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The Evolution of Marion's Brigade After the Fall of Charlestown 1780 to 1782

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The Evolution of Marion's Brigade After the Fall of Charlestown 1780 to 1782 The Evolution of Marion’s Brigade after the Fall of Charlestown 1780 to 1782 J.D. Lewis Little River, SC www.carolana.com Francis Marion 1732-1795 by Werner Willis by P.P. Carter 2 Agenda Section Slide No. Quick background info (to set the stage). 4 1780 – After the Fall of Charlestown 12 1781 – Month-by-Month Chronology 83 1782 – Month-by-Month Chronology 302 Sources 361 3 Quick Background Info (To Set the Stage) 4 South Carolina – The Revolutionary War Timeline of Key Events 1774 1775 1776 1777 1778 1779 1780 1781 1782 1783 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q Sep. 5 – Oct. 26 May 10 July 4 Nov/Dec Mar. 1 Oct. 19 Nov. 30 Sep. 3 1st Continental 2nd Continental Declaration of Jan. 15 Continental Congress Congress of Lt. Gen. Cornwallis Preliminary Treaty of Congress Meets Congress Sits Independence Charleston Orders Gov. Rutledge Confederation Surrenders at Peace Articles Paris Fire June. 18 & Jul. 24 To Reduce the Number Begins Yorktown Signed in Paris Continental Congress Of SC Regiments on the Issues Resolution to Put Continental Establishment Jun. 18 Aug. 28 This is Our Timeframe Jan. 6 to Mar. 17 Six Regiments of th Royal Governor Last Assembly Closed SC State Troops on 5 General Ass’y Lord William Campbell Under Royal Governor The Continental Line Meets Arrives in Charleston Lord William Campbell William Bull, Jr. – Act. Governor Jul.4 Mar. 7 Jan. 9 John Rutledge Rawlins Lowndes John Rutledge May 12th Jan. 31 Dec. 15th Jan. 11-17 Elected President Elected President Elected Governor John Mathews Jul. 7 to Aug. 13 First Provincial Elected Governor 5th General Ass’y Congress Sits. Nov. 17-18 Meets Again Mar. 26 Mar. 19 Nov. 22 to Feb. 12 General Jan. 8 to Feb. 16 Appoints Executive rd th Council of Safety with SC Constitution SC Constitution 3 General Ass’y Election 4 General Assembly June 1-22 Issued Revised Meets Again Statewide Meets at Jacksonborough Henry Laurens as First Provincial Aug. 31 to Sep. 11 President, and Congress Meets Again, 3rd General Ass’y Local Committees Dec. 6-23 Feb. 3 Jul. 31 Adopts American Bill of Rights 2nd General Meets British Occupy Beaufort And the Act of Association. Assembly Meets Appoints Council of Safety. Nov. 30-Dec. 1 Jan. 12 to Feb. 14 May 12 Dec. 14 2nd General Ass’y General Election British Occupy Charleston Meets Again Statewide Jul. 6 Aug. 7-8, 28-29 General Meeting Elections Held Aug. 11-23 May 14 July 17 2nd General Ass’y Elected 5 Delegates For Next Provincial British Occupy Moncks Corner To 1st Continental Congress Meets Gain Congress, Feb. 1 to Mar. 26 Sep. 11-23 ~May 15 Oct. 12 Committee of 99 Nov. 1-29 2nd Provincial 2nd General Ass’y Elected 2nd Provincial Congress Meets Meets Again British Occupy Cheraw Congress Sits Again Jan. 5 to Mar. 28 ~May 15 May 11 Mar. 26 to Apr. 11 2nd General Ass’y 1st General Assembly Meets Meets Again British Occupy Orangeburgh Nov. 15 Sep. 1 to Oct. 17 ~May 15 Jul. 8 General Meeting Sep. 17 to Oct. 20 2nd General Ass’y Calls for Election 1st General Assembly Meets Again Meets Again British/Loyalists Occupy Ninety-Six of a Provincial Congress ~May 15 Dec. 1 British Occupy Dorchester Sep. 20 SC General Assembly Passes An Act Which Places July 11 June 5 The SC State Troops On the Continental Line, British Occupy Georgetown Not to leave the state. Aug. 16 May 10 June 12 st Feb. 22 British Occupy Camden 1 Provincial Congress 2nd Provincial Congress Authorizes 3 Regiments Issues Resolution Establishing ~Oct. 10 Jan. 8 Of SC Provincial Troops, 2 New Regiments of Riflemen And 12 Regiments of SC Militia British Occupy Winnsborough Mar. 23 Jan 20 Nov. 21 2nd Provincial Congress Mar. 28 Sep. 10 1st Provincial Congress Gov. Rutledge Gov. Rutledge Again Issues Resolution Establishing SC General Assembly Issues Reduction Issues Resolution Establishing 3 New Regiments of SC Militia Emplaced all SC Militia Reorganizes SC Militia, Precedence of SC Provincial Troops Of SC Troops to Authorizes New In the “Fork between Saluda and Into 3 New Brigades. 4 Regiments. Versus Regiments of SC Militia Broad Rivers” (Ninety-Six District) 4th Brigade soon after. Brigade of SC Militia In Beaufort District Jun. 21 Mar. 1 Apr. 10 Feb. 1 Sep 15 1st Regiment of Infantry, 1st Regiment of Riflemen, 1st Brigade of SC Militia, 1st Regiment of SC Troops, Col. John Barnwell 2nd Regiment of Infantry, 2nd Regiment of Riflemen 2nd Brigade of SC Militia, 2nd Regiment of SC Troops, Organizes Brigade of 3rd Regiment of Rangers SC Provincial Troops 3rd Brigade of SC Militia 3rd Regiment of SC Troops SC Militia in Beaufort SC Provincial Troops Organized Organized Reorganized District Organized 4th Brigade soon after 4th Regiment Remained June – September Organization of 12 Regiments of SC Militia © 2014 – J.D. Lewis – All Rights Reserved 5 South Carolina 4 Counties & 21 Parishes – 1682 to 1774 State Line Surveyed State Line Surveyed 1813 to 1819 1772 State Line Surveyed 1735 to 1764 St. David’s . Craven County was deemed to lie between the Cape Fear River and the mouth of Awendaw Creek. Parish (Since 1768) . Berkeley County was deemed to lie between Awendaw Creek and the mouth of the Stono River. Colleton County was deemed to lie between the Long Prince Stono River and the mouth of the Combahee River. Bluff Frederick’s Parish State Line Surveyed . Granville County was deemed to lie between the Combahee River and the Savannah River. (Since 1734) 1821 (decreased in 1768) Camden Ninety-Six Town (was part of St. Mark’s Parish) All Saint’s St. Mark’s Parish Parish (Since 1757) ?? (Since 1767) Orangeburgh St. Stephen’s St. John’s, Berkeley Parish Craven County Parish (Since 1708) (Since 1754) Berkeley County (1682) ?? St. James, Goose Creek Parish (1682) Georgetown (Since 1706) Prince George’s, Winyah Prince William’s Parish ?? Parish (Since 1721) (Since 1745) (Expanded 1734) (Reduced 1767) St. Luke’s Parish (Since 1767) St. James, Santee Parish (Since 1706) St. Peter’s Parish (Since 1747) St. Thomas’s & St. Denis’s Parish (Reduced 1767) (Since 1706) St. George’s, Dorchester Parish Charlestown Christ Church Parish (Since 1717) (Since 1706) St. Bartholomew’s Parish St. Philips’s & (Since 1706) = County Boundary St. Michael’s Parish (Since 1706) = Parish Boundary St. Paul’s Parish (Since 1706) Beaufort St. John’s, St. Helena’s Parish Colleton Parish St. Andrew’s Parish © 2014 – J.D. Lewis – All Rights Reserved (Since 1712) (Since 1730) (Since 1706) 6 South Carolina Districts – 1769 to 1774 Cherokee Lands Cheraws District Ninety-Six Camden District District Long Bluff Camden Ninety-Six Town Georgetown District Orangeburgh Orangeburgh District Georgetown Charles Town District = District Boundary = District Seat Beaufort District Charlestown Beaufort © 2014 – J.D. Lewis – All Rights Reserved 7 South Carolina Old Counties and Old Districts 1775 – 1783 Although new “Districts” were created in 1769, the population simply would not let go of the four “old” Cherokee Counties. Lands Cheraws The oldest – Craven County District encompassed three of the “New Districts” in the ?? ?? eastern half of the state Camden and part of a fourth. Ninety-Six District District March 1778, ?? ?? The Ninety-Six District Was Divided “Militarily” into: Georgetown Upper Ninety-Six District District Lower Ninety-Six District The Precise Delineation Craven County is “Subject to Discussion” Orangeburgh District ?? November 1775, The “Old Craven County” Was Divided ?? Berkeley “Militarily” into: County Upper Craven County Lower Craven County Interesting Note: Charles Town I have seen surveys of the 1760s District The Precise Delineation in what is now Edgefield County is “Subject to Discussion” identified as being in “Craven County” Beaufort District Awendaw Creek = District Boundary Nota Bene ! vs. Santee River = Old County Boundary © 2014 – J.D. Lewis – All Rights Reserved 8 Very early called the Upper Saluda District, then the Upper District, South Carolina Districts 1774 – 1783 then the Spartan District Nov. 1774 call for elections for 1st Provincial New Congress created three new districts out of Camden Upper District Acquisition and three new districts out of Orangeburgh (Spartan District) District Feb. 9, 1776, 2nd Provincial Congress created Cherokee three new districts out of Ninety-Six Lands Cheraws 1778 Constitution recognized Orange District Parish and St. Matthew’s Parish Camden Little River District District District Lower Between District Broad & Catawba Rivers Ninety-Six Georgetown District District Eastward District of Wateree River Orangeburgh Very early called the District Forks of the Saluda District, then the Dutch Forks District, District Between then the Lower District Savannah River Orange & North Fork of Parish Not recognized or used Edisto River In Military organization terms. Perhaps at Company level. Charles Town District Throughout the American Revolution Beaufort everyone considered Ninety-Six District, District Orangeburgh District, and Camden District to continue to exist with their 1769 areas, = 1769 District Boundary even though new districts were added. = New District Boundary © 2014 – J.D. Lewis – All Rights Reserved 9 South Carolina in the US Revolution – Key Roads & Rivers William Prince’s Fort Ft. Nichols The Upper Road Gowen’s Fort Catawba Catawba River Trading The Fall Line Road Keowee Post Town Cheraw Little Pee Dee River Lancaster Long Ninety-Six Bluff Drowning Winnsborough Creek District Black Creek Ninety-Six Cheraws Camden District Waccamaw Camden River New Bordeaux District Ft. Charlotte Fort Granby Statesburg Kingston Little River Georgetown District Fort Motte Kingstree Nelson’s Orangeburgh Ferry Augusta New King’s Highway Windsor Sampit Orangeburgh Creek District Moncks Charles Town Corner The Great District Wagon Road Georgetown Dorchester Jacksonborough Sources: James Cook’s 1773 Map of Charlestown South Carolina Apparently, this road was connected to the Orangeburgh Road during the war.
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