European Union Water Initiative Plus for the Eastern Partnership (EUWI+ 4 EaP) - Results 2 and 3

ENI/2016/372-403

BACKGROUND AND CONCEPT PAPER FOR INVESTIGATIVE MONITORING

Investigative Monitoring Report Moldova

Final version

Responsible EU member state consortium project leaders

Alexander Zinke; Umweltbundesamt (AT)

EUWI+ country representative in Moldova

Victor Bujac + Svetlana Stirbu Responsible international thematic lead expert

Philipp Hohenblum, Umweltbundesamt (AT) Authors

Marina Lungu Svetlana Stirbu Victor Bujac Philipp Hohenblum Alexander Zinke Arnulf Schönbauer Daniel Trauner Kristina Schaufler Yannick Pochon Florence Pintus

Disclaimer: The EU-funded program European Union Water Initiative Plus for Eastern Partnership Countries (EUWI+) is im- plemented by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), the Organisation for Economic Co- operation and Development (OECD), both responsible for the implementation of Result 1, and an EU Member States Consortium comprising the Environment Agency Austria (UBA, Austria), the lead coordinator, and the In- ternational Office for Water (IOW, France), both responsible for the implementation of Results 2 and 3. The pro- gram is co-funded by Austria and France through the Austrian Development Agency and the French Artois-Picar- die Water Agency.

This document was produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to reflect the official opinion of the European Union or of the Governments of the Eastern Partnership Countries.

This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of, or sovereignty over, any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries, and to the name of any territory, city or area.

Imprint

Owner and Editor: EU Member State Consortium Umweltbundesamt GmbH Office International de’l Eau (IOW) Spittelauer Lände 5 21/23 rue de Madrid 1090 Vienna, Austria 75008 Paris, FRANCE

Responsible IOW Communication officer: Chloé Dechelette [email protected]

May 2021

Investigative Monitoring Report Moldova

PREFACE

Scope of this document is to address the principles of the EU Water Framework Directive’s concept of investigative monitoring. Part I of the document describes the background and relevant technical details of this concept, which are of general relevance for all countries that intend to carry out this tool in line with the WFD. It describes the agreed concept and fundamentals to establish an investigative monitoring. This part, consequently, is the official basis for the national investigations and are integral part of the relevant contracts which lay down the execution of the practical investigation. Part II addresses specific national considerations, which have been identified in the course of EUWI+. They build the basis for national investigations which were carried out in autumn 2020. Thus, this doc- ument acted as a living document and shall summarize the investigative monitoring process for one EUWI+ country from the first considerations to the final conclusions. Part II was intended to be the template for reporting of national results, conclusions and lessons learnt within the practical investiga- tion. It is integral part of the contracts and lay down the execution of the practical investigation.

Thus, Part II of this document presented a template for reporting after the survey, once the fieldwork was accomplished. The activity concludes with reflections on lessons learnt.

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CONTENTS

Inhalt PREFACE ...... 3 PART I – General Issues ...... 8 1 Scope of the Document ...... 9 2 General Terms and Definitions ,...... 10 3 General Aspects of Investigative Monitoring ...... 12 3.1 Planning and preparedness ...... 12 3.2 Suggested pool of institutions to be involved ...... 12 3.3 Design of concept for investigative monitoring within EUWI+ ...... 13 4 Planned Implementation within EUWI+ ...... 16 4.1 Break down to national requirements, Workshop and practical implementation ...... 16 4.1.1 Identification of national entities ...... 16 4.1.2 Identification of subjects for investigative monitoring ...... 16 4.1.3 Workshop ...... 16 4.1.4 Pilot exercise in EaP countries ...... 17 4.1.5 Data management, evaluation, reporting ...... 17 PART II - National chapter Moldova ...... 19 1 Rationale for an investigative monitoring exercise ...... 21 1.1 Short description of the situation and a rational of survey subject ...... 21 1.2 Selection of sampling sites and parameters to be analysed ...... 21 1.3 Involved institutions, participants of Investigative Monitoring ...... 23 2 Field report ...... 24 2.1 Survey program ...... 24 2.1.1 Selected pilot river basins and sampling sites ...... 24 2.1.2 Sampling period...... 28 2.2 Sampling and field methods ...... 28 2.3 Laboratory analyses ...... 28 2.4 Quality assurance ...... 29 3 Results ...... 30 3.1 Field protocols and hydro-morphological site description ...... 30 3.2 Chemical analyses ...... 30 4 Conclusions ...... 40 5 Lessons Learnt ...... 42 6 Bibliography ...... 43 Annex 1: Field protocols summary ...... 44

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Annex 2: Field protocols ...... 46

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General Abbreviations ADA ...... Austrian Development Agency DoA ...... Description of Action DG NEAR ...... Directorate-General for Neighbourhood and Enlargement Negotiations of the European Commission EaP ...... Eastern Partnership EC ...... European Commission EECCA ...... Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia EMBLAS ...... Environmental Monitoring in the Black Sea EPIRB ...... Environmental Protection of International River Basins ESCS ...... Ecological Status Classification Systems EU ...... European Union EU-MS ...... EU-Member States EUWI+ ...... European Union Water Initiative Plus FD ...... Floods Directive GEF ...... Global Environmental Fund ICPDR ...... International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River IM ...... Investigative monitoring INBO ...... International Network of Basin Organisations IOWater/OIEau .... International Office for Water, France IWRM ...... Integrated Water Resources Management MSFD ...... Marine Strategy Framework Directive NESB ...... National Executive Steering Board NFP ...... National Focal Point NGOs ...... Non-Governmental Organisations NPD ...... National Policy Dialogue OECD ...... Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development RBC ...... River Basin Council RBD ...... River Basin District RBMP ...... River Basin Management Plan RBO ...... River Basin Organisation ROM ...... Result Oriented Monitoring SCM ...... Steering Committee Meeting (of the EU Action EUWI+) SEIS ...... Shared environmental information system TA ...... Technical Assistance ToR ...... Terms of References UBA ...... Umweltbundesamt GmbH, Environment Agency Austria UNDP ...... United Nations Development Programme UNECE ...... United Nations Economic Commission for Europe WISE ...... Water Information System for Europe WFD ...... Water Framework Directive

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Country Specific Abbreviations Moldova MARDE ...... Ministry of Agriculture, Regional Development and Environment NEA ...... The National Environment Agency NWP ...... National Water Partnership

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PART I – GENERAL ISSUES

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1 SCOPE OF THE DOCUMENT

Excerpt from the Logframe of EUWI+:

Sources and Base- Results chain Indicators Targets means of verifi- Assumptions line cation

2.3.5: Investigatory Number of investigatory 0 6 Investigatory Preliminary risk

monitoring of water surveys carried out (sur- survey reports assessment is bodies at risk of high face water chemistry) in for all EaP coun- successful as a pollution or related is- all EaP countries tries basis for site se- sues lection

Activities

The European Union’s Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC1) aims at the improvement and protection of all water bodies at river basin level, including inland surface waters, transitional waters, coastal waters and groundwater bodies. Harmonized monitoring programmes are required to describe uniformly the quality of the water bodies involved. According to the WFD, three different types of surface water monitoring programmes have to be established at national levels:

 Surveillance Monitoring  Operational Monitoring  Investigative Monitoring

This document aims at describing the general rationale for the type of investigative monitoring (IM) and providing general considerations on the necessary steps for implementation of an investigative monitor- ing. Ideally, the document can provide guidance to establish an investigative monitoring action along or back-to-back with the planned field surveys in each of the EUWI+ project countries. Before summer 2020, six webinars have been organised to bring across the concept of investigative monitoring to the six countries and to discuss details of the planned IM surveys. The national experts have been asked to submit a short concept comprising the basic idea behind the investigation, a de- scription of the selected sites, a concept for sampling and analysis of the samples and the expected conclusions. The information received is summarised in PART II of this document in a country specific chapter. PART II will also be the template for later reporting of results, concluding and to summarize lessons learnt.

1 Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Commu- nity action in the field of water policy

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2 GENERAL TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 2,3

Monitoring is a key activity in integrated water management. There are three different principal forms of monitoring foreseen in the implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive (see also Figure 1 below).  Surveillance monitoring: This serves to supplement and validate impact assessment proce- dures for all water bodies; to enable the adequate preparation of future monitoring programmes; and to assess long-term changes in natural conditions or as a result of anthropogenic activity. Results of 12 months surveillance monitoring programmes enable the development of river ba- sin management plans.  Operational monitoring: This serves to describe the status of water bodies which are at risk of failing their environmental objectives, to evaluate the effectiveness of measure taken or to monitor according to international obligations. Chemical and physical parameters are analysed 12 times per year, biological quality elements are checked, depending on the quality element, once to six times a year. It is suggested to run two campaigns per RBM cycle4.  Investigative monitoring is undertaken in special cases at certain rivers or river sections when o more data are needed to understand the causes for failure of environmental quality objectives. o results of the surveillance monitoring suggest a mismatch with objectives, but without having an operative site available. o the impact of accidental pollution needs to be assessed. o some more checking is needed of the impact of not yet monitored substances. o Some practical testing of new methods is advised.

Investigative monitoring might also include alarming or early warning monitoring. In particular, this sum- marizes monitoring of water bodies close to an abstraction point for drinking water by continuous or semi-continuous monitoring, e.g. by measuring chemical parameters like conductivity, dissolved oxy- gen, turbidity or alike or biological parameters like fish[3]. In the last couple of years, a lot of knowledge has been gathered in terms of precautionary measurements to protect the supply of safe drinking water against contamination5 or on biological assays.

2 COMMON IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY FOR THE WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE (2000/60/EC), Guidance Document No 7, Monitoring under the Water Framework Directive 3 COMMON IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY FOR THE WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE (2000/60/EC), Technical Report - 2009 – 025, Guidance Document No. 19, GUIDANCE ON SURFACE WATER CHEMICAL MONITORING UNDER THE WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE 4 EUWI+ Thematic Summary Reports for each EUWI+ country 5 https://erncip-project.jrc.ec.europa.eu/networks/tgs/water

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Figure 1: Surveillance, operational and investigative monitoring in the WFD’s six years cycle

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3 GENERAL ASPECTS OF INVESTIGATIVE MONITORING

3.1 Planning and preparedness

While surveillance and operational monitoring, as part of an integrated water management, is carried out on a pre-determined basis with well-defined sampling sites in the water bodies, defined parameters and monitoring at a certain frequency, investigative monitoring has to be carried out upon special need. Potential reasons for investigative monitoring can be:  The achievement of the good environmental status is at risk, but available data are not sufficient to determine the reason, and samples from more and different sites are needed to investigate the hypothesis why the environmental objective is likely to fail in certain river areas.  (Non-)Deliberate water contaminations, like accidents or spills, or observed fish deaths suggest a severe contamination of a water body, and investigative steps have to be taken to better identify the nature and magnitude of the incident under time critical conditions.

For this reason, investigative monitoring needs a different approach to ultimately identify a problem by addressing it in the most appropriate monitoring design. This requires some flexibility in identifying the best determinants and individual approaches, to serve the needs of each unique situation. Provident organisational planning is therefore of utmost importance. This requires organisational and responsibility structures in place among the relevant authorities and a clear communication between all entities in- volved, especially when it comes to time-critical conditions along an accident or any other spontaneous contamination. Preparedness of all institutions along a clear and approved concept of investigative mon- itoring is key to be able to react promptly and properly to situations of uncertainty, which demand a high degree of flexibility and adaptation. In a special case, continuous monitoring stations, which are used to monitor some water quality param- eters for drinking water abstraction, can be built in. Involving early warning systems in investigative monitoring campaigns is mentioned here as a supportive instrument.

3.2 Suggested pool of institutions to be involved

This chapter narrows down the EU WFD concept of investigative monitoring to the framework and model application the EUWI+ project and introduces which organization should potentially be involved in in- vestigative monitoring. In order to clarify their roles and responsibilities, it is suggested to bring them together and to discuss roles and responsibilities along a realistic scenario. In terms of water monitoring it is recommended to appoint a Point of Contact (POC) at the relevant entity (e.g. Ministerial Department) being responsible for surface water monitoring to coordinate all activities and to liaise with all other responsible authorities in case of emergencies (e.g. police, civil protection), particularly when it comes to accidental contaminations. The necessary framework for investigative monitoring could be established among the following entities, which play an important role in the national integrated water management. This is a suggested general scheme and obviously needs to be adapted to the national structures and competences in each of the six EUWI+ countries:

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 Ministerial Department responsible for the preparation of the RBMP (MDRBM); particular the entity in charge for the status assessment of water bodies and for drafting the programme of measures; they are the recipients of the monitoring results, take care of data management, the evaluation of results and deduction of measures; they need to work closely together with  Ministerial Department responsible for Surface Water Monitoring (MDSW). Definition of target of monitoring – which question has to be answered by which action; drafting of a moni- toring concept which lays down individual actions and which is ideally agreed by all stakehold- ers. This entity could act as the Point of Contact for the investigative monitoring and take the responsibility to coordinate with all other involved entities.  River Basin Management Authority (RBMA). For the IM, this institution has the knowledge about all pressures identified in the river basin. It can help with the identification of pressures (e.g. industries emitting certain pollutants) which are not fully covered or their impact is not fully clear.  Ministerial Department for Emergency (e.g. in Ministry for the Interior). Involvement in case of an industrial/transport accident with high impact, floods or alike, depending on general na- tional procedures. This entity has in place the procedures to assess and scope an emergency and to communicate restrictions to the affected people (Civil Protection) or affected users (e.g. drinking water utilities).  Blue light organizations. This term summarizes the police, fire fighters and ambulance ser- vices as first responders in case of accidents. Their role is to mitigate the situation and record evidence. Normally, these organizations are the first on site and thus play an essential role in communicating an unusual case to the competent and responsible authorities.  Sampling unit. This is the institution or group which carries out sampling according to well established procedures, even in emergencies; the sampling unit has a strong communication with the involved laboratory or laboratories in order to meet the requirements set for the sam- pling procedures.  Laboratory. Provides the analytical service ordered by the leading organization. The laboratory is in close contact with the other organizations in order to establish the procedures, which are required to achieve the information, needed (specific parameters, limits of detection etc.). The laboratory produces a report about analysed samples which is essential for the lead organisa- tion to take decisions (e.g. impact-mitigating measures).

3.3 Design of concept for investigative monitoring within EUWI+

Once all relevant entities have been identified, a concept can be derived that clearly lays down the responsibilities of the organisations respectively. There are three conceivable scenarios with different implications on the extent of investigative monitoring:

1. Investigations to determine the reason why a water body is likely to fail the good environmental status; 2. Investigations to determine the magnitude of a spontaneous contamination caused e.g. by a transport or industrial accident or deliberate contamination; 3. Monitoring carried out by an independent entity to assess the quality of water (e.g. drinking water utility).

These three different scenarios afford a different degree of involvement of the above mentioned entities. Scenario 3 is somehow a specificity, as its data are gathered for an internal reason but could be sup- portive to other scenarios when it comes to early warning.

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Above the different degrees of collaboration that is needed in these three scenarios, there is a pattern of interaction between the entities, which is of general importance, and validity.

Table 1: General decisions and pathways for communication to elaborate a concept for investigative monitoring

 Appointment of a Point of Contact (POC) for investigative monitoring taking the overall responsibility to coordinate the monitoring activity and to establish the communication between all involved entities  By: national decision  The determination of chemical and/or biological parameters that have to be analysed.  By: MDRBM, RBMA and/or MDSW  The determination of sites to be sampled and monitored  By: MDRBM, RBMA and/or MDSW  It can consist of existing sites for surveillance of operational monitoring, in case further information is needed . But it may need also additional sites for better determining the magnitude of contamination  Downstream of potential polluters, maybe with reference upstream of a suspected emission point  The determination of pre-requisites for sampling  By: Communication between laboratory, sampling unit and POC  Choice of appropriate sampling and transport containers for each parameter  Stabilization of samples on site and by which means for all parameters  Specification of sample filtration/treatment on site, for all parameters  Specification of the transport conditions  Determination of the sampling procedure (spot, mix by volume/time etc.) to best respond to the problem  By: Communication between laboratory, sampling unit and POC  Definition of necessary and feasible quality parameters as a requirement for the analysis  By: Communication between laboratory, sampling unit and POC  determination of LOD/LOQ for all parameters  definition of (a) standard method(s) for all parameters  Determination of an adequate time for delivery of results  By: laboratories and POC  Delivery of results to the responsible entity (POC)  Assessment of results, deduction of needed measures  MDRBM, MDE, RBMA and/or MDSW with support of laboratory

1. Investigative monitoring triggered by water body at risk

This may be needed, if data from surveillance and operative monitoring suggest that a water body is at risk failing the good environmental status, or if the available set of data is not sufficient to explain why the good status cannot be reached. The assessment of pressures might give an indication of potential emissions, which have not yet been monitored, or the network of sampling sites might not be suitable to deduct conclusions. In this case, a strong collaboration between the RBMA and the MDSW is needed to identify whether further parameters have to be measured or additional measuring sites have to be investigated. A clear exchange with the sampling unit and the laboratory is needed; the concept follows more or less the general decision and communication pathways, as laid down in Table 1.

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2. Investigative monitoring triggered by accidental contamination/emergency

Contaminations as a result of emergencies (accidents) are mostly time-critical events and need a thor- ough organizational preparedness to be tackled promptly and without delay. Apart from recording evi- dence of an event, samples and analyses are needed to assess the potential impact on the environment, to take appropriate measures to prevent subsequent damages (e.g. for the drinking water supply) and to mitigate the impact situation. Police and fire fighters are mostly the first to be on site as first responders. Depending on the magnitude of contamination, several additional steps have to be taken to investigate the situation and to clarify the impact on the water body and connected uses (e.g. irrigation, recreation). Therefore, the roles and re- sponsibilities should be clear to all entities involved and, ideally, first responders can alert directly the POC at the responsible water authority to enable the chain of action and start with preparing investiga- tions. Relevant information from the field should be delivered to the Point of Contact who then can decide to rapidly send a sampling unit to the site to take samples and to initiate investigations and laboratory analyses.

3. Continuous water quality monitoring

Investigative monitoring might also include alarming or early warning monitoring. In particular, this sum- marizes monitoring of water bodies close to an abstraction point for drinking water by continuous or semi-continuous monitoring, e.g. by measuring chemical parameters like conductivity, dissolved oxy- gen, turbidity or alike, or biological parameters like fish toxicity. Mostly, continuous water quality moni- toring is applied by drinking water utilities to monitor the abnormalities in the composition of the water. Data can be used to feed early warning systems that support taking decisions. Data are normally not promptly available to authorities, as their use for reporting is limited. However, in case of emergencies, this kind of monitoring can assist drinking water suppliers in taking decisions to prevent contamination of the supply system. In case sensors are installed at the point of abstraction from the raw water source, data can help to monitor the status of the water. Involving early warning systems in investigative moni- toring campaigns is mentioned here as a supportive instrument.

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4 PLANNED IMPLEMENTATION WITHIN EUWI+

In order to establish a scheme for investigative monitoring in each EUWI+ country, this chapter deals with the necessary pre-requisites that have to be prepared in the countries and which should end up in a workshop to explain how to deal with the concept and to initiate small investigative surveys to test its practical application.

4.1 Break down to national requirements, Workshop and practical implementation

EUWI+ provides an opportunity to introduce and practically test a case of investigative monitoring, and to use the gained experience for responsible water management institutions to conclude subsequent steps of preparedness for future investigative monitoring situations, when swift and clear action by Gov- ernment institutions is needed. The piloting EUWI+ activity will be targeting investigative monitoring triggered at a water body at risk. This will include the available knowledge on pressures in the river basins and information from previous monitoring activities (surveillance monitoring, see chapter 2).

4.1.1 Identification of national entities

For each EUWI+ country it is suggested to identify all entities, which are relevant along the scenario described in Table 1 and to check whether there are additional authorities or institutions to be involved. As a template, Table 2 can be used to compile the relevant national entities. EUWI+ country represent- atives will support this step with their specific knowledge on the institutions. In the national tables in chapter 5, all relevant data should be completed by the end of May 2020. Responders are invited to amend with the right names of entities or add relevant ones in the table.

4.1.2 Identification of subjects for investigative monitoring

In a second step, specificities in the countries will be identified, which suggest the framework for an investigative monitoring. This can build on the results of former surveys or on the results of the risk assessment carried out in the course of elaborating the river basin management plans. Relevant infor- mation should be collected and compiled accordingly, initiated by the country representatives, by the national water management institution (MDSW or RBMD) which will be refined and rendered more pre- cisely by the EUWI+ team (RBMP planning). The result will be a short national chapter of this document, which expands from the general concept to a national chapter for investigative monitoring, containing the relevant institutions, contacts and technical specificities. It is targeted for June 2020.

4.1.3 Workshop

As a third step, a workshop will be held with the countries to bring together all identified entities and key persons (tentatively 3 participants per country, eg. POC, water agency and laboratory) and to discuss the national concept for investigative monitoring. The result will be a concrete step-by-step plan for a pilot investigative monitoring exercise, confirming the institutions and persons to be involved and re- sponsible, the location of sampling, the parameters to be analysed and the overall timeline up to deliv- ering the monitoring report to the MDRBM. As a consequence of the Covid19 lock-down, the workshops will be conducted in July 2020 in a web-based setting.

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4.1.4 Pilot exercise in EaP countries

As soon as the CoVid-19 situations allows and the timing fits to other EUWI+ calendars, a pilot investi- gative monitoring will take place: It starts with the field action when, at a pre-selected water body with a certain pollution risk issue, national experts take water samples, send them to the pre-selected labora- tory for the analyses. The resulting report of the laboratory will then be sent to the MDRBM and other institutions involved in the monitoring conclusions (e.g. MDE, RBMA and/or MDSW).

4.1.5 Data management, evaluation, reporting

The results of the nationally tested investigative monitoring will be documented in an IM report which will include  the overall IM concept (basically the first part of this document),  the report from the workshop (country-specific IM plan) and  the results of the national IM exercise with o sampling and laboratory results and their primary interpretation o lessons learned and o any suitable follow-up action, as deemed necessary.

Depending on the country-specific institutional situation, which determines at which institution the ex- pertise for the IM interpretation is available, the report will be prepared by the MDRBM, MDSW and /or RBMA under the supervision of the EUWI+ team.

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Table 2: General template for specifying national authorities, entities and experts for establishing the framework for investigative monitoring in the EUWI+ countries. All designations are indicative and shall be adopted or replaced by the authentic descriptions in the relevant national chapters.

Entity (in case of additional entities, Contact, please please add below) Function/responsibilities complete information Remark

Ministerial Department responsible for the preparation of the RBMP

Ministerial Department for Surface Water Monitoring

Environment Agency Monitoring Department

River Basin To be multiplied for Management additional RB Authority

Ministry for Emergency coordinator Emergency

Police Contact person for emergency coordination

Fire fighters Contact person for emergency coordination

Sampling Unit for Responsible person for surface water surface water sampling sampling

Laboratory Head of lab

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PART II - NATIONAL CHAPTER MOLDOVA

This chapter contains all relevant information, which has been disclosed by the implementing national organisations and institutions. The first part contains the first country feedback, which comprises an appraisal of stakeholders and the summary of the intended investigative monitoring, as received from the country representatives. Break down of national specificities. Please share in your national chapter (tables) all relevant organi- sational information needed. The templates for specifying national authorities, entities and experts for establishing the framework for investigative monitoring in the EUWI+ countries are provided for each country. All designations are indicative and shall be adopted or replaced by the authentic descriptions in the relevant national chapters. Any additional information deemed relevant for the process (potential river basins, contami- nants, information from status assessment etc.) as well as other national institutions or stake- holders to be involved is highly appreciated!

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NATIONAL QUESTIONNAIRE ON STAKEHOLDERS

This chapter describes the organizational landscape for Georgia. Table 3: National authorities, entities and experts for establishing the framework for investigative monitoring in Moldova.

Contact, please complete information/ name, function, email Entity (in case of additional entities, please add below) Function/responsibilities address Remark Ministerial Department responsible for the preparation of the RBMP Ministerial Department for Surface Water Monitoring Environment Agency Monitoring Department River Basin Management Authority To be multiplied for additional RB Ministry for Emergency or Department for emergencies Emergency coordinator in relevant Ministry Police (if deemed necessary) Contact person for emergency coordination Fire fighters (if deemed necessary) Contact person for emergency coordination Sampling Unit for surface water sampling Responsible person for surface water sampling Laboratory Head of lab Surface Water Monitoring Laboratory of Environment Agency of Moldova: Marina Lungu; [email protected] Ms Olga Minhi, [email protected] Groundwater monitoring laboratory of Agency for Geology and Mineral Resources and Hydrogeological Expedition of Moldova: Silvia Trafail; [email protected]

If there is any relevant information or if there are already considerations about potential investigative monitoring activities (specific river basin, pressures, contaminations), please add here:

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1 RATIONALE FOR AN INVESTIGATIVE MONITORING EXERCISE

This chapter contains the concept, which has been received from the expert authorities/organisations in the EUWI+ countries. It describes the intended concept, selected area, sampling sites, parameters to be analysed and the conclusions expected from the investigation.

1.1 Short description of the situation and a rational of survey subject

This report has been developed according to the service agreement nr. AVH 10839-MD-EA-3 signed on 19/10/2020 with Umweltbundesamt (Environment Agency Austria, UBA) for investigative monitoring plan- ning and conducting in the Ialpug River Basin. It describes the methods to be used, obtained results and lessons learned accordingly. As stated in the EUWI+ Manual for Surface Water Surveys investigative monitoring (IM) has to be carried out upon special need. Potential reasons for investigative monitoring can be: • The achievement of the good environmental status is at risk, but available data are not sufficient to determine the reason, and samples from more and different sites are needed to investigate the hypothesis why the environmental objective is likely to fail in certain river areas. • (Non-)Deliberate water contaminations, like accidents or spills, or observed fish deaths suggest a severe contamination of a water body, and investigative steps have to be taken to better identify the nature and magnitude of the incident under time critical conditions.

1.2 Selection of sampling sites and parameters to be analysed

For Ialpug River Basin both reasons are taken into consideration because it is a river basin with lack of historical data. Routine monitoring in the last years could cover few monitoring sites due to the financial constraints and furthermore, usually in summer time, the Ministry of Agriculture, Regional Development and Environment received frequent complaints regarding the water quality in certain stretches of the river. Thus, Ialpug River Basin was a perfect river basin to perform an investigative monitoring survey.

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Table 4. General aspects of the survey Country Moldova River basin Ialpug River Basin

Campaign 1) Autumn 2020 Objective Conducting a specific investigative survey on the impact of cer- tain chemical pollutants on surface water bodies To evaluate the results achieved and to deduct appropriate measures Providing a first set of data for the pollutants investigated Scope of chemical parameters Chemical pollutants: Standard physical-chemical parameters

Preparation of field work 2) Date 19.10.2020 Field work Dates (20.10. – 22.10.2020) Chemical analyses Expected time period (20.10. – 06.11.2020) Biological analyses Not pertinent Reporting Expected time period (from 1.11. – until 31.11.2020) Submission of technical report 26thof January 2021

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Map 1. Routine monitoring sites in Ialpug RB

1.3 Involved institutions, participants of Investigative Monitoring

Involved institutions: the central responsible entity is, of course, the Ministry of Agriculture, Regional De- velopment and Environment. Since June 2018, the newly created Environment Agency (EA) of the Re- public of Moldova has been appointed as the institution responsible for environmental monitoring, includ- ing also surface waters. The Reference Laboratory was involved directly and took part in the survey with its own sampling team and analyzed the taken samples. Further stakeholders are: the Inspectorate for Environmental Protection, “ApeleMoldovei” Agency, the Emergency Situations Department, the Ialpug River Basin Committee, and the local public authorities in Ialpug River Basin.

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2 FIELD REPORT

2.1 Survey program

2.1.1 Selected pilot river basins and sampling sites

Within the field survey, the selection of sampling sites in autumn 2020 aimed at covering the whole Ialpug river basin (table 2, map 2) and following range of pressures: organic pollution, possible toxic impact, hydromorphological alterations. As planned for routine monitoring, five sites have been sampled, most of them downstream of suspected sources of pollution: lakeComrat at Comrat town; lake Taraclia at Taraclia town; Ialpug River at Mirnoe village; and Lunga River – upstream and downstream of Ceadir-Lunga town (map 1). Mainly, Ialpug River Basin prevalent diffuse pollution comes from agriculture, but livestock pollution and point source pollution with lower impact6 occur as well. Table 5. Sampling sites

River River W Ri- Site R HM R Si Lati- Lon- basin B ver e WB i gn tude gitud type f. 1) s ifi- 4) e 4) n k ca r. 2 nt ) Pr es su re 3)

A_1 H R U R 2_2 Marienfeld vil- M 46. 28. W BS Ialpug lage, Cimislia W 621 588 B RB7 River district 1 B 597 765

A_1 H R U R 2_2 Cioc-Maidan M 46. 28. W BS Lunga village, Cimislia W 389 852 B RB River district 8 B 300 614

A_1 H R U R 2_2 M 46. 28. W BS Ialpug Bugeac village, W 374 673 B RB River Comrat district 2 B 730 417

Ialpug A_1 H R U Ri- L 2_2 Comrat town, M ver/Com W downstream W 46. 28. BS rat re- B Comrat reser- B 321 663 RB servoir voir 3 642 798

A_1 Besalma vil- H R U R 2_2 lage, Ialpug, up- M 46. 28. Ialpug W BS stream Congaz W 158 630 Ri- B RB ver/Con reservoir 4 B 378 429

6https://euwipluseast.eu/en/component/k2/item/1333-moldova-danube-prut-black-sea-full-river-basin- management-plan-2020-cycle-ii-eng?fromsearch=1 – table 7.1

7 Black Sea River Basin

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gaz re- servoir

Ialpug A_1 H R T Ri- L 2_2 M ver/Con W Congaz reser- W 46. 28. BS gaz re- B voir, upstream B 123 614 RB servoir Congaz village 5 393 053

Ialpug A_1 H R U Ri- L 2_2 Svetlli village, M ver/Ta- W Ialpug river, up- W 46. 28. BS raclia re- B stream, Tara- B 014 588 RB servoir clia reservoir 6 987 456

Ialpug A_1 H R U Ri- L 2_2 Novosiolovca M ver/Ta- W village, down- W 45. 28. BS raclia re- B stream Taraclia B 937 617 RB servoir reservoir 7 556 721

A_1 Ialpugel tribu- H R U R 2_2 tary, upstream M 46. 28. W BS Ialpugel Borogani vil- 1 W 395 520 B RB River lage 0 B 884 690

A_1 H R U R Salcia 2_2 Baimaclia vil- M 46. 28. W BS Mica Ri- lage, Salcia W 194 395 B RB ver Mare tributary 9 B 463 298 1) Assignment as provisional HMWB: yes / no 2) Assignment of the risk status: R = at risk, PR = possibly at risk, NR = not at risk. According to the management plan 2020, II-nd cycle, the whole stretch of Ialpug River and its tributaries, except Salcia Mica, are at high risk (https://euwipluseast.eu/en/component/k2/item/1333-moldova-danube-prut-black-sea-full-river-basin-management- plan-2020-cycle-ii-eng?fromsearch=1) 3) Significant pressure: N = no significant pressure, P = organic pollution, E = eutrophication, T = toxic impact, H = hydromorphological alterations, M = multistressor, O = other, U = unknown 4) Latitude, Longitude: Format = Degree with six decimals (e.g. as 44.630139, conversion from 44° 37’ 48.5’’ through calculation 44 + 37 / 60 + 48.5 / 3600)

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Map 2. Investigative monitoring sites in Ialpug River Basin

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The Environmental Agency was responsible for conducting the survey. A list of contact persons and re- sponsibilities is presented in table 3. Table 6. Contact persons and responsibilities Responsibilities Institution, contact person, email-address General Responsible for the organization of surface water body Marina Lungu sampling [email protected]

Field work Responsible for field work (biological and chemical sam- Anatolie Josan pling, hydro-morphological site description) [email protected] Responsible for access to sampling site Vitalie Lutan [email protected] Responsible for functional check of sampling equipment Olga Mihni [email protected] Responsible for calibration of on-site measuring equip- Anatolie Josan ment [email protected]

Chemical analysis Overall responsible for the chemical analyses in the la- Olga Mihni boratory, including reporting and data delivery [email protected] Responsible for sample transport from the field to the la- Vitalie Lutan boratory [email protected] Analyzing laboratory and contact person Environmental Agency, National Reference Laboratory, Marina Lungu [email protected]

Laboratory for Water Quality Olga Mihni [email protected]

Reporting Overall responsible for completing the technical report in- Marina Lungu cluding data annexes and metadata templates [email protected]

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2.1.2 Sampling period

Samples were taken from 20 Oct – 22 Oct 2020.

2.2 Sampling and field methods

Field measurements were carried out according to the methods listed in Table 7. Samples were taken in accordance with ISO 5667 and were put immediately at 4°C for transport. Before the analyses were done, the measurement and test equipment were calibrated internally by the laboratory staff.

2.3 Laboratory analyses

Table 7: Parameters analysed in the field and in the laboratory.

Limit values for Analysed parameters units Relevant method/technique LOD/LOQ II quality class8 pH - SM SR EN ISO 10523:2014, - 6.5 –9.0 Ionometric Method

Turbidity FTU Photometric method/Turbimeter - measurements

Water temperature Degrees Thermomether measurements - 28ᵒC in summer, Celsius 8ᵒC in winter

Total suspended solids mg/L Gravimetric Method 0.05 10

Transparency cm Visual comparison method -

Colour Degrees Visual comparison method - 30

Odour Points Olfactory method - 2

DO mgO2/L SM SR EN ISO 25813:2011, 0.1 >7 titrimetric method

COD mgO/L SM SR ISO 6060:2006 3 15

BOD mgO2/L SM SR EN 1899-1:2012 0.5 5

Hardness mg·ecv/L Titrimetric method 0.04 12

Alcalinity mg/L SM SR EN ISO 9963-1:2007, 90 Potentiometric/Titrimetric method

8 II-nd quality class – good quality according Governmental Decission nr 890 from 12/11/2013 https://www.legis.md/cautare/getResults?doc_id=114535&lang=ro#

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Limit values for Analysed parameters units Relevant method/technique LOD/LOQ II quality class8

Calcium mg/L SM SR ISO 6058:2012, titrimetric 0.6 method

Magnesium mg/L Calculation method 50

Sulphates mg/L Spectrofotometric Method 1.0

Chlorides mg/L GOST 4245-73, Titrimetric 2.0 method

Sodium mg/L Flame photometry 0.45

Potasium mg/L Flame photometry 0.40

Na+K mg/L Calculation method 55

Fix residue mg/L Calculation method

Mineralization mg/L Calculation method 700

Ammonium nitrate mgN/L Spectrofotometric Method 0.063 0.4

Nitrite N mgN/L Spectrofotometric Method 0.001 0.06

Nitrate N mgN/L SM SR ISO 7980-3:2009, 0.010 3 Spectrofotometric Method

Orthophosphates mgP/L Spectrofotometric Method 0.007 0.1

Total phosphorus mgP/L Spectrofotometric Method 0.014 0.2

Anionic surfactants mg/L Spectrofotometric Method 0.015

Petroleum mg/L Spectrofotometric Method 0.013 0.1 hydrocarbons

2.4 Quality assurance

Sampling AQC’s were done in accordance with the contract in a professional way in the accordance of SOPs and accredited procedures. The laboratory uses reference materials. All standard solutions were prepared from reference materials, which are labeled with the date of preparation, expiry date and the name of person who prepared the solution. These solutions are kept in conditions specified in the test method. Accordingly, field measure- ments and laboratory procedures were done with the internal quality controls.

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3 RESULTS

3.1 Field protocols and hydro-morphological site description

The field protocols are provided as separate attachment in Annex 1 (Excel format) and Annex 2. The photos are provided as JPG as separate files in the folder Annex 4.

3.2 Chemical analyses

The investigative monitoring results are presented in Annex 5. Also, the data fluctuations are presented in charts in this chapter (figures 1-20).

pH 10 9,28 9,27 9,09 8,86 8,77 9 8,07 8,06 8,31 8,11 8,29 7,76 7,89 7,97 7,96 8 7,57 7 6 5 4

Figure 2. Variation of pH values during the Investigative Monitoring field survey in Ialpug River Basin

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Turbidity 300 276 250 200 146 150 120 FTU 92,1 100 56,2 68,5 61,7 66,6 71 62,9 46,7 39,2 39,7 50 18,5 18,6 0

Figure 3. Variation of turbidity during the Investigative Monitoring field survey in Ialpug River Basin Water temperature oscillated between 8-16.4°C. A characteristic odor was obvious on Ialpug River at Besalma village, upstream of Congaz reservoir. The pH results varied between 7.57- 9.28. The maximum value was detected in the Congaz reservoir (fig. 1). High pH values above 8.5 characterize eutrophic waters and mineralized lakes.

Total suspended solids

250 230,4 215,4

200 176

150

119,6 119 mg/l 100 83 75,2 59,2 50,4 42,4 50 32,2 29 31 29,2 29,8

0

Figure 4. Variation of total suspended solids during the Investigative Monitoring field survey in Ialpug River Basin

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Turbidity and total suspended solids refer to particles present in the water column and are the most visible indicators of water quality. Turbidity and water clarity, or transparency, are visual properties of water, based on light scattering and attenuation. All three parameters are related to the presence of particles in the water column, whether directly or indirectly. The maximum turbidity concentrations were measured downstream of the Comrat reservoir (276 FTU) and in the Lunga River, downstream of Ceadir-Lunga town (146 FTU) (figure 2). The suspended parti- cles can come from soil erosion, runoff, discharges, stirred bottom sediments or algal blooms. Some streams to have naturally high levels of suspended solids, as in the case of Ialpug River stream, Marienfield Village with a value of 119,6 mg/l, though clear water is usually considered as an indicator of healthy water. While this dissolved matter is not included in total suspended solids (TSS) measurements, it can cause low turbidity readings as it absorbs light instead of scattering it. Following inter-relationships were observed in the whole river basin:  at the beginning of the river (Marienfield Village) there are many suspended solids due to the geological structure (clay) while turbidity is low;  at Bugeac Village site the turbidity is higher than TSS (fig. 2, 3). TSS continues to increase in the Comrat Reservoir up to the maximum detected value of 230 mg/l. Downstream Comrat Reservoir TSS values are decreasing, but turbidity reaches the highest levels in the basin.  For the central and final part of the Ialpug River course, the turbidity and TSS values are more homogenous and correlated. Turbidity values oscillate between 18.6-68.5 FTU, while TSS values move between 29-75.2 mg/l;  Lunga tributary shows also a very interesting picture in relation to these two parameters: both increase remarkably upstream of Ceadir-Lunga town. Transparency is strictly related to sunlight penetration and is the most subjective measurement, compared to turbidity and TSS, as it is usually determined by human observation. According to the obtained results, the most transparent water is at the spring of Ialpug River (10 cm sunlight penetration) and decreases significantly, to a value of 1 cm for most of the sites. The transpar- ency values for Ialpug-Svetlil v. and Taraclia Reservoir are also relatively high, reaching around half of the value for Marienfield site (figure 4).

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Transparency 12 10 10 8 6 cm 4,5 4,5 4 2,5 3 1,5 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 0

Figure 5. Variation of transparency during the Investigative Monitoring field survey in Ialpug River Basin

Dissolved oxygen 14 11,5 12 11,01 11,18 11,1 9,48 10 9,16 9,4 9,24 9 7,95 8 7,3 6,09 6,01

6 4,88 mgO2/l 3,71 4 2 0

Figure 6. Dissolved oxygen measured during the Investigative Monitoring field survey in Ialpug River Basin Dissolved oxygen refers to the level of free, non-compound oxygen present in water and it is an important parameter in assessing water quality because of its influence on the organisms living within a body of water. It enters water from the air or it is a plant by-product. For Ialpug River the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) oscillated between 3.71-11.5 mgO2/l (figure 5). The mini- mum amount of DO was detected for the Besalma Village site, on Ialpug River, upstream of Congaz reservoir. In the reservoirs, although the water is more stagnant, the amount of oxygen allegedly increases due to the abundance of macrophytes in the water bodies.

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COD 80 70,6 68 70 60 47,9 43,3 50 37,3 40 26,7 25,2 27,7 27,2 mgO/l 30 19,2 17,1 21,2 19,7 20 10,1 5,5 10 0

Figure 7. Chemical oxygen demand measured in the samples for Investigative Monitoring in Ialpug River Basin

BOD 13,7 14 12,5 12 10 8,6 8,9 8 5,08 5,44 5,28 5,72 5,2 6 4,28 4,26

mgO2/l 3,88 3,8 4 2,4 2 2 0

Figure 8. Biological oxygen demand measured in the samples for Investigative Monitoring in Ialpug River Basin

Biological oxygen demand (BOD5) or chemical oxygen demand (COD) analysis is widely used to evaluate organic pollutants in water systems, as well as to assess the efficiency of wastewater treatment plants. COD is equivalent to the organic matter in a water sample that is susceptible to oxidation.

The Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) represents the amount of oxygen consumed by bacteria and other microorganisms while they decompose organic matter under aerobic (oxygen is pre- sent) conditions at a specified temperature. In Ialpug River Basin, the higher BOD and COD val- ues have been measured at Congaz and Taraclia Lakes (figures 6, 7).

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Sulphates 1964 1882 2000 1717 1386 1500

1000

mg/l 618 530 475 398 412 303 500 226 187 221 154 67 0

Figure 9. Sulphates measured in the samples for Investigative Monitoring in Ialpug River Basin The groundwater and the soil in the southern region of the country are highly mineralized. This fact, of course, influences the water quality in the investigated River Basin. According to the results, Ialpug River at its source (Marienfield Village) had the highest concentrations of sul- phates, with a value of 1,964 mg/l. Further high concentrations of sulphates have been detected for Ialpug – Svetlii site, after two tributaries. Lunga River, a tributary of Ialpug River, shows increasing concentrations of sulphates with values above 1,000 mg/l until reaching Ceadir- Lunga town. Downstream of Ceadir-Lunga town, the concentration drops by almost 10 times, supposedly due to its sewage plant (figure 8). According to the obtained data, the situation for chlorides differs. The maximum chlorides con- centration detected has been 1,369 mg/l in Taraclia Reservoir, which is situated after Congaz Village – (a highly populated village with more than 12,000 habitants). Lunga tributary has also a very high load of chlorides, allegedly due to Ceadir-Lunga municipality (figure 9). The tributar- ies Salcia Mica and Ialpugel have low concentrations of chlorides and the load of chlorides at the border of the country (Ialpug River – Mirnoe Village) consists of 960 mg/l.

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Chlorides 1369 1400 1154 1200 959,5 1016 1000 800 690 677,3 603,9 544,7 mg/l 600 400 241,3 254 276,6 149,3 167,3 158,6 200 17,5 0

Figure 10. Chlorides measured in the samples for Investigative Monitoring in Ialpug River Basin

Ammonium nitrogen 5 4,686 4,5 4 3,5 3 2,329 2,5 1,987 1,629 1,823 1,654

mgN/l 1,547 1,515 1,514 2 1,467 1,211 1,311 1,5 0,853 1,079 0,832 1 0,5 0

Figure 11. Ammonium nitrogen measured in the samples taken from Ialpug River Basin The results for ammonium nitrogen concentrations also deserve attention (figures 10-12) as at most of the investigated sites they exceeded the III-rd quality class limit (0.8 mgN/l moderately polluted) for surface waters according to GD 890 of 2013 Regulation, and downstream of Com- rat Reservoir –the situation is even worse (4.7 mgN/l). The same site showed a high concentra- tion for nitrites nitrogen (0.074 mg N/l) within the limits of III-rd quality class, “moderately pol- luted” (figure 11). The nitrates concentrations in the basin where within the limits of the I-st quality class according to GD 890 of 2013, (that is, less than 1mgN/l) except for Cioc-Maidan site where the nitrates nitrogen amount constituted 1.92 mgN/l – value within the limits of the II-nd quality class according to the same national regulation.

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Nitrites

0,09 0,0778 0,08 0,074 0,07 0,06 0,052 0,05 0,039 0,035 0,04 0,026 0,03 0,026 0,027 0,029 mgN/l 0,03 0,013 0,02 0,008 0,009 0,007 0,006 0,01 0

Figure 12. Nitrite nitrogen measured in the samples taken from Ialpug River Basin

Nitrates 2,5 1,92 2

1,5

mgN/l 1 0,56 0,66 0,4 0,5 0,2 0,06 0 0,07 0,03 0,05 0,11 0,09 0,09 0,05 0,11 0

Figure 13. Nitrate nitrogen measured in the samples taken from Ialpug River Basin Phosphorus is a common constituent of agricultural fertilizers, manure, and organic wastes in sewage and industrial effluents. It is an essential element for plant life, but when its concentra- tion in water is too high, it can speed-up eutrophication (which itself causes a reduction in dis- solved oxygen in water bodies and an increase of mineral and organic nutrients) of rivers and lakes. Soil erosion is a major contributor of phosphorus to streams. Bank erosion occurring dur- ing floods can mobilize a lot of phosphorous from the river banks and adjacent land into the water bodies. The maximum total phosphorus and orthophosphates concentrations were de- tected for the Lunga tributary - Cioc-Maidan Village site (figure 13). Also high concentrations of phosphorus were detected downstream of Comrat reservoir, Besalma village and Svetlii village.

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Ortophosphates Total Phosphorus

1 0,952 0,9 0,852 0,784 0,8 0,747 0,7 0,571 0,597 0,6 0,509 mgP/l 0,458 0,5 0,427 0,358 0,4 0,324 0,293 0,272 0,291 0,221 0,3 0,258 0,245 0,193 0,209 0,204 0,22 0,165 0,171 0,152 0,2 0,121 0,145 0,145 0,137 0,1 0,043 0,017 0

Figure 14. Total phosphorus and ortophosphates measured in the samples taken from Ialpug River Basin

Anionic surfactants Petroleum hydrocarbons

0,1 0,093 0,094 0,09 0,08 0,07 0,063 0,065 0,06 0,051 0,049 0,05 0,047 0,05 0,043 0,046 mg/l 0,038 0,039 0,04 0,035 0,032 0,031 0,03 0,032 0,026 0,03 0,022 0,02 0,01 0,005 0 0 0 0 0 0

Figure 15. Anionic surfactants and petroleum hydrocarbons measured in the samples taken from Ialpug River Basin

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Most of the concentrations measured for petroleum hydrocarbons were below 0.05 mg/l (threshold for the I-st quality class according to GD 890 of 2013) except at Besalma Village site (0.094 mg/l)

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4 CONCLUSIONS

The present field survey served as an example for MD on how to plan, investigate and use the analytical results afterwards. The following conclusions could be drawn from the results: The water in the Ialpug River Basin is highly mineralized. One reason could be that according to historical geological data, the actual territory of Moldova represents the bottom of the Sarmatian Sea. As a result, the groundwater and soil in the southern region of Moldova are both salted. Taking into account the rela- tionship between groundwater and surface waters, and also the influence of the bedrock, it could be useful in the future to see what is the natural background quality of Ialpug river and its tributaries, and, accord- ingly, to develop appropriate thresholds for the five water classes. Still an open issue remains to get to the point when the water bodies in the Ialpug River Basin will correspond to good water status/potential. While in some cases sulphates and chlorides can occur naturally – as some soils and rocks contain these minerals – they are predominantly contaminants that makes their way into our water supply through waste and industrial discharges from cleaning and personal care products. The results obtained showed high values of these pollutants after bigger localities, like Congaz village and Ceadir-Lunga municipality, due to the influence of its wasterwater effluents. Downstream municipalities, like Cioc-Maidan village, higher concentrations of nutrients and organic pol- lutants were detected, probably due to the human activities in the immediate vicinity of the river and because many domestic animals/birds are breeding there. Also, it is obvious that bigger localities, like Congaz village, Taraclia town, Comrat and Ceadir-Lunga municipalities have an impact on the water quality due to their wastewaters, which are only partially treated (e.g. the Ceadîr-Lunga wastewater treat- ment plant is only partially operational, while Comrat wastewater treatment plant is not functional at all [18]). For a more reliable assessment and a better picture, it could be appropriate to have perform a much more detailed field survey in the future. The study should include more and also biological parameters and comprise also smaller tributaries in the basin. The water quantity and water flow data could also be very useful as the impact and pressures could be detected much easier. This data report has also relevance for other environmental authorities, including the Ministry of Agricul- ture, Regional Development and Environment, in order to establish a program of measures for the River Basin and to improve the well-being of the waterbodies. Taking into account that there was only one sampling per site, to assure much more precise decisions/measures it could be useful to establish a more detailed monitoring for a period of one year at least, in order to track seasonal changes and weather effects. This report will be circulated to all stakeholders at national level to further process the decision making and elaboration of the program of measures. Due to the fact that Ialpug River goes through Moldova and Ukraine, it is therefore included in a bilateral agreement under the Convention on the protection and use of transboundary watercourses and international lakes, it will be also presented to our Ukrainian neigh- bours. The list of relevant authorities is presented below: Ministry of Agriculture, Environment and Regional Development “Apele Moldovei” Agency Environmental Protection Inspectorate State Hydrometeorological Service Environmental Agency: Environmental Quality Monitoring Department; South Environmental Agency; Environmental Assessment and Ecological Expertise Department Water and sewerage project implementation unit Regional Development Agency Gagauzia

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Local public authorities in Ialpug River Basin Ukrainian Water Resources Agency

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5 LESSONS LEARNT

A general observation of the UBA coordination team across all six countries is that the need to collaborate among affected entities did not fully work out. In the inception phase of the survey in spring/summer 2020, a series of webinars took place to bring across the principles of this environment assessment tool, to show its role and function among the WFD monitoring schemes, and encourage the beneficiaries to liaise with other relevant entities (water users, affected communes, inspection authorities etc.). For this reason, also this document intended to compile relevant stakeholders beyond the water sampling and analysing responsibility of the beneficiary. In practice, however, an adjustment of actions to be taken, the sharing and discussion of data from the Minister’s office down to the civil protection did not sufficiently take place in most cases. More emphasis of this communication and information process would have gone far be- yond the limits of this survey. The principle of collaboration and “thinking out of the box” should receive a central role in the future.

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6 BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Directiva 2000/60/EC a Parlamentului și a Consiliului European din 23 octombrie 2000 cu privire la stabilirea unui cadru de politică comunitară în domeniul apei. 2. Documentul orientativ cu privire la hidromorfologia și caracterizarea fizico-chimică pentru Ana- liza Presiunilor și Impactului/Evaluarea Riscurilor în conformitate cu DCA a UE (Guidance Doc- ument addressing hydromorphology and physico-chemistry for a Pressure-Impact Analysis/Risk Assessment according to the EU WFD) 3. Fondului național de date geospațiale al Republicii Moldova geoportal.md 4. Ghidurile de implementare a DCA 5. Legea apelor nr.272 din 23.12.2011. (intrată în vigoare la 26.10.2013). 6. Planul de gestionare al bazinului hidrografic Prut, ciclul I, 2017–2022: Institutul de Ecologie și Geografie al Academiei de Științe a Moldovei, echipa de lucru: Bejan Iu., Boboc N., Bacal P., Nedealcov M., Jeleapov A., Angheluță V., Zgârcu N., Chisinau, 116 p. 7. Planul de gestionare al bazinului hidrografic Dunăre, Prut și Marea Neagră, ciclul II, 2022-2027: AO „OIKUMENA” cu suportul EUWI+, echipa de lucru: Iurii Bejan, Vitalie Dilan, Lucia Căpățînă, Nicolae Boboc, Petru Bacal, Tudor Castraveț, Boris Iurciuc, Natalia Zgîrcu, Viorica Angheluța, Pavel Țîțu, Liliana Stratan, Vladimir Mogîldea, Iradion Jechiu, Pierre Henry de Villeneuve - Of- fice International de l'Eau, Chisinau, 351 p. 8. Regulamentul cu privire la Cerințele de Calitate a Mediului pentru apele de suprafață (Hotărîrea Guvernului Republicii Moldova 890 din 12.11.2013); 9. Regulamentul privind monitorizarea și evidența sistematică a stării apelor de suprafaţă şi a ape- lor subterane - HG 932 din 20.11.2013, capitolul II. 10. General manual for surveys in running waters, European Union Water Initiative Plus for the Eastern Partnership (EUWI+ 4 EaP) - Results 2 and 3; ENI/2016/372-403 11. Rapoartele privind delimitarea, cartarea și clasificarea corpurilor de apă de suprafață 12. http://www.geoportal.md/ro/de- fault/map#lat=155653.441118&lon=218424.538052&zoom=4&layers=_base6,_base13 - map of Ialpug River and tributaries 13. https://www.fondriest.com/environmental-measurements/parameters/water-quality/turbidity-to- tal-suspended-solids-water-clarity/ 14. Wetzel, R. G. (2001). Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems (3rd ed.). San Diego, CA: Aca- demic Press. 15. EPA. (2012, March). Channel Processes: Suspended Sediment Transport. In Water: Science & Technology. Retrieved from http://water.epa.gov/scitech/datait/tools/warsss/suspend.cfm 16. http://adrgagauzia.md/public/files/2._Proiect_Ceadar_Lunga_ROM_120318.pdf 17. https://localitati.casata.md/index.php?action=viewlocalitate&id=9622 18. http://www.adrgagauzia.md/public/files/5.07.2017_FINAL_PRS_WSS_ROM.pdf

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ANNEX 1: FIELD PROTOCOLS SUMMARY

Annex 1 Scan of the field protocols in Excel format

Site number/Ref. no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 River basin Ialpug Ialpug Ialpug Ialpug Ialpug Ialpug Ialpug Ialpug Ialpug Ialpug Congaz re- River name Ialpug Ialpug Ialpug Ialpug servoir Ialpug Ialpug Lunga Salcia Mica Ialpugel Comrat t., Marienfield dwstr. Novosiolovca Cioc-Maidan Baimaclia Site name v. Bugeac v. Comrat res. Besalma v. Congaz v. Svetlii v. v. v. v. Borogani v. Surveyor (name) A. Josan A. Josan A. Josan A. Josan A. Josan A. Josan A. Josan A. Josan A. Josan A. Josan Site No. coordinate N 46ᵒ34'58.1" 46ᵒ21'33.6" 46ᵒ18'10.3" 46ᵒ10'02.1" 46ᵒ07'04.6" 46ᵒ01'48.2" 45ᵒ53'51.0" 46ᵒ21'23.8" 46ᵒ11'36.3" 46ᵒ23'43.0" Site No. coordinate E 28ᵒ35'47.1" 28ᵒ40'04.8" 28ᵒ39'53.2" 28ᵒ37'52.8" 28ᵒ36'47.7" 28ᵒ34'21.9" 28ᵒ36'12.0" 28ᵒ49'08.6" 28ᵒ23'46.8" 28ᵒ31'11.8" GPS Waypoint GPS photo number Sample ref. no. (Che- mistry) 325-AS-20 323-AS-20 321-AS-20 315-AS-20 314-AS-20 313-AS-20 311-AS-20 319-AS-20 305-AS-20 303-AS-20 Sampling date (DD-MM- YYYY 22.10.2020 22.10.2020 22.10.2020 21.10.2020 21.10.2020 21.10.2020 21.10.2020 22.10.2020 20.10.2020 20.10.2020 Sampling time (HH.MM) 17:10 14:55 13:22 17:40 17:05 10:25 15:22 11:00 14:40 11:15 Stream order main main main main main main main 1 2 1 River type HMWB HMWB HMWB HMWB HMWB HMWB HMWB HMWB HMWB HMWB Air temperature [°C] 19.4 21.0 17.6 13.6 14.0 15.8 17.6 13.9 16.0 13.0 Weather: Light [0–5] 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Weather: Precipitation [0–6] 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Weather: Air tempera- ture [0–5] Weather: Wind [0–6] Field measurement: WT [°C] 15.0 11.4 14.1 14.0 14.2 12.2 15.2 10.4 16.4 12.2 Field measurement: pH 7.57 7.76 7.89 8.06 9.28 8.86 9.09 8.31 8.29 7.96 Field measurement: EC [μS/cm] 4790 1320 1596 1785 4230 4530 5600 3580 715 1263

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Site number/Ref. no. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Field measurement: DO [mg/L] 6.09 6.01 4.88 3.71 11.01 9.16 11.5 9.4 9 11.1 Field measurement: O2- sat [%] 60.4 59.6 47.3 35.9 106.8 85 114.1 83.2 91.2 102.9 Colour: 24 26 20 10 60 60 44 40 44 44 Turbidity [1–4] 18.5 92.1 276 46.7 56.2 39.2 68.5 66.6 71 62.9 Smell: 1 2 2 3 2 2 2 2 1 1 PO-ECA-A- PO-ECA-A- PO-ECA-A- PO-ECA-A- PO-ECA-A- PO-ECA-A- PO-ECA-A- PO-ECA-A- PO-ECA-A- PO-ECA-A- Sampling SOP No. 7.3-01 7.3-01 7.3-01 7.3-01 7.3-01 7.3-01 7.3-01 7.3-01 7.3-01 7.3-01

See separate attachment in Excel format

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ANNEX 2: FIELD PROTOCOLS

Comprises field protocol, hymo protocols, pictures and original analytical data sheets

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Field protocol 1: Ialpug River - Marienfeld village, Cimislia district

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Field protocol 2: Ialpug River – Bugeac Village

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Field protocol 3: Ialpug River – Comrat town, downstream Comrat Reservoir

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Field protocol 4: Ialpug River – Besalma Village

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Field protocol 5: Congaz Reservoir – upstream Congaz Village

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Field protocol 6: Ialpug River – Sveltii Village, upstream Taraclia Reservoir

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Field protocol 7: Ialpug River – Novosiolovca Village

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Field protocol 8: r. Lunga – Cioc-Maidan Village

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Field protocol 9: Salcia Mica River – Baimaclia Village

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Field protocol 10: Ialpugel River – Borogani Village Annex 3 Hymo

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Hymo protocol 1

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Hymo protocol 2

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Hymo protocol 3

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Hymo protocol 4

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Hymo protocol 5

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Hymo protocol 6

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Hymo protocol 7

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Hymo protocol 8

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Hymo protocol 9

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Hymo protocol 10 Annex 4 Photo documentation

Photo no. 1: Marienfeld village- Ialpug river

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Photo no. 2: Marienfeld village –Ialpugriver

Photo no. 3: Bugeac village, Comratdistruct–Ialpugriver

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Photo no. 4: Bugeac village, Comratdistruct–Ialpugriver

Photo no. 5: downstream Comrat reservoir- Ialpug river

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Photo no. 6: downstream Comrat reservoir- Ialpug river

Photo no. 7: downstream Comrat reservoir- Ialpug river

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Photo no. 8: Cioc-Maidan village, Cimislia district-Lunga tributary

Photo no. 9: Cioc-Maidan village, Cimislia district -Lunga tributary

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Photo no. 10: Besalma village, Ialpug, upstream Congaz reservoir

Photo no. 11: Besalma village, Ialpug, upstream Congaz reservoir

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Photo no. 12: Besalma village, Ialpug, upstream Congaz reservoir

Photo no. 13: Svetlli village, Ialpugriver, upstream, Taraclia reservoir

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Photo no. 14: Novosiolovca village -downstream Taraclia reservoir

Photo no. 15: Baimaclia village - Salcia Mare tributary

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Photo no. 16: Baimaclia village- Salcia Mare tributary

Photo no. 17: Baimaclia village- Salcia Mare tributary

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Investigative Monitoring Report Moldova

Annex 5 Summary format of chemical data I-st part

degrees

pH

Nr. ord

Oxygen

mg/dm3

Air T, °C

mgO2/dm3

Mg2+, mg/l

Magnesium,

saturation, %

WT, °C field,

Odour, points

Sampling date

Sampling time

solids, mg/dm3 Turbidity, FTU

Calcium, Calcium, Ca2+, Sample Colour,

Total suspended

COD, COD, mgO/dm3

Transparency, cm BOD, mgO2/dm3 ref. nr. River Sampling site Dissolvedoxygen, 1 325-AS- Ialpug River Marienfeld village, 22.10.20 17:10 19.4 15.0 119.6 7.57 18.50 1 10.00 24 6.09 60.40 19.20 4.28 317.40 202.30 20 Cimislia district

2 323-AS- Ialpug River Bugeac village, 22.10.20 14:55 21.0 11.4 59.2 76 92.10 2 1.00 26 6.01 59.60 26.70 5.08 72.10 34.50 20 Comrat district

3 321-AS- Ialpug River Comrat town, 22.10.20 13:22 17.6 14.1 176.0 7.89 276.00 2 1.00 20 4.88 47.30 27.70 5.28 56.10 39.60 20 downstream Comratrez. 4 315-AS- Ialpug River Besalma village 21.10.20 17:40 13.6 14.0 119.0 8.06 46.70 3 1.00 10 3.71 35.90 43.30 8.60 54.50 40.90 20 5 314-AS- CongazRezervoir Congaz village 21.10.20 17:05 14.0 14.2 75.2 9.28 56.20 2 2.50 60 11.01 106.80 70.60 13.70 33.70 82.70 20 on Ialpug River

6 313-AS- Ialpug River Svetlii village 21.10.20 16:25 15.8 12.2 32.2 8.86 39.20 2 4.50 60 9.16 85.00 47.90 8.90 64.10 81.70 20 7 311-AS- Ialpug River Novosiolovcavillage 21.10.20 15:22 17.6 15.2 50.4 9.09 68.50 2 1.50 44 11.50 114.10 17.10 3.88 49.70 118.70 20 8 319-AS- Lunga River Cioc-Maidan 22.10.20 11:00 13.9 10.4 83.0 8.31 66.60 2 2.00 40 9.40 83.20 21.20 3.80 202.00 180.90 20 village, Cimislia district 9 305-AS- Salcia Mica Baimaclia village 20.10.20 14:40 16.0 16.4 29.2 8.29 71.00 1 3.00 44 9.00 91.20 5.50 2.40 62.50 17.00 20 River 10 303-AS- Ialpugel River Borogani village, 20.10.20 11:15 13.0 12.2 29.8 7.96 62.90 1 2.00 44 11.10 102.90 10.10 2.00 109.00 18.00 20 upstream

0 ENI/2016/372-403 Investigative Monitoring Report Moldova

II-nd part

,

,

-

-

-

µS/cm

eq/dm3

Nr. ord.

Anionic

mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3

Hardness, Hardness,

mgN/dm3

Petroleum

Chlorides,

Total iron,

Alcalinity,

mmol/dm3 Mineral N,

surfactants,

Fix residue,

Ammonium

Sodium, Na,

Conductivity,

Potassium, K,

hydrocarbons,

Hardness, Hardness, mg

Mineralization,

Sulphates, mg/l

Na+K, mg/dm3 Na+K,

nitrate, mg/dm3

Ortophosphates,

Nitrite N, NO2

Total mg/dm3 P,

Nitrate N, Nitrate NO3

1 1068.0 1964.00 690.00 16.24 32.48 620.00 8.40 628.40 4336 4870.1 4790.0 1.467 0.008 0.06 1.535 0.043 0.121 0.0000 0.043

2 1098.0 398.00 149.30 3.22 6.44 216.00 7.60 223.60 1427 1975.5 1320.0 1.629 0.009 0.0 1.638 0.165 0.193 0.0220 <0,013 0.151

3 214.0 530.00 167.30 3.03 6.06 288.00 8.00 296.00 1196 1303.0 1596.0 4.686 0.074 0.03 4.790 0.571 0.784 0.0930 0.026

4 250.0 226.00 254.00 3.04 6.08 250.00 9.60 259.60 960 1085.0 1785.0 1.987 0.039 0.05 2.076 0.509 0.747 0.0630 0.094

5 671.0 154.00 603.90 4.24 8.48 800.00 28.00 828.00 2038 2373.3 4230.0 1.547 0.030 0.11 1.687 0.209 0.458 0.0320 0.049

6 610.0 1882.00 677.30 4.96 9.92 884.00 27.50 911.50 3922 4226.6 4530.0 0.853 0.026 0.20 1.079 0.358 0.597 0.0310 0.051

7 403.0 475.00 1154.00 6.12 12.24 736.00 14.50 750.50 2749 2950.9 5600.0 1.211 0.027 0.09 1.328 0.145 0.258 0.0350 <0,013

8 757.0 1386.00 276.60 12.48 24.96 388.00 14.50 402.50 2827 3205.0 3580.0 1.079 0.778 1.92 3.777 0.852 0.952 0.0500 <0,013

9 519.0 221.00 17.50 2.26 4.52 66.50 3.80 70.30 648 907.3 715.0 1.311 0.007 0.05 1.368 0.220 0.221 0.0050 0.039

10 329.0 303.00 158.60 3.46 6.92 110.50 5.90 116.40 870 1034.0 1263.0 1.514 0.006 0.11 1.630 0.137 0.152 0.047

ENI/2016/372-403 1 Investigative Monitoring Report Moldova

Annex 6: Chemical data in Certificate Format Certificate Format nr 1 Ialpug River – Marienfield village, Cimislia district

Laboratory reference number 325-AS-20 River and sampling site Ialpug River – Marienfield village, Cimislia district Sampling reference 240 of 22.10.2020 Sampling date and time 22.10.2020 17:10 Date and time of taking of the samples 22.10.2020 17:10 Date and time of analysis Field analyses – 22.10.2020 Chemical analyses – 23.10-02.11.2020 Sampling comments Good weather conditions, no rain, partially cloudy

K

on

Na

Total

solids

COD BOD

Ca2+

Mg2+ Na+K

hates

nitrate

Colour

Total P

suspended Anionic

Nitrite N

Petroleum Petroleum

Nitrate N

Alcalinity

Hardness

Chlorides

Sulphates

Ortophosp

Transparency

Fix residue

hydrocarbons

surfactants

Mineralizati Parameter Ammonium

Unit

cm

mg/dm3 degrees mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3

mgP/dm3 mgP/dm3

mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3

mgO/dm3

mmol/dm3

mgO2/dm3

Result 119,6 10 24 19,2 4,28 317,4 202,3 1068 1964 690 16,24 620 8,4 628,4 4336 4870,1 1,467 0,008 0,06 0,043 0,121 ND 0,043 Analysis day Limit of Detection 0,05 3,0 0,5 0,6 90 1 2,0 0,04 0,45 0,40 0,063 0,001 0,01 0,007 0,014 0,015 0,013 AQC Result AQC Range

Analytical Method

Gravimetry Visual Visual Photometry Winkler method Titrimetric Calculation Potentiomet ric/titrimetric spectrophot ometric Titrimetric Titrimetric Flame photometry Flame photometry Calculation Calculation Calculation Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric ND – not detected 0 ENI/2016/372-403 Investigative Monitoring Report Moldova

Certificate Format nr 2 Ialpug River – Bugeac village, Comrat district

Laboratory reference number 323-AS-20 River and sampling site Ialpug River – Bugeac village, Comrat district Sampling reference 221 of 20.10.2020 Sampling date and time 22.10.2020 14:55 Date and time of taking of the samples 22.10.2020 14:55 Date and time of analysis Field analyses – 22.10.2020 Chemical analyses – 23.10-02.11.2020 Sampling comments Good weather conditions, no rain, partially cloudy

K

on

Na

Total

solids

COD BOD

Ca2+

Mg2+ Na+K

hates

nitrate

Colour

Total P

suspended Anionic

Nitrite N

Petroleum Petroleum

Nitrate N

Alcalinity

Hardness

Chlorides

Sulphates

Ortophosp

Transparency

Fix residue

hydrocarbons

surfactants

Mineralizati Parameter Ammonium

Unit

cm

mg/dm3 degrees mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3

mgP/dm3 mgP/dm3

mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3

mgO/dm3

mmol/dm3

mgO2/dm3

Result 59,2 1 26 26,7 5,08 72,1 34,5 1098 398 149,3 3,22 216 7,6 223,6 1427 1975,5 1,629 0,009 ND 0,165 0,193 0,022 ND Analysis day Limit of Detection 0,05 3,0 0,5 0,6 90 1 2,0 0,04 0,45 0,40 0,063 0,001 0,01 0,007 0,014 0,015 0,013 AQC Result AQC Range

Analytical Method

Gravimetry Visual Visual Photometry Winkler method Titrimetric Calculation Potentiomet ric/titrimetric spectrophot ometric Titrimetric Titrimetric Flame photometry Flame photometry Calculation Calculation Calculation Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric ND – not detected

ENI/2016/372-403 1 Investigative Monitoring Report Moldova

Certificate Format nr 3 Ialpug River – Comrat town, downstream Comrat reservoir

Laboratory reference number 323-AS-20 River and sampling site Ialpug River – Comrat town, downstream Comrat reservoir Sampling reference 227 of 21.10.2020 Sampling date and time 22.10.2020 13:22 Date and time of taking of the samples 22.10.2020 13:22 Date and time of analysis Field analyses – 22.10.2020 Chemical analyses – 23.10-02.11.2020 Sampling comments Good weather conditions, no rain, partially cloudy

K

on

Na

Total

solids

COD BOD

Ca2+

Mg2+ Na+K

hates

nitrate

Colour

Total P

suspended Anionic

Nitrite N

Petroleum Petroleum

Nitrate N

Alcalinity

Hardness

Chlorides

Sulphates

Ortophosp

Transparency

Fix residue

hydrocarbons

surfactants

Mineralizati Parameter Ammonium

Unit

cm

mg/dm3 degrees mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3

mgP/dm3 mgP/dm3

mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3

mgO/dm3

mmol/dm3

mgO2/dm3

Result 176 1 20 27,7 5,28 56,1 39,6 214 530 167,3 3,03 288 8,0 296 1196 1303 4,686 0,074 0,03 0,571 0,784 0,093 0,026 Analysis day Limit of Detection 0,05 3,0 0,5 0,6 90 1 2,0 0,04 0,45 0,40 0,063 0,001 0,01 0,007 0,014 0,015 0,013 AQC Result AQC Range

Analytical Method

Gravimetry Visual Visual Photometry Winkler method Titrimetric Calculation Potentiomet ric/titrimetric spectrophot ometric Titrimetric Titrimetric Flame photometry Flame photometry Calculation Calculation Calculation Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric ND – not detected

2 ENI/2016/372-403 Investigative Monitoring Report Moldova

Certificate Format nr 4 Ialpug River – Besalma village

Laboratory reference number 315-AS-20 River and sampling site Ialpug River – Besalma village Sampling reference 231 of 21.10.2020 Sampling date and time 21.10.2020 17:40 Date and time of taking of the samples 21.10.2020 17:40 Date and time of analysis Field analyses – 21.10.2020 Chemical analyses – 23.10-02.11.2020 Sampling comments Good weather conditions, no rain, partially cloudy

K

on

Na

Total

solids

COD BOD

Ca2+

Mg2+ Na+K

hates

nitrate

Colour

Total P

suspended Anionic

Nitrite N

Petroleum Petroleum

Nitrate N

Alcalinity

Hardness

Chlorides

Sulphates

Ortophosp

Transparency

Fix residue

hydrocarbons

surfactants

Mineralizati Parameter Ammonium

Unit

cm

mg/dm3 degrees mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3

mgP/dm3 mgP/dm3

mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3

mgO/dm3

mmol/dm3

mgO2/dm3

Result 119 1,0 10 43,3 8,6 54,5 40,9 250 226,0 254 3,04 250 9,6 259,6 960 1085 1,987 0,039 0,05 0,509 0,747 0,063 0,094 Analysis day Limit of Detection 0,05 3,0 0,5 0,6 90 1 2,0 0,04 0,45 0,40 0,063 0,001 0,01 0,007 0,014 0,015 0,013 AQC Result AQC Range

Analytical Method

Gravimetry Visual Visual Photometry Winkler method Titrimetric Calculation Potentiomet ric/titrimetric spectrophot ometric Titrimetric Titrimetric Flame photometry Flame photometry Calculation Calculation Calculation Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric ND – not detected

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Certificate Format nr 5 Congaz Reservoir/Ialpug River – Congaz village

Laboratory reference number 314-AS-20 River and sampling site Congaz Reservoir/Ialpug River – Congaz village Sampling reference 230 of 21.10.2020 Sampling date and time 21.10.2020 17:05 Date and time of taking of the samples 21.10.2020 17:05 Date and time of analysis Field analyses – 21.10.2020 Chemical analyses – 23.10-02.11.2020 Sampling comments Good weather conditions, no rain, partially cloudy

K

on

Na

Total

solids

COD BOD

Ca2+

Mg2+ Na+K

hates

nitrate

Colour

Total P

suspended Anionic

Nitrite N

Petroleum Petroleum

Nitrate N

Alcalinity

Hardness

Chlorides

Sulphates

Ortophosp

Transparency

Fix residue

hydrocarbons

surfactants

Mineralizati Parameter Ammonium

Unit

cm

mg/dm3 degrees mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3

mgP/dm3 mgP/dm3

mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3

mgO/dm3

mmol/dm3

mgO2/dm3

Result 75,2 2,5 60 70,6 13,7 33,7 82,7 671 154 603,9 4,24 800 28 828 2038 2373,3 1,547 0,03 0,11 0,209 0,458 0,032 0,049 Analysis day Limit of Detection 0,05 3,0 0,5 0,6 90 1 2,0 0,04 0,45 0,40 0,063 0,001 0,01 0,007 0,014 0,015 0,013 AQC Result AQC Range

Analytical Method

Gravimetry Visual Visual Photometry Winkler method Titrimetric Calculation Potentiomet ric/titrimetric spectrophot ometric Titrimetric Titrimetric Flame photometry Flame photometry Calculation Calculation Calculation Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric ND – not detected

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Certificate Format nr 6 Ialpug River – Svetlii village

Laboratory reference number 313-AS-20 River and sampling site Ialpug River – Svetlii village Sampling reference 229 of 21.10.2020 Sampling date and time 21.10.2020 16:25 Date and time of taking of the samples 21.10.2020 16:25 Date and time of analysis Field analyses – 21.10.2020 Chemical analyses – 23.10-02.11.2020 Sampling comments Good weather conditions, no rain, partially cloudy

K

on

Na

Total

solids

COD BOD

Ca2+

Mg2+ Na+K

hates

nitrate

Colour

Total P

suspended Anionic

Nitrite N

Petroleum Petroleum

Nitrate N

Alcalinity

Hardness

Chlorides

Sulphates

Ortophosp

Transparency

Fix residue

hydrocarbons

surfactants

Mineralizati Parameter Ammonium

Unit

cm

mg/dm3 degrees mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3

mgP/dm3 mgP/dm3

mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3

mgO/dm3

mmol/dm3

mgO2/dm3

Result 32,2 4,5 60 47,9 8,9 64,1 81,7 610 1882 677,3 4,96 884 27,5 911,5 3922 4226,6 0,853 0,026 0,20 0,358 0,597 0,031 0,051 Analysis day Limit of Detection 0,05 3,0 0,5 0,6 90 1 2,0 0,04 0,45 0,40 0,063 0,001 0,01 0,007 0,014 0,015 0,013 AQC Result AQC Range

Analytical Method

Gravimetry Visual Visual Photometry Winkler method Titrimetric Calculation Potentiomet ric/titrimetric spectrophot ometric Titrimetric Titrimetric Flame photometry Flame photometry Calculation Calculation Calculation Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric ND – not detected

ENI/2016/372-403 5 Investigative Monitoring Report Moldova

Certificate Format nr 7 Ialpug River – Novosiolovca village

Laboratory reference number 311-AS-20 River and sampling site Ialpug River – Novosiolovca village Sampling reference 227 of 21.10.2020 Sampling date and time 21.10.2020 15:22 Date and time of taking of the samples 21.10.2020 15:22 Date and time of analysis Field analyses – 21.10.2020 Chemical analyses – 23.10-02.11.2020 Sampling comments Good weather conditions, no rain, partially cloudy

K

on

Na

Total

solids

COD BOD

Ca2+

Mg2+ Na+K

hates

nitrate

Colour

Total P

suspended Anionic

Nitrite N

Petroleum Petroleum

Nitrate N

Alcalinity

Hardness

Chlorides

Sulphates

Ortophosp

Transparency

Fix residue

hydrocarbons

surfactants

Mineralizati Parameter Ammonium

Unit

cm

mg/dm3 degrees mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3

mgP/dm3 mgP/dm3

mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3

mgO/dm3

mmol/dm3

mgO2/dm3

Result 50,4 1,5 44,0 17,1 3,88 49,7 118,7 403 475 1154 6,12 736 44,5 750,5 2749 2950,9 1,211 0,027 0,09 0,145 0,258 0,035 ND Analysis day Limit of Detection 0,05 3,0 0,5 0,6 90 1 2,0 0,04 0,45 0,40 0,063 0,001 0,01 0,007 0,014 0,015 0,013 AQC Result AQC Range

Analytical Method

Gravimetry Visual Visual Photometry Winkler method Titrimetric Calculation Potentiomet ric/titrimetric spectrophot ometric Titrimetric Titrimetric Flame photometry Flame photometry Calculation Calculation Calculation Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric ND – not detected

6 ENI/2016/372-403 Investigative Monitoring Report Moldova

Certificate Format nr 8 Lunga River – Cioc-Maidan village, Cimislia district

Laboratory reference number 319-AS-20 River and sampling site Lunga River – Cioc-Maidan village, Cimislia district Sampling reference 235 of 22.10.2020 Sampling date and time 22.10.2020 11:00 Date and time of taking of the samples 22.10.2020 11:00 Date and time of analysis Field analyses – 22.10.2020 Chemical analyses – 23.10-02.11.2020 Sampling comments Good weather conditions, no rain, partially cloudy

K

on

Na

Total

solids

COD BOD

Ca2+

Mg2+ Na+K

hates

nitrate

Colour

Total P

suspended Anionic

Nitrite N

Petroleum Petroleum

Nitrate N

Alcalinity

Hardness

Chlorides

Sulphates

Ortophosp

Transparency

Fix residue

hydrocarbons

surfactants

Mineralizati Parameter Ammonium

Unit

cm

mg/dm3 degrees mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3

mgP/dm3 mgP/dm3

mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3

mgO/dm3

mmol/dm3

mgO2/dm3

Result 83 2,0 40 21,2 3,8 202 180,9 757 1386 276,6 12,48 388 14,5 402,5 2827 3205 1079 0,778 1,92 0,852 0,952 0,05 ND Analysis day Limit of Detection 0,05 3,0 0,5 0,6 90 1 2,0 0,04 0,45 0,40 0,063 0,001 0,01 0,007 0,014 0,015 0,013 AQC Result AQC Range

Analytical Method

Gravimetry Visual Visual Photometry Winkler method Titrimetric Calculation Potentiomet ric/titrimetric spectrophot ometric Titrimetric Titrimetric Flame photometry Flame photometry Calculation Calculation Calculation Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric ND – not detected

ENI/2016/372-403 7 Investigative Monitoring Report Moldova

Certificate Format nr. 9 Salcia Mica River – Baimaclia village

Laboratory reference number 305-AS-20 River and sampling site Salcia Mica River – Baimaclia village Sampling reference 221 of 20.10.2020 Sampling date and time 20.10.2020 14:40 Date and time of taking of the samples 20.10.2020 14:40 Date and time of analysis Field analyses – 20.10.2020 Chemical analyses – 23.10-02.11.2020 Sampling comments Good weather conditions, no rain, partially cloudy

K

on

Na

Total

solids

COD BOD

Ca2+

Mg2+ Na+K

hates

nitrate

Colour

Total P

suspended Anionic

Nitrite N

Petroleum

Nitrate N

Alcalinity

Hardness

Chlorides

Sulphates

Ortophosp

Transparency

Fix residue

hydrocarbons

surfactants

Mineralizati Parameter Ammonium

Unit

cm

mg/dm3 degrees mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3

mgP/dm3 mgP/dm3

mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3

mgO/dm3

mmol/dm3

mgO2/dm3

Result 29,2 3,0 44 5,5 2,4 62,5 17,0 519 221 17,5 2,26 66,5 3,8 70,3 648 907,3 1,311 0,007 0,05 0,220 0,221 0,005 0,039 Analysis day Limit of Detection 0,05 3,0 0,5 0,6 90 1 2,0 0,04 0,45 0,40 0,063 0,001 0,01 0,007 0,014 0,015 0,013 AQC Result AQC Range

Analytical Method

Gravimetry Visual Visual Photometry Winkler method Titrimetric Calculation Potentiomet ric/titrimetric spectrophot ometric Titrimetric Titrimetric Flame photometry Flame photometry Calculation Calculation Calculation Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric ND – not detected

8 ENI/2016/372-403 Investigative Monitoring Report Moldova

Certificate Format nr. 10 Ialpugel River – Borogani village, upstream

Laboratory reference number 303-AS-20 River and sampling site Ialpugel River – Borogani village, upstream Sampling reference 219 of 20.10.2020 Sampling date and time 20.10.2020 11:15 Date and time of taking of the samples 20.10.2020 11:15 Date and time of analysis Field analyses – 20.10.2020 Chemical analyses – 23.10-02.11.2020 Sampling comments Good weather conditions, no rain, partially cloudy

K

on

Na

Total

solids

COD BOD

Ca2+

Mg2+ Na+K

hates

nitrate

Colour

Total P

suspended Anionic

Nitrite N

Petroleum Petroleum

Nitrate N

Alcalinity

Hardness

Chlorides

Sulphates

Ortophosp

Transparency

Fix residue

hydrocarbons

surfactants

Mineralizati Parameter Ammonium

Unit

cm

mg/dm3 degrees mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3

mgP/dm3 mgP/dm3

mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3 mgN/dm3

mgO/dm3

mmol/dm3

mgO2/dm3

Result 29,8 2,0 44 10,1 2,0 109 18 329 303 158,6 3,46 110,5 5,9 116,4 870 1034 1,514 0,006 0,11 0,137 0,152 ND 0,047 Analysis day Limit of Detection 0,05 3,0 0,5 0,6 90 1 2,0 0,04 0,45 0,40 0,063 0,001 0,01 0,007 0,014 0,015 0,013 AQC Result AQC Range

Analytical Method

Gravimetry Visual Visual Photometry Winkler method Titrimetric Calculation Potentiomet ric/titrimetric spectrophot ometric Titrimetric Titrimetric Flame photometry Flame photometry Calculation Calculation Calculation Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric Spectrophot ometric ND – not detected

ENI/2016/372-403 9 Investigative Monitoring Report Moldova

Annex 10 PT/ILC

K

pH

on

Na

Total

solids

COD BOD

Ca2+

Mg2+ Na+K

Colour

suspended

Alcalinity

Hardness

Chlorides

Sulphates

Transparency

Fix residue Parameter Mineralizati

Unit

cm

mg/dm3 degrees mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3 mg/dm3

mgO/dm3

mmol/dm3

mgO2/dm3

ILC -0,70 0,253 -0,349 -1,702 0,972 -1,49 ILC -0,79 1,81 1,82 -0,96 -0,35 -1,04 -0,35 PT PT

10 ENI/2016/372-403

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