FORKTAIL 13 (1998): 33-68

Bird records from , October 1994-August 1995

J. W. DUCKWORTH, R. J. TIZARD, R. J. TIMMINS, R. M. THEWLIS, W. G. ROBICHAUD and T. D. EVANS

Between October 1994 and June 1995 were surveyed at six main areas in Laos, with incidental observations at many other sites extending until August 1995. Most effort was at four sites between 17°26' Nand 18°40' N (the Nakay Plateau, Phou Khaokhoay National Biodiversity Conservation Area (NBCA), Nam Kading NBCA and three nearby limestone outcrops), but there was extensive work on the Bolaven Plateau to the south and a brief visit to Phou Dendin NBCA in the extreme north. The latter is the first survey of a site much north of Vientiane since 1950. Information was collected for 15 Globally Threatened species and 28 Globally Near- Threatened species (sensu Collar et al. 1994), nine species At Risk in Laos, seven potentially so and one where threats in Laos are little known (sensu Thewlis et aL in prep.). A further Globally Near-Threatened species was recorded provisionally. Records of Grey-sided Thrush Turdus ftae and Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melanocephala were the first for Indochina. Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ftrruginea, Lesser poliocephalus,Pallas's Gull Larus ichthyaetus (from December 1995), Dunlin Calidris alpina, Long-toed Stint C subminutaand Chestnut-vented Nuthatch Sitta nagaensiswere new to Laos and Eurasian Blackbird Turdus merula to . A total of 12 (plus one provisionally identified), nine and five (plus one provisionally identified) species were found new for North, Central and South Laos respectively. Most discussion concerns geographical distribution, but seasonality of occurrence and altitudinal ranges are also covered.

This is the third paper (following Thewlis et at. 1996, Evans - Habitat classification is based on Round (1988) as and Timmins 1997) documenting recent bird records from expanded by Thewlis et at. (in prep.); Laos, after an absence of new information between 1950 - Site names follow the Service Geographique d'Etat 1: and 1990. 100,000 series of maps, except those modified by Thewlis et Fieldwork in 1994-1995 was conducted in conjunction 'at. (in prep.); this source gives co-ordinates and altitudes for with the Centre for Protected Areas and Watershed most sites and relates map names to locally used names or Management ofthe Department of Forestry of the Ministry those in past references. Sites not in Thewlis et at. (in prep.) of Agriculture and Forestry of the Government of Laos. are presented in a supplementary gazetteer in Appendix 2; Several surveys investigated the possible effects of Species of global and national conservation concern hydropower projects (planned or under construction) on (together referred to as Key Species) are taken from wildlife. As in the previous 24 months, the country north Thewlis et al. (in prep.) which incorporates the assessments of 18°40' N was underworked compared with the south, of Collar et al. (1994); although one site almost at the northern tip of Laos was - Scientific names are given in the text only for species not visited briefly. in Appendix 1. This paper provides baseline status information for all bird species observed with fuller information for records of particular interest. All species of elevated global or STUDY SITES regional conservation concern are detailed fully in Thewlis et at. (in prep.). When birds were unidentified in the field All sites visited and referred to in the text are portrayed in using standard literature, but later identified by reference Fig. 1. to museum skins, brief details are given concerning how the identification was clarified. Mammal records from these Main study sites surveys are presented in Duckworth (1997) and Evans et al. (in prep.). Nam Kading NBCA (18°11'-39'N 103°54'-104°34'E) and surroundings; North Laos with marginal overlap to Central Laos: 24 December 1994 - 31 January 1995; 18 March - ABBREVIATIONS AND CONVENTIONS 29 April 1995. Fig. 2. See WCS (1995c, d). Three main areas of the NBCA, all under 600 m, were BM(NH), The Natural History Museum, Tring, U.K.; surveyed. Surveys outside NBCA boundaries were to NBCA, National Biodiversity Conservation Area; PPA, investigate the effects of two dams on the Nam Kading, Proposed Protected Area. the Theun-Hinboun dam (abutting the upstream end of and nomenclature follow Inskipp et at. (1996). the NBCA) and proposed Nam Theun 1 dam (at the Other conventions follow Thewlis et at. (1996). Briefly: downstream extremity of the NBCA). This resulted in a - Indochina comprises Laos, and Cambodia; complicated recording area (Fig. 2), broken down as - The divisions of North, Central and South Laos follow follows (the designation of letters and numbers refers to King et al. (1975); Appendix 1). 34 J. W. DUCKWORTH et al. Forktail13 (1998)

, "-, / , -, ' , 'oJ '--lO~:E ,, r, 102°E / , " lO6'E ,--' , , '-''r'~' ',/ ,I J I" ,, ,~ I '\ " '~ "',', ,, , ", , , ~, \" '\ '--,-, 22°N ?'o,Ban j 0 \'--'- , VIETNAM ,'- Ban :Phongsali \ Laopouchai : '-- , MuangyoI \ / '- I It) I 0,, \ , \ ',Ban Boun-Tail \-' '--'i_- ~ \ \ '" \\ L ) "" .--- ~! \ --", 2J '---,- ,-.I " ~! '" ,. '" :9 ",> !! ,-'J, ( . ~-,~ ,-, , " , ,,-' I, ,, \ ,-, .7-"' ".~ ~v'-' ,- ,: "-'-,,' '--,' / oBan Souy I ,/-- '/ -\\ \ PLAIN}OFJARS BanNonghet~> -'. " , \0 0 ,----. ,, \~ BanPhonsavan ../( ---'" ,\ , \,~Z ~'\<-' '--', ------,, Van~ang , ) Ban \~/ '-'L, , ( . Thathom ;~", ,, 0»9-- '-, ,, ."'td '-'-, , ,, . -) \" ,\ ,I Ban Nape" ,, -I ,- - 18'N ,,, -' <-. %", Ba(~~a ,,," --?,:? '..,~ ,'- /-' Ban\ . ,'-,/ Nakay-v.'; 102'E , Thakhek '-, , KEY I ,, !" '\ " National Biodiversity Conservation Areas "', / '. './ , 1. Phou Khaokhoay 0 Ban Xeno 2. Nam Kading MuangPhin !~Po\' 3. Khammouan Limestone 0 i "-, Savannakhet ./J ',j.. 4. Nakai-Nam Theun - .,,- ," 5. Hin Namnu /~<" 6. Phou Kang He 16'N // 'l,P'N 7. Xe Bang-Nouan .) 8. Dong Hua Sao .,,-' 9. Xe Pian I,,*'" ~ \1; ~\ 0 Sites with pre-1950 records \~\ 4;!--~f~ } - Sites with post-1950 records . 4:J : ~1V r)",-/ I '}i j ~ ... Mountains , , o' ,:~/ Aw,pu , ,4'7 ,; , e / ' ,, -, /--~ Scale: km -, , '-, ,,' I /', --"-'-'---' '" ..::,,- 1 -' ,-- '---" \,,v , "-/' ,/ 0 100 200 CAMBODIA ,, \_/"-" . , '-14'N lO4°E " l-tN, Figure 1. Laos, showing localities mentioned in the text and Provinces

A. The Nam Kading NBCA includes 1,570 km2 of purposes: e.g. to search for 'mai dam', an extremely evergreen forest on steep terrain at 160-1,600 m. The valuable and easily portable resinous wood product from reserve is bisected for 59 km by the Nam Kading (known Aquilaria sp. A party of over 70 people on 28 January as the Nam Theun in its upper reaches), whose altitude boated from downstream of the NBCA up to the first drops from 380 to 160 m. A major tributary, the Nam uncrossable rapids, to walk through the forest to Ban Mouan, also crosses the NBCA. Rapids render the Nam Donme, a former village within the NBCA, and then hunt Kading within much of the NBCA non-navigable. People for several days. Except around Ban Donme, and at the visit these areas only infrequently, usually for specific upstream and downstream extremities of the NBCA, little Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 35

104'30'E KEY

Main road 18'40'N 18'40'N River " '" NBCA Boundary "~ ..,~~ Dam site

Scale: km ~ 0 5 10

104'40E

18'30'N

;--, / " / '--'\" ~

I \\' \ \,; .1, \,---'I : I: Ban Nadi Limestone Area-- _/ I "/------~ ,/ 0

Phou Hai '~._~"".~ 1,243"" BJnNamsanam I ~ , :#) \ fI( Nam Hai - THAILAND :;;;/ Nam Hinboum \ Plain \ > j N am Hinboun 104°00'E ..4~V~; / 104'40E C~~ Figure 2. Nam Kading National Biodiversity Conservation Area habitat destruction has occurred and the Nam Kading is Gnouang to 42 km, upstream of Ban Kengbit. Records also probably the least disturbed large river in Laos. Much of came from scrub along the access road to the Theun- the area is surrounded by cultivation, but largely natural Hinboun dam site. habitat links Nam Kading NBCA with Khammouan D. The Nam Mouan valley and other areas of extensive Limestone and Nakay-Nam Theun NBCAs. non-forest secondary habitats north of the NBCA, at 220- Sites surveyed within the NBCA and contiguous forests 400 m. This includes the Nam Mouan valley from the comprised the Nam Theun 1 dam site, the Ban Donme convergence of the Nam Sang and Nam Chou an area, the Nam An valley, the Houay Basong valley, the Nam downstream to the inflow of the Nam Ngom, the Nam Kading valley, Sayphou Ao, forest north of the Nam Ngom valley upstream to Ban Viengthong, and extensive Xouang, forest along the access road to the Theun- scrub around Ban Hinngon. Observations were made on Hinboun dam site, forest north and south of Ban Kengbit 19-24 March and 26 April- 4 May 1995, but totalled only and from there to Keng Maiha. Although a wide altitude six person-days. was covered, these areas shared similar vegetation and E. Forest in the Nam Mouan valley at 500-750 m around terrain. Boat-based survey was minimal. the limestone of Pha Khok west of the Nam Mouan and B. The Nam Ao forest north-east of the NBCA (18°16'- other karst east of the Nam Mouan and Ban Pakngeun. 19'N 104°32'- 36'E; 380-420 m) differed in vegetation from Observations were made on 20-21 March 1995. the NBCA, and had flatter terrain. Ban Kengbit lies at its F. Degraded habitats along the Nam Kading between the southern end and it is bounded to the west by the slopes Nam Theun 1 dam site and the Mekong. Observations, of the Nam Kading NBCA and to the north by the Nadi mostly from boats, were made on 28-29 January, 1 and 12 Limestone; to the east it grades into extensive secondary April 1995. habitats. G. Forest at the northern edge of the Nam Hai - Nam C. Degraded habitat north-east of the Nam Kading Hinboun plain at 180-300 m (including the base of Phou NBCA, including the area around Keng Maiha at 380-420 Hai) on 14-15 May. These differed in terrain from forest m. The Nam Theun was ascended to 28 km, and the Nam in the Nam Kading NBCA and were at lower altitude. 36 J. W. DUCKWORTH et at. Forktail13 (1998)

15'10'N

Xe Khampho PPA KEY c::=:::J Land over 700m 1- 14'50'N c::=:::J Land under 700m "- Main road ~ River " '" NBCA Boundary ""'" PPA Boundary Scale:km ,, 106'50'E 0 5 -- Figure 3. Bolaven Southwest Proposed Protected Area and Xe Namnoy basin

103'30'E

THAILAND

103'30'£ 18'20'N

Land over 500m Land under 500m Ban Nakhay . Main road River

"'" NBCA Boundary

Scale: km 18'10'N 18'lO'N 102'40'E 0 5 10

Figure 4. Phou Khaokhoay National Biodiversity Conservation Area Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 37

4. Ban Lak (28) at 180-400 m, where the mid-Laos The Nakay Plateau, Central Laos (17°37'-59'N 104°57'- limestones meet the non-calcareous Nam Kading NBCA. 105°35'E): 30 January - 17 March 1995. See Timmins and Sporadic roadside observations during December 1994 - Evans (1996), WCS (1995a). March 1995 were made along the road, which runs beside- The 1,250 km2 Nakay Plateau (see figure in Evans and a stream through little degraded forest on steep limestone Timmins 1997) supports a mosaic of pine and broadleaf slopes. The valley area around the village of Ban Lak (28) evergreen forest at 500-600 m. The area is mainly flat with has been degraded. hillocks (dominated by broadleaf forest) occurring 8. Degraded habitats in the Nam Hai - Nam Hinboun particularly in the east. The N am Theun and its many plain (Central Laos). Observations totalling two person tributaries have extensive riverine evergreen forest (e.g. days, on 10 December 1994 and 13-21 May 1995, came along the Nam Mon, a tributary of the Nam Xot). Pools mainly from the Nam Hai from Ban Namsanam and marshes are numerous only in the central Plateau, most downstream to the Nam Hinboun and the Nam Hinboun of which is heavily settled and degraded. river from Tam Hinboun downstream to Ban Songhong. Human pressure is increasing rapidly in intensity and area 14. Degraded forest around the Nam Theun upstream of of influence, in association with extensive logging Ban Katok to upstream of Keng Luang, and along the operations. About a third of the Plateau is within the lowest 2 km of the Nam Ngoy (400-450 m) visited on 12 Nakay-Nam Theun NBCA; much of the remainder was and 25-26 January 1995. These forests are separated from until recently of equal biological value. The Nam Theun 2 those lower down the Nam Theun by extensive scrub. The hydropower project is scheduled to inundate much of the surveys were partly from boats. This area is on the border Plateau. To the south, the Plateau drops away sharply to of North and Central Laos, with most observations coming the heavily settled Ban Gnommalat lowlands; elsewhere it from Central Laos. meets little-degraded hill forest of the NBCA. The 1995 There was no previous ornithological work in the Nam survey investigated the possible impacts ofthe Nam Theun Kading area. 2 dam, and most observations were made along rivers by boat or on foot. Thus, many forest-interior species found Limestone areas of mid-Laos. Fig. 2. See WCS on the Nakay Plateau in 1994 were not observed in 1995. (1995d). Parts of the Plateau were surveyed in greater depth in 1994 along with other areas of the Nakay-Nam Theun Two main areas were visited (Fig. 1). NBCA; the Plateau was found to support important wildlife 1. Khammouan Limestone NBCA, Central Laos (17°26'- communities different from the rest of the NBCA 18°05'N 104°25'-105°10'E): 13-21 May 1995. (Timmins and Evans 1996). Previous work was reported The Khammouan Limestone NBCA covers 1,620 km2, from the region by Delacour (1929a) and Dickinson mostly of sparsely-vegetated karst at 180-850 m, with (1970a). pockets oftall forest in depressions in the rock. It is part of an extensive belt of limestone outcrops stretching from Phou Khaokhoay NBCA, North Laos (18°14'-34'N Central Annam (Vietnam) to north ofthe Nam Hinboun. Tall lowland forest in the east-centre of the NBCA is 102°44'-103°29'E): 26 October - 12 November 1994; 30 April- 1 May 1995. Fig. 3. See WCS contiguous with the Nakay Plateau. Parts of the area up to (1995e). 600 m were visited from three points along its north-west edge. Phou Khaokhoay NBCA (Fig. 3) covers 1,390 km2 at 200- This area was visited early this century and the several 1,700 m (mostly 200-1,000 m). Originally most of the important ornithological findings included the discovery NBCA supported broad-leaved evergreen forest mixed with of Sooty Babbler (Baker 1920, 1921, Robinson and Kloss large stands of pine. Many areas of several hundred metres 1931, Williamson 1945). across, where the underlying rock is covered by only 2.5-5 2. Nadi Limestone, North Laos, and Sayphou Loyang cm of soil, support vegetation akin to dry dipterocarp forest. Limestone, Central Laos: 4-9 May and 12-13 May Extensive logging by State Forest Enterprise 3 during the respectively. 1980s means that secondary forest and bamboo are These two areas, similar in habitat and altitude (mainly above extensive; primary forest survives mostly on steep slopes. 600 m, exceeding 1,600 m in places and thus rather higher The NBCA is within two hours' drive of Vientiane; hunting than the Khammouan Limestone NBCA), are part of over is heavy and even remote parts show evidence of frequent IncurSIOn. 1,500 km2of karst and other limestone hills. Dry valleys and small stream valleys stretch from north-west of the Nam Two main areas were visited in autumn: the Muang Horn Mouan to a little east of Ban Lak (20). This limestone area road around the turn to the Nam Leuk dam and the dam is separated from the main mass in Central Laos by the Nam site itself (where logging had been heavy); and the central Theun drainage and extensive non-calcareous ridges. The Nam Mang, where habitat was little degraded. Brief valleys within it are largely degraded. The karst supports observations in a variety of degraded areas included the irregular patches of forest and of natural and human-induced headquarters complex and the lower Nam Mang. All scrub, with tall forest in depressions. Sayphou Loyang observations were below 650 m. A brief spring visit was consists of a long karst outcrop running NW -SE from Ban made to Ban Nakhay, an area at 400-500 m of dry Lak (20). This block is separated from other limestone of dipterocarp forest on sandstone adjacent to cultivation with similar origin to the north by the Nam Gnouang. The Nadi pools at 200 m. outcrop, one of the largest, retains some of the best forest The survey was a brief reconnaissance with most time and is contiguous with the Nam Ao forest. devoted to activities other than bird surveying. The site was The Nadi limestone was entered from Ban Nadi and six also visited briefly in 1993 (Thewlis et at. 1996) and early days were spent traversing it. Sayphou Loyang was visited 1994 (Evans and Timmins 1997). from Ban Phoung (along Route 8) for part of two days. 38 J. W. DUCKWORTH et at. Forktail13 (1998)

Xe Namnoy hydropower scheme, area of effect, Xe Pian NBCA, which was surveyed in 1992-1993 South Laos (14°55'-15°15'N 106°32'-50'E): 25 (Thewlis et al. 1996), the lowlands surveyed in 1995 appear March - 23 Apri11995; 5-12 May 1995. Fig. 4. See not to have been visited before. WCS (1995b). Phou Dendin NBCA, North Laos (21 °40'-22° 18'N The proposed Xe Namnoy dam, on the south-east of the 102°00'-40'E): 23 May - 3 June 1995. See Robichaud and Bolaven Plateau, is 4 km upstream of Ban Latsasin at 770 Boonhom (1995). m altitude. A secondary dam across the Xe Pian, diverting This NBCA of 1,310 km2, near the northern tip of Laos, flow to the Xe Namnoy, is likely. Investigations into the is mountainous (60% ofthe area is above 1,000 m and all area of this project (Fig. 4) involved: exceeds 500 m) and lacks roads or large human settlements. 1. the inundation zones on the Plateau, which are Small villages are scattered within the NBCA, the relatively small; inhabitants of which practice hillside slash-and-burn 2. extensive further areas on the Plateau to be affected cultivation. Large portions of the reserve, particularly along the Nam au above the inflow of the Nam Khang, are by infrastructural development and changed human use uninhabited and covered in slopes of unbroken evergreen and settlement; or semi-evergreen forest. 3. the two rivers downstream of the dams, where flow This reconnaissance survey involved insufficient field patterns will change. effort to characterize the area's bird communities, but the The Bolaven Plateau provides submontane and montane information is of high importance as this is the first recent conditions but is surrounded by lowlands. Most of the survey of an area much north of the Nam Kading. Plateau surveyed west of the Xe Namnoy is deforested and Significant records were also made adjacent to the NBCA under a mosaic of cultivation, scrub and relict forest patches. along the lower Nam au and on Phou Fa mountain above Dry coarse grassland covers much of the south-east of the the town of Phongsali. Plateau, with forest patches remaining especially in valleys. Forest in the area is tall and luxuriant and its boundaries do Birds were collected widely in North Laos including at Phongsali and an area known as 'Pou Den Dinh' in April - not always correlate with obvious natural features. This June 1929 (Bangs and Van Tyne 1931). The latter was suggests that the grassland, which resembles David- described as in Tonkin (Vietnam), 'close to the border of Beaulieu's (1944: 7, 28, 32-33) description ofthe Tranninh Laos ... on the divide between the valley of the Mekong and plateau (North Laos) is of artificial origin (as believed by the Riviere Noire'. Phou Dendin (which means 'border area David-Beaulieu). It is not a result of defoliation during the mountain'; Venevongphet verbally 1995) today refers to the Indochinese wars; Engelbach (1932) referred to the 'grandes mountain range forming the watershed between the Mekong plaines herbeuses a l'est de Paksong'. The Nam Hiang area and Red River catchments; much of the region is thus in supports a complex of streams and marshes surrounded by Vietnam, although the NBCA is entirely within Laos. Even relict forest patches and extensive scrub. Pine forests are best in the 1920s, the area was extensively deforested, and developed in the study area towards the edge of the specimen collection appears to have been mainly in such escarpment at 950-1,050 m, and seem not to have been habitat. The area may also have been covered, albeit briefly, logged, although this is apparently likely in the future. by F. R. Wulsin in 1924, although, at least by 1931, his The escarpment and the middle reaches of the Xe collection had not been written up (Bangs and Van Tyne Namnoy support semi-evergreen forest with extensive 1931). Other important works from this region, although mixed deciduous forest. The middle Xe Pian flows through not dealing with the NBCA, are Robinson and Kloss (1931), extensive lowland semi-evergreen forest. The escarpment Delacour and Greenway (1940a) and Dickinson (1970a). forests appear to be nearly contiguous and, although only 2-5 km wide, may be an important wildlife corridor between the Xe Pian and the upper Xe Kong basins. Other sites visited A substantial distance down the Xe Pian river and onto Sites 1, 3, 5 and 7 are degraded areas with no natural the adjacent Xe Kong were surveyed. This area supports habitat nearby. an exceptional number of large Key Species (Thewlis et 1: Vientiane (North), sporadic dates during October 1994 al. 1996). The lower Xe Pian and the Xe Kong are lowland - August 1995. Most observations came from the Mekong, rivers with sandbanks, flowing across plains of dry especially around Don Chuan sandbank, and the residential dipterocarp forest (which were little visited) with a riverine part of the town around Wat Nak. Although Vientiane is forest association of mixed deciduous forest in some the capital of Laos, it seems never to have hosted a resident stretches and semi-evergreen forest in others. ornithologist in the way that some provincial towns did There are some non-flowing wetlands, some permanent, (Engelbach 1932, David-Beaulieu 1944, 1949-1950). An on the plateau, and a high density around the middle and important collection by Bangs and Van Tyne (1931) lower Xe Pian. Most are heavily used by people and are reported as 'Vientiane' came from Ban Thangon, some 20 therefore, although significant, probably of reduced km to the north. Thus, the discovery in Vientiane in 1992- importance to birds. The most important concentration is 1993 of two species new to Laos (Bright-headed Cisticola between the Xe Pian and the Xe Khampho. and Citrine Wagtail; Thewlis et al. 1996), with a third The upper and middle Xe Pian lie in the Bolaven (Ruddy Shelduck) reported below, is less surprising than Southwest Proposed Protected Area. The lower Xe Pian it at first seems. Robinson and Kloss (1931) reported some and the adjacent Xe Kong fall inside the Xe Pian NBCA. collection from this stretch of river. The Xe Namnoy catchment and escarpment are not 2: Vangviang (North), 26 - 27 November 1994. Records proposed for national-level protection. come mainly from agricultural land, scrub and the base of Extensive previous work on the Bolaven Plateau the limestone cliffs; neither the cliffs nor any forest were (Engelbach 1927, 1929, 1932, Delacour 1932, Thewlis et penetrated. Thewlis et al. (1996) gave some records from al. 1996), seems not to have included this area. Other than Vangviang. 39 Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995

3: Pakxan wetlands (North), 20 December 1994. Records The differing balances of techniques and observers (of come from the surroundings of the old airport, at the fringe varying levels of local experience) between sites makes of the Pakxan wetlands, for which some records are given comparison of results in terms of effort, particularly with by Salter (1993). surveys of previous years, difficult. 4: Ban Lak (28): see site account for Nam Kading NBCA An abundance was assigned for each species at each site. and surroundings. Common species were found daily; Frequent species were 5: Ban Thadua (North), sporadic dates between October found on more days than not; Occasional species were 1994 and August 1995. Birds collected from this stretch found on fewer than half of days, and some were unlikely ofriver (mostly labelled 'Nong Kai', which is taken to be to have been regular members of the community. At well- the town of Nong Khai on the south (Thai) bank of the studied sites Abundant is used to indicate that the species Mekong) were reported by Robinson and Kloss (1931). was particularly common. Many species were known to be Present but abundance was not assessed, due to a variety 6: Houay Nhang (North), 1-4 February 1995. Thewlis et at. (1996) described this site and reported on a one-month ofreasons. Categorization was determined by the number of records being viewed in the subjective light of the ease bird survey. of detection and identification of the bird, and the natural 7: Thakhek town (Centre), 21 December 1994 and 24 density range of the species. April 1995. 8: Nam Hai - Nam Hinboun plain: see site account for Nam Kading NBCA and surroundings. RESULTS 9: about 40 km south of Ban Xeno (Centre), 4 May 1995. 10: Nakay-Nam Theun NBCA (Centre), 16-17 March In total over 460 species were found (Appendix 1). This 1995. All records came from 1,000-1,100 m in evergreen high total reflects both the wide geographical spread of forest along a the Ban Navang logging road in the Central surveys and the importance of several areas covered. Grey- Mountains. sided Thrush and Black-headed Bunting were new to 11: forest and areas of scrub between the Xe Kong and Xe Indochina, and Ruddy Shelduck, Dunlin, Long-toed Stint, Kaman, north-east of the town of Attapu (South), from Pallas's Gull, Lesser Cuckoo and Chestnut-vented Ban Paam (27 km NE of Attapu) to Muang Sansai at 115- Nuthatch were new to Laos. In addition 12 species 920 m, and including a stretch of lightly wooded plain previously known from Laos were recorded for the first time between Ban Paam and Ban Touay (14 km NE of Attapu), from the North of the country, nine from the Centre, and 5-10 December 1994. five from the South. There were provisional records of one 12: Nam Souang Reservoir, 6 April 1995. The reservoir species new to each ofthe North and the South. Many Key had very little emergent vegetation or marshy margin. Species were found (Appendix 1), including 15 Globally 13: the Mekong at Chiang Saen, Thailand, 11-12 Threatened, 28 (plus one provisionally identified) Globally December 1995. Only species on the Lao side of the Near-Threatened, nine At Risk in Laos, two potentially so international border are listed. and one little known in Laos. Records of Key Species are 14: degraded forest along the Nam Theun around Keng detailed in Thewlis et at. (in prep.). Among 28 species Luang and the Nam Ngoy: see site account for Nam recorded for the first time in Laos (including provisional Kading NBCA and surroundings. records) in recent years, eight were from Phou Dendin. 15: the Nam Theun and Nam Noy rivers in the Dividing This was to be expected as it is about 380 km further north Hills and Interior Tasaengs of Nakay-Nam Theun NBCA than any other recently surveyed site. (see Timmins and Evans 1996), 22 February - 1 March 1995. N am Kading NBCA The Nam Kading NBCA supported a fine complement of evergreen forest species, reflecting its size and habitat METHODS condition. Some species typical of higher altitudes were recorded, particularly in the eastern NBCA at 360-800 m Most fieldwork was opportunistic to allow as many species (Maroon Oriole, Orange-bellied Leatbird, White-throated as possible to be found. Observers, often in the field from Fantail, Snowy-browed Flycatcher, Small , Black- dawn until dusk, generally worked singly. Sites throated Sunbird), probably as a result of the steep terrain concentrating bird activity, particularly pools and fruiting and proximity to the Annamites, which resulted in cold trees, were watched for prolonged periods. Birds flying winter weather for the altitude. The high southern above the canopy were surveyed from river banks, glades escarpment, at 900-1,050 m, supported further high- or clearings. Observation by night was more restricted than altitude species: Blue-naped Pitta, Rufous-faced Warbler, by day; some such work was performed at all main sites Grey Laughingthrush and Golden Babbler. except at Phou Dendin. Unknown calls by day or night Along the access road to the Theun-Hinboun dam, forest were sometimes tape-recorded for later identification. bird communities seemed similar to those in the NBCA, Boat-based surveys were undertaken, particularly on the reflecting the similarities in vegetation, and records from Nakay Plateau, but also around Nam Kading NBCA, on these areas are presented together in Appendix 1. Pha Khok the Nam Ou near Phou Dendin NBCA and on the Xe Pian also appeared similar to the NBCA. The Nam Ao forest and Xe Kong. Boats were usually paddled as engine noise supported a different mix of species, being important locally made observation of shy species difficult. On a typical day for Red-collared , Rufous-throated Fulvetta 10 km of river were explored. and Pin-tailed Parrotfinch (all Key Species) and others Information concerning certain large and distinctive typical oflowlands (including Banded Kingfisher, Oriental quarry species (e.g. pheasants, vultures) was sought during Bay Owl, Banded Broadbill, Rufous-tailed Robin, Dark- ad hocinterviews with hunters and other villagers. necked Tailorbird and Scaly-crowned Babbler). The lower 40 J. W. DUCKWORTH et al. Forktail13 (1998)

Nam An valley (at 250 m) seemed to lack many mid- The limestones of Khammouan Limestone NBCA and altitude species (e.g. Maroon Oriole) found elsewhere, but of Nadi - Sayphou Loyang probably supported different some lowland species (e.g. Scaly-crowned and Puff- bird communities, perhaps due to differences in altitude, throated Babblers and Ruby-cheeked Sunbird) which were and for a few species, their geographical separation. Bird scarce or absent elsewhere in the NBCA were common species richness was higher in the pockets of tall forest in there. Overall altitudinal variation in bird communities was depressions in the rock, than in open rock or scrub areas. less than in other recently surveyed areas of Laos. Several other bird populations of national importance (from The edge of the Nam Hai - Nam Hinboun plain supports, totals of one and four Key Species in the two areas at 180-300 m, the lowest altitude forest surveyed in the respectively) were found. Green Cochoa, only otherwise region and was the only place where Siamese Fireback was found commonly in Laos on the Bolaven Plateau, was confirmed. Upstream and downstream of the NBCA, the locally common. A form of leaf warbler Phylloscopus in the Nam Kading, Nam Theun and major tributaries were heavily Nadi limestone has not yet been identified. used by people and the adjoining habitat was degraded. Some species's abundances (e.g. fulvettas Alcippe and The N akay Plateau Fork-tailed Sunbird Aethopyga christinae; also Tamiops The Nakay Plateau supported a wide range of birds squirrels) changed sharply between the Nakay-Nam Theun including many Key Species. There are several reasons for NBCA and Nam Kading NBCA. The disjunction was not this: until recently the Plateau supported a diverse mosaic caused by the river; it formed a north-south front of structurally well-developed forest which was sparsely perpendicular to the river between Ban Kengbit and the populated by people; it is a flat area intermediate between Nam Ngom and was unrelated to obvious changes in lowland and montane habitats; and the riverine habitat is habitat and altitude. of lowland character with wide, sluggish rivers flowing Nam Kading NBCA is important for many Key Species. through a sedimentary basin with numerous slow The largest numbers of Wreathed Hornbills recently seen backwaters. The broad-leaved forests were moderately in Laos were in the central part of the NBCA. Rocky species rich and contained a mix of predominantly lowland stretches of river supported breeding-season Wire-tailed species and hill birds, but the area is high enough to be of Swallow numbers equalled in recent surveys only in the only marginal importance for strict lowland birds such as Xe Kong catchment and Phou Xiang Thong NBCA. The Red-collared Woodpecker, Banded Kingfisher and Banded population of Rufous-throated Fulvettas in the Nam Ao Broadbil1. None of the few pine specialists of South-East forest was among the densest recently found in Laos, with Asia was found. There was a rich community of riverine up to 20 groups found per day by each observer. Hundreds birds, but other wetlands were heavily used by people and of Pin-tailed Parrotfinches were present in the same area; no scarce waterbirds were seen. Good numbers of common large numbers have been found recently at only one other migrant ducks and waders used the larger complexes, site (Duckworth 1996). The NBCA provided the first notably Nong Boua (north-west of Nikhom N3), where a recent Lao records of Long-billed Plover, Blue-naped Pitta few hundred each of ducks and waders were observed. The and Pale-capped Pigeon and the first recent sighting outside Plateau seems to have higher numbers of passage raptors Champasak and Attapu provinces of Darter. The lack of than other sites so far surveyed in Laos. other large waterbirds in the NBCA, including fish eagles, In total, 26 Key Species are known from the Nakay may reflect a combination of hunting outside the NBCA Plateau, with provisional records of a further five: five of and the fast flowing, rocky nature of the river. The Lesser these 31 species (Siamese Fireback, Tawny Fish Owl, Black Fish Eagles on the Nam Theun well upstream of the Kite, Greater Spotted Eagle Aquila clanga and Yellow- NBCA, around Keng Luang, are best regarded as outliers vented Warbler were found or suspected to be present in of the Nakay Plateau population. Nam Kading NBCA and 1994 but were not recorded in 1995, and one, Green surroundings are also nationally important for Blyth's Peafowl, has probably become extinct in the last five years. Kingfisher, Yellow-vented Green Pigeon, River Lapwing, The small numbers of White-winged Ducks on the Nakay Small Pratincole, Fujian Niltava and Grey Laughingthrush. Plateau form one of only two populations known in Laos Of the two hydropower projects proposed for the NBCA, (Evans et al. 1997). The Nakay Plateau is the only Lao the Theun-Hinboun project will affect the area mainly site with recent records of Wood Snipe, Grey-sided Thrush through decreased flow in the Nam Kading through the and, provisionally, Greater Spotted Eagle. The only other NBCA, while the Nam Theun 1 will flood large areas of Yellow-vented and White-bellied Green Pigeons, Pied the NBCA. Thus, the latter could not proceed without Falconets, White-winged Magpies and Fujian Niltavas major detriment to the birdlife of the NBCA, while the found recently in Laos were elsewhere in the Nam Theun effects of the former could be minimized by ensuring an catchment. Plateau populations of Brown Hornbill, Blyth's adequate flow downstream into the Nam Kading during Kingfisher, Coral-billed Ground Cuckoo, River and Grey- the dry season. The joint effects of the two projects, ifboth headed Lapwings are the healthiest known in Laos. are built as planned, in combination with others proposed Populations of Green Imperial Pigeon, Lesser Fish Eagle for the catchment, is uncertain. and Rufous-throated Fulvetta are also of high national importance. Mountain Hawk Eagle and Grey Treepie, both Limestone areas of mid-Laos common on the Plateau and its surroundings, have not been found elsewhere in Laos recently in significant Two bird species in Laos seem restricted to limestone areas: numbers. Black-breasted Thrush has been recorded Sooty Babbler and Limestone Wren Babbler. Dusky Crag Martin shows a weaker association. The wren babbler was recently at only one other site (Dymond in Robson 1996). not found in the limestones of mid-Laos (although it was The Nam Theun 2 dam proposes to flood a large area of found at Vangviang), while Sooty Babbler was found in Plateau forest, particularly riverine habitat. If the project Khammouan Limestone NBCA. The martin was found proceeds, severe detrimental impacts on the birdlife are unavoidable. widely. Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 41

Phou Khaokhoay NBCA Slender-billed Oriole and Chestnut-vented Nuthatch. The Phou Khaokhoay NBCA has a high proportion of degraded scarp, surveyed in only a few places, supported a mix of forest, is close to Vientiane and supports high levels of lowland and Plateau birds. hunting; these factors seem to have impoverished the bird Blue-throated Flycatcher of the race C. r. kiossi (known community. Almost all observation was below 550 m and only from parts of Annam and Laos; Delacour and Jabouille the only species seen not typical of lowlands were Striated 1940) has been found recently in Laos only on the Bolaven Yuhina and Black-throated Sunbird; others doubtless occur. Plateau and its slopes; one of a migrant race was seen in Secretive yet vocal species (such as Grey Peacock Pheasant, Phou Xang He NBCA in 1993 (Thewlis et ai. 1996). Most barbets, , night jars and broadbills) were difficult to or all recent Lao records of Black-browed Barbet, White- survey because they call much less frequently at the time of cheeked Laughingthrush and Spot-throated Babbler come this survey, the early dry season, than in the later in the dry from the Bolaven. House Martin has been found season when the other areas discussed here were surveyed. only in two other areas. Nine Key Species were found (with provisional records Wire-tailed Swallow was found in good numbers on the of a furthertwo). Green Peafowl is exceptionally threatened Plateau. Black-throated Tit was common, even in the in Laos (Evans and Timmins 1996) and its persistence is extensive cultivation and successional habitat around Ban surprising considering the absence of other large birds Nam Tang. It has been found recently at only two sites susceptible to hunting. The two sightings of fish eagles also away from the Bolaven. Pale-capped Pigeon is known from seem anomalous; these birds, recorded in November, were only one other site (Nam Kading NBCA). Small but perhaps dispersing individuals. The frequency of sightings significant populations of Siamese Fireback and Blyth's of Malayan Night Heron in the Nam Leuk area (three in Kingfisher were confirmed. The Xe Namnoy lowlands held four days) is noteworthy and Phou Khaokhoay NBCA is a moderately important assemblage including Siamese one of few sites outside the Xe Kong basin with recent Lao Fireback, White-bellied Woodpecker, Yellow-footed Green records. Some birds, which were expected on grounds of Pigeon, Lesser Fish Eagle, Rufous-winged Buzzard, Wire- habitat, were recorded infrequently or not at all, including tailed Swallow and Golden-crested Myna. However, the pheasants, many woodpecker species, Brown, Wreathed area is quite small and its lower reaches are heavily and Great Hornbills, many pigeons, large raptors, large disturbed. River Lapwing and Small Pratincole were found waterbirds and pittas. Although six species of large raptor on the adjacent stretch of the Xe Kong. were seen, most were migratory species. Crested Serpent Eagles are likely to be resident in the area, although they (b) Bolaven Southwest PP A and Xe Pian NBCA too have migratory populations. The larger and more varied lowlands ofBolaven Southwest PP A and Xe Pian NBCA supported more Key Species and Xe Namnoy hydropower scheme area of influence in larger populations than did the Xe Namnoy lowlands. (a) Areas not designated for protection All those in the lower Xe Namnoy were confirmed with, The surveyed area of the Bolaven Plateau, although largely in addition, Alexandrine Parakeet, White-rumped Vulture, degraded, supported isolates of natural forest and some Red-headed Vulture and (in 1993, Long-billed Vulture important birds. It is lower than some surveyed parts of Gyps indicus), Malayan Night Heron, Bar-bellied Pitta and the nearby Dong Hua Sao NBCA (750-950 m compared Indochinese Green Magpie, with Pied Kingfisher and River with 1,000-1,200 m) and many montane birds were seen Tern on the Xe Kong within Xe Pian NBCA. The density only sporadically or much less frequently than at Dong Hua of Green Imperial Pigeons on the lower Xe Pian was the Sao (Grey-chinned Minivet, Green Cochoa, Yellow- highest recently found in Laos. Most importantly, further cheeked Tit, Mountain Bulbul, Chestnut-crowned information was gathered on the richest assemblage oflarge Warbler, Golden Babbler, Silver-eared Mesia, White- waterbirds known in Laos. Masked Finfoot, Grey-headed browed and Black-eared Shrike Babblers and Blue-winged Fish Eagle, Black and Giant Ibises, Woolly-necked Stork, Minla; see Thewlis et ai. 1996), suggesting that they were Lesser Adjutant and, in 1993, Sarus Cranes have only been close to their lower altitudinal limit. For some, the lack of recorded recently in Laos with certainty from Xe Pian extensive forest may also have been important. Other NBCA, adjacent parts of the same catchment and the Dong montane species common in similar habitat in Dong Hua Kanthung PP A; Darter is known from only one site outside Sao NBCA went unrecorded (Stripe-breasted Woodpecker this area. Only one other population of White-winged Duck Dendrocopos atratus, Large Niltava Niitava grandis, Small is currently known in Laos (on the Nakay Plateau). The Niltava, Flavescent Bulbul Pycnonotusflavescens, White-tailed presence of Giant Ibis is particularly notable (Thewlis and Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus davisoni, Red-tailed Timmins 1996). Laughingthrush Garruiax miinei, Red-billed Scimitar Babbler The most important deleterious effect on birds of the Xe Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps and Rufous-winged Fulvetta Namnoy hydropower scheme is the flow reduction in the Alcippe castaneceps). Conversely, some predominantly Xe Pian. This could be countered by a deliberate release lowland species occurred, most notably good populations of water from the dam. of Grey-faced Tit Babbler and the highest recorded Siamese Firebacks in Laos. Phou Dendin NBC A The open grassy areas of the Plateau supported few A good selection of Key Species was found in the forests species that were mostly common, widespread birds. An ofPhou Dendin NBCA considering the brevity of the visit unidentified shrub in heavy fruit during April grew (under two weeks, much of which was not spent in the field) extensively in and around Nam Hiang and supported many and rainy weather. Populations of Crested Kingfishers and frugivorous birds, particularly passage flycatchers (Asian Lesser Fish Eagles on the Nam Ou and tributaries were Brown, Mugimaki, Red-throated and Blue-and-white being the densest recently found in Laos and Brown Dippers were the most numerous). The pine forests were probably the also in good numbers. Sandbars and associated birds (e.g. richest surveyed recently in Laos, with the only records of River Lapwing) were poorly represented. 42 J. W. DUCKWORTH et at. Forktail13 (1998)

Lesser Cuckoo was recorded for the first time in Laos Laos. Historically, it was recorded from various sites in and White Wagtails were found breeding for the first time. North Laos (Oustalet 1899-1903, Delacour imd Jabouille 1927, Delacour and Greenway 1940a), where it was considered to be the commonest barbet by Bangs and Van SELECTED SPECIES ACCOUNTS Tyne (1931). David-Beaulieu (1944) found that although it was abundant in Tranninh around 1,100 m, it was never The status of all species is recorded in Appendix 1. Details found in lower areas and was rare in the mountains. are given below for species new to Laos or where the 1994- BLYTH'S KINGFISHERAIcedo hercules A single along a small 1995 records represent a range extension (into North, forested stream near Ban Nam Tang (Bolaven Plateau) on Central or Southern Laos), a clarification of altitudinal or 20 April and two unconfirmed sightings elsewhere on the seasonal status, or the first record(s) since 1950. All Plateau. Historically the species was only recorded in Laos apparent range extensions when compared with records in from the North (King et al. 1975), but in 1994 the species King et al. (1975), Thewlis et al. (1996) and Evans and was found in Central Laos (Evans and Timmins 1997), Timmins (1997) are discussed, even if earlier records had as it was in 1995. The known distribution in Vietnam has been overlooked. Although other bird observations have also been greatly extended (Robson et al. 1993b). been made in Laos during 1992-1995, we have not seen BLUE-EAREDKINGFISHERA Icedo meninting One on several any published results other than Salter (1993 and unpublished trip reports referenced therein), Asian days on the Nam La (Phou Dendin NBCA) at 630 m. The Wetland Bureau mid-winter waterfowl count results and species was recorded historically in Laos only from the north-west (King et al. 1975), but Thewlis et al. (1996) the two citations above, and the significance of records is found the bird commonly in South and Central Laos. It assessed in this light. Details are also presented for some also appears to be commoner in Vietnam than would be species which would be predicted from their status in Thailand (see Boonsong and Round 1991) to be common expected from historical records (Robson et al. 1989). and widespread in Laos, but which recent surveys have *ORIENTALDWARF KINGFISHERGeyx erithacus Singles in revealed are local, scarce, or even unrecorded. the Nam Ao forest (Nam Kading NBCA) on 28 April, in For many species, records from only some of the sites the Nadi Limestone on 5 May and near Ban Nongset where it was found are of special interest; thus, the absence (Bolaven Southwest PPA) on 17 April. Other recent of a site from the species account does not imply that the records are of singles at Houay Nhang on 12 November species was not recorded there. Species where all records 1992 and in Xe Pian NBCA on 9 December 1992 and on are discussed are asterisked (*). 8 May 1993, while birds were locally common in Phou Xang He NBCA in April 1993 and Dong Hua Sao NBCA in May-July 1993 (Thewlis et al. 1996). Historical Lao *BLUE-BREASTEDQUAIL Goturnix chinensis A female in a records all came from north-east Laos. David-Beaulieu marshy open area at Phou Khaokhoay NBCA on 29 (1944) recorded a single in April, a pair in May and three October is the first recent record from Laos, although undated singles in Tranninh; he categorized it as resident unidentified quails were seen at Xe Pian NBCA in 1993 in the province. Elsewhere, singles were recorded at Ban (Thewlis et al. 1996). Historically the species occurred Muangyo in May and near Ban Boun- Tai in June (Bangs throughout Laos (Delacour and Jabouille 1940) and was and Van Tyne 1931). common in Tranninh and perhaps Savannakhet (David- Beaulieu 1944, 1949-1950). Considering all past and present records, birds are clearly scarce in winter (November - March), with a marked *RUDDY SHELDUCKTadorna ferruginea One in moult on a increase in records in April. The species's status during Mekong sandbar in Vientiane on 11 February and three the rains Gune - October) is as yet unclear. In Thailand it on the Mekong opposite Chiang Saen on 11-12 December is a resident and winter visitor (Boonsong and Round 1995. Mlikovsky and Inskipp (in prep.) traced no records 1991) . from Laos and it is rare in Thailand (Boonsong and Round 1991); Delacour (1929b) categorized it as a rare winter *HODGSON'S HAWK CUCKOO Hierococcyx fugax A single migrant to northern Indochina. adult H. f nisicolor in evergreen forest near Keng Maiha in early January and an immature in the Nam Ao forest *BARREDBUTTONQUAILTurnix suscitatorTwo singles (and (both Nam Kading NBCA) on 28 April. The only previous many buttonquails probably of this species) at Nam Hiang record for Laos is from the Xe Pian NBCA (South Laos) (Bolaven Plateau) in April. This is the first recent field in March 1993 (Thewlis et al. 1996). observation in Laos (one was seen in a market in 1994; ORIENTALCUCKOOGuculus saturatus Calls were heard on Evans and Timmins 1997), but unidentified buttonquails were seen at most sites surveyed recently (Thewlis et at. 21 April at Nam Kading NBCA and, provisionally, on 8 1996, Evans and Timmins 1997). The species occurred May at the Nadi Limestone (both about 800 m). King et throughout Laos (Delacour and Jabouille 1940) and was al. (1975) were unsure of the species's status in Indochina common in Tranninh and Savannakhet (David-Beaulieu and the only previous records from Laos are from the 1944,1949-1950). It was recorded from Phongsali (Bangs Central region in 1994 (Evans and Timmins 1997). and Van Tyne 1931) and Salavan (Delacour and Jabouille *LESSER CUCKOO Guculus poIiocephaIus One was tape- 1931). Engelbach (1932) suspected that this species was recorded on 3 June in secondary forest at 1,635 m on Phou common on grassy plains on the Bolaven Plateau, but could Fa mountain (Phou Dendin NBCA). Mlikovsky and not confirm this. Inskipp (in prep.) traced no previous records from Laos. *BLUE-THROATED BARBET Megalaima asiatica Barbets CORAL-BILLED GROUND CUCKOO Garpococcyx renauldi whose call matched this species in Thailand (P. D. Round Heard along the Nam Mang on 7 November (Phou verbally 1995) were heard widely in and around Phou Khaokhoay NBCA) and 1-3 recorded (mostly heard) in Dendin NBCA. These are the first recent records from scattered localities throughout Nam Kading NBCA, Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 43 including the Nam Ao forest. These are not the first records [*SPOT-BELLIED EAGLE OWL Bubo nipalt,nsis Calls heard from North Laos, as, although King et al. (1975) excluded beside the Nam Mang (Phou Khaokhoay NBCA) in early this area from the species's range, it was found in Tranninh November and at Ban Nam Tang (Bolaven Plateau) on 9 by Delacour and Jabouille (1927). April fitted this species's call in Boonsong and Round FORK-TAILED SWIFT Apus pacificus Common in the (1991), but neither observer had heard the species surveyed parts of North and Central Laos between previously. The only confirmed records in Laos come from February and May, but birds were not seen along the Nam the North (see Thewlis et al. in prep.).] Kading in December and the irregular records in January *WOOD SNIPE Gallinago nemoricola Singles beside main involved only small numbers. However, at Ban Kengbit rivers of the Nakay Plateau on 8 (three) and 23 February (Nam Kading NBCA) in March and April these swifts were are the only recent records from Laos and the first from common and many pairs were chasing and displaying. Central Laos. Previous Lao records come only from the Small groups circled and visited ledges in the ceiling of a North: in Tranninh it was a scarce migrant between cave in Khammouan Limestone NBCA and beneath a large October and April (David-Beaulieu 1944). limestone overhang along the Nam Hinboun in April - *COMMONREDSHANKTringa totanus Two in a flock of 450 May. Movements of many hundred birds on the Nakay waders near Ban Don (Nakay Plateau) on 26 February were Plateau in late February and early March were not in a consistent direction. In the South, parties of five and 30 the first recorded from Central Laos. King et al. (1975) recorded this species in Laos from the North and South, respectively were observed on 13 April and 10 May along the Xe Pian; none was recorded in this region during but we have traced a historical reference only for the South, November 1992 to March 1993 (Thewlis et al. 1996). with no further details (Delacour and Jabouille 1940); the records in Perennou and Mundkur (1991) do, however, In North Laos A. p. cooki is resident, although subject to come from around Vientiane. The species is much scarcer irregular movements (David-Beaulieu 1944). Its white in South and Central Laos than are Spotted Redshank, rump patch is strongly streaked black (Robinson and Kloss Common Greenshank and Wood, Green and Common 1931) and narrower than on other races (Boonsong and Sandpipers (see Thewlis et al. 1996, Evans and Timmins Round 1991); it can be surprisingly inconspicuous in the 1997); Delacour (1929b) also considered it to be much field. Care is needed when searching for Dark-rumped rarer than these species in Indochina. Swift A. acuticauda, a possible vagrant to Laos. David- Beaulieu (1949-1950) did not determine the subspecies of BRONZE-WINGED]ACANAMetopidius indicus At least five on birds from Central Laos. Delacour (1929b) considered that 30 April- 1 May at Ban Nakhay (Phou Khaokhoay NBCA) all the swifts made erratic movements rather than being are the first published details from North Laos, the species true migrants. being known previously from the South and Centre (King et al. 1975, Thewlis et al. 1996), although some or all *p ALE-CAPPEDPIGEON Columba punicea Two together in records of the species in Perennou and Mundkur (1991, evergreen forest in eastern Nam Kading NBCA on 7 1992) and Perennou et al. (1990) come from the North. January and a group of 4-5 at Nam Hiang (Bolaven Plateau) on 13-17 April are the first recent Lao records. *LONG-TOED STINT Calidris subminuta One on a Mekong Those in Nam Kading NBCA are the first from the North; sandbank opposite Chiang Saen on 11-12 December 1995. previous records came only from the South (see Thewlis Mlikovsky and Inskipp (in prep.) traced no previous records et al. in prep.). from Laos. YELLOW-VENTEDGREENPIGEON Treron seimundi Seven in *DUNLIN Calidris alpina One on a Mekong sandbank a fruiting fig near Keng Maiha on 28 December. One shot opposite Chiang Saen on 11-12 December 1995. Mlikovsky on 4 January at a fruiting tree 3 km south of Ban Kengbit and Inskipp (in prep.) traced no previous records from Laos. (Nam Kading NBCA). These are the first records from *LONG-BILLEDPLOVER Charadrius placidus Two birds on North Laos. The only previous Lao records are also from 25 December - 3 January on a large island of coarse sand the Nam Theun catchment in 1994 (Evans and Timmins and gravel 2.5 km downstream of Ban Kengbit are the first 1997) and 1995. recently recorded in Laos; past records are discussed in *WEDGE-TAILEDGREENPIGEON Treron sphenura Two at Thewlis et al. (in prep.). the Ban Navang logging road (Nakay-Nam Theun NBCA) *ORIENTALPRATINCOLEGlareola maldivarum One on a rock on 17 March. There appear to be only two historical in the middle Xe Namnoy on 12 April is the first record records from Laos: a male on the Bolaven (Engelbach from the South and only the second recent record for Laos. 1932) and at Taloun (North Laos) where the species was Previous records came from the North: three were seen 5 considered frequent (Delacour and Greenway 1940a). The km north of Houay Nhang on 13 April 1993 (Thewlis et 1995 record is thus the first for Central Laos. Although al. 1996) and it was common on passage through Tranninh Delacour and Jabouille (1931) predicted that the species (especially the Plain ofJars and Ban Lat-sen in April and would be found to occur widely in Laos, there is as yet no May, the flocks (of up to 40) staying for a day or two evidence for this. (David-Beaulieu 1944). *TAWNYFISHOWLKetupajlavipes Feathers found at Keng The lack of records from Laos compared with Thailand, Luang (upstream ofNam Kading NBCA) in January were where the bird is very common in open country between compared with specimens at BM(NH). This site is on the February and October almost throughout (Boonsong and border of Central and North Laos; previous confirmed Lao Round 1991) surely reflects a real difference in status. records come only from the North, with provisional records Oriental Pratincole seems to be a migrant to or through from the South (Appendix 1; see Thewlis et al. in prep.) Laos, although it was considered resident, at least in the and Centre (Evans and Timmins 1997). This is the only North, by King et al. (1975). Delacour (1929b) was unsure confirmed recent record of the species from Laos; field of the seasonal movements, but thought that it was sightings have not been identified to species. probably a summer breeding visitor to Indochina. 44 J. W. DUCKWORTH et at. Forktail 13 (1998)

*PALLAS'S GULLLarus ichthyaetus An immature at Chiang May) and along Route 13 south ofXeno (4 May) are the Saen, Thailand on 11-12 December 1994 flew regularly first recent field observations in Laos and include the first over to the Lao side of the Mekong on both dates. from the South and the first confirmed from the Centre. Mlikovsky and Inskipp (in prep.) traced only one previous Previous records came only from the North (singles at record from Indochina (Vietnam; Eames 1997) and it is a Xiangquang in April and September 1941; David-Beaulieu very rare visitor to Thailand (Boonsong and Round 1991). 1944) and perhaps the Centre (one in Ban Lak (20) market; BLACK BAZA Aviceda leuphotes On the Nakay Plateau Evans and Timmins 1997). The recent records suggest sightings were much more frequent in March (one or more that, as believed by David-Beaulieu (1944), the species has been overlooked because of identification difficulties. small flocks daily) than in early February (a single in eight days). The seasonality of this species in Laos is not clear [*EURASIANSPARROWHAWKAccipiter nisus Singles near Ban (it is complex in Thailand; Boonsong and Round 1991), Kengbit (Nam Kading NBCA) on 30 December and beside but this rise in numbers probably indicates a spring passage. the Nam Xot 1 km downstream of Ban Namxot (Nakay Delacour (1951) recorded two races for Indochina, A. 1. Plateau) on 2 and 4 February are the first recent Lao leuphotes, which breeds in the north, and A. 1.syama, which records, albeit provisionally identified. Historical records is a winter visitor by implication to the entire area (although came from scattered localities throughout the country in Laos is not specifically listed). The March peak presumably winter (Delacour and Jabouille 1927, Delacour and involved the latter and migration was directly observed Greenway 1940a, David-Beaulieu 1944, 1949-1950). The nearby in the previous year: on 15 April 1994, a flock of lack of other recent records is surprising, although many 40 flew north over the Ban Navang logging road (Nakay- accipiters have remained unidentified at most sites] Nam Theun NBCA, 1,000 m; TDE own obs.). COMMONKESTRELFalco tinnunculus A female on limestone Birds probably breed in Laos: on 7 March one of a flock cliffs at Vangviang on 27 November called repeatedly and of six over the Nakay Plateau engaged in a 'switchback' flew with winnowing wings. A calling male was seen in display similar to that of Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis similar habitat 4 km downstream on 26 November. These (see Cramp and Simmons 1979). In June - July, birds were observations raise the possibility that the species breeds at common in the lowlands of Dong Hua Sao NBCA in 1993 Vangviang since, in Europe, such behaviour occurs mainly and Xe Bang-Nouan NBCA in 1994 respectively (Thewlis on the breeding territory and in the breeding season (Village et al. 1996, Evans and Timmins 1997) and are presumably 1990). Late in the year, resident raptors in Laos display resident. A. 1. syama may thus live in South and Central frequently, e.g. accipiters were in aerial display at Laos as well as the North. The species occurred throughout Vangviang (26 November), Phou Khaokhoay NBCA (11 the year in Tranninh (David-Beaulieu 1944), but other past November) and Nam Kading NBCA (26 December). observers in Laos did not comment on seasonality. Common Kestrel was believed by King et al. (1975) to be Stepanjan (1990) observed a food-carrying, and thus a migrant to South-East Asia. It is a migrant to Thailand presumably nesting, pair in southern Central Annam in (Boonsong and Round 1991) and historical sources April - May 1986; he collected a female in reproductive (summarized in Thewlis et a!. 1996) never documented condition in the same area in January 1984 after observing breeding in Laos; however, Delacour and Jabouille (1931) two birds that appeared to be paired. Stepanjan (1990) also categorized F. t. saturatus (which they recorded from considered that some former Indochinese records (in Xiangquang) as a resident moving to lower altitudes in Robinson and Kloss 1919 and Bangs and Van Tyne 1931) winter. in March - April were referable to breeding birds on the grounds of date alone, but our observations indicate that ORIENTALHOBBY Falco severus One on 9 February over passage occurs in these months, and several flocks believed the Nam Xot (Nakay Plateau) is the first from Central Laos; other records, all of occasional small numbers, come to be migrants were noted in Tonkin in April 1988 (Robson et al. 1989). from Tranninh (David-Beaulieu 1944), Xe Pian NBCA and Dong Hua Sao NBCA (Thewlis et al. 1996) and several *SHORT-TOED SNAKE EAGLE Circaetus gallicus One flew sites in the Nam Theun catchment (Appendix 1). south-east over Nam Mang (Phou Khaokhoay NBCA) on 11 November at 10hOO.The only previous Lao record is EGRETS Ardeidae Several mixed flocks (many dozens from the South (Thewlis et al. 1996). The bird in 1994 strong) in March and April along the Nam Kading, Xe Pian had a strikingly pale underside including its head and neck. and Xe Kong included mainly Cattle and Little Egrets and, Birds are usually depicted with dark in this region particularly, Chinese Pond Herons, with occasional Great (including in Boonsong and Round 1991), but skins at and Intermediate Egrets admixed. Many were in full BM(NH) include many from Asia with uniformly pale breeding plumage. In such habitats, including at Nam underparts including only sparse, small, pale fulvous Kading, only occasional pond herons had been seen during streaks. the winter. Past resident observers made some comments on the *HEN HARRIER Circus cyaneus A second-winter male near seasonality of these species: in the South, Cattle Egrets Ban Bo-Tai (Nakay Plateau) on 11 February, with several made local'movements at the end of the wet season and Eurasian Marsh Harriers, is the first record from Central there was an important passage of pond herons in April Laos. The only previous Lao records are from the North: and May (Engelbach 1932); large flocks of Little Egrets one at Lat Houang, Tranninh, in December 1937 (David- disappeared from the Savannakhet region during May Beaulieu 1944) and a male at Pakxan wetlands on 23 (David-Beaulieu 1949-1950); egrets occurred most often February 1989 (Salter 1993). in Tranninh during August - October, with Littles to the *CHINESE SPARROWHAWKAccipiter soloensis Singles near end of December, and flocks of Cattle occurring also in Ban Kengbit (Nam Kading NBCA, 1 January), Nong spring (but less commonly than in autumn), while pond Paapak (2 km east of Ban Khonken, Nakay Plateau, 10 herons were common on both passages and a few were and 28 February), by the Xe Kong (Xe Pian NBCA, 6 found in the rest ofthe year (David-Beaulieu 1944). Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 45

*BLACKBITfERN DupelOrflavicollis Several singles along the the Nakay Plateau in 1994 (Evans and Timmins 1997). Xe Pian (Bolaven Southwest PPA) during 11-21 April. The Historical records come from Ban Nape (Delacour 1929a), only other recent records are of three singles in May 1993 Ban Laophouchai and Phongsali, which were both open in the Xe Pian NBCA and Dong Hua Sao NBCA lowlands mountainous areas (Bangs and Van Tyne 1931), (Thewlis et al. 1996). The only past records with detail from Savannakhet province, where rare (David-Beaulieu 1949- Laos are of two each in September and October in 1950) and Tranninh, where merely an erratic visitor Tranninh (David-Beaulieu 1944), although Delacour and (David-Beaulieu 1944). Engelbach (1927,1932) found the Jabouille (1940) recorded the species throughout Laos. The species in the South only in hills around Muang Taoy and, lack of recent records in other months, despite heavy field commonly, on the Bolaven. Thus, historical and recent effort during October to March suggests that, as believed records come overwhelmingly from deforested mid-altitude by David-Beaulieu (1944), the species is mainly a migrant slopes and plateaux. The lack of other records is surprising in Laos. as the species is a common resident, chiefly in the lowlands, *BLACK STORK Ciconia nigra Seven soaring over the throughout non-peninsular Thailand (Boonsong and confluence of the Nam Mon with the Nam Xot (Nakay Round 1991). Plateau) on 10 February. The eastern population of Black *SLENDER-BILLEDORIOLE Oriolus tenuirostris A pair at a Stork numbers only 2,000 and is declining (Perennou et part-built nest in pine forest on the Bolaven Plateau on 21 al. 1994). Previous records from Laos are of infrequent and 23 April. The birds were distinguished from Black- birds (once a flock of about 10) on and around the Plain naped Orioles O. chinensis by their thinner stripe on the of Jars and near Xiangquang (Delacour and Jabouille 1940, nape, thinner and pinker bills, the absence of any birds with David-Beaulieu 1944), three records (one of 17 together) a golden mantle, and different vocalizations. The observer around Ban Houayxai in December 1938 - January 1939 saw Slender-billed Orioles at Doi Inthanon (Thailand) (Delacour and Greenway 1940a) and one immature over shortly afterwards. This is the first recent Lao record, but the Nakay Plateau on 28 February 1994 (Evans and others may have been overlooked among Black-naped Timmins 1997). Orioles, which were common at several sites surveyed recently. King et al. (1975) stated that previous records in *BLUE-NAPEDPITTA Pitta nipalensis Three groups of 1-2 Laos come only from the North, but one was found on the on the southern escarpment and upper Nam An valley Bolaven Plateau (at Ban Thateng; South Laos) late one (both Nam Kading NBCA) at 850 m are the first recent November (Engelbach 1932). In Tranninh it was much field observations in Laos, although market specimens were commoner than Black-naped and both species occurred found in Ban Lak (20) in 1994 (Evans and Timmins 1997) and on 16 March 1995. Historical Lao records are during April - October; some birds reportedly showed features of both species (David-Beaulieu 1944), but from discussed in Thewlis et al. (in prep.). the characters given it is not clear why such birds were not *HOODEDPITTA Pitta sordida Common at several sites in immature male Black-naped Orioles. Delacour and Phou Dendin NBCA, including close to villages. These are Jabouille (1927) recorded two from Xiangquang in the first recent records from Laos; the species was previously December 1925 (outside David-Beaulieu's period). Birds known in Laos only by two taken at Ban Boun- Tai (North were common at Taloun (Delacour and Greenway 1940a). Laos) in May 1929 (Bangs and Van Tyne 1931). Delacour and Greenway (1941) suspected that the species lived on all massifs in Indochina. DUSKYBROADBILLCorydon sumatran us Three groups were heard along the Nam An (250 m) during 16-20 April and The habitat occupied by these birds, open pine forest, is birds were found in forest near Ban Kengbit south of the similar to that used in Vietnam (M. R. Leven verbally Nam Kading on 18 January and on the south slope of 1995). Sayphou Ao (below 500 m) on 30 April (all Nam Kading *PIED FANTAIL Rhipidura javanica This species was NBCA). Although listed for Laos only from the South by observed frequently on the Thai bank of the Mekong at King et al. (1975), these are not the first records for North Nong Khai, as mapped by Boonsong and Round (1991), Laos as a single was recorded from Ban Thangon by Bangs but has never been recorded in Laos (Mlikovsky and and Van Tyne (1931). Thewlis et al. (1996) extended the Inskipp in prep.). It seems extraordinary that the Mekong known range to include Central Laos. can act as an effective dispersion barrier to the species, but RATCHET-TAILEDTREEPIE Temnurus temnurus Locally this is presumably so. common (found daily when searched for) in Nam Kading CROW-BILLEDDRONGO Dicrurus annectans Singles on 26 NBCA, primarily in little-degraded evergreen forest in the March in evergreen forest near Ban Kengbit and on the eastern part of the reserve. Records also came from the north slope of Sayphou Ao on 2 May (both Nam Kading Nam Ao forest, where small flocks were seen on several NBCA) are the first from North Laos; previous Lao occasions, and the Nadi Limestone (once only, at 450 m). records, all in March - May, come from scattered localities These are the first records from North Laos, previous in the South and Centre (Thewlis et al. 1996.), where the records (reviewed in Thewlis et al. in prep.) coming only species was also recorded in 1994-1995. from the Centre, including higher up in the Nam Theun *BLACK-BREASTEDTHRUSH Turdus dissimilis A female on drainage. 23 and 28 February along the Nam On (Nakay Plateau) is *ASHYWOODSWALLOWArtamus fuscus Up to five 'daily the first recent record for Laos and the first from the around cleared and secondary areas of the Bolaven Plateau, Centre. Although not listed for Laos by King et al. (1975), with up to nine at Nam Hiang (Bolaven Plateau). Two over three were recorded from Ban Namkeung-Kao (North a narrow valley overgrown with coarse grass near the Nam Laos) by Delacour and Greenway (1940a). A specimen La on 29 May at 700 m (Phou Dendin NBCA). The only reported from Xiangquang (David-Beaulieu 1944) was other recent Lao records were of occasional birds in similar reidentified as a Japanese Thrush by Dickinson (1970b). habitat on the Bolaven in 1993 (Thewlis et al. 1996) and Examination of skins at BM(NH) showed that female 46 J. W. DUCKWORTH et al. Forktail 13 (1998)

Japanese Thrushes are indeed variable, although none has Xang He NBCA on 21 April 1993 (Thewlis et al. 1996) as extensive orange on the flanks or on the breast as does and fourteen birds during 23 April - 1 May 1994 in and typical Black-breasted. around the Nakay-Nam Theun NBCA, mainly on the *EURASIAN BLACKBIRD Turdus merula Blackbirds were Nakay Plateau (Evans and Timmins 1997). Historically, it was recorded as follows: a scarce September visitor in common in the Nam Theun catchment (including Nam Savannakhet (David-Beaulieu 1949-1950); a scarce winter Kading NBCA and the Nakay Plateau). A male beside the visitor in South Laos to Muang Taoy and around Salavan Xe Kong just outside Xe Pian NBCA on 12 May was the (Engelbach 1932); one, Phongsali on 4 May (Bangs and latest spring record. When on the south bank of the Xe Van Tyne 1931); an abundant double passage migrant in Kong river the bird was in Cambodia, from where Tranninh, especially in mountains (David-Beaulieu 1944). Mlikovsky and Inskipp (in prep.) traced no records. Thus the species occurs in Laos mainly on passage, with Nearly all birds were beside large streams and rivers, records clustered in late April and early May (observation singly or in small loose flocks (as found by David-Beaulieu in autumn has been much less intensive, however). By 1949-1950). Others were seen by a pool in agricultural land contrast in Thailand it is common in winter (Boonsong and on the Nakay Plateau and (about 20) in fruiting trees in Round 1991). As with Forest Wagtail, birds in Laos in evergreen forest (N am Kading NBCA). In 1994, over 40 winter were recorded only from the South. were seen on several days feeding at the margins of a large grazed grassy area on the Nakay Plateau. Along the Nam *FERRUGINOUSFLYCATCHERMuscicapaferruginea One near Kading (December), birds bathed communally (in groups the Nam Leuk dam site (Phou Khaokhoay NBCA) in a of up to 20) before going to roost in dense riverside tree-fall site in logged evergreen forest on 2 November. The bamboo. Birds at this time frequently gave a soft "p'soook"; only previous Lao record is of one at low altitude at Ban the pre-roosting call usual in U.K. was not heard. Other Thathom, North Laos, on 1 October 1946 (David-Beaulieu frequent calls, a "whiiiik" resembling a call of Fieldfare T. 1948) . pilaris, and an explosive ringing "ch(ea) chup chup", also *MUGIMAKI FLYCATCHERFicedula mugimaki Distinctive differed from those given in U.K. Delacour and Jabouille flycatchers in Nam Kading NBCA in January, on the Nakay (1931) and David-Beaulieu (1949-1950) also noted that Plateau in February and on the Bolaven Plateau in April calls differed between this population and those in Europe differed from the female Mugimaki Flycatcher depicted in and P. Alstrom (in Inskipp et al. 1996) suggested, on the Boonsong and Round (1991) in several ways: the pale mark basis particularly of vocal differences, that this population, on the side of the head resembled in shape and position T. m. mandarinus, is not a subspecies of T. merula. that of the male, although it was sometimes barely distinct; The abundance of birds (up to 80 were seen daily on the rich orange of the breast extended up the throat to the the Nakay Plateau) even on the Nam Kading only 65 km bill-base; the mantle was slightly browner than the head in (in a direct line) from the Mekong contrasts with the January and by mid April birds had a noticeably greyish species's status in Thailand, from where Boonsong and head. Otherwise birds were as expected for Mugimaki in Round (1991) report only one record. plumage, size and structure. The call was a rapid "tk-tk- *GREY-SIDEDTHRUSH Turdusfeae Singles beside the Nam tk". Birds sallied from open pine canopy, an understorey tree-fall site, remnant tall trees in cultivation, the Mon (Nakay Plateau) on 3 (first winter plumage) and 6 February (adult). No previous records were listed for understorey beside a forest road and also ate berries in open bushland. Indochina by Mlikovsky and Inskipp (in prep.). Both birds were located by call, which was slightly but distinctly Many skins at BM(NH) revealed that the orange thinner than that of Eyebrowed Thrush T. obscurus. Some underparts of female-type birds often extend right to the non-orange Eyebrowed Thrushes resemble poorly-marked bill base. There was great variation in the precise shape, first-winter Grey-sided Thrushes (M. R. Leven verbally size and position of the pale mark on the head, but usually it reflected that of the male. 1995). Skins at BM(NH) showed that such Eyebrowed Thrushes lack clear grey on the underparts whereas the first WHITE-GORGETEDFLYCATCHERFicedula monileger One near winter Grey-sided on the Nakay Plateau and the two at Ban Xenam-Noy (Bolaven Plateau) on 18 April showed Tring all showed this. Furthermore, although difficult to some characters associated with Rufous-browed Flycatcher judge on skins, most if not all Eyebrowed Thrushes show F. solitaris: although it had a full black surround to the white a white submoustachial stripe as well as the supercilium throat, the crown had a strong russet tone and the bird and lower eye-crescent of Grey-sided Thrush. The lacked a white supercilium but, instead, had a small, weakly upperparts on all eight Grey-sided Thrush specimens at contrasting, pale supraloral spot. The many other birds in BM(NH) and on the two in the field was a rusty-olive tone the area appeared as typical White-gorgeted Flycatchers, resembling that of many Eyebrowed Thrushes, rather than contrasting with those observed on the Bolaven Plateau in the straw-olive depicted in Boonsong and Round (1991). 1993 (35 km to the west in Dong Hua Sao NBCA), many All three first-winter Grey-sided Thrushes showed of which showed a wide and inconsistent mix of characters noticeable olive pectoral-patch extensions of the upperpart of the two species (Thewlis et al. 1996). colour; a similar pattern is shown by dull Eyebrowed SNOWY-BROWEDFLYCATCHERFicedula hyperythra A female Thrushes. on 3 January in undergrowth beside a small stream at 400 *DARK-SIDED FLYCATCHER Muscicapa sibirica Small m in the eastern part of Nam Kading NBCA was numbers daily on the Bolaven Plateau and middle Xe Pian considerably below the lower altitudinal limits given by during 16-23 April in all habitats visited including centres King et al. (1975; 900 m) and Boonsong and Round (1991; of villages. Five singles and a group of two were seen in 800 m). The lowest recent Lao record otherwise is at 1,100 the Nam Ao forest (Nam Kading NBCA) during 27 April m, at which altitude birds were common in Dong Hua Sao - 2 May. Other recent Lao records were of one at Phou NBCA in breeding season 1993 (Thewlis et al. 1996). Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 47

BLUE-AND-WHITE FLYCATCHERCyanoptila cyanomelana the birds in Laos showed no obvious ,differences. No Many of both sexes were seen at Nam Hiang (Bolaven previous Lao records were traced by Mlikovsky and Inskipp Plateau) during 13-17 April, with up to six per day. Females (in prep.) and the nearest known populations are in north- showed surprising variation in throat pattern, including west Thailand and South Annam (King et al. 1975). birds with: a mottled brownish throat with an ill-defined Previous records in South-East Asia come from above creamy vertical centre; a dull greyish throat, with a white 1,080 m (Robson et al. 1993b). ellipse across the lower throat, as shown by some female *DUSKY CRAG MARTIN Hirundo concolor Up to 30 at niltavas; a uniformly pale brown throat and breast. These Vangviang on 26-27 November; one near Ban Lak (28), throat patterns are all shown by female skins in the 30 January; about 40 along the southern escarpment (Nam BM(NH), and Delacour and Jabouille (1931) mention Kading NBCA), breeding in May; provisional records over some variation in the amount of white on the throat. the Nadi Limestone and over karst near Ban Pakngeun SMALLNILTAVANiltava macgrigoriae A male on 3 and 9 (east of Nam Mouan). These are the first recent records January in undergrowth beside a small stream at 400 m in of a species hitherto considered scarce and local in Laos. the eastern part of Nam Kading NBCA. The lower Previous records were also from the North: a small group altitudinal limits given by King et al. (1975) and Boonsong along the middle Nam Xan in December (David-Beaulieu and Round (1991) are 900 m (but sometimes lower in 1944) and at the mouth of the Nam Ou in June, where winter) and 900 m respectively. The lowest recent Lao common (Bangs and Van Tyne 1931). Most records in record otherwise is at 600 m in the Nakay-Nam Theun 1994-1995 were around limestone, with which it is usually NBCA, where the species was common above 1,000 m associated (Boonsong and Round 1991), although those (Evans and Timmins 1997). on the southern escarpment were many kilometres from limestone. *WHITE-TAILEDFLYCATCHERCyornis concretus Birds were locally common in several areas in and around Nam Kading *NORTHERNHousE MARTINDelichon urbica Two forms of NBCA down to 250 m (although commoner above 600 house martins were seen, which differed in plumage and m) and one was seen in Phou Khaokhoay NBCA at 300 call. Birds identified as Northern House Martin on the m. Recently birds were also recorded at Phou Xang He Nakay Plateau (three, Nong Boua, 26 February; two, Ban NBCA (350 m) and Nakay-Nam Theun NBCA at 600- Don, 5 March) called (repeatedly) with a sharp "d-gitt", 1,300 m (Thewlis et al. 1996, Evans and Timmins 1997). closely resembling Northern House Martin in the U.K., Historical records come from the N am Theun area and very different from the call of Asian House Martins. (Delacour 1929a), Lo- Tiao (Delacour and Greenway The clearest visual difference from 1940a) and several sites in Tranninh (David-Beaulieu was the lack of dark undertail coverts: the pale vent 1944). The species is thus much more widespread in Laos stretched almost to the tail tip. The perceived contrast than in Thailand, where Boonsong and Round (1991) between the underwing-coverts and the underwing varied mapped it for only three small areas. It has recently also with light and angle. No consistent differences from Asian been found more widely in Annam (Robson et al. 1993a). were apparent in the tail fork depth or the white rump size. Many recent Lao records came from below 900 m, often Northern House Martin was recorded from Laos in winter substantially so, which is the lower altitudinal limit given as follows: a single at Pakxe, a flock at Muang Taoy for continental South-East Asia by King et al. (1975); (Engelbach 1932) and regularly in Tranninh (David- David-Beaulieu (1944) lists two singles from about 300 m Beaulieu 1944). These are thus the first records from in Tranninh and birds in North Annam were recorded as Central Laos. All historical records were referred to D. u. low as 100 m (Robson et al. 1993a). whiteleyi, now known as D. u. lagopoda, which has a tail *DAURIANREDSTART Phoenicurus auroreus A male in fork intermediate between Asian and European populations extensive scrub near Ban Namkong (Bolaven Plateau, 760 of Northern House Martin (Turner and Rose 1989); this m) on 11 April is the first recent Lao record and the first may be why no difference was noted in the field and from the South. The species was regular, although not indicates that the feature is best used cautiously for common, in Tranninh (North Laos) between November separating the species. and March, being most frequent at mid-altitude sites *ASIAN HousE MARTIN Delichon dasypus Birds identified (David-Beaulieu 1944) and one was taken at Ban Nape as Asian House Martin occurred in large flocks at Phou (Central Laos) (Delacour 1929a). Khaokhoay NBCA (November) and Nam Kading NBCA PLUMBEOUSWATERREDSTART Rhyacornis fuliginosus A (December and January). The call, a reedy "screeeel", combined some of the metallic quality of Northern House male and a pair on a steep part of the Xe Namnoy 5 km Martin in the U.K. with the throatiness of Sand Martin north of Ban Latsasin on 6 April (700 m). Previous Lao Riparia riparia. The tail fork was shallower than on records come only from the North and Centre (King et al. Northern House Martin in the U.K.; on some birds at Nam 1975). In Tranninh, it was a common resident, breeding Kading NBCA the tails looked square-ended. The white at mid altitudes and wintering in lower areas (David- rump did not look noticeably narrow or dirty in colour. Beaulieu 1944). In the Centre only 'a few' were found near Both throat and undertail coverts were darkish (much less Ban Nape and it was fairly rare in Savannakhet (David- clearly so than on Nepal House Martin) but away from Beaulieu 1949-1950); it was recently recorded widely in' the undertail coverts the underparts appeared no dirtier Nakay-Nam Theun NBCA (Evans and Timmins 1997). than on Northern House Martins drinking from flood *CHESTNUT-VENTEDNUTHATCHSitta nagaensis A pair and water. The dark patch on the undertail coverts was smaller 1-2 singles on the Bolaven Plateau on 21 April, in the same than on Nepal House Martin. Black underwing-coverts area of open pine forest at 1,000 m as were Chestnut-bellied were intermittently visible on birds in Nam Kading NBCA, Nuthatches. The observer saw numerous Chestnut-vented but careful previous checking ofunderwing contrast in Java Nuthatches shortly afterwards in northern Thailand and (where only Asian House Martin occurs) and U.K. (where 48 J. W. DUCKWORTH et ai. Forktail13 (1998) only Northern House Martin occurs) indicated that the NBCA) on 29 May. The tape-recording was confirmed by feature has to be used very cautiously, except in the softest P. D. Round (in iitt. 1995) as this species. This is the first lights. recent Lao record, although Cettia warblers perhaps of this Characters were checked against skins at BM(NH). Of species were seen in Nam Kading NBCA. Previous records 23 D. u . iagopoda, none has dark under-tail coverts: some come from Nape (a small flock in January or February; have dark shaft streaks, but dark did not extend to the webs. Delacour 1929a), Lo- Tiao (three, probably in late All subspecies of Asian House Martin have dark shaft December; Delacour and Greenway 1940a) and Phongsali streaks and almost always some dark sullying on the webs. (a breeding female on 29 April; Bangs and Van Tyne 1931). This sullying varies in extent and, although usually mid- [*BLUNT-WINGEDWARBLERAcrocephaius concinens One in brown, is sometimes almost black (but not glossy as on rank herbage on Garden Island, Vientiane on 29 November Nepal House Martin). The white rump band of D. u. was identified provisionally as this species by the absence iagopoda is approximately 150% as long as that of Asian of dark above the supercilium (which was specifically House Martin and it seems surprising that this difference searched for at very close range), the greater prominence was less obvious in the field than that in vent colour. of the supercilium before than after the eye, the extensive House martins, either Northern or Asian, were recorded buff wash on the flanks, the quite long, predominantly pink over the Bolaven Plateau in April and at Vangviang in bill and the short wings (relative to Eurasian Reed Warbler November. Recent records, all of under 10 individuals, also A. scirpaceus).The call was a soft "tschak", markedly more come from Houay Nhang (October and November 1992), fluid in the introduction than is the analogous note of Xe Pian NBCA (31 December 1992, 1 January and 11 Eurasian Reed. March 1993) and the Nakay Plateau in 1994 (Thewlis et Single small plain Acrocephaius warblers on 13 and 17 ai. 1996, Evans and Timmins 1997). Asian House Martins April in the marshy parts ofNam Hiang (Bolaven Plateau), were identified on the Nakay Plateau on 28 February 1994 among dozens of Black-browed Reed Warblers, had cold on the basis of plumage, including a narrow white rump greyish upperparts, presumably a consequence of wear. It band and dark underwing coverts (light conditions were was not possible to decide whether the supercilium (which excellent). There are no certain historical records of Asian was strong fore and aft) had a dark upper margin. The House Martin in Laos (Mlikovsky and Inskipp in prep.). breast-sides showed a slight clouding, but the underparts Recently, the species was recorded for the first time in were cleaner and whiter than the bird in November (also Indochina in Vietnam (Robson et ai. 1993a). likely to be because of wear). The short wings were again *NEPAL HousE MARTIN Deiichon nipaiensis Flocks of 20- noticeable and the call was transcribed as "szchip", lacking the incisive start of the similar call of Eurasian Reed. 40 by the southern escarpment (Nam Kading NBCA, 13- 23 April) and about 20 where the escarpment abuts the The supercilium of Blunt-winged Warbler is usually weak karst, near Ban Lak (28) (29 January and 22 March) are behind the eye (Kennerley and Leader 1992), but is the first records from North Laos. The only previous Lao probably most conspicuous on grey-plumaged (thus, worn) records are from the Bolaven Plateau and adjacent lowlands birds such as those on the Bolaven Plateau. These records in 1993 (Thew lis et ai. 1996); the species was again found are provisional because even the absence of dark above the there in March - April 1995, some 35 km from the 1993 supercilium is not conclusive, as a brow is not always visible records. The largest flock was of 600 over Nam Hiang on some Paddyfield Warblers A. agricoia(Alstr6m et ai. (Bolaven Plateau). Such numbers in two years and their 1991). Robson etal. (1993a) likewiseretained their records from Vietnam as unconfirmed. wide spread indicates that the population is healthy. The only previous Blunt-winged Warbler recorded from [*BROWN-BREASTEDBULBULPycnonotus xanthorrhous One Laos was collected at Savannakhet (Central Laos) on 13 believed to be this species on 29 May in scrub at 1,020 m November 1944 (Dickinson 1970b). However, it may near Ban Than (Phou Dendin NBCA) is the first, albeit prove to be a regular migrant, as it appears to be in Vietnam provisional, recent record for Laos. In Indochina it seems (Mey 1997). Other than Blunt-winged, Paddyfield Warbler restricted to the far northern highlands (Bangs and Van (which has been reported only once from Indochina; N. Tyne 1931), as in Thailand (Boonsong and Round 1991) Dymond in Robson 1996) and Black-browed Reed and previous Lao records come only from the North: Warbler, the only small Acrocephaius recorded for South- several were recorded previously close to Phou Dendin East Asia by King et ai. (1975) is Blyth's Reed Warbler A. NBCA, near Phongsali (Bangs and Van Tyne 1931), and dumetorum and this is listed only for Burma.] it was locally common in Tranninh above 1,100 m (Delacour and Jabouille 1927, David-Beaulieu 1944).] *EASTERNCROWNEDWARBLERPhylloscopus coronatus One in low scrub on the Nakay Plateau on 26 February and ASHYBULBULHemixos flavaia A party of three about 3 km singles in evergreen forest near Ban Khawhiang (Nakay west of Ban Nongset (Bolaven Southwest PPA) at 350 m Plateau, 550 m) on 3 March and in Nam Kading NBCA is the lowest altitude recent record in Laos. King et ai. on 3 April. Those from the Nakay Plateau are the first from (1975) gave a usual lower limit of about 600 m for South- Central Laos; historical Lao records come only from the East Asia, while Boonsong and Round (1991) noted birds North and South (King etai. 1975). The only other recent as low as 200 m in peninsular Thailand, but gave no lower records from Laos are from Houay Nhang in autumn 1992 limit for continental Thailand. There are many previous (Thewlis et al. 1996): during the survey period of mid records from Laos; David-Beaulieu (1944) recorded the October to mid November, the species declined in species over 1,000 m, but other authors did not note altitudes. abundance. David-Beaulieu (1944) found that it was a double passage migrant in Tranninh, but past records from *PALE-FOOTED BUSH WARBLER Cettia pallidipes Two, the Bolaven were in December and January (Engelbach probably a pair, scolding the observer in hillside tall grass 1932). It probably occurs in Laos outside the South mainly and scrub at 700 m along the Nam La (Phou Dendin on passage. The abundance of Arctic Warbler, which also Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 49 occurs in Laos primarily on passage, also declined during 1940b). The streaked birds we observed in Central Laos the autumn 1992 survey period at Houay Nhang, whereas appear closer to P. r. beaulieui than to P. 'schisticeps, with three common wintering congeners (Blyth's, Yellow- dull and pallid streaking, which was usually fairly limited browed and Greenish) increased during this period. but very variable in extent; some individuals were not *LEAF WARBLERPhylloscopus sp. An unidentified warbler clearly separable from P. schisticeps. A specimen at was common in the Nadi and Sayphou Loyang Limestone BM(NH), from Central Laos (Ban Hoi Mak camp 39, 8 areas. Among Phylloscopus species known from Laos, it km north-east of Ban Pak-Hinboun, collected on 28 seemed closest to White-tailed Leaf Warbler P. davisoni, February 1920) has been labelled variously as P. r. beaulieui but differed from those seen in Nam Theun NBCA and and P. s. humilis. Because ofthe intergradation they found on the Bolaven Plateau in having the breast and belly bright in parts of Laos, Delacour and Greenway (l940b) yellow and in the intense yellow central crown stripe, considered that all forms of P. ruficollis and P. schisticeps supercilium and wingbars. The yellow underparts were not were conspecific, whether the underparts were streaked or as strongly coloured as on Sulphur-breasted Warbler. Skins not and whether the upperparts were rusty or olive. They at BM(NH) confirmed the differences from White-tailed were aware that elsewhere (the Himalayas and upper (and also Blyth's) and that, while the head pattern and Burma) well differentiated forms with streaked and plain colour resembled Sulphur-breasted, the underparts were underparts occurred together, contrasting with the situation much less bright. The birds were probably holding breeding in Laos where adjacent forms merged into each other. territories: they were seen in successive days in the same Deignan (1964), however, accorded P. ruficollis and P. patches of forest and were calling and singing frequently. schisticeps specific rank, without explaining why. On the basis of the tape-recorded vocalizations, the birds *LIMESTONEWREN BABBLERNapothera crispifrons A flock may belong to an unnamed taxon (P. Alstr6m in litt. 1995). of about six at Vangviang on 26 November is the first recent SCALY-CROWNEDBABBLERMalacopteron cinereum Locally record from Laos, previous records coming only from the frequent in the evergreen forest of Nam Kading NBCA, north-east (Delacour and Jabouille 1940, King et al. 1975): particularly in the Nam Ao forest. These are the first small numbers were found at Ban Souy and the Nam Mo, records from North Laos, previous records (reviewed in and birds seemed much rarer than their habitat (David- Thewlis et al. 1996) coming from the South and Centre. Beaulieu 1944). In the late afternoon the birds at Vangviang The species was recently recorded north to 200N in foraged around a small temple at the foot of a limestone Vietnam (Robson et at. 1989). Most records in Laos come cliff, entering occasionally the porches of buildings, and from lowland or flat mid-altitude sites retaining good forest; seemed indifferent to the passage of numerous monks it occurs up to 700 m in North Annam (Robson et at. 1993a). within a few feet. David-Beaulieu (1944) however, considered it was a very wild bird which was difficult to *STREAK-BREASTEDSCIMITAR BABBLER Pomatorhinus see and capture. ruficollisAt least one was seen in tall scrub at 1,010 m on 27 May near Ban Than (Phou Dendin NBCA). Birds *SOOTY BABBLER Stachyris herberti Three groups in the showing a range of characters between Streak-breasted and Khammouan Limestone NBCA on fairly open vegetated karst at 280-480 m altitude. These are the first records for White-browed P. schisticeps were found in the Nam Kading NBCA and Nam Ao forest, and in 1994 in the Nakay-Nam Laos since the species was described from specimens taken Theun NBCA (Evans and Timmins 1997). Most birds in this same limestone complex 21 km from the 1995 showed rather little streaking on the flanks and side of the sightings (Baker 1920, 1921, Williamson 1945). The only breast; relatively few were streaked across the breast. A record in the interim was from Vietnam (Eames et al. 1995), party in the Nam Ao forest (Nam Kading NBCA, 22 on another part of the same limestone belt. January) contained two unstreaked adults, one moderately *YELLOW-EYEDBABBLERChrysomma sinense One in hillside streaked adult and two fledged young. tall grass and scrub at 700 m along the Nam La (Phou There are several previous records of Streak-breasted Dendin NBCA) is the first recent Lao record. Such scarcity Scimitar Babbler from Laos. Two were collected at Phongsali is unexpected as in neighbouring Thailand it is 'very (closeto Phou Dendin NBCA) and one at Ban Muangyo (all common', occurring over a wide altitudinal and habitat of P. r. albipectus;Bangs and Van Tyne 1931). Birds from range, especially in degraded areas (Boonsong and Round Ban Nonghet resembled P. r. reconditus but were rather pale 1991). Previous Lao records comprise: one at Phongsali (Delacour and Greenway 1940b). P. r. beaulieuiwas described (Bangs and Van Tyne 1931); infrequent in Tranninh from Tranninh (David-Beaulieu 1944) and further birds were (Delacour and Jabouille 1927, David-Beaulieu 1944); rare collected at Taloun, Lo- Tiao and Ban Namkeung-Kao in Savannakhet, less so around Xe Pon (David-Beaulieu (Delacour and Greenway 1940a). Birds from the last two sites 1949-1950); found at Ban Nape (Delacour 1929a) and were intermediate between P. r. beaulieui and P. s. ripponi; Taloun (Delacour and Greenway 1940a); and found in the these two forms differ only in that the former has a streaked South only at Ban Thateng, at 900 m (Engelbach 1932). breast (Delacour and Greenway 1940b). Birds from Nam Thus, although it was collected widely, no authors Theun and the Bolaven Plateau appeared to be intermediates considered the species common. The past records come between P. r. reconditus and P. r. beaulieui (Delacour and mainly from mid altitude hills and authors often mentioned Greenway 1940b). Our observations of birds on the Bolaven that the bird was found in grassy or bushy areas, away from were all of entirely unstreaked birds and therefore identified forest. It is likely that the paucity of recent records reflects asP.schisticeps(Appendix 1; Thewlis et at. 1996). partly the bird's occurrence at low density, and partly a concentration of effort in forest areas. P. r. beaulieui shows weaker and sparser streaks than do some other subspecies of P. ruficollis (which show bold *BROWN-CHEEKEDFULVETTAAlcippe poioicephala Fulvettas streaks down the underparts from the lower margin of the identified as this species were recorded in the Nam Ao throat); indeed P. r. beaulieui was described as having only forest (Nam Kading NBCA, one), in scrub along the access a more or less streaked breast (Delacour and Greenway road 2 km from the Theun-Hinboun dam site (Nam 50 J. W. DUCKWORTH et al. Forktail13 (1998)

Kading NBCA, one small flock), in tall secondary growth down to 300 m (Thewlis et al. 1996). King, et al. (1975) in the Nam Mouan valley (Nam Kading NBCA), and in gave a lower altitudinal limit of 900 m, which is clearly degraded forest and tall secondary growth around Ban inappropriate for Laos; Boonsong and Round (1991) stated Hinngon, where it was common. In Phou Dendin NBCA that the species occurred down to the foothills in Thailand it was provisionally identified twice. and Robson et at. (1993b) recorded birds down to 140 m It was distinguished from A. morrisonia and A. peracensis in Vietnam. The lack of records from south of the Bolaven by the lack of an obvious eyering, having a face browner Plateau contrasts with its abundance on the Plateau and than grey, and darker-washed underparts with a markedly in areas to the north. yellow tone. Grey was restricted to the cap; the cheeks were *PLAIN-BACKED SPARROW Passer flaveolus A male on concolorous with (although slightly darker than, and Garden Island, Vientiane (3 December) and four at Pakxan sometimes tinged grey-brown) the throat and breast. The (20 December) in waterside scrub or cultivation. Previous folded remiges were noticeably rusty against the rest of the Lao records come only from the South and Centre (King upperparts. et at. 1975). In Savannakhet, it was scarce, lived away from These birds fit A. poioicephala alearis, which has not habitations, and occurred in pairs rather than the big flocks otherwise been recorded recently from Laos. Historical of Cochinchina (David-Beaulieu 1949-1950); it was a records come from hilly areas in the North and Annamites: resident around Pakxe and in one year nested in the hospital Ban Muangyo and Ban Boun-Tai (Bangs and Van Tyne buildings (Engelbach 1932). Other recent records are of: 1931), Ban Houayxai, Ban Namkeung-Kao, Lo-Tiao and lion 29 January 1993 at Dong Kalo, Xe Pian NBCA Taloun (common at all; Delacour and Greenway 1940a), (Thewlis et al. 1996) and occasional birds in 1994 in Tranninh (less common; Delacour and Greenway 1940a, degraded areas of the Nakay Plateau and the outskirts of David-Beaulieu 1944) and Xe Pon (common; David- Xe Bang-Nouan NBCA (Evans and Timmins 1997). The Beaulieu 1949-1950). It occurred in the same localities as species appears to be localized in small numbers in Laos; A. m. fraterculus around Tranninh, even mixing in small contrastingly in Thailand it is a very common resident and numbers in flocks in which the latter was common (David- occurs in a variety of habitats throughout the country Beaulieu 1944), while in eastern Savannakhet large flocks (Boonsong and Round 1991). of A. p. alearis sometimes contained unidentified fulvettas which were either A. peracensis annamensis or A. peracensis *FOREST WAGTAIL Dendronanthus indicus Birds (usually grotei (David-Beaulieu 1949-1950). The most similar singly) were recorded in Nam Kading NBCA (mainly in specimens at BM(NH) to the birds we observed are two degraded areas) on seven dates in April, from Ban Houayko which were collected at Ban Muangliap (camp 15) by (Bolaven Southwest PP A) on 12 and 13 April, and near Herbert in 1920. Ban Nam Tang (Bolaven Plateau) on 10 April. Other recent records are of small numbers at Phou Xang He GREY-CHEEKEDFULVETTAAlc£ppe morrisonia This species NBCA in April 1993, at Lao Pako in April 1993 and at Xe was recorded on the Nakay Plateau and was common in Pian NBCA in early January and early March 1993 secondary forest along the Nam Ngoy 16 km upstream of (Thewlis et at. 1996). The concentration in April indicates Ban Thabak. The single record west of this was on Sayphou that the bird occurs primarily on passage in Laos, with Ao, west of the Nam Kading, at 750 m. Small numbers relatively small numbers in winter in the South; by contrast were identified provisionally in and around Phou Dendin it is common in winter in most of Thailand (Boonsong and NBCA at 900 - 1,700 m. It was previously found widely Round 1991). Historical records are: a regular double in and around Nakay-Nam Theun NBCA in 1994 (Evans passage migrant in Tranninh, commoner in August - and Timmins 1997). In the field it showed a mix of October than in April (David-Beaulieu 1944); a scarce bird characters of A. peracensis annamensis and A. p. grotei (see in Savannakhet (no dates given; David-Beaulieu 1949- Thewlis et at. 1996).It was collected (as A. nepalensis 1950); recorded from dense forest around Pakxe in October laotianus) in the Ban Nape and Nam Theun area (Delacour - January (Engelbach 1932) and a single from Ban 1929a). It is now called A. morrisoniajraterculus (Mlikovsky Muangyo on 15 May (Bangs and Van Tyne 1931). and Inskipp in prep.). Birds referred to A. m. fraterculus Delacour (1929b) considered that it was a common winter were common in Tranninh (David-Beaulieu 1944); visitor to the south of Indochina, but rare in the centre. specimens from this region at BM(NH) have darker and more uniform brown upperparts than the birds recorded WHITE WAGTAILMotacilla alba Birds were common along in the Nam Theun catchment. the Nam Ou (Phou Dendin NBCA) in May - June, and many fresh juveniles, some begging from adults, were *AUSTRALASIANBuSHLARKMirajrajavanica One on 1 May observed. This is the first breeding record for Laos of a at the edge of a dry pool at Ban Nakhay (Phou Khaokhoay common migrant throughout the country (King et al. 1975, NBCA) is the first recent Lao record. It was frequent on Thewlis et at. 1996, Evans and Timmins 1997). Elsewhere passage through Tranninh in November and sometimes in Indochina, King et al. (1975) recorded breeding only April and a few were found one autumn in Savannakhet for Tonkin, which adjoins North Laos. Breeding is probably (David-Beaulieu 1944, 1949-1950). The timing of the not widespread in North Laos as David-Beaulieu (1944) Phou Khaokhoay NBCA record accords with a migrant. never recorded it during five years' residence in Tranninh. *STREAKEDSPIDERHUNTERArachnothera magna Recorded, *PIN-TAILEDPARROTFINCHErythrura prasina Singles at Nam often commonly, on the Nakay Plateau (500-600 m), in Mang (Phou Khaokhoay NBCA) on 9 and 11 November the Nam Kading NBCA (250-850 m), around the Nadi and widespread records of flocks (some of hundreds) in Nam Limestone (500 m), on the Bolaven Plateau (750-1,000 Kading NBCA, especially the Nam Ao forest in January. m), at Vangviang (200 m) and at Phou Dendin NBCA (600 These are the first recent records from Laos. Previous Lao m). The species was also common in Phou Xang He NBCA records are discussed in Thewlis et at. (in prep.). Forktail 13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 51

*SPOT-WINGEDGROSBEAKMycerobas melanozanthos A flock David-Beaulieu, A. (1948) Notes sur quelques 'oiseaux nouveaux of about seven along the Nam Ou at 570 m on 26 May pour IeTranninh et meme pour l'Indochine. L 'Oiseau R.j. O. 18: 133-140. (Phou Dendin NBCA) fed on small fruits in an area of David-Beaulieu, A. (1949-1950) Les oiseaux de la Province de secondary growth. This is the first recent record for Laos, Savannakhet (Bas-Laos). L'Oiseau R.j.O. 19: 41-84, 153-194; although this pattern is not unexpected as previous records 20: 9-50. come only from the North (King et at. 1975). Past records Deignan, H. G. (1964) Subfamily Timaliinae. Pp. 240-247 in E. comprise: Ban Muangyo (Bangs and Van Tyne 1931); Lo- Mayr and R. A. Paynter, eds. Check-list of birds of the world, 10. Tiao and Taloun (Delacour and Greenway 1940a); and a Harvard, U.S.A.: Museum of Comparative Zoology. regular summer visitor, erratic in numbers, to Xiangquang Delacour,J. (1929a) On the birds collected during the fourth expedition to French Indo-. Ibis (12) 5: 193-220, 403-429. (David-Beaulieu 1944). Delacour,J. (1929b) Les oiseaux migrateurs de l'Indochine Fran~aise. *BLACK-HEADEDBUNTINGEmberiza melanocephala A male J. Orn. 77 (supp!. 2): 71-82. at Vangviang on 27 November is the first record for Delacour,J. (1932) Etude systematique de quelques oiseaux nouveaux Indochina (Mlikovsky and Inskipp in prep.) and probably ou interessants obtenus par la VIe expedition en Indochine. L'Oiseau R.j.O. 2: 419-438. the first field observation of the species in mainland South- Delacour, J. (1951) Commentaires, modifications et additions a la East Asia (Thewlis 1995). liste des oiseaux de l'Indochine Fran~aise (II). L 'Oiseau R.j. O. 21: 1-32,81-119. Survey permission was granted by the Department of Forestry of the Delacour, J. and Greenway, J. C. (1940a) Liste des oiseaux receuillis Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (especially Mr Khampheune dans la Province du Haut-Mekong et Ie royaume de Luang- Kingsada, Mr. Chanthaviphone Inthavong, Mr. Saleumsy Prabang. L'Oiseau R.j.O. 10: 25-59. Phithayaphone and Mr. Venevongphet) with assistance from the Delacour,J. and Greenway, J. C. (1940b) Notes critiques sur certains Hydropower Office of the Ministry of Industry and Handicrafts oiseaux indochinois. L'Oiseau R.j.O. 10: 60-77. (especially M. Michel Miron and Mr Bounlat Vilaysouk) and the Committee for Cooperation and Planning (especially Mr. Bounmy Delacour, J. and Greenway, J. C. (1941) Commentaires, additions et Thepsimuong). We are most grateful to these bodies and individuals modifications a la liste des oiseaux de \'Indo-chine fran~aise. for their time and support during the year. L'OiseauR.j.O. II (supp!.): i-xxi. Many people gave advice and assistance, including Per Alstr6m; Ian Delacour, J. and Jabouille, P. (1927) Recherchesornithologiquesdans les Baird; Klaus and Unchai Berkmiiller; Bill Bleisch, Mike Meredith and Provinces du Tranninh (Laos), de Thua-Thien et de Kontoum Alan Rabinowitz (WCS); Stuart Chape (IUCN); Peter Colston and (Annam) etquelquesautres regionsde l'Indochinefranfaise. Archives Robert Pryl\s-Jones (BM(NH)); Thomas Jonnsen (Lao-Swedish d'Histoire Naturelle. Paris: Societe Nationale d'Acclimatation Forestry Cooperation Programme); Anders Korvald (Norplan); Jack de France. Prosser (Nam Theun 2 Project Development Group); Philip Round; Delacour,J. andJabouille, P. (1931) Lesoiseauxde l'Indochinefranl;aise. Craig Robson; Gian Pietro Simeoni (Electrowatt) and Uthai Treesucon. 4 vols. Paris: Exposition Coloniale Internationale. Tim Inskipp provided an invaluable draft of the Annotated checklist Deiacour,J. and Jabouille, P. (1940) Liste des oiseaux de l'Indo-chine and bibliography of the birds ofIndochina, access to the more elusive fran~aise, complete et mise a jour. L 'Oiseau etR.f. O. 10: 89-220. references and frequent advice. Dan Duff translated text from Russian. Dickinson, E. C. (1970a) Birds of the Legendre Indochina expedition The enthusiastic participation of our counterparts Chainoi 1931-1932. Amer. Mus. Novitates 2423: 1-17. Sisomphone, Boonhom Sounthala, Bounsou Souan and Khamkhoun Khounboline (all of the Centre for Protected Areas and Watershed Dickinson, E. C. (1970b) Notes upon a collection of birds from Indochina. Ibis 112: 481-487. Management) and Bounlom and Phouvang (Phou Khaokhoay NBCA headquarters) was greatly appreciated and instrumental to the operation Duckworth,J. W. (1996) Bird and mammal records from the Sangthong ofthe surveys. Other useful observations were contributed by Matthew District, Vientiane Municipality, Laos in 1996. Nat. Hist. Bull. Etter and Michael Leven. Siam Soc. 44: 217-242. Most fieldwork was conducted through the Wildlife Conservation Duckworth, J. W. (1997) Small carnivores in Laos: a status review Society. The Nakay Plateau was surveyed under contract ref. HGF- with notes on ecology, behaviour and conservation. Small B524 to the Nam Theun 2 Project Development Group, Nam Kading Carnivore Conserv. 16: 1-21. NBCA and surroundings under contract to Electrowatt Engineering Eames, J. C. (1997) Some additions to the list of birds of Vietnam. Services and to Norplan and the Xe Namnoy area under contract to Forktail12: 163-166. Electrowatt Engineering Services. The Cedar Grove Ornithological Eames, J. C., Lambert, F. R. and Nguyen Cu (1995) Rediscovery of Research Station, Inc. (USA) provided partial financial support for the Sooty Babbler Stachyris herberti in central Vietnam. Bird W. G. Robichaud. Cons. Internat. 5: 129-135. Engelbach, P. (1927) Une collection d' oiseaux du Bas Laos. Bull. Soc. Zool. France 52: 239-250. REFERENCES Engelbach, P. (1929) Observations d'oiseaux sur Ie Mekong. L 'Oiseau 10: 672. AIstr6m, P., Olsson, U. and Round, P. D. (1991) The taxonomic Engelbach, P. (1932) Les oiseaux du Laos meridiona!. L'Oiseau et status of Acrocephalus agricola tangorum. Forktail 6: 3-13. R.f. O. 2: 439-498. Baker, E. C. S. (1920) Description of new genera, species and Evans, T. D., Duckworth, J. W. and Timmins, R. J. (in prep.) Field subspecies from a collection of birds collected by Mr E. G. observations of mammals in Laos, 1994-1995. Herbert in Siam. Bull. Brit. Orn. Club 41: 10-11. Evans, T. D., Robichaud, W. G. and Tizard, R. J. (1997) The White- Baker, E. C. S. (1921) (Diagnosis of the genus Nigravis). Bull. Brit. winged Duck Cairina scutUlata in Laos. Wildfowl 47: 81-96. Om. Club 41: 101. Evans, T. D. and Timmins, R. J. (1996) The status of the Green Bangs, O. and Van Tyne, J. (1931) Birds of the Kelley-Roosevelts Peafowl Pavo muticus in Laos. Forktail11: 11-32 (as amended by expedition to French Indochina. Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. errata in volume 12). (Zool. Ser.) 18: 33-119. Evans, T. D. and Timmins, R. J. (1997) Ornithological records from Boonsong Lekagul and Round, P. D. (1991) A guide to the birds of Central Laos in 1994. Forktail this issue. Thailand. Bangkok: Saha Karn Bhaet. Inskipp, T., Lindsey, N. and Duckworth, W. (1996) An annotated Collar, N. J., Crosby, M. J. and Stattersfield, A. J. (1994) Birds to checklist of the birds of the Oriental region. Sandy, U. K.: Oriental watch 2: the world list of threatened birds. Cambridge, U.K.: Bird Club. BirdLife International (Conservation Series No.4). Kennerley, P. R. and Leader, P. J. (1992) The identification, status Cramp, S. and Simmons, K. E. L., eds. (1980) The birdsof the Western and distribution of small Acrocephalus warblers in Eastern China. Palearctic,2. Oxford, U.K.: Oxford University Press. Bird Report 1991: 143-187. David-Beaulieu, A. (1944) Les oiseaux du Tranninh. Hanoi: Universite King, B. F., Woodcock, M. and Dickinson, E. C. (1975) A field guide Indochinoise. to the birds of South-East Asia. London: Collins. 52 J. W. DUCKWORTH et al. Forktail 13 (1998)

Mey, E. (1997) Records of Blunt-winged Warbler Acrocephalus (1996) Ornithological records for Laos, 1992-1993. Forktail11: concinens in North Vietnam. Forktail12: 166-167. 47-100. Mlikovsky,}. and Inskipp, T. P. (in prep.) An annotated checklist and Thewlis, R. M. and Timmins, R}. (1996) The rediscovery of Giant bibliography of the birds of Indochina. Ibis Pseudibis gigantea with a review of previous records. Bird Oustalet, E. (1899-1903) Les oiseaux du Cambodge, du Laos, de Conserv. Inti. 6: 317-324. ]'Annam et du Tonkin. Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris (4)1: Thewlis, R. M., Timmins, R J., Evans, T. D. and Duckworth,}. W. 221-296; (4)5: 1-94. (in prep.) The status of key species for bird conservation in Laos. Perennou, C. and Mundkur, T. (1991) Asian waterfowl census 1991. Timmins, R}. and Evans, T. D. (1996) Wildlife and habitat survey of Mid-winter waterfowl counts, January 1991. Slimbridge, U.K. and theN am Theun National Biodiversity Conservation Area. Vientiane: Kuala Lumpur: International Waterfowl and Wetlands Research unpublished report to the Department of Forestry. Bureau and Asian Wetland Bureau. Timmins, R J., Evans, T. D., Khamkhoun Khounboline and Chainoi Perennou, C. and Mundkur, T. (1992) Asian andAustralasian waterfowl Sisomphone (in prep.) Status and conservation of the giant census1992. Mid-winter waterfowlcounts,January 1992. Slimbridge, muntjac Megamuntiacus vuquangensis and notes on other muntjac U.K. and Kuala Lumpur: IWRB and AWB. species in Laos. Oryx. Perennou, C., Rose, P. and Poole, C. (1990) Asian waterfowl census Treesucon, U. and Round, P. D. (1990) Report on threatened birds 1990. Mid-winter waterfowl counts in southern and eastern Asia, in Thailand. Tigerpaper 17: 1-9. January 1990. Slimbridge, U.K.: IWRB. Turner, A. and Rose, C. (1989) A handbook to the swallows and martins Perennou, C., Mundkur, T. and Scott, D. A. (1994) The Asian of the world. London: Christopher Helm. Waterfowl Census 1987-91: distribution and status ofAsian waterfowl. Village, A. (1990) The Kestrel. London: Poyser. Kuala Lumpur and Slimbridge, U.K.: AWB (pub!. 86) and Wildlife Conservation Society. (1995a) A preliminary wildlife and IWRB. habitat assessment of the Nam Theun 2 hydropower project area. Robichaud, W. G. and Boonhom Sounthala (1995) A preliminary Unpublished report to the Committee for Planning and wildlife and habitat survey of Phou Dendin NBCA, Phongsali. Cooperation of the Government of the Lao P.D.R. and the Vientiane: unpublished report to the Department of Forestry. Project Development Group of the Nam Theun 2 Hydropower Robinson, H. C. and Kloss, C. B. (1919) On birds from South Annam project. and Cochin China. Ibis (11) 1: 392-453, 565-625. Wildlife Conservation Society. (1995b) A survey of terrestrialwildlifein Robinson, H. C. and Kloss, C. B. (1931) Some birds from Siam and the area to be affected by the proposed Xe Nam Noy - Xe Pian Laos (Middle Mekong). Ibis (13) 1: 319-341. Hydroelectric Project. Unpublished report to the Committee for Robson, C. (comp.) (1996) From the field. Oriental Bird Club Bull. 24: Planning and Cooperation of the Government of the Lao P.D.R 59-65. and Electrowatt Engineering Services. Robson, C. R., Eames,}. C., Nguyen Cu and Truong Van La (1993a) Wildlife Conservation Society. (1995c) A wildlifeand habitat assessment Further recent records of birds from Viet Nam. Forktail8: 25-52. of the Nam Theun 1 hydropower project area. Unpublished report Robson, C. R, Eames,}. C., Nguyen Cuand Truong Van La (1993b) to the Committee for Planning and Cooperation of the Government of the Lao P.D.R and Electrowatt Engineering Birds recorded during the third BirdLife/Forest Birds Working Services. Group expedition in Viet Nam. Forktail9: 89-119. Robson, C. R, Eames, }. c., Wolstencroft, }. A., Nguyen Cu and Wildlife Conservation Society. (1995d) A wildlifeand habitat assessment Truong Van La (1989) Recent records of birds from Viet Nam. of the Theun-Hinboun hydropowerproject area. Unpublished report Forktail5: 71-97. to the Hydropower Office of the Lao P.b.R. Ministry ofIndustry and Handicrafts and to Norplan AlS. Round, P. D. (1988) Residentforestbirdsin Thailand. Cambridge, U.K.: International Council for Bird Preservation (monograph 2). Wildlife Conservation Society. (1995e) A preliminary survey of Phou Khao Khouay National Biodiversity Conservation Area. Vientiane: Salter, R E. (1993) Wildlife in Lao PDR. A status report. Vientiane: mCN. unpublished report to the Department of Forestry. Williamson, W. (1945) On some birds from Thailand, etc. Ibis 87: 52- Stepanjan, L. S. (1990) [On the status of the Black Baza Aviceda 69. leuphotesin south-eastern Indochina.] Ornitologiya 24: 161-163. (In Russian.) Thewlis, R M. (1995) A Black-headed BuntingEmberiza melanocephala record from South-East Asia. Nat. Hist. Bull. Siam Soc. 43: 171- 172. Thewlis, R M., Duckworth,}. W., Anderson, G. Q. A., Dvorak, M., Evans, T. D., Nemeth, E., Timmins, R}. and Wilkinson, R. J.

J. W Duckworth) East Redham Farm) Pilning) Bristol BS12 3JG) UK. R. J. Tizard) 1901 Nueces Drive) College Station) Texas 77840) US.A. R. J. Timmins) 25 Cradley Road) Cradley Heath) Warley) West Midlands B64 6AG) U.K. R. M. Thewlis) 52 Long Reach Road, Cambridge CB4 1UJ) UK. W G, Robichaud) Cedar Grove Ornithological Research Station) Marine Drive) Route 1) Cedar Grove) Wisconsin 53705) U.S.A. T. D. Evans) 11a Yeoman Lane) Bearsted) Maidstone) Kent ME14 4BX) UK. Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 53

APPENDIX 1

Threat codes: GT, Globally Threatened; GNT, Globally Near-Threatened; ARL, At Risk in Laos; PARL, Potentially At Risk in Laos; LK, threat level Little Known in Laos.

Abundance codes: A, Abundant; C, Common; F, Frequent; 0, Occasional; P, Present but abundance not assessed; L (prefIx), Local; k (suffix for lower Xe Namnoy), recorded only on the Xe Kong adjacent to the lower Xe Namnoy. Codes in parentheses indicate that the bird was not recorded directly but was reported by villagers. Codes in square brackets indicate a provisional record. Dual codes (e.g. P [CD indicate that the fIrst assessment was confIrmed but the second is believed to be correct. Codes in parentheses indicate that the species was reported by villagers, but not confIrmed to occur. Abundances for birds not identifIed to species (e.g. yellownape sp.) do not include individuals identifIed to species. Sites: see text.

Species notes: 1: possibly Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis. 6: all birds identifIed were of the Two-barred form P. (t.) 2: all birds identifIed to race were C. a. spilonotus. plumbeitarsus. 3: may include some Slender-billed Orioles. 7: on Bolaven Plateau, may include some White-tailed Leaf 4: white-headed forms. Warblers. 5: black-headed forms. 8: a distinct form as described in the text.

OJ Nam Theun drainage basin Phou Khao Xe Nam Noy cat. en Xe Phou Other sites Bolovens Xe Plateau SPECIESf Threat Z AB C DEFG Z en ZZ 0 OJ "" Z 0 r-< r-< '" '" '" '" '" '" "0 '" 5' '" 0 0 ro §. ,.. 0. '< ro =: ro 9- 0: 0: 9- 9- '" _. "0 3 3 =: 3 ro 0. ro'" 0. ro'" 0 '< ::r Z Z "I1 '1 '1 '1 0 5' r-< 0 OJ ror-< '" '" 0 :r: <> <> =: "" '" '" ro'1 ,.. '1 0;' I)Q Z ., 3' n '" =: '" ::r ro ro Z rl r-< » ,.. '" '" '" =: ro OJ " 0 I)Q '< rl I)Q "" n OJ '" '< "" 0;' » n '" 8 '" 0;' =: =: =: =: » ro I)Q

CHINESE FRANCOUN C CCCCC Francolinus pintaeanus -- -

BLUEBREASTED QUAIL Coturnix chinensis P ...... BARBACKED PARTRIDGE P LC P P C F 15 Arboroplzi/a brun'!!.opecrus ------SCALYBREASTED PARTRIDGE A. charltonii CCC 0 P C C CCC 14 ------RED JUNGLEFOWL Gallus gallus C LC C C C CPPFCC PPP C P C 11,15 ...... I...... SILVERPHEASANT FPP P P 15 Lophura nycthemera - - -. [FJ - - F - 0 SIAMESEFIREBACK L. diardi GT P P P - - -- .. 0- (P) . ... -- .. [P] a -. (P) (P) - GREY PEACOCK PHEASANT - 10, C C 0 PC PP C Polyplectron bicalcararum------14,15 GREEN PEAFOWL Pavo muticus GT P -- (P) - - - (P) - (P) (P) - LESSER WHISTLINGDUCK C P PP 1,12 Dendrocygna jav(l"ica - -. - - RUDDY SHELDUCK

Tadorna ferruginea ------1,13 WHITE-WINGED DUCK Cairina scutulata GT LF PP ------(P) - - COTTON PYGMY-GOOSE P Nettapus coromandelianus .... I.... SPOT-BILLED DUCK

Anas poecilorhyncha .- -- - - 1 GARGANEY A. querquedula P - -.- -I - f- .------YELLOW-LEGGED BUTTONQUAIL Turnix tanki P 12 -- - - - P - - - -- BARRED BUTTONQUAIL T. suscitator P C C - - - - - BUTTONQUAIL sp. Turnix 2 ------SPECKLED PICULET Picurnnus innominatus FP P P P - -f------WHITE-BROWED PICULET Sasia ochracea PFP ------C - .. -P - - - - f--- GREY-cAPPEDPYGMYWOODPECKER Dendrocopos canicapillus CP P PFCPP P 54 J. W. DUCKWORTH et al. Forktail 13 (1998)

Nam Theun drainage basin I Phou Khao I Xe Nam Noy cat. Xe sites 1 I I Phou I Other Bolovens I Xe Plateau SPECIESI Threat (/J I;!j '" t'" t'" :<1 :<1 Z ABCDEFG Z 0> z z 0 Z 0 :s: :s: 0> 0> 0> 0> '"0 0> Er 0> 0 0 " " 0.. '< P " I:' " 9- P.::<1 P.: :<1 9- 9- 0> . '"0 8 8 I:' 8 " 0.. " 0.. " 0 '< ::r Z Z "Ij "' "' "' 0 S' t"' 0 I;!j t"' :s: 0> 0> 0 " " I:' " '" " " 0> "' " "' ;;S' (Jq Z 9' n " "0> ::r " " Z i;;" t"' ;P " I:' en 0> en I:' " I;!j " 0 (Jq '< (Jq '" n I;!j 0> '< "' n " 8 0> ;;S' ;;S' ;p I:' I:' I:' I:' ;p " (Jq

RUFOUS WOODPECKER Geleus brachyurus P 0, P P PP WHITE-BELLIED WOODPECKER DryocojJtlsiO:'1J~rlsJ:L~~. P ARL PI .II~ LESSER YELLOWNAPE

P F FP I I P 10 chlorolophus . .. . e e GREATER YELLOWNAPE e FIO 0 P P 15 P. flavinucha - I PIP P P,~ I I I ~ I YELLOWNAPE SP. P. flavinuchalP. chlorolophus e PP LACEDWOODPECKER P. vittatus 0 01 P PPP II RED~COLLARED WOODPECKER P. rabieri GT I 0 P ~~~.~._~...... ~ ~ ~ .~ BLACK-HEADED WOODPECKER Q1XlII--11' F I 11 P. erythropygius ... GREY-HEADED WOODPECKER I ICI .. 1c:1 P. canus C I [P] COMMON FLAMEBACK 0 DinojJ~urrlj~avanense . ~~-~~--- IP 1" ....,.. "1 I-L. u I ._.. GREATER FLAMEBACK lucidus P 0 PP P P P 15 IPLt:MEBACK SP. D. javanenselC. lucidus e e e P P P e PPP 11,15 PALE-HEADEDWOODPECKER Gecinulus grantia .0 F e P 15 BAYWOODPECKER 10, elFle 0 e Blythipicuspyrrhotis .... II 14,15 BLACK-AND-BUFF WOODPECKER e P 0 P 4 M~i!JlljJre.sj~u!Jularis ~ . 'I"'llL:I"'IP: HEART-SPOTTED WOODPECKER Hemicircus canente PP P PP P PF 4 GREAT SLATY WOODPECKER e FF P P e [P] 15 M ulleripicus pulverul~ntus I-II GREAT BARBET Megalaima virens elF RED-VENTED BARBET 4, M. lagrandie e e e P 14,15 ILINEATEDBARBET P -_.~~M. lineata -- ~ - e e P P Il 1"'I""IFlp e [P] 11,15 GREEN-EARED BARBET M. faiostricta e e e P P PP GOLDEN-THROATEDBARBET M. franklinii 10 BLACK-BROWEDBARBET M. oorti ~ ~- .~ . -~ ~ ~--~ ~ BLUE-THROATED BARBET M. asiatica I IF~~-~l--rlll=:I~..1 P: ~ .~ MOUSTACHEDBARBET iM. incognita e e BLUE-EAREDBARBET M. austral is e e P P F P e COPPERSMITHBARBET M. Le P 11 I

albirostris e e I"'" ~1"'~lp I ~ e P 11,15 ~_~~e :, : HORNBILL Buceros bicornis 0 ARL, BROWN HORNBILL A norrhinus tickelli GNTI C ILFI P 0 10 lie 1"ll(~l"'I" "'j" ..,...... : RUFOUS-NECKED HORNBILL 10 ~c!ros_nip"alel1sisu n GT ~.~.-~- - ~~I ~ -.1 u I ~ -.~ WREATHED HORNBILL III A. undulatus ARLI 0 ILAI P P pi (p)1 10 COMMON HOOPOE P P Upupa epops . . . ~ .. I ORANGE-BREASTED TROGON I II F Harpactes oreskios e ILel e? P e e :Il 'e P I 15 Forktail 13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 55

to Nam Theun drainage basin Phou Khao Xe Nam Noy cat. (/J Xe P}:lOU Other sites Bolovens Xe Plateau SPECIESI Threat Z ABCDEF G Z (/J z z 0 to "tI Z 0 t"" t"" :x '" '" '" '" '" 'd '" '" $: 0 $: 0 (1) §. §. ",. p,. '< P (1) S' 5' '" _. 'd 3 3 (1) 3 (1) p::;; p: :;; 5' 5' '< "" Z .., p,. (1) p,. (1) i" 0 t"" 0 to t"" '" Z "I1 (D .., (D .., 0 S' c "tI c (1) $: .., '" 0 :r: rl n '" (1) ",. .., os' :x (JQ z OS" S' c '" "" (1) :x (1) rl t"" >- ",. en '" en (1) to Z (1) 0 (JQ rl (JQ to '" '< "tI "tI n 8 '<'" OS' >- n c OS' >- (1) (JQ

RED-HEADED TROGON Harpactes erythrocephalus CCC P CPP P C IS ,...... U ...... INDIAN ROLLER lIP] ...... 1,6; Coracias benghalensis F 0 0 P P CCP 'uu .... U - - -...... - PPP P 11,15 Iu - ...... - ...... 1-- _C --'.- DOLLARBIRD Eurystomus orientalis P LF CC P CCPP PF C CC I...... ,...... BLYTH'S KINGFISHER Alcedo hercules GT LC P ...... P , .... .--. -" ...... ,..... - ,. COMMON KINGFISHER 1,2,3, A. atthis CF PC C P CCC PP ... P PPP PP ..... "' .. [P] 11,15 BLUE-EARED KINGFISHER ,...... 0 P P PP A. menintinf . "...... P II I ,...... I"" ,...... ,..... ORIENTAL DWARF KINGFISHER P Ceyx _erithacus - - ... P P 1-- ,. ".. - -" . ---I- - -- ,, ------... .-.-. BANDEDKINGFISHER I-- Lacedo pulchella 0 0 F P P CF P ...... PC 1 /...... I...... STORK-BILLED KINGFISHER Halcyon capensis F LF P P 0 PC P ...... CCC 8 , I...... WHITE-THROATED KINGFISHER LA F .. LC P P CCCC P C A 81 H. smyrnensis -- .-. ...P.... --- -. .- u. '-.,- --- ._". -..-." In -- - - 1- ... BLACK-CAPPED KINGFISHER H.pileata. LC LC C LF F P P CCCCC 8,15 Ir;;';;'; Megaceryle lugubris LC 0 P 0 PP C IS ...... - ...... -. .. PIED KINGFISHER Ceryle rudis ARL ...... P \...... """"' ...... BLUE-BEARDED BEE-EATER C LF CP Nyctyornis atherroni ... F PPPP CPP IS ...... GREEN BEE-EATER \...... ,.... 0 0 FC PP PPP C Merops orientalis ". - -- - !- \... .- -- .- - ...... -- -- -. CHESTNUT-HEADED BEE-EATER M. leschenaulti C F P F ...... CPCC C C C C C IS II-C ,..... 1 ...... CHESTNUT-WINGED CUCKOO Clamator coromandus P .. ,...... LARGE HAWK CUCKOO Hierococcyx sparverioides PP P ..... ,...... \...... - HODGSON'S HAWK CUCKOO H. fugax P P ...... ,...... I I ...... INDIAN CUCKOO

Cuculus micrq,1!£e;U! CCCPP.... C C FP C P P P AC 4, I() -"" ,,,.. - C...... " --- 1-- ... --- -- ORIENTAL CUCKOO C. satUratus P ...... [P] ...... , \...... , ... ORIENTAIiEuRASIAN CUCKOO C. saturatUslC. canorus P ... [P] ...... 1. g .. ,...... LESSER CUCKOO C. poliocephalus P .". ..-. 1- -- .-. ... -. - -- .------,,- -- .- - --.-- - .. -. BANDED BAY CUCKOO Cacomantis sonneratii C CF P ...... PP P P I...... f' I[p] 2,4,14 PLAINTIVE C. merulinus CC C ...... C C CCI ...... ,- I...... ASIAN EMERALD CUCKOO Chrysococcyx maculatus P ...... ,...... VIOLET CUCKOO C. P PP ...... ,...... ,...... \...... ASIANi:i;,;n" 'v,"", vvc.,,-vv P C. macula!usIC. xcmthorhyn.chus" 1,--- ,,- .._- f-- . - ... .- '- -. _. .... ------.. ------.-- DRONGO CUCKOO 1-- Surniculus lugubris C C PP C 0 CCCP PP P CC ...... ,..... ,...... ,...... 2,4,15 ASIAN KOEL LC P Eudynamys scolopacea ...... P P P FP CP I. ,...... GREEN-BILLED MALKOHA ... Ii, Phaenicophaeus tristis C CCP P -' ----...." .. f'- --CPCC- _. FC CFC C P P 14,15 ,--- "-- -" I - I..... - ..." -- r-' ' - CORAL-BILLEDGROUND CUCKOO 10, Carpococcyx renauldi GNT F LF P P [IS] GREATERCOUCAL Cemropus sinensis C LF C C C ...... "" ' C C CCC CP CC 1,6,4 IC ...... 1- ..... _n. .... r" - LESSER COUCAL C. bengalensis P PP PP 1,2 56 J. W. DUCKWORTH et aI. Forktail 13 (1998)

1;0 N am Theun drainage basin Phou Khao Xe Nam Noy cat. [/) Xe Phou IOther ~ sites Bolovens Xe Plateau SPECIES / Threat "0 z AB CDEF G Z z z 0 1;0 2:: t'" 2:: t'" ~ §. §. "' "' '"~ 'd "' S' ~ Q 0 0 rP '" ~ rP ::; rP p; ~ p; e- e- "' l SS s ;r p.. rP p.. ::; I ~ I" o '" e, -g. Z Z >Ij ,.., Pi 0 s' t'" 0 1;0 "' 0 :r: ,.., " " g "0 t'" 2:: ,::: ~ ,.., 8' n rP '" OS' ~ ~ ::; z g § ::r ::; rP rP OQ 1;0 Z [ t'" ;» ~ "' "0 rP 0 '" OQ '" ~ OQ "0 n 1;0 "' ~ '" OS' n ,::: 0 "' OS' ;» ::; ::; ::; ::; ;» rP OQ

VERNAL HANGING PARROT Loriculus vernalis C C PPPC C C C 15 ...... C II ALEXANDRINE PARAKEET 0 !.si.t!a.C1A:.la-eup'!..tria ~~ I [11] GREY-HEADED PARAKEET C PC P Pk P P. finschii ...... BLOSSOM-HEADED PARAKEET P. roseata.------I C I - -1---1- RIm-BREASTED PARAKEET P. alexandri P SWIFTLET sp. Collocalia PC ...... C C C a WHITE-THROATED NEEDLETAIL P !!~runcl'3:p"u!_cau3Clcu.!u.L ------1-- SILVER-BACKED NEEDLETAIL H. cochinchinensis [p]1 P BROWN-BACKEDNEEDLETAIL PC P P C C C F P Ill' giganteu.s NEEDLETAILsp. P Hirunda.P..us_- - - -- .. 4 1- --- ,ASIANPALM SWIFT P F F P Cypsiurus balasiensis I C, FORIZ-TAILEDSWIFT Apusf'a.c£jicus C C P F P HOUSE SWIFT A. a a F piP

coronata

Phodilus badius ------a C C I[F] MOUNTAIN SCOPS OWL Otus IC CC C P

O. sunia C P P COLLARED SCOPS OWL O. bakkamoena C C P C - -- - - C IX-! PI -1- [SPOT-BELLIED EAGLE OWL ,Bubo nipalensis] GNT [P] TAWNY FISH OWL ~e!.u~fl!,vJf'es - - - _

G. cuculoides C I Lei C C CC C C C BROWN HAWK OWL Ninox scutulata C ILCI C C C UAVAN FROGMOUTH Batrachostomus javensis] I[p] GREAT EARED NIGHTJAR Eurostopodus macro tis C ILAI C Alc P GREY NIGHTJAR Caprimulgus indicus P '-G:;GE=-T~-;-LE;;NIGI-I:;'J~R C. macrurus CP P C

C. affinis] I[p] I ROCK PIGEON (FERAL) Columba livia ------j - PALE-CAPPED PIGEON C. punicea...... GTI I P I ORIENTAL TURTLE DOVE Streptopelia oriemalis LCI P PP SPOTTEDDOVE S. chinensis LCI P P C P Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 57

Nam Theun drainage basin I Phou Khao I Xe Nam Noy cat. Xe II ,. Phou I OtherSItes Bolovens I Xe I Plateau SPECIESI Threat Z AB C DEFG Z CI:> 0 t!:j "C Z 0 r< :x: DO DO DO ZZ DO !;' 0 " '< DO DO '0" =' S' DO 50 I<"DO -.p.. '0 3 3 =' " 3 " 0: 0:" :;>i 50 & '< ::r Z Z '11 .... p...... " p...... 0 S' 0 r< 0 t!:j r< DO DO 0 :I: " " =' S "C s:: " DO .... :x: IJQ z ;.; S' () s:: =' (! s: " ;;;. :x: " Z rl r< ;:J> I<" DO '" =, " t!:j " 0 IJQ '< rl IJQ "C () t!:j DO '< "C () s:: 0 DO ;;;. ;;;. ;:J> =' =' =' ;:J> " IJQ ='

RED COLLAREDDoVE Streptopelia tranquebarica C PIP -II I I DOVEsp. 2 Sn:!..Ptope/~ - ---~-- --.- -.--- -.~-_-L- I - LP --.-.------1 ' --.- -- BARREDCUCKOODOVE ftt1.acropy~a urlc~lI- ~-- -~ - -. -<-- P--1 ---' ~- .-- -. -. .s-I-C -- ..- -- -- EMERALD DOVE ~_C P F FCF [P] C~/cophaps indica - - - -j - -~t ~LC -1 1- +-1 I:..Ct- -. - -. -.- -- ORANGE-BREASTED GREEN PIGEON Treron bicincta ------.-..- -. - -. - .-- -. - - - .- - THICK-BILLED GREEN PIGEON P P T. curviro!,tra- -- ~-~J!-S:L!'LP -1- -1-1 -J .1- -I I P I-CI-JI!'J. -- YELLOW-FOOTEDGREENPIGEON T. phoenicoptera ARL F 1- -. -. -.~. - ~I s: L L-+ - - PIN-TAILEDGREENPIGEON- -I-I PC PPP P C p T.3-pi~aUt!a- - -- -I p-I !'-I - -.- .- -.--- - -. -. - .- -. -. - .- ..-- - YELLOW-VENTEDGREENPIGEON P P 8 T. seimundi -- GNT_. --, - .- - .-. - - - .- - -. _.- .- -. --. - - WEDGE-TAILEDGREENPIGEON T. sphenura 10 - - 1 ~~~-I \--f--+- - -f-I-'-- --.-- - --. - .-- - WHITE-BElliED G REEN PIGEcm-- T. sieboldii GNT P ... '...... 1 GREEN PIGEON sp. Treron P F C CCCC 14 - --+--1- -- F-I- I CI_!' -I

GREEN IMPERIAL PIGEON Duculaaenea ARL 0 0 0 C P -- .-.' - . - - -- -. - .- - -. - .- -. - - - -. -. - .- -. -- .-- - MOUNTAIN IMPERIAL PIGEON D. badia CPC C C C C 15 ------. .-.- - .- --.-- -.-.- -- -.-- -. -.-.- -. - - MASKED FINFOOT P P Heliopais 1Z.ers'!..na!..a -- - - GT - ~ - ~-. - .- -.- - - - WHITE-BREASTED WATERHEN ' -I I' F F PIP C P P A rrzau~rnjs p~oe~cu!,:,s------O-I!'--!-W'-I-!'+-I -I I .- I -j RUDDY-BREASTED CRAKE l Porzana fusca ------[!']I- - I WATERCOCK Gallicrex cinerea P ----.- -'-f- --- .- -. -.- -. ~ ~ - - ~ -. - .- PURPLE SWAMPHEN

Porphyrio pOrf!.h:yrjo -- -- + -1---1 -1---- -.--.- - 2-L--t--W' I---~ .-- COMMON MOORHEN 0 F 0 Gallinula ~hlo!..op,:!! - - -.-- -I-t-!' -.- -, --. I - -. -- .- EURASIANWOODCOCK C Scolopax rusticola IP I WOOD SNIPE Gallinago nemoricola- PINTAIUSWtNHOE'S SNIPE G. sten'!'!aIG.'!'.e.Kal'! - ---!.£L---! -l-- J- -I - I.!' I- COMMONSNIPE G. fIallina!o- SNIPEsp. Gallinago ------~LC1- W' - -. --. - .- jSPOTTED REDSHANK

Tringa erythropus ...- -.. -.. 1. _C COMMON REDSHANK T. totanus MARSHSANDPIPER-- --.- T. stagnatilis ---- COMMON GREENSHANK T. nebularia GREEN SANDPIPER T. ochropus WOOD SANDPIPER T. glareola COMMON SANDPIPER Aeritis iQ'PoteuCIJs_---- TEMMINCK'S STINT Calidris temminckii LoNG-TOED STINT

[ C. subminuta 58 J. W. DUCKWORTH et at. Forktail 13 (1998)

Nam Theun drainage basin I Phou Khao I Xe Nam Noy cat. Xe sites I I Phou I Other Bolovens I Xe Plateau SPECIES/ Threat CIJ Z ABC DEFG Z Z Z 0 t:O "tI Z 0 2:: t"" 2:: t"" :><: ;;; ;;; '" '" '"'" '" '" 1:J '" 5' '" 0 0 (1) ",. P. (1) ::; (1) S- 5:;;; 5: ;;; '" _. 1:J SS 8 (1) S- S- '" ::r Z ::; Z ,.., p. (1)"" p. ,..,(1) 0:;:: 5' 0 t"" 0 t:O t"" '" '" '1'1 :r: ro ro (1) 2:: 0 ::; "tI '" ,.., ,.., :><: g S' " n " (1) (1) OS' :><: (JQ z i;;" ::; '" s: en ::; (1) t:O Z M t"" >- ",. (JQ en '" M (1) (1)'" '"0 '" (JQ "tI "tI n t:O " 8 '" OS' OS' >- n ::; ::; ::; ::; >- (1) (JQ

STINT Calidris , . I IDUNLIN

C. aipina .. ~~~~~-~~,~-~,~ ~ ~.~~ PHEASANT~TAILED JACANA Hydrophasianus chirurgus 1 I. 1 BRONZE-WINGED JACANA Metopidius indicus 1 BLACK~WINGED STILT 0 .. L .1-J1-+-I....1 Himantapus himantopus 1 1 LONG-BILLED PLOVER GNT 0 Charadriusplacidus . I LITTLE RiNGED PLOVER C. dubius F pic I...... 1...... [ ...... 11...1.. .., KENTISHPLOVER C. alexandrinus F RiVERLAPWING Vanellus duvaucelii ARLjLAILA GREY~HEADEDLAPWING V. cinereus GNTIC ~~ .~ RED-WATTLED LAPWING V. indicus LA ORIENTAL PRATINCOLE Glareala maldivarum SMALL PRATINCOLE G. lactea PARL P PALLAS'S GULL Larus ichthyaetus 1 I RiVER TERN I Sterna aurantia ARL 0 P --~_. ~ . --~---~ JERDON'S BAZA A viceda ierdoni GNTIP P I III I A. leuphotes c 0 pip F , I. ORIENTAL HONEY~BUZZARD Pernis p c c F/P/F1P. . 'p F ... 2 clP ~.~.I r1 BLACK~SHOULDERED KITE Elanus caeruleus a F 5 LESSER FISH EAGLE 10.th~o£~ag(l hU111ilis.~_~.. GNT ILC P PPP F 114,15 GREY-HEADED FISH EAGLE P !. IchthyaetusGNT I [P] I LESSER/GREY-HEADED FISH EAGLE I. humilis/!. ichthyaetus GNT P 1 1 WHITE~RUMPED VULTURE Gyps beng.':'le!,!,is.~ . GNT PP RIiD-HEADED VULTURE PP Sarcogyps calvus .... GNT I SHORT-TOED SNAKE EAGLE Circaetus gallicus CRESTED SERPENT EAGLE Spilornis cheela clp p '~r~l c I p p c EURASIAN MARSH HARRIER 1 1 15 Circus aerugin, HEN HARRIER ~~'C)'~a...rl!.uL PIED HARRIER [2], C. melanoleucas ...... _ 3,12 °-111--1-1-1++ ji*_ 1 j...... J-t-i-1 ...J ...1...... 1...... 1 CRESTED GOSHAWK Accipiter trivirgatus PI F I P P P P [P] 2,[15] SHiKRA [2], A. badius CPPPP PPPFPF F FPFP ~-~~~~~ . ~ [P] l] 3,15 CHINESE SPARROWHAWK A. saloensis P . .. a P 9 JAPANESE SPARROWHAWK A. gularis P BESRA I A. virgatus P Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 59

t:I:' Nam Theun drainage basin I Phou Khao Xe sites I Xe Nam Noy cat. II I Phou I Other

Bolovens I Xe I Plateau SPECIES/ Threat ABCDEF G en 0 t:I:' '"C 0 r-< r-< :;; :;; Z Z " I' ZZ Z 3: 0 3: 0 (1) " " r-< "" 'C:I " S' " ". 0. '< (1) ::> (1) So 5::;; 5: :;; So So " _. 'C:I 3 3 ::> 3 (1) 0. (1) 0. (1) I' 0 '< ::r Z Z 'I1 ...... 0 S' 0 t:I:' r-< " 0 ::r: " " S r. (1) 3: " ::> '"C c n " "... ". ... OS' "" Z '" 3 c". ::> ,, ::r ::> " " t:I:' Z >- "" "' '' "" '"C c:J " b '< '"C n c 8 '<" OS' >- n ::> ::> OS' ::> >- (1) "" ::>

[EURASIAN SPARROWHAWK Accipiter nisus] 1 1 -t 1- RUFOUS-WINGED BUZZARD [()]111 [P] ButastUr livemer F P GN~t -~ .-1---.. -I -- - -- GREY-FACED BUZZARD P B. i,,-dicus - - E_I-!'------.---. .---. -----.-.._---- -1--- --.-- -.~ --. COMMON BUZZARD 2,7 Buteo buteo_.~ j;i j . [PL_- , -- 1------.------.-.. - ~- BLACK EAGLE t IctinaetUs malayensis P P P EAGLE sp.

Aquila - ..

F. subbuteo/F. severus --- 14 - --+- --1------PEREGRINE F r r:- F. peregrinus -+-I-f 1..1'- - --- LITTLE GREBE TachybaptUs ruficollis 0 0 (ORIENTAL) DARTER Anhinga m. melanogaster GNT O-+-- I -+-- -1- - LITTLE EGRET P P Egrena garzena p " ;IIIY-fl-I: IGREY HERON ililTITI-r.1 t.!':)IP_- Ardea cinerea PARL I P P P 3,13 PURPLE HERON A. purpurea PARLI P - -.~ GREAT EGRET Casmerodius albus --~-- . ------.~ --f-- 1 /--' '--- .---.-- I P -- INTERMEDIATE EGRET rfIl;j r Mesophoyx imermedia CATTLE EGRET Bubulcus ibis - CHINESE POND HERON Ardeola bacchus pCP ~ p Ltttltl-tH1Et CC - POND HERON sp. 1 t {:. A rdeola Clp P PIO 11,15 LITTLE HERON Butorides striatUs C CPC C p P F F PIC I P 8,15 MALAYAN NIGHT HERON ~. I clcT" Gorsachiusmelanolophu! !,:R ~ ---+------.-- p.J-!- --.- -.~- YELLOW BITTERN P Ixobrychus sirzen.sis ~ ~-- f--I --1 1 -~:~~- _crJ~ r-=~- -+.-I' -I ~ ~ -- - CINNAMON BITTERN 1. Cinnamomeus P P 1 I 1 BLACK BITTERN

Dupetorflavicollis ------I- (WHITE-SHOULDERED) BLACK IBiS Pseudibis papillosa dav~ni GT - ---j-- -1--+--1---+ 1---+--+--+-- GIANT IBIS =-1=- - PPPr 1- P. gigamea GT IT P BLACK STORK Ciconia nigra 0 WOOLLY-NECKED STORK C. episcopus ARL 60 J. W. DUCKWORTH et at. Forktail13 (1998)

Nam Theun drainage basin I Phou Khao I Xe Nam Noy cat. Xe SItes I I Phou I Other Bolovens Xe Plateau SPECIES/ Threat AB CDEFG Z (/j 0 to >-0 Z 0 t-< ;::: t-< :;; :;; '"Z '" '" '"z '"z 'd '" '" ;::: 0 0 ro p.. '< P ro ::> roEr 5- 0::;; 0: :;; 5- 5- '"" . 'd 8 8 ::> 8 ""ro p.. ro p.. ro i"i 0 '< ::; Z Z "'I1 ...... 0 S' C 0 to t-< '" '" 0 ::r: " " ::> g >-0 ro ;:::'" ....ro .... "" Z 8 n ::> '" ro OS' ro to Z ., t-< >- " "" "' '" "' ::> ro to ro 0 '< "" >-0 >-0 n '" 0g '< OS' >- n ::> '" OS' ::> >- ro ""::> ::>

LESSER ADJUTANT GT Leptoptilos Javanicus ------PI , I I EARED PITTA F Pi!taJ'haY"!L__- - -- - ~---- BLUE-NAPED PITTA P. nipalensis GNT BLUE-RUMPED PITTA P. soror GNT --. - RUSTY-NAPED PITTA P. oatesi BLUE PITTA P. cyanea PF P BLUE/EARED PITTA C II I P. 'Y..a.."!.a/!,. R...h_ay.!.e! --- C BAR-BELLIED PITTA P. elliotii GNT I- II 1 ,- IC LC P. sordida I ,- I I BLUE-WINGEDPITTA P. moluccensis------DUSKYBROADBILL F Corydon sumatranus I I~J ~l-~:[P] I BLACK-AND-RED BROAD BILL Cymbzr.l1;Ynchus macrojzynchos 1---1- 1 I .-1-- P I 1'1--1 1-.-- BANDED BROADBILL LF I SILVER-BREASTED BROADBILL pi F p ° P Serilophus lunatus - I - j I I . P I 1 IIII LONG-TAILED BROADBILL p p F p F p p p .--Psarisomus - .- -- dalhousiae -- - p ASIAN FAIRY BLUEBIRD C C 15 Irena puella -- - lPl~c:jP ill' II BLUE-WINGED LEAFBIRD C P PC IS Chloropsis.c()chinchinensi:.. . ~1~t~tI~f~t: GOLDEN-FRONTED LEAFBIRD C 11 C. I +-- 1 -~. ORANGE-BELLIED ~. ~~m~ LC F ,P C. -hardwickii -- I I PI BROWN SHRIKE 1,2,3, CF C LFILFI C P 6,15 If.a.!'~..s.':rist(lt~s_- . .~ BURMESE SHRIKE L. collurioides CCP 1 ,° 1 1 I I I- 1

L. schach P P - -- 1 I I 1 I GREY-BACKED SHRIKE 1 1 111 C C 2,15 L. !ephrono.t1:':.s. -f~--t-- EURASIAN JAY Garrulus - I- - 1 ~- Urocissa P P FF - 1--1 1---

U. whiteheadi GNT ILC I COMMONGREEN MAGPIE CIP P Cissa- chinensis ------IIJ 1---[1] INDOCHINESEGREENMAGPIE rllIIIIIpII'III PP ~:_~YPo.~U(;Cl CJj\JT -_.--- GREYTREEPIE Dendrocitta formosae -- P RACKET-TAILEDTREEPIE Crypsirina temia - ,;:111111II'IlplplI11111 RATCHET-TAILEDTREEPIE 10,[14] Temnurus temnurus LARGE-BILLEDCROW ° IIIII P PPCCC CC I C 111': Corvus- macrorhynchos------ASHYWOODSWALLOW CP P Artamus fuscus - -- Black-naped Oriole Oriolus chinensis (3) CPPP PP Forktail 13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 61

1;):1 Nam Theun drainage basin Phou Khao Xe Nam Noy cat. CI'J Xe Phou Other sites Bolovens Xe Plateau SPECIES/ Threat "0 Z ABCDEFG Z CI'J 0 1;):1 Z 0 r< '" '" OJ OJ OJ OJZ OJZ '0 OJ OJ &: 0 &: b '" ". p,. '" D S''" e- 5: 5: e- e- OJ -. 8 8 D 8 '" p,.'" p,. '" I" 0 '< D' Z Z "I1 ...... 0 S' "0 r< 0 txI r< &: OJ OJ 0 :r: " " D '" OJ ...'" ". ... (JQ Z OJ S' n D' '" 0;' '" txI Z r< ;p ". D OJ '" D '" "0 '" Vi 0 (JQ '< (JQ "0 txI OJ '< n 8 OJ 0;' 0;' ;p n D D D ;p '" (JQ D

SLENDER-BILLED ORIOLE Oriolus tenuirostris P ...... I...... BLACK-NAPED/SLENDER-BILLED ORIOLE O. chinensis/O. tenuirostris FP PP -- _... .. -_.. ..- ..... 1-- - f--. -- I-- - -- _.. - _...... -.- .... _.._ . 1- - _.. BLACK-HOODED ORIOLE O. xanthornus C P C PP ...... I...... 1...... I...... """"1- MAROON ORIOLE O. traillii F LC C LC P PCC C - ...... - ...... 10,15 I..... 1- I...... LARGE CUCKOOSHRIKE Coracina macei C LC F P C CCPPPC P P 15 ...... I...... I...... INDOCHINESE CUCKOOSHRIKE C. polioptera F CC P ...... I...... 1...... I...... BLACK-WINGED CUCKOOSHRIKE

Coracina n:..elanoptera ------1-- - f-- -- f-- .- _._- 1- - -- - SWINHOE'S MINIVET Pericrocotus canwnensis GNT 0 ...... I...... I...... I...... ASHY MINIVET P. divaricatus 0 ...... I..,,, ...... ASHy/SWINHOE'S MINIVET P. divaricatus/P. cantonensis P --- ...- .------... - - ..-. ....--- -.- --. SMALL MINIVET P. cinnamomeus P ...... P GREY-CHINNED MINIVET P. solaris F - .... - - ...... '''..' ...... I ...... - ...... I...... - - --" SCARLET MINIVET CCAPP CP F PCCCC F C P.flammeus ...... 10,14 BAR-WINGED FLYCATCHER-SHRIKE H emipus pic at us ...... I...... WHITE-THROATED FANTAIL LC C P 0 PCCP CC 14 Rlzjpidura albicollis _._- - - .-.- 1---. .- 1------..- _..- BLACK DRONGO Dicrurus macrocercus FCC P PP 1,3 ...... -...... I...... ASHY DRONGO 2,4,6,11 CCCC P C P CCCCC C C PPPPP 14,15 D.leucopaeus -. -...... - ...... 1.- ..- .- ...... CROW-BILLED DRONGO D. annectans P P P ...... -.. -. ..-. --.. ..- BRONZED DRONGO PCPP D. aeneus ...... PCC CPPCC CC C 10,14 LESSER RACKET-TAILED DRONGO

Dicrurus mifer - ._ ------. -- SPANGLED DRONGO D. hottentottus C F P PPP P C C F CP FPCPCC ...... 2,6,15 ...... I...... dIUiATERRAcKET-TAILED DRONGO

Dicrurus paradiseus ...... BLACK-NAPED MONARCH 2,6, C C C PCCPPCC PCC F CC P C 11,15 Hypothymis a:!:lrea -- - -f-- ... --.. ..- - I--" _... - ..- I-'" -- -- - ASIAN PARADISE-FLYCATCHER FF C? P P P PPP !.erpsipho,,:e_paradisi ...... COMMON lORA Aegithina tiphia F P C C 6 ...... ,"" ...... I...... GREAT lORA A. lafresnayei FC a P P I...... I...... LARGE WOODSHRIKE C LA A P PP ...... S...... 10,14 : gularis 1 I.....""" ICMMON P P T. pondicerian1!!...... - --. ..- - - - - 1--.. ------BROWN DIPPER Cinclus pallasii PARL 0 F ...... I...... WHITE-THROATED ROCK THRUSH P P Monticola gularis ...... BLUE ROCK THRUSH M. solitarius LC C 0 C PC FFFF C Pk P 4,8,15 -_.. - 1-- --.. -.. -_.. -- -- f-.. -- - f-_..- -.. ... 1..-- -.- -... - 1- BLUE WHISTLING THRUSH C C C C P LF P LF P P C C LC C CP 0 14,15 Myophonus caer,:deus ...... ORANGE-HEADEDTHRUSH P Zootheracitrina PP ...... 1- ...... -.. - .- ...... - ...... - ...... 1- .- .... 1 ...... SIBERIAN THRUSH Z. sibirica P 62 J. W. DUCKWORTH et at. Forktail13 (1998)

tJj Nam Theun drainage basin I Phou Khao Xe sites I Xe Nam Noy cat. I I I Phou I Other Bolovens I Xe Plateau SPECIES I Threat VJ tJj '"0 :>< Z A BCDEFG Z z z 0 Z 0 t"'0 0t"' " :1, '" '""'" '" '" '0 '" '" '" ".'" p.. P '" :; '"Er 9- P.: P.: 9- 9- '" , '0 8 8 :; 8 '""" p.. '"""p.. '" I" 0 '"" ::r Z Z "Ij ...... 0 S' t"' 0 tJj t"' ....'" '" 0 :r: " " :; S '"0 <= n '" '" '" .... p;' :>< (JQ Z S' <= :; '" s: "' :; :><'" '" tJj Z '" t"' ;J> ". (JQ '" tJj '" 0 '"" (JQ '"0 n '"" '"0 n '" 8 '" p;' p;' ;J> <= ,:; :; :; :; ;J> '" (JQ

SCALY THRUSH Zoothera dauma C 15 DARK-SIDED THRUSH LFI C P LO.:_rnarginata . BLACK-BREASTED THRUSH Turdus dissimilis GNTIO II THRUSH

0 -. I'T. cardis . 1- I u u I-.. I I. I I EURASIAN BLACKBIRD T. merula .C C 0 15 C ILCI II I GREY-SIDEDTHRUSH I . I 1 1'7'. jeae...... GTIO II I. I I EYEBROWED THRUSH T. obscurus F P P DARK-SIDED FLYCATCHER P Muscicapa sibirica FPCP ASIAN BROWN FLYCATCHER I=" PCPP M. dauurica PP F F P PI 1 FERRUGINOUS FLYCATCHER 0 M.jerru:lI,,!ea YELLOW-RUMPED P .I.un Picedulazanzhopygia .. . II I II ~UGIMAKIFLYCATCHER PC F. mugimaki PP I RED-THROATEDFLYCATCHER C C PCIP I Ip I P C 11,2,6,8,15 F. parva I C LF 0 I C LC ILC I C I IC WHITE-GORGETEDFLYCATCHER F. P C I. 1 I I SNOWY-BROWED P F. hy.p!.']!thra . ...._.._---- . lu_~n \- . LITTLE PIED FLYCATCHER F. westermanni P .. 1,0 BLUE-AND-WHITE FLYCATCHER CP P Cyanoptila cyanomelana I. VERDITER FLYCATCHER P C PP Eumyias thalassina FI C . Puf.12, 11 SMALL NILTAVA Niltava P ..1 III I I II

.-N.. davidi- - - .. - ... - . - GN;I- --. . [P] ~l~1 PI I --+.-- W.H I T-E-TAILED Fi Yc-. ~TCHER LC P Cyornis. concretus...... I I I ' 14,15 [ ...... II PI HAINANBLUE. F CIC C PF P P C. hainanus I II I 15 PALEBLUE FLYCATCHER C C. unicolor . .. .. u -.------0 1-- BLUE-THROATED FLYCATCHER rubeculoides ' I J j I I I I.. I C P P C. banyum'3~/C?,tickelliae -- LCIr::J-r::1 IXj P C C ,.r::IC I r::-I . ._. ..2,11 GREY-HEADED CANARYFLYCATCHER 1,2,6, CI , 10,11,14 Culicicapaceylonensis ..I C II RUFOUS-TAILED ROBIN Luscinia sz'bilans P

1,2 l~:_c..alli'?p"e- .. BLUETHROAT L. svecica SIBERIAN BLUE ROBIN L. cyane ORANGE-FLANKED BUSH ROBIN .Tarsige,:.cyanu."!5.uu . ORIENTAL MAGPIE ROBIN Copsychus saularis WHITE-RUMPED SHAMA C, malabaricus DAURIAN REDSTART Phoenicurus auroreus Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 63

t:!:1 Nam Theun drainage basin Phou Khao Xe Nam Noy cat. C/) Xe Phou Other sites Bolovens Xe Plateau SPECIES/ Threat Z ABCDEF G Z C/) :;<: Z Z 0 t:!:1 '" Z 0 t"" t"" >: ., ., ., ., ., '0 ., ., :s: 0:s: 0 " :.- 0. '< t"" " ::s Er e- is.: is.: ., _. '0 3 3 ::s " 3 " 0. " 0. " :;<: e- e- '< ::r Z Z "I1 '1 '1 '1 0 S. 0 r. 0 t:!:1 t"" :s: ., ., :r: " " ::s S '" c " ., ..," 0.., 0;. >: IJQ Z ., 3 n c ::s ., !;= " >: " t:!:1 Z ... t"" » :.- IJQ '" ., ...'" ::s " t:!:1 "., 0 '< IJQ '" ", n '<., 0;' » n c "::s ::s 0;. ::s » " IJQ ::s

WHITE-CAPPEDWATERREDSTART

Chaimarrornisleucocephalus ,.... - .- - ...-...... - .... PLUMBEOUS WATER REDSTART 0 0 0 P C 15 Rhyacornisjuligjrzosus ------WHITE-TAILED ROBIN P Myiomela leucura ...... P ...... I...... SLATY-BACKED FORKTAIL Enicurus schisraceus LC LC C 0 P P P C C 15 ------WHITE-CROWNED FORKTAIL E. leschenaulti LC LC P ------0 0 GREEN COCHOA Cochoa viridis GNT LC - - ...... [0] ...... 1- 1 ...... I.... I...... I...... COMMON STONECHAT 1,2, - C LF C P LF C PF 0 C 3,11 S'!xico!a rorguata - -- f------I - - r-- - r- - r--- r------PIED BUSHCHAT S. caprata P [11] - - - 1- - - ...... GREY BUSHCHAT C LC PA 0 P S. ferrea ------2,8 CHESTNUT-TAILED STARLING Sturnus malabaricus P 1 ------1------BLACK-COLLARED STARLING C F P CCCCCPCC 3,11 nigricollis.. ------. - - 1-- VINOUS-BREASTED STARLING S. burmannicus -- CCP PC -- - 1- 1- COMMON MYNA Acridotheres tristis 0 I...... 1,2,3 WHITE-VENTED MYNA A. cinereus LC LC P PP CPCP [F) 3 ------I- - CRESTED MYNA A. cristatellus 0 - - - -- 1------I-' -. ------GOWEN-CRESTED MYNA

-.PARL -- - PPPP A_mpeeps !oronatus ------.- .. .- - -j- - .------HILL MYNA CCP C FFFF CCCCP 15 Gracula--- religiosa ------CHESTNUT-VENTED NUTHATCH P Sitta nagae,.,sis ------CHESTNUT-BELLIED NUTHATCH S. castanea PP P F ------.------VELVET-FRONTED NUTHATCH C FF P P P 0 P PP C P C P S. frontalis ------[PI - GREAT TIT P Parus major------YELLOW-CHEEKED TIT P. spilonocus P ...... - ... SULTAN TIT Melanochlora sultanea CCC P CPP 15 ------1--- -- BLACK-THROATED TIT Aegitlos ClJncus C ------I- -- I------SAND/PALE MARTIN Riparia riparia/R. diluta P P -- ...... -1-- - ..... 1- DUSKY CRAG MARTIN Hirundo concolor P -- --- [PI -- [P] ------2,4 BARN SWALLOW 1,3, H. rustica LC 0 P C C 0 PPC C Pk P P LC C 6,15 -- ...... -.- - -. -- ..... - 1- - 1-- .------WIRE-TAILED SWALLOW H. smithii PARL LA LC LC PPFPPP ------1------RED-RUMPED SWALLOW H. daurica 0 P FFFCCC P ------I. - -- I------STRIATED SWALLOW H. striolata F FP CPP ------F C 2 1------RED-RUMPED/STRIATED SWALLOW H. daurica/H. striolata P 4,8,11 ------I------I------NORTHERNHOUSEMARTIN Delichonurbica 0 ...... I...... I...... ASIAN HOUSE MARTIN P P C D. dasypus ------NORTHERN/AsIAN HOUSE MARTIN Delichon urbica/dasypus N 64 J. W. DUCKWORTH et at. Forktail 13 (1998)

t:Ii Nam Theun drainage basin Phou Khao Xe Nam Noy cat. C/) Xe Phou Other sites Bolovens Xe Plateau SPECIES/ Threat Z ABCDEFG Z C/) :r:: 0 t:Ii '1;j Z 0 r' :;; §. OJ OJ OJ OJzOJ z '1:j OJ OJ 0 !;' " :>;" p. '< r' ,, ::! S. & 5: :;; 5: :;; && OJ . '1:j SS ::! " S " P. " p. " :r:: 0 '< ::r Z >-t >-t S' 0 t:Ii r' OJ Z 'I1 .., 0 '1;j r. " >-t OJ 0 ::r: " " ::! g S n OJ " ".., S. " "" Z .,rl » :>;" ::! OJ '" ::! " tI:1 Z " !;' "" '" OJ rl "" '1;j t:Ii OJ '< '< '1;j n 8 OJ s' » n ::! S' ::! » " ""::! ::!

NEPAL HOUSE MARTIN LC FC 4 Deliehon nipalensis ...... ""...... I ...... 1 """""'.' ...... IP BLACK-HEADED BULBUL LC P P Pyonos at/jeeps -- - .------I' El- BLACK-CRESTED BULBUL P. melanicterus CCCCPPPPPP P l' PC C ...... I ...... I...... 1' .1' ...... [P] ...... 2,4,11 RED-WHISKERED BULBUL 1,2,11 C P PA C PCC C LA 14,15 P.- joeosus ------I- - - I------I- I-- -- [BROWN-BREASTED BULBUL P. xanthorrhous] [P] ...... "'...... I...... SOOTY-HEADED BULBUL C CC C PCP 2 Prigaste - -- -- f------1-- STRiPE-THROATED BULBUL C LC PCP C F PP P. firllayso..ni ------1------1---- STREAK-EARED BULBUL Ck PCP P. blanflJ!.di ------I------, ------PUFF-THROATED BULBUL c: P c CCC c: P C P C c: 14,15 Alophoixus pallidus .....CIf\...... :...... C ...... C ...... GREY-EYED BULBUL 2, Iol"..P.ropinqua - CCCC PPCPPCC CC P C 14,15 ASHYBULBUL Hemixos flavala C LF PC P C ......

Hypsipetes mec/ellandii P 10 ------f-- - C- .- -- .- - -- BLACK BULBUL CPPPP P? 2 H. leueoeephalus (4) ...... - BLACK BULBuL H. leueoeephalus (-- ---. - -FPPP ------. .--- --.. --- -. .- -- --..--P? -- C C ------.. -.. --- -.P -- -..- ZITTING CISTICOLA Gistieola juneidis- -.-. ---.-. - ..---. ------3,6 BRiGHT-HEADED CISTICOLA C. exilis 1,3 - .------. -..-. .- 1-- -.- ..------.-- -..- -.- 1--.- .--- .-- -..- -..-. ------... ------BROWN PRiNIA P Prinia polyehroa .- ...... - 1- --- 1- -- .-- -' ..... -. - -1- - n-" HILL PRiNIA P. atrogu!rJ.ris - - - -. ------P .- - - .-- -- ..-- --FCP ------1,2,11 RUFESCENT PRiNIA C A P P P P. ..rufeseens...... ,...... GREY-BREASTED PRiNIA !. hodgsOl'!.ii - -- F C C - P 1,2,11 YELLOW-BELLIED PRiNIA P. flaviventris C P ...... I ..... ,...... I ...... 1- ...... 1...... _...I:? PLAIN PRiNIA P. in ornata P 1,3 ------. - . -. 1.- .--- -..-..- .-- 1--- ..- ...- .- 1------.- [ORiENTAL WHITE-EYE [I] Zosterops palperosusL -- -. - -- 1-- J9 19 JPJ--- I- --- - UAPANESE WHITE-EYE

Z japon:ie,!sL______------.- .-- ..-....- .-...- -....-. --.-.. ---- .-...-- -...- --..-... -...-....---.. -...-- -...-- -...-. -. ------. ....-...-...-..-.. _._._.[2] WHITE-EYE SP. Zosterops C LC C P C C CC P 3 . .- - 1- -- I-..... --- -+ ,.- 1------.1-. I.-. 1------. ... -- - ..- -- . ASIAN STUBTAIL CCC CC 15 Urosphena squ(Jmeiee1'-s --- -. I-P -- .-- 1-.- -- 1-- -- 1------. -- -- -. .-. -. PALE-FOOTED BUSH WARBLER

Gettia pallidipes ,.."..-. P. ---..-...... - CETTIA SP. Gettia P ------BRADYPTERUS SP. Bradypterus P P P -- ...- . .-..-.. 1- - ....- - 1------1'- --..- LANCEOLATED WARBLER Loeustella laneeolata CPC P C P 2 - -1- - 1------1-- -- 1-- 1-- - .....1 ...... - - ..- [RUSTY-RUMPED WARBLER [2] .L. ehi°t:!l ------.- I- - .------BLACK-BROWED REED WARBLER er(}.c.phausistl"i..e1>!.._.- ....-...- ..-....--...--.....-....-...-..-...-...... - [BLUNT-WINGED WARBLER A. eoneinens] -- - - -. .------1- -.-. ------.-.. [P] -- 1------[I] THICK-BILLED WARBLER A. aedon P P P P 2 Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 65

t;:j Nam Theun drainage basin Phou Khao Xe Nam Noy cat. en Xe. Phou Other sites Bolovens Xe Plateau SPECIES/Threat ABCDEFG en t;:j "t:J r' Z Z " ZZ 0 ., Z 0 0 0r' §. ., ., '< ., ., '0 S. ., 9- ... "" _.Po '0 ... ::s ... 5: 5: 9- 9- ., a a ::s a ...... Po ... Po ... 0 '< po Z Z 'I1 ...... 0 S. r' 0 t;:j ""., ., 0 ::r: " " ::s S "t:J " t: .... :><: (JQ Z s. n " ., ... "' ;;;. :><: ... r' )- "" ::s .,'" 1f '" ::s ... t;:j Z (JQ ., .... (JQ t;:j .,... '<0 '< "t:J "t:J n 0 ., ;;;. ;;;. )- n " ::s ::s ::s ::s )- ... (JQ

MOUNTAIN TAILORBIRD Orthotomus cuculatus P .-.-. . ------...... --...... _...- -...... ---...... -...-...... -.. -...-...... - ...... -...-.... --- ... --- 1-- -1------I-. -- .... COMMON TAILORBIRD O. sutorius C P C C PPPPC 1,2 --- .--. - - - I- DARK-NECKED TAILORBIRD CFCPP P O. atrogularis ...... -... CC CPPPC 12,14 DUSKY WARBLER 1,2,3, C LC C P P P Pk P P!!ylloscopus fuscatus - -- 6,10 RADDE'S WARBLER 1, P. schwarzi C P LC C P C FF 2,3,6 ...... 1 ...... <:;...... 1 ...... LEMON.RUMPED/PAlLAS'S LEAp WARBLER Phylloscopus chloronotus/proregulus YELLOW-BROWED WARBLER 1,2,3,6, ----P. inornatus CAAACCCP C C C C 8,14,15 ARCTIC WARBLER P. borealis P ---.---. .--- ...-.-. .-....- .-.-. ..- -. -- .- ...-.. -. ..-...... --.. ...--.- ..-- .....- -. ..-.- ....-. . .--- -. --.... -...... ----.. ---... GREENISH WARBLER CFFCPP C F C C C Ck C 2,6 P. trochiloides(6) - -. 1-- ...... 1.--...... 1-.-.. --- .--- PALE-LEGGED LEAF WARBLER enellipes CPFP C PC P 6 EASTERN CROWNED WARBLER P. coronatus 0 P -.--.----. +--- -- 1--. --.-.. BLYTH'S LEAF WARBLER CCCPFP CC C J>: regulod"-s (7) . -- - -- I...... YELLOW-VENTED WARBLER --P. cantator GNT ------P - - - - .- -[PI - - SULPHUR-BREASTED WARBLER 0 P. ricketti...... 0 PP LEAF-WARBLER SP. Aphylloscopus (8) CC GOLDEN-SPECTACLEDWARBLER 2,6, Seicercus burkii FCC PP C CF C 10,14 ..-...... 1...... -. --.. [GREY-CHEEKED WARBLER

S. poliogenysL. --.- ..------. ------. ------. -. l!'l ------CHESTNUT-CROWNED WARBLER p §:. casranicp,-___-- -- - 1--. --- -....- 1--.. ..- -. . -- -- . .-- - RUFOUS-FACED WARBLER LC C 10 Abroscopus albog1ilaris ...... [PI YELLOW-BElLIED WARBLER 10, A. superciliaris C LA C P LC CC C P .-14,15 - STRIATED GRASSBIRD 1,3 ...... I...... I...... ,...... WHITE-CRESTED LAUGHINGTHRUSH CFCPC PP [PI C CC C C CCCCCPC 11,15 Qarrulax leucoloph":!.... -. r--- .. I- ...-- - I--- - . - .-- - . ------LEsSER NECKlACED LAUGHINGTHRUSH P !}. monileger -.- . - .. -. .-. - . - -. 11 GREATERNECKLACED LAUGHINGTHRUSH G. pectoralis P P 10 -. ----.---.-.--- -. --.. 1-. -- ..-- -. 1--. --.. .-- .- .-- -....- -- -- ....-.....-...... -...... -...... -.- ...... - --... .-..-- ...-- -...-.- ---._- GREY UUGHINGTHRUSH G. maesi GNT LC - ---.--- ..- -. .- -- -.- - --. -- .------BLACK-THROATEDLAUGHINGTHRUSH G. chinensis P PP P P - ..-...... I-. 1..-- .- - ,_...... WHITE.CHEEKED LAUGHINGTHRUSH G. vassali . - .....- -.- --- ..-. ------.- -- - -.-- -.. .- -.- --F - ABBOTT'S BABBLER Malacocincla abbotti [C] 6 - -- 1.-- - c- - -- .1- . BUFF-BREASTED BABBLER Pellorneum tickelli CCCCPP P C LC P PC C C C -- - I- - - -- .- -. ------14,15 SPOT-THROATED BABBLER P. albiventre P ...... I...... I...... 1 .... PUFF-THROATED BABBLER P 0 0 C P P P P P. ruficeps PC P -. - -.- SCALY-CROWNEDBABBLER Mal.acpteron cinereurn ...... LF LC P C ...... --15 LARGESCIMITAR BABBLER F C P P P PPP Pomatorhin"'!. hYf!!1leu,-__. - 1---- .-- ...- r.. ------.- .--- - -.. WHITE.BROWEDSCIMITAR BABBLER P.schisliceps [PI [PI [C] [PI P PP P 66 1. W. DUCKWORTH et at.

Nam Theun drainage basin Phou Khao Xe Nam Noy cat,

Bolovens Plateau SPECIES / Threat z A B C D E FG z [/) z z 0 t;O '"C z 0 " " '-"" ~ " " "0 " S' "7<" &. "0 3 3 (1) i:I (1) 8 (1)So '-" iT Z i:I Z "'I1 .., t-< 0 t;O t-< " " 0 :r: '"C " (1) ;;: .., 7<" .., 8' n " " (1) iT 0;' ~ t-< ;p 7<" i:I " i:I (1) [JQ ~ g [JQ " g '-"0 '-" 0 " " i:I i:I (1) [JQ

STREAK-BREASTED SCIMITAR BABBLER Pomatorhinus I[P] I[P] I C P FF

1

C CCC P

P I[P]

C P ~-~

LF PP F

GT LC I 1 C C P P LC F ---, I P C P P

AIC P CC C F C C ILl ci C C GNT" I I II I I I' P Timalia pileata ,, I I 1 I YELLOW-EYED BABBLER

g!z1]!SOrrzrrz'!~0!..n.!.e - - - ~,~,~ -. -- - ~+- SILVER-EARED MESIA P Leiothrix argentauris I ' I I I II WHITE-BROWED SHRIKE BABBLER P Pteru0J,:,sflaviscapis - 1---1"",- I. BLACK-EARED SHRlKE BABBLER P. melanotis P CHESTNUT-FRONTED SHRIKE BABBLER P. aenobarbus P WHITE-HOODED BABBLER C C P Lci C? P P -C;'!rnPS{J!hzn~~,:,s_,,:,Lu{u.!._- -- 1--+ 'BLUE-WINGED MINLA F Minla cyanouroptera , II I RUFOUS-THROATED FULVETTA P P C 1~lciPperuL{)i;',:,lari~ CJJ'-J'I'ILCI LCI A I

~'po~{)~c!.£.h_ala ~--- - 0 0 OIC MOUNTAIN FULVETTA

A.: peracensis ,, C GREY-CHEEKED FULVETTA A. morrisonia P 0 STRlATED YUHINA Yuhina 0 0 1 IIP WHITE-BELLIED YUHINA Y. zantholeuca C C C P PIC C P P P , ,, PIC GREY-HEADED PARROTBILL

~tl.r(lcl()",-o_rr1:is.f,:,~a_rz~ -- ,. -- A UST RA LASIAN BUSHLARK P !vIirafra"", "", "" """, """ javanica" " " , " "", ", ", "" """ """, "", "',,', I" n - M. assamica P THICK-BILLED FLOWERPECKER pjcaeum _affi{:.~__~- - . -- P P YELLOW-VENTED FLOWERPECKER D. chrysorrheum P P P P PLAIN FLOWERPECKER D. concolor P P P -----.- -!'-1- FIRE-BREASTED FLOWERPECKER D. ignipectus P C Forktail13 (1998) Bird records from Laos, October 1994 - August 1995 67

I;1j Nam Theun drainage basin Phou Khao Xe Nam Nay cat. C/J Xe Phou Other :E1 sites Bolovens Xe Plateau SPECIES/ Threat Z ABC DEFG Z "C/J :r:: z z 0 I;1j '"0 Z 0 t-< t-< ><: :;; :;; " " '< t-< "" 'd " S' " 0 0 " " 0._. 'd 3 3 " ::: " 3 6- Q; :;;Q; :;; 6- 6- '< ::r Z ::: ..." 0. " 0. " :r:: 0 t-< 0 t-< " Z 'Ij ...... 0 S' c '"0 I;1j " ... " 0 :r: " " ::: M S' c n c " " " ... OJ' ><: "" Z M'" ::: ::r " ::: ><: " Z " t-< :;p " "" " Mon " 1;1j " 0 '< "" '"0 '"0 n I;1j c 8 '<" OJ' :;p n ::: ::: OJ' ::: :;p " "" :::

SCARLET-BACKED FLOWERPECKER Dicaeum cruentatum P PP Pk P ...... 1,6 FLOWERPECKERSPP. Dicaeum C C CC P ------. - - ..... - -.- I.. - - - .-- ...... -- .- ... BROWN-THROATED SUNBIRD 1.- Anthreptes malacensis ...... 1 RUBY-CHEEKED SUNBIRD A. singalensis PP C C P PP ...... - PURPLE-NAPED SUNBIRD FFF P ... C C C Hypogramma hypogrammicum ...... OLIVE-BACKED SUNBIRD Nectarinia jugularis P ...... FP P P 6 I.... I...... PURPLE SUNBIRD N. asiatica P -- -- ...... I...... - ... -. .-- --- ..- - OLIVE-BACKED/PURPLE SUNBIRD N. jugularis/N. asiatica C ...... 1 ... I...... I...... MRS GOULD'S SUNBIRD I

Aethopyga gouldiae C ...... 1 ...... I...... BLACK-THROATED SUNBIRD A. saturata P F P PPPP P C -- - -...... _...... - -. - - 14 CRIMSON SUNBIRD

...... PP C P PPP A. siparaja I'...... I[P] 2,11 LITTLE SPIDERHUNTER P Arachnothera longiro'-trll .-C P C CF P P - I...... - .... - -...... -- 2,11 STREAKED SPIDERHUNTER A. magna P C C P C C P ... 1 ...... PLAIN-BACKED SPARROW I...... Passer peguensis ...... 1, I.' I..... I...... EURASIAN TREE SPARROW P. montanus LC C - -.-. -- - --.- .....C .. C P 1,3,11 I-' - -...... -- - - I... .. ------FOREST WAGTAIL Dendronanthus indicus LF P a ...... I...... WHITE WAGTAIL .... I.... I...... 1,2,3, Motacilla alba C LC P C LF C - ...... a C PPP P LA C 13,15 1- -. I.. - I.'. I" I..... I...... I. ....1. CITRINE WAGTAIL M. citreola - ...... - ...... - .- .... 1,13 YELLOW WAGTAIL 1, M.jlava C F P PP P ...... [1'] ...... [2],3 GREY WAGTAIL 1,2, M. cinerea CCP CCC CCF P .- -. .... _...- - .... . -- ..... - - 11,15 RICHARD'S PIPIT 1,2 Anthus richardi C P P P C P ...... 3,6,8 PADDYFIELD PIPIT A. rufulus ...... 1,3 OLIVE-BACKED PIPIT 1,2, C P LC A C A. hodgsoYli. --- - .. C LC CCC C P 3,4,6 -1- -- - -1- .- RED-THROATED PIPIT A. cervinus P P ...... 1,3 1 I..... I...... I...... PIN-TAILED C -.Erythrura. prasina -. --. -... LC C P P P I...... 1-- ..... - . WHiTE-RUMPED MUNIA Lonchura striata C LF CCP C FF PPCPP ...... 1,15 I...... I.... SCALY-BREASTED MUNIA L. punctulata P P P PP ...... C 1,2,3 I...... , ...... I...... 1 I..... I.... I...... I...... 1 ...... I...... SPOT-WINGED GROSBEAK P MJicerobas,!,!lanozanthos --- -- f--- - - .- 1-.- -.-- .-.. .- -.- .. - .-- .- - -- - CHESTNUT-EARED BUNTING Emberiza fucata ...... 2 LITTLE BUNTING E. pusilla P P ...... YELLOW-BREASTED BUNTING E. aureola ------a P .. 1-- .. - - ...... 1-- -- - .- - CHESTNUT BUNTING E. rutila P CC ...... I ...... BLACK-HEADEDBUNTING E. melanocephala 2

COVERAGE F GGP PP P PFP P PF PPFFPFPF FPPP 68 J. W. DUCKWORTH et at. Forktail13 (1998)

APPENDIX 2

GAZETTEER

Thewlis et al. (in prep.) give co-ordinates and altitudes for most sites and relate map names to locally used names or those in past references. Sites which are cited in this paper, but not in Thewlis et al. (in prep.) are presented in this supplementary gazetteer. Besides geographical co-ordinates, localities are listed according to two biogeographical region classifications; firstly the division of Laos into North (N), Central (C) and South (S) proposed by Delacour and Jabouille (1931) and employed by King et at. (1975); secondly, the classification of MacKinnon and MacKinnon (1986) who divided Laos into the three sub-units of Central Indochina (lOa), North Indochina (lOb) and Annam (5b). Co-ordinates, altitudes, and place name spellings have been standardized to follow the Republique Democratique Populaire Lao Service Geographique D'Etat 1:100,000 map series, except for the Bolaven Plateau, the Mekong and Annamitic chain (which are called Phouphiang Bolaven, Nam Khong and Sayphou Louang, respectively, on the Lao Service Geographique D'Etat 1:100,000 map series).

Locality with geographical co-ordinates Alternative names Biogeographic Altitude/m in past references Subunits Ban Hinngon (18°23'N 104°29'E) N, lOa 450 Ban Katok (18°12'N 104°40'E) C, lOa 440 Ban Lak (28) (18°09'N 104°28'E) C, lOa 180-400 Ban Laophouchai (21°47'N 102°24'E) Lao Fou Chai N, lOb 1,100 Ban Latsen (19°20'N 103°08'E) N, lOb 1,100 Ban Muangliap (18°29'N 101°39'E) Muang Liep; camp 15 N, lOa 200 (Herbert 1920). Ban Namkong (14°59'N 106°35'E) S, lOa 760 Ban Namsanam (18°ll'N 104°33'E) C, lOa 150 Ban Nongset (14°54'N 106°25'E) S, lOa (village) 310 Ban Pak-Hinboun (17°35'N 104°37'E) Pak Hin Boun; C, lOa 155 Muang Hinboun Ban Songhong (17°44'N 104°34'E) C, lOa 170 Ban Thabak (18°14'N 104°40'E) C, lOa 380 Ban Touay (14°50'N 106°57'E) S, lOa 100 Ban Xe Namnoy (15°00'N 106°36'E) S, lOa 760 Ban Xeno (16°40' N 104°59' E) C, lOa 180 Nam Ngom (18°28'-18°40'N 104°21'-104°26'E) N, lOa 400 Nam Sang (18°52'-19°05' N 104°12'-104°16' E) N, lOa, 5b 450-600 Nam Souang Reservoir (marked on map as "Agk. N") (18°15' N 102°27' E) N, lOa 180 Nam Xan (18°23'N-19°08'N 103°39'-103°49'E) N, lOa 160-940 Nikhom 3 (17°42'N 105°15'E) C, lOa 580 Nong Paapak (17°40'N 105°19'E) C, lOa 540 Phou Hai (18°10'N 104°39'E) N, lOa 1,243 Vangviang (18°55' N 102°27' E) N, lOa 200 Xe Pian dam site (15°03' N 106°31' E) S, lOa 780 Xe Banghiang Se Bang Hieng1,2 CIS, 10al5b 130-280 (16°03' - 16°54' N 105°15' - 106°27' E)