•Ž‹‰Š–•—’‡”’‘•‹–‹‘ȋ‹•‘‡ ƒ•‡•Ȍ™ƒ•‹†‹ ƒ–‹˜‡‘ˆƒ‘—† –Šƒ–Šƒ†„‡‡Ž‡˜‡Ž‡†„› —Ž–‹˜ƒ–‹‘Ǥ‘–Š‡”’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–›‹•–Šƒ––Š‹•‹•–Š‡„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‡†„›Š‘„—” ȋͳͻ͵ͳȌǤŽ–Š‘—‰ŠŠ‘„—”†‡• ”‹„‡•–Š‡‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‹‘•ƒ•–ƒ‹‰’Žƒ ‡‘–Š‡‡‡†’”‘’‡”–›ǡŠ‡‘–‡•‘Ž›–Š‡ ‘‡‘—†ǡƒ‹‰‘‡–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‘–Š‡”‘—†•’”‡•‡–ƒ–‡‡†ǤŠ‡ —ˆˆƒ‡”’”‘’‡”–›ƒ†Œ‘‹•–Šƒ–‘ˆ ‡‡†•‘‹–‹•˜‡”›’‘••‹„Ž‡ˆ‘”’”‘’‡”–›„‘—†ƒ”‹‡•–‘Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ ‘ˆ—•‡†ǡ‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽŽ›‹ͳͻʹ͸Ǥ

™‘‘–Š‡”•‹‰Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡• ‘–ƒ‹’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†•–”— –—”‡•™‹–Šƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡•ǤŠ‡•‡ ƒ”‡–Š‡‹ŽŽ‹‡”‡‡•‹–‡‹‡Žƒ™ƒ”‡‘—–›ȋ ‹‰—”‡ͷǢ—””‹‰–‘ͳͻ͹ͳǢ‘‰‡ŽʹͲͲʹȌƒ†–Š‡‹†‰‡Ž‘—† –™‘‹Ž‡•–‘–Š‡™‡•–‘ˆ’‹”‘‘—†•‹‡ Ž‘”‡‘—–›Ǥ—””‹‰–‘ȋͳͻ͹ͳȌǡ—•‹‰ƒ‡””‡‹•ǯϐ‹‡Ž†‘–‡•ǡ †‡• ”‹„‡•–Š‡‹ŽŽ‹‡”‡‡‘—†ƒ•ϐ‹˜‡ˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š–ƒ†”‘—‰ŠŽ›ͶͲˆ‡‡–‹Ž‡‰–ŠǤ”‘™ȋͳͻͻ͸Ȍ†‡• ”‹„‡• ‹†‰‡Žƒ•ʹͲˆ‡‡–Š‹‰Šƒ†ͳʹͷˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”ǤŠ‡‹†‰‡Ž‘—†’”‘„ƒ„Ž›”‡’”‡•‡–•ƒ’‘”–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ‰”‡ƒ–‡”’‹”‘ ‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ ‡–‡”’ƒ––‡”™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ˜ƒƒŠ‘—†ǡ•‘‡‹‡‹Ž‡•–‘–Š‡‡ƒ•–‹ ‘”–‹–Šǡ ”ƒ•ƒ•”‡’”‡•‡–‹‰–Š‡’ƒ‹”‡†‘—†Ǥ –•Š‘—Ž†„‡‘–‡†Š‘™‡˜‡”–Šƒ––Š‡ƒ˜ƒƒŠ‘—†•Š‘™•‘ ‡˜‹†‡ ‡‘ˆƒƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Ǥ –Š‡ ƒ•‡‘ˆ‹†‰‡Žƒ†‹ŽŽ‹‡”‡‡ǡ–Š‡”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘ ‘—Ž†„‡ –Šƒ–‘ˆ’”‹‡•–Ž›‡Ž‹–‡•”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•‘ˆŽ‡••’”‹˜‹Ž‡‰‡†•–ƒ–—•Ǥ

Š‡”‡ƒ‹‹‰–™‘•‹‰Ž‡‘—†•‹–‡•ƒ”‡–Š‡‡‡”‡‡‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ‡–‡”‹‡“—‘›ƒŠ‘—–ƒ† ™‹‰Šƒ’‡Ž‘—†‹†ƒ‹”‘—–›ȋ ‹‰—”‡͸ȌǤ‘–Š‘ˆ–Š‡•‡•‹‰Ž‡‘—†•‹–‡•™‹–Š’Žƒ–ˆ‘”•–”— –—”‡ Šƒ˜‡•‘‡™Šƒ–——•—ƒŽ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹ •ǤŠ‡›„‘–Š‘ —”‹–Š‡—’Žƒ†•‘˜‡”Ž‘‘‹‰•–”‡ƒ˜ƒŽŽ‡›•ǤŽŽ‘–Š‡” •‹‰Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡•ȋƒ†—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†‘‡•ƒ•™‡ŽŽȌ‘ —”™‹–Š‹ƒŽŽ—˜‹ƒŽ˜ƒŽŽ‡›•›•–‡•Ǥ ‘”†‹‰–‘—–‘ ȋͳͻͺͲȌǡ–Š‡‡‡”‡‡‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ‡–‡”‹•ͳʹˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š–ƒ†ͳ͵Ͷ„›ͳͲͷˆ‡‡–‹ ‹” —ˆ‡”‡ ‡Ǥ› ‘ˆˆ ȋͳͻͺͲȌ”‡’‘”–•™‹‰Šƒ’‡Ž–‘„‡ƒ„‘—–ˆ‘—”ƒ†ƒŠƒŽˆˆ‡‡–Š‹‰Šƒ†͹ͷˆ‡‡–„›Ͷͷˆ‡‡–‹ ‹” —ˆ‡”‡ ‡Ǥ ‡‹–Š‡”‡‡”‡‡‘”™‹‰Šƒ’‡Žƒ’’‡ƒ”•–‘Šƒ˜‡ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ‡ ‡–‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘• ƒ–‡‡”‡‡„›ƒʹͲͲ͸‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆŽƒŠ‘ƒϐ‹‡Ž†• Š‘‘Ž”‡˜‡ƒŽ‡†‡˜‹†‡ ‡‘ˆ–‡’‘”ƒ”›‘ —’ƒ–‹‘•”ƒ–Š‡” –ŠƒŠƒ„‹–ƒ–‹‘ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•ȋŽ— ŠƒŠʹͲͲͺȌǤŠ—•ǡ‹–ƒ’’‡ƒ”•–Šƒ–‰”‘—’•’‡”‹‘†‹ ƒŽŽ›–”ƒ˜‡Ž‡†–‘‡‡”‡‡ ˆ‘” ‡”‡‘‹‡•„—–†‹†‘–”‡•‹†‡ƒ––Š‡•‹–‡™‹–Š’‡”Šƒ’•‘Ž›ƒ•ƒŽŽ‰”‘—’‘ˆ’”‹‡•–Ž›‡Ž‹–‡•‘”’‡”Šƒ’•ƒ ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ”‡’”‡•‡–‹‰‘”‡’‡”ƒ‡–”‡•‹†‡–•Ǥ –‹•ƒŽ•‘’‘••‹„Ž‡–Šƒ––Š‡”‡™‡”‡‘”‡•‹†‡–•ƒ†–Š‡ ‘—†ƒ†ˆƒ ‹Ž‹–‹‡•™‡”‡ƒ„ƒ†‘‡†‡š ‡’–ˆ‘” ‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ‘ ƒ•‹‘•ǤŽ–Š‘—‰Š‘‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘•Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ ‘†— –‡†ƒ–™‹‰Šƒ’‡Žǡƒƒ†Œƒ ‡–”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘Šƒ•‘–„‡‡‘–‡†Ǥ‘•‹†‡”‹‰–Š‡†‡‰”‡‡ ‘ˆ˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘ˆ”‘‘–Š‡”•‹‰Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡•ǡ™‹‰Šƒ’‡Žƒ†‡‡”‡‡ƒ›Šƒ˜‡ƒ— Š†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–”‘Ž‡‹ –Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ƒ††‘ƒ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—••›•–‡‘”’‡”Šƒ’•ƒ›„‡ƒˆϐ‹Ž‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡œƒ” ‹‰ŠŽƒ†• ƒ††‘ƒ’ƒ––‡”ȋƒ›ǡƒ„‘ǡƒ†‡”Ž‡––‹ͳͻͺͻȌǤ

ͶʹȈ Volume 20, 2010 ‹‰—”‡ͶǤ—ˆƒ—Žƒ‘—†ȋ”‡’”‡•‡–‡†„›„Ž—‡”‡ –ƒ‰Ž‡‹ ‡–‡”‘ˆϐ‹‰—”‡ȌǤ

‹‰—”‡ͷǤƒ–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡•‡––‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡‹ŽŽ‹‡”‡‡‘—†Ǥ

ĆĉĉĔėĈčĊĔđĔČĞ ĔĚėēĆđȈͶ͵ ‘–Š‡”‹–‡”‡•–‹‰ˆƒ ‡–‘ˆ™‹‰Šƒ’‡Žƒ†‡‡”‡‡ ‘ ‡”•–Š‡•—””‘—†‹‰”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡• ȋ ‹‰—”‡͸ȌǤŠ‡‡‡”‡‡‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ‡–‡”Šƒ•ƒ—„‡”‘ˆƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ•‹–‡•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡Ž‘ ƒ–‡†‹ ‹––Ž‡‡‡”‡‡˜ƒŽŽ‡›„‡Ž‘™–Š‡‘—†Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ™‹‰Šƒ’‡Ž ƒ Žƒ‹‘Ž›‘‡‡ƒ”„›”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ•‹–‡ ‘˜ƒ•˜‹ŽŽ‡”‡‡–Šƒ–ƒ’’‡ƒ”•–‘„‡ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†Ǥ‘‡•–Š‹•”‡ϐŽ‡ –ƒ ‘˜‡”ƒ‰‡‡””‘”‹–Šƒ–‘’”‘ˆ‡••‹‘ƒŽ •—”˜‡›Šƒ•„‡‡ ‘†— –‡†ƒŽ‘‰˜ƒ•˜‹ŽŽ‡”‡‡–Šƒ–™‘—Ž†‹†‡–‹ˆ›”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡•ǫȋ —†•ˆ‘”ƒ•—”˜‡› ‘ˆ˜ƒ•˜‹ŽŽ‡”‡‡Šƒ˜‡”‡ ‡–Ž›„‡‡ƒ™ƒ”†‡†ƒ†ϐ‹‡Ž†™‘”™‹ŽŽ–ƒ‡’Žƒ ‡‹Žƒ–‡ʹͲͲͻȀʹͲͳͲǤȌ”ǡ‹•™‹‰ Šƒ’‡Žƒƒ‘ƒŽ›‹–Šƒ–‹–Šƒ•‘ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ•‹–‡•Ȃ— ŠŽ‹‡ƒ˜ƒƒŠ‘—†‹‘—–Š ‘”– ‹–Šǫ Multiple Mound Places: Same Construction Type

Š‡”‡ƒ”‡‘Ž›–™‘—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡•™Š‡”‡–Š‡‘—†•”‡’”‡•‡––Š‡•ƒ‡ ‘•–”— –‹‘–›’‡Ǥ Š‡•‡ƒ”‡–Š‡‘ŽŠ‘’•‘‘—†•ƒ†–Š‡ ‘Ž•‘”‡‡‘—†•‹‡ Ž‘”‡‘—–›ȋ ‹‰—”‡͹ȌǤŠ‹•‹• “—‹–‡—Ž‹‡–Š‡’ƒ––‡”‹–Š‡‡†‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹™Š‡”‡–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡—‡”‘—•—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡•™‹–Š–Š‡ •ƒ‡‘—† ‘•–”— –‹‘–›’‡ǤŠ‡”‡™‡”‡ƒ’’ƒ”‡–Ž›–™‘ȋ‘”–Š”‡‡ǫȌ•ƒŽŽ‘—†•ƒ––Š‡ ‘Ž•‡”‡‡ •‹–‡ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š‘–Š‡”•‹‰Š–Šƒ˜‡„‡‡†‡•–”‘›‡†’”‹‘”–‘–Š‡•‹–‡ǯ•†‘ —‡–ƒ–‹‘„›ƒ•—”˜‡› ”‡™Ǥ‘‡ ‘ˆ–Š‡•‡™‡”‡†‡• ”‹„‡†ƒ•„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†•Ǥ•”‡’‘”–‡†„›› ‘ˆˆȋͳͻͺͲȌǡ–Š‡‘—†•ƒ”‡”‘—‰ŠŽ›–Š”‡‡ˆ‡‡– ‹Š‡‹‰Š–ƒ†͸Ͳˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”Ǥ—”‹ƒŽ•™‹–Š‡š‘–‹ ˆ—‡”ƒ”›‰‘‘†•™‡”‡”‡’‘”–‡†Ž›ˆ‘—†‡”‘†‹‰ˆ”‘–Š‡ ”‡‡„ƒ•‘—–Š‘ˆ–Š‡‡ƒ•–‡”‘•–‘—†ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡›†‹†‘–ƒ’’ƒ”‡–Ž› ‘‡ˆ”‘ƒ‘—† ‘–‡š– ȋƒ›‘ͳͻ͹ͷȌǤ”‘™ȋͳͻͻ͸Ȍ”‡’‘”–•—Ž–‹’Ž‡Š‘—•‡‘—†•ˆ”‘‘ŽŠ‘’•‘„ƒ•‡†‘ϐ‹‡Ž†‘–‡•Ǥ –Š‡ƒ ‘—–‰‹˜‡„›”‘™ȋͳͻͻ͸ǣͳ͸ͻȌ‘—†ʹ ‘–ƒ‹‡†–™‘•–”— –—”‡••’ƒ‹‰–Š‡ ƒ”Žƒƒ†’‹”‘ ’Šƒ•‡•Ǥ‘—†•ͳƒ†͵ ‘–ƒ‹‡†—Ž–‹’Ž‡’‹”‘’Šƒ•‡•–”— –—”‡•Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡•‡”‡’”‡•‡–†‡‘Ž‹•Š‡† •–”— –—”‡•–Šƒ–‘”‡”‡•‡„Ž‡ Šƒ”‡ŽŠ‘—•‡‘—†•–Šƒ–Š‡‘—†•ƒ– ‘Ž•‡”‡‡Ǥ”‘™ƒŽ•‘•—‰‰‡•–• –Šƒ–ƒŽƒ”‰‡”‘—†ƒ–‘ŽŠ‘’•‘”‡’”‡•‡–•ƒ’‘••‹„Ž‡„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†Ǥ ƒŽǯ•ȋͳͻ͹ͺǣʹʹʹǦʹ͵ͲȌ†‹• —••‹‘ ‘ˆ–Š‡ǯ•™‘”ƒ–‘ŽŠ‘’•‘”‡ˆ‡”•–‘–Š‡–Š”‡‡Š‘—•‡•ƒ†‘Ž›‘‡ ‘•–”— –‡†‘—†Ǥ ”‘–Š‡•‡ ƒ ‘—–•ǡ‘ŽŠ‘’•‘ƒ›”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡™‹–Š”‡’‡ƒ–‡† ‘•–”— –‹‘•‘ˆ•‹‹Žƒ”‘—† •–”— –—”‡•‘”ƒ—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†•‹–‡ ‘–ƒ‹‹‰–™‘†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‘—† ‘•–”— –‹‘–›’‡•Ǥ

‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘ƒ ‘’ƒ›‹‰–Š‡ ‘Ž•‘”‡‡ƒ†‘ŽŠ‘’•‘‘—†•‹•ƒŽ•‘‘’‡–‘ ˆ—”–Š‡”‡šƒ‹ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ƒŽȋͳͻ͹ͺȌƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•ƒ›‘ƒ†‡ƒŽȋͳͻ͹ͷȌ”‡’‘”––Š‡’”‡•‡ ‡‘ˆŠƒ„‹–ƒ–‹‘†‡„”‹• ƒ– ‘Ž•‘”‡‡Ǥ –‹•— Ž‡ƒ”ˆ”‘”‘™ȋͳͻͻ͸ǣͳ͸ͻǦͳ͹ͲȌƒ† ƒŽǯ•ȋͳͻ͹ͺǣʹʹʹǦʹ͵ͲȌ†‹• —••‹‘‘ˆ‘Ž Š‘’•‘ ™Š‡–Š‡” –Š‡ •‹–‡ ‘–ƒ‹• ‘”ƒŽ Šƒ„‹–ƒ–‹‘ †‡„”‹• ‘””‡ƒ‹• –Šƒ– ™‘—Ž† „‡ ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š ’”‹‡•–Ž›‡Ž‹–‡•ǯ’”‡•‡ ‡Ǥ  ”‘ƒŽƒ†• ƒ’‡’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡ǡ–Š‡”‡‹•ƒ‹–‡”‡•–‹‰ƒ•’‡ ––‘–Š‡–™‘—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡•™‹–Š •‹‹Žƒ”‘—† ‘•–”— –‹‘Ǥ‘–Šƒ”‡ˆ‘—†‹ Ž‘•‡’”‘š‹‹–›‹‡ Ž‘”‡‘—–›‘–Š‡‘”–Š‡”’‡”‹’Š‡”› ‘ˆ–Š‡—ƒ Š‹–ƒ‘—–ƒ‹•ǤŠ‹•’ƒ––‡”‘ˆ—Ž–‹’Ž‡•ƒŽŽ Šƒ”‡Ž‘”Š‘—•‡‘—†•†‘‡•‘–‘ —”‡Ž•‡™Š‡”‡ ‹–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”†”ƒ‹ƒ‰‡•›•–‡ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š‹–‹•–Š‡–›’‹ ƒŽ’ƒ––‡”‘ˆ–Š‡ƒ††‘‹–Š‡‡†‹˜‡”†”ƒ‹ƒ‰‡Ǥ 

ͶͶȈ Volume 20, 2010 ‹‰—”‡͸Ǥ‡‡”‡‡‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ‡–‡”ƒ†•—””‘—†‹‰”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡•ƒ†™‹‰  Šƒ’‡Žǯ•ƒ„•‡ ‡‘ˆ‡ƒ”„›”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡•ǤǤ

‹‰—”‡͹Ǥƒ–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡•‡––‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡‘ŽŠ‘’•‘ƒ† ‘Ž•‘”‡‡‘—†•Ǥ

ĆĉĉĔėĈčĊĔđĔČĞ ĔĚėēĆđȈͶͷ Multiple Mound Places: Different Construction Types

•—‰‰‡•––Šƒ––Š‡”‡ƒ”‡•‹š—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡• ‘–ƒ‹‹‰†‹ˆˆ‡”‡––›’‡•‘ˆ ‘•–”— –‡†‘—†•Ǥ –Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ǡ–Š”‡‡‘ˆ–Š‡•‡’Žƒ ‡•Šƒ˜‡„‡‡Š‹‰ŠŽ›’—„Ž‹ ‹œ‡†ǣ’‹”‘ǡ‘”ƒǡƒ† ƒ”ŽƒǤ  –Š‡’ƒ•–ǡ•‘‡‘ˆ‘–Š‡”—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†•‹–‡•Šƒ˜‡„‡‡˜‹‡™‡†ƒ•‘Ž› ‘–ƒ‹‹‰ƒ•‹‰Ž‡‘—†‘”ƒ•‹‰Ž‡ –›’‡‘ˆ ‘•–”— –‡†‘—†Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ’”‡˜‹‘—••–—†‹‡••‘‡–‹‡•†‹†‘–ˆ—ŽŽ› ‘•‹†‡”‡ƒ”Ž‹‡”‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘–Š‡•‡•‹–‡•‘”†‹†‘– ‘•‹†‡”ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹˜‡‡š’Žƒƒ–‹‘•ˆ‘”–Š‡ —””‡–‘—† ‘ϐ‹‰—”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ

Š‡ —‰Š‡••‹–‡‹—•‘‰‡‡‘—–›Šƒ•„‡‡†‡• ”‹„‡†ƒ•Šƒ˜‹‰ƒ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†•‘‡ͳͻˆ‡‡– ‹Š‡‹‰Š–ƒ†ͳ͹ͷˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”ȋƒ•†‡• ”‹„‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡ϐ‹‡Ž†‘–‡•ǡ‡ŽŽͳͻ͹ͶȌǤ› ‘™ƒ”†‘ˆ–Š‡ ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆŽƒŠ‘ƒǡƒ•’ƒ”–‘ˆ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘•ǡ‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‡†–Š‹•‘—†‹ͳͻ͵ͺǤŠ‡‘—†‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‡† „› ‘™ƒ”†‹•–Š‡‘Ž›‘‡‘–‡†‹–Š‡™‘”Ǥ—–ǡƒ•‘‰‡ŽȋʹͲͲ͸Ȍ‘–‡•ǡ–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡ Ž‡ƒ”Ž›–™‘‘—†• ’”‡•‡–ȋ —‰Š‡•ƒ† ‘”–ƒ˜‹•ȌǤ‡ƒ”Ž‹‡”†‡• ”‹’–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡•‹–‡‹ͳͻͳͲ†‡• ”‹„‡•‹–ƒ•Šƒ˜‹‰•‡˜‡‘—†• ȋƒ”•‘•ͳͻͳͲȌǤƒ”•‘•†‡• ”‹„‡•–™‘Žƒ”‰‡‘—†•ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‹‰•‘‡ͳͶˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š–ƒ†”‘—‰ŠŽ›ͶͲˆ‡‡– ‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”ƒ––Š‡‹”ƒ’‡šȋŠ‡’‡”Šƒ’•‡ƒ–„ƒ•‡ǫȌǤ ‡ƒŽ•‘‡–‹‘•–Šƒ––Š‡‘—† Ž‘•‡•––‘–Š‡”‹˜‡” ȋ —‰Š‡•ȌŠƒ•ϐ‹˜‡•ƒŽŽ‡”ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†‘—†•ǤŠ‡•‡‘—†•ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡†ƒ„‘—–ˆ‘—”ˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š–ƒ†‡‹‰Š– ˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”ȋ„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡Š‡‹‰Š–ǡ–Š‡†‹ƒ‡–‡”‡•–‹ƒ–‡‹• Ž‡ƒ”Ž›‹‡””‘”ȌǤ‡‘—†Šƒ••—”˜‹˜‡† –Š‡—”„ƒ‡š’ƒ•‹‘‘ˆ—•‘‰‡‡ƒ† —””‡–Ž›Šƒ•ƒ’”‘–‡ –‡†Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘™‹–Š‹ƒ•—„†‹˜‹•‹‘ȋ ‹‰—”‡ͺȌǤ Ž–Š‘—‰Š‹–‹• Ž‘•‡–‘–Š‡Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘”–ƒ˜‹•‘—†ǡ‹–™‘—Ž†ƒ’’‡ƒ”–‘„‡•—„•–ƒ–‹ƒŽŽ›•ƒŽŽ‡”–Šƒ ͳͷˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š–Ǥ –‘”‡ƒ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡•–Š‡•‹œ‡‘ˆ–Š‡•ƒŽŽ‡”‘—†••—””‘—†‹‰ —‰Š‡•ǤŠ‡”‡‹•ƒŽ•‘ƒ ‹•‘Žƒ–‡†ƒ”–‹ˆƒ ––Šƒ–‹†‹”‡ –Ž›’”‡•‡–• ‘ŽŽƒ„‘”ƒ–‹˜‡‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ˆ‘”–Š‡’”‡•‡ ‡‘ˆƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ•–”— –—”ƒŽ –›’‡•‘ˆ‘—†•ƒ– —‰Š‡•Ǥ‡ŽŽȋͳͻͷ͸ȌŠƒ•†‡• ”‹„‡†ƒŽƒ”‰‡ϐŽ‹– Žƒ›‡ˆϐ‹‰›’‹’‡ȋ–Š‡Š—›Žƒ›‡”Ȍ–Šƒ– ‹•‹–Š‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡–Ǥ‘—‹•”–—•‡—ǤŠ‹•‡ˆϐ‹‰›’‹’‡™ƒ•”‡’‘”–‡†Ž›”‡‘˜‡†ˆ”‘ƒ‘—† ‡ƒ”—•‘‰‡‡ƒ”‘—†ͳͻͲͷǤŠ‡•‡Žƒ”‰‡‡ˆϐ‹‰›ϐŽ‹– Žƒ›’‹’‡•Šƒ˜‡‘Ž›„‡‡”‡ ‘˜‡”‡†ˆ”‘„—”‹ƒŽ‘—† ‘–‡š–•‹ŽƒŠ‘ƒǤ ™‘—Ž†•—‰‰‡•––Šƒ––Š‹•’‹’‡ ƒ‡ˆ”‘•— Šƒ‘—†ƒ––Š‡ —‰Š‡••‹–‡ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š‹– ‹•— Ž‡ƒ”™Š‹ Š‘‡ǤŠ‡”‡ƒ”‡ƒŽ•‘ƒ•‹‰‹ϐ‹ ƒ–—„‡”‘ˆ”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡••—””‘—†‹‰–Š‡ —‰Š‡••‹–‡ ȋ ‹‰—”‡ͻȌǤ

‹‰—”‡ͺǤ—”˜‹˜‹‰ ‘”–†ƒ˜‹•‘—†ƒ––Š‡ —‰Š‡•‘—† ”‘—’Ǥ

Ͷ͸Ȉ Volume 20, 2010 ‹‰—”‡ͻǤ‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡•ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡ —‰Š‡•‘—† ”‘—’Ǥ

ĆĉĉĔėĈčĊĔđĔČĞ ĔĚėēĆđȈͶ͹ •‹‹Žƒ”•‹–—ƒ–‹‘‡š‹•–•ƒ––Š‡”ƒ ‡––•‹–‡‹Š‡”‘‡‡‘—–›ȋ ‹‰—”‡ͳͲȌǤŠ‹••‹–‡‹•ˆ”‡“—‡–Ž› †‡• ”‹„‡†ƒ• ‘–ƒ‹‹‰ƒ•‹‰Ž‡’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†ƒ†ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†˜‹ŽŽƒ‰‡Ǥ ‘™ƒ”†ƒŽ•‘‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‡†”ƒ ‡––‹ ͳͻ͵ͺƒ•’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡™‘”’”‘‰”ƒǤ ‘™ƒ”†ȋͳͻͶͲȌ†‡• ”‹„‡•ƒ•‹‰Ž‡ ‘‹ ƒŽ‘—†•‡˜‡ˆ‡‡–Š‹‰Š ƒ†ͳͲͲˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”ǤŠ‡”‡™ƒ•ƒŽ•‘ƒ ‡‡–‡”›ƒ”‡ƒƒ–”ƒ ‡–––Šƒ– ‘–ƒ‹‡†•‘‡ʹͷ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• ™‹–Š‹ƒ ‹” —• ”‹„‡†ƒ”‡ƒ•‘‡ͶͲˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”Ǥ–Ž‡ƒ•–•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•ƒ’’‡ƒ”–‘Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ •—’‡”‹’‘•‡†‘‘‡ƒ‘–Š‡”Ǥ —‡”ƒ”›‘ˆˆ‡”‹‰•™‹–Š–Š‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•‹ Ž—†‡† ‘’’‡” ‘˜‡”‡†‡ƒ”•’‘‘Ž•ǡ Žƒ”‰‡ „‹ˆƒ ‡•ǡ ƒ† ‡”ƒ‹  ˜‡••‡Ž•Ǥ ‘™ƒ”†ǯ• †‹• —••‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‹–‡ •—‰‰‡•–• –Šƒ– –Š‡ ‡‡–‡”› ƒ› Šƒ˜‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–‡†ƒ’Ž‘™‡†Ǧ†‘™„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†Ǥƒ’‘ˆ–Š‡”ƒ ‡––•‹–‡‹ŽŽ—•–”ƒ–‡•–™‘•‡–•‘ˆ•—’‡”‹’‘•‡† Š‘—•‡’ƒ––‡”•‹‡†‹ƒ–‡Ž›ƒ†Œƒ ‡––‘–Š‡ ‘‹ ƒŽ‘—†ȋ ‹‰—”‡ͳͳȌǤ •—•’‡ ––Šƒ––Š‡•‡”‡’”‡•‡–’Ž‘™‡†Ǧ †‘™ Šƒ”‡ŽŠ‘—•‡‘—†••‹‹Žƒ”–‘ ‘—•‡‘—†ͷƒ–’‹”‘ȋ‘‰‡”•ͳͻͺʹƒȌǤ

‘–Š‡”—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡™‹–Š†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•–”— –—”ƒŽ‘—†ˆ‘”•‹•–Š‡‡‡†•‹–‡‹‡Žƒ™ƒ”‡ ‘—–›ȋ ‹‰—”‡ͳʹȌǤŠ‡‡‡†•‹–‡Šƒ•‘–”‡ ‡‹˜‡†–Š‡ƒ––‡–‹‘–Šƒ–‹–‡”‹–•ǡ’”‘„ƒ„Ž›†—‡–‘–Š‡•‡– Š› ƒ–—”‡‘ˆ–Š‡†‘ —‡–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ™‘—Ž†‘–‡–Šƒ–ƒ˜‹†ƒ‡””‡‹• ‘•‹†‡”‡†‡‡†–‘„‡ƒŠ‹‰ŠŽ›•‹‰‹ϐ‹ ƒ– ‘—†•‹–‡ˆ‘”–Š‡—’’‡” ”ƒ†‹˜‡”ǡ’‡”Šƒ’•’ƒ”ƒŽŽ‡Ž‹‰’‹”‘ˆ‘”–Š‡‘”–Š‡””ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ǤŠ‡ ϐ‹”•–”‡’—–‡†™‘”ƒ––Š‡‡‡†•‹–‡™ƒ•„› ‘•‡’ŠŠ‘„—”‹ͳͻʹͷȋŠ‘„—”ͳͻ͵ͳȌǤŠ‘„—”•–ƒ–‡†–Šƒ–Š‡ ‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‡†ƒ’›”ƒ‹†ƒŽ‘—†•‘‡ʹͷˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”Ǥ—‡–‘–Š‡’”‡•‡ ‡‘ˆŽƒ”‰‡—„‡”•‘ˆˆ—‡”ƒ”› ‘ˆˆ‡”‹‰• ‹ –Š‡ ‘—†ǡ ‹– ‹• ’”‡•—‡† –Šƒ– –Š‹• ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† ƒ „—”‹ƒŽ ‘—†Ǥ  Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ †‹ˆϐ‹ —Ž–‹‡• ™‹–Š Š‘„—”ǯ•™‘”–Š‘—‰ŠǤ ‡ƒ‡•‘‡–‹‘‘ˆ‘–Š‡”‘—†•ƒ––Š‡•‹–‡ƒ†•—„•‡“—‡–‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘•„› –Š‡‹ͳͻ͵͹†‹†‘–”‡’‘”–ϐ‹†‹‰‡˜‹†‡ ‡‘ˆŠ‘„—”ǯ•‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‹‘•Ǥˆ ‘—”•‡ǡͳʹ›‡ƒ”•Šƒ†’ƒ••‡† •‹ ‡Š‘„—”†—‰ƒ–‡‡†ƒ†ˆƒ”‹‰’”ƒ –‹ ‡•ƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ••—„•‡“—‡–Ž‘‘–‹‰ ‘—Ž†Šƒ˜‡‘„• —”‡†— Š‘ˆ –Š‡‡˜‹†‡ ‡ˆ‘”Š‹•™‘”ˆ”‘–Š‡Ǥ•‡–‹‘‡†‡ƒ”Ž‹‡”ǡŠ‘„—”ƒŽ•‘ ‘—Ž†Šƒ˜‡‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‡†ƒ‘—† ‘–Š‡ƒ†Œ‘‹‹‰ —ˆˆƒ‡”’”‘’‡”–›”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒƒ–‡‡†ǤŠ‹•™‘—Ž†‡š’Žƒ‹–Š‡ƒ„•‡ ‡‘ˆƒ›‡–‹‘‘ˆ ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ‘—†•ƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•ƒ‡””‡‹•ǯ„‡Ž‹‡ˆ–Šƒ––Š‡”‡™ƒ•ƒ’Ž‘™‡†Ǧ†‘™ȋ‘”’‡”Šƒ’•‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‡†ǫȌ„—”‹ƒŽ ‘—†ƒ– —ˆˆƒ‡”Ǥ

‹‰—”‡ͳͲǤƒ–—”ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡•‡––‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡”ƒ ‡––‘—† ”‘—’Ǥ

ͶͺȈ Volume 20, 2010 ‹‰—”‡ͳͳǤ”ƒ ‡––•‹–‡ƒ’ȋ‘–‡•—’‡”‹’‘•‡†Š‘—•‡•ƒ†Œƒ ‡––‘–Š‡‘—†ȋ ‘™ƒ”†ͳͻͶͲǣͷȌǤ

‹‰—”‡ͳʹǤƒ–—”ƒŽƒ†• ƒ’‡•‡––‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡‡‡†‘—† ”‘—’Ǥ

ĆĉĉĔėĈčĊĔđĔČĞ ĔĚėēĆđȈͶͻ Š‡ ‘†— –‡†‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‹‘•ƒ––Š‡‡‡†•‹–‡ˆ”‘ͳͻ͵͹–‘ͳͻ͵ͻ—†‡”–Š‡•—’‡”˜‹•‹‘‘ˆƒ˜‹† ƒ‡””‡‹•Ǥƒ•‡†‘—””‹‰–‘ǯ•ȋͳͻ͹ͳȌƒƒŽ›•‹•‘ˆƒ‡”””‡‹•ǯϐ‹‡Ž†‘–‡•ǡ–Š‡”‡™‡”‡ͳͳ™‘”ƒ”‡ƒ•ƒ––Š‡ ‡‡†•‹–‡ǤŠ‡•‡‹ Ž—†‡†ƒ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†•‘‡•‡˜‡ˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š–ƒ†ͳͳͷˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”ǡƒ ‘‹ ƒŽ „—”‹ƒŽ‘—†ƒ„‘—–ˆ‘—”ˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š–ƒ†͸Ͳˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”ǡƒ†ƒƒ”‡ƒ ‘•‹†‡”‡†ƒDzŠ‘—•‡‘—†ȋ”‡ƒ ǦʹȌdz–Šƒ–‹ Ž—†‡†ͳʹŠ‘—•‡•–Šƒ–™‡”‡•—’‡”‹’‘•‡†‘‘‡ƒ‘–Š‡”™‹–Šƒƒ†—Ž–ƒ†ƒ Š‹Ž†„—”‹ƒŽǤ–Š‡” ƒ”‡ƒ• ‘–ƒ‹‡†‹††‡†‡„”‹•ƒ†ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽŠ‘—•‡’ƒ––‡”••‘‡‘ˆ™Š‹ Š™‡”‡•—’‡”‹’‘•‡†Ǥ–Ž‡ƒ•– •‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡•—’‡”‹’‘•‡†Š‘—•‡ϐŽ‘‘”•’”‘„ƒ„Ž›”‡’”‡•‡––Š‡”‡ƒ–•‘ˆ Šƒ”‡ŽŠ‘—•‡‘—†•ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ’‡”Šƒ’•‘–”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡†ƒ••— Š‹—””‹‰–‘ǯ•ƒƒŽ›•‹•Ǥ

Š‡–Š”‡‡”‡ƒ‹‹‰’Žƒ ‡•™‹–Š—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†•‘ˆ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•–”— –—”ƒŽˆ‘”ƒ”‡ ƒ”Žƒȋ‡ŽŽͳͻ͹ʹȌǡ ‘”ƒȋŽ„‡”–‡–ƒŽǤʹͲͲͲȌǡƒ†’‹”‘ȋ”‘™ͳͻͻ͸ȌǤŠ‡‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‡†–Š‡‘”ƒ•‹–‡ȋͳͻ͵ͶǦͳͻ͵͸Ȍ —†‡”–Š‡•—’‡”˜‹•‹‘‘ˆ ‘‡ ‹‡Ž•–‡‹ȋƒ—šƒ”ȌǤ’‹”‘ǡƒŽ•‘ƒ‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‹‘ȋͳͻ͵͸ǦͳͻͶͲȌ™ƒ• ‘†— –‡† —†‡”—‡”‘—••—’‡”˜‹•‘”•ǤŠ‡ ƒ”Žƒ•‹–‡™ƒ•‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‡†„›‡ŽŽ‹ͳͻͶͻǦͳͻͷͲƒ†•—„•‡“—‡–Ž›‹ͳͻͷͺǤ ’‹”‘ƒ† ƒ”ŽƒŠƒ˜‡”‡ ‡‹˜‡† ‘•‹†‡”ƒ„Ž‡ƒƒŽ›–‹ ƒ––‡–‹‘™Š‹Ž‡‘”ƒŠƒ•‘Ž›”‡ ‡–Ž›„‡‡–Š‡ˆ‘ —• ‘ˆ‘–Š‡”–Šƒƒ —”•‘”›‘˜‡”˜‹‡™ȋ ˆǤ”ƒˆ‘”†ʹͲͲ͹ȌǤ ˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘•ƒ– ƒ”Žƒ”‡˜‡ƒŽ‡†–Š‡’”‡•‡ ‡‘ˆƒ ‘Ǧ Œ‘‹‡†„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†ǡƒ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†ǡƒ†ϐ‹˜‡Š‘—•‡‘—†•ȋ‡ŽŽͳͻ͹ʹȌǤŠ‡ ‘ǦŒ‘‹‡†„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†™ƒ• •‡˜‡ˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š–™‹–Š†‹ƒ‡–‡”•‘ˆͷͲǡ͵ͷǡƒ†͵ͷˆ‡‡–ˆ‘”–Š‡–Š”‡‡Œ‘‹‡† ‘‹ ƒŽ‘—†•ǤŠ‡Žƒ”‰‡•– ‘—†™ƒ•‘ˆƒ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”•–”— –—”‡„‡‹‰ͳͶˆ‡‡–Š‹‰Šƒ†ͳ͵Ͳ„›ͳ͸Ͳˆ‡‡–ȋ‡ŽŽͳͻ͹ʹȌǤŠ‡ϐ‹˜‡Š‘—•‡‘—†• ”ƒ‰‡†ˆ”‘͵Φ–‘ͷΥˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š–ƒ†ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡†͹ͺˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”Ǥ –‹•†‹ˆϐ‹ —Ž––‘ƒ••‡••–Š‡‡šƒ – —„‡”‘ˆ‘—†•ƒ––Š‡‘”ƒ•‹–‡ȋŽ„‡”–ʹͲͲͲȌǤ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡”‡™‡”‡ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•––™‘ ‘ǦŒ‘‹‡†‘—†•ǡ ƒ ‘‹ ƒŽ‘—†ǡƒ†’‡”Šƒ’•–Š”‡‡‘”‘”‡Š‘—•‡‘—†•ǤŠ‡Žƒ”‰‡•–‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘ǦŒ‘‹‡†‘—†•ȋ‘—† Ȍ‹•ƒ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒƒ„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†ƒ†‹••‡˜‡ˆ‡‡–Š‹‰Š™‹–Š–™‘ ‘‹ ƒŽƒ”‡ƒ•ͻͲƒ†ͳͲͲ ˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”ǤŠ‡‘–Š‡” ‘ǦŒ‘‹‡†‘—†™ƒ•ƒ„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†‡•–‹ƒ–‡†–‘„‡ƒ”‘—†ͳͲˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š– ™‹–Š–Š‡–™‘ ‘‹ ƒŽƒ”‡ƒ•„‡‹‰͹Ͳˆ‡‡–ƒ†Ͷͷˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”ȋ ‹‡Ž•–‡‹ͳͻͶͲȌǤŠ‡”‡ƒ‹‹‰ ‘‹ ƒŽ ‘—†‹•ƒ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”•–”— –—”‡ƒ†Šƒ•ƒ†‹ƒ‡–‡”‘ˆͳͶͲˆ‡‡–ƒ†™ƒ•ƒ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡Ž›•‹šˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š–ȋŽ„‡”– ʹͲͲͲȌǤ‡ ƒ—•‡‘ˆŽ‹‹–‡†ƒ†—”‡˜‡ƒŽ‹‰–‡•–•‘ˆ–Š‡–Š”‡‡•ƒŽŽ‘—†•ȋƒ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡Ž›ͳΦˆ‡‡–Š‹‰ŠȌǡ ‹–‹•— ‡”–ƒ‹™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡•‡”‡’”‡•‡–Š‘—•‡‘—†•‘”ƒ–—”ƒŽˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•‘–Š‡Žƒ†• ƒ’‡ȋŽ„‡”–ʹͲͲͲȌǤ Š‡’‹”‘•‹–‡ ‘•‹•–•‘ˆƒ ‘ǦŒ‘‹‡†„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†ǡ–™‘’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†•ǡƒ†ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•–‹‡•ƒŽŽ‡”Š‘—•‡ ‘—†•Ǥ‘‰‡”•ȋͳͻͺʹ„ȌƒŽ•‘‡–‹‘•–Š‡’”‡•‡ ‡‘ˆƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽ•ƒŽŽ‹††‡‘—†ǦŽ‹‡ˆ‡ƒ–—”‡•–Šƒ– ‘ —”ƒ”‘—†–Š‡’Žƒœƒ™‡•–‘ˆ–Š‡”‘™‘—†Ǥ’‹”‘Šƒ•„‡‡–Š‘”‘—‰ŠŽ›ƒƒŽ›œ‡†„›”‘™ȋͳͻͻ͸Ȍƒ† –Š‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰‘—††‡• ”‹’–‹‘•ƒ”‡†”ƒ™ˆ”‘–Š‹•™‘”ǤŠ‡Žƒ”‰‡•–‘—†ƒ–’‹”‘ȋ–Š‡”ƒ‹‰‘—†Ȍ ‘•‹•–•‘ˆˆ‘—” ‘ǦŒ‘‹‡† ‘‹ ƒŽ„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†•ǤŠ‡›”ƒ‰‡ˆ”‘”‘—‰ŠŽ›͵Ͷˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š––‘ƒ”‘—†ͳʹ ˆ‡‡–ȋ–Š‡•ƒŽŽ‡•–Ȍƒ†‡š–‡†ˆ‘””‘—‰ŠŽ›͵ͷͲˆ‡‡–ǤŠ‡Žƒ”‰‡”‘ˆ–Š‡–™‘’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†•ȋ”‘™Ȍ™ƒ• ƒ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡Ž›ͳͷˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š–ƒ†ʹͲͲˆ‡‡–„›ͳ͹ͷˆ‡‡–ǤŠ‡•ƒŽŽ‡”’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†ȋ‘’’Ž‡Ȍ‹•‡•–‹ƒ–‡† –‘Šƒ˜‡„‡‡‡‹‰Š–ˆ‡‡–Š‹‰Šƒ†ƒ”‘—†͸Ͳˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”Ǥ‹‡•‹‘•‘ˆ–Š‡‹‡Š‘—•‡‘—†•”ƒ‰‡ˆ”‘ ”‘—‰ŠŽ›ϐ‹˜‡ˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š––‘ƒ„‘—––™‘ˆ‡‡–ƒ†ˆ”‘͹Ͳˆ‡‡––‘ƒ”‘—†͵ͷˆ‡‡–‹†‹ƒ‡–‡”Ǥ  ƒ”Žƒǡ‘”ƒǡƒ†’‹”‘ƒŽŽ ‘–ƒ‹’Žƒœƒ•–Šƒ–ˆ— –‹‘‡†ƒ• ‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ•’ƒ ‡•ˆ‘”–Š‡‘—† ƒ””ƒ‰‡‡–•Ǥ – ƒ‘–„‡ƒ• ‡”–ƒ‹‡†™Š‡–Š‡” —‰Š‡•ǡ‡‡†ǡƒ†”ƒ ‡–– ‘–ƒ‹‡†’Žƒœƒ•ǤŠ‡”‡ƒ”‡ Š‹–•‘ˆ•— Šƒ•’ƒ–‹ƒŽƒ””ƒ‰‡‡–ƒ–‡‡†„—–Ž‹––Ž‡‡š‹•–•–‘•—‰‰‡•––Š‡‹”’”‡•‡ ‡ƒ––Š‡‘–Š‡”–™‘•‹–‡•Ǥ

–‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ ”ƒƒ”

ƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”ƒ•ƒ• ‹˜‡” ƒ††‘ƒ Žƒ†• ƒ’‡• Šƒ• †‡‘•–”ƒ–‡† ‘–ƒ„Ž‡ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡• ‹ –Š‡ †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ‘—†ˆ‘”•ƒ†”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ‹‰Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡•‹–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹ Šƒ˜‡˜ƒ”‹ƒ„Ž‡‡š’”‡••‹‘•”ƒ‰‹‰ˆ”‘„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†•–‘’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†•Ǥ–Ž‡ƒ•––™‘‘ˆ–Š‡•‹‰Ž‡‘—† ’Žƒ ‡•‡šŠ‹„‹–‘‡˜‹†‡ ‡ˆ‘”’‡”ƒ‡–”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡›ƒ”‡ Ž‡ƒ”Ž›”‹–—ƒŽ‹œ‡†Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•

ͷͲȈ Volume 20, 2010 –Šƒ–‡ƒ”„› ‘—‹–‹‡•˜‹•‹–‘•‘‡ƒ•›‡–—†‡ϐ‹‡† › Ž‡Ǥ—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡•‘ˆ–Š‡•ƒ‡‘—† •–”— –—”‡ƒ”‡”ƒ”‡‹–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹„—–ǡ„ƒ•‡†‘ —””‡–‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ǡ”‡’”‡•‡–‡‹–Š‡”„—”‡† Š‘—•‡‘—†•‘” Šƒ”‡ŽŠ‘—•‡Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•ǤŠ‡•‡’Žƒ ‡•ƒ’’‡ƒ”–‘ƒŽ•‘Šƒ˜‡”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•Ǥ‹š —Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡•™‹–Š†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–•–”— –—”ƒŽˆ‘”•ƒ”‡•–”ƒ–‡‰‹ ƒŽŽ›Ž‘ ƒ–‡†‹–Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹Ǥ Š‡•‡•–”— –—”ƒŽ‡Ž‡‡–•‹ Ž—†‡‘‡‘”‘”‡’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†•ǡƒ„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†ȋ–›’‹ ƒŽŽ› ‘ǦŒ‘‹‡†Ȍǡ‘‡‘” ‘”‡ Šƒ”‡ŽŠ‘—•‡‘—†•ǡƒ†ƒ’ŽƒœƒǤƒ Š‘ˆ–Š‡•‡—Ž–‹’Ž‡‘—† ‡–‡”•‹•˜‡”›— ŠŽ‹‡–Š‡‘–Š‡”Ǥ ˆƒ –ǡ–ƒ„—Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡•‹œ‡‘ˆ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†•ǡ„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†•ǡƒ†Š‘—•‡‘—†•†‹•’Žƒ› ‘•‹†‡”ƒ„Ž‡ ‘””‡•’‘†‡ ‡ȋƒ„Ž‡ʹȌǤšƒ‹ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†Š‡‹‰Š–•‹’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”‹••—‰‰‡•–‹˜‡‘ˆ–™‘•‹œ‡ ‰”‘—’‹‰•ȋͶΦˆ‡‡––‘ͺˆ‡‡–ƒ†ͳʹ–‘ʹͲˆ‡‡–Ȍ–Šƒ–ƒ›”‡ϐŽ‡ –„—‹Ž–•–ƒ‰‡•ȋ–Š‡‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ„‡‹‰–Š‡’Žƒ–ˆ‘” •–”— –—”‡ƒ†–Š‡•‡ ‘†„‡‹‰–Š‡‘—†‹‰‘˜‡”‘ˆ–Š‡’Žƒ–ˆ‘”ȌǤŠ‡”‡‹•‘”‡˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘‹–Š‡•‹œ‡‘ˆ–Š‡ „—”‹ƒŽ‘—†•™Š‡”‡–Š‡›”ƒ‰‡ˆ”‘ˆ‘—”ˆ‡‡––‘ͳͲˆ‡‡–‹Š‡‹‰Š–Ǥ  ƒ„Ž‡ʹǤ‹‡•‹‘•‘ˆ‡’Ž‡ǡ—”‹ƒŽǡƒ† ‘—•‡‘—†•ǡ”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡””ƒ‹ƒ‰‡ƒ•‹ƒ††‘ƒ ‘—†•ƒ†‡–‡”•Ǥ

Š‡ϐ‹”•–†‹‡•‹‘”‡’”‡•‡–•‘—†Š‡‹‰Š–ƒ†–Š‡•‡ ‘†™‹†–ŠȀŽ‡‰–Š‘”†‹ƒ‡–‡”Ǥ

”ƒ‹‰‘—†‹•‘–‹ Ž—†‡†‹–Š‹•”ƒ‰‡†—‡–‘‡š–”‡‡˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘ˆ”‘–Š‡”‡ƒ‹†‡”‘ˆ–Š‡„—”‹ƒŽ ‘—†•ȋ͵Ͷˆ‡‡–ƒ–‹–•Š‹‰Š‡•–’‘‹–Ǣ”‘™ͳͻͻ͸ȌǤŠ‡•‹œ‡˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘‹„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†•ƒ›”‡ϐŽ‡ –ƒ—„‡” ‘ˆ ‘†‹–‹‘•‹ Ž—†‹‰–Š‡—„‡”‘ˆ‡Ž‹–‡•ˆ”‘•—””‘—†‹‰”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ’Žƒ ‡•ǡ–Š‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ’”‹‡•–Ž› ‡Ž‹–‡•ƒ––Š‡ ‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ ‡–‡”ǡ–Š‡†—”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ—•‡ˆ‘”–Š‡„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†ǡƒ††‹•–ƒ ‡–‘–Š‡‡ƒ”‡•–‘–Š‡” ‡–‡”™‹–Šƒ„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†ȋƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š–Š‡„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†•ƒ– ƒ”Žƒƒ†‘”ƒƒ”‡–Š‡Žƒ”‰‡•–‘—–•‹†‡‘ˆ ”ƒ‹‰‘—†ȌǤŠ‡”ƒ‰‡‹•‹œ‡ˆ‘”Š‘—•‡Ȁ Šƒ”‡ŽŠ‘—•‡‘—†•‹•ˆ”‘ƒ’’”‘š‹ƒ–‡Ž›‘‡ƒ†ƒŠƒŽˆˆ‡‡– ‹Š‡‹‰Š––‘ϐ‹˜‡ˆ‡‡–Ǥ ‘•–‹•–ƒ ‡•ǡ–Š‹•˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘‹Š‡‹‰Š–‹•”‡ϐŽ‡ –‹˜‡‘ˆ•‡“—‡–‹ƒŽ”‡„—‹Ž†‹‰‡’‹•‘†‡•Ǥ

—”‹‰–Š‡‹”‡ƒ”Ž›Š‹•–‘”›–Š‡‘—† ‡–‡”•Šƒ†ƒ”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–‹‘Ǥ›–Š‡‹”Žƒ–‡”Š‹•–‘”‹‡•ǡ –Š‘—‰Šǡ–Š‡›ƒ”‡–Š‘—‰Š––‘Šƒ˜‡„‡‡‘ —’‹‡†‘Ž›„›’”‹‡•–Ž›‡Ž‹–‡•™‹–Š Ž—•–‡”•‘ˆ•—””‘—†‹‰”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ ‘—‹–‹‡•Ǥ–‘‡’‘‹–ǡ”‘™ȋͳͻͻ͸Ȍƒ”‰—‡†–Šƒ––Š‡’”‡‹‡” ‡–‡”™ƒ••‡“—‡–‹ƒŽ™‹–Š ƒ”Žƒ„‡‹‰–Š‡ ‡ƒ”Ž‹‡•–ǡˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‡†„›‘”ƒǡƒ†•—„•‡“—‡–Ž›„›’‹”‘Ǥ‘”‡”‡ ‡–‡˜‹†‡ ‡™‘—Ž†•—‰‰‡•––Šƒ–ƒŽŽ–Š”‡‡

ĆĉĉĔėĈčĊĔđĔČĞ ĔĚėēĆđȈͷͳ Š‡Ž†’”‘‹‡ ‡ǡƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š„›–Š‡‹†ͳͶͲͲ•’‹”‘ Ž‡ƒ”Ž›™ƒ•‘”‡’”‡•–‹‰‹‘—•ȋ”ƒˆ‘”†ʹͲͲ͹ȌǤ ˜‹‡™‹‰ –Š‡ƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ‰”ƒƒ”‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡–‡”•ǡ ™‘—Ž†ƒ”‰—‡–Šƒ––Š‡”‡‹•ƒDz•–”— –—”ƒŽ‰”ƒƒ”dz–Šƒ–ƒ ‘’ƒ‹‡• –Š‡ƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽƒ•’‡ –ǤŠ‹••–”— –—”ƒŽ‰”ƒƒ”‹˜‘Ž˜‡•‡Ž‡‡–•‡„‡††‡†™‹–Š‹–Š‡’”ƒ –‹ ‡•‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ ‡–‡”ǤŠ‡•–”— –—”ƒŽ’”‡•‡ ‡‹ Ž—†‡•–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ Šƒ”‡ŽŠ‘—•‡•ˆ‘”Š‘Ž†‹‰†‡ ‡ƒ•‡†’”‹‡•–Ž› ‡Ž‹–‡•ƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•ƒ’Žƒ ‡ˆ‘”ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†”‹–—ƒŽ•Ǣ–Š‡„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†ȋƒ†’‘••‹„Ž‡ƒˆϐ‹Ž‹ƒ–‡† ”‡ƒ–‘”‹—Ȍ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡†‡ ‡ƒ•‡†ƒ”‡—Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž›‹–‡””‡†Ǣ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†•™Š‡”‡’”‹‡•–Ž›Ž‡ƒ†‡”•’”‡•‹†‡‘˜‡” ‡”‡‘‹‡•Ǣƒ† –Š‡—•‡‘ˆ–Š‡’Žƒœƒ•ˆ‘” ‡”‡‘‹‡•™Š‡”‡Ž‡••Š‹‡”ƒ” Š‹ ƒŽ’”ƒ –‹ ‡•ƒ”‡‹˜‘Ž˜‡†Ǥ”‘™ǡ‡ŽŽǡƒ†› ‘ˆˆ ȋͳͻ͹ͺȌƒ”‰—‡†ˆ‘”ƒ”ƒ‡†‘”†‡”‹‰‘ˆ’Žƒ ‡•ˆ‘””ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”ƒ††‘ƒ•‘ ‹‡–›Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ‹–ƒ’’‡ƒ”•–‘‡ –Šƒ–‹–‹•‘”‡‘ˆƒ•–”— –—”‡™Š‡”‡ƒ„Ž—‡’”‹–‹•‹‹–‹ƒŽŽ›‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†–‘‡‡–ƒ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”•‡–‘ˆ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•Ȁ ’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ”‡“—‹”‡‡–•Ǥ‘”‡‘˜‡”ǡ–Š‹••–”— –—”‡‹•’‡” ‡‹˜‡†ƒ•„‡‹‰‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†‡ƒ”Ž›‹–Š‡Ž‹ˆ‡Š‹•–‘”›‘ˆ –Š‡‘—† ‡–‡”Ȅ™‹–Š‡ƒ Š ‡–‡”‡˜‘Ž˜‹‰–‘‡‡––Š‹••–”— –—”‡ǤŽƒœƒ•ƒ”‡ Ž‡ƒ”Ž›ƒ‹’‘”–ƒ–’ƒ”–‘ˆ ”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”„ƒ•‹”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•’”ƒ –‹ ‡ȋƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š‘–™‡ŽŽ‹†‡–‹ϐ‹‡†„›‡ƒ”Ž›™‘”ƒ––Š‡ —‰Š‡•ǡ‡‡†ǡƒ† ’‘••‹„Ž›”ƒ ‡––•‹–‡•ȌǤ‘‡‘—†’Žƒ ‡•†‘‘–ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™–Š‹•„Ž—‡’”‹–ȋ‡Ǥ‰ǡ—ˆƒ—Žƒǡ‹ŽŽ‹‡”‡‡ǡ‡‡”‡‡ǡ ™‹‰Šƒ’‡Žǡ ‘Ž•‘”‡‡ǡƒ†‘ŽŠ‘’•‘ȌǤ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ˜‹‡™‹‰–Š‡•‡ƒ••‡ ‘†ƒ”›’Žƒ ‡•ǡ ‹–‹•‘”‡”‡ƒ•‘ƒ„Ž‡–‘ ‘•‹†‡”–Š‡ƒ•‘’‡”ƒ–‹‰—†‡”ƒ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–ƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ‰”ƒƒ”Ǥ ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ ‡‡”‡‡ƒ†™‹‰Šƒ’‡Ž‘ —”‘Š‹‰Š–‡””ƒ ‡•‘˜‡”Ž‘‘‹‰–Š‡ƒŽŽ—˜‹ƒŽ˜ƒŽŽ‡›•ƒ†ƒ’’‡ƒ”–‘‘–Šƒ˜‡ ”‡•‹†‡–‹ƒŽ‘ —’ƒ–•Ǥ ™‘—Ž†•—‰‰‡•––Šƒ–”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ–Š‡•‡„‡‹‰•‡ ‘†ƒ”› ‡–‡”•–Šƒ––Š‡›”‡’”‡•‡– ƒ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– „Ž—‡’”‹– –Šƒ– Šƒ• ƒ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’ –‘ ”ƒ•ƒ• ‹˜‡” „ƒ•‹ ƒ††‘ƒ ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•Ȁ’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ ’”ƒ –‹ ‡•‘”’‡”Šƒ’•ƒ”‡‘”‡ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡œƒ” ‹‰ŠŽƒ†•‘—†‰”‘—’•ȋ‡Ǥ‰Ǥǡ ‘ˆ‘”–ŠǦƒ‹†‡ǡ —–•˜‹ŽŽ‡ȌǤ ‘Ž•‘”‡‡‘—†•ƒ†‘ŽŠ‘’•‘ƒŽ•‘ƒ’’‡ƒ”‘ˆƒ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–’ƒ––‡”ƒ†ƒ• •—‰‰‡•–‡† ‡ƒ”Ž‹‡”ƒ›„‡‘”‡”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘—ƒ Š‹–ƒ‘—–ƒ‹•ƒ††‘’”ƒ –‹ ‡•ǤŠ‡–™‘•‹‰Ž‡‘—†Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡ ‘•–†‹ˆϐ‹ —Ž––‘‡š’Žƒ‹‹”‡‰ƒ”†–‘†‡˜‹ƒ ‡‹–Š‡ƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ‰”ƒƒ”ƒ”‡‹ŽŽ‹‡”‡‡ƒ†—ˆƒ—ŽƒǤ‹ŽŽ‹‡ ”‡‡ ‘—Ž†”‡’”‡•‡––Š‡„‡‰‹‹‰•‘ˆƒ‡™ ‡–‡”‡˜‘Ž˜‹‰ˆ”‘–Š‡‡‡†‘—†•Ǥ—ˆƒ—Žƒ‘—†‹•‘”‡ ’”‘„Ž‡ƒ–‹ Ǥ••—‹‰–Šƒ––Š‡”‡‹•ƒ ‘•‹•–‡–•–”— –—”‡‘ˆ’”ƒ –‹ ‡‹’Žƒ ‹‰–Š‡’”‹‡•–Ž›‡Ž‹–‡‹ Šƒ”‡Ž Š‘—•‡•’”‹‘”–‘ϐ‹ƒŽ†‹•’‘•‹–‹‘‹–Š‡„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†ǡ™Š‡”‡ƒ”‡–Š‡ Šƒ”‡ŽŠ‘—•‡•ƒ–—ˆƒ—Žƒǫ†ǡ™Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡”‡ƒ”‡‹•–ƒ ‡•‘ˆ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†•™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ„•‡ ‡‘ˆ„—”‹ƒŽ‘—†•ǡ–Š‡”‡‹•‘‘–Š‡” ƒ•‡‘ˆƒ„—”‹ƒŽ ‘—†ˆ‘—†™‹–Š‘—–ƒƒ ‘’ƒ›‹‰’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‘—†ȋ‡š ‡’–‹‰–Š‡ ‘ˆ—•‹‰•‹–—ƒ–‹‘ƒ–”ƒ ‡––ȌǤ  ™‘—Ž†ƒ”‰—‡Š‡”‡–Šƒ––Š‡‡š ‡’–‹‘ƒŽŽ›•ƒ†›•‘‹Ž•ƒ–—ˆƒ—Žƒǡ ‘„‹‡†™‹–Šƒ‰”‹ —Ž–—”ƒŽƒ –‹˜‹–›‹‰Š–Šƒ˜‡ ”‡•—Ž–‡†‹–Š‹• ‡–‡”„‡‹‰•‹‰‹ϐ‹ ƒ–Ž›†‡‰”ƒ†‡†’”‹‘”–‘†‘ —‡–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ  ”‘–Š‡•‡‘„•‡”˜ƒ–‹‘•ǡ ƒ•—‰‰‡•–‹‰–Šƒ––Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”ƒ††‘ƒƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ‰”ƒƒ” Š‘Ž†•‘”‡‹ ‘‘™‹–Š–Š‡‹••‹••‹’’‹ƒ‘”Ž†–Šƒ†‘‡•–Š‡‹”‡†‹˜‡”ƒ††‘ ‘—–‡”’ƒ”–•’”ƒ –‹ ‡• –‘ –Š‡ •‘—–Š ȋƒ• •—‰‰‡•–‡† „›  Šƒ„ƒ ŠȌǤ  Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡ ƒ” Š‹–‡ –—”ƒŽ ‰”ƒƒ” ‹• ‘”‡ ‘•‹•–‡– ™‹–Š ƒ ‹••‹••‹’’‹ƒ–Š‡‡ǡ–Š‹•†‘‡•‘–‡ ‡••ƒ”‹Ž›‹’Ž›–Šƒ–‹••‹••‹’’‹ƒ•‘ ‹‡–›’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘•™‡”‡ƒ –‹˜‡Ž› †‹”‡ –‹‰–Š‡•–”— –—”ƒŽ‰”ƒƒ”ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡†™‹–Š”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”ƒ††‘ƒ’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽƒ†”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•’”ƒ –‹ ‡•Ǥ Š‹•”‡Žƒ–‹‘•Š‹’„‡–™‡‡–Š‡Š‹‰Š Š—” Š‘ˆ‹••‹••‹’’‹ƒ”‡Ž‹‰‹‘—•Š‹•–‘”›ƒ†”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”ƒ††‘ƒ• ”‡ƒ‹•’‘‘”Ž›—†‡”•–‘‘†ǤŠ‹Ž‡–Š‹•’ƒ’‡”Šƒ•‡šƒ‹‡†–Š‡ ‘•–”— –‡†Žƒ†• ƒ’‡ǡ •Š‘—Ž†ƒŽ•‘’‘‹– ‘—––Šƒ–‹†‡ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽƒ†• ƒ’‡•ƒŽ•‘‡š‹•–ƒ†‡”‹–ƒ––‡–‹‘Ǥ–’‹”‘ǡ–Š‡ϐ‹ƒŽ ‘•–”— –‹‘‘ˆ”‘™‘—†ǡ –Š‘—‰Š––‘„‡ƒ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‡ƒ”„›‘—†‘—–ƒ‹ǡŠ‹–•‘ˆ•›„‘Ž‹ ”‡ˆ‡”‡–•ƒ•†‘’‡–”‘‰›Ž’Š• ˆ‘—†ƒ–ƒ”‘ •Š‡Ž–‡”‡ƒ”’‹”‘Ǥ

ͷʹȈ Volume 20, 2010 ‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡•‹–‡†

Ž„‡”–ǡ‘‹•Ǥ  ʹͲͲͲ Š‡‘”ƒ‹–‡ǣ‡• ”‹’–‹‘•ǤCaddoan Archeology ͳͳǣȋͳǦʹȌǣʹ͵Ǧ͸ͺǤ

‡ŽŽǡ‘„‡”–Ǥ  ͳͻͷ͹ –‘‡‹’‡ ‘—†‹—•‘‰‡‡ǡŽƒŠ‘ƒǤNewsletter of the Oklahoma Anthropological Society ͷ ȋ͵Ȍǣ͸Ǧ͹Ǥ  ͳͻ͹Ͷ ‘—†•ƒ† ‹‡Ž†™‘”‡ƒ”—•‘‰‡‡ǡŽƒŠ‘ƒǤNewsletter of the Oklahoma Anthropological Society ʹʹȋͺȌǣ͸ǦͻǤ  ͳͻ͹ʹ The Harlan Site, Ck-6, A Prehistoric Mound Center in Cherokee County, Eastern Oklahoma. ‡‘‹” ‘ǤʹǡŽƒŠ‘ƒ–Š”‘’‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ‘ ‹‡–›Ǥ  ͳͻͺͶ Š‡”ƒƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”ƒ††‘ƒǣŠ‡ ƒ”ŽƒŠƒ•‡Ǥ Prehistory of Oklahomaǡ‡†‹–‡†„›‘„‡”–Ǥ ‡ŽŽǡ’’ǤʹʹͳǦʹ͵ͻǡ ƒ†‡‹ ”‡••ǡ‡™‘”Ǥ

”‹• ‘‡ǡ ƒ‡•  ͳͻ͹͹ The Plantation Site: An Early Caddoan Settlement in Eastern Oklahoma. ŽƒŠ‘ƒ ‹‰Š™ƒ› ” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ—”˜‡›ǡƒ’‡”•‹ ‹‰Š™ƒ›” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰›͵Ǥ

”‘‘•ǡ‘„‡”–Ǥ  ͳͻͻ͸ Š‡”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”ƒŽŽ‡›ǣ‡™ƒ”ƒ†‹‰ǡ‡˜‹•‹‘‹•–‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡•ƒ†–Š‡” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ ‡ ‘”†ǤCaddoan Archeology Newsletter͹ȋͳȌǣͳ͹Ǧʹ͹Ǥ  ʹͲͲ͸ ”‘‘—†•–‘‘ƒ•–‡”‹‡•ǣ‘‘ƒ–’‹”‘ƒ†–Š‡”‡–‡”•Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡•‡‘ˆ‡–ƒ’Š‘”Ǥ Caddo ArchaeologyͳͷǣͶͳǦͷͺǤ  ʹͲͲͺ ‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆƒ††‘‡––Ž‡‡–•‘–Š‡ƒ–—”ƒŽƒ†• ƒ’‡ǣ‹‡™ˆ”‘‘—–Š‡ƒ•–‡”ŽƒŠ‘ƒǤ ƒ’‡”’”‡•‡–‡†ƒ––Š‡͸ͷ–Š—ƒŽ‘—–Š‡ƒ•–‡”” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ‘ˆ‡”‡ ‡ǡŠƒ”Ž‘––‡Ǥ

”‘™ǡ ƒ‡•  ͳͻͺͶ ”ƒ•ƒ•‹˜‡”ƒ††‘ƒǣŠ‡’‹”‘Šƒ•‡Ǥ Prehistory of Oklahomaǡ‡†‹–‡†„›‘„‡”–Ǥ‡ŽŽǡ ’’ǤʹͶͳǦʹ͸͵ǡ ƒ†‡‹ ”‡••ǡ‡™‘”Ǥ  ͳͻͻ͸ The Spiro Ceremonial Center. ‡‘‹”•‘ˆ–Š‡—•‡—‘ˆ–Š”‘’‘Ž‘‰›ǡ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ‹ Š‹‰ƒǡ —„‡”ʹͻǡ”„‘”Ǥ

”‘™ǡ ƒ‡•Ǥǡ‘„‡”–Ǥ‡ŽŽǡƒ†‘ Ǥ› ‘ˆˆ  ͳͻ͹ͺ ƒ††‘ƒ ‡––Ž‡‡– ƒ––‡”• ‹ –Š‡ ”ƒ•ƒ• ‹˜‡” ”ƒ‹ƒ‰‡Ǥ Mississippian Settlement Patternsǡ‡†‹–‡†„›”— ‡Ǥ‹–Šǡ’’Ǥͳ͸ͻǦʹͲͲǤ ƒ†‡‹ ”‡••ǡ‡™‘”Ǥ  ”—•‡–Šǡ ƒ‡•Ǥǡ‹ƒ‡Ǥ‹Ž•‘ǡƒ†‹‘–Š›Ǥ‡”––—Žƒ  ͳͻͻͷ Š‡ƒ†‡”•‹–‡ǣ’‹”‘ƒ–”‡’Ø–‹‡šƒ•ǫPlains Anthropologist ͶͲǣʹʹ͵Ǧʹ͵͸Ǥ

”ƒˆ‘”†ǡƒ˜‹†  ʹͲͲ͹ Political Dynamics of Closely Spaced Mississippian Polities in Eastern Oklahomaǣ The Harlan (34CK6) and Norman (34WG2) Sites ǤǤǤŠ‡•‹•ǡ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆŽƒŠ‘ƒǤ‘”ƒǤ  ‹‡Ž•–‡‹ǡ Ǥ ‘‡  ͳͻͶͲ Š‡‘”ƒ‹–‡š ƒ˜ƒ–‹‘•‡ƒ”ƒ‰‘‡”ǡŽƒŠ‘ƒǤThe Oklahoma Prehistorian ͵ȋ͵ȌǣʹǦͳͷǤ

ƒŽǡ ‡””›Ǥ  ͳͻ͹ͺ Archaeological Investigations at Wister Lake, Le Flore County, Oklahoma. ” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ‡•‡ƒ” Š ƒ†ƒƒ‰‡‡–‡–‡”ǡ‡•‡ƒ” Š‡”‹‡•ͳǤ

‘™ƒ”†ǡ›  ͳͻͶͲ ”‡Ž‹‹ƒ”›‡’‘”–‘Š‡”‘‡‡‘—–›ǡŽƒŠ‘ƒ” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰›ǤOklahoma Prehistorian ͵ȋͳȌǣʹǦ ͻǤ

ĆĉĉĔėĈčĊĔđĔČĞ ĔĚėēĆđȈͷ͵ ‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡•‹–‡†ȋ‘–ǤȌ

ƒ›ǡƒ”˜‹ǡ ‡‘”‰‡ƒ„‘ ǡƒ†ƒŽ’Š‡”Ž‡––‹  ͳͻͺͻ ƒ–‡”‡Š‹•–‘”‹ ‡––Ž‡‡–ƒ––‡”‹‰ǣ‹‡™ˆ”‘Š”‡‡ƒ††‘ƒ‹˜‹ Ǧ‡”‡‘‹ƒŽ‡–‡”• ‹‘”–Š™‡•–”ƒ•ƒ•Ǥ Contributions to Spiro Archaeology: Mound Excavations and Regional Perspectivesǡ ‡†‹–‡† „› Ǥ ƒ‹‡Ž ‘‰‡”•ǡ ‘ Ǥ › ‘ˆˆǡ ƒ† ‡‹• ‡–‡”•‘ǡ ’’Ǥ ͳʹͻǦͳͷ͹ǡ ŽƒŠ‘ƒ” Š‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ—”˜‡›ǡ–—†‹‡•‹ŽƒŠ‘ƒǯ•ƒ•–‘Ǥͳ͸Ǥ

‡™‹•ǡǤƒ””›ǡŠƒ”Ž‡•–‘—–ǡƒ†ƒ‡”‘Ǥ‡••‘  ͳͻͻͺ Š‡ ‡•‹‰ ‘ˆ ‹••‹••‹’’‹ƒ ‘™•Ǥ   Mississippian Towns and Sacred Spaces: Searching for an Architectural Grammar, ‡†‹–‡†„›Ǥƒ””›‡™‹•ƒ†Šƒ”Ž‡•–‘—–ǡ’’ǤͳǦʹͳǤ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ Žƒ„ƒƒ”‡••ǡ—• ƒŽ‘‘•ƒǤ

ƒ›‘ǡ‹ Šƒ‡Ž  ͳͻ͹ͷ A Resurvey and Assessment of the Prehistoric Resources of Wister Lake, Le Flore County, Oklahoma. ‡‡”ƒŽ—”˜‡›‡’‘”–‘ǤͳͷǡŽƒŠ‘ƒ‹˜‡”ƒ•‹—”˜‡›”‘Œ‡ –ǡ‘”ƒǤ —–‘ǡ —›Ǥ  ͳͻͺͲ The Habiukut of Eastern Oklahoma. Parris Mound, Part I, Phase I: An Archaeological Report. ŽƒŠ‘ƒ ‹•–‘”‹ ƒŽ‘ ‹‡–›ǡ‡”‹‡•‹–Š”‘’‘Ž‘‰›‘Ǥ͵Ǥ ””ǡ‡‡–Š  ͳͻͶͷ The Eufaula Mound, Oklahoma: Contribution of the Spiro Focus. ƒ•–‡”• –Š‡•‹•ǡ ‹˜‡”•‹–› ‘ˆ Š‹ ƒ‰‘ǡŠ‹ ƒ‰‘Ǥ

ƒ”•‘•ǡ”–Š—”Ǥ  ͳͻͳͲ ” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ‘–‡•ȋ‘—†•‹ŽƒŠ‘ƒȌǤThe Archaeological Bulletin ʹǣͻʹǦͻ͵ǡ‘— ‹Ž ”‘˜‡ǡ ƒ•ƒ•Ǥȋ”‡’”‹–‡†‹–Š‡‡™•Ž‡––‡”‘ˆ–Š‡ŽƒŠ‘ƒ–Š”‘’‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ‘ ‹‡–›͵ȋͶȌǣͶǦͷȌ

‡”––—Žƒǡ‹‘–Š›Ǥ  ʹͲͲͻ ‘”‡™‘”†ǣ—””‡–‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡‘ƒ††‘” Š‡‘Ž‘‰›Ǥ Classics in Texas Archeology, Volume 1: Caddo Archeologyǡ‡”‹‡•‡†‹–‘”ǡ‹‘–Š›Ǥ‡”––—Žƒǡ’’ǤͷǦͳͺǤ —•–ƒ˜‹„”ƒ”›ǡƒ˜‡’‘”– Ǥ

Ž— ŠƒŠǡŠ‘ƒ• Ǥ  ʹͲͲ͹ Archaeological Investigations in Spiro’s Hinterlands: Testing of the Lee Creek Ceremonial Center Site (34SQ12), Sequoyah County, Oklahoma. ‡’‘”–•—„‹––‡†–‘–Š‡ŽƒŠ‘ƒ ‹•–‘”‹ ƒŽ‘ ‹‡–›ǡ ŽƒŠ‘ƒ‹–›Ǥ  —””‹‰–‘ǡ—”–‘Ǥ  ͳͻ͹Ͳ The Prehistory of Delaware County, Oklahoma: Cultural Continuity and Change on the Western Ozark Periphery. ŠǤǤ†‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘ǡ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ‹• ‘•‹ǡƒ†‹•‘Ǥ

‘‰‡”•ǡ Ǥƒ‹‡Ž  ͳͻ͹ͺ ‡†‡”ƒŽŽ› ’‘•‘”‡† ” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ ‘” ‹ ŽƒŠ‘ƒ ‡ˆ‘”‡ ‘”Ž† ƒ” Ǥ  ’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ƒ—• ”‹’–‘ϐ‹Ž‡ǡŽƒŠ‘ƒ” Š‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ—”˜‡›ǡ‘”ƒǤ  ͳͻͺʹƒ Spiro Archaeology: 1980 Research. ŽƒŠ‘ƒ” Š‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ—”˜‡›ǡ–—†‹‡•‹ŽƒŠ‘ƒǯ•ƒ•–ͻǤ  ͳͻͺʹ„ Spiro Archaeology: The Plaza. ŽƒŠ‘ƒ” Š‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ—”˜‡›ǡ–—†‹‡•‹ŽƒŠ‘ƒǯ•ƒ•–ͳͲǤ  ‘‰‡”•ǡ Ǥƒ‹‡Žƒ† ‡‘”‰‡ƒ„‘  ʹͲͲͶ ƒ††‘Ǥ Handbook of North American Indians: Southeastǡ‡†‹–‡†„›ƒ›‘†Ǥ ‘‰‡Ž•‘ǡ’’Ǥ ͸ͳ͸Ǧ͸͵ʹǤ‹–Š•‘‹ƒ •–‹–—–‹‘”‡••ǡƒ•Š‹‰–‘ǤǤ

‘‰‡”•ǡ Ǥƒ‹‡Žǡ‘ Ǥ› ‘ˆˆǡƒ†‡‹•‡–‡”•‘ȋ‡†‹–‘”•Ȍ  ͳͻͺͻ Contributions to Spiro Archeology: Mound Excavations and Regional Perspectives. ŽƒŠ‘ƒ ” Š‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ—”˜‡›ǡ–—†‹‡•‹ŽƒŠ‘ƒǯ•ƒ•–ͳ͸Ǥ

ͷͶȈ Volume 20, 2010 ‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡•‹–‡†ȋ‘–ǤȌ

‘Š”„ƒ—‰ŠǡŠƒ”Ž‡•Ǥ  ͳͻͺʹ Spiro and Fort Coffee Phases: Changing Cultural Complexes of the Caddoan Area. ŠǤǤ†‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘ǡ ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ‹• ‘•‹ǡƒ†‹•‘Ǥ

 Šƒ„ƒ Šǡ ”ƒǤ  ͳͻͻ͵ƒ ‘‡‡™ –‡”’”‡–ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ’‹”‘ƒ—Ž–—”‡ ‹•–‘”›Ǥ Archaeology of Eastern North America: Papers in Honor of Stephen Williamsǡ ‡†‹–‡† „› ƒ‡• Ǥ –‘Ž–ƒǡ ’’Ǥ ͳͺ͹Ǧʹ͵ͲǤ  ‹••‹••‹’’‹ ‡’ƒ”–‡–‘ˆ” Š‹˜‡•ƒ† ‹•–‘”›ǡ” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ‡’‘”–‘Ǥʹͷ  ͳͻͻ͵„ ’‹”‘ƒ –”‡’Ø–• ƒ† ‡›‘† –Š‡ ‡•–‡” ‘”†‡” ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”ƒ•Ǧ‹••‹••‹’’‹  ‘—–ŠǤ Caddoan Archaeology Newsletter ͶȋʹȌǣͳͳǦʹ͸Ǥ  ͳͻͻͻ ’‹”‘ƒ†–Š‡—‹ ƒǣ‡™ –‡’”‡–ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‘Ž‡‘ˆ–Š‡—‹ ƒ‹–Š‡—Ž–—”‡ ‹•–‘”›‘ˆ–Š‡ ‘—–Š‡ƒ•–ƒ†–Š‡‘—–Š‡”Žƒ‹•Ǥ Arkansas Archaeology: Essays in Honor of Dan and Phyllis Morseǡ‡†‹–‡†„›‘„‡”–Ǥƒ‹ˆ‘”–ƒ†ƒ”˜‹ ‡–‡”ǡ’’Ǥͳ͸ͻǦʹʹͶǤ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ”ƒ•ƒ•”‡••Ǥ ƒ›‡––‡˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǥ

Šƒ‡ˆˆ‡”ǡ ƒ‡•Ǥ  ͳͻͷ͹ Š‡ƒ‰Ž‡‹–‡ǡǦͶǤBulletin of the Oklahoma Anthropological Society ͷǣͻ͵ǦͳͲͲǤ

Š‘„—”ǡ ‘•‡’Š  ͳͻ͵ͳ Š‡”‡Š‹•–‘”‹ —Ž–—”‡•‘ˆŽƒŠ‘ƒǤ Archaeology of the Arkansas River Valley „›ƒ””‡‹‰ ‘‘”‡Š‡ƒ†ǡ’ƒ‰‡•ǫǫ‡’ƒ”–‡–‘ˆ” Šƒ‡‘Ž‘‰›ǡŠ‹ŽŽ‹’• ƒ†‡›ǡ†‘˜‡”ǡƒ••ƒ Š—•‡––•Ǥ

‘‰‡Žǡ ”‡‰‘”›  ʹͲͲͷ A View from the Bottomlands: Late Prehistoric Mound Centers and Their Relationship to the Landscape in the Northern Caddo Area. ŠǤǤ†‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘ǡ‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ”ƒ•ƒ•ǡ ƒ›‡––‡˜‹ŽŽ‡Ǥ

› ‘ˆˆǡ‘ Ǥ  ͳͻͺͲ Caddoan Adaptive Strategies in the Arkansas Basin, Eastern Oklahoma. ŠǤǤ †‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘ǡ ƒ•Š‹‰–‘–ƒ–‡‹˜‡”•‹–›ǡ—ŽŽƒǤ  ͳͻͺͷ Spiro Mounds: Prehistoric Gateway , Present-Day Enigma. –‘˜ƒŽŽ—•‡—‘ˆƒ–—”ƒŽ ‹•–‘”›Ƭ ŽƒŠ‘ƒ” Š‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ—”˜‡›ǡ‘”ƒǤ

ĆĉĉĔėĈčĊĔđĔČĞ ĔĚėēĆđȈͷͷ