2019 ANNUAL REPORT

IT STARTS WITH What starts as one idea, one interaction, one moment, can change the landscape of care.

These moments happen across Memorial Sloan Kettering every day.

This fluorescent microscopy image shows a developing mouse embryo at single-cell resolution. The green-colored cells originate outside the embryo. Read more on page 18 about how researchers in the Sloan Kettering Institute uncovered this difference and why it’s important for how we think about development. Image: Courtesy of the Hadjantonakis lab

2 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 3 CONTENTS Message from the Chairman and the President ...... 6

IT STARTS WITH...

One Child Learn about a unique program at MSK Kids dedicated to finding a cure for every child with cancer...... 10

One Vision See how MSK Kids — MSK's pediatric program — unites people, science, and care to support our youngest patients and their families ...... 16

One Cell Discover how an analysis of 120,000 individual cells is changing the way we think about development ...... 18

One Trial Read about MSK's specialized nurses, who are on the front lines of first-in-human clinical trials ...... 24

One Team Meet MSK's number-one-ranked gynecology team and see how they're setting the pace for research and treatment ...... 28

One Blood Test Learn how liquid biopsies can guide treatments and change lives ...... 34

One Mission Take a look inside MSK's newest patient care facilities ...... 40

Boards of Overseers and Managers ...... 48 Leadership ...... 50 Statistical Profile ...... 52 Financial Summary ...... 54 MSK Giving ...... 56 Donors to Memorial Sloan Kettering ...... 60 The Society of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center . . 62

t “It is a privilege to benefit patients’ lives through our scientific discoveries,” molecular geneticist Britta Weigelt says. Learn more about her work with the Gynecology Service on page 28.

4 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 5 Message from the CHAIRMAN SCOTT M. STUART Chair, Boards of Overseers and Managers

Memorial Sloan Kettering made remarkable advancements in our understanding and the and treatment of cancer in 2019.

PRESIDENT Accelerating progress — like cancer itself — poses such technologies as artificial intelligence and unique challenges that call for the highest level of machine learning, as well as other computational CRAIG B. THOMPSON expertise, compassion, and commitment. This was methods, to the enormous amount of data produced President and Chief Executive Officer never clearer than when this report went to press, by MSK’s research scientists and clinical investigators, as our community grappled with the unprecedented we are working to develop new ways to improve the and evolving COVID-19 pandemic. Because of the care of people with cancer. tireless efforts and dedication of our staff members, our mission to provide the best cancer care to every Helping More People person we treat has remained steadfast. Our community In 2019, we marked a milestone in MSK’s efforts to continues to be prepared, responsive, and optimistic provide patient-centered cancer care. At the end about our capabilities in the midst of this ever-changing of the year, we celebrated the completion of the situation. As always, the health and safety of our David H. Koch Center for Cancer Care at Memorial patients and staff is our top priority. Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, on ’s Upper East Side. This 800,000-square-foot facility In this report, we reflect on a year of positive represents the future of outpatient cancer care, momentum for MSK, as we undertook a number including first-of-their-kind facilities for MRI-guided of transitions designed to position MSK to lead radiation therapy and immuno-oncology, as well as the future of cancer care. state-of-the-art facilities for interventional radiology and precision medicine. The opening of MSK Nassau In key leadership roles, new perspectives were in Uniondale, on Long Island, provides an updated strategically integrated with MSK’s legacy of facility for MSK’s patients in Nassau County and excellence. After a nationwide search, Lisa DeAngelis eastern Queens. (Take a look inside these facilities was named Physician-in-Chief and Chief Medical on page 40.) The MSK Ralph Lauren Center joined Officer, the latest role in her impactful three-decade our outpatient system, providing cancer services career at MSK. (Learn more about Dr. DeAngelis to underserved people in East Harlem. Finally, the on page 9.) opening of the Proton Center provides the first center in New York where MSK patients In addition, Michael Harrington joined MSK in have access to this powerful treatment. These June as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial new facilities will save lives for decades to come. Officer, bringing with him a wealth of experience from his dozen years at the Cleveland Clinic. We also The year also saw important advances across welcomed Roxanne Taylor as Senior Vice President our research enterprise. One testament to the and Chief Marketing & Communications Officer. preeminence of the work conducted at MSK is that A highly accomplished and recognized marketing 54 faculty members were ranked among the most professional with more than three decades of experience, highly cited researchers in science by the Institute she will shape and lead an integrated marketing and for Scientific Information. They represent the communications strategy that will help grow and largest collection of such biomedical leaders at any differentiate MSK’s brand presence worldwide. freestanding cancer center in the world, and their expertise spans all disciplines of cancer. MSK also appointed Claus Jensen as the inaugural Chief Digital and Technology Officer. His leadership Among the many highlights in 2019 were the is a critical piece of MSK’s plan to increase our work of Sloan Kettering Institute immunologist ability to leverage digital technology. By applying Andrea Schietinger and her team on how tumors

6 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 7 (learn more about the work of MSK Kids on page 10 and the Gynecology Service on page 28).

MSK’s exceptional care was also recognized by Press Ganey, the leading research firm evaluating patient satisfaction. In 2019, for the first time, three MSK facilities received patient experience ratings in the 95th percentile or higher: for inpatient care at Memorial Hospital and for ambulatory care at both the Josie Robertson Surgery Center and When Lisa DeAngelis was named Physician-in-Chief and KATHRYN MARTIN LISA M. DEANGELIS JOAN MASSAGUÉ DOUGLAS A. WARNER III MSK Monmouth. Chief Medical Officer in September 2019, she assumed Chief Operating Officer Physician-in-Chief and Director, Honorary Chair, new responsibilities at an institution she knows well. Chief Medical Officer Sloan Kettering Institute Boards of Overseers More than a dozen of our faculty members received prestigious During more than 30 years at MSK, she has chaired the and Managers awards. From our unsurpassed nursing staff, Kevin Browne Department of Neurology, co-founded the Brain Tumor and Bevin Cohen were honored by the New York Academy of Center, cared for hundreds of people with brain cancer, Medicine, and Nancy Houlihan was elected president of the and conducted vital clinical research, including work Oncology Nursing Society, which also recognized Janine Kennedy that helped develop the current regimen to treat primary for her excellence in cancer nursing management. Also of central nervous system lymphoma. can reduce the activity of T cells, one of the immune rules around the vital external collaborations in note, Maria Jasin was awarded the Shaw Prize in Life Science system’s most powerful cancer killers; important which we engage. We are leading efforts within the and Medicine; Scott Lowe was elected to the National Academy Now she oversees the treatment delivered by the more than insights into the metabolism of cancer cells by medical research community to develop harmonized of Medicine; Valerie Rusch began her term as president of the 1,200 MSK doctors and 4,000 registered nurses who care SKI chemical biologist Yael David and cancer industry-wide standards for disclosure in biomedical American College of Surgeons and received the college’s highest for people at more than 20 facilities across New York and biologist Hans-Guido Wendel; and the work of journals, and in 2019, we updated our own policies honor, the Distinguished Service Award; Michel Sadelain New Jersey. She also directs MSK’s robust clinical research SKI developmental biologist Luis Parada and and practices around conflicts of interest and public received the International Prize from ’s Inserm; programs and oversees the more than 85 fellowship and colleagues, who identified a compound that kills disclosure, and appointed an ombudsperson to serve Charles Sawyers was awarded the inaugural Stat Biomedical residency training programs offered throughout the institution. glioblastoma cells by starving them, offering a as a resource for MSK employees in this realm. Innovation Award; and Adrienne Boire, Yael David, and path for new research into one of the most difficult Alex Kentsis each received a Pershing Square Sohn Cancer “Lisa is an internationally renowned physician and a fierce to treat. Our outstanding educational programs continue Research Alliance Prize for Young Investigators. advocate for both patients and faculty,” says Craig B. to support MSK’s researchers and clinicians. Thompson, MSK President and CEO. “Her expertise MSK also bolstered its leading role in immunotherapy The 2019 graduating class was the largest ever As always, MSK’s mission to provide hope and improve outcomes and unique understanding of MSK’s mission made her the by establishing the Center for Experimental Immuno- from the Gerstner Sloan Kettering Graduate School continues to be sustained by generous philanthropic support. ideal person to lead our clinical enterprise into the future.” Oncology under the direction of SKI’s Michael of Biomedical Sciences. GSK also broadened its We are deeply grateful to foundations and corporations as Glickman. The center will link together the full offerings in 2019 by establishing a new degree, well as the thousands of individuals and families who support Alongside her leadership role, Dr. DeAngelis continues to spectrum of researchers pursuing aspects of this a master of science in clinical and translational MSK every year, including those who participate in Cycle for treat patients, some of whom she has seen for decades. form of treatment, a continuum that brings insights cancer research, to train physicians who are Survival, Kids Walk for MSK Kids, and Fred’s Team, raising “For me, it’s essential to remain connected to patients from the lab to patients more quickly. pursuing careers in clinical investigation. In total, tens of millions of dollars for cancer research. and families, and to remember why we’re here,” she says. MSK now has more than 1,000 trainees undertaking Last year also saw MSK leading the way in offering advanced research training after completing PhD We believe that the steps taken across MSK in 2019 will help Dr. DeAngelis is equally committed to MSK’s role in advancing hope to people with metastatic cancer. Medical or MD degrees. us continue to be at the very forefront of cancer research, the future of cancer care, from research on the most basic oncologist Eileen O’Reilly led a clinical trial that prevention, and treatment. questions of cancer biology investigated at the Sloan Kettering resulted in the US Food and Drug Administration’s Recognition and Honors Institute to the latest treatments for patients, including approval of the PARP inhibitor olaparib (Lynparza®), All of our new facilities and scientific advances All of MSK looks forward to what’s ahead during Scott’s immuno-oncology and precision medicine. “I think SKI and a type of targeted therapy for the treatment of people continue to improve the compassionate, tenure as Chair of the Boards of Overseers and Managers, the hospital have never been as well integrated as we are now,” with metastatic pancreatic cancer who have a BRCA world-class care we provide to the people we treat. which began at the start of 2019. With your continued she says. “There is an enormous engine of collaboration mutation. In the field of metastatic breast cancer, For the 30th year in a row, MSK was named to the support, we look forward to helping many more people between us that helps us understand and identify cancer’s l medical oncologist Shanu Modi helped lead a clinical annual “Best Hospitals” list by U.S. News & World live healthier, happier lives. vulnerabilities.” trial of the drug deruxtecan (Enhertu®), leading to Report for cancer care. MSK’s Gynecology Service, FDA approval for use when other therapies aimed led by Nadeem Abu-Rustum, was named in the For Dr. DeAngelis, MSK will meet the opportunities and at the HER2 protein stop working. These are just report as the number-one program in the country, challenges of the future thanks to the dedication of the people two of the year’s many clinical advances at MSK. the first time that MSK has received the top national who call MSK home. “Our exceptional team of doctors, nurses, ranking in a specialty other than cancer. The report researchers, and staff is dedicated to providing the best, most At the same time as this critical research has been also recognized our subspecialty programs in head CRAIG B. THOMPSON SCOTT M. STUART advanced, and compassionate care to our patients,” says Dr. underway, important strides have been and continue and neck cancer, urology, gastroenterology and President and Chair, Boards of DeAngelis. “It is an honor to lead and work alongside them.” l to be made in setting more clear and transparent gastrointestinal surgery, and pediatric cancer care Chief Executive Officer Overseers and Managers

8 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 9 “You guys went bold,” Dave Jeffrey says to MSK Kids pediatric sarcoma specialists Julia Glade Bender and Filemon Dela Cruz, as he beams over his son Joey. “What you’ve done for us is remarkable.” Dave, Joey, mom Chrissy, and younger brother Jake are visiting the doctors for a routine checkup, which seemed unfathomable one year ago.

At 13, Joey developed an adrenal to progress. He moved on to cortical carcinoma, a cancer that chemotherapy. Even after six usually strikes adults. It started rounds, the cancer proved in his abdomen and spread to his relentless. “The tumors never lungs. His parents sought help really got any smaller,” Dr. Dela at two hospitals in two states Cruz recalls. “They slowly but did not get the answers they got bigger.” were looking for: Both hospitals refused to operate because they Joey’s tumor type was rare in deemed the surgery too risky. children — so rare that his care team wanted to find out exactly After a call to Memorial Sloan how it had developed and if other Kettering in 2018, the family treatments might put him into finally got the help they had been remission. It was a case for an in- desperately seeking. Pediatric house team of disease detectives surgeon Michael La Quaglia at MSK known as the Pediatric agreed to do the surgery. He was Translational Medicine Program able to remove the abdominal (PTMP). Its members, who come tumor as well as a tumor in from both medical and research Joey’s right lung. teams, banded together to get to the bottom of Joey’s illness. The surgery was a critical first This kind of collaboration is the step, but Joey’s disease continued hallmark of the PTMP: Pooling

t Now a high school freshman, Joey (here with his pup, Mia) was cared for by a team of experts at MSK Kids who designed a unique treatment plan when other options didn’t work.

10 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 11 resources from a diverse set of teams, Joey’s whole-genome sequencing held with the goal of finding a cure for the key to what his doctors thought every child. could be a breakthrough. The test showed that the many mutations in the tumor Hints of Hope made him a candidate for a promising Step one for the PTMP in gathering clues type of immunotherapy called checkpoint “When I opened is genetic testing of a child’s tumor using inhibitors. These drugs rev up the body’s MSK-IMPACT™. This advanced diagnostic immune system, allowing it to better Joey’s scans, I thought tool looks at the 468 genes most target and attack the cancer cells. commonly mutated in cancers. The “Tumors with extremely high numbers I had the wrong results give MSK care teams insight as of mutations, like Joey’s, have been shown patient file. There to whether such traditional treatments to respond to checkpoint inhibitors,” as surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation Dr. Dela Cruz adds. was a dramatic will be enough to wipe out the disease or if a novel therapy is a better approach. A New Approach response. It was In January 2019, Joey started on a check- hard to believe.” Joey’s MSK-IMPACT results didn’t point inhibitor called pembrolizumab offer many hints. So the investigators in (Keytruda®). Unfortunately, the the PTMP tried whole-genome sequencing medicine didn’t work quite as well as p Filemon Dela Cruz (with Joey at a routine checkup) says that Joey’s whole-genome sequencing gave him and other members of the care — Filemon Dela Cruz, team important insights. for additional insight. In this technique, they had hoped. pediatric sarcoma specialist all of the genetic material in the cancer is looked at comprehensively. While “Faced with slowly progressive disease mutations that may cause the disease. MSK-IMPACT is usually covered by and the belief — and hope — that his tumor “When we take a deep dive and look insurance, whole-genome sequencing at should respond to checkpoint inhibitor more broadly, we can discover new MSK Kids has been made possible through therapy, we suggested giving Joey a things,” Dr. Walsh remarks. philanthropic and research support. combination of immunotherapies,” says Dr. Dela Cruz. The team had only Computational biologist Elli Papaemmanuil anecdotal evidence it would work. But Joey leads the bioinformatics component for and his family jumped at the opportunity. the PTMP. Her team combines math, computer science, and to analyze “I wasn’t nervous at all,” Joey says. As large amounts of data in order to charac- he reflects back on that decision, he blows terize the makeup of a patient’s cancer. up a latex glove, filling it like a balloon. The findings provide clues into a patient’s “I wanted to do whatever it took for me diagnosis and the likely risk of the patient to feel better,” he adds. having inherited any cancer-causing mutations from a family member, as well After Joey completed two rounds of a as inform potential treatment options. combination of two immunotherapy Her team’s work was especially helpful medicines, the cancer had all but in determining Joey’s care plan. p Geneticist and pediatric oncologist disappeared. “When I opened the scans, Michael Walsh studies cancer-causing mutations in children. I thought I had the wrong patient file,” “Our preliminary data have opened our Dr. Dela Cruz recalls. “There was a eyes to the diversity and complexity of dramatic response. It was hard to believe.” pediatric cancers and how important it is to look at the entire genome to inform “Discovery Mode” our care for children,” she says. Joey’s experience is helping more members of the PTMP make other important One Step Further advances for MSK’s youngest patients. At MSK Kids, the ripple effect of treat- ment and care goes far beyond one “We’re in discovery mode every time family. The PTMP, MSK’s Department of we look at changes in these genes,” says Pathology, and the Sloan Kettering Institute’s geneticist and pediatric oncologist research-based Antitumor Assessment Michael Walsh, another member of Core often work together to create an the PTMP. He not only treats children exact replica of a child’s tumor, using p Pediatric sarcoma specialist Julia Glade Bender with cancer and those who have a pre- samples from their actual cells or tumor was part of the team that came up with Joey’s p Despite the difficulties, Joey kept his sense of humor during treatment. disposition to cancer but he also studies tissue. MSK teams test this replica against unique care plan.

12 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 13 eventually lead to clinical trials that may be expanded to other hospitals.”

When a medicine gets approved after such rigorous testing, it’s a watershed moment for young people everywhere who need it. It’s a “think local, act global” approach that is bringing hope to kids at MSK — and beyond. MAKING GOOD: A Bright Future How Jennifer James Became The combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy medications was a Fundraising Powerhouse difficult for Joey. Immunotherapy, espe- cially, was not easy — he developed fevers, low blood counts, and autoimmune hepatitis, which is when the immune p “My endless gratitude for MSK Kids’ lifesaving treatment and care makes me want to give back as much as possible,” says Jennifer James (right), with daughter Scarlett, son Austin, and husband Robert. Photo credit: Sara Beth Turner system attacks the liver. But thanks to MSK’s expertise in immunotherapy, his team knew how to manage these side Jennifer James is a dedicated philanthropist who has hosted or participated in more than effects. And Joey says he found positive 50 fundraising events, inspired more than 11,000 donations from almost 7,000 donors, moments to hang on to. He passed the p Joey’s younger brother, Jake (left), “was always by his side to cheer him up,” says mom Chrissy. and raised $3.1 million — all to support MSK Kids. time by watching movies, taking walks, various drugs, at different doses, to see and playing video games with his friends. “After my daughter, Scarlett, was diagnosed much of the research that led to the lemonade stands, talent shows, bake how it behaves. They can then form Jake was “always by his side to cheer with cancer, I was compelled to fund chemotherapies that Scarlett needed, sales, and numerous greeting card drives hypotheses about how the child’s tumor him up,” says Chrissy. Joey also attended research that would improve treatments Jennifer wanted to fund the development that deliver supportive messages to kids will respond. But that’s not all. “These a Major League Baseball game as part for children. I made a promise to myself of more-targeted treatments with fewer with cancer. Today, Scarlett visits schools models teach us many things, even of a partnership with the New York that I would do whatever I could to side effects. Pediatric cancer research in to educate students beyond just a single patient,” says Yankees that raises funds for MSK Kids. help other families,” Jennifer says. is drastically underfunded, receiving about pediatric cancer and also serves Dr. Dela Cruz. “What we learn from He even got a signed baseball from star less than 4 percent of federal cancer on the Kids Walk for MSK Kids Student every child can help future generations.” right fielder Aaron Judge. Scarlett was diagnosed with T cell lymphoma research dollars. To help close that gap, Board. Because of her work, Scarlett in 2013 when she was just 6 years old. She Jennifer created The Scarlett Fund. received an inaugural American Girl The excitement spreads as the groups “Immediately, I felt comfortable at MSK,” endured 25 months of difficult treatment — Mostly through grassroots efforts and Character Counts award. In addition share their findings across MSK. One Joey recalls. “MSK is my home away unable to return to school for two years. small donations, The Scarlett Fund raised to Kids Walk for MSK Kids, Jennifer particular goal? To match the discoveries from home.” During a chemotherapy appointment, enough to seed the Pediatric Translational participates in MSK’s Cycle for Survival, “Immediately, to a patient who could benefit from them. Jennifer saw a postcard for Kids Walk for Medicine Program, now directed by has run seven marathons with Fred’s I felt comfortable at That means sometimes a clinical trial Today, after completing all of his treat- MSK Kids, an annual fundraising event in Dr. Shukla. “The money that The Scarlett Team, is Co-Chair of MSK’s Patient here at MSK will have just one enrollee. ments, Joey shows no evidence of disease. . Fund raised is proof that one donation Family Advisory Council for Quality, MSK. It’s my home This requires strong support from the A high school freshman, he comes to makes a difference,” Jennifer says. and is a member of The Society of MSK. US Food and Drug Administration and MSK Kids to see Drs. Glade Bender and “It had been seven months since Scarlett “It all adds up.” away from home.” a pharmaceutical company willing to Dela Cruz every few months for a was diagnosed, and Kids Walk for In December 2019, the family received offer the drug to just one person. But the checkup. His parents are grateful they MSK Kids would be the first opportunity While The Scarlett Fund raises money the ultimate good news: Scarlett was payoff is huge: So far, five single-patient finally got the answers they needed at people had to see her and support our for research, it also raises awareness declared cancer free. After living with — Joey, MSK Kids patient use (SPU) clinical trials at MSK have MSK — although Joey says he had a family,” says Jennifer. “Most people really about the opportunities for everyone — the diagnosis for six long years, Jennifer advanced to full-fledged studies offered good feeling about the hospital when do want to support you. Sometimes they especially kids — to get involved. “I asked 13-year-old Scarlett if she wanted at MSK and elsewhere, with new he walked through the doors. just don’t know how.” try to empower children to make a to take a break from her work with discoveries unfolding at every turn. difference,” Jennifer says. “If I help The Scarlett Fund. As Chrissy recounts it, “The first day Once Scarlett’s doctors, Peter Steinherz raise a community of young people “We always collect a lot of data when Joey came here, he said, ‘Mom, it’s OK and Neal Shukla, gave the green light for who know about pediatric cancer, Her response: “No, Mommy. I want to we do SPUs, so we can learn as much now. I’ll hopefully be able to help a lot her to participate, Jennifer invited all then hopefully they will become give more.” as possible about how and why these of people.’ ” of their friends and family to join. more involved as they grow up.” drugs work or don’t,” says Dr. Glade To learn about the many options for Bender. “Because we collect so much By helping to further the research into The event helped light a spark in Jennifer. Through The Scarlett Fund, young people supporting MSK through philanthropy, information with them, they can childhood cancer, he’s doing just that. l Knowing that philanthropy funded around the country have organized visit Giving.MSKCC.org. l

14 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 15 In 2019, Memorial Sloan Kettering distinguished its world-renowned pediatrics department with a unique identity inspired by the vision the program holds for the future. Vibrant visuals and extraordinary stories celebrate MSK’s exceptional pediatric care — we are proud to ONE introduce MSK Kids. The Department of Pediatrics, MSK’s integral part of care, working with leadership, and the Department of teams of experts to ensure the most Marketing & Communications worked individualized approach for each child. VISION together for more than a year and a half to create the foundation that brought “MSK Kids represents every individual MSK Kids to life. The new logo and who touches the life of a child treated name debuted at Kids Walk for here. It’s about unifying people, science, MSK Kids in May 2019. and care to support every child and their family,” says Andrew Kung, Chair All of MSK’s pediatric efforts — across of the Department of Pediatrics. p MSK Kids reflects the spirit and individuality surgery, oncology, radiation oncology, of its community. radiology, pathology, nursing, supportive After carefully identifying the core care, and beyond — are represented in values and messages that define new ways as part of MSK Kids. MSK Kids, the team developed a unique design and spirited imagery to illustrate MSK Kids is dedicated to caring for children, MSK’s commitment to caring for young teenagers, and young adults with cancer people with cancer. Together, the new and related diseases. It’s where the brand and voice have come to life in every latest science meets the compassionate avenue of MSK, from the institution’s care that has always been a hallmark of website to advertisements throughout MSK. And as the largest pediatric cancer the New York City metro area. As MSK program in the country, MSK Kids offers Kids grows and evolves, one constant p Patients and families — the heart of MSK Kids — unparalleled expertise and cutting-edge will remain: the most state-of-the-art got together for a day of photo shoots. The new photos, like the one on the opposite page, help treatments often not available elsewhere. and compassionate care for MSK’s tell the story of MSK Kids on our web pages and Parents and other loved ones are an young patients. l in advertisements.

p With help from some young supporters, Chair of the Department of Pediatrics Andrew Kung introduced the new identity at Kids Walk for MSK Kids in May 2019. t MSK Kids works relentlessly for the kids and young adults we care for, their families, and everyone facing pediatric cancer.

2019 ANNUAL REPORT 17 Tissues in the human body are like a pointillist painting. From afar, they appear smooth and seamless, but up close, millions of individual cells reveal distinct identities.

A cell’s identity is determined In essence, researchers can zoom by the genes it turns on. Until in on a tissue’s pointillist parts. recently, the only way to learn what genes were turned on in Sloan Kettering Institute cells was to look at the blend Developmental Biology Program of genetic material pulled Chair Kat Hadjantonakis is keen from thousands of cells. This to exploit the power of single-cell technique provides a clear measure analysis. She wants to use the of overall gene activity but is a method to answer long-standing poor indicator of what’s happening questions about how we develop inside individual cells. as embryos. One in particular has stoked her passion: What happens And that’s a problem because to cells in extraembryonic tissues, in biology, even one cell can such as the placenta, as an make a difference. embryo grows?

Thanks to an approach called “The dogma in the field of single-cell analysis, the picture mammalian embryonic develop- is changing. This technique ment was that extraembryonic combines advanced genomic se- tissues, such as the placenta, quencing tools and sophisticated are just that — they’re external computational methods. With to the embryo,” she says. “They it, biologists can peer inside support the embryo during its individual cells to see which in utero development, but they’re particular genes are turned on. dispensable for adult life because

t Single cells from the embryo of a mouse are plotted according to their similarity in . Each dot represents the expression of a particular gene in one cell. Different colors correspond to different types of cells in the embryo. Single-cell analysis like this is a powerful tool that allows researchers in the Sloan Kettering Institute to paint a clearer picture of development, one cell at a time. Image: Courtesy of the Hadjantonakis lab 18 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 19 p Sonja Nowotschin, a senior research scientist in the Hadjantonakis lab in SKI and co-first author on the Nature paper, is studying the role that extraembryonic cells play in development and disease. the second you are born, you shed come from?” she asks. “We could your extraembryonic tissue.” never really address that question because a technique to do so But what Dr. Hadjantonakis and her didn’t exist.” co-investigators have found with the help of single-cell analysis is that, in Now, with single-cell analysis, it does. Researchers used mice, cells from extraembryonic Single-cell analysis had to await the sources and cells from the embryo do development of computational single-cell analysis mix. Adult tissues, such as the gut, in methods powerful enough to handle to analyze gene fact, contain mixtures of the two. The the massive amount of complex data results alter the story of mammalian that comes from sequencing the gene activity in nearly development. They also raise the products of thousands of individual question of how these extraembryonic cells at once. To wield these methods interlopers might impact cancer. appropriately, training in computational biology is required. 120,000 Decisions, Decisions Using cutting-edge microscopic imaging That’s why Dr. Hadjantonakis teamed individual cells of methods, Dr. Hadjantonakis’s team up with SKI computational biologist the developing first observed that mouse embryos Dana Pe’er, a world-renowned expert in contained cells from extraembryonic single-cell analysis who also possesses mouse embryo. tissues more than a decade ago. At the mathematic acumen needed to that time, the discovery elicited more interpret this kind of data. They used questions than answers. One question the technique to analyze gene activity has persisted ever since: “Are these in nearly 120,000 individual cells of cells different based on where they the developing mouse embryo and

u Developmental biologist Kat Hadjantonakis and her team are helping to answer long-standing questions about embryonic development.

20 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 21 published their findings in the journal functioning of major internal organs is Nature in April 2019. unknown. The SKI researchers think that the differences may not count as From these data, they were able to much when tissue is healthy but could show, beyond a doubt, that mouse have consequences during disease. embryos contain extraembryonic “The idea that the cells. The cells could be distinguished “One of the things that is being on the basis of their gene activity. discovered — in my lab and in others — major internal organs is that cancer cells tend to revert to “The idea that the major internal developmentally more primitive states in our body are a mosaic organs in our body are a mosaic mixture to do their evil deeds,” Dr. Pe’er says. mixture of embryonic of embryonic and extraembryonic tissues was shocking to me,” says “Some of the nastiest cancers are and extraembryonic Dr. Pe’er, who is Chair of the those involving internal organs, like Computational and Systems the lungs, gut, pancreas, and liver. For tissues was shocking Biology Program at SKI. “It’s even combating them, understanding the more surprising than if you told me normal development of these tissues to me.” that the heart was made up of both is going to be critical,” she adds. heart cells and cells from the brain.” — Dana Pe’er, Chair of the Computational In biology, as in art, getting up close and Systems Biology Program, Whether this patchwork of cells and personal with the subject can Sloan Kettering Institute with different origins matters for the change the way you see the world. l

p Computational biologist Dana Pe’er is an expert in single-cell RNA sequencing. t The Pe’er lab uses powerful computational methods to analyze vast amounts of data, with the goal of answering fundamental questions about biomedical science.

22 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 23 At first glance, Robert Rose’s visits to Memorial Sloan Kettering’s Rockefeller Outpatient Pavilion may appear deceptively routine.

Robert, 67, has kidney cancer. First in Human Once a month, he sees MSK nurses For eight years, Ms. Clemens Kristen Clemens and Stephanie worked at MSK as an inpatient Hicklin. Working as part of a team, nurse, caring for people in they ask him about such symptoms the hospital as they recovered as fatigue or feeling unusually cold, from surgery and other cancer take his vital signs, and draw his treatments. However, she felt blood, all while bantering about drawn to research to advance “what’s going on with each other’s the understanding and treatment families and who’s expecting a of cancer. In 2017, she joined a baby,” says Robert. specialized nursing team at MSK that cares for people who enroll But on closer examination, these in first-in-human clinical trials. procedures are part of an intricate effort at the furthest frontier of “First-in-human trials are done cancer research, and Ms. Clemens to establish a standard therapeutic and Ms. Hicklin are playing a dose of a new cancer drug and to vital role. They are clinical trials make sure it’s safe and effective in nurses, with specialized skills for people,” says Ms. Clemens. “That testing potential new therapies. means that my patient could be Robert is participating in a phase one of a handful of humans — or I clinical trial — a first-in-human maybe even the very first human — investigation that is the high- to receive what could become the stakes moment when medicine next blockbuster cancer treatment. that has shown great promise For me as a nurse, it adds an in a lab is given to people for the entirely different dimension to very first time. the time we spend together.”

t Robert Rose dances with his daughter, Lillianne, at her wedding in 2019. A phase I clinical trial for kidney cancer is helping to make sure he can “live his life to the fullest,” says nurse Kristen Clemens. Photo credit: Anastasia Romanova Photography

24 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 25 going to work. But I remind them that With this greater capacity, MSK, which the whole team will be here every step already has one of the largest clinical of the way supporting them through trial programs in the country, will it, and that every cancer treatment further strengthen its efforts to develop available today started with a trial new therapies. “Clinical trials are just like theirs.” “There are never any guarantees that providing more While caring for Robert over the past a treatment will work for everyone,” two and a half years, both nurses have Ms. Clemens says, “but the hope that treatment options developed a strong bond with him. it might help someone really bonds me for patients, helping Ms. Hicklin says, “He asks a lot of to my patients. Without these patients, questions about our lives. He is the kind discovering medications wouldn’t be people live longer, of person who cares about his nurses.” possible. They are very brave.” and ultimately Ms. Clemens adds, “I love to see him Ms. Hicklin is just as impressed by her when I’m training clinical trials nurses patients, as well as the doctors, nurses, bringing us closer because he really knows the drill. He and other care team members she works to a cure.” will run down the list of questions he with. “Clinical trials are providing more knows I’m going to ask.” treatment options for patients, helping — Stephanie Hicklin, people live longer, and ultimately bringing clinical trials nurse Robert’s health has improved considerably us closer to a cure. The work that we are on the trial, which combines the doing is changing the future of cancer immunotherapy treatment nivolumab care,” she says. “And that is a really cool (Opdivo®) with an investigational thing to be a part of.” l drug called IL-10, which he injects into his belly every day. “His tumors have shrunk or disappeared, after years of being sick,” says Ms. Clemens. “He is back to gardening and growing tomatoes. He was able to see his daughter get married.”

In short, Ms. Clemens says, “He is living life to the fullest.”

Creating the Future p Clinical trials nurses Kristen Clemens (left) and Stephanie Hicklin are advancing cancer research through their work with patients getting novel treatments. of Cancer Care Still, successes with first-in-human Her feelings are echoed by her affect patients. They make sure that trials are few and far between, which colleague Ms. Hicklin. “I wanted to patients understand their treatment makes it challenging to find funding. specialize as a clinical trials nurse because and receive the support they need to “Philanthropy plays a crucial role in we are at the forefront of cancer research successfully participate in the clinical trial.” getting first-in-human trials off the while still providing direct patient care,” ground, especially for rare diseases for Ms. Hicklin says. Providing that care in A Special Bond with Patients which large pharmaceutical companies a first-in-human clinical trial requires a Of course, caring for people who are may not be focusing their efforts,” substantial team. This includes principal part of a first-in-human investigation Dr. Stein says. investigators, who oversee the trial and requires not just superb medical skills evaluate patients while continuously but also compassion and a warm bedside MSK works to ensure that philanthropy analyzing the trial’s results. manner. MSK’s clinical trials nurses has the maximum impact on vital make sure every patient knows they research. For instance, at the recently “Without [clinical trials] nurses, I are being cared for according to their opened David H. Koch Center for wouldn’t be able to do my job,” explains individual needs. Ms. Hicklin explains Cancer Care at Memorial Sloan Kettering Eytan Stein, Director of the Center for that being part of a clinical trial that Cancer Center, which was generously Drug Development in Leukemia. “Nurses investigates a new therapy “can some- supported by a $150 million gift — assess and help manage toxicities, and times be scary for patients and their the largest in MSK’s history — an

coordinate the tests that are crucial to families because they don’t know how entire floor is devoted to clinical trials, p Robert says part of joining a clinical trial is to help other patients in the future. Photo: Courtesy understanding how these new drugs they’re going to react or if it is even especially those in the earliest phases. of Robert Rose

26 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 27 Manisha Koirala, one of India’s leading film actors, sensed something was amiss when her extended family filed into her room and stood silently around her bed. She had been waiting all day in the Kathmandu, Nepal, hospital for a diagnosis to explain the mysterious pain and bloating in her abdomen. Nobody spoke. “What is it?” she asked. “Won’t someone tell me what’s wrong?”

Her eyes fell on her lifelong doctor, Raising the Bar pleading for an explanation. MSK’s expertise in gynecologic Through tears, he told her she cancers has given new hope had advanced ovarian cancer. to many women who, like It had spread everywhere. Manisha, face tough odds. In 2019, U.S. News & World Report Manisha was in a state of shock. ranked MSK number one for As the reality of the news set in, gynecology in its listing of the she thought about making peace nation’s best hospitals. This with it and “saying goodbye to honor reflects the dedication everyone and everything,” she MSK brings to caring for people says. But she was not ready to with all stages of cervical, ovarian, give up. Her family members and endometrial cancers. urged her to go to the to seek treatment. “Our team takes great pride in raising the bar of exceptional The long journey paid off: patient care, and we’re honored Today, after successful treatment to receive the number-one at Memorial Sloan Kettering, designation,” says Nadeem she remains in remission after Abu-Rustum, Chief of the more than seven years. Gynecology Service.

t Surgeons (from left) Yukio Sonoda, Ginger Gardner, Dennis Chi, Kara Long Roche, and Oliver Zivanovic are some of the more than 50 highly skilled doctors providing care as part of MSK’s world-class Gynecology Service.

28 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 29 The gynecologic team is made up of This extensive procedure is called more than 50 highly skilled doctors debulking surgery. MSK’s who focus exclusively on treating these ovarian cancer specialists are diseases, including very challenging extremely practiced at this approach, cases, such as Manisha’s. which boosts the effectiveness of chemotherapy given afterward to “The gynecologic cancer group destroy any lingering cancer cells. has extensive collaboration, not just Studies at MSK and around the between the surgeons and oncologists world have shown that removing but also the other specialities, like this much cancer tissue makes a big pathology, radiology, and radiation difference in improving survival. oncology, as well as the nurses and other medical staff,” Dr. Abu-Rustum Preserving Well-Being says. “Patients benefit greatly from Helping women maintain the best the insights of top specialists working quality of life is a top priority for the closely to produce the best outcomes.” gynecologic team. To achieve this, they “Dr. Chi had been the first perform minimally invasive surgeries doctor to give me hope, Highly Specialized Techniques whenever possible, enabling women to Treating these cancers almost always leave the hospital sooner and complete and he, Dr. Makker, and starts with surgery. But before treatment their recovery at home. They’ve perfected can begin, a precise diagnosis is surgical techniques to reduce the risk the entire team gave me essential. MSK’s pathologists use of side effects, such as lymphedema, a state-of-the-art equipment and the painful swelling that can develop after In its most recent "Best Hospitals" my second life. I don’t most-advanced techniques to classify lymph nodes have been removed. They list, U.S. News & World Report named MSK’s Gynecology Service have enough words and assess cancers. “The female are also adept at operating in ways that as the number-one program in the reproductive system is one of the can help women preserve their fertility. country, the first time that MSK has to thank them.” body’s more complex organ systems,” received the top national ranking in a specialty other than cancer. says Lora Ellenson, Director of Dr. Chi’s surgery put Manisha in — Manisha Koirala, Gynecologic Pathology. “Each member the best position to start receiving MSK patient and actor of our team has expertise concerning chemotherapy, which was overseen the immense variety of tumor types by medical oncologist Vicky Makker. that arise there. This allows the treating doctor to choose the most effective therapy.”

If surgery is needed, some doctors within the gynecologic team specialize even further in particular cancers. For example, MSK has five surgeons who deal solely with ovarian cancer. “This has enabled us to develop a deep level of expertise for treating this cancer because we have done such a large number of procedures,” explains Dennis Chi, Head of Ovarian Cancer Surgery, who operated on Manisha.

“When I met Dr. Chi, he told me he had done similar surgeries on late-stage ovarian cancer, and the patients were still doing well,” Manisha says. “I became confident seeing his confidence.”

During Manisha’s 11-hour surgery, p Nadeem Abu-Rustum, Chief of the Gynecology Service, has vast experience doing surgery using minimally invasive methods. Dr. Chi removed all the visible tumors, t Manisha Koirala is using her personal story and experience at MSK to raise awareness for even those as small as a grain of sand. ovarian cancer. Photo credit: Amit Ashar

30 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 31 While Manisha responded well to trials are testing the use of drugs called One project that began in 2019 is a treatment, she faced side effects common checkpoint inhibitors, which help unleash collaboration between the gynecologic team to people on chemotherapy, such as pain, the body’s immune cells to attack the cancer. and Chief of Computational Oncology weakness, and nausea, which required Sohrab Shah. Called MSK SPECTRUM, careful management by Dr. Makker. The team is also working with researchers it involves the study of genetic mutations She also encountered feelings of fear to improve the understanding of how that develop in serous ovarian cancer, the and, at times, felt emotionally depleted. gynecologic cancers develop, progress, most common type. By conducting genetic “These treatments can lead to complex and respond to treatment. Molecular analysis of the cancer cells at multiple emotional and psychosocial issues that geneticist Britta Weigelt leads a laboratory stages of treatment, the researchers are we must anticipate and be ready to that studies the genetic makeup of gaining insights into how the cancer evolves address,” explains Dr. Makker. gynecologic cancers — both in tumor over time, both spontaneously and in cells and DNA shed into the bloodstream reaction to treatment. They hope to shed The close partnership between the — to learn more about how mutations light on how the immune system responds gynecologic specialists and the social cause and promote these cancers to these changes so they can design workers, counselors, and other experts and how they affect resistance better therapies. in MSK’s support programs help women to treatments. maintain a sense of hope while facing The goal of all this research and collab- what is likely the biggest challenge “We have created a collaborative oration is to lead to even more success of their lives. Clinical psychologists space for people on the gynecologic stories like Manisha’s. She returned offer emotional and spiritual support team, including oncologists, surgeons, to acting in 2017 and now uses her during and after treatment, and certified and pathologists, to perform research celebrity status and personal story therapists guide women dealing with addressing clinical needs related to draw attention to ovarian cancer. sexual health challenges. to these cancers,” she says. “This allows us to translate findings from “Dr. Chi had been the first doctor to give Advancing the Field our lab to patients — and vice versa — me hope, and he, Dr. Makker, and the MSK doctors are leading many clinical at an incredibly rapid pace. It is a entire team gave me my second life,” trials testing new therapies, including privilege to benefit patients’ lives Manisha says. “I don’t have enough immunotherapy. Multiple MSK-led through our scientific discoveries.” words to thank them.” l p Medical oncologist Vicky Makker (center) collaborates closely with other specialists, including nurses and physician assistants, such as Elizabeth Butler (right), to tailor care plans.

p The gynecology team, including radiation oncologist Fumiko Chino, comes together weekly to discuss challeng- ing cases and decide on the best approach for caring for each patient.

p Molecular geneticist Britta Weigelt (right) leads a research team that studies genetic mutations in gynecologic tumors. Their work is uncovering p MSK patients with gynecologic cancer benefit from the combined expertise how these cancers develop and respond to treatments. of surgeons, medical oncologists, nurses, radiologists, radiation oncologists, and pathologists.

32 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 33 Whether it’s a routine check of cholesterol and iron levels or a much more serious and complex test, the experience of having blood drawn is nearly universal: You roll up your sleeve and get a tourniquet on your arm, then a swab with an alcohol wipe and a needle stick.

But what happens to the blood of Health approved a liquid after it’s whisked away to a lab biopsy test called MSK-ACCESS, has become increasingly cutting- developed at Memorial Sloan edge. Technology can now reveal Kettering. “Unlike most other secrets in blood that would have liquid biopsies, which look for remained a mystery just a few only a few mutations associated years ago. with one particular type of cancer, this test is very different because Perhaps one of the most exciting it can be used for any kind of blood tests to arise in the past advanced cancer,” says medical few years is the liquid biopsy. oncologist Bob Li, whose research These tests aim to characterize focuses on the development of liq- the molecular workings of cancer uid biopsies and the use of these in a way that’s easier, faster, and tests in patient care. less invasive for patients. “This test directly compares a Liquid biopsies saw a big leap patient’s cancerous and normal forward in June 2019, when DNA for accurate diagnosis,” the New York State Department adds Dr. Li, who is Co-Director

t It’s now possible to detect and analyze cancer DNA that’s hiding out among blood cells in the bloodstream, like the one illustrated here.

34 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 35 of the Thoracic Liquid Biopsy Program are not able to provide the necessary at MSK. MSK-ACCESS (a much shorter answers,” says geneticist Michael Berger, name for Analysis of Circulating Associate Director of the Marie-Josée Cell-Free DNA to Evaluate Somatic and Henry R. Kravis Center for Status) is already starting to be used Molecular Oncology (CMO) at MSK. as a standard part of care across MSK. MSK-ACCESS was developed by the The test, which is currently funded CMO and members of the Department by philanthropy, can detect common of Pathology. cancer mutations in 129 genes using only a blood sample. The same collaborative team also “Being able to get developed MSK-IMPACT™, a test that Liquid biopsies are one of the has been used since 2014 to search for results quickly can methods being developed to support mutations and other genetic changes in the growing field of precision medicine. tumor tissue. “All of the data that we’ve help guide rapid Precision drugs aim to zero in on the collected from MSK-IMPACT was used precision therapy molecular changes that define a tumor, to develop MSK-ACCESS,” Dr. Berger says. stopping cancer cells from growing and provide peace while sparing healthy tissue. But to “When we are able to obtain tissue treat cancer with one of these targeted samples, MSK-IMPACT is still the of mind to patients drugs, doctors have to figure out which gold standard for molecular analysis,” gene mutation is propelling the tumor. Dr. Berger adds. “But liquid biopsies and their families.” Once they identify a cancer’s so-called have a lot of practical advantages driver mutation, they can select the and open up a range of new clinical — Bob Li, Co-Director of the best drug to block that mutation and opportunities.” Thoracic Liquid Biopsy Program quell the cancer’s growth. Taking a Wide-Ranging Finding the driver mutation is usually Look at Cancer not an easy task. Tests like MSK-ACCESS MSK-ACCESS and other liquid biopsies illuminate a cancer’s genomic changes by are designed to take advantage of one sifting through hundreds of potential of the attributes of cancer cells: When cancer-causing mutations in millions they die, cancer cells break apart and of DNA molecules. “We developed release their DNA into the blood- MSK-ACCESS to address the urgent stream. Liquid biopsy tests can search clinical needs in molecular diagnosis, this free-floating genetic material and particularly when tumor biopsies detect cancer mutations.

p “We developed MSK-ACCESS to address the urgent clinical needs in molecular diagnosis, particularly when tumor biopsies are not able to provide the necessary answers,” says geneticist Michael Berger (left), with senior computational biologist Helen Won.

t Medical oncologist Bob Li, Co-Director of MSK’s Thoracic Liquid Biopsy Program, is focused on finding less-invasive ways to monitor people being treated for cancer.

36 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 37 These tests have several benefits for “Liquid biopsies can make a huge patients. Since a more invasive difference in patient care,” Dr. Li says. procedure like a tissue biopsy isn’t “Being able to get results quickly can “Liquid biopsies required and liquid biopsies can be help guide rapid precision therapy and done during a regular office visit, they provide peace of mind to patients and have a lot of practical can be performed much more often. their families.” This allows doctors to monitor cancer advantages and open up more closely, to learn if it’s changing New Applications for and becoming resistant to treatment. an Important Tool a range of new clinical Additionally, in people with cancer “We are still learning all the ways that opportunities.” that is widespread, a single liquid MSK-ACCESS can benefit our patients,” biopsy test provides a comprehensive Dr. Berger says. “I’m excited to continue — Michael Berger, Associate Director look at the genetic changes across developing this test with my colleagues.” every tumor in the body. He notes that the team already has plans of the Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis to expand the way the test is used. For one Center for Molecular Oncology Research done by Dr. Li and colleagues thing, MSK-ACCESS will be an integral CHANGING COURSE: has found that liquid biopsies are also part of upcoming studies aimed at How a Liquid Biopsy Put Steve faster than tissue biopsies. When time determining which patients are at the is of the essence for patients and their greatest risk of having their cancer on a New Path to Recovery families, speed matters. come back after surgery.

Finding a tumor’s driver mutation “Liquid biopsies hold promise for many q Investigators in the Marie-Josée and quickly is important because it additional applications in the future,” Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology enables people who are sick to start Dr. Li concludes. “But it’s important and the Department of Pathology collaborated the right drug sooner. And when a p Steve Buechse (here with his pit bull, Bunny) benefited from a liquid biopsy that helped match his disease to an effective targeted therapy. on the development of MSK-ACCESS. From left: for patients to know that liquid biopsy geneticist Michael Berger, Molecular Diagnostics tumor develops resistance to therapy, is already here today in the clinic. Service Chief Marc Ladanyi, molecular geneticist knowing earlier on that a drug has For people with advanced-stage Steve Buechse had been coughing for months and was tired all the time. In January 2019, Dana Tsui, Associate Director of Clinical Bioinformatics stopped working can help ensure cancer, these tests may provide he found out why: He had a tumor pressing on both sides of his windpipe. He was diagnosed Rose Brannon, molecular geneticist Ryma Benayed, that the patient will continue to bioinformatician Ahmet Zehir, and Department of important guidance for making with stage III lung cancer. Steve thought he’d be facing an uphill battle of complicated treatments get effective treatment. Pathology Chair David Klimstra. treatment decisions.” l and all the potential side effects that can come along with them. “I knew right away that this was serious, and I needed to get to Memorial Sloan Kettering,” he says.

The 60-year-old New Jersey resident Based on the liquid biopsy results, tell immediately that his health was went to MSK Monmouth, just a short Dr. Namakydoust thought Steve might improving,” Dr. Namakydoust says. distance from his home in Tom’s River. be a good candidate for a drug called “He told me he didn’t realize how sick alectinib (Alecensa®). Alectinib is he’d been until he started feeling better.” At his first appointment with medical approved to target ALK gene fusions. oncologist Azadeh Namakydoust, Steve But because his specific fusion was Steve’s been able to continue working — learned that the cancer was actually stage completely new, she wasn’t sure as a print coordinator for a civil IV and that, depending on its mutations, whether it would be effective. engineering firm. And he’s excited he might benefit from targeted therapy. for warm weather, when he’ll be able Dr. Namakydoust ordered a genetic test “Dr. Namakydoust and her team did a lot to resume his favorite hobbies: fishing, of the tumor to find out what was propel- of research and worked very hard to find swimming, and long walks with his pit ling its growth. The results were incon- the best treatment for me,” Steve says. bull rescue, Bunny. clusive, so she ordered a liquid biopsy. That test revealed that the tumor was Thankfully, Dr. Namakydoust was right: For now, Steve sees Dr. Namakydoust driven by a fusion gene called ALK-PON1. Steve has been taking alectinib for more every three to four months. She is following than a year and feels great. “I could feel his progress with CT scans. And since Fusion genes occur when a gene breaks the tumor shrinking within the first week. MSK-ACCESS has been approved for off from one chromosome and attaches My cough was already getting better,” he clinical use, she’ll be able to monitor his itself to another. In adults, they are says. “I take four pills in the morning and cancer with the liquid biopsy as well. usually found in blood cancers; they are four at night. That’s it. Other than a little much less common in solid tumors like fatigue, I don’t have any side effects.” “I was in rough shape before I started Steve’s. In fact, Dr. Namakydoust and her this treatment. I’ve really come a long colleagues had never seen this particular “When Steve came to see me a few way,” Steve says. “From where I sit, fusion gene before. days after starting the drug, I could I just feel very grateful.” l

38 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 39 In 1884, Memorial Sloan Kettering — then known as the New York Cancer Hospital — was founded in Manhattan. It was the first hospital in the United States dedicated solely to cancer care at a time when few treatment options existed. Fast-forward 135 years through countless extraordinary advances in research, treatment, and education, and MSK has grown to be the world’s largest private cancer center, setting the pace for a field that continues to evolve at incredible speed.

A network of more than years in the making — the 20 patient care facilities around completion of the David H. Koch New York and New Jersey has Center for Cancer Care at flourished from that original Memorial Sloan Kettering hospital on the . Cancer Center on New York City’s Upper East Side. In 2019, the institution’s capacity expanded further Take a look inside and see still: MSK Nassau opened its how one mission serves as doors to residents of Long the foundation for these Island and eastern Queens. world-class facilities, guiding each person who walks The year also marked the through the doors. culmination of a vision many

t Nurse Jodie Pindulic is one of the many staff members who help create a caring and healing community at the David H. Koch Center for Cancer Care at Memorial Sloan Kettering.

40 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 41 MSK NASSAU

p MSK Nassau was built to foster collaboration. By working side by side, care team members — such as clinical nurse Shirley Pang (left) and medical oncologist Kenneth Ng — combine their expertise for each patient’s benefit.

p Occupational therapist Claudine Campbell helps patients manage the side effects of cancer and its treatment. MSK Nassau offers comprehensive rehabilitation services p Located in Uniondale, the 114,000-square-foot facility including rehabilitation medicine, physical and occupational offers nearly every aspect of outpatient cancer care. therapies, and therapies for edema (swelling). The bright, welcoming space is designed to meet patients’ and caregivers’ needs.

p Regional Care Network Medical Site Director Pamela Drullinsky (left) is one of the more than 300 staff members providing world-class care at the new facility. This includes personalized care plans and new therapies being studied in clinical trials.

p MSK Nassau has three linear accelerators. Highly trained radiation oncologists and radiation therapists, like Derek Fogelson, use these machines to deliver precise radiation treatments. p MSK Nassau’s infusion areas provide a calm setting for patients receiving chemotherapy, immunotherapy, p Thanks to an on-site rapid-response lab staffed by experts, such as clinical pathologist Maly Fenelus, patients can get and other types of infusions. important test results quickly and discuss them with their care teams.

42 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 43 THE DAVID H. KOCH CENTER FOR CANCER CARE AT MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER

p The facility’s postanesthesia care unit provides patients with private rooms in which to recover after outpatient procedures. Care teams are stationed right outside. Sixteen inpatient rooms equipped with cutting-edge technology for care and comfort are available for those requiring a short stay.

p The 25-floor facility brings together nearly every aspect of cancer care under one roof. Patients can receive many of the services they need in a single visit. p Medical oncologist and Medical Director of the David H. Koch Center for Cancer Care Paul Hamlin leads the clinical staff, all of whom are dedicated to providing comprehensive care to each patient.

p The David H. Koch Center for Cancer Care at MSK offers patients innovative treatment options, including one of the country’s first MR-linear accelerators. This technology combines radiation therapy and magnetic resonance imaging to target cancer cells with great precision. The facility also has spaces specifically designed to study new therapies in early-phase clinical trials.

p The facility promotes collaboration by bringing together care teams. Hematologic oncologist Gunjan Shah (left)

p In total, some 1,300 employees — including nurses with is part of the largest gathering of hematologic experts p Stephen Solomon, Chief of the Interventional Radiology specialized expertise — work together at the David H. ever at MSK. Specialists in blood and marrow stem cell Service, and his team provide patients with minimally Koch Center for Cancer Care at MSK to help patients transplantation, chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy, invasive image-guided therapies at the new facility. and caregivers have the best possible experience. lymphoma, and other blood cancers are all on-site.

44 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 45 2019 IN REVIEW

Boards of Overseers and Managers Leadership Statistical Profile Financial Summary MSK Giving Donors to Memorial Sloan Kettering The Society of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

2019 ANNUAL REPORT 47

LOUIS V. GERSTNER, JR. GRADUATE SCHOOL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES BOARDS OF OVERSEERS AND MANAGERS MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2019 AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2019

SCOTT M. STUART DOUGLAS A. WARNER III LOUIS V. GERSTNER, JR. CRAIG B. THOMPSON, MD Chair Honorary Chair Chairman of the Board President

MARIE-JOSÉE KRAVIS LOUIS V. GERSTNER, JR. JOAN MASSAGUÉ, PhD MICHAEL LINDA D. BURNLEY Vice Chair of Boards and Honorary Chair of the Board, Provost OVERHOLTZER, PhD Associate Dean Chair, Board of Managers, Sloan Kettering Institute Dean Sloan Kettering Institute KATHRYN MARTIN MARK SVENNINGSON CAROLYN B. LEVINE, ESQ. JAMIE C. NICHOLLS RICHARD I. BEATTIE Treasurer Assistant Treasurer Secretary Vice Chair of Boards and Honorary Chair of the Board, Chair, Board of Managers, Memorial Hospital Memorial Hospital TRUSTEES Dominic Barton * David H. Koch Craig B. Thompson, MD CLIFTON S. ROBBINS CRAIG B. THOMPSON, MD Richard I. Beattie Marie-Josée Kravis Douglas A. Warner III Treasurer President and Chief Executive Ellen V. Futter Alan D. Schnitzer Officer Louis V. Gerstner, Jr. Scott M. Stuart

+ Kate Allen Ellen V. Futter Hutham S. Olayan Craig B. Thompson, MD Dominic Barton * Philip H. Geier, Jr. Bruce C. Ratner David Torchiana, MD Richard I. Beattie Louis V. Gerstner, Jr. Clifton S. Robbins Lucy R. Waletzky, MD Aneel Bhusri Jonathan N. Grayer Alexander T. Robertson Douglas A. Warner III Mrs. John J. Byrne Jane D. Hartley James D. Robinson III Peter A. Weinberg Ian M. Cook Benjamin W. Heineman, Jr. Virginia M. Rometty Jon Winkelried Stanley F. Druckenmiller William Helman David M. Rubenstein Deborah C. Wright Anthony B. Evnin, PhD Margaret M. Keane Lewis A. Sanders Mortimer B. Zuckerman Roger W. Ferguson, Jr. * David H. Koch Alan D. Schnitzer Henry A. Fernandez Marie-Josée Kravis Norman C. Selby SLOAN KETTERING DIVISION WEILL CORNELL Steve Forbes * Donald B. Marron Stephen C. Sherrill GRADUATE SCHOOL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES William E. Ford Kathryn Martin Peter J. Solomon Richard N. Foster, PhD Jamie C. Nicholls John R. Strangfeld AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2019 Stephen Friedman James G. Niven Scott M. Stuart

BOARD OF OVERSEERS EMERITI JOAN MASSAGUÉ, PhD USHMA NEILL, PhD Director Vice President, Scientific Peter O. Crisp Elizabeth J. McCormack, PhD Education and Training James W. Kinnear Benjamin M. Rosen Paul A. Marks, MD Fayez S. Sarofim GRADUATE PROGRAM CO-CHAIRS

BOARD OF SCIENTIFIC CONSULTANTS CHRISTOPHER D. KRISTIAN HELIN, PhD ALEXANDER Y. LIMA, PhD Cell and Developmental RUDENSKY, PhD Frederick R. Applebaum, MD Titia de Lange, PhD Gregory Hannon, PhD Antoni Ribas, MD, PhD Biochemistry and Biology Unit Immunology and Microbial Richard Axel, MD James R. Downing, MD Arthur Levinson, PhD James E. Rothman, PhD Structural Biology Unit Pathogenesis Unit Philip A. Cole, MD, PhD Levi A. Garraway, MD, PhD Richard Lifton, MD, PhD Kevan Shokat, PhD DAVID A. SCHEINBERG, Kathleen Cooney, MD Maura L. Gillison, MD, PhD Olufunmilayo Olopade, MD Ralph Weissleder, MD, PhD ANDREW KOFF, PhD MD, PhD Nancy E. Davidson, MD Joseph L. Goldstein, MD Aviv Regev, PhD Irving L. Weissman, MD Unit Pharmacology Unit

+ ex officio * The Boards of Overseers and Managers and the Memorial Sloan Kettering community note with sadness the passing of David H. Koch, Philip H. Geier, Jr., and Donald B. Marron.

48 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 49

LEADERSHIP PROGRAM AND DEPARTMENT CHAIRS MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2019 AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2019

CRAIG B. THOMPSON, MD KATHRYN MARTIN EDWARD K. AVILA, DO SCOTT W. LOWE, PhD President and Chief Operating Officer Neurology (Acting Co-Chair) Cancer Biology and Genetics Chief Executive Officer COLIN BEGG, PhD ELIZABETH N. MCCORMICK, MSN, RN, CENP Epidemiology & Biostatistics Nursing LISA DEANGELIS, MD JOAN MASSAGUÉ, PhD Physician-in-Chief and Director, Sloan Kettering Chief Medical Officer, Institute WILLIAM S. BREITBART, MD INGO K. MELLINGHOFF, MD Memorial Hospital Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Neurology (Acting Co-Chair)

JOSEPH O. DEASY, PhD DANA PE’ER, PhD ELIZABETH N. LARRY NORTON, MD LEE ERICKSON, MD PETER STETSON, MD, MA Medical Physics Computational & Systems Biology MCCORMICK, Senior Vice President, Office Deputy Physician-in-Chief, Deputy Physician-in-Chief MSN, RN, CENP of the President and Medical Clinical Operations and Chief Health Informatics JEFFREY DREBIN, MD, PhD MELISSA S. PESSIN, MD, PhD Senior Vice President and Director, Evelyn H. Lauder Officer Surgery Laboratory Medicine Chief Nursing Officer Breast Center PAUL SABBATINI, MD Deputy Physician-in-Chief, ROBERT BENEZRA, PhD GREGORY FISCHER, MD JOHN PETRINI, PhD MURRAY F. BRENNAN, MD OREN CAHLON, MD Clinical Research Deputy Director, Anesthesiology & Critical Care Molecular Biology Senior Vice President, Deputy Physician-in-Chief, Sloan Kettering Institute International Programs and Strategic Partnerships KENT SEPKOWITZ, MD Core Technologies ANNA-KATERINA HADJANTONAKIS, PhD SIMON N. POWELL, MD, PhD Director, International Center Deputy Physician-in-Chief, Developmental Biology Radiation Oncology Quality and Safety KRISTIAN HELIN, PhD ALEXANDER Y. RUDENSKY, PhD Cell Biology Immunology DEBRA BERNS, ESQ. JUDY HAGERTY- KREG KOFORD CYNTHIA MCCOLLUM Senior Vice President and PAGLIA Senior Vice President, Senior Vice President, Chief Risk Officer Senior Vice President, Supply Chain and Sustaining Hospital Administration HEDVIG HRICAK, MD, PhD CHARLES L. SAWYERS, MD Hospital Administration Care Services Radiology Human Oncology & Pathogenesis KERRY BESSEY WENDY PERCHICK Senior Vice President and JAMES T. HARDEN RUTH LANDE Senior Vice President, PHILIP KANTOFF, MD DAVID A. SCHEINBERG, MD, PhD Chief Human Resources Senior Vice President, Senior Vice President, Strategic Planning and Medicine Molecular Pharmacology Officer Strategic Partnerships Patient Revenues Innovation DAVID S. KLIMSTRA, MD VIVIANE TABAR, MD MARGARET M. BURKE MICHAEL CAROLYN B. LEVINE, ESQ. MARK RADZYNER Pathology Neurosurgery Senior Vice President, HARRINGTON Deputy General Counsel and Senior Vice President, Partnership Operations Executive Vice President and Corporate Secretary Managed Care and Provider ANDREW KUNG, MD, PhD DEREK TAN, PhD Chief Financial Officer Relations Pediatrics Chemical Biology ERIC COTTINGTON, PhD JORGE LOPEZ, JR., ESQ. Senior Vice President, ELIZABETH A. Executive Vice President and PATRICIA C. SKARULIS CHRISTOPHER LIMA, PhD Research and Technology HERBERT Chief Legal Officer Senior Vice President and Structural Biology Management Senior Vice President, Chief Information Officer Hospital Administration EDWARD J. MAHONEY ANTHONY DIASIO Senior Vice President, CAROL A. SLATTERY Senior Vice President, CLAUS JENSEN Facilities Management and Vice President, Financial Planning Chief Digital Officer Construction Sloan Kettering Institute Administration NED GROVES JASON KLEIN KEVIN MALARKEY Executive Vice President and Senior Vice President and Vice President and Controller MARK SVENNINGSON Hospital Administrator Chief Investment Officer Senior Vice President, KENNETH MANOTTI Finance Senior Vice President and Chief Development Officer

PAUL A. MARKS, MD President Emeritus

50 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 51

STATISTICAL PROFILE MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER

2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

PATIENT CARE STAFF

Sloan Kettering Institute Members 140 131 133 130 133 Hospital Attending Staff 1,033 1,091 1,148 1,228 1,358 Patient Admissions: Adults 21,064 21,708 21,953 22,792 24,175 Registered Nurses 2,605 2,864 3,721 3,905 4,522 Patient Admissions: Children 1,403 1,370 1,553 1,451 1,422 Administrative and Support Staff 10,965 11,638 12,325 13,332 14,570 Total Admissions 22,467 23,078 23,506 24,243 25,597 Total Patient Days 151,827 160,072 161,661 171,798 173,702 Total Staff(1) 14,711 15,697 17,301 18,569 20,559 Average Patient Stay (days) 6.8 6.9 6.9 7.1 6.8 Volunteers 967 943 1,019 960 770 Bed Occupancy Rate (1) 90.9% 92.5% 94.3% 95.2% 96.2% EDUCATION Outpatient MD Visits: Manhattan 489,897 512,142 526,006 541,146 562,224 Outpatient MD Visits: Regional Network 136,506 153,451 196,232 235,400 276,849 Residents and Clinical Fellows: Positions 464 468 468 476 475 Total Outpatient Visits 626,403 665,593 772,238 776,546 839,073 Residents and Clinical Fellows: Annual Total 1,723 1,734 1,749 1,714 1,690 Screenings (2) 22,403 23,497 31,683 38,738 52,772 Research Fellows 355 344 346 325 346 Surgical Cases 21,368 23,066 25,330 27,919 27,379 Research Scholars 98 92 120 133 171 Research Associates 110 112 115 117 132 47 43 37 34 New Radiation Oncology Patients Graduate Research Assistants 39 Starting Treatment: Manhattan 4,408 4,831 5,283 4,434 5,538 PhD Candidates 265 292 278 266 277 MD/PhD Candidates 20 26 24 22 20 New Radiation Oncology Patients Registrants in CME Programs 3,581 4,724 6,098 7,246 Starting Treatment: Regional Network 3,017 3,399 4,510 5,203 6,616 7,921 Medical Observers 574 563 511 569 596 Diagnostic and Interventional Medical Students 548 569 577 524 477 Radiology Procedures 466,848 498,372 543,322 575,383 631,174 Nursing Students 312 351 355 512 595 Clinical Investigation Protocols (3) 879 1,072 1,133 1,139 1,159 Social Work Students 4 8 7 6 7 Radiation Oncology Technology Students 15 12 12 15 19 Physical Therapy Students 5 5 6 8 6 Occupational Therapy Students 2 2 2 2 2 Laboratory Medicine Students 18 20 13 15 12

(1) Based on adjusted bed count (2) Data from 2015 and 2016 represent individual screening visits; data from 2017 through 2019 represent screening procedures. (3) Excludes studies closed to accrual (1) In 2019, 24 staff members held appointments in both the Institute and the Hospital.

52 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 53

FINANCIAL SUMMARY MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER

2019 TOT2019AL TOT OPERATINGAL OPERATING REVENUES REVENUES 2019 TOT2019AL TOT OPERAL OPERATINGAT EXPENSESING EXPENSES 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 (Dollars2019 TOTin(Dollars2019 Thousands)AL TOTin Thousands)OPERATINGAL OPERATING REVENUES REVENUES (Dollars2019 TOTin(Dollars2019 Thousands)AL TOTin ThOPERousands)AL OPERATINGAT EXPENSESING EXPENSES (Dollars in(Dollars Thousands) in Thousands) (Dollars in(Dollars Thousands) in Thousands)

$5,483,376$5,483,376 $5,288,897$5,288,897 OPERATING REVENUES (in thousands) Patient Care Revenue $2,745,619 $3,068,587 $3,536,976 $3,973,778 $4,560,174 Grants and Contracts 234,402 257,893 296,493 334,536 368,743 Contributions 137,538 161,245 191,843 168,226 172,525 Patient PatientCare Care Patient PatientCare Care RevenueRevenue CompensationCompensation Net Assets Released from RevenueRevenue CompensationCompensation $4,560,174$4,560,174 and Fringeand Fringe $4,560,174$4,560,174 and Fringeand Fringe Restrictions — Pledge Payments 129,528 86,850 86,800 122,701 96,000 BenefitsBenefits BenefitsBenefits Other Income 273,556 242,934 159,458 159,140 123,489 $2,892,770$2,892,770 $2,892,770$2,892,770 Unrestricted Investment Return Allocated to Operations 90,648 136,979 137,750 151,473 162,445

Total Operating Revenues $3,611,291 $3,954,488 $4,409,320 $4,909,854 $5,483,376

OPERATING EXPENSES Compensation and Fringe Benefits $1,987,388 $2,131,070 $2,335,132 $2,587,336 $2,892,770 Purchased Supplies and Services 1,172,467 1,320,893 1,501,935 1,756,174 2,026,254 Depreciation and Amortization 232,866 263,964 287,145 300,239 329,774 Interest Expense 49,401 48,724 45,343 47,045 40,099

Total Operating Expenses $3,442,122 $3,764,651 $4,169,555 $4,690,794 $5,288,897

INCOME FROM OPERATIONS $169,169 $189,837 $239,765 $219,060 $194,479 PurchasedPurc hased PurchasedPurc hased SuppliesSupplies and and SuppliesSupplies and and ServicesServices PHILANTHROPIC REVENUE $276,747 $317,270 $318,386 $383,341 $254,401 ServicesServices $2,026,254$2,026,254 $2,026,254$2,026,254 CAPITAL SPENDING $710,873 $634,134 $737,965 $700,827 $628,148

BALANCE SHEET SUMMARY Assets $9,592,021 $9,891,492 $10,636,012 $10,623,567 $11,621,453 Liabilities 4,058,058 4,160,515 4,530,909 4,196,154 4,646,113 Net Assets 5,533,963 5,730,977 6,105,103 6,427,413 6,975,340 Grants andGrants and Grants andGrants and ContractCsontracts ContractCsontracts $368,743$368,743 ContributionsContributions and and $368,743$368,743 ContributionsContributions and and Pledge PaymentsPledge Payments Pledge PaymentsPledge Payments InterestInteres Expenst eExpense DepreciationDepreciation and and $268,525$268,525 Other IncOtherome IncomeInterestInteres Expenst eExpense DepreciationDepreciation and and $268,525$268,525 Other IncOtherome Income$40,099$40,099 AmortizationAmortization $285,934$285,934 $40,099$40,099 AmortizationAmortization $285,934$285,934 $329,774$329,774 $329,774$329,774

54 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 55

Capital Research 2019 $81,117,395 $195,694,578

Capital gifts help MSK build and maintain state-of-the-art Philanthropy is essential to early-stage research and clinical and research buildings to meet the growing clinical trials, which lead to drug development and other MSK needs of patients. In 2019, two new spaces were opened, advances. In the past year, donations helped make possible: thanks to philanthropy: • Full approval by the US Food and Drug Administration • The David H. Koch Center for Cancer Care at or Breakthrough Therapy Designation of five drugs Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center • More than 800 clinical trials • MSK Nassau • 190 lab-based research faculty collaborating with more GIVING than 1,000 research trainees by the Numbers TOTAL CASH RAISED: $417,399,351 Patient Care and Education In 2019, Memorial Sloan Kettering received nearly 800,000 donations from Unrestricted Gifts 550,000 individuals, families, foundations, and companies who contributed more than $417 million to fund cancer research, care, and education. We are grateful $129,420,300 $11,167,078 to everyone who came together to make landmark achievements possible.

Patient care is at the heart of MSK’s mission, and Philanthropy supports MSK programs that train cancer Thank you for being a member of the MSK community and accelerating progress. philanthropy allows us to expand access to those clinicians and researchers from around the globe — who need it, including: amplifying our impact on cancer medicine. In 2019: • Financial assistance for patients in need • Nearly 2,500 fellows and grad students studied at MSK • Programs to help patients maintain their quality of life • MSK postdocs authored more than 936 publications • The Office of Diversity Programs enrolled 64 high school, college, and graduate students in summer programs

“Philanthropy is absolutely essential to our mission.” How Do MSK Donors Participate? — Lisa DeAngelis, Physician-in-Chief and Chief Medical Officer • In 2019, 410 people made MSK a beneficiary in their • More than 1,900 people attended one of 12 MSK Health estate plans, bringing the total number to 4,142. Education Seminars held in locations across the nation. • Donors led 200 events, including Comedy vs Cancer, • Some 40,000 people participated in MSK fundraising a star-studded night of comic entertainment that raised events, including Cycle for Survival, Fred’s Team, and Kids $1 million for MSK blood cancer research. Walk for MSK Kids. Cycle for Survival, the movement to beat rare cancers, now operates 80 events in 17 US cities.

56 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 57 Unrestricted gifts give MSK leadership the flexibility to allocate resources where they WHO can make the greatest immediate impact.

ARE MSK Donors live in all 50 states & DONORS? 99 countries around the world MORE THAN 25,000 people have given every year for 4 or more years

More than 1,300 have given every year 50% for 20-plus years made 10 donors have given a gift EVERY YEAR for online 44 years

58 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 59

DONORS TO MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING IN 2019 GIFTS OF $100,000 AND ABOVE

$10,000,000–$19,999,999 The W.M. Keck Foundation Ms. Carol K. Hunter The Anna Fuller Fund $100,000–$249,999 Trust of Morrie L. Eakin The Lerner Foundation Joseph Yacoub Safra Anonymous The Ralph Lauren Corporate Hyundai Hope on Wheels Gabrielle’s Angel Foundation Estate of Herbert J. Adair, Jr. Eli Lilly and Company Allan and Barbara Levey Saks Fifth Avenue Marie-Josée and Henry Kravis Foundation (FKA, The Polo JPMorgan Chase for Cancer Research Elisabeth and Philip Allen Israel Englander Harry J. Lloyd Charitable Trust Fayez Sarofim Robertson Foundation Ralph Lauren Foundation) Estate of Adele Klapper Glendorn Foundation The Allen Family Foundation Geri and David Epstein Lung Cancer Research Jed David Satow Family Long Island Beech Fund Trust A The G. Harold and Leila Y. GO2 Foundation for Lung Cancer Allen & Company Esophageal Cancer Foundation Foundation Donald and Catherine Marron Mathers Foundation Mr. and Mrs. Peter G. Grayson American Brain Tumor Education Foundation John Magnier Morris and Alma Schapiro Fund Charitable Trust Mr. Thomas R. McCullough Estate of Nancy R. Greenberg Association Expect Miracles Foundation Trust of Genevieve M. Mahoney Trust of Emalee F. Schavel $5,000,000–$9,999,999 Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw Mr. and Mrs. Thomas E. Estate of Nona L. Greene American Diabetes Association Trust of Marjorie Falvey The Edward Mallinckrodt, Jr. Elizabeth M. Scofield and James The Laura and John Arnold and John Shaw McInerney Hazen Polsky Foundation, Inc. American Heart Association Mr. and Mrs. Alfonso Fanjul Foundation R. Tanenbaum Foundation The Ambrose Monell Foundation Melanoma Research Alliance The Ittleson Foundation Judy Hart Angelo and The Angelo Mr. and Mrs. Jose Pepe Fanjul The Maloris Foundation Estate of Joan Smith The Breast Cancer Research Nonna’s Garden Foundation Mary Miner The Robert Wood Johnson Family Charitable Foundation Alfred Feinman and the Manhasset Women’s Coalition Society of Interventional Oncology Foundation George L. Ohrstrom, Jr. The New York Community Trust Foundation Anonymous Alfred and Harriet Feinman Against Breast Cancer Marianne and Elliott Solomon Trust of John S. Holmes Foundation Trust of Helen Oken Estate of Leo R. Kebort Estate of C. Annette Bailey Foundation Margaux’s Miracle Foundation The JMCMRJ Sorrell Foundation Michael and Carol Lowenstein Trust of Frank J. Ollari The Pew Charitable Trusts The Anna-Maria and Stephen The Baker Street Foundation The John K. Figge Family Amedeo A. Marotti, Jr. Speer Foundation Foundation Parker Institute for Cancer Prostate Cancer Foundation Kellen Foundation Luciano and Giancarla Berti Debra Fine and Martin Schneider Estate of Faith Mathias Jerry I. Speyer and Katherine G. The Mark Foundation Immunotherapy Trust of Helen Rauch Trust of Harry M. Kelly Mr. and Mrs. John N. Blackman, Jr. First Eagle Investment Howard and Lori Matlin Farley for Cancer Research Pershing Square Foundation Estate of Dorothy Reeve Estate of Robert D. Klemme The Blackstone Charitable Management Foundation The Martino Family Foundation Sportsmen for Charity, Inc. Lewis A. Sanders Laurance S. Rockefeller Fund Estate of Emanuel H. Rosen The Susan G. Komen Foundation Foundation William E. Ford Estate of Nicholas Maul Virginia B. Squiers Foundation Sephora Damon Runyon Cancer Bob and Anna Lou Schaberg Trust of Evelyn H. Lauder Bloomberg Philanthropies Susan and Ronald Frankel T. J. Martell Foundation Drs. Veerappan and Govi The Mortimer B. Zuckerman Research Foundation Estate of Pasco L. Schiavo LUNGevity Foundation Edith C. Blum Foundation Inc. The Stephen and Barbara Jimmy and Becky Mayer Subramanian Family Foundation Neil J. and Wendy Sandler Shelby Cullom Davis Estate of Joan C. Lutz Antoinette E. and Herman Friedman Foundation Joseph McDermott Sussman Family Fund Shore Initiative for Melanoma Charitable Fund Maggie’s Mission Boehm Foundation Fund for Ophthalmic Estate of Nancy Milne Estate of Ervin Szalkowski Diagnostic Imaging Shipley Foundation Trust of Estelle A. Manning The Bondi Foundation Knowledge, Inc. Estate of Emile Mimran TAG Heuer Kay F. Stafford/CMA Peter and Susan Solomon MetLife Foundation Brave Like Gabe Trust of Helene S. Gardner The William T. Morris Amanda Cox Taylor $2,500,000–$4,999,999 Consulting Services, Inc. Swim Across America, Inc. Trust of Barbara A. Millar Mr. and Mrs. Fred J. Estate of Rocco J. Garrio, Jr. Foundation, Inc. Team Jack Foundation Trust of Mamdouha S. Bobst Stop & Shop The V Foundation for Estate of Fred Mondrik Brettschneider Estate of Anne M. Gaub Anne and Charles Mott Terry Fox Run Fidelity Charitable Scott M. and Lisa G. Stuart Cancer Research The Morse Family Foundation BrightFocus Foundation Estate of Lawrence Gibstein Mr. Rafael Muñoz-Carreras and The Thompson Family Estate of Paul G. Kicherer The John and Barbara Vogelstein Vanguard Charitable National Brain Tumor Society, Inc. Terri Brodeur Breast Cancer Estate of Charles Gilhooly Mr. Anthony J. Mantione Foundation Estate of Louis G. Poulos Foundation Byron and Anita Wien Estate of Janet C. Paley Foundation Estate of Patt Golden Mushett Family Foundation, Inc. The Beth C. Tortolani Richard Serra and Clara Palombo Assets Ltd. Gladys Brooks Foundation Shelley and Graham Goldsmith Net-A-Porter Foundation Weyergraf-Serra Mr. Donald C. Pfanz Brothers Brook Foundation Sally J. Graham Trust of Irene Newton Estate of Faith D. Tree Stand Up To Cancer Estate of Bernard Posner Trust of Fern G. Brown Mr. and Mrs. Jack Gross Jamie Nicholls and Fran Biondi Tudor Investment Corporation The Starr Foundation $500,000–$999,999 $250,000–$499,999 RBC Capital Markets The Joe W. and Dorothy Dorsett Hackers for Hope Charitable Trust Daniel P. and Grace I. Tully Estate of Joan G. Toepfer Anonymous Alexandria Real Estate Trust of Allan J. Riley Brown Foundation Estate of Helen M. Hagner Estate of John Paci, Jr. Foundation Trust of Karen M. Anderson Equities, Inc. The Robbins Family Foundation Brown Performance Group Trust of Steven D. Hale The PaulieStrong Foundation, Inc. Lucy R. Waletzky, MD Argenio and Cawthorn Families American Lung Association Estate of Shiela M. Rosen The Honorable Tina Brozman Andreas and Diane Halvorsen Pediatric Cancer Foundation Ping Wang and Junyuan Gu, PhD in memory of Andrea Argenio Estate of Eleanor W. Backer James and Diane Rowen Foundation Haymakers for Hope Trust of Elizabeth Perkins Douglas A. Warner III $1,000,000–$2,499,999 Herbert and Frances Bernstein The Berlin Family Foundation Sarcoma Foundation of America Mr. and Mrs. Donald G. Calder William Helman The Dina Perry Charitable Fund Harold and Barbara Wertheimer Estate of Billie H. Allen Brockman Foundation Cannonball Kids’ Cancer Ira Schneider Memorial Cancer Mr. and Mrs. Kenneth Carmel HeritX The Jules L. Plangere, Jr. Family Estate of Beulah C. Wood Trust of Philip Chambers Chan Zuckerberg Initiative The Tina and Richard V. Carolan Research Foundation Mr. William G. Casto The Y.C. Ho/Helen and Foundation Estate of James C. Wood Ian and Patricia Cook Julie and Frank Cohen Family Foundation Ms. Glenda Shasho-Jones Sai and Lucy Chan Michael Chiang Foundation Cynthia and Gary Porter Crimson Lion / Lavine Family Foundation Estate of Marion B. Carstairs The Shaw Foundation Trust of Paul H. Chook Jan and David Ichel Prevent Cancer Foundation Foundation Estate of Nancye R. Doros Estate of James Y. Yee Chu The Shen Family Foundation Argero and Neil Clark It’s A Thing Inc Virgil M. Price II The EHE Foundation Stanley F. and Fiona Colorectal Cancer Alliance Stephanie and Fred Shuman The Ben And Rose Cole Jewish Federation of Rally Foundation Hilary Carla Feshbach Druckenmiller Irma L. And Abram S. Croll Sunil T Thomas Charitable Pria Foundation Metropolitan Mr. and Mrs. Stanley Rand, III Estate of Doris Fribley Trust of Francis C. and Charitable Trust TP ICAP Paul Jackson Coleman Johns Hopkins University ReMission Foundation Alan and Sandra Gerry Marie E. Dykeman Barbara A. Dauphin Thomas N. Tryforos Simon and Eve Colin Foundation Maxine and Edward Kerschner Rising Tide Foundation Glenn H. Greenberg and Equinox Dresner Foundation Trust of Pieter C. Vink Connecticut Cancer Foundation Trust of Suzanne Kobliner Trust of Robert L. Ritterbusch Linda Vester Foundation Michael David Falk Foundation Edward P. Evans Foundation Estate of Helga Washburn Cure Alzheimer’s Fund Estate of Muriel J. Kogan Mark and Virginia Rometty Goldman Sachs & Company Estate of Gloria S. Fine Carol and Roger Einiger Jill and Jeffrey Weiss CURE Childhood Cancer The Kors Le Pere Foundation The Rona Jaffe Foundation Estate of Mary Gomich The Gateway for Cancer Research Trust of Harold P. Farrington Estate of Paul Dannenberg Robert Kotick The Laura Rosenberg Lois S. Green Jeff Gordon Children’s Jayme and Peter Flowers Estate of Edith Dickstein Kenneth J. Kret Foundation Inc. Trust of Ehler O. Gregory Foundation Mark and Mary-Anne Franklin The Andree Wildenstein Trust of Grace Fay Lamb Kylie Rowand Foundation Trust of Gilbert Helman Gladys and Roland Harriman Estate of Edward W. Frantel Dormeuil and Roger Dormeuil The Forrest and Frances Lattner Trust of Donna M. Russ The Jewish Communal Fund Foundation Trust of Mary Frohsinn Foundation Foundation Estate of Irwin Rydell

60 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 61

Supporting Research University of California, San Francisco. made up of MSK faculty parents, The Society of Memorial Sloan Kettering Dr. Shannon’s research into RASopathies with final approval from The Society’s has been a philanthropic anchor for the has advanced our understanding of President, in consultation with its institution for decades. As a result of its the causes of, and more recently led Executive Committee. The prize provides efforts, MSK scientists and doctors are to new therapeutic options for, various a cash award for up to four years and THE provided the critical funds that allow forms of childhood and adult cancers. is open to postdocs at MSK who have them to pursue leading-edge research, a dependent child under 4 years old. l create targeted therapies, and improve Supporting Patient Care outcomes for people with cancer worldwide. For more than 70 years, patient care has been at the heart of The Society of MSK’s The 2019–2020 Society Campaign mission. Some of the most cherished SOCIETY addressed the second most common traditions and events at MSK — including OF MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING cause of cancer-related death: colorectal the festive holiday parties held throughout cancer. Long associated with older the year, complete with overflowing gift CANCER CENTER people, these cancers are now part of bags for patients — are sponsored by an alarming trend: They are rising in The Society. This year was no different, younger adults under 50. Memorial with more than 200 of our youngest Sloan Kettering’s Center for Young patients and their families and friends Onset Colorectal Cancer is harnessing at Pediatric Prom in May. MSK’s unsurpassed expertise in cancer diagnostics, research, and patient care Supporting Education to swiftly translate lab discoveries into The Society’s 2019 Health Education targeted treatments that outsmart these Seminar focused on important aspects p Andrew Kung (left), Chair of the Department of Pediatrics, with 2019 Society Prize recipient cancers in patients of all ages. This year’s of healthy living and cancer prevention, Kevin Shannon, a professor in the department Society Campaign awarded funds to Julio highlighting nutrition, exercise, and of pediatrics at the University of California, Garcia-Aguilar, Chief of the Colorectal the microbiome. The seminar featured San Francisco. Service, and medical oncologist Andrea Director of Nutrition Moshe Shike, Cercek to spearhead more-effective treat- Director of the Exercise Oncology ments and new avenues for prevention. Service Lee Jones, and Head of the Division of Hematologic Malignancies The Society’s pediatrics initiative supported Marcel van den Brink. the research of Andrew Kung, Chair of the Department of Pediatrics, and raised The Society Scholars Prize honors vital funds for precision cancer medicine postdocs who are performing at the for MSK Kids. Precision medicine brings highest level while also managing family the right drug to the right patient at the obligations and adjusting to being new right time. At MSK Kids, critical support parents. This merit-based prize is for the Precision Cancer Medicine Program awarded annually to at least ten full-time will help bring new, more effective drugs postdoc researchers who submit a brief to children with cancer — faster. application and personal statement. p 2019 Society Scholars Prize recipient Luis They are reviewed by a selection panel Felipe Campesato and his family. Each spring, The Society awards research grants to MSK’s promising young investigators. In 2019, the grants sup- ported projects including the imple- mentation of liquid biopsies to improve responses to immunotherapy treatments and defining genetic signatures involved in multiple myeloma in 9/11 survivors.

The Society Prize is awarded at the annual MSK Academic Convocation to a researcher, doctor, or team leader who has made a positive and lasting impact in the fight against pediatric cancer. The p From left: Amanda Taylor, Kathryn Davis, Jamee Gregory, Ferebee Taube, and Hope Geier 2019 recipient was Kevin Shannon, a Smith at the 12th Annual Spring Ball. physician-scientist and professor at the t An MSK Kids patient enjoying the 2019 Pediatric Prom.

62 MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING 2019 ANNUAL REPORT 63

THE SOCIETY OF MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER 2019–2020 ADMINISTRATIVE BOARD

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

KATE ALLEN LESLIE HEANEY MRS. SCOTT C. MARCIE PANTZER President Vice President JOHNSTON Vice President Vice President

MRS. MARTHA JENNIFER GAFFNEY WEBSTER OKEN Treasurer Assistant Treasurer

MARIA VON BOTHMER WEBB EGERTON MRS. M. ANTHONY MAY VILLALBA Assistant Secretary Past President Secretary

MEMBERS-AT-LARGE Allison Aston Mrs. Christopher Errico Victoria Greenleaf Kempner Mrs. Richard T. Perkin Muffie Potter Aston Gretchen Gunlocke Fenton Anna Kennedy Betsy Pitts Mrs. James Halsey Bell Ruth G. Fleischmann Mrs. Michael Kennedy Mrs. Louis Rose Mrs. Alan J. Blinken Mrs. Lars Forsberg Martha O’Brien Lamphere Martha Sharp Catherine Carey Mrs. Robert M. Gardiner Patricia Herrera Lansing Hope Geier Smith Mrs. Kevin C. Coleman Sallie Giordano Kamie Lightburn Mrs. Sean P. Smith Mrs. Peter G. Cordeiro Mrs. Thomas S. Glover Stephanie Loeffler Ferebee Taube Mrs. Archibald Cox, Jr. Eugenie Niven Goodman Mrs. José Luis Los Arcos Amanda Taylor Jennifer Creel Stephanie F. Griswold Mrs. Roman Martinez IV Mrs. Andrew S. Thomas Mrs. Michael J.A. Darling Shoshanna Gruss Rebekah McCabe Victoria Vought Mary McDonnell Davidson Alexia Hamm Ryan Mrs. Timothy P. O’Hara Naomi Waletzky Kathryn Davis Shabnam Henry Palmer Jones O’Sullivan Ms. Caryn Zucker Mrs. Hilary Dick Robyn Lane Joseph Mrs. Gunnar S Overstrom, III

SUSTAINING BOARD Mrs. Andrew M. Blum Mrs. Thomas M. Fitzgerald III Mrs. Richard A. Miller Mrs. Benjamin M. Rosen PRODUCED BY Roxanne Taylor CONTRIBUTORS Tory Burch Elizabeth Kirby Fuller Mrs. Minot K. Milliken Mrs. Paul C. Schorr IV Department of Marketing & Communications Chief Marketing & Allison Hale Mrs. Michael Carr Mrs. Roberto de Guardiola Mrs. George F. Moss Kitty Sherrill Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Communications Officer Lisandra Rosales Dianne G. Crary Mrs. John S. Hilson Joyce L. Moss Evelyn Angevine Silla 1275 York Avenue Andrew Roth Mrs. James F. Curtis III Melanie Seymour Holland Mrs. Charles H. Mott Mrs. Richard J. Sterne New York, NY 10065 Ami Schmitz Mrs. James H. Dean Mrs. Ann F. Jeffery Nancy Coffey Nagler Leith Rutherfurd Talamo Vice President, Editorial & PHOTOGRAPHY Antonia Paepcke DuBrul Suzie Kovner Mrs. Samuel F. Pryor IV Mrs. Michael L. Tarnopol t 212-639-3573 Content Strategy Karsten Moran Mrs. Thomas J. Fahey, Jr. Mrs. Brian A. McCarthy Mrs. Bambi Putnam Mrs. Thomas E. Zacharias f 212-639-3576 MANAGING EDITOR ADDITIONAL PHOTOGRAPHY PRESIDENT’S COUNCIL Emily Kastl Meiko Takechi Arquillos Beth Caldwell Mrs. Rand V. Araskog Mrs. Charles A. Dana, Jr. Mrs. Richard S. LeFrak Mrs. Paul Soros D. Dixon Boardman Fiona Druckenmiller Mrs. Donald B. Marron CREATIVE DIRECTOR Rick DeWitt Nina Garcia Conrod Julie Geier Linda Gosden Robinson Randi Press Kreg Holt Michael Prince PAST PRESIDENTS ART DIRECTOR Kristin Glick PRINTING Mrs. Coleman P. Burke Mrs. Bruce A. Gimbel Mrs. Kerryn King Mrs. Frank A. Metz, Jr. Allied Printing Services Mrs. Edwin M. Burke Martha Vietor Glass Mrs. Arie L. Kopelman Dr. Annette U. Rickel WRITERS Mrs. William M. Carson Mrs. Peter S. Gregory Mrs. Thomas V. Leeds Mrs. Bijan Safai Meredith Begley Mrs. Walter B. Delafield Alison Barr Howard Mrs. Derek L. Limbocker Lavinia Branca Snyder Beth Demel Mrs. Charles H. Dyson Mrs. Peter D. Jones Jean Remmel Little Julie Grisham Emily Kastl FOUNDER Bill Piersol Mrs. Edward C. Delafield Jim Stallard Matthew Tontonoz © Copyright 2020 Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

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