Structure Plan for Ejigbo and Environs (2014 – 2033)

STRUCTURE PLAN FOR EJIGBO AND ENVIRONS (2014 – 2033)

State of Osun Structure Plans Project

NIGERIA

SOKOTO i KATSINA BORNO JIGAWA Y OBE ZAMFARA Kano Maiduguri KANO KEBBI

KADUNA B A UCHI Kaduna GOMBE NIGER ADAMAWA

PLATEAU KWARA Abuja ABUJA CAPITAL TERRITORYNASSARAWA O Y O T ARABA

EKITI Oshogbo K OGI OSUN BENUE ONDO OGUN A ENUGU EDO N L LAGOS A a M g o B s R EBONY A ha nits CROSS O IMO DELTA ABIA RIVERS

Aba RIVERS AKWA BAYELSA IBOM

STRUCTURE PLAN FOR EJIGBO AND ENVIRONS (2014 – 2033)

State of Osun Structure Plans Project

United Nations Human Settlements Programme publications can be obtained from UN-HABITAT Regional and Information Offices or directly from: P.O. Box 30030, GPO 00100 Nairobi, Kenya. Fax: + (254 20) 762 4266/7 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.unhabitat.org

This State of Osun Structure Plans Project, Nigeria was supervised by Alioune Badiane and Doudou Mbye and managed by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme Support Office (UN HAPSO), Abuja.

HS Number: HS/048/15E ISBN Number(Series): 978-92-1-133396-1 ISBN Number:(Volume) 978-92-1-132667-3

Disclaimer The designation employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or regarding its economic system or degree of development. The analysis, conclusions and recommendations of the report do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), the Governing Council of UN-HABITAT or its Member States.

Excerpts from this publication may be reproduced without authorisation, on condition that the source is indicated. This State of Osun Structure Plans Project, Nigeria was supervised by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), Nairobi and managed by the United Nations Human Settlements Programme Support Office (UN HAPSO), Abuja.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT:

STATE GOVERNMENT OF OSUN State Governor: Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola Honourable Commissioner for Lands, Physical Planning and Urban Development: Arc. Muyiwa Ige Permanent Secretary: Arc. Wale Ojo Director, Town Planning: Tpl Oladejo Akintunde Project Secretary: Tpl (Mrs) O. A. Oluwadare

UN HABITAT Director, Project Office: Alioune Badiane Director, Regional Office for Africa: Axumite Gebre-Egziabher Senior Human Settlements Adviser: Doudou Mbye

UN HAPSO Habitat Programme Manager: Kabir M. Yari National Programme Officer: Paul Okunlola (Project Coordinator) Administrative Assistant: Elizabeth Owolabi

CONSULTANCY TEAM Chief Technical Adviser: Professor Johnson Bade Falade Urban Services/Transportation: Prof. S.O. Fadare (Team Coordinator) Urban, Land Use Planning/Local Economic Development: Olusegun E. Ojo Urban Environment/Infrastructure: Dr. Abel O. Afon Governance/Gender/Anthropology: Prof. Mrs. M.O. Olusi GIS Assistant: Kazeem Tijani

Design and Layout: Peter Cheseret FOREWORD

Historically, cities have been of Structure Plans to guide the growth and develop- acknowledged as major drivers ment of these cities and their environs over the next of the national economy, which 20 years, spanning the period 2014 to 2033. The contribute substantially to the participating cities are Osogbo, Ede, Ilesa, Iwo, Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Ikirun, Ila-Orangun, Ile-Ife, Ikire and Ejigbo. They also attract investments and create wealth, enhance This fully participatory project, which engaged all social development, human and levels of stakeholders in the communities, adopts technical resources and are repositories of knowledge the Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for Sustainability and agents of socio-political change. (RUSPS) methodology to propose the spatial contexts for promoting social, economic and cultural develop- Rapid population growth in the State of Osun, as is ment of the cities and their environs with respect to typical of Nigeria’s South West geopolitical zone, has the following identified thematic areas: Shelter and manifested in haphazard and uncoordinated physical slums; Local Economic Development; Transportation; development, overcrowding and diverse adverse conse- Urban Safety/Security; Disaster Risk Reduction; Basic quences for the teeming number of residents who flock Urban Services; Environment; Gender; Governance; to the cities in search of a better life. Consequently, our Heritage/Historic areas; and Land Administration. cities have become generally unsustainable, increas- ingly difficult to manage, and progressively unable to In addition, the Structure Plans seek to build capacity fulfil their potentials as engines of growth. and aid informed strategic decision-making among local communities, the Local Governments and State On assumption of office, my administration, with a Officials by setting the broad structure for the direction view to reposition the State of Osun to enable it attain of future growth of these cities, providing for the co-or- the potentials of its development agenda, adopted a dination of both present and future activities and public Six-Point Integral Action Plan as the foundation for services as well as in the provision of key infrastructure v charting future initiatives and programs of the State items like water, drainage, electricity and roads. government of Osun. The Integral Action Plan is hinged on the following six actions: We acknowledge that these Structure Plans would not be expected to solve all problems at the same time and ❚❚ Banish Poverty. would therefore be subjected to periodic evaluation and review in the course of implementation. ❚❚ Banish Hunger. I would like to express the appreciation of the Govern- ❚❚ Banish Unemployment. ment of the State of Osun to UN HABITAT and its Executive Director, Dr. Joan Clos, as well as officials in ❚❚ Restore Healthy Living. the Regional Office for Africa and the UN HABITAT Programme Support Office in Abuja for the Technical ❚❚ Promote Functional Education. Assistance extended to the State, the outcome of which is this very important document. I would also like to ❚❚ Ensure Communal Peace and Progress. commend all the consultants and technical experts who made tangible contributions to this effort towards It was obvious that in order to harness the potentials ensuring a better future for cities in the State of Osun. of the State’s significant urban population in achieving this laudable objective, the capacity of our cities to It is my privilege therefore, to recommend the Struc- support this development agenda and offer better ture Plan to all stakeholders in the State and urge living conditions to their residents had to be signifi- the full implementation of its recommendations and cantly enhanced. Hence, the O-Renewal Programme proposals by all concerned. was designed to regenerate a one-kilometre radius of the core areas in the nine largest cities in the State and, on the 9th of July, 2012, the State entered into a collaboration agreement for Technical Assistance with Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola, the United Nations Human Settlements Programme Governor, State Government of Osun, (UN HABITAT), for the development and adoption Osogbo, Nigeria vi Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project making components. to ensure validation ofthedatacollectionanddecision- Group Discussions andCityConsultationswere held RUSPS methodologyfollowing whichextensive Focus officials were alsotrainedontheapplicationof of Lands,Physical Planning andUrban Development Besides, consultantsandrelevant staffofthe Ministry hensive stakeholdermappingandengagementprocess. nature, whichinvolves acomprefully participatory (UN HABITAT), wasfoundedonitsinclusive and the United Nations Human Settlements Programme the Structure Plans exercise undertheguidanceof for Sustainability (RUSPS) methodology adopted for The preference fortheRapid Urban Sector Profiling b. a. on thefollowing platforms: on afocusedurbanregeneration programme centred Physical Planning andUrban Development, embarked sola administrationthrough ofLands, theMinistry PREFACE Osogbo, namely state, the in cities largest nine the in areas to regenerate a one-kilometre radius of the core Oran sustainable growth over theperiod2014to2033. nine cities asanoverall framework to guidetheir radius of25kilometres from thecore ofthese The preparation of Structure Plans spanninga A state-wide gun, Ile-Ife,IkireandEjigbo. d, ls, w, krn Ila- Ikirun, Iwo, Ilesa, Ede, O-Renewal Programme designed Plan, the Ogbeni Rauf Aregbe- of itsSix-Point Integral Action and inlinewiththeoverall thrust ized ofthe country’s 36states which isoneofthemosturban- isation intheState ofOsun arising from unsustainableurban- In response tothechallenges - Planning andUrban Development, Osogbo Honourable CommissionerforLands,Physical Arc. Muyiwa Ige, possible. mented andperiodicallyreviewed tothebestextent proposals/recommendations are conscientiouslyimple- commitment toensuringthattheseStructure Plan and Urban Development, we would like topledge our On of Lands,Physical behalf of theMinistry Planning whoworkedthe Ministry tirelessly onthisproject. output; to and, deliveringthe entire a worthy staff of and stakeholders for their commitment other partners role onthisproject; theConsultantsand supervisory Programme Support Office(HAPSO)in Abujaforits theUN-HABITATfor theircontinuedsupport; notably theproject communitiesandtheirleaders butions tothesuccessfuloutcomeofthisproject, express ourprofound gratitudetoallwhomadecontri towards theexecution ofthisproject. Ialsowishto initiating thiscollaborationwiththeUNHABITAT of theState ofOsun, Ogbeni RaufAregbesola for I wouldliketoespeciallycongratulatetheGovernor Integral Action Plan. aims andaspirationsoftheState ofOsun’s Six-Point provide aneffective spatialplatformforachievingthe comprehensivea very process whichwe believe will These Structure Plans are therefore theoutcomeof - ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

This Report has been produced cooperation and assistance of all the officials in the with the kind support and active various other State Ministries, Departments and collaboration of several people, Agencies (MDAs) who provided us with relevant data groups and institutions to who we and information for this report. owe our gratitude, although space would only permit mentioning a We specially acknowledge the support and few. coopera-tion of the Deputy Governor, Otunba Grace Titilayo Laoye, Obas in Council and commu-nity First, we would like to acknowledge and appreciate the leaders of the various communities covered in this vision and commitment of the Governor of the project, namely Ede, Ejigbo, Ijesa-land, Ikire, State of Osun, Ogbeni Rauf Adesoji Aregbesola, for Ikirun, Ila Orangun, Ile-Ife, Iwo and Osogbo; his commitment to actualising this Technical Executive Secretaries of participating Local Cooper-ation with UN HABITAT and for the full Governments; members of commu-nity development support in providing the necessary operational and associations, Women and Youth Groups as well logistical resources for as seeing this project through as all trade and professional associa-tions, for to conclu-sion. attending to the requests for information and their various contributions and assistance to the success of We would also like to appreciate the Honourable the project, especially through their active participa- Commissioner for Lands, Physical Planning and Urban tion at the City Consultations in each city. Development, Arc. Muyiwa Ige, for his passionate Finally, we wish to acknowledge the selfless commitment and support to ensuring the comple- service rendered in various capacities including tion of the project on behalf of the State Government. consultants, Field Assistants and all those too Similarly, we wish to thank the various officials of the numerous to mention who in diverse ways Ministry who provided technical and logistic support, contributed to the successful completion of the in particular the Special Adviser to the Governor on project. vii Lands, Dr. Ayodele Owoade; the Permanent Secre- tary Ministry of Lands, Physical Planning and Urban Development, Arc. Wale Ojo; his predecessor, Mr. Kola Adetumbi; the Director of Town Planning, Tpl. Ezekiel Oladejo and, the Project Secretary, Tpl O. Dr Alioune Badiane A. Oluwadare as well as other Directors and Staff of Director, Programmes Division the Ministry. In the same vein, we acknowledge the UN-HABITAT, Nairobi viii

Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE OF CONTENTS

List of Figures...... Xi List of Tables...... Xii List of Plates...... Xii Acronyms...... Xiii Executive Summary...... Xiv Ejigbo Planning Area...... Xiv Development Issues in Ejigbo Planning Area...... Xv Structure Plan Vision, Goals and Objectives...... Xv CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION...... 1 1.1 PREAMBLE...... 2 1.2 THE NATURE AND OVERALL PURPOSE OF A STRUCTURE PLAN...... 3 1.3 METHODOLOGY...... 3 1.3.1 Overview of the RUSPS Methodology...... 4 1.3.2 Desk Study and Fieldwork...... 5 1.3.3 Stakeholders’ Consultations...... 5 1.3.4 Technical Reporting...... 6 1.4 DEFINING EJIGBO PLANNING AREA...... 7 1.5 LESSONS LEARNED ...... 7 1.6 STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT...... 8 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND TO EJIGBO PLANNING AREA...... 9 2.1 LOCATION: NATIONAL AND REGIONAL SETTING ...... 10 2.2 EJIGBO PLANNING AREA...... 11 2.3 NATURAL ENVIRONMENT FACTORS...... 13 2.3.1. Climate...... 13 2.3.2 Vegetation ...... 14 ix 2.3.3 Geology and Soils...... 14 2.3.4. Relief and Drainage...... 14 2.4 HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF EJIGBO PLANNING AREA...... 14 2.4.1 History...... 14 2.4.2 Population Growth in Ejigbo...... 15 2.4.3 Age Structure of Population in State of Osun...... 15 2.4.4 Development and Physical Growth of Ejigbo Planning Area...... 16 2.4.5 Other settlements in Ejigbo Planning Area...... 18 CHAPTER 3: DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN EJIGBO PLANNING AREA...... 19 3.1 PROFILING EJIGBO PLANNING AREA...... 20 3.2 DEVELOPMENT ISSUES AND PRIORITIES...... 20 3.2.1 Shelter and Slums...... 20 3.2.2 Local Economic Development...... 25 3.2.3 Governance...... 26 3.2.4 Gender...... 29 3.2.5 Heritage...... 33 3.2.6 Environment...... 34 3.2.7 Basic Urban Services...... 36 3.2.8 Transportation...... 38 3.2.9 Urban Safety...... 39 3.2.10 Disaster Risk Reduction...... 40 CHAPTER 4: URBAN FORMS AND ALTERNATIVE GROWTH PATTERNS FOR EJIGBO PLANNING AREA.41 4.1 URBAN FORMS AND LAND USE PLANNING...... 42 4.1.1 The Case for More Compact Settlements...... 42 4.1.2 URBAN FORMS...... 43 4.2 PREFERRED URBAN FORM FOR EJIGBO PLANNING AREA...... 44 x Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project APPENDIX USEDESIGNSTANDARDS 3:RECOMMENDEDLAND APPENDIX AREA:SUMMARY 2:EJIGBOPLANNING OFCRITICALISSUES FOR EJIGBOANDENVIRONS, STATE OFOSUN APPENDIX 1: CONSULTATIONTHE EJIGBOCITY DECLARATION 8.7 8.6 8.5 8.4 8.3 8.2 8.1 CHAPTER 8:STRUCTURE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN AREA FOREJIGBOPLANNING 7.2 7.1 CHAPTER 7:STRUCTURE AREA(2014-2033) FOREJIGBOPLANNING PLAN 6.3 6.2 6.1 CHAPTER 6:POPULATION GROWTH PROJECTIONSFOR AREA(2014-2033) EJIGBOPLANNING 5.3 5.2 5.1 CHAPTER 5:STRUCTURE PLAN VISION, GOALS ANDOBJECTIVES

PREAMBLE PREAMBLE

8.2.1 8.1.2 8.1.1 7.2.8 7.2.7 7.2.6 7.2.5 Transportation 7.2.4 7.2.3 Environment 7.2.2 7.2.1 6.3.2 6.3.1 6.1.2 6.1.1 5.1.7 5.1.5 5.1.3 5.1.2 5.1.1 5.3.2 5.3.1 5.1.9 5.1.8 5.1.6 5.1.4 MONITORING EVALUATION AND REVIEW OF STRUCTURE PLAN SUSTAINABILITY OF IMPLEMENTATION PLAN CAPACITY BUILDING PROCEDURE FOR APPROVAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT CONTROL INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR STRUCTURE IMPLEMENTATION PLAN RESOURCE MOBILISATION AND FINANCING OF STRUCTURE PLAN LAND USELAND PROPOSALS, STRATEGIES AND STANDARDS PROJECTIONS FOR BASIC URBAN SERVICES USELAND BUDGET FOR EJIGBO AREA PLANNING POPULATION PROJECTIONS FOR AREA EJIGBOPLANNING GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STRUCTURE PLAN 2014-2033 THE VISION FOR NEW EJIGBO (2014-2033) CONTEXT OF THE STRUCTURE PLAN: VISIONING THE FUTURE Sources ofFunding Phasing Of Ejigbo Structure Plan Strategic Implementation oftheStructure Plan Disaster RiskReduction Urban Safety Heritage, Culture and Tourism Basic Urban Services Local Economic Development Shelter andSlums Electricity Supply Water Supply Projected Population Figures Basic Assumptions for Population Projections Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) OSEEDS andLocalEconomic Empowerment andDevelopment Strategies (LEEDS) Land Use Act (LUA) 1978 National Housing Policy 2012 National Urban Development Policy 2012 Objectives andStrategies oftheStructure Plan forEjigbo Planning Area Goal oftheStructure Plan forEjigbo Planning Area The Habitat Agenda Nigeria20:2020 Vision Osun Six-point Integral Action Plan Urban andRegional Planning Law1992 ...... ON PREPARATION OFSTRUCTURE PLAN ...... 67 57 51 45 80 78 75 74 74 73 73 71 70 70 68 68 68 65 65 65 64 63 61 61 59 58 58 54 54 54 53 52 52 52 50 49 49 49 49 48 48 47 47 47 47 46 46 46 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1.1 The RUSPS Processes and Outputs...... 5 Figure 1.2 Map of Ejigbo Planning Area in the State of Osun...... 7 Figure 2.1 Map of Nigeria showing the location of the State of Osun...... 10 Figure 2.2 Map of Osun showing Local Government Areas...... 11 Figure 2.3 State of Osun Showing Structure Plan Project Cities...... 12 Figure 2.4 Rainfall pattern in Ejigbo Planning Area...... 13 Figure 2.5 Pattern of Annual (2010) Temperature of Ejigbo Planning Area...... 13 Figure 2.6 Topography Map of Ejigbo Planning Area...... 14 Figure 2.7 Male and Female Population in Ejigbo Planning Area (1991 and 2006)...... 15 Figure 2.8 Age distribution of residents in the State of Osun by gender...... 16 Figure 2.9 Satellite Imagery of Ejigbo Planning Area...... 17 Figure 2.10 Existing Land Use in Ejigbo Planning Area...... 17 Figure 3.1 Comparative analysis of housing conditions (2003 and 2006)...... 23 Figure 3.2 Estimate of Ejigbo LGA Income and Expenditure for 2010 - 2012...... 28 Figure 3.3 Pupil enrollment in public primary schools in Ejigbo LGA by gender...... 30 Figure 3.4 Student enrollment in secondary schools in Ejigbo LGA by gender...... 31 Figure 3.5 Pupil enrolment in public schools from2009/2010 to 2011/2012 session...... 37 Figure 4.1 Illustration of the Diverse City concept and the Compact City concept...... 43 Figure 4.2 Monocentric Model...... 43 Figure 4.3 Polycentric Model...... 43 Figure 4.4 Composite Model...... 44 Figure 6.1 Population projection for Ejigbo Planning Area (2014 to 2033)...... 53 Figure 7.1 Land Use Proposal for Ejigbo Planning Area...... 58 Figure 7.2 Development Constraints of Ejigbo Planning Area...... 59 Figure 8.1 Organisational Structure for Implementation of the Structure Plan...... 71

xi xii Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Plate 13: Plate 12: Plate 11: Plates 9-10: Plate 8: Plates 2-7: Plate 1: LIST OFPLATES Table 8.2 Table 8.1 Table 6.4 Table 6.3 Table 6.2 Table 6.1 Table 3.16 Table 3.15 Table 3.14 Table 3.13 Table 3.12 Table 3.11 Table 3.10 Table 3.9 Table 3.8 Table 3.7 Table 3.6 Table 3.5 Table 3.4 Table 3.3 Table 3.2 Table 3.1 Table 2.1 LIST OFTABLES

D D D D D Age S Capacity buildingactivities(2014-2033) P B Land U P P Categories ofcrimescommittedintheS SW SW SW SW SW SW SW SW D D opulation andHousing Shortfalls inIwo Planning Area opulation Projection forEjigbo Planning Area (2014-2033) hasing ofEjigbo Structure Plan (2014-2033) asic Services Demandasic Services Projection forEjigbo Planning Area (2014-2033) istribution ofRegular Households by Method ofSolid Waste Disposal istribution ofRegular Households by Type of Toilet Facility istribution ofRegular Households by Source of Water Supply forDomestic Purpose istribution ofRegular Households by Tenure Status ofDwelling Unit istribution ofRegular Households by Number ofExclusive Sleeping Rooms istribution ofRegular Households by OwnershipStatus ofDwelling Unit istribution ofRegular Households by Type ofHousing Unit O G A sectionoftheO in thesub-urbanar O D S A OT Analysis Transportation OT AnalysisBasic Urban Services OT AnalysisonEnvironment OT ANALYSIS onHeritage andHistoric Sites OT AnalysisonGender OT AnalysisonUrban Governance OT AnalysisLocalEconomic Development OT AnalysisofShelter andSlums Priority Issues takeholders attheEjigbo CityConsultation erial view of Ejigboerial view roup ofwomenengagedinpalmoilprocessing inEjigbo LGA eteriorating housingenvironment inthecore area ofEjigbo lder housesbuiltwithLateriteinthecore area andaresidential building pen Dump Area (Aatan)Locatedbeside Water CourseonSabo-Gala Road tructure ofResidents intheState ofOsun by gender se Budget fortheProjected Population (2014–2033) giyan market duringmidweek trading ea ofEjigbo Town ...... tate ofOsun ...... 34 31 25 21 20 73 69 55 54 53 52 39 39 38 36 34 33 29 26 24 23 22 22 22 22 22 21 16 6 2 ACRONYMS

ANC Ante Natal Clinics BUS Basic Urban Services CBD Central Business Districts CBOs Community Based Organizations CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women CSR Corporate Social Responsibility EU European Union FOMWAN Federation of Muslim Women’s Associations of Nigeria GRA Government Residential Area GSM Global System of Mobile Communication HIV/AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome LEEDS Local Economic Empowerment and Development Strategies LGA Local Government Area LGCs Local Government Councils MDGs Millennium Development Goals NBS National Bureau of Statistics NCMM National Commission for Museums and Monuments NDHS Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations NITEL Nigerian Telecommunication NPC National Population Commissions NURTW National Union of Road Transport Workers O' CLEAN Osun State Agency for Solid Waste Management OSEPA Osun State Environmental Protection Agency OSRUWSSA Osun State Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency OSWC Osun State Water Corporation OVC Orphans and Vulnerable Children OWMA Osun Waste Management Authority PHCN Power Holding Company of Nigeria xiii PPP Public-Private Partnership RUSPS Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for Sustainability RUWESA Rural Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation Agency SACA State Action Committee for AIDS SEEDS State Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy UNESCO United Nations Organization for Education, Science and Culture UN-HABITAT United Nations Human Settlements Programme WSSSRP Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Reform Programme xiv

Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Land Administration. Gender; Governance; Heritage/Historic areas; and Risk Reduction; Basic Urban Environment; Services; ment; Transportation; Urban Safety/Security; Disaster areas: Shelter andslums;LocalEconomic Develop- area withrespect tothefollowing identifiedthematic social, economicandculturaldevelopment ofthe which presents the spatial contexts for promoting Profiling for Sustainability (RUSPS) methodology, RapidUrbanand environs istheparticipatory Sector tion andadoptionoftheStructure Plan forEjigbo Essentially, theapproach adoptedfortheprepara engines ofgrowth. unsustainable andunabletofulfilltheirpotentialsas mental conditions,whichmakethecitiesgenerally aswell asdeterioratingsocialandenviron services, bourhoods, inadequateprovision ofinfrastructure and overcrowding andcongestionwithininnercityneigh haphazard anduncoordinated physicaldevelopment, undesired consequences,notableamongwhichare enon, unfortunately, hasoccurred alongsideseveral growth over the past half Century. This phenom experiencing unprecedented populationandspatial the country’s 36states,withtowns andcitiesinthestate geopolitical zone, ranksamongthemosturbanized of The State of Osun, locatedin Nigeria’s South West EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2033. guide itssustainablegrowthovertheperiod2014to strategy withproposalsforanoverallframeworkto therefore integrateselementsof Plan radius ofthecore areas in these cities. The Structure programme designed to of participating This initiative,whichwouldguidethedevelopment Ife, IkireandEjigbo. Osogbo, Ede,Ilesa,Iwo,Ikirun,Ila-Orangun,Ile- of thelargestcitiesinState.Theare project onthepreparationofStructurePlansfor Settlements Programme agreement withthe Aregbe-sola, thoughatechnicalcooperation Action Plan,the State ofOsuntoactualize tainable urbanisation In or focus onthefollowing: and aidinformedstrategicdecision-making withmain In addition,theStructure Plan seeks to buildcapacity follow through for the cityofEjigbo,capital der to effectively address the challenges of unsus effectively address thechallenges cities over on State Governor,OgbeniRauf to regenerateaone-kilometre the state’sO-Renewal and adequatelypositionthe (UN-HABITAT) initiateda United NationsHuman the next 20 the regeneration its Six-PointIntegral of OsunState years, was also nine - - - - - for theStructure Plan. of thedatacollectionanddecision-makingprocesses were heldtoenhanceinclusiveness andallow validation areas. Focus Group Discussions andacityconsultation ITAT tocollectrelevant dataontheagreed thematic the RUSPS methodologydeveloped by theUN-HAB Urban Development were trainedontheapplicationof ofLands, staff ofthe Physical Planning and Ministry Through theadoptedprocess, consultantsand relevant ❚ ❚ ❚ EJIGBO PLANNINGAREA tradition remainsdominantin thetown. countries, including d’Ivoire and kilometres Osogbo; 24 east latitude 7º54’00’’ oftheEquator and4º18’54’’ north lingua countries likeGhana.Ithasbeensaidthat thesecond and RepublicofBenin,aswell asotherAnglophone widely across Ola OluwaLGA,bothintheStateofOsun. on LGAs inOyoStaterespectivelyandsharesboundaries the land areaof respectively. EjigboLGAcoversanapproximated Iwo and of Backgr about Indigenes ofEjigboarewell-travelledandhavesettled ❚ ❚ ❚ and roads. structure itemssuchaswater, sewerage, electricity to maximize efficiencyinthe provision ofkeyinfra areaswithin particular orgrowth corridorsinorder Providing forastagedurbandevelopment strategy education, andsocialwelfare); development, employment, housing, transportation, ational publicandopenspaces)affectingeconomic (includingprovisionservices foradequaterecre present andfuture commercial activitiesandpublic Providing fortheco-ordination ofawide-range and considerations; ical, environmental andsocio-economicconstraints growth ofthesecities,taking accountoftopograph Setting thebroad structure forthedirection offuture the eastwithEgbedoreLGAandonsouth Ejigbo LocalGovernmentArea.The north andwestbySurulereOgo-Oluwa of theGreenwich Meridian, istheheadquarters 40 franca in ound:

kilometres NorthWestof and 95 Ibadan (OyoStateCapitalcity) 373 kilometresSouth EastofEde; in severalFrancophone West Africa Ejigbo, the West Ejigbo isFrench, square kilometres.Itboundedon Cote d’Ivoire(Abidjan), Togo lying approximately between kilometres Africa coast, though the StateCapital, North notably Côte the Yoruba East of town 35 is - - - -

Residential land use forms the bulk of developments ment situation and local economic base; Governance in the built up area of the Planning Area while other that is characterised by the institutional arrangements prominent land uses are commercial, institutional, for the different kinds of urban governance existing public, agriculture and recreation. in the planning area; Gender, which highlights the issues of space for economic, political and social activ- Population: According to the 2006 National ities for women and the vulnerable groups thereby Population Census, the population of Ejigbo improving their access to opportunities and resources Local Government Area was 132,641, comprising for wealth creation and Heritage, which showcases the 65,916 males and 66,725 females. Other cultural norms and practices of the planning area while settlements in the Planning Area are Isoko, Ola, exploring the deep traditional setting that defines their Masifa, Isundunrin, Ilawo, Ife-Odan, Aato, Inisa, heritage in order to aid their development. Oguro, Igbon, Olosinmo, and Ika, Ijimoba, Songbe, Osuntedo and Iwata, among others. Environment covers all issues pertaining to the policy, legislative and institutional frameworks for environ- DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN EJIGBO mental conservation to address issues that relate PLANNING AREA to climate change; Urban Basic Services features several issues relating to education, water supply, Residential land use forms the bulk of the development health facilities, electricity, telecommunication, in the built up area in Ejigbo. The city grew inorgani- sanitation and solid wastes; Land Administration cally over the years with each compound or house built covers the legislative framework for land independent of the other but linked with a small footpath administration, information and management in the or lane as the case may be. The courtyard system of planning area; Urban Safety; Disaster Risk building is predominant in the settlement. Each house Reduction; and Transportation assesses the is therefore a collection of single rooms often rectangular existing transport system (networks and the in shape built around an open space, which is usually different modes) and auto park facilities within the used for passive recreation at night. In addition to the planning area in order to achieve a sustainable residential land use in Ejigbo, other existing land uses trans-port development. are commercial, institutional, industrial and religion, Upon analysis of the key issues, the preferred alterna- public, agriculture, circulation and recreation. tive growth pattern proposed for Ejigbo Planning Area is The Composite Model, which allows the develop- The residential area in Ejigbo can broadly be classified ment of both the central and outskirt areas is based into two: the old (core residential area) and the newer on the goals and objectives of the Structure Plan and xv (sub-urban residential area). Buildings in the core/ it proffers short, medium and long-term planning traditional residential area are mostly old and dilapi- to minimize the cost of relocating a large number of dated, due to the construction materials used, age and people and buildings. neglect. Many also lack basic amenities especially for general human conveniences and the general housing STRUCTURE PLAN VISION, GOALS AND environment in the traditional area generally poor. The OBJECTIVES situation however is different in the newer sub-urban areas, where there is a clear improvement in the The overarching Mission statement for Osun is building design, material, size of rooms and general “To provide an excellent, efficient and effective environment, among others. quality Government service that will result in the growth and physical development of the State of Osun as Only a few households in the Planning Area have well as in the improvement of the welfare of its citizenry access to improved water supply, piped borne water with a positive spill-over to other parts of Nigeria”. and improved sanitation. From all indication it can be deduced that many households in the Planning Area The vision for Ejigbo reflects the aspirations of the are slum households, and there is the likely hood that communities and supports the implementation of the they are located within slums. local agenda. The vision of the Structure Plan is therefore based on a thorough analysis and understanding The various development issues in Ejigbo Planning of the contributions from the consultation, the overall Area were reviewed through the profile studies and a vision of the State, the international and national city consultation was held in the city. The following policies. Although unforeseen changes over the next thematic issues guided the profiling and structure plan 20 years are likely, the Structure Plan vision is: preparation: “To develop Ejigbo as a dynamic, resilient, livable and Shelter and Slums, which covers issues of sanitation, inclusive city with strong social, economic, human, and housing and security of tenure for a better and clean infrastructural base that will significantly contribute city; Local Economic Development,which takes into to employment generation, poverty reduction and account the socio economic development, employ- environmental sustainability” xvi

Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ The specificobjectives are: ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ environs businesses and byenterprise, supporting Improving theoverall environment ofEjigbo and ment and infrastructure andanimproved localenviron Ejigbo cityandenvirons Improving theoverall physicalenvironment of meets localneeds; recreational activitiesandotherinfrastructure that healthcare, assets,communityservices, sporting tion andemployment culturaland opportunities, Supporting localcommunitylifethrough educa leisure usesinanattractive setting; quality andquantityofcommercial, residential and Regenerating Ejigbo Core area to provide improved homes,includingfamilyhousing; mix ofnew enhancing the publicrealm, and a more sustainable that willprovide forlocalbusinesses; support andproviding homes new - - meeting theneedsofitsresidents. a more sustainablehumansettlement,efficientand ment therecommendations. Thesewouldmake Ejigbo resourcesas well toimple as mobilising thenecessary government, theprivate sector, NGOSandthepublic, therefore rely between oneffective the partnership The implementationof Ejigbo Structure planwill ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ tectural, culturalorhistoricalinterest; buildings, andimprovement ofplaceslocal, archi To promote rehabilitation of andpreservation disposal, trafficcongestionandrisingenergycosts; Reducing theimpactsofflooding,inadequatewaste walking, cycling, androad; publictransport Making Ejigbo aneasyplacetogetandaround by - - 01

INTRODUCTION 2 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project PREAMBLE 1.1 achieving sustainability. cities experiencingrapidgrowth intheStatetowards plans toguidethedevelopment andmanagementof underscore theneedforadopting strategicurban of infrastructure, environmentalpollutionandlack shortages, proliferationofslums,inadequateurban urbanization intheStateofOsunincludehousing Development educational, culturalandcommercialactivities. government headquartersandcentresfor second, in-migration from of due uncontrolled expansionoftheirphysicalboundaries Orangun State years. Populationgrowth experience rapidpopulationgrowth inthe past in The State of Osun isoneof themosturbanized states these Nigeria andcitiesintheState have continuedto overall amenityamongothers.Thesechallenges to lackoflanduseplansguidethedevelopment two majorsources.First,isthepressurefrom like Osogbo,Ilesa, cities. Thesepressuresfor , their Ejigbo, IkirunandIkirehaveinturnledto challenges thathave of populationfrom multiple roles multiple in majorcitiesofthe Ile-Ife, as administrative/local growth havecome accompanied rural areasand Ede, Iwo,Ila

rapid 50 - ❚ ❚ cally, theproject isaimedat: land useplanninganddevelopment control. Specifi- Plans willaidinformedstrategicdecision-makingand development andgrowth inthenext20years. The these citiesasanoverall framework forguidingtheir State ofOsun inthepreparation ofStructure Plan for Ikirun. Ile namely cities, nine following the for IT Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HAB the State withtheUnited ofOsun inpartnership cities and Structure Plans are to guide the physical development plans fortheninemostpopulouscitiesinState. The O The ov formation, andensure significantc provision,service minimize theincidenceofslum unplanned In ❚ ❚ sun in local participatory planning and GIS applications planning andGISapplications in localparticipatory traininginstitutionsand otherkeyactors departments, Strengthening institutionalcapacitiesofrelevant state manner fortheninecities Developing Structure Plans inaparticipatory AT), embarked - rnu, kr and Ikire Ila-Orangun, Ejigbo, Ede, Iwo, Ife, order toaddress thechallengesarisingfrom management ofthesecitiestofacilitateeffective to economic growth and social welfare. Hence, decided toadopt erall objective the ofthisproject istosupport urbanization, the State Government of on the Preparation ofStructure Plans strategic urbandevelopment Plate 1:AerialviewofEjigbo ontribution ofthese sgo Ilesa, Osogbo, - ❚❚ Identification of priority interventions for enhancing Essentially, a Structure Plan is meant to: socio-economic development, urban management and setting up a framework for their implementation ❚ Generate and provide development plans to meet the social and economic needs of the residents in the ❚❚ Contributing to improved land administration by Planning Area in ways which do not compromise the establishing digital base maps for the three cities. quality of the environment and the quality of life of future generations, in accordance with the principles Essentially, the support of UN-HABITAT to the of sustainability. State Government of Osun and the nine cities is in aid of developing sustainable, rationalized and imple- ❚❚ Create, for the people of the Planning Area, the best mentable urban structure plans for each of the subject possible opportunities for work, housing, shopping, cities. Without such plans, strategic and meaningful education and leisure and for meeting social and development may be compromised in the cities. The community needs, including assisting those within structure plans are therefore very important, given the the community with particular disadvantages to need to contribute to the achievement of the goals improve their quality of life; and of State of Osun Six-Point Integral Action Plan, the Habitat Agenda in relation to providing adequate ❚❚ Improve and protect the built and natural environ- shelter for all and the Millennium Development Goals. ment of the Planning Area. This report presents the plan for Ejigbo and environs. In summary, the Structure Plan for Ejigbo Planning Area is designed to make significant contributions towards achieving the goals of the State of Osun’s Six-Point Integral Action Plan, the adapted Local 1.2 Economic Empowerment and Development Strategy THE NATURE AND OVERALL (LEEDS) by the constituent Local governments, the PURPOSE OF A STRUCTURE National Transformation Agenda and National Vision PLAN 20:2020 programme, the HABITAT Agenda and the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), as well as the National Policies on Housing and Urban Development.

A comprehensive land use plan for cities is usually undertaken by experts working with the community 3 in a participatory manner to guide the future use of land, address strategic issues of concern to the conti- 1.3 nuity and make long term decisions about the growth METHODOLOGY of the city.

The Structure Plan for Ejigbo is adopted as a statutory planning policy document which focuses on land-use Hitherto, master plans in Nigeria have been drawn development and protection, set within the context of without adequate consultation with the stakeholders. social, economic and environmental trends and consid- The effects of this non-participatory approach to the erations. It is a veritable tool for integrating the spatial formulation of land use plans are various. In many contexts of national, state and local planning policies instances, successful implementation has been hindered and provides strategies for the long-term use of land partly because the contents do not meet the expecta- and buildings, thus providing a framework for local tions of the stakeholders, where they have not been decision-making and the reconciliation of competing involved in the preparation and adoption. development and conservation interests. The Structure Plan therefore aims to ensure that land-use changes The approach adopted for the preparation of the Struc- proceed coherently, efficiently and with maximum ture Plans for Ejigbo Planning Area is the Rapid Urban benefits for the community. Sector Profiling for Sustainability (RUSPS) methodology. Questionnaires and field survey methods were The Structure Plan for Ejigbo and environs is to be used to collect relevant data and information. This was subjected to continuous public consultation, on-going supplemented by desk studies and reviews of relevant involvement and negotiation. Ideally, once adopted, all literature, hosting of focus group discussions to assist decisions on planning applications are made in accor- in collection of qualitative information and secondary dance with the adopted Structure Plan, unless other data on the various thematic issues as well as material considerations relating to land-use develop- forecasting the future of the city and formulation of ment indicate otherwise. land use projections and land use design. 4 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project three-day workshop onRUSPS from 24 in theState ofOsun, UN-HABITAT organized a local capacity to formulate structure plans for cities To achieve the objective of building national and formulation oflanduseplans. understanding andusefordatacollection,analysis ment ministries, and the NGO community towards its to build the capacity of consultants, staff of govern- methodology inNigeria hasbeenhingedontheneed Doma, andKeffi. Theadoptionofthe Karu RUSPS tion ofStructure Plans forfourcities,namelyLafia, to utilisetheRUSPS methodologyfortheprepara State. Nasarawa State wasthesecondState in Nigeria ture Plans forAwka, andOnitsha Nnewi inAnambra used inNigeria in2007forthepreparation ofStruc Master Plans forcitiesinEgypt. RUSPS wasfirst The RUSPS wasfirstappliedtothe preparation of Nigeria (UN-HABITAT, 2006). including Egypt, Ghana, Liberia,Kenya, Gambia and it hasbeensuccessfullyemployed inseveral countries proffered. Since 2003when thistoolwasdeveloped, areas ofcapacitygapsuponwhichsolutionsshouldbe of acity’s improvement needs.It helpstoidentify andaction-orientedassessment fective, participatory The RUSPS methodologyisatoolforrapid,cost-ef- study inSomalia. European Commission (EC) on an urban sector profile in 2003by UN-HABITAT whileworking withthe This toolisthe RUSPS, whichwasfirstdeveloped canbebased. immediate andlongterminterventions oped atoolforrapidurbanassessmentuponwhich urbanizing world’. In so doing, UN HABITAT devel planning, development andmanagement in arapidly for all’ and‘promoting sustainablehumansettlements cities with the twin goals of ‘providing adequate shelter socially andenvironmentally sustainabletowns and urbanization facingdeveloping countries,ispromoting The UN-HABITAT, in response to various challenges of 1.3.1 Training includedselectedtechnicalstaffof State of inthemethodology.fied experts atthe Participants September, 2013,toproperly trainandinductidenti

Overview oftheRUSPS Methodology

th to26 th - - - -

❚ cities were to: outprofiling studiesforthe The objectives ofcarrying isaster andRiskReduction; and eritage/Historic Areas. xi. overnance; and x. ix. viii. asic Urban Services; vii. rban Safety/Security; vi. v. iv. helter andSlums; iii. ii. i. 1.1. the selectedcitiesinState ofOsun isshown inFig methodology in the formulation of Structure Plans for The diagrammatic representation oftheuse RUSPS ❚ ❚ ❚ plan formulation: be covered intheprofiling ofcitiesforthestructure tants andtoagree onthefollowing thematicissuesto Agencies topresent theirprogrammes totheconsul formajorMinistries,opportunity and Departments Development. The RUSPS training alsocreated an and Federal ofLands,Housing Ministry andUrban Osun Polytechnic andstaffoftheLocal Government Development, Osun State Urban Development Board, Osun State ofPhysical Ministry Planning andUrban Osun Ministries, andAgenciesnotably, Departments ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ needed inthedifferent thematicareas; and Provide city-wideassessmentoftheimprovements opment andmanagementofhumansettlements. projects with the aim of achieving sustainable devel- including capacitybuildingandcapitalinvestment Identify priorityprojects areas forintervention and more effective institutionalandfinancing; for developing enablinglocalpolicies,regulations Identify capacity building needs and opportunities the cityalongthematicissues; andthreatsweaknesses, opportunities (SWOT) of Develop anunderstandingofthestrengths, Environment; Transportation; Land A D H G B U Local E S Gender; dministration. conomic Development; - FIGURE 1.1 The RUSPS Processes and Outputs

PROCESSES OUTPUTS

Rusps Training Capacity Building for RUSPS/Framework Agreed

Mobilization of Consultants Consultants Mobilized Citizens Sensitized

Fieldwork Relevant Data Acquired

Stakeholders’/City Consultation Priority Issues Agreed Consensus Built

Draft Structure Plan Report Draft Plan Produced

Technical Review of Draft Plan Comments Consolidated

Final Structure Plan Report

Source: UN-HABITAT 2009: Structure Plan for Awka and Satellite Towns, Nairobi.

1.3.2 Desk Study and Fieldwork Following the desk studies, the RUSPS questionnaire as agreed to at the training was used for data collection Following the training and in line with the RUSPS on the field from January to June 2013. 5 framework, consultants undertook desk studies and field work for collection of both primary and secondary The participatory RUSPS methodology enabled the data pertaining to the nine thematic issues. The aim of consultants to identify development priorities for the the desk study was to enable the consultants to acquire thematic areas of the profile studies which formed the additional necessary background data and information bases of formulating the Structure Plan. Additionally, on the Planning Area. The information collected by the peculiarities and anthropology of the city were the consultants was discussed and analysed to gain a considered for the development of the Structure Plan better understanding of the situation in the city. The for the Planning Area. consultants administered the RUSPS questionnaire to all relevant stakeholders for each of the agreed themes. 1.3.3 Stakeholders’ Consultations In addition, focus group discussions were held to collect required qualitative data and information on The method of data collection entailed holding of critical issues of development. discussions and consultations with critical stakeholders during the field work undertaken from January-June Information sources utilised and reviewed included 2013. Specifically, meetings and discussions were held inter alia: with stakeholder groups in the Planning Area and at State and Local Government levels from February to a. Project Documents; March, 2013. b. Relevant Acts; c. Population Statistics; The Ejigbo City Consultation was held at d. Data Base on Business premises, institutions, Carpenters Hall, Ejigbo on Wednesday, July 18, infrastructure etc.; 2013, with 379 participants in attendance. The e. Regulatory Frameworks; consultation featured technical presentations on each f. Programme Websites; and of the thematic issues covered in the RUSPS. g. Land records, registration etc. Participants at the consultation were subdivided into Syndicate Groups to enable them have detailed discussion on the nine thematic issues. 6 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project prepared thefollowing reports: ration oftheStructure Plan, consultantsforCluster3 conducted and the City Consultations held for prepa- Following thedeskstudy, theprofiling studies 1.3.4 The Syndicate Groups were classifiedasfollows:

Urban Planning- Local Economic Development Technical Reporting Governance- Group 3 Group 1 Heritage Gender- Environment and Transportation Infrastructure Services and Group 2

Group 4 Urban Urban vi. v. iv. iii. ii. i. priate sectionsofthisReport. the Structure Plan andare highlightedintheappro tions in theCityDeclaration have been integrated into agreed The salient by theparticipants. recommenda collective resolutions forEjigbo Planning Area as ration for Ejigbo was adopted, which contains the were adopted by voice acclamation and a City Decla- at the Plenary. Consensus was reached andthe reports The ofthe Reports Syndicate Groups were presented Plates 2-7:StakeholdersattheEjigboCityConsultation Structure plan report forEjigboPlanning Area Ejigbo CityconsultationsReport; and Issues Paper forConsultationinEjigbo; Profile ofstakeholdersinthecity; Inception report; Urban Profile Report ofEjigbo; - - 1.4 Defining Ejigbo Planning Area

FIGURE 1.2 Map of Ejigbo Planning Area in the State of Osun

The Ejigbo Planning Area as defined by the State ❚❚ RUSPS promotes the adoption of a participatory and Ministry of Lands, Physical Planning and Urban integrated approach to data collection and analysis Development (MLPP&UD), comprises the entire of urban issues. Essentially, the methodology empha- territory delineated as Ejigbo Local Government Area. sizes involvement of stakeholders (local government officials, traditional councils, communities, professional groups, trade unions and organisations, civil society organisations, among others) in identifying priority issues and obtaining their buy-in for urban 1.5 planning and management and in monitoring the LESSONS LEARNED implementation process.

❚❚ It covers the multi-dimensional nature of urban planning and management in the areas of shelter In applying RUSPS in the preparation of the Structure and slum, local economic development, governance, Plan for Ejigbo Planning Area, the following lessons gender, heritage, environment, urban basic services, were learnt: urban safety, disaster and risk reduction and transportation in order to attain an inclusive city. ❚❚ The methodology provides an opportunity for rapid scoping of urban areas. ❚❚ It helps to identify critical areas of capacity gaps that need strengthening for effective urban management. ❚❚ It helps identify key development challenges to be addressed and priority projects. ❚❚ RUSPS offers a greater scope for adopting a gender perspective to urban planning and management. 8 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project in thetown. upon by the stakeholders at the city consultation held in theprofile studiesconductedandtheissuesagreed they relate toEjigbo, whichhave beenhighlighted concise accountsofcriticaldevelopmental issuesas land usesandsettlementpatterns. ofthepeoplepopulationpattern,existing ment, history including its geographical setting, the natural environ general background accountofEjigbo Planning Area accounts. the introductory This haseightchapters. report 1.6 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ thematic issues. analysis ofthecitywithrespect totheadopted It provides outSWOT thebedrock forcarrying level isachieved through theRUSPS methodology. Positive strong politicalcommitmentatthehighest STRUCTURE OFTHEREPORT Chapter 2 Chapter 1 Chapter 3 provides a provides provides - Structure Plan. well asmodalities forreview andsustainabilityofthe institutional framework,monitoringandevaluation, as including phasingofproposed development, legaland discusses criticalissuesrelated toplanimplementation growth ofthecityfornext 20years. land useproposals toguideorderly development and Plan policies, strategies and standards for realizing the in Ejigbo andenvirons fortheplanperiodare contained objectives. Theprojections forpopulationgrowth of to advancing theStructure Plan’s vision,goalsand patterns forEjigbo andenvirons. Chapter 4 Chapter 6 discussesthealternative urbangrowth , while Chapter 7 presents theStructure Chapter 5 Chapter 8 isdevoted

BACKGROUND TO EJIGBO PLANNING AREA 10 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE2.1MapofNigeriashowingthelocationStateOsun 31 LGAs intheState ofOsun. Thetown isabout40 of Ejigbo LocalGovernment Area (LGA), oneofthe one oftheStates inNigeria. Ejigbo istheheadquarters Ejigbo Planning Area islocatedintheState ofOsun, REGIONAL SETTING LOCATION: NATIONAL AND 2.1 O Capital city)respectively. kilometres North EastofIwo andIbadan (Oyo State 24 kilometres South EastofEde; 35kilometres and95 kilometres North West oftheState Capital,Osogbo; 30 Ikirun, cities The are: Districts. Senatorial three the across are the focus of the Structure Plans Project are spread Th ffice,Modakeke (Figure 2.2). Th e State isdividedintothree Senatorial Districts and Local Government Areas, aswell astheIfe EastArea sgo te tt cptl Iea Ile Ilesa, capital, State the Osogbo, Ejigbo, Iwo,IkireandIla- Orangun. e ninecit e f, Ede, -Ife, ies whi ch FIGURE 2.2 Map of Osun showing Local Government Areas

Source: State Government of Osun

2.2 EJIGBO PLANNING AREA

Ejigbo Planning Area lies approximately between latitude 7º54’00’’ north of the Equator and 4º18’54’’ east of the Greenwich Meridian. It covers a land area of approximately 373 square kilometres and is bounded on the north and west by Surulere and Ogo-Oluwa LGAs of Oyo State respectively. It shares boundary on the east with Egbedore LGA and on the south with Ola Oluwa LGA, both in the State of Osun State. The Local Government is made up of 11 political wards, five of which are located in Ejigbo Town while the other six are outside the city. 12 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE2.3StateofOsunShowingStructure PlanProject Cities Source: MinistryofLands, Physical PlanningandUrbanDevelopment,StateofOsun2013 Ejigbo and environs experience heavy rainfall between July and September of each year. The mean annual 2.3 rainfall over the area is about 1410mm, while the NATURAL ENVIRONMENT FACTORS lowest and highest annual rainfall are about 838mm and 1860mm respectively. However, there are significant deviations from these values from year to year as a result of changes in climate being experienced around 2.3.1. Climate the world. Rainfall data for the year 2010 from the nearest meteorological station (Ibadan) is presented in Ejigbo Planning Area lies within the tropical rain forest Fig. 2.3. climate region with clear-cut hot and humid conditions during the rainy seasons. The onset of the rainy The mean maximum temperature of about 280C season in the area is characterized by strong winds. occurs usually in February while the mean minimum Rains are experienced over almost seven months of the temperature of about 24.50C occurs in August when year (April - October), while two months (November there is dense cloud cover. The city also experiences and December) are dry and dusty (Harmattan) and the a high relative humidity of over 80%. The pattern of three remaining months (January –March) fall within temperature as obtained in the nearest meteorolog- the hot and dry season. These seasons are brought ical station (Ibadan) and recorded for the year 2010 is about by the two predominant winds prevailing in the detailed in Fig. 2.4. area: the South Western trade winds from the Atlantic Ocean and the North Eastern trade winds from across the Sahara Desert.

FIGURE 2.4 Rainfall pattern in Ejigbo Planning Area

350 300 250 200 150 13 100 50 0 July May June April March August January October February December November September Source: NIMET, Lagos (2013)

FIGURE 2.5 Pattern of Annual (2010) Temperature of Ejigbo Planning Area

20 Temperature °C Temperature 10

0 July May June April March August January October February

Months December November September

Maximum Minimum Source: NIMET, Lagos (2013) 14 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project under Ibadan, whentheIbadan armymoved to protect Oyo Empire. Sometime around 1835, Ejigbo came of ‘Ogiriniyan’), rightafterthefoundingof theOld settlement foundedby AkinjoleOgiyan (abbreviation According records, tooralhistory Ejigbo isanancient 2.4.1 EJIGBO PLANNINGAREA HISTORY ANDDEVELOPMENTOF 2.4 FIGURE2.6Topography MapofEjigboPlanningArea and Guinea savanna. vegetation islargelymadeupofstretches ofwoodlands changed the natural vegetation of Ejigbo and today, the increase inpopulationhave considerablyaffectedand is basicallyforest. Human activitiesfuelledby the and savanna growth, thoughthenaturalvegetation andischaracterized by amosaicofforestthe country Ejigbo Planning Area fallswithintherainforest beltof 2.3.2

Vegetation History

The average elevation is426metres. 2.3.4. ReliefandDrainage outcrop. many places,there are deepbrown sandsandlaterite gravel inyellowconcretionary brown sandyclay. In weathered soil of grey brown coarse and over abundant basement complexrock. It hasover itamantleof The majorgeologicalformationin Ejigbo isthe 2.3.3 Local Government Area inthe State andFederation. its statusquo. Indeed, Ejigbo LGA isoneoftheoldest ment Areas inNigeria since1988todatehave affected of thereforms andcreation ofadditionalLocal Govern Local Government Reforms of1976andtilldate,none of Ejigbo LocalGovernment wasnotaffected by the ofthe Western State LawofNigeria. Theterritory 68) April 1973through theLocalGovernment Law(Cap Ejigbo LocalGovernment several years lateron1st a District Council.Thisgave waytothecreation of By March 1954, the town wasfully constituted into Ijaye, Jalumi, andKirijiwars between 1860and1866. Ejigbo are saidtohave assistedtheIbadan armyinthe Osogbo from Ilorin invaders and detachments from

Geology andSoils - Indigenes of Ejigbo are well travelled and are well 2.4.2 Population Growth in Ejigbo known for the large communities of Ejigbo indigenes According to the 1991 Population Census, there established outside the country. This has influenced the were a total of 69,366 in Ejigbo Local socio-cultural attributes of the people, such as mode Government Area comprising 33,409 males and of dressing, language and mannerisms among others 35,957 females. Specif-ically, 48.22% (16,111) of (Adeniran 2010). Indeed, it is widely acknowledged the male and 49.88% (17,936) of the female that the second lingua franca in Ejigbo is French, population were resident in Ejigbo town. By though the Yoruba tradition remains dominant in the 2006, the population of the Local Government town. The Ejigbo people are found in both Franco- Area stood at 132,641, comprising 65,916 phone and Anglophone West African countries, males and 66,725 females (NPC 2008). notably Cote d’Ivoire (Abidjan), Togo, the Republic Although, there was no record of the number of of Benin and Ghana. Of about 1.2 million Nigerians people living in the city during the 2006 Census residing in Cote d’Ivoire since the 1930s, indigenes of exercise, the Census figures show that the Ejigbo Local Government Area constitute up to 50% population of Ejigbo Local Government Area of that population. increased by 52.30% between 1991and 2006, indicating an annual growth rate of 3.48 per cent. Farming constitutes the traditional economy in Ejigbo and essentially involves the production of such food 2.4.3 Age Structure of Population in crops as tubers (yam, cassava, cocoyam and potato), State of Osun grains (maize, guinea corn) and cowpea as well as cash crops like oil palm, coconut and varieties of fruits. The The age structure of residents in the State was not land on which the crops are farmed is of the tropical disaggregated on a Local Government Area basis dry forest and savanna which has not been very useful under the 2006 Census. However, state-wide data for large-scale cultivation of cash crops like cocoa, (NPC 2009) (Table 2.3) showing the distribution of kola-nut and others as obtains in other forested parts residents in the State into the different age structure of Yoruba land. Modernization has however assisted - by five year age groups and gender - indicates that a in improving farming activities and other agricultural total of 48.51% (1,657,522) constitute the dependent processing in Ejigbo. Hence, large poultry, fishery and population. This group comprises persons within the animal husbandry farms have been established in the age groups between 0 and 19 years. Though the youths Planning Area. In 2008, Ejigbo was ranked highest (ages 20-34) accounted for 25.50% of the popula- producer of life Cat fish in the State. However, because tion,the age groups which are dominant in the work the farmlands are not located very far from the town force constitute only 22.22% of the State of Osun 15 the people have always largely been urban dwellers. population.

FIGURE 2.7 Male and Female Population in Ejigbo Planning Area (1991 and 2006)

80,000

70,000

60,000

50,000

40,000 Male Female 30,000

20,000

10,000

0 1991 2006 16 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project them. the traditionalHigh ChiefsandPrinces surrounding and market square atthecenterandcompoundsof town, withtheOba’s Palace, town hall,CentralMosque characteristic ofthemorphologytypical Yoruba in thebuiltuparea inEjigbo. Thecity structure is Residential landuseformsthebulkofdevelopment 2.4.4 FIGURE2.8 TABLE 2.1 Total 85+ 80 -84 75 -79 70 -74 65 -69 60 -64 55 -59 50 -54 45 -49 40 -44 35 -39 30 -34 25 -29 20 -24 15 -19 10 -14 5 -9 0 -4 Age Group 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 50,000 Development andPhysical Growth ofEjigboPlanningArea 0 AgeStructure ofResidentsintheStateOsunbygender Agedistributionofresidents intheStateofOsunbygender 0-4

05-Sept

Oct-14

15-19 20-24

25-29 30-34

35-39 1,734,149 101,297 138,189 175,529 206,086 217,502 230,176 208,946 11,032 10,061 20,962 20,201 39,641 33,793 67,171 71,487 87,130 85,511

40-44 9,435 Male

45-49 50-54 55-59 60-64 65-69

70-74 1,682,810 104,712 120,679 161,758 174,049 190,738 196,232 209,859 197,983 Female 15,442 17,862 32,808 31,029 54,752 66,154 84,717 Source: NationalPopulationCommission(2009) 75-79 8,023 8,773 7,240 80-84 85+ Female Male 3,416,959 121,923 137,641 171,847 190,223 221,976 299,947 349,578 396,824 413,734 440,035 406,929 19,055 18,834 16,675 36,404 38,063 72,449 64,822 Total FIGURE 2.9 Satellite Imagery of Ejigbo Planning Area

The city grew inorganically over the years with each an open space, which is usually used for passive recre- compound or house built independent of the other but ation at night. In addition to the residential land use in linked with a small footpath or lane as the case may Ejigbo, other existing land uses are commercial, insti- be. The courtyard system of building is predominant tutional, industrial and religion, public, agriculture, 17 in the settlement. Each house is therefore a collection circulation and recreation. of single rooms often rectangular in shape built around

FIGURE 2.10 Existing Land Use in Ejigbo Planning Area 18 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Osuntedo andIwata, amongothers. Inisa, Oguro, Igbon, Olosinmo, Ika, Ijimoba, Songbe, Isoko, Ola, Masifa, Isundunrin, Ilawo, Ife-Odan, Aato, Other major settlementsinEjigbo Planning Area are 2.4.5 Other settlementsinEjigbo Planning Area 03

19 DEVELOPMENT ISSUES IN EJIGBO PLANNING AREA 20 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 1. Ejigbo City Declaration to intheappropriate sectionsofthisReport, whilethe tion of the Structure Plan for Ejigbo have been referred stakeholders whichare ofsignificancetotheformula planning ofthearea. Thecriticalcontributionsofthe the thematicareas whichare ofrelevance tothefuture which consensus was reached on in respect of each of inattendance,during 18, 2013with379participants City ConsultationsheldinEjigbo on Wednesday, July study were thereafter presented tostakeholdersatthe The various development issuesidentifiedinthe profile Safety, Disaster andriskreduction and Transportation. Urban Basic LandAdministration, Services, Urban ment, These are Shelter and Slums, thematic areas adoptedundertheRUSPS framework. between January andMay 2013focusedontheeleven The Profile studyconductedon Ejigbo Planning Area PROFILING EJIGBOPLANNINGAREA 3.1 Governance, Gender, Heritage, Environment, canbefound in Appendix Local Economic Develop Plate 8:Deterioratinghousingenvironment inthecore area ofEjigbo - - ❚ ❚ ❚ more thanoneofthefollowing attributes: refers toareas thatmanifestanyoneoracombination The definitionof “slums” bythe United Nations(2002) in slums. shelter forallandimprove thelives ofthepeopleliving urged theglobalcommunitytopromote adequate the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)have in the housing subsector. Both the Habitat Agenda and (Wahab 1983).Slums are themanifestationsofpoverty Housing isregarded asmore thanprovision ofshelter 3.2.1 PRIORITIES DEVELOPMENT ISSUESAND 3.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Inadequate accesstosafewater; Overcrowding; Poor qualityofhousing; structural Lack ofsecure tenure. ture; Inadequate accesstosanitationandotherinfrastruc SHELTER ANDSLUMS - Plates 9-10: Older houses built with Laterite in the core area and a residential building in the sub-urban area of Ejigbo Town

Slum formation is a product of inadequate housing, 2006). These were compared with other National data deferred maintenance of infrastructure and structures, on slum indicators (UN-Habitat 2008). deficiency in housing services provision and unmet expectations. There are three government initiated development schemes that are ongoing in Ejigbo. These comprise Existing Housing Stock in Ejigbo Planning two residential and one industrial scheme owned by Area the LGA. The residential schemes are located along The residential area in Ejigbo can broadly be classified Ejigbo-Ede and Ejigbo-Isoko Roads, while the indus- into two: the old (core residential area) and the newer trial scheme is to be located at Masifa. On the other (sub-urban residential area). Buildings in the core/ hand, there are only two registered and adopted private traditional residential area are mostly old and dilap- residential layouts in the Planning Area, namely: idated, due to the construction materials used, age Oyedemi and Apetu Mekun family layouts. The LGA and neglect (Plate 9). Many also lack basic amenities residential scheme along Ejigbo-Ede Road has been especially for general human conveniences and the fully allotted, though no considerable development has general housing environment in the traditional area commenced at the location. The Isoko-Ejigbo Road generally poor. The situation however is different in the residential scheme and Masifa industrial schemes are at newer sub-urban areas, where there is a clear improve- documentation stage. 21 ment in the building design, material, size of rooms and general environment, among others. On one of the development schemes, however, the State government has commenced the building of a school In assessing housing conditions within the Planning on plots of land hitherto allocated to individuals by the Area, data on selected slum indicators were used, LGA. Some indigenes have expressed concern that this namely the proportion of households with access to lack of planning harmony and consensus between the improved water, proportion of household population state and the LGA Town Planning and Land Services with access to piped water, proportion of household Department has sent wrong signals to potential devel- population with access to improved sanitation and opers, majority of whom are in the Diaspora in Cote proportion of household population with access to D’ivoire and Ghana, among others. durable housing (National Population Commission

TABLE 3.1 Distribution of Regular Households by Type of Housing Unit Total House on separate stand or yard made Structure of traditional material Flat in block of flats Semi-detached house Rooms/Let in house Informal/ Improvised dwelling Others Osun 730313 453516 21765 94111 44614 95740 2024 18543 Ejigbo 28184 18738 741 3184 1940 2937 32 612 22 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 3.6 TABLE 3.5 indicators in2003(UN-Habitat 2008).Theseare as were compared withanotherNational dataonslum (National Population Commission2006).These slumindicatorsweresanitation, dataonfew used In assessinghouseholdaccesstoimproved waterand Access towaterandsanitation TABLE 3.2 TABLE 3.4 TABLE 3.3 Ejigbo Osun Ejigbo Osun Ejigbo Osun Ejigbo Osun Ejigbo Osun 730313 DistributionofRegularHouseholdsbyOwnershipStatusDwellingUnit DistributionofRegularHouseholdsbySource ofWater SupplyforDomesticPurpose DistributionofRegularHouseholdsbyType of Toilet Facility DistributionofRegularHouseholdsbyTenure StatusofDwellingUnit DistributionofRegularHouseholdsbyNumberExclusiveSleepingRooms Household 28184 730313 28184 Regular 730313 730313 28184 28184 Total Total 730313 28184 Total 52098 Total 452264 17616 Sleeping 409 Pipe-borne 77643 Room Heads of 2067

102172 inside dwelling

No Household 2424

Water Closet 66482

Pipe-borne 21687 Owned 432938 17702 (WC) 262 803 54732

outside Room

1517 Spouse to Head dwelling One of Household 303553 9423 94428 9299 3897 Rooms 126 not paidoff Owned but Tanker supply/ 85127 3280

Two Other Household Pit Latrine water vendor 17318 796 Member 340368 15866 27696 14783 Rooms

1803 Relative but 95082 Three 376 3476 not Household Well likely hoodthattheyare locatedwithinslums. the Planning Area are slumhouseholds,andthere isthe indication itcanbededucedthatmanyhouseholdsin piped bornewaterandimproved sanitation.From all the Planning Area have access to improved water supply, presented inFig 3.1.Evidently, householdsin onlyfew Bucket/ Pan Member 208531 Rented 5737 36807 98811 118958 1096 Rooms 2889 3915 Four Privately Owned

9507 Toilet Facility

378 Bore- hole in separate (Landlord) dwelling Occupied rent-free 48873 Rooms 1615 66000 46235 9090 3711 1798 356 Five

55705 Rain water Private Employer 2919 Source: NationalPopulationCommission 153542 110063 Rooms 7530

Public Toilet 9032 4259 Squatting River Stream/ 261

Six Other Private 3641 Spring 167 Agency 242056 12574 Rooms 12399 Seven 22377

Outside (bush/ 4555 Dugout/Pond/ 1006 209 beach/field) Lake/ Dam/ 429 Public Govt Pool Owned Others 1885 Eight & 71 120096 Rooms Above 18289 2537 1071 4906 6866 130 90 Other Other Other TABLE 3.7 Distribution of Regular Households by Method of Solid Waste Disposal

Total Collected Buried by Public Unapproved Burnt by Other Household Approved Dump site Household Dump site Osun 730313 51988 42960 122459 280247 219714 12945 Ejigbo 28184 1687 1725 3529 14687 5833 723 Source: National Population Commission

FIGURE 3.1 Comparative analysis of housing conditions (2003 and 2006)

90 80 70 60

50 Nigeria (2003) 40 Planning Area (2006) 30 20 10 0 Access to Access Access to Access to improved to piped improved durable water water sanitation housing

Housing regulations and policy Despite the proliferation of slums in the state, there has The National Housing Policy (2012), Urban Devel- not been any case of forced eviction in Ejigbo. Indeed, opment Policy (2012), Land Use Act (1978) and the slum areas within Ejigbo and environs have become Urban and Regional Planning Act (1992), contain places of permanent abode for many, including the essential provisions which take care of housing and low income, destitute and the less privileged, among slum upgrading in the country at large. Although, the others. State of Osun is practically operating the 1992 National Urban and Regional Planning Law, the state has not Housing and Urban Renewal passed the required planning legislation into law. This Despite the dismal state of housing and the preva- is contrary to the provisions of the Supreme Court lence of slum conditions in most parts of the Planning ruling in 2004 which states that the 1999 Urban and Area, several steps have been taken by the state govern- Regional Planning Decree should no longer be implement to improve the quality of life of the people in mented as a national legislation. However, the State has the State of Osun. Notable among these is the state- commenced the process of passing its own planning wide Urban Renewal (O’ Renewal) Programme, which legislation into law and a Bill to this effect is awaiting is being implemented in the nine cities earmarked for passage into law by the State House of Assembly. the preparation and adoption of Structure Plans. This programme involves the survey and rehabilitation of Security of tenure the areas within a one-kilometer radius from the city Before the enactment of the Land Use Act in 1978, centre, for the purpose of renewing the oldest sections land was communally owned and held in trust by of the city. the Oba on behalf of the community or individuals and families. Subsequently, outright transfer through Efforts to improve the quantity and quality of the family and male inheritance system has led to land housing stock in the Planning Area have consisted fragmentation while activities of land speculators are mainly of individuals or groups embarking on develop- also on the increase. This has also resulted in skewed ment of private housing, such as single-unit residential ownership ownership of land in favour of males, since buildings mostly outside the core area, with devel- land inheritance is mostly patrilineal. Women are opment of a few residential layouts outside the core however not denied access to land when they have the residential area. financial resources to purchase them. 24 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 3.8SWOTAnalysisofShelterandSlumsPriorityIssues nadequate provision ofinfrastructure and i. conditions inEjigbo Planning Area includethefollowing: Priority issuesassociatedwiththeprevalence ofslum Shelter andSlums:PriorityIssues ments inthePlanning Area effectively. toperform Town Planning intheLocalGovern andLandServices equipment andmaterialsrequired by of theDepartment state, whilethere islow of technicalcapacityandadearth in Ejigbo LocalGovernment Area likeinothersthe minimize the prevalence of slum conditions is weak opment control required this initiative to and support However, theinstitutionalframework/policyfordevel - Development. STRENGTH including Ejigbo nine cities scheme for urban renewal embarked on State has state system forthe information of Digitalland Establishment ownership. system ofland cultural legal and Existence of and Urban for Housing legislation policies and of National Existence ment withinthePlanning Area; leadingtodeteriorationoflivingenviron services I

• • • • WEAKNESSES • • • • • • and non-Indigenes. access tolandforwomen ownership whichensures slum prevention andland lack ofproper approach to dwellers livinginslumsand High percentage ofurban areas. covering onlytheinner surrounding communities. Plans forEjigboand Absence offormalMaster for theState. of UrbanPlanninglegislation legislation andnon-adoption Use ofoutdatedplanning state. of adoptedpoliciesinthe Low levelofimplementation Partial scopeofthescheme funding. sourceslimited external of from sources internal and Lack ofadequatefunding and non-Indigenes. access tolandforwomen ownership whichensures slum prevention andland Lack ofproper approach to processes andinstitutions lending environment, Sub-optimal mortgage transferring property Inefficient mechanismsfor government. control systeminthelocal Weak development • • • • • OPPORTUNITIES other areas. slum upgradingto Ejigbo toextend Structure Planfor opportunities inthe Prospects/ slum upgrading. programme for the ORenewal expansion of Prospects for slum upgrading. programme for the ORenewal expansion of Prospects for adopted policies strategies of objectives, and to reflect the Structure plan Prospects inthe - - Ejigbo Planning Area ispresented in Table 3.8. and Threats (SWOT) for Shelter and Slum issuesin Analysis oftheStrengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities nadequate capacitytoidentify, prioritize plans v. w accesstolandandcredit forbothmenand iv. ii. ii. forceful evictions; tion ofthelegalrightsslumdwellers from and implementprojects forslumupgrading. mentation ofslumupgradingactivities; forsustainedimple public-private partnerships women inslumareas; I Lack ofinstitutionalframe Lo Limited S • • • • • • • • • • THREATS good sanitation. environment and water, aesthetic access topotable living without urban population with about70%of High slumcoverage to landusezoning. Possible resistance situation. housing delivery existing ineffective continuation ofthe Lack ofreform, Poor funding Lack ofpoliticalwill Lack ofcontinuity to landusezoning. Possible resistance Lack ofpoliticalwill condition. to worsehousing situation leading Do nothing building materials. and highcostof of thepopulation income ofmajority low percapital High landprices, ecurity of Tenure andlackofprotec • • • • • • • PRIORITY PROJECTS provision. infrastructure expansion and suburban housing strategic planfor Development of needs. meeting housing as measures for Estates andschemes approved Housing Development of indigenes. widows andnon- the poor, women, access tolandby process toensure Reform oflandtitling slums. inner toouterarea programmes from urban renewal and extendexisting Implement, sustain, and sanitation. access tosafewater Provision of adequate and suburbanslums Upgrading ofinner standards. and landuse legislation, policies Passage ofrelevant work such as - - Plate 11: A section of the Ogiyan market during midweek trading

3.2.2 LOCAL ECONOMIC also take place on other week days. There are also two DEVELOPMENT major shopping complexes that operate daily in the town, namely the Gbamoge and Popo supermarkets. It The major economic activity of residents in the Ejigbo is estimated that majority of the female population are Planning Area is agriculture, while activities in the engaged in itinerary trading, selling household wares informal sector, comprising mainly petty traders, and food items. artisans, mechanics, carpenters and bricklayers among others, are very prominent and employ a signifi- There are two Microfinance firms located within the cant proportion of working-age residents with about Planning Area, as no commercial banks currently 20-30% of youths in the Planning Area engaging in operate in the town. However, there is an agency bank 25 operation of commercial motorcycle business popularly (Unity Bank) that operates only at the LGA Secretariat known as Okada. for the purpose of facilitating payment and management of government revenue and expenditure. The The formal sector on the other hand caters for a much Karowosaye Co-operative Society is the main source lower proportion of workers in the employment of the through which traders and artisan access loans in the Local, State and Federal government ministries and Planning Area. agencies. Several residents in the Planning Area are also engaged in the numerous primary and post primary Institutional Framework on Local Economic schools, health centres, the police as well as other Development security agencies. There are various agencies involved in LED development in the State of Osun, comprising Federal, state Agriculture and local government agencies that have primary roles It has been estimated informally that about 65% of for promoting economic development. Some Federal the local population in Ejigbo engage in one or more agencies with responsibility for executing national forms of agricultural activity. Among the widespread programmes for economic development and poverty farming activities, crop production involving Oil Palm, eradication in Ejigbo Planning Area include the Cashew, and Kola nut are the most prevalent. About National Poverty Eradication Programme (NAPEP) and 2,800 Hectares (Ha) of land are being cultivated in the National Directorate for Employment (NDE). At the Planning area, though mainly at subsistence level. the State level there are the Ministry of Planning and Livestock such as Goats and Pigs are also reared mostly Budget and the Ministry of Commerce among others. by the female folk. The principal State agency responsible for coordinating Commerce activities in this sector is the State of Osun Rural Enter- Major markets in the Planning Area include Ogiyan, prise and Agricultural Programme (O-REAP), which Ife-Odan and Bara Markets with the main market is mandated to promote agriculture reformation and in the town, Ogiyan, located at the heart of Ejigbo economic growth and position the state as the food town. Prominent trading activities in this market take basket for the South West by producing 10% of the place every Saturday, although commercial activities food market needs in Lagos through the following: 26 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project adequate representation andresponsible structures and areliable electoralprocess thatgives way for and accountableinstitutions,democraticprinciples 2006). Generally, governance emphasizes effective structure andasocialinvestment climate (World Bank infra of basic services, including the delivery services, and exercise theauthoritytoprovide publicgoodsand which publicofficialsandinstitutionsacquire 1991). Similarly, governance refers tothemannerin manage society’s(World problems andaffairs Bank ical authorityandtheuseofinstitutionalresources to Governance hasbeendescribedas‘the exercise ofpolit 3.2.3 GOVERNANCE upstream anddownstream institutionsseeks support ment promoted theestablishmentofO-REAPasan agro-allied industries, thestategovernancillary In order toenhancecapacityintheagriculture and ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ TABLE 3.9 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ and SMISSMEs assist theunemployed Ongoing programme to commercial activities promoting industrialand commitment in Federal Government’s establishments scale commercial Existence ofsmall STRENGTH against naturaldisasterssuchasdrought; foodshort Ensuring that theState isadequatelyprotected in sufficientquantityandataffordable prices Ensuring that foodisavailable intheState ofOsun consumption maize, cassava, cowpea, vegetables, etc.forlocal Increasing thecultivation ofarablecrops suchas the sellingoftheirproduce. farmers toconsumerandindustrialfoodmarkets for Creating by linking agribusinessopportunities massive increase inagriculturalproduction. Creating forfarmersthrough jobopportunities price inflation. ages; andthevagaries ofthemarket placesuchas SWOTAnalysisLocalEconomicDevelopment information funds andvaluable Lack ofaccessto residential areas located within Local industries information funds andvaluable Lack ofaccessto youth attracting 60-80%of Large informalsector WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES a standard industrialestate provide anopportunityfor The structure planwill standard industrialestate for establishmentofa will makeprovision The structure plan to promote LEDinEjigbo commitment Government area are activeintheplanning notably UNICEF, andEU, Some donoragencies - - - - Table 3.9. ment issuesin and Threats (SWOT) forLocal Economic Develop The analysisof Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities Government ofOsun. have oftheState been cultivated withthesupport production. In all,atotalof 10,698 acres offarmland plant 1.3millionplantainsuckersforrefined plantain to clusters, while2000farmershave beensupported square kilometres of maize and 500 acres of vegetable empowerment of28Cooperative groups toplant17 under theOsun Broiler Outgrower Scheme(OBOPS); state includeprovision to220farmergroups ofsupport administration toboostagriculturalproduction inthe Other incentives have been given by thepresent taxes. revenue oftheState through improved paymentof will alsoleadtoanincrease intheinternallygenerated oftheformalsector,tries. Asfarmerswillbepart this in theagriculturesector andotheragro-allied indus to increase householdincomesforindividualsengaged in thecountry, amajorlacunaistheabsenceof localgovernmentsand bothurbanrural co-exist administer governance atthelocal government levels nance. Thoughlocalgovernments were establishedto formal framework toaddress theissueofurbangover and localgovernment levels, there isnoprovision fora attheFederal,trative structure forthecountry state of Nigeria outlinesthethree-tier politicaladminis While the 1999 Constitution of the Federal republic Institutional Framework strategies forurbanmanagement. tutionalization of appropriate policies, programs and of government aswell aseffective andefficientinsti THREATS resources Lack of power supply Inadequate Ejigbo Planning Area are presented in PRIORITY PROJECT supply Improvement inpower medium enterprises parks forsmalland Development ofbusiness and establishnewones especially Ogiyanmarket Rehabilitate oldmarkets for Ejigbo Develop industrialestate - - - - - single authority for administering towns and cities, iii. Licensing of bicycles, trucks (other than mechan- many of which have been fractured into several local ically propelled trucks), canoes, wheel barrows government areas. However, due to the strong cultural and carts; ties existing in the communities, the governance iv. Establishment, maintenance and regulation of framework in Ejigbo Planning Area consists of both slaughter houses, slaughter slabs, markets, motor the traditional institutions and the local government parks and public conveniences; authorities. v. Construction and maintenance of roads, streets, street lightings, drains and other public highways, Traditional Governance Framework parks, gardens, open spaces etc.; Traditionally, Ejigbo is ruled by the Oba, whose title vi. Naming of roads and streets and numbering of is the Ogiyan, and he presides over the Traditional houses; Council of chiefs comprising other titled chiefs and vii. Provision and maintenance of public conve- community and village heads. The major traditional niences, sewage and refuse disposal; Chiefs are Osolo, Ejemu, Alawe and Asalu. Other tradi- viii. Registration of all births, deaths and marriages; tional titles are Oye, Iyalode and Iyaloja. The Oba in ix. Assessment of privately owned houses or Council discharge various responsibilities, including tenements for the purpose of levying such rates settling of community disputes and other issues that as may be prescribed by the House of Assembly relate to the development of the town. of a State; x. Control and regulation of out-door advertising Other traditional councils also exist within the and hoarding, movement and keeping of pets Planning Area, namely Masifa, Isundunrin, Ola and of all descriptions, shops, kiosks, restaurants, Ife-Odan, among others. These councils also consist of bakeries, laundries and licensing, regulation and High Chiefs and Princes who assist the royal fathers in control of sale of liquor; the daily administration of the town. xi. Provision and maintenance of primary, adult and vocational education Local Government Administration xii. Development of agriculture and natural resources Ejigbo Local Government was created on 1st April other than the exploitation of materials 1973 through the Local Government Law (Cap 68) xiii. Provision and maintenance of health services of the Western State Law of Nigeria. According to the 1999 Nigeria Constitution, the Local Govern- Source: Federal Republic of Nigeria (1999): ment Chairman and Councilors representing political 1999 Constitution of Nigeria wards are to be appointed through an electoral process. 27 However, the Local Government is currently headed by an Executive Secretary appointed by the State However, it is widely acknowledged that most Local Governor. Other political appointees who assist the Governments have not been able to deliver adequately Executive Secretary are the Deputy Executive Secretary on several of their assigned responsibilities. and the Scribe. The day-to-day administrative activities of the Local Government are coordinated by Head Resource mobilization of Local Government Administration (HLA), who Sources of revenue available to Local Governments reports to the Executive Secretary. fall broadly into two categories, namely internally and externally generated revenues. Local Government in Administratively, activities of Ejigbo Local Government the Planning Area depend primarily on revenues gener- are organized and executed through nine depart- ated through vehicle license fees (hackney permits), ments as obtainable in other LGAs in the state. These marriage registration, market levy, building permits are: Administration and General Purpose, Agricul- and statutory financial allocations from the federal and ture, Community Development, Finance, Planning state governments. and Budgeting, Primary Health Care (PHC), Town Planning and Land Services, Water Environment and Records of local government budget estimates for the Sanitation (WES) and Works Departments. Each of three years period (2010, 2011, and 2012)indicate these departments is headed by a Director who in most that the proportion of local government Internal cases is a professional career officer. The constitutional Generated Revenue (IGR) in the total income estimate responsibilities of the Local Government as entrenched for each year was very low (Figure ). Indeed, there is in the 1999 Constitution of Federal Republic of evidence that the local governments depend primarily Nigeria (Fourth Schedule, Section 7) are as follows: on Statutory Allocations from the Federal and State Government for the management of the city. i. Collection of rates; ii Establishment and maintenance of cemeteries, burial grounds and homes for the destitute or infirm; 28 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Development initiatives. embarked onexpandingthescopeoftheirCommunity the localgovernment administrationshave recently governments inthePlanning Area exists.However, no suchdocumentspellingoutthevisionsoflocal guiding thefocusandmanagementofcites.At present, statement hasbeenacknowledged asavitalstrategyfor andinclusiveThe adoptionofa vision well-articulated Performance andAccountability FIGURE3.2EstimateofEjigboLGAIncomeandExpenditure for2010-2012 could beenhancedintermsof activities is and Isoko.Monitoringevaluationofthe also ongoinginIlawo,Masifa,Isundinrin,Songbe of Garriprocessingmill.OtherCDAactivitiesare Odan, and Agbajeareasof the boreholedrilling projects. Some of the ongoing CDA projects are grants rangingfrom N60,000to100,000depending among othersthroughout theLGA. EachCDAreceives range on annually as Ejigbo provision, amongothers. soap making,tie Palm processing,skillacquisitionandtrainingin road andelectricityextensionwork,GarriOil Development. Most Department ofCommunityandSocial of came intoexistencebutbySeptember2013,atotal Community DevelopmentAssociations(CDAs) activities intheLGA inrecent years. In 2007,about75 There h UNICEF the State Government, theFederal Government, on the

294 various communitydevelopment projects, which from water, health,educationandsanitation extent oftheirprojects. Grants alsocomefrom the CDAshave LGA commitsthe as beenasignificantincrease incommunity CDAs , theEUandUNDPtofundcommunity 1,000,000,000 1,200,000,000 200,000,000 400,000,000 600,000,000 800,000,000 conducted by grants to had beenregisteredwith and Ejigbo municipality.AtIfe- the CDAswith 0 of theCDAs and installation in Holiness completed theconstruction dye, waterand the LGAthough 2010 sum ofN3millionnaira which are involved health care the process the LGA’s to embark CDAs’ 2011 in presented in Table 3.10. from theurbanprofiling ofurbangovernance are tunities andThreat (SWOT) Analysisofdatacollected the localgovernment The Strength, Weakness, Oppor- Provision thevision of ofpolicystatementarticulating 20,000youth volun two-y erment Scheme (O-YES). TheO-YESi r evolving s a ii. i. nance intheEjigbo Planning Area include: The criticaldevelopment issues relating tourban gover- Capacity building into the by commended World been has scheme the such, As tenden-c criminal and restiveness unemployment, economy, deployed and teaching from The to recently y en a eieae programme deliberate a being empower-m The enterprises. r Another notableinitiative by t effective and efficient coverage. personnel, equipment(mobility)andfundingformor espect tourbangovernance inthePlanning Area isthe outh empowerment empower the traditionalwesternsocialsecuritysystem. OYES volunteers are engaged in activities varying activities in engaged are volunteers OYES ear volunteer schemeintroduced in2010torecruit generation strategies;and, staff foreffective andefficientinternal revenue democratic electioneeringprocess; government level by thecitizens through a Training andre-training oflocalgovernment Appointment ofrepresentatives at the local public 2012 ak o icroaig h wr component work the incorporating for Bank erie te eod ac utmtl aimed ultimately batch second the recruited hratr to thereafter 80,000 s xetd o reduc to expected is aiain pbi wrs security, works, public sanitation, traffic teers across theState.scheme The o programme Osun YouthEmpow- r more volunteers in eight years. eight in volunteers more r managem oe raie productive organized more he State Government with n shm, pr from apart scheme, ent to nrie h State’s the energize n ad il be will and ent LG IGR Expenditure Income e youth ies. e TABLE 3.10 SWOT Analysis on Urban Governance

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS PRIORITY PROJECT Willingness of Inadequate funding of Scope for improving Over centralization Enact enabling Communities in the Local Governments. access to land through of power, roles and State planning laws, LGAs to participate in participatory planning resources at the policies and land governance. strategies. Federal and State use standards and levels, thereby limiting institutions for urban the performance of governance especially LGs. at the municipal/local government level. Existence of Inadequate staffing of Lack of funds and Establish and promote governance structures LGs, Zonal offices and poor participatory participatory planning at state, local and over-staffing of the planning, budgetary and budgeting. community levels. State Ministry. allocation and resource mobilization, monitoring and evaluation. High regards for Lack of understanding Federal and State Absence of effective Implement sensitization cultural norms and and non-adoption Governments’ new institutional and programme and traditional rulers. of elements of good initiatives aimed at policy frameworks promote adoption of urban governance, improving governance for governance at the values. such as transparency, and promote good Municipal and LGA accountability and governance at the .levels. citizens’ participation by L.G.As level. agencies. Over centralization of Lack of political Establish New decision making and will and continuity Institutional framework resources at state level. of policies and for implementing plan. Lack of data and poor programmes. Establish Programme record keeping. Corruption in Management Poor project government at all Committees (Policy and implementation and levels. Technical Committees) lack of continuity. as a way of ensuring Harmful traditional participation. norms discriminating Institute a new revenue against women. generation and Inadequate accounting system. 29 administrative Strengthening framework for urban institutional capacity for governance. promoting good urban High crime rates and governance. insecurity

3.2.4 GENDER Gender Policy is consulted as a guide to activities in the ministry. Treaty obligations under the Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Women Support programmes by the women’s agencies include (CEDAW) require countries to “take all appropriate promotion of safe and responsible motherhood and measures to eliminate discrimination against women in maternal health, elimination of all forms of harmful the political and public life of the country…” Nigeria social, traditional and cultural practices and promotion signed the treaty on the 23rd April 1984 and it was of gender equality. Various programmes are also being ratified on the 13th of June 1985. All states of the undertaken to enhance women’s access to resources at Federation are therefore obliged to respect the treaty. the Ministry of Women Affairs. To access some of these However CEDAW has not been domesticated in Osun opportunities, women are encouraged to form issue- but the Ministry of Women Affairs is collaborating on based groups. the Bill for domestication with the Ministry of Justice. At the Local government level, gender issues are To address gender issues in development, the State addressed by staff of the Departments of Health, Government of Osun established the State Ministry of Education and Social Welfare of the Local Govern- Women Affairs and Social Development, charged with ment Councils. These departments have focal persons coordination of programmes for women and children, for gender issues. as well as social issues in the state. The Department of Social Welfare has also established Women-focused Interaction with traditional authorities however departments in the local governments. The National revealed that the application of cultural beliefs rather 30 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE3.3Pupilenrollment inpublic primaryschoolsinEjigboLGAbygender the localgovernment level underthepresent dispensa- There are nofemalesamongpoliticalappointeesat (head ofthemarket women)andOtun Iyalode. forwomenarechieftaincy titlesreserved the as obtainsinatypical Yoruba culture. Other honorary men. However, there is the cantly lower numerical strength in the council than the decision makingprocesses, thoughtheyare ofsignifi andregulations, in with rules theyalsoparticipate town unions. Women therefore donotonlycomply including thelevel ofthe different levels ofgovernance withintheircommunities Women inEjigbo Planning Area are represented at Gender andGovernance central nature ofthecriminaladministrationsystem. women maysometimesbecompromised duetothe as effectiveness inhandlingcasesofviolenceagainst when reported, thecasesare nothandledwithdispatch violence againstwomenisnotusuallyreported and ofJusticethe Ministry to push thebill. Domestic of the Ministry Women Affairsiscollaboratingwith forms ofviolenceagainstwomenhasbeendraftedand ipation inpubliclife.ABill ontheprotection ofall than culture per se places a barrier on women’s- partic 10,000 15,000 20,000 5,000 0 2009/2010 Oba Iyalode lineage in Ejigbo inCouncilandthe 2010/2011 Iyaloja - primary schoollevel. primary is notdeprived ofaccesstoeducation especiallyatthe during the2010/2011session.Evidently, the girlchild the maleenrolment figures exceeded thatoffemales schoolwashigherthantheboys, while in primary 2011/2012 academicsessions,girlchildenrolment schoolsindicate that during2009/2010and primary State Government onpupilenrollment inpublic Availableof theirmalecounterparts. data from the school level, girl child enrolment is higher than that tion inEjigbo Planning Area. However, attheprimary Both malesandfemaleshave equalaccesstoeduca- Gender andEducation seby n nn o te he Senators three the of none representing theStateisfemale. State the and of Assembly members 26 the among Also, Representative. of House repre-senting members the among and woman a is state the Govern-ment Local 31 the of state the in Secretaries are the to Council Advisers Executive State women the of members more widelyinvolved ingovernance andsixofthe20 tion in Ejigbo. hl fv ec aog h 14 the among each five while 2012/2013 At the oenr n te 32 the and Governor

state are women. However, only one only However, women. are hr i ol oe female one only is there level, Executive Secretaries in Secretaries Executive however, hr i n female no is there h Sae n the in State the Female Male women are Permanent os of House Special FIGURE 3.4 Student enrollment in secondary schools in Ejigbo LGA by gender

8,000

7,000

6,000

5,000

4,000 Male 3,000 Female

2,000

1,000

0 2008/2009 2009/2010 2010/2011 2011/2012 2012/2013

The pattern of students’ enrollment in terms of gender students attending secondary schools in Ejigbo LGA at the secondary school level differs from what obtains was as high as the number of male students. This in the primary schools. Data from the State Ministry of implies that enrolment of females declines in Ejigbo Education, Science and Technology indicates that girl Planning Area after the primary school level. This child enrollment at secondary school is quite low when is because in many cases, female children become compared with that for males as, for the five consec- pregnant and drop out of school to give birth and take utive academic sessions (2008/2009 to 2012/2013), care of children. there was no period when the total number of female

Plate 12: Group of women engaged in palm oil processing in Ejigbo LGA 32 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project romote peaceandharmonyinhomes romote economicgrowth by empowering iv. reate asocietyfree from abuseagainstwomen iii. romote childwelfare anddevelopment ii. i. are, to: ministry women. Thefourdevelopment actionpillarsofthe include the provision of equipment and soft loans to capacity trainingandbuildingseminars.Others powerment ofwomenthrough advocacy, workshops, number ofpoliciesandstrategiestofightthenon-em forThe Ministry Women Affairshasdeveloped a Empowerment fairly low. of reported casesinvolving violenceagainstwomenis adjudication atthepalaceindicatethatnumber Statistics available tothepoliceandcasesbrought for Gender andViolence can develop forvarious purposes. cially independent is ableto purchase land which they As inmanyother Yoruba towns, awomanwhoisfinan allowed to inherit land from their parents or husbands. Women inEjigbo Planning Area, likethemen,are Gender andAccesstoLand bank loansforagriculture purposes. Area. However, womeninEjigbo donothave accessto roletural activities plays in an the important Planning manually, ofwomenindifferent participation agricul scale level andmostoftheoperationsare carriedout Although theseactivitiesare usuallyatthesmall of agriculturalproduce likepalmandcassava products. trading, theyare alsodeeplyinvolved intheprocessing Though Ejigbo womenare mostlyinvolved inpetty Gender andAgriculture very of Ministry state the at of issues on awareness Government Local women as well gender on National The low. Factorssuchas societies. women and children P P C P nsr i as wrig n ie ih the with line in working also is Ministry edr oiy o lc pirt focus priority place to Policy Gender antemn, qiy n eult, as equality, and equity mainstreaming, atcpto i pltc. n Ejigbo In politics. in participation oee, h lvl f women’s of level the however, gender, especially the policies the especially gender, Women Affairs still remains still Affairs Women - - - Area ispresented in Table3.11. and Threats (SWOT) Gender Issues in Ejigbo Planning Analysis oftheStrengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities rovision ofadequatehealthfacilitiesespecially romotion ofeducationalandenlightenment ii. i. Gender PriorityIssues programmes. pursuing post-graduatedegrees andotherrelated its environs, manyofwhomare inacademicset-ups Indeed, womenleadersare emergingfrom Ejigbo and no discriminationagainstwomeninschoolattendance. cleaning ofdrainage,watersupplyandothers.There is and disposal, human biological waste management, sanitation activitiesincludingwastecollection,storage Women are alsoactively involved intheenvironmental based organizations. also assistedthrough faithbasedandothercommunity women, widelyknown as“ and thedaily, weekly andmonthlycontributionsby inthedifferenttheir participation cooperative societies community development inEjigbo. Thisis reflected in play criticalandnotableroles inthepromotion of the informalsectoranddomesticactivitiesthey in immensely totheeconomythrough participation women. Despite theseconstraints,womencontribute access to social amenities constrain the advancement of sources of funding for projects, low capacity and poor ncreasing incentives forwomeninAgricul vii. rovision ofSocial Security forneedywidows rovision ofaccessiblepotablewatertoall. vi. v. nactment ofprotective lawsforwomenand iv. iii. chemicals. facilities, equipment,improved seedlingsand ture andtradethrough theprovision ofcredit programmes ingenderanddevelopment. this purpose. through theestablishmentofaspecialfundfor and female-headedhouseholdswhoare jobless government level thatisaccessibletothepeople. children andeffective implementation. emphasis onmaternityandchildhealthcare. other health with workers)special and drugs in theareas ofpersonnel(nurses,doctorsand P P I P P Establishment ofskillacquisitioncentres atlocal E

Ajo”. Thelessprivilegedare - TABLE 3.11 SWOT Analysis on Gender

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS PRIORITY PROJECT Existence of • Undue adherence to cultural Building on the • Resistance to • Adoption of pro- international laws norms which limit the inclusive approach change and poor approach to and commitments effectiveness of women in adopted for Osun continued land tenure (CEDAW) and National development SEEDS adherence Policy on Gender and to harmful Development traditional practices Existence of State • Lack of access to land and • Lack of funds • Promote gender and Local agencies finance for women to implement budgeting for promoting gender projects and issues programmes Adoption of State • Non-inclusive approach • Continuing • Capacity building of Osun poverty to land use planning and adherence to reduction strategy and budgeting male dominated promotion of gender in culture, tradition development and religion Existence of educated • Gender imbalance tilting • HIV/AIDS stigma • Resource women, women towards women in education and related mobilization for groups, community, and in governance negative attitude projects NGOS and CBOs • High child and maternal • Promote ‘girl contributing to mortality rates child’ education development • Non-existence of gender • Promote equitable disaggregated data distribution of • Lack of equitable distribution education, health of the available and and communal inadequate basic services facilities to ensure which inhibit easy access easy access for of women and children to women and school, water supply and children to these health facilities. facilities

3.2.5 HERITAGE Ogiyan traditional festival which is celebrated annually and attracts sons and daughters from within an outside 33 Heritage sites in the State are not often adequately Nigeria to the city. There is also the annual Egungun acknowledged as valuable resources in most cities, due festival as well as the Ogiyan shrine in Ejigbo and to a general failure to recognise cities as not simply the Ifa Oracle school in Masifa where Ifa priests are places where people live and work, but as legacies that trained. are visual expressions and symbols of culture, history and tradition. Consequently, the cultural wealth of At present, there are no major tourist sites have been cities, especially in developing countries, is frequently identified within the Planning Area, though several ignored, neglected or destroyed and historic architec- potential sites can be developed as tourist attractions, tural artefacts are often allowed to deteriorate beyond such as Iyada Shrine, Ola sprawling rock and the repair. Meanwhile, these elements are resources with four-headed palm tree in Ejigbo. There are also notable deep intrinsic value for the city as a whole, the popula- architectural structures like the Idi Ape Baptist Church, tion at large and for the well-being and sustainability of the Central Mosque and other churches and mosques. the entire community. Analysis of the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportuni- In Ejigbo, as is typical in all Yoruba cities, the Palace ties and Threats (SWOT) Heritage Issues in Ejigbo of the Ogiyan of Ejigbo land is a prominent heritage Planning Area is presented in Table 3.12. legacy in the city. Also of paramount importance is the 34 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ence foulodoremanatingfrom thesites.Designated close todesignatedopenwastedumpswhichexperi Air quality in the city is generallygoodexcept inareas lives are andproperty however notavailable. to residents ofthecity. inallpart Information onlossof systems inthecity, also poses adanger stormwaterrun-off adequate drainageprovision. Due toinadequatedrainage though itisalsoexperiencedinareas where there are Igbaga andOlufon are more prone toannualflooding close proximity tostreams suchasAlagbara,Alaje,Abieku, especially duringtherainyseason,andresidents livingin Flooding is a majorenvironmental problem inEjigbo, Flooding the market places,bankpremises amongothers. 7:00am and10:00amonThursday. This exercise covers and businesspremises operatorsbetween thehoursof weekly environmental sanitationexercise by commercial 7:00am and10:00am.Similarly, there isthecompulsory the lastSaturday monthbetween thehoursof ofevery enforces amonthlyenvironmental sanitationexercise on especially in the traditional residential area. The State and pollutionemanatingfrom poorwastemanagement residents of Ejigbo and environs are soil erosion, flooding The majorenvironmental problems confronting 3.2.6 ENVIRONMENT TABLE 3.12 cultural events to preservation of Community committed shrines etc.inEjigbo cultural interests and places ofhistoricand resources suchas Existence ofheritage culture andheritage policyon government Existence of STRENGTH SWOTANALYSIS onHeritageandHistoricSites heritage sites and maintenanceof Poor development WEAKNESSES Plate 13:OpenDumpArea (Aatan)LocatedbesideWater CourseonSabo-GalaRoad developing tourism Existing potentialfor OPPORTUNITIES - the Ogiyan market day. Lightnoisepollutionisalso movement daywiththeexception ofvehicle of every buses isnotcommonasthecityusuallywitnesslight Pollution from exhaustpipeofheavyvehicles and highcontentofpolythenematerialsiscommon. very tion whilethepracticeofburningheapsrefuse with wastes insidethedrainsalsocauseslandandairpollu open dumpsare locatedindiscriminately. Dumping of some degree inthesub-urbanresidential areas where residential areas of the city. Air pollution is also felt to open waste dumps are common in the traditional dumping onandalongwatercourseinsidedrains. disposal includeopendump(Plate 3.5),burningand vectors. Thepopularmethodsof other diseasecarrying storage materialsare accessibletoflies, rodents and to managewasteaggravated thepoorhabit. Waste absence oflocalgovernment authoritywhoissupposed sible forsanitationexercises in Yoruba landare bad.The methods ofwastestorageby womenwhoare respon disposal are poorlyexecuted intheEjigbo. The Solid and waste storage, collection, transportation Solid wastemanagement tisers ofotherproducts. worship andby traderslikemusicvendors andadver by mosques and churches to call their adherents to experienced from externalloudspeakersmounted Lack ofresources culture on modernization Effect of THREATS mobilization and ensure Resource Improve Capacitybuilding for tourism Promote theheritagesites improvement sites includelandscape conservation ofheritage Rehabilitation and PRIORITY PROJECT - - - It is also noticed that waste generated during the ments of Water and Sanitation, Town Planning and monthly environmental sanitation exercise and the Land Matters as well as Health with responsibility weekly cleaning exercise in market places are not for functions related to issues of the environment. In collected. Thus, the waste constitutes health hazard essence, there are overlaps in the oversight functions of and unsightly scene. In general, there is no discernible these departments at the local government level. system of solid waste management in Ejigbo and no evidence of legally acquired sites for waste disposal. At the local government level, which has constitutional responsibility for solid waste management, the Depart- Management of Human Biological Waste ment of Water and Sanitation is saddled with task of Most of the houses in the sub-urban residential area of solid managing waste generated in the city. However, towns within Ejigbo LGA are provided with water closet due to limitations in respect of the caliber of avail- toilet systems. Each building in this zone has its septic able staff (academic and professional qualifications tank and soak away pit. In the urban core residential and experience) and inadequate equipment, effective area however, a few houses still utilize pit latrines that management of waste is not achieved. Also, because are not lined, therefore giving room for soil pollution solid waste management is considered a social service, and contamination of underground water. Majority of no amount of money is recovered from service charges. residents in the core still defecate on open waste dump sites leading to a very serious environmental pollution Environmental management projects currently being and dangerous to public health. There is no central implemented in Ejigbo by the state government include: sewage system in Ejigbo. Similarly, bathrooms used by most residents in the core area of Ejigbo are separated i. Channelization of major streams/rivers to from the main building. In this case, a make shift prevent flood and the attendant loss of lives and bathroom is “built” separately from the dwelling unit. property; ii. Construction of 10kilometres length of road Soil erosion and environmental degradation with adequate drains to reduce flooding of the Soil erosion has been occurring progressively in areas urban environment. around Alaje and Igbaga in Ejigbo. The absence of adequate drainage channels has contributed significantly Environment Priority Issues to the erosion features visible in some parts of the town. i. Embarking on environmental education and enlightenment programme for residents of Institutional and legislative framework Ejigbo to correct poor environmental manage- The policies, legislative and institutional ment habits; 35 frameworks for environmental protection are well ii. Upgrading capacity of the Department of Water developed at the federal and state levels, but and Environmental Sanitation for improved unfortunately, fall short of expectations at the performance and acquisition of equipment for local government level where negative impacts are effective solid waste management; mostly felt. Regulation of environmental activities iii. Engagement by the Local Government with begins at the federal level with the Federal private sector participation in solid waste collec- Ministry of Environment and its parastatals while tion at the household level and recovery the relevant agencies at the state level include the stipulated costs from waste generators; Ministry of Housing and Environment (MHE), iv. Local Government to design waste storage Ministry of Lands, Physical Planning and Urban materials that will be accessible to residents; Development, Osun State Capital Development v. Re-introduction of sanitary/environmental Authority, Osun State Environmental inspectors by the Local Government; Protection Agency and O-CLEAN. vi. Adoption of modern best practices in solid With several agencies having different roles to play waste management and establishment of Waste in management of the environment, responses to Recycling Plant in Ejigbo; environmental issues are generally uncoordinated. vii. Enactment and enforcement of appropriate There is therefore a need for role clarification among environmental sanitation laws; the various agencies with responsibility for environ- viii. Establishment of Voluntary Community Action mental protection. In all cases, in order to address the Teams (VCAT) to act as environmental watch gross shortage of technical manpower and logistics dog in every neighborhood in Ejigbo; limitations, greater involvement of the private sector in ix. Enforcement of Environmental Impact Assess- environmental management will be encouraged. ment (EIA) and Town Planning Regulations; x. Involvement of communities and civil society At the state level, there are institutions whose areas organizations in waste management. of operation do not extend beyond the state capital territory. Hence, these institutions do not have power The analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportuni- to oversee the environmental issues in other cities. ties and Threats (SWOT) of environmental issues in Similarly, at the local government there are Depart- Ejigbo Planning Area are presented in Table3.13. 36 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 3.13SWOTAnalysisonEnvironment UN Habitat,EU, fostering partnershipswithdonoragenciessuchas through collaborationwiththeprivate efforts towardprovisionofbasicurbanservices The StateofOsunisalsomakingconcerted Nigerian Railways. also nationalagencies the State ministries/Parastatals are them both 3.2.7 use are sachetandbottledwater. Union) amongothers.Other sources ofwaterdomestic in Diaspora’ andInternational Donors (European ofpoliticians, ‘Ejigbossunk through theintervention domestic use.Most ofthewells and boreholes were wells (shallow, handdug)andborehole waterfortheir 2006. Residents have therefore depended largely on in thePlanning Area since theyear have remained dry Ejigbo-Ara/Ede road isnotfunctionalandwatertaps The State Mini Water scheme located at Odan on Water Supply Planning Education, WorksandTransport,Lands,Physical responsibility of A The stategovernmentofOsunhasseveral Institutional framework STRENGTH land useplanning environment and agencies for Existence ofstate ecological funds projects through environmental funding for Federal government gencies/

rural and have BASIC URBANSERVICES Ministries/Parastatals chargedwith and UrbanDevelopment,Sanitation Water Corporationamongothers.There overlapping Functions.The World BankandADB. providing basic urban WEAKNESSES • • • • • • • • • L.G.A departments inthe within thevarious state andLGAs between governments, Federal andState arrangements between institutional working Uncoordinated waste disposal dump sitesforsolid provision ofapproved coupled withnon- and liquidwastes Poor disposalofsolid of environmental issues Low publicawareness Lack ofequipment environmental issues Poor fundingof sector community andprivate partnership between Poor promotion of unqualified staff Inadequate and environment Poor urbanandsterile Environmental pollution like thePHCNand dwellers, though Ministries ofHealth, social services sector and agencies/ some OPPORTUNITIES • projects environmental implement develop and resources to Fund anddonor Access toEcological the to of (Plates 14and15). school students andsecondary cater forbothprimary tion of“Mega” schoolsinEjigbo andothercitiesto Government ofOsun hasembarked ontheconstruc in theLGA, 16are locatedwithinthecity. The State Figure schools of the28 public secondary 3.5. Likewise, the different classes(ECCDE-Primary 6)isdetailedin sessions respectively. Thedistributionof these pupilsin 2009/2010, 2010/2011and2011/2012academic schools in Ejigbotered during the in public primary A totalof16342,31306and18916pupilswere regis Ejigbo LGA, 14 of which are located within the city. By 2014,there schoolsin were 62publicprimary located atEjigbo. College ofAgriculture oftheOsun State University is institutions.Forschools totertiary instance,the andgrammar schools, primariessecondary range from nursery well-equipped kindergartens, educational facilitiesare available inEjigbo. These well-educated inthecountry. Alllevels ofNigerian ities are placingEjigbo andherindigenesamongthe The r Educational Facilities eadily available andaffordable educationalfacil THREATS • • • • Government level Government at theLocal Lack ofcapacity projects environmental resources for inadequate Lack of/ Lack ofresources disaster environmental for managing preparedness plan Lack of PRIORITY PROJECT • • • • • • governance environmental forum forimproved Establish localurban improvement urban landscape implement Develop and Agenda MDGs andHabitat goals ofSEEDS,LEEDS, Plan toachievethe Focusing theStructure for projects Resource mobilization management effective environmental Build theCapacityfor Ejigbo anditsenvirons. management planfor Implement solidwaste - - - FIGURE 3.5 Pupil enrolment in public schools from 2009/2010 to 2011/2012 session

7000

6000

5000

4000 2009/10 3000 2010/11 2000 2011/12

1000

0 ECCDE PRY1 PRY2 PRY3 PRY4 PRY5 PRY6

Plates 14-15: Ongoing construction work on model secondary schools in Ejigbo

Health Facilities There is one Comprehensive Health Centre in Ejigbo, There are a total of 42 health facilities in Ejigbo LGA, which is owned by the Local government. However, spread across 11political wards. Of these, 29 are owned medical personnel and drug supplies are in short supply by the state government; one is jointly owned by the at the Centre. Though a survey indicates that there are state and local government, while 28 are owned by the 11 private health care centres in the city, the conditions Local Government. Similarly, of the 42health facili- at these centres do not differ significantly in terms of ties, 19 are located in Ejigbo town. The field survey personnel and availability of drugs. Patients, including however indicated that there is inadequate personnel women and children therefore pay exorbitant hospital in the health centres. bills as they are unable to access the National Health Insurance Scheme. In situations where the people Responsibility for basic primary and secondary health cannot afford the bills, they resort to traditional health facilities lies concurrently with the State and Local care options. Governments. The state hospital has only three doctors who do not reside in Ejigbo and the hospital is there- Power and Energy fore run mainly by nurses. Other health care facilities Electricity supply to Ejigbo is from the national grid in the Planning Area are also in similar situations, through Osogbo step down station. Electricity supply hence subjecting women and children to financial in Ejigbo is erratic. It was learnt that the Ejigbo and and emotional stress thereby limiting access to formal Iwo (a town of 30km away) are on the same transmis- healthcare for many. sion lines. Therefore, a problem on power supply of Ejigbo would affect Iwo and vice versa. The PHCN is 38 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project at thecenteroftown. Theseare Ejigbo – Ede, Access intoEjigbo isby three majorroads thatconverge and theLocalGovernment roads. roads basedonownership are; theFederal, theState the accessroads, whilethethree recognized types of distributorsand, major classesofroads; theprimary ownership. With respect tocapacity, there are two two broad categories, in termsof either capacity or The road networks in Ejigbo canbeclassifiedunder 3.2.8 Urban are: Services the delivery, operationandmaintenanceofBasic Some ofthemajorcapacity building issuesregarding Capacity building mobilize adequatefundstoexecute urbanprojects. needs istobeaddressed toenablethelocalgovernments ities togeneratefundsisconsidered generallyweak and However, thecapacityoflocalgovernment author TABLE 3.14SWOTAnalysisBasicUrbanServices w capacityandabsenceoftrainingforprofes ii. i. rants, donationsandloansfrom development onthly federal allocation nternally generatedrevenue iii. ii. i. services: functions including the provision of basicurban following sources offunds to execute their major The Localgovernment authorities rely largelyonthe Resource mobilizationfor BUS over loaded,hencetheneedforelectricityshedding. cables andtransformers.Theavailable transformersare faced withmanpower aswell asinsufficient shortages STRENGTH and electricity water, sanitation,roads provision ofschool,health, Agencies existfor sanitation services of school,healthand private sectorinprovision community, NGOsand involvement of Existence oflimited sional staff in basic urban services sector sional staffinbasicurbanservices services local government level onprovision ofurban other decisionmakingbodiesatthestateand andprivate entities, partners Limited understandingamonglegislatorsand Lo G M I

TRANSPORTATION WEAKNESSES facilities infrastructural culture of Poor maintenance L.G.A facilities inEjigbo schools andhealth distribution of for andskewed Inadequate provision OPPORTUNITIES of basicservices imbalance intheprovision opportunity tocorrect provide anenormous The structure planwill and sanitation provision ofwater, health private partnershipinthe Promotion ofpublic- - - 3.14. is presentedprofiling in of urban basic services Table ties and Threats (SWOT) of data collected from the The analysis of Strengths, - Weaknesses, Opportuni exception ofthree motor parks owned by theLocal deplorable condition and in need of repairs. With the Ejigbo-Ogbomoso Roads. Most oftheroads are in Ejigbo-Ika Roads. Others are Osogbo, Sakasaka and Omowonuola, Alebiosu,Power Line-Ikeolu and Internally, themajorroads inEjigbo includeOba Ejigbo –Ola andEjigbo –Oko Roads. and ingoodcondition.Theseinclude Ejigbo – Masifa, sub-urban areas andothertowns toEjigbo are tarred the three mainroads,roads onlyafew linking the Ejigbo –Iwo andEjigbo –Ogbomoso Roads. Beside Major priorities rovision ofpubliccemeteriesinmajorcommu mbarking onthedevelopment ofstandard ix. rovision ofmore qualifiedteachersinpublic viii. vii. acomprehensivendertaking healthsector vi. idening ofnarrow roads intheurbancore v. rovision ofintra-urban mass transitsystemin iv. rovision ofregular electricitysupplyinmost iii. rovision ofpotablewaterinmostareas ofEjigbo ii. i. iii.

nities. libraries and private school environs forthepeopleofEjigbo andits health service reform foreffective, efficientandqualitative waste managementsystem Ejigbo anditsenvirons areas ofEjigbo town town sectors. services across the agenciesinvolved inthebasicurban P E P U Establishing anintegratedandefficientsolid W P P P Lack ofappr THREATS change Resistance to will Lack ofpolitical opriate support andinfrastructure opriate support PRIORITY PROJECT and sanitationfacilities schools, health,water Construct new and sanitationfacilities schools, health,water Rehabilitate existing - Government and located within Ejigbo town, there is system is the use of private vehicles and motorcycles no other legally designated park for boarding passen- (popularly referred to as “Okada”) for commercial gers or for loading and off-loading goods and services. transportation. The three designated motor parks are: However, improvements are required in the quality of a. Oba Oyeyode Oyesosin motor park, Iwo Road; available transport infrastructure and equipment while b. Ejigbo/Ede motor park, Ede Road; and there is need for training for operators of commercial c. Oko/Ogbomoso motor park, Ogbomoso Road. motorcycles in Ejigbo.

There are no Government owned public transport The Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threat services plying any of the routes in Ejigbo. Hence, the (SWOT) Analysis of data collected from the urban travelers in Ejigbo are depend on the services of private profiling of transportation are presented in Table 3.15. transporters. The major mode of intra-urban transport

TABLE 3.15 SWOT Analysis Transportation

STRENGTH WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS PRIORITY PROJECT Recent government Poor road networks, Existing road network Lack of resources • Redesign and rehabilitate commitment to inadequate design and system old roads upgrade basic construction standards • Design and construct new services and poor maintenance roads to high standards and ensure regular maintenance

3.2.9 URBAN SAFETY In 2009, the Nigeria Communications Commission (NCC) established an Emergency Call Centre in the Adequate security engenders peace and consequently state. The state of the art centre was fully equipped to growth, development and progress. The State Govern- operate functionally, including a giant generator and a ment has purchased more than 150 security vehicles huge fuel dump but it has now been abandoned. for patrol by the Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS) to monitor the security situation in the state. Crimes generally committed in the State of Osun 39 have been generally categorized into three broad Recently, the state government purchased a helicopter types (Badiora 2012).These comprise offences against for SARS for security surveillance and people now feel persons; offenses against property; and other offenses safer than in previous years when security was compro- not in Group A and or Group B (Table 3.16).Crimes mised and the safety of lives and properties was not committed in the Planning Area also cut across these guaranteed. three broad groups.

TABLE 3.16 Categories of crimes committed in the State of Osun

CATEGORY DESCRIPTION A Offences against persons Murder, Manslaughter, Attempted murder, Suicide, Attempted suicide, Grievous harm and wounding, Assault, Child stealing, Slave dealing, Rape and indecent assault, Kidnapping and Unnatural offences. B Offences against Armed robbery, Demanding with menace, Thefts and other stealing, Burglary, Store properties breaking, obtaining by false pretense, Cheating, Forgery, Receiving stolen property, Unlawful possession and Arson C Other offenses not in A Forgery of currency notes, Coining offence, Gambling, Breach of public peace, Perjury, and or B Bribery and Corruption and Escaping from lawful custody.

Source: Badiora (2012) 40 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project embark onhumanandmaterialcapacitybuildingas tive allocationto bill.Theagency receives budgetary Osun SEMAwasestablishedthrough a statelegisla Deputy Governor. nated undertheleadershipofoffice State operators. Theday-to-dayactivityofSEMAiscoordi Organizations (FBOs) and organized private sector Community Based Organizations (CBOs), Faith Based agencies, non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), include government and ministries,departments other relevant stakeholders.Other majorstakeholders embarking onrelief response incollaborationwith prevention, mitigation,buildingpreparedness and Manager with a mandate to embark on emergency Management Agency(SEMA)headedby aGeneral The State of Osun has a vibrant State Emergency 3.2.10 tively andefficiently. security operatives tocombatcriminalactivities effec laptop computersandGSMphonestoenablethe ment and facilities, such as Police patrol vans, desktop/ which canbeaddressed by provision ofrelevant equip However, there are alsoanumberofsecuritychallenges security forbothlives inEjigbo. andproperties groups has beenabletoprovide areasonable degree of in each neighborhood. The combination of these three hunters, whoare financed by thelandlords’ association local securityinitiative ismainlymadeupoftraditional financed andequipped by thelocalgovernment. The citizens and thepolice,whilevigilantegroups are groups operate as collaboration between concerned vigilante groups andthelocalinitiatives. Thevigilante grouped into three categories.Theseare thepolice, The security system/apparatus in Institutional set-up relatedwell asland fraudanddrug offenses. are cheating,receiving stolenproperty, gambling,as thefts and other forms of stealing and burglary. Others attempted murder, rape,kidnapping,armedrobbery, The mostcommonamongthesecrimesare hooliganism, DISASTER RISKREDUCTION Ejigbo could be - - - - both naturalandhumaninduceddisasterspromote In order toappropriately address theadverse impactsof LGAs. acrossrelief the communities of the interventions allocationsandotherspecialfundsformajor budgetary annually by theCommitteefrom LocalGovernment delegated authority. About Government ChairmanortheDeputy Chairmanby committee operatesundertheleadershipofLocal and Civil Defense Corps (NSCDC) among others. The Road Safety Commission (FRSC), Nigerian Security Works, Environment, Health, Red Cross, Federal of comprises Socialthe Departments Development, The Local Emergency Management Committee and windstorms. prevailing situationaftersuchemergenciesasflooding aresupport usuallyreceived afterdueassessmentofthe (NEMA) attheFederal level. Such relief materialsand from the National Emergency Management Agency committee alsoreceives relief materialsandsupport in thetwoLGAs withinthePlanning Area. Thelocal to address localemergencyissueshasbeenestablished Local Emergency Management Committee(LEMC) the 30LGAs ofthestate.Similarly, acomplementary storms, fire and other devastating incidences across duringflooding,wind well asemergency intervention and traditionalinstitutionsamongothers. sion jingles),communitydevelopment associations programmes through themassmedia(radioandtelevi tree-planting exercises aswell aspublicawareness by theState Government are implementationof Other disasterprevention activitiesembarked upon wereproperties saved through thisproactive step. andseveralflood-free lives statesacross and the country in theyear 2012,theState ofOsun wasoneofthefew Hence,Agency (NIMET). during theextensive rainfall warning signalsissuedby theNigerian Meteorological across the state has been carried out in response to early involving thedredging ofstreams, rivers andcanals Ejigbo andenvirons, againstdisasters, a project the resilience ofurbanareas intheState, including N 5 millionisreceived - 04

URBAN FORMS AND ALTERNATIVE GROWTH PATTERNS FOR EJIGBO PLANNING AREA 42 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project reducing over time.Thismakes planningandefficient daily. Thismeanstheamountof landperheadis settlement isfixed. However, populationisgrowing The amountoflandavailable toanycountry, cityor Density 4.1.1 travel demand. confusion andunnecessary land useplanningontheotherhandbrings day toactivitiesinthatcity. Lackofadequate efficiency, intermsof outof movement andcarrying is properly integratedwithlanduse.Thisbringsabout by the community. In addition public transportation are locatedwhereservices theycanbeeasily accessed as markets andretail shops,schoolsandothersocial vein, usesthatrequire great accesstofunctionsuch while incompatibleusesare separated.In thesame land uses are groupedand complementary together settlement. With adequateplanning,compatible determine issuesofefficiencyandfunctioninthat agencies. Thewaythelandusesare arrangedwill based ondecisionsofindividuals,organisationsand Functional landuse local, regional, nationaloreven global. turing anddistributionwhoselinkagesmaybe Yet othersare productive activitiesrelating tomanufac andleisure),sports orspecialneedssuchashealthcare. are institutionalandirregular, shapedby lifestyle(e.g. predictable, such ascommuting and shopping.Others activities, becausetheyoccurregularly andare thus a spatialimprint.Some landuseformsare routine locations and are ofactivitysystems which have part and distribution.Thesefunctionstakeplaceatspecific tude offunctions,suchasproduction, consumption economic, socialorculturalactivitiesimplyamulti eral areas have lower levels ofaccumulation.Most corresponding land uses, such as retail, while periph areas have ahighlevel ofspatialaccumulationand relates toarea oflandbuilt.For instance,central 2009). Theformer relates tolocation,whilethelatter and concentrationofthevarious landuses(Rodrigue, of spatialaccumulation where activitiesare takingplace.Thesecondisthe First isthe Essentially, urbanformisafunctionoftwoelements. PLANNING URBAN FORMSANDLANDUSE 4.1 The CaseforMore Compact Settlements nature oflanduse,which considerations in any city are , which indicates the intensity relates toplaces chaos level and - - - adjacent toexistingcities.Most citieshave landthat this bysub-centres locatingcompactnew withinor burden Cityplannerscanavoid ontransportation. for urban development and at the same time place will onlysucceedintakinggoodagriculturalland in sprawling,extensive andlow densitydevelopment cities to grow. Allowing developments new to grow Cities authorities have choices on how they want their Compactness ture percapitaonurbaninfrastructure. development ofhigherdensitiestominimize expendi arable land millionsofsquaretime andpreserve kilometres of conditions over tripdistances,save travel time,shorten community facilities.Thiswillensure bettertransit public spaces,schools,hospitals,placesofworshipand A higherdensityallows more peopletolive closerto road, electricity, telephone,waterandseweragesystems. costofphysicalinfrastructure suchas the construction lines.This reduces by thesame lengthofpublicservice the layout willbe,becausemore peoplewillbeserved area.certain Thehigherthedensity, themore efficient by urbanizationina or lessnumbersofpeopleserved its density. Density inanurbancontextmeansmore about is to use land more intensely, increase otherwise future generationsinevitable.One waytobringthis use of land resources for the benefit of present and 2 1 before areas openingothernew inthe urban periphery. ofthecity be consolidatedinexistingdeveloped parts case basis.Asmuchaspossibledevelopment would forinnercityredevelopmentopportunity onacaseby from the city centre. This programme presents the best Renewal Programme”, covering onekilometre radius State ofOsun are benefitting from comprehensive “O most residents’ dailycommute locations, while reducing to new and other services cantly decreases thecostofproviding transitutilities addition toprotecting arableland,thisstrategysignifi before drivingdevelopment todistantgreen fields. In need tofirstcreate incentives todevelop suchland, is no longer needed for its original purpose. Cities Ibid UN-HABITAT (2012)PlanningUrbanSettlementsin SouthSudan 1 . The Master planstrongly encouragesthe 2 . Many citiesinthe - - FIGURE 4.1 Illustration of the Diverse City concept and the Compact City concept

Existing DISPERSED CITY COMPACT CITY community 1. Rapid urban expansion 1. Filing the vacant neighborhood 2. Great land consumption and under-used land 3. Increase of services and within city limits infrastructure provision 2. Limited consump- cost tion of land 4. More difﬁcult and 3. Writing off and expensive administra- sharing facilities and tion services 5. Heightening of social 4. Easier and more segregation and cost-effective isolation administration

Shared facilities New neighborhood and services

4.1.2 URBAN FORMS FORM 2: THE POLYCENTRIC MODEL In the polycentric model there is no dominant city FORM 1: MONOCENTRIC MODEL centre. There are sub-centres, Jobs and amenities This model proposes a strong high density city centre distributed in a near uniform manner across the built with concentration of commercial activities, jobs and up area. There is therefore no organized pattern of amenities. This will demand daily movement of people movement. There is random movement of people from the periphery to the centre. Most Yoruba cities across the urban area. This model happens when demonstrate this urban form, with all streets radiating some villages close to each, especially located on a from the Oba’s palace and with markets and commer- major highway merge together but each has its distinct cial activities in front of the palace. This model will authority and identity. This model is not efficient and 43 require adjustments since most of the streets leading is not recommended. to the city centre are not wide enough to efficiently handle the traffic and transportation demands. There is also the need to provide employment closer to where FIGURE 4.3 Polycentric Model the people live to reduce unnecessary travels, pollution and traffic congestion.

FIGURE 4.2 Monocentric Model 44 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE4.4 tunities andachieve abalancedgrowth ofthecity. employment inareas presently deficientinjoboppor of multipleactivityareas. It wouldalsoencourage the existingCentralBusiness District andthegrowth This optionwould result inthesub centres supporting ised and movement of people across the urban area. with employment There opportunities. willbeorgan sub-centres. Thesesubcentres wouldbeself-supporting This modelhasadominantcentre andmultiple FORM 3:THECOMPOSITEMODEL CompositeModel - - enable thesmallersettlementsengulfed by urbanization This proposal wouldensure balanceddevelopment and activity sub-centres forexpandingtheurbanform. Business District, andthecreation ofseveral land rehabilitation oftheexistingurbancore, theCentral the plannedlanduseswouldbebased.It involves the Ejigbo. This isthe recommended model,upon which Form 3- ments inaccordance withourculturalheritagemakes The needtoplanmore efficientandbefittingsettle cultural activities. has astrong citycentre withcommercial, religious and slopes andvalleys containingmarshyland.Thetown bation. Thetown islocatedonadifficultterrain,steep outside the city would merge withit to form a conur a timewillcomewhenmanyvillagesandsettlements As thecityofEjigbo grows andexpandsitsboundaries, region, covers theentire Ejigbo localgovernment area. Ejigbo urbanarea, madeofthecityanditsimmediate EJIGBO PLANNINGAREA PREFERRED URBANFORMFOR 4.2 centre withsub-centres tobecreated. networks willbecarefully plannedtolinkthecore city keep theiridentityandspecializations. Transportation The Composite Model more appropriate for - - 05

STRUCTURE PLAN VISION, GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 46 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project efficient urbanand regionalplanninganddevelop which fosterssustainableeconomic growth, promotes a dynamicsystemofclearlydefined urbansettlements, Development Policy of Nigeria therefore, is ‘to promote for thecountry. Thegoalof the revised National Urban initiative is to achieve the national goals and objectives One ofthe implicit aims of any urban development abitat Agenda. Vision 20:2020and 5.1.1 sun Six-point Integral Action Plan viii. rban andRegional Planning Law1992 vii. vi. ational Urban Policy 2012 v.ational Housing Policy 2012 iv. iii. ii. i. following: next 20 years. The documents reviewed include the vision fordeveloping Ejigbo Planning Area duringthe documents andinitiatives towards comingupwiththe This chapter anumberofkeydevelopmentreviews ment. hinged onadoptingmissionsandvisionsofdevelop 2003 tillnow, manydevelopment initiatives have been and Development Strategies (LEEDS).Dating from Strategies known asLocalEconomic Empowerment Plans andShort andMedium Term Poverty Reduction formulation andadoptionoflong-rangeLandUse include opment asagoodpractice.Theseopportunities foradoptingstrategicvisioning of devel opportunities management ofurbanareas inNigeria whichcreate general development, especiallyfortheplanningand There are existinglegalandpolicyprovisions toguide ising theresources required fortheiraccomplishment. development initiatives, aswell aswork towards mobil- perspective ofgoodgovernance views andhuman able toagree onandtakebothbroad andlong-term of development, political leaders and the public are ments’ (UNDP1997; TUGI 2002).Through visioning measuretargets andbroadly acceptedperformance responsible forgovernance musthave ‘a vision,goals, itself. Hence, toeffectively managetheprocess, those governance ofurbanareas forsuccessisahugetaskin ment iscentraltoeffective planning. Managing the Strategic visioninginpromoting sustainabledevelop- VISIONING THEFUTURE CONTEXT OFTHESTRUCTUREPLAN: 5.1 The O Local E The U The Land-U The N The N The H

National UrbanDevelopment Policy 2012 conomic Empowerment Strategies se Act 1978 - - - - The keyobjectives toachieve thegoalsare asfollows: living andwell-being ofallNigerians’. ment, aswell asensures improved standard ofhealthy development. Part cities. oftheplansistobuildnew with State Governors inthearea ofenhancingurban Housing andUrban Development willwork closely The Government intendsthatthe of Federal Ministry ture anddisastermanagement. slum upgrading,includingtheprovision ofinfrastruc ment andaddressing theissuesofurban renewal and need formaintenance,proper planningoftheenviron ment and income generation. The policy stresses the to drive employsix geo-political zones in the country - establishment of skillacquisition centres ineachof the also help to build the capacity of thesector through the generation andwelfare ofthepeople,policywill growth andthegrowth ofGDPby drivingincome As housingoffersmore for economic opportunities system. mortgage a new withthegovernmentin partnership hencetheneedfor are houses expectedtosource forfundsandconstruct the modeofcontractorfinancing,inwhichcontractors regulator. In thisvein, policyis ahighpointofthenew government isexpectedtoconcentrateonitsrole asa the centralrole ofprivate sectorfinancing,whilethe sector, hadlacked.It whichthecountry emphasizes annually toaugmentinfrastructure development inthe ofonemillionhouses for allthrough theconstruction focused onachievingprovision ofadequatehouses approvedThis newly nationalhousingpolicyis able forpeopleintheinformalsector. their financialstatus,and,makeshousingloansavail ensures thatallNigerians have ashelterirrespective of housing forNigerians whereby citizen counts, every include the introduction of a social element of mass secure tenure.’ Highlights policytherefore ofthenew at affordablewith infrastructure cost and with services housing in healthy environments safe and sanitary ensure thatallNigerians own orhave accesstodecent, The goalofthe revised National Housing Policy is ‘to 5.1.2 nsuring thatalltiersofgovernment effectively romotion ofefficient urban development iii. ii. i. able forthem. regards to plan implementation and are account- outtheirfunctionsandresponsibilities with carry management andgoodgovernance regional plans,township plans,subject legislation includingmaster/structure plans, land use plans that are prescribed by the planning E P Adoption andimplementationoftherange

National HousingPolicy2012 - - - 5.1.3 Land Use Act (LUA) 1978 proposals from government agencies; second, by enforcing various development control mecha- The Land Use Act (No 6) of 1978 harmonises the nisms and orders against erring developers; and ownership and control of land in the country thereby third, by giving in-depth consideration to the providing a uniform legal basis for a comprehensive environmental implications of major devel- national land tenure system. opment proposals to prevent environmental degradation and decay. The purposes of the Land Use Act are: iii. To ensure effective control in such other special cases as wastelands, tree preservation, buildings i. To make investment in agriculture attractive by of special architectural and historical significance removing uncertainties in the control of land; and advertisement. ii. To curb speculation in urban land; iv. To spell out in an unmistakable terms, the iii. To make opportunities to access land generally powers of the planning authority with respect available to all Nigerians throughout the country to acquiring land for planning purposes and thereby bringing about mobility of resources, its resultant payment of compensation as well especially human resources; and as to further emphasise that the exercise of iv. To re-allocate rural land to large-scale farming. these powers by the planning authority shall be governed by the appropriate sections of the The major provisions of the Act are: Land-Use Act of 1978. v. To ensure that areas that need improvements i. All lands in a state are vested in the authority of of any kind are to be well attended to by the the Governor; planning authority working in co-operation with ii. Private ownership rights to urban land are the residents of such areas. limited to 0.5 hectares and rights are restricted vi. To ensure fairness, justice and equity to all, the for lease-holders for a term of years; Nigeria Urban and Regional Planning Law of 1992 iii. Rural land policy situates land for agricultural provides for the establishment of the Urban and purposes (except the exploitation of minerals) Regional Planning Tribunal in each State of the under the jurisdiction of local governments. Federation and the Federal Capital Territory Abuja. Local governments are to issue customary certifi- cate of occupancy rights; 5.1.5 OSEEDS and Local Economic iv. The Acts forbids the alienation of land (urban or Empowerment and Development rural) by sale, mortgage and assignment without Strategies (LEEDS) 47 the prior approval/consent of the Governor; and v. Permits the revocation of interest over land The Mission Statement of Osun SEEDS is to provide and payment of compensation for unexhausted an excellent, efficient and effective quality public service improvement. that will result in the growth and physical development of State of Osun as well as in improvement of the 5.1.4 Urban and Regional Planning welfare of its citizenry with a positive spill-over to other Law 1992 parts of Nigeria. This Vision Statement encapsulates the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) which the The Nigeria Urban and Regional Planning Decree No. Osun State Government has decided to pursue vigor- 88 of 1992 is the first post-colonial planning legisla- ously. The Plan succinctly addresses different sectorial tion adopted in the country. The general aim of the policy reforms and specifically recognises thateffective law is to facilitate preparation and implementation of management of towns and cities is vital to a nation’s development plans and planning schemes with a view growth and prosperity, which is becoming increas- to creating a better environment for living, working ingly complex due to migration trends. The need for and recreation. The specific objectives of the law are the preparation of a Regional Development Plan was as follows: therefore emphasized as important to the achievement of balanced and orderly development of the state by i. To identify types and levels of the various physical integrating socio-economic programmes with physical development plans, identify the procedures for planning. the preparation of these physical development plans and lastly identify the administrative bodies 5.1.6 Osun Six-point Integral Action that will be responsible for the execution of these Plan various physical development plans according to the tiers or levels of government in the country. The Six-Point Integral Action Plan was adopted by the ii. To ascribe greater emphasis to issues of develop- Rauf Aregbesola administration as the foundation of ment control, first, by creating a multi-disciplinary the initiatives and programs of the State government development control department with wider of Osun (www.osun.gov.ng). The Six-Point Integral powers of approving or rejecting development Action Plan is hinged on the following six actions: 48 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project include various sectors of development. These programmes toeradicatepovertyefforts and lackofprogress inthe six-point agendaasthebedrock oftheadministration’s Several programmes have beenderived from the as NEEDS,MDGs,andVision 20:2020amongothers. frameworks forHuman andSpatial Development, such subsisting nationalandinternationalprogrammes and The programmes are toalargeextentconsistentwith among others. waste disposaland,O’Schoolforschoolrehabilitation Reap conflict resolution, O’ Yes foryouth employment, O’ tion forenvironmental sanitation, Goal 2:Achieve Universal Primary Education; poverty tohalfby 2015. ment anddevelopment Strategy (SEEDS) istoreduce as emphasized instateofOsun economicempower- The principaldevelopment objective ofgovernment Goal 1:Eradicate Extreme Poverty andHunger; namely: The MDGsare fashionedaround eightmaingoals, 5.1.7 v. iv. iii. ii. i. ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ administration, peopleofOsunmustbeableto: more life all, engender require cut-ting, cross- and related are agenda the of elements The ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Create Workand Wealth. Communal Peace andProgress. Functional Education. Restore Healthy Living. Banish Hunger. Banish Poverty. for rural empowerment;for rural order to promote communal peace and harmony. people, visitorsandbusinessesinthestate functional education; unemployment; poverty; Enjoy peaceandharmonyforthebenefitof Easily accesshealthcare ser Have ajobtobeengagedwithasbanish Sustain adignifyinglifestylesoastobanish Easily feedthemselves soastobanishhunger;

combined efforts in their implementation. To implementation. their in efforts combined Millennium DevelopmentGoals (MDGs) O’ Renewal forslumupgrading, h dvlpet rms o ‘reo for ‘freedom of promise development the ec, h aheeet f hs actions these of achievement the hence, bnat a poie b the by promised as abundant” O’ Waste forsustainable vices soastopromote O’ Mediation for O’ Sanita- dimensions: The twobroad objectives are definedacross fourmajor i. 2. 1. Fundamental tothevisionare twobroad objectives: of sustainedandrapidsocio-economicdevelopment. Nigeria’s growth into a path andlaunching the country mation blueprintforalongtermplanstimulating The Nigerian Vision 20:2020isaneconomictransfor economies intheworldby the year 2020. on transformingNigeria into one ofthe20 leading development plan,the In 2009,Nigeria embarked onplanningalong-term .. NigeriaVision 5.1.8 ment incitiestoachieve sustainabledevelopment. in alltheMDGgoalsintopromoting spatialdevelop therefore,important that land use planning is integrated manifestation ofthepoverty facingallsocieties.It is can largelytracedtoslumareas, whichisthephysical the MDG goals if disaggregated spatially in urban areas sustainability, theUN-HABITAT hasarguedthatall Besides MDGGoal 7whichfocusesonenvironmental Goal 8:Develop for Development. aGlobal partnership sustainability by 2015ascontainedinGoal 7. is consistentwiththeattainmentofenvironmental atpreparingeffort structure plansfortheselectedcities pollution, road conditionamongothers. The present challenges inthisregard vizdeforestation, urban State ofOsun isconfronted withseveral major Goal 7:Ensure Environmental Sustainability; Goal 6:CombatHIV/AIDS,Malaria andotherdiseases; Goal 5:Improve maternalhealth; Goal 4:Reduce ChildMortality; Women; Goal 3:Promote Gender Equality andEmpower schooling primary and girlsalikewillbeabletocompletefullcourseof It istargetedthatby 2015,children boys everywhere tancy ofnotlessthan70years. system thatcatersforallandsustains alifeexpec are by an educational and supported health care a strong senseofnationalidentityand citizens nious and just society, citizen where has every development forallcitizens. achieve rapideconomicgrowth; and Social dimension: Translating growth achieved intoequitablesocial Optimizing humanandnaturalresources to Vision 20:2020whichfocuses aspecific,equitable,harmo- 20:2020 - - - ii. Economic dimension: a globally competitive economy that is resilient and diversified with a globally competitive manufacturing sector that 5.2 is highly integrated and contributes no less than THE VISION FOR NEW EJIGBO (2014- 25% to Gross Domestic Product. 2033) iii. Institutional dimension: a stable and functional democracy where the rights of the citizen to determine their leaders are guaranteed and adequate infrastructure exists to support friendly and The vision for the emerging Ejigbo Planning Area is globally competitive business environment; and, derived from the needs and aspirations of the people as iv. Environmental dimension: a level of environ- expressed during the city consultation and the review mental consciousness that enables and supports of the general local and international development sustainable management of the nation’s goals and initiatives as discussed earlier. The vision for God-given natural endowment to ensure their Ejigbo Structure Plan is therefore a composite of the preservation for the benefit of present and future reviewed agenda and could be summarized as: generation.

Thirty two thematic groups, including one on for “To develop Ejigbo as a dynamic, Urban and Rural Development, addressed the identified sectorial issues that formed the basis for the vision, resilient, livable and inclusive city goals and strategies of the blueprint. The Thematic Group on urban and rural development recognized the with strong social, economic, centrality of urban and rural development to achievement of economic growth and situated the critical human, and infrastructural base strategies to be adopted for the achievement of Vision 20:2020 in the context of two broad goals for the that will significantly contribute to sector, namely: employment generation, poverty Goal 1: To establish and promote good governance structures and capacity for developing and managing reduction and environmental dynamic, functional, healthy and safe human settlements systems at the three-tier government levels to sustainability” achieve socio-economic and technological growths in the country.

Goal 2: To improve the living and working environments of Nigerians to ensure their well-being, high 5.3 living standard, social emancipation and their contri- GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE butions to national economic growth. STRUCTURE PLAN 2014-2033

5.1.9 The Habitat Agenda

The second United Nations Conference on Human 5.3.1 Goal of the Structure Plan for Settlements (Habitat II 1996) addressed two themes Ejigbo Planning Area which were adopted as the basis for the Habitat Agenda. These are: ‘Adequate shelter for all’ and ‘promoting sustainable human settlement planning, “The overall Goal of the Structure development and management in a rapidly urbanizing world.’ The Agenda provides a practical roadmap to an Plan is “To significantly contribute urbanizing world, setting out approaches and strategies towards the achievement of sustainable development to achieving the goals of the State in urban areas. The agenda recognizes the imperative need to improve the quality of human settlements Government of Osun’s policies on which profoundly affects the daily lives and well-being of people. urban development and housing, its Six Point Integral Action Plan, the Millennium Development 50 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project d. c. b. a. Strategies: Ejigbo Planning Area. growth, jobcreation andsustainablelivelihood in 2015 through thepromotion ofrapidandeconomic respect topoverty eradicationbeyond thetargetyear To consolidatethegainsofMDGprogrammes with Objective: Structure Plan forEjigbo Planning Area are asfollows: The objectives and Strategies for implementation of the 5.3.2 6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1. To achieve this,itwill: Ejigbo as thewishesofpeoplein Goals andHabitatAgenda,aswell in theEjigboCityDeclaration”

related touseofland. work as a basisforalldecisionsandactions related touseofland. work asabasisforalldecisionsandactions serve asaframework forEjigboserve andenvirons. to arrangement ofpublicfacilitiesandservices and scenicresources inthecityanditsenvirons. Environmental development process. involved inallphasesofSocial, Economic and that insures forcitizens tobe theopportunity the Osun integrated Development agenda. Agenda, theMillennium Development goalsand and Development Strategy (LEEDS), Habitat such asEjigbo LocalEconomic Empowerment initiatives are adequatelyintegrateintheplan, shelter toallresident ofthecity. establishment ofmasstransitsystem forefficient market andindustrialdevelopment. business parks, international free trade zones for private sectoractivitiessuchasmechanic village, resources intheStructure Plan area land andprotect natural,historicandscenic goodagricultural and industrialuses,conserve Plan and develop a timely, orderly and efficient openspacesandprotect natural,historic Conserve Establish alanduseplanningandpolicyframe Develop acitizen involvement programme Ensure allsubsistingagendaprogrammes and Ensure adequateaccesstodecentandaffordable Carrying outroad improvementCarrying schemesand Allocation oflandtobothformalandinformal Allocation ofappropriate landforcommercial Establish alanduseplanningandpolicyframe

Objectives andStrategiesof Planning Area the Structure PlanforEjigbo PlanningAreaasarticulated - - Strategies Strategies: Planning Area A Objective 2. 1 Objectives c. b. a. d. c. b. a. b. a. Strategies: Area duringtheStructure Plan period: tion forbothmenandwomeninEjigbo Planning To contributetoachievinguniversal accesstoeduca- Objective . chieve environmental sustainabilityinEjigbo start-ups inEjigbostart-ups Planning Area sition centres aswell asincubatorsforbusiness a provision health care facilities; of tenure toland. ment andensuringbetteraccesssecurity approaches todevelopthrough participatory population considerations. and equitablespatialdistribution in linewith middle andseniorschoolsotherinstitutions healthy andsafelivingenvironment. air spaceandventilation towards achievinga control ofdevelopment inrelation toset-back, historic andculturalbuildings and landscapes Planning Area and rehabilitating andpreserving incompatible landuses waste managementmethodsandseparationof pollution by initiatinginternationallyacceptable the planperiod ities, housing and general environment during to water, sanitation,education,communalfacil- safe andhealthyenvironment lation, pollutioncontrol amongotherstoachieve buildings, roads, drainages,sanitation,aircircu accessible Ensuring citizens’ accessibilitytoimproved Promote genderequalityandempower women Rehabilitation andupgradingofexistingschools. landforvocational andskillsacqui Reserving Allocating appropriate land Enforcing planningstandards, enablinglawsand historicandheritage sitesinEjigbo Conserving Reduction intheincidencesofenvironmental Upgrading ofslumsthrough theimproved access Enforcing land use standards and control for Allocating lands for the provision of additional of provision the for lands Allocating Ejigbo aswell asitsenvirons. movement within ofpeople,goodsandservices d d ress h eitn iblne n elh facilities health in imbalance existing the facilities order in needs to according for elementary, to - - - 06

51 POPULATION GROWTH PROJECTIONS FOR EJIGBO PLANNING AREA (2014-2033) 52 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 6.1PopulationProjection forEjigboPlanningArea (2014-2033) a. tion oftheplanningarea isbasedincludethefollowing: The basic assumptions upon which population projec- 6.1.1 recreation, andtransportation. basicurbanservices tics, are afunctionofthedemandsforhousing,work, demographiccharacteris population andinparticular Thecurrent andanticipatedgrowthurban services. in other pursuits,movement andrequirements forbasic projected populationforwork, housing,recreation and future population,especiallyfocusingonneedsofthe for thePlanning Area have tofocusoncurrent and population are met.Essentially, landuseprojections planning toensure thattheneedsofgrowing Making future projections iscentraltoland use for otherlanduseactivities. population istherefore usedtoestimatetheprojections wholesale trade,are notgenerallyavailable. Data on wholesale etc.Data onanyofthesevariables, especially commercial usesdrawuponemployment trends in turing employment trends andfuture spaceneedsfor industrial and commercial uses are based on manufac- ment needs.Estimatesoffuture landrequirements for and estimates,whichare usedinscalinglanddevelop ment constitutekeyelementsinpopulationforecasts land development that occurs, while data on employ urban economydeterminestheamountandnature of patterns (i.e.LocalEconomic Development). The population trends, urbaneconomyandemployment future landuse.Thesefactorsincludeamongothers Several factorsare involved inmakingprojections for 6.1 FOR EJIGBOPLANNINGAREA POPULATION PROJECTIONS Total Female Male Year Male Year Female Total Planning Area through natural increase and That future gr

Basic AssumptionsforPopulation Projections 233,835 117,631 116,204 170,653 84,806 85,847 2024 2014 owth inthepopulationofEjigbo 241,318 121,395 119,923 176,113 87,519 88,594 2025 2015 249,040 125,280 123,760 181,749 90,320 91,429 2026 2016 257,009 129,288 127,721 187,565 93,210 94,355 2027 2017 265,234 133,426 131,808 193,567 - - - 96,193 97,374 2028 2018 f. e. d. c. b. course oftheStructure Plan period2014-2033. other physicalneedswouldhave tobeaddressed inthe This implies that additional infrastructure facilities and population projection figures presented in Table 6.1. desired future. Thisiscalculatedandbasedonthe comparing existingpatternsandthoseneededforthe 6.3. In general,projection ofland-useisbasedon are basedonthespacestandards asshown in Table for commercial use, residential use and other land-uses Based onthepopulationprojections, thelandrequired 6.1.2 273,721 137,695 136,026 100,490 199,761 99,271 standards aspresented in Table 6.3. tial andotherlandusesare basedonthespace which isexpressed asP growth rate(compound growth rate) method, annual area wascomputed using theobserved 2014. on the NPC 2006 census data earlier projected to adopted setofstandards andrequirements. tion isbasedonpopulationprojection andthe as water, education,electricity, solidwastecollec people tothecity. Planning Area willmostlikelyattractmore That theprojection ofbasicurbanser That land requir dev That new Pn =Po (1+r/100)n That thepopulationprojection fortheplanning y That thepopulationforstarting as theGrowth RatefortheState ofOsun. Growth Rateat3.2percent,whichisthesame tion hasestimatedtheNational Population Going by the2006Census,National Popula of 3.4%,given itspullfactorasaState capital. migration, willoccuronanannualgrowth rate 2029

2019 n =numberofyears r =annualgro Po =Population ofbaseyear; Where, P Projected PopulationFigures 282,480 142,102 140,378 102,448 103,706 206,154 2030 2020 n =Population inyear n. elopment envisagedinEjigbo ed forcommercial, residen 291,520 146,650 144,870 105,726 107,025 212,751 wth rate;and 2031 2021 n = P o (1+r) 300,848 151,342 149,506 109,109 110,450 219,559 2032 2022 n : ear isbased

vices such 310,476 156,185 154,291 112,601 113,984 226,585 2033 2023 - - - FIGURE 6.1 Population projection for Ejigbo Planning Area (2014 to 2033)

350,000

300,000

250,000

200,000

150,000

100,000

50,000

0 2006 2014 2016 2023 2033

The current housing backlog for the Ejigbo Planning Area is estimated on the basis of the Housing Charac- 6.2 teristics and Amenities data from the 2006 National LAND USE BUDGET FOR EJIGBO Population and Housing Census. The data indicating PLANNING AREA that a total of 2,067 persons did not have any rooms at all, is taken as the housing deficit for 2006. This, when projected to 2014 at the same population growth rate gives an estimated backlog of 2,659 persons for the The estimated land use budget required to cater for the take-off year 2014. needs of the estimated population has been estimated 53 at roughly 2,500 hectares of land to be developed around the existing settlements in the Planning area (Table 6.3).

TABLE 6.2 Population and Housing Shortfalls in Iwo Planning Area

Planning

Area LGAs Population LGAs (2006) Regular Households (Planning Area 2006) Total, Housing Shortfall (LGAs, 2006) Population Planning 2006) (Total, Area Housing Shortfall 2014 Planning Area (2006) Population Projected (2014) Total Population Projected (2018) Total Population Projected (2023) Total Population Projected (2033) Total EJIGBO Ejigbo 132,641 28,184 2067 132,641 2659 170,653 193,567 226,585 310,476 (2067) 54 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Planning Area are asprojected in Table 6.4. water supply requirements to meet demand for Ejigbo per day. On thebasisofthisestimate, projected be ofqualitythatrepresents atolerablelevel ofrisk, approximately 102.5litres ofwater, whichshould Hence, itisestimatedthatanindividualwouldrequire amount ofabout65litres. which might requireexclude laundry/bathing a higher hygiene needsisabout20litres. Theseestimates is required whiletherequirement forbasicfoodand situations however, aminimumof15litres ofwater activities in above average temperature. In emergency lactating womenwhoengageinmoderatephysical to meettherequirements ofmostpeople,especially 2003), aminimumof7.5litres waterperdayisrequired According tothe World Health Organisation (WHO 6.3.1 projections assumedintheprevious chapter. used to assess future infrastructure needs based on the data onarangeofvariables whichcouldpotentiallybe Projections forBasic Urban are Services basedonlocal SERVICES PROJECTIONS FORBASICURBAN 6.3 TABLE 6.3 Total additionallandrequired forfuture Development Waste transferanddisposalsites Circulation, Roadsandutilities Institutional use Commercial landuse Industrial development Space required forRecreation/organised openspaces Total landrequired forResidentialuse Current backlogofHousinginthetown Number ofHouseholdsat6personsperhousehold Additional populationtoplanfor Projected populationto2033 Population in2014 Water Supply LandUseBudgetfortheProjected Population(2014–2033) forms, concentration has beenonthe use ofelectricity; country’s potentialtogeneratethesedifferent energy such assolar, wind,hydro andbiomass.Despite the electricity, gas,kerosene and renewable energysources The different forms of energy available to Nigerians are 6.3.2 by 2033. increase from thepresent 322,534kW to586,800kW electricity demandinEjigbo Planning Area would presented in Table 6.4.It istherefore expectedthat on theprojected populationforeachyear. Thisisas this percapita,electricitydemandwasestimatedbased average Nigerian shouldconsume1.89kw/day. Using consumption of other countries it is assumed that an was estimatedas0.03kw. Consideringthepercapita lowest percapitaconsumptionofelectricity. This Nigeria, Egypt andSouth Africa),Nigeria hasthe world (USA,Cuba, UK,Ukraine, Iraq, South Korea, revealed thatamongninedifferent countriesofthe The accountof Okafor and Joe-Uzuegbu (2010) amongothers. cooking, ironing, entertainment itating householdactivitiessuchaslighting, washing, (Nigeria Energy Study Report, 2005).It isusedinfacil edged electricityastheirmostpreferred energyfrom dwellers/households. Indeed, Nigerians have acknowl is thecommonestformofenergyamongmanyurban though andoftentimeerraticepileptic.Electricity Electricity Supply Source: ComputedbyConsultants,2014. 1,442.4 Ha 139,823.0 310,477.0 170,654.0 2,494 Ha 453.3 Ha 185.4 Ha 185.4 Ha 164.8 Ha 23,303.8 20.6 Ha 41.9 Ha 2,659.0 - - TABLE 6.4 Basic Services Demand Projection for Ejigbo Planning Area (2014-2033)

Year Population Water (m3/day) Electricity (kw) Solid water (kg) 2014 170,653 17,491,933 322,534 22,185 2015 176,113 18,051,583 332,854 22,895 2016 181,749 18,629,273 343,506 23,627 2017 187,565 19,225,413 354,498 24,383 2018 193,567 19,840,618 365,842 25,164 2019 199,761 20,475,503 377,548 25,969 2020 206,154 21,130,785 389,631 26,800 2021 212,751 21,806,978 402,099 27,658 2022 219,559 22,504,798 414,967 28,543 2023 226,585 23,224,963 428,246 29,456 2024 233,835 23,968,088 441,948 30,399 2025 241,318 24,735,095 456,091 31,371 2026 249,040 25,526,600 470,686 32,375 2027 257,009 26,343,423 485,747 33,411 2028 265,234 27,186,485 501,292 34,480 2029 273,721 28,056,403 517,333 35,584 2030 282,480 28,954,200 533,887 36,722 2031 291,520 29,880,800 550,973 37,898 2032 300,848 30,836,920 568,603 39,110 2033 310,476 31,823,790 586,800 40,362 Source: Consultants estimates 56 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 07

57 STRUCTURE PLAN FOR EJIGBO PLANNING AREA (2014-2033) 58 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project FIGURE7.1 priorities identifiedundertheeleven themesas well as The Structure Plan therefore addresses thedifferent tion heldonthevarious issues. data as well as the priorities agreed at the city consulta actual needsofthepeopleasderived from theprofile proposals proffered inthissectionhave beenbasedon provides broad responses toaddress them.Thelanduse the peopleandfuture growth ofthecityand fies thecriticaldevelopment issuesof relevance to The Structure Plan for Ejigbo Planning Area identi PREAMBLE 7.1 LAND USEPROPOSALS LandUseProposal forEjigboPlanningArea - - proposed land usemapbelow. The detailedproposal forthelandusesisgiven inthe commercial, industrial,publicspaces,recreational etc. covers all the key categories of uses, such as residential, The Land Use proposals forthe Ejigbo Planning Area AND STANDARDS LAND USEPROPOSALS,STRATEGIES 7.2 use forEjigbo Planning Area isasshown inFigure 7.1. over thePlan periodof2014–2033.Theproposed land in linewiththeprojected needsforthePlanning Area their specificlanduse,policyandlegislative implications To achieve effective land use planning in rapidly The topography of Ejigbo will affect the direction of growing cities, UN HABITAT advocates a three- future growth of the town. As shown in Figure 7.2, pronged approach, involving: the major development constraints in the town are rivers and streams. There also hills in the northern a. Preventive planning – planning in advance; part of the town. In building a resilient community, b. Planning at the scale of the problems; and the flood plains of rivers and streams must be recog- c. Planning in phases, beginning with ensuring nized, respected and factored into the plans in order adequate physical access and basic urban services, to avert flood disasters as well as the need to protect especially water and sanitation. fragile ecosystems. Under these circumstances, the natural growth and extension areas for the town are in the north western parts towards Iwo and Awo Roads and the western part towards Oguro and Ife Roads.

FIGURE 7.2 Development Constraints of Ejigbo Planning Area

Orderly development will be achieved in the Ejigbo 7.2.1 SHELTER AND SLUMS Planning Area by locating land uses to complement each other and ensuring that land use and transporta- New Housing Development tion are properly coordinated and integrated. Land use New housing provision in Ejigbo Planning Area will planning and design under the Structure Plan is hinged focus on the development of residential layouts, sites on adopting integrated and participatory approaches and services schemes and construction of affordable to land use budgeting and relating this to the projected housing estates. The housing estates could be built population. It also entails advancing broad land use by the public (state or local government) and private development control measures for monitoring archi- sector or through well-structured public-private-part- tectural design and redesign, building development nerships (PPP). The structure plan has made proposals and redevelopment, as well as strict implementation and land available for new housing/residential devel- of the land use proposals as designed. The land use opment. While taking advantage of contiguity with proposals are guided by well-defined principles and existing residential areas, efforts are also made to steer identified priorities in line with the goals and objec- housing and other development activities away from tives of the plan. good agricultural and environmentally sensitive land.

As a design guideline, the new residential neighborhoods will consist of residential plots and other 60 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project to eachother. taken be should ways traditional residential new be would use Also, popula-tion. the etc. cater to spaces open residential organised schools, supply, roads anddrainage,convenient shopping, on-siteresidential infrastructure: pipedwater necessary ❚ ❚ ❚ Hence, thefollowing measures willbeadopted: range ofonekilometer-radiusfrom thecore of Ejigbo. implemented intheState ofOsun, whichcovers a Renewal programme (O’ Renewal) currently being The Structure Plan isconceived tobuildonthe Urban Urban Renewal ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ policy implicationsare asfollows: prevention ofslumsinEjigbo Planning Area andthe Strategies forpromoting housingdevelopment and ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ housing development, whichwillbeon thebasisof Enforcement ofPlanning Approvals for all new lighting andwhere applicable spotclearance. drainage channels,provision ofpotablewater, street roads amongothers,includingthewideningof Widening of Ejigbo-Oko, Ejigbo-Iwo, Ejigbo-Ede Odan andOla; core residential areas of Ejigbo to include Masifa, Ife Extension oftheslumupgradingplanbeyond the vate-Participation schemes,amongothers. electricity, wastemanagementunderPublic-Pri ipation intheprovision aswater, ofsuchservices Modalities tobedeveloped- forprivate sectorpartic control activitiesinEjigbo andenvirons; enlightenment andenforcement ofdevelopment developed toimprove implementationofpublic Capacity oflocalgovernment professionals tobe be removed; flooding andthoseinviolationof road setbacksto high-tension electricitycables,areas prone to Buildings incontravention areas suchasunder and atOla andMasifa; rehabilitate oldtraditionalfamilyhousesinEjigbo Households will be enlightened and encouraged to buyers;along withnew where suchdisplacedallotteeswouldbere-settled Structure Plan withinEjigbo andatOla andMasifa, their plots.New acquisitionsare proposed underthe Inisa Road, someallotteeshave beendisplacedfrom of theexistingresidential layout locatedonEjigbo- Due ofaMega totheconstruction Schoolonthesite for plots will be of different sizes and density and sizes different of be will plots the different needs of income groups of groups income of needs different the encouraged in the designs to make the make to designs the in encouraged areas livelier and in accordance to the to accordance in and livelier areas of life of the people. However, care However, people. the of life of not to locate incompatible uses next uses incompatible locate to not As a matter of policy, mixed land mixed policy, of matter a As - Ejigbo Planning Area, thefollowing are proposed: housing development. To achieve theabove goalin accessible, andtransferableataffordable pricesfor landwithsecure tenureserviced readily available, The goalofthe State of Osun landpolicyistomake Land forHousing ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ of urbanrenewal schemesundertheStructure Plan: following are imperatives forsuccessfulimplementation Going by lessonslearntfrom pastexperiences,the SupporttheproposaltoamendL ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ and relocation ofslumdwellers. clearance onlywhere inevitableandwiththeconsent In-situ upgradingofdegradedareas anduseofslum and appropriate landusestandards; and, Enforcement oftheNational Building Code,by-laws ments asopposedtoone-offinterventions; Implementation ofsustained,progressive develop- initiatives; erment through institutionalized communitydriven ownershipCommunity participation, andempow- Strong atalllevels ofgovernment; politicalsupport Develop andmaintainatitleinsurancesystem. and production ofcadastralandtownship maps; tions through theestablishmentoflandregistries Establish and keep proper records of land transac- efficient landadministrationandhousingdelivery; ible and geo-referenced land information system for of government to adoptarobust, dynamic, compat Strengthen andco-ordinate landregisters atalltiers Ensure securityoftenure; able price; Facilitate lands at afford the availability- of serviced land through effective physicalplanning; rural Effectively administertheuseofurbanand land information system toensure securityoftenure. tion and administration through a geo-referenced strengthening andco-ordination ofLandRegistra schemesand able pricethrough sitesandservices Facilitate theprovision landsat afford ofserviced tive physicalplanning; Judicious landthrough effec useofurbanandrural ment of the construction activities; ment oftheconstruction the provision priortocommence ofessentialservices andU se Act - - - - - ; 7.2.2 LOCAL ECONOMIC ❚❚ Adoption of appropriate zoning regulations to DEVELOPMENT support the establishment and operation of informal sector and small businesses, especially with respect to accessibility and transportation; The major economic activities within Ejigbo Planning Area are agriculture and commerce. For effective local ❚❚ Providing support to trade groups and associa- economic development in the area, the following tions in the Planning Area towards should be given adequate consideration: establishment of Cooperative Societies in addition to existing ones like Karowosaye Co- Commercial Land Use operative Society, as a means of affordable business All existing markets in Ejigbo Planning Area are to be and housing loans; rehabilitated and provided with modern sanitary facil- ❚❚ Establishment of institutional mechanism to better ities, car parking, loading and off-loading spaces in manage the existing and rehabilitated markets, addition to the following: ensure all traders are given stalls in the market and the phenomenon of street trading is done away with. ❚❚ Upgrading of market around Ogiyan’s palace and the Central Mosque in line with the O’ Renewal Town Centre Development programme; The redevelopment of the core areas of Ejigbo town centre is already underway through the on-going ❚❚ Allocation of land to private investors and or the local Osun O’ Renewal Project restoring the area within government for construction of planned markets, one kilometre radius of the Ogiyan’s Palace. This shopping malls and small businesses in strategic programme will be extended to other developed and locations in the Structure Plan Area; emerging outlying areas of the town as well as other settlements in the Planning Area. ❚❚ Revitalising economic activities through the adoption of mixed land use planning; Urban Agriculture Urban Agriculture plays a critical role in ensuring ❚❚ Designation of accessible locations around the food security, providing employment and reducing CBD for use by Commercial Banks to enhance the poverty. As a deliberate policy, urban agriculture is socio-economic activities in Ejigbo. to be integrated into the economic base of the city. Under the Structure Plan, the sites around rivers and Industrial Land Use streams in the Planning Area, especially the extensive 61 Being endowed with agricultural land, the Structure flood plain of River Opadere and its tributaries are to Plan for Ejigbo Planning Area will promote the devel- be designated for urban agriculture – vegetable farming opment of agro-based industrial activities through the and fish farming/aqua culture. Measures would be following: taken to improve collection of solid waste and the dumping of waste in water courses and rivers. Getting ❚❚ Designation of land in Ejigbo and environs for the the rivers and water courses cleaned will improve the various agricultural programmes in the O’REAP quality of the water and hence the small dams in the such as the O’ Cattle and the spin-off Agribusiness town can boost fish production. and Agro allied industries associated with them; The urban agriculture scheme is to be integrated with ❚❚ Designation of industrial layouts by Ejigbo LGA waste recycling, where biodegradable components of in Masifa, Ife Odan, Isundunrin, and Isoko the solid waste will be turned into compost for use on for small cottage industries that are involved in the farms. Fish and vegetable farmers are to be organ- palm oil processing, soap making and gari ised into cooperatives in order to benefit from modern processing techniques of production and management as well as ❚ Allocation of land for the establishment of silos better funding from micro finance institutions. and other forms of storage facilities for farm produce in the Planning Area. 7.2.3 ENVIRONMENT

Small Businesses The Natural Environment Small formal and informal businesses are the major ❚❚ Enforcement of land use standards with regards to pillar for local economic development in the city and percentage of land designated for functional open region. The Structure Plan proposes: spaces, parks and garden;

❚❚ Allocation of land for the development of informal ❚❚ Enforcement of development control regulations by sector small business in Ejigbo Planning Area at the local Planning Authority in Ejigbo; Ejigbo, Masifa, Ife Odan, Isundunrin, Isoko and other settlements; ❚❚ Implementation of public awareness programmes 62 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ the Structure Plan proposes the following: To improve the condition of the built environment, the builtenvironment ofEjigbo. existence ofdilapidatedbuildingsisamajorfeature in environment sanitationcondition.Furthermore, the houses inthecore area are withouttoiletsandinpoor several challenges.In Ejigbo, ofthe ahighproportion residentialand thenew developments) isbesetwith The builtenvironment in Ejigbo (the Residential core Built Environment through concrete proposals. above andothersare addressed inthis structure plan present atEjigbo. Eachoftheproblems mentioned problems thataffecturbanenvironmental qualityare as aresult ofheapsuncollectedsolidwaste.Allthese flood, fire disaster, crimeandfilthyurbanenvironment to their supply, unemployment, poverty, incessant inaddition inadequate housing,risingcostsofservices population growth, urbansprawl,decayinginnercity, problems. Theseincluderapidrateofurbanizationand inAfricaisfacedwithaplethoraof counterpart Environmental qualityofcitiesinNigeria likeits Environmental Quality control. buffer zones wouldbeprotected through development of trees. Similarly, areas designatedasforest and reserve with adequateequipmenttodiscourageillegalfelling LG levels wouldbeadequatelystaffedandprovided the LandsandForestry atboth State Departments and ofagriculturallandwhile alongside thepreservation Deforestation willbediscouragedinthePlanning Area Preservation ofAgricultural Land ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Area are toberehabilitated through aspecial All existingdilapidatedbuildings inthePlanning initiative. established by thelocalgovernments this tosupport tion of tree planting culture. Plant nurseries will be benefits of aconducive environment and cultiva - Adequate environmental education for residents on LGA; ment of Town PlanninginEjigbo andLandServices Capacity buildingfortheofficers from the Depart of Agriculture; by theStateestablishment ofatree nursery Ministry Promotion of tree planting by residents through healthy living;and environmental forconducive preservation and propagating theinherent advantages ofensuring • recreational spaces; to integratefunctionalopenspaces,parks and Land acquired foranyuseshouldbedesigned - ❚ ❚ gardens aswell asthefollowing: will identifyanddesignateopenspaces,parks and parks and gardens inEjigbo town. The Structure Plan There are limitedfunctionalorganisedopenspaces, Open Spaces,ParksandGardens ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ issues related toClimateChange: The Structure Plan proposes thefollowing toaddress of extreme weather disastersandrisks. (GHGs), lossofbiodiversity andincreased prevalence by flooding,increased production ofgreenhouse gases impacts ofClimateChange,whichare characterized The State of Osun isnot immunetotheadverse Climate ChangeandFlooding ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ will beprotected by legislation; Plots designated as openspaces,parks andgardens grounds; provided withopenspaces,parks andrecreational Ensure residential new neighborhoodsinEjigbo are environment. adequate equipmentforeffective monitoringofthe Sanitation willbedeveloped withtrainedstaffand Local Government of water and Departments enhance goodenvironmental quality;and, monthly environmental sanitation exercise to The State Government willstrictlyenforce the other facilities; possible toprovide theirhouseswithtoiletsand Households where willbeencouraged andsupported of GHGemissionsfrom citiesinthestate. modalities foreffective measurement andmonitoring Adoption by theState Government of Osun of amongothers; and, transportation day-to-day activitiessuchascooking,lightningand imbibing environment-friendly behaviorin Education andenlightenmentofresidents towards and theattendantconsequences; Development onmanagementofClimateChange of Environment and,Physical Planning andUrban Capacity buildingforofficersofthe Stateministries all proposed openspaces. with responsibility for developing and maintaining inthelocalgovernmentA department willbecharged open spaces,parks andgardens; and, andregulationscompliance withrules governing to educateresidents ontheinherent advantages of Public awareness programmes will beImplemented programme oftheState Government ofOsun; Pollution Control ❚❚ Exiting solid waste recovery and recycling in the ❚❚ Levels of pollution in Ejigbo Planning Area are town; relatively low. Among the prevalent types of pollution are: Noise pollution from use of outdoor public ❚❚ Establish, with the stakeholders, the preferred solid address equipment as well as surface and ground waste management methods from waste collection, water pollution through residential and commercial sorting, transportation, and disposal; activities. Industrial pollution is not prevalent in Ejigbo. ❚❚ Site selection for sanitary landfills for the town. The sites must be carefully chosen to ensure that sites ❚ The Structure Plan addresses pollution related issues would not contaminate ground water or nearby through: surface water bodies. Care should also be taken to ensure that the site would not present offensive • Adoption and enforcement of zoning regula- odours and insect nuisances to residents; and, tions to separate non-congruous activities; ❚❚ Exploring the use of the private sector in solid waste • Enforcement of the existing pollution control management through structured PPP arrangements. legislations especially with regards to noise and air pollution; and, 7.2.4 BASIC URBAN SERVICES

• Implementation of public education and Educational Facilities enlightenment programmes on use of environ- Given the projected population growth in Ejigbo mentally harmful biological waste and Planning Area over the Plan period, additional public chemicals in agriculture among others schools will be required in new development areas while some existing schools will require land for Solid Waste Management expansion. While the Structure Plan makes provision Air, land and water pollution in the Planning Area have for residential growth areas which incorporates land for been attributed to poor solid waste disposal, which educational institutions, subsequent District Plans will also contributes to the incidents of flooding. This is make adequate provision for establishment of public evident from the open dumps located along the major and private primary, junior and senior secondary streets, river banks and open spaces in the town. Due schools and other educational facilities. to limitations of available staff and equipment, Local Government Departments of Water and Sanitation Health Services 63 have not been able to provide effective solid waste The Baptist Medical Centre in Ejigbo is the largest management in Ejigbo and currently, the people have health care facility in the Planning Area. The Structure had to rely on the use of open dumps as there are no Plan proposes the construction of a General Hospital or properly constructed sanitary landfill sites. upgrade of the existing Comprehensive Health Centre at Popo Ward 2 to that status. New hospitals are also The structure plan calls for a change of approach as far proposed to be built in the Oremeji and Agbale Omole as solid waste management is concerned. Solid waste districts as well as adequately staffing of the existing is now seen as a resource, where recovery can take primary health care centres with doctors, nurses and place. This explains the preference for the term solid other paramedical staff. It is expected that houses will waste “management” as against solid waste “disposal”. be built to accommodate resident doctors and facilitate Contemporary practice evolves an “integrated” and prompt delivery of services as required from time to holistic approach in the management of municipal time. solid waste and entails the reduction of waste at the source, recycling and re-use of waste. Composting of Water Supply bio-degradable waste, incineration and landfilling are The water supply and distribution system in Ejigbo practiced to ensure getting value from waste as well as Planning Area is considered poor and inadequate. minimizing any environmental impact. Priority attention is to be given to the resuscitation of the state mini water scheme located It is strongly recommended that a sector study, on at Odan along Ejigbo – Ara – Ede road and water solid waste management in Ejigbo Planning Area, be pipes extended to new development areas. conducted to establish the following: Development partners, inter-national donors, Non- governmental organisations and private donors like ❚❚ The amount of waste generated in the town; the Ejigbo indigenes in Diaspora, would be encouraged to sink wells and bore holes to ❚❚ Characteristics of the waste content in terms of complement efforts of the state government. biodegradable and non-biodegradable, waste Public enlightenment campaigns on water and materials, moisture content, density etc.; sanitation would be initiated to emphasize issues of hygiene, water conservation and the protection of water courses from pollution. 64 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project Most majorRoads recreational parks. other and facilities to community accessible locations plan Structure for befitting is palace of need particularly Ejigbo the in facilities communal Most since theoperationofmotor-cycles isreckless and their educationare engagedinthisactivity. However, and school leavers who are unable to continue with for economic and security reasons as most young men cycles is considered a menace but has become inevitable motor cycles (Okada).Theunregulated useofmotor seven passengerseach( Planning Area are the mini buses with a capacity for modesin The mostlyusedpublictransport Ejigbo Multimodal Transport System accommodate thegrowing traffic links intheseareas willbeupgraded andwidenedto priate road hierarchy isproposed andtransportation micro industrialsiteshave beenspringingup, appro commercial developments like petrol-stations and and Ejigbo - Masifa roads, where residential new and opment polesinEjigbo, suchasEjigbo -Ola road I rehabilitated. and Omowonuoluwa drainage Ejigbo-Ilawo, adequate Isoko, with provided system. and widened Ejigbo-Iwo and roads that converge at the centre namely Ejigbo-Ede, Besides, thethreeimmediate intervention. major others are indeplorableconditionsandrequire uola, Alebiosu,Ikeolu andEjigbo-Ika roads among 7.2.5 Communal Facilities used infoodprocessing. boreholes among others. Solar could also be dryers range from solarpowered street lights,solarpowered ment electricityfrom thenationalgrid.Theusescould especially solar energy is recommended to comple- The use of non-grid energy sourcesrenewable electricity supplynationallyandinthePlanning Area. that theprivatization ofPHCN willimprove the and transformers problems. It is however envisaged constrained by manpower insufficientcables shortages, is inadequate.Theelectricitysupplyframework was Nigeria, theelectricitysupplyinEjigbo andenvirons ofthestateandindeedin station. Asinmostparts through the nationalgridfrom Osogbo stepdown Electricity supplytotheEjigbo Planning Area is Electricity supply n order toadequatelyintegratetheemergingdevel city hall are hall city

renovation or reconstruction. The Ogiyan’s The reconstruction. or renovation TRANSPORTATION jgoMsf, k-y, Orita Oke-Oyo, Ejigbo-Masifa, also in need of a facelift to make it more it make to facelift a of need in also the city and the traditional ruler. The ruler. traditional the and city the Ejigbo-Ogbomoso roads are tobe in eints prpit sts at sites appropriate designates in Ejigbo, notablyOba deplorable condition and are in are and condition deplorable Alake) andthecommercial Adegeebo d-r Bigs r t be to are Bridges Odo-Ori eiet fr s as use for residents social facilities like facilities social - S Omowon ecretariat, Court- - - - lanes andwidthsispresented inAppendix 3. in in urban areas follow the nomenclature as indicated speed, landtexture orgradientandcapacity. The roads the development ofahierarchy ofroads basedontypes, The Structure Plan for Ejigbo Planning Area advances Roads andDesignStandards Okada. asanalternative to couldserve mode oftransportation urban mobility, while introduction of tricycle as a aged toinvest inminibusestoimprove intraandinter reduce accidents. Private investors would be encour is proposed toeducatetheridersonsafetyandhow to unsafe inthePlanning Area regular capacitybuilding ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ activities inthePlanning Area include: R ❚ ❚ Localroads: Accessroads: ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ecommended projects to enhance transportation ecommended projects toenhancetransportation buildings town. network andthelocalroads. environs. Theyformthelinkbetween theprimary districts of the towns and the other towns in the within theresidential andtheprincipalbusiness District distributors:-theseroads distributetraffic distributors. linked totheprimary traffic movement to, from andwithinthe town are network forthetown asawhole.Thelongerdistance Primary distributors:-thisroads formtheprimary road signsandtrafficlightsonallhighways; Provide pedestrian walkways,trafficlane-markings, at appropriate locationsonallmajorroads; bus-bays, lay-byes and pedestrian crossings (Zebra) Provide bus-stops(passenger’s shelter/interface), systeminEjigbo Planningfor taxiservice Area; Encourage private sector-leddevelopment/initiative hotels, restaurants, barsandeateries; tions foroffices,shoppingplazas,churches, mosques, Establish and enforce parking standards and regula- collector streets andaccessroads. are to have definite hierarchy – distributor roads, detailed outattheimplementationstate.The roads Road Hierarchy residential innew areas tobe accommodate future trafficandurbanexpansion. outer ringroad, whichisalong-termproposal to which isregarded animmediatemeasure andthe ofRingRoads,Construction theinnerringroad within neighborhoodsandpar Buchman (Traffic in towns). The standard for road andplots Theroadsthatdistributetraffic Theseroadsgivedirectaccessto inthetowns. ticular sectorsinthe - ❚❚ Upgrade existing major traffic corridor on selected ❚❚ All streets in the city are to be provided with street streets in Ejigbo to 15 metres right of way to serve as lighting; second order road within the city; ❚❚ The local governments will continue to provide ❚❚ Integrate pedestrian, bicycle and transit facilities on financial assistance to vigilante groups and extend major multi-modal transportation corridors. their activities to currently unreached areas;

Safety of Pedestrians, Cyclists and ❚❚ Public awareness programmes on the need for Motorcyclists collaboration with the security agencies by reporting Safety standards will be enforced on commercial motor suspicious activities in their areas to the police, the cycle riders. Also, all major roads, particularly at the Oba in council or the vigilante groups will be imple- city centre, will be provided with pedestrian walk ways mented; and expanded where possible, while markings and road signs will delineate roadway centerlines, lane bound- ❚❚ The Nigerian Police will be supported through the aries, no passing zones, pavement edges, roadway provision of adequate and modern equipment. transitions, turning patterns, crosswalks etc. in central areas of the city to reduce conflict points at intersec- 7.2.8 DISASTER RISK REDUCTION tions and ultimately the number of accidents. Disaster risk reduction and management strategies are 7.2.6 HERITAGE, CULTURE AND yet to be adopted by Ejigbo LGA. Under the Structure TOURISM Plan, the State and LGAs will embark on participatory development of community emergency/preparedness Historic monuments in Ejigbo Planning area as well plans for Ejigbo Planning Area. In the light of this, it as architectural monuments and historic artifacts like is proposed that: the Ogiyan’s Palace and the various shrines, are to be preserved. In addition the “Orisa Ogiyan” festival ❚❚ The responsibility for Risk Reduction or Risk which is held at the beginning of the harvest of new Management (DRR/DRM) will be institutionalized yams, usually in the rainy season should be better in Ejigbo LGA through dedicated Departments in organised to boost tourism in the area. the LGA which will also re-establish the moribund multi-sectorial Emergency Management Commit- Efforts will also be channeled towards promoting tees; culture and tourism of the people by allotting land 65 to activities that support heritage and boost tourism ❚❚ Emergency action plans will be developed for all especially budget and boutique hotels that are decent communities in Ejigbo LGA while appropriate and affordable. Provision for these will be made in all funding and land will be set aside to develop a new district centres. functional emergency relief warehouse that will attend promptly to local emergency 7.2.7 URBAN SAFETY ❚❚ Participatory community emergency/preparedness Ejigbo, like other major towns in the State of Osun, is action plans will be developed for all communities in faced with a number of security challenges. However, Ejigbo LGA while appropriate funding and land will the Structure Plan proposes the following: be committed to developing a functional emergency relief warehouse that will attend promptly to local ❚❚ A comprehensive Street naming and house emergencies. numbering scheme is to be implemented to enhance identification of locations and conduct of security operations around the city; 66 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project 08

67 STRUCTURE PLAN IMPLEMENTATION FOR EJIGBO PLANNING AREA 68 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ Plan forEjigboare: imple-mentation effective achieve to basic some this, doing In influencing and making and Governments implemented policies the of organs State by directly either implementation, strategic planwithlegalbackingwillber PREAMBLE 8.1 ensur facilitate the of an effectivei mplementation framework t will hat The execution ofa Structure Plan requires theadoption ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ structure plan. structure forimplementationandmonitoringofthe Establishment ofamanagementbaseandregulatory micro-finance funds; based fundraisingprocedures, e.g.cooperative and Public Private Partnership (PPP) and Community Annual Budgets, Nongovernmental organizations, Resources maybedrawnfrom Government’s zation andimplementationoftheStructure Plan. offiscalpoliciesfor Articulation resources mobili in thedifferent thematicareas; process through generalandspecificcapacitybuilding uals thathave roles toplayintheimplementation Empowerment ofthevarious agenciesandindivid- reforms andinstitutionalframework required; Formulation of Policy and legal land use standard nance andHeritage; Local Economic Development, Urban Safety Gover- Slums, Environment, Gender, Basic Urban Services, to implementation of policies relating toShelter and approaches Adoption ofintegratedandparticipatory e thatitsstatedobjectives are achieved. Assuch,a G overnment or in partnership with others. The others. with partnership in or overnment otie i te tutr Pa wl be will Plan Structure the in contained harnessing ofallrequired resources to y h Sae oenet Local Government, State the by

raiain rsosbe for responsible organizations decisions affecting land use. land affecting decisions strategies to be considered be to strategies of the Structure the of equired forits - fore term beenclassifiedintoshort The proposed phases ofthe Structure Plan have there bility andpracticableimplementationoftheproposal. consideration has been givenimportance, for flexi- For effective phasingoftheplaninorder ofpriority out jointlyby technocratsand otherstakeholders. tion ofthedevelopment projects. Thisistobecarried strategies wouldbeadoptedtoensure effective execu review oftheStructure Plan anditsimplementation progressively over theperiod.Afive year periodic 20 years period2014-2033anditwillbeimplemented The planninghorizon for Ejigbo Structure Plan isthe 8.1.2 ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ will beputinplace: Ejigbo Structure Plan, thefollowing strategicmeasures In order toachieve theproposals containedinthe 8.1.1 2033) of Ejigbo Structure Plan isasshown in Table 8.1below. The proposed phasingschedule fortheimplementation in preparing theirannualdevelopment plans. medium term ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ isation oftheStructure Plan. in providing framework fortheactual- theregulatory Involvement ofgovernment agenciesandparastatals Strict complianceandenforcement ofregulations; infrastructure; in fundingandprovision ofbothphysicalandsocial Encouragement of Public Private Partnerships (PPP) development inaccordance withtheStructure Plan; Continuous monitoringandupdatingofthephysical schemes; Preparation of detailed land use plans and layout

scenarios. Thiswillassistgovernment agencies Phasing OfEjigboStructure Plan Strategic Implementationofthe Structure Plan (2019-2023) andlongterm (2014-2018) (2024- - - , TABLE 8.1 Phasing of Ejigbo Structure Plan (2014-2033)

Projects Short Term Medium Term Long Term (2014-2018) (2019-2023) (2024-2033) 1 POLICIES AND PLANS √ √ √ Establish a new administrative structure for urban governance √ including planning, resource mobilization and administration in State of Osun with clear roles for urban planning and management. Formulate and adopt the necessary legal, policy and land use √ standards and institutional frame-work for efficient administration of planning in the state. Formulate acquisition plan for designated land for various land √ √ √ use proposals including housing, commerce, industry, parks and gardens, recreational facilities, health and education facilities. Enforce planning standards and control development in relation √ √ √ to set-back, air-space and ventilation to promote a healthy and safe living environment Reconciliation of contiguous schemes by Ejigbo LGA for effective √ implementation Adoption of Affirmative Action and Domestication of CEDAW in √ State of Osun Formulate and adopt State of Osun Strategy for pro-poor access √ to land ownership Adopt and implement State of Osun Strategy for Funding √ √ √ Structure Plan and harness donors’ funds and DFIs for development. Adopt Strategy for Mainstreaming safety measures into urban √ design management. Capacity building for environmental health, town planning √ and land services departments in Ejigbo LGA for effective performance. 2 ACTION PLANS: SHELTER AND SLUMS 69 Adopt and implement Action plan for Redevelopment of the √ √ √ Ejigbo CBD Review and implementation of plans for existing residential √ √ schemes in Ejigbo Development of low cost housing scheme as well as sites and √ √ √ services scheme in Ejigbo Allocation of sites and development of private residential Layouts √ √ √ in Ejigbo Extension of Urban renewal programme to outlying settlements √ √ √ Adopt and implement Action plan for providing essential √ √ √ infrastructure and basic services in Approved Layouts Adopt and implement Landscape improvement plan for parks, √ √ Gardens, Recreational Facilities in Ejigbo Develop and implement system for street addressing, revenue √ √ √ generation in Ejigbo Establish Urban Observatory in Ejigbo Planning Area for data √ collection, monitoring and evaluation and review of Structure and disaggregation of data by gender LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Rehabilitation of all roads in Ejigbo Planning Area, notably Oke- √ √ √ Oyo, Ejigbo Market, Orita Court to Ika, Ejigbo to Isoko, Ilawo to Adegbeebo to Secretariat roads Rehabilitation of existing markets and provision of additional √ √ √ Modern Markets in Ejigbo and environs Provision of parking spaces in Markets and other public places in √ √ Ejigbo Planning Area Provision of new motor parks and rehabilitation of existing ones √ at Ejigbo and environs 70 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project from internationaldonorfundinginstitutions. tion withnon-governmental organisationsandsupport arrangements,collabora public-private-partnership programmes to encourage private investment through the implementation. These willinvolve adoption of for operationalandlogisticssupport able allnecessary activities. In addition,thegovernment istomakeavail government to accommodate the proposed phasing is tobemadeavailable intheyearly budgetofthestate Adequateof funds will beofvital importance. funding financing structure that would assist in the mobilization tation ofanyplanorproject, thedevelopment ofa In order toachieve effective andsmoothimplemen FINANCING OFSTRUCTUREPLAN RESOURCE MOBILISATION AND 8.2 Ejigbo PlanningArea Allocation oflandforAgro-Allied industriesdesignatedsitesin Construction ofmechanicvillageinEjigbo areas inEjigboPlanningArea Provision ofschools(PrimaryandSecondary)innewlydeveloped BASIC URBANSERVICES Ife OdanorInisa Allocation oflandforOsunO’BeefmarketsinMasifa,Isundunrin, Establishment ofYouth trainingandskillacquisitioncentres. infrastructure andbasicservicesinApproved Layouts Adopt andimplementActionplanforproviding essential Renovation andupgradingoftheStateHospitalinEjigbo light, street lightetc.). Federal, StateandLocalRoads(ROW, drains,markings,traffic Adopt andimplementTransportation improvement plansfor Construction ofpublicCemeteryinEjigbo settlements Rehabilitation ofRuralroad linkingEjigbowithadjoining Rehabilitation ofthestateminiwaterschemeatǪdan Establishment ofEjigboUrbanSecurityAssociation Provision ofpublictoiletsinspacesEjigbo Suburban ElectricitysupplyExtension Provision ofstreet lightsinEjigboandmajortowns Conservation ofEcologicalSites. Adopt andimplementActionplanforErosion Control and Demolition ofhousesonfloodplainsinEjigboandenvirons ENVIRONMENT Provision ofwastedisposalfacilitiesinEjigbo plan forEjigbowithidentificationofsanitarywastedisposalsites Adopt andimplementComprehensive SolidwasteManagement Enforcement ofsanitationandphysicalplanningregulations Dredging ofRiversAndStreams Channelsin EjigboPlanningArea - - - ❚ ❚ ❚ include mobilizationofresourcesfromthefollowing: from on 8.2.1 h sces f this of success The ❚ ❚ ❚ Partnerships, suchas: Ejigbo LocalGovernment The Government ofthe State of Osun • • • • • • appropriate funding and allocation of resources of allocation and funding appropriate Corporate organizationsandprivate Individuals International Donor Agencies Build Operate andOwn(BOO)arrangements Build Operate and Transfer (BOT) arrangements Public Private Partnerships (PPP) Donations oenet n piae ntaie. hs will This initiatives. private and government

Sour √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ ces ofFunding S rcue ln s anchored is Plan tructure √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 8.3 INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR STRUCTURE PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

Effective implementation of the Structure Plan requires an intergraded approach that will involve both the government and the other stakeholders. The establishment of a strong Institutional framework is therefore very important to achieving the designed objectives of the Structure Plan. Figure 8.1 shows the organization structure for the implementation of the Structure Plan.

FIGURE 8.1 Organisational Structure for Implementation of the Structure Plan

CHAIRMAN Governor of the State of Osun

STRUCTURE PLAN IMPLEMENTATION COMMITTEE

71 THE PROGRAMME FINANCE AND POLICY COMMITTEE (PF&PC)

THE CHIEF TECHNICAL ADVISER/PRO- GRAMME OFFICER

Monitoring and Evaluation

Enlightenment Operational Communication 72 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project ensure and coordinationeffective participation of all would doubleasProgramme officer, beappointedto It isproposed that aChief Technical Adviser, who Committee (PF&PC). be considered by theProgramme Finance andPolicy tation. It willalsoprovide annualbudgetestimatesto work plansandreview theprogramme forimplemen The basistoapprovePIC willmeetonaquarterly 1. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Membership willincludethefollowing: implementation process shouldbeputinplace. approach inthe will allow foraparticipatory both government andkeystakeholders,which Implementation Committee (PIC) comprising tation andmanagementoftheplan,aProject (PIC). For efficientandeffective implemen • Structure Plan Implementation Committee Two representatives ofthecommunity Urban renewal Agencyand Works andtransport Education Public health Community Development the LocalGovernment level: Directors from thefollowing at Departments ments intheStructure Plan Area A Chairmanfrom oneoftheLocalGovern Transport Education; Environment and Works and Ministries: Agriculture; Finance; Health; A Director from eachofthefollowing State The Director ofLands,MLPPUD The Surveyor General ofthe State The Director of Town Planning, MLPPUD The Permanent Secretary, MLPPUD (MLPPUD) Physical Planning andUrban Development Honourable Commissioner ofLands, be theChairmanofCommittee The Executive Governor of the State, who will F Town PlanningandLandServices inance, Budget andAdministration - - - Programme Officerwillinclude thefollowing: The responsibilities ofChief Technical Adviser/ The Chief Technical A of and project This c Structure PlanProject. be will Lands, 2. tion andtheorganized private Sector. Governments, CBOs,NGOs, thetraditionalinstitu relevant State Ministries of Local and departments h poet Te oorbe Commissioner Honourable The project. the • • • • • • • • • • following: the grassroots. Thiscommitteewillincludethe ofstakeholdersdownas well as thesupport to the executive and legislative arms of government the Structure Plan will require the input of both Committee (PF&PC):Theimplementationof • • • • The Programme Finance and Policy ommittee willapprove theannualbudgetfor Physical Planning and Urban Development Urban and Planning Physical tary The tothe Secretary State Government - Secre Governments Auditors Local General ofparticipating Auditor General oftheState Representative oftheHead ofService Commission Honourable CommissionerforHealth Honourable CommissionerforEnvironment Honourable CommissionerforFinance Physical Honourable CommissionerforLands, Assembly Chairman, Budget CommitteeoftheState Chairman, Local G Trans-port Honourable CommissionerforWorksand Honourable CommissionerforWomenAffairs Honourable CommissionerforJustice - The Deputy Governor ofthe State

Chairman utda ad vrl mngr f the of manager overall and custodian ie oiy ieto fr implementation for direction policy give Planning andUrbanDevelopment dviser/Programme Officer: overnment Service for - -

❚❚ Advisory, managerial and technical support to the Government Level. These authorities and offices are to MLPPUD, the Planning Permit Authority and the process plans for approval and monitor developments Urban Renewal Agency, in the state.

❚❚ Provision of work plans, ❚❚ Monitoring and evaluation of work done, 8.5 ❚❚ Preparation of quarterly and annual project reports, CAPACITY BUILDING

❚❚ Liaison with the Ministry and participating agencies to prepare all necessary documentation for the consideration of the PIC and PF&PC. Training and re-training of human resources is vital to the growth of any organization. Potentials of staff are to be fully harnessed for the successful implementation, enforcement and monitoring of the plan. 8.4 The capacities of the offices of state MLPPUD and PROCEDURE FOR PLANNING Plan Permit Authority are to be enhanced through APPROVAL AND DEVELOPMENT regular training. The PPO at the Local Government CONTROL Level and DPPO at the district level will need to be strengthened through provision of equipment and training of staff. This will ensure that applications for permit are processed and approved within a specified The department responsible for Plan Approval and time to facilitate development. The capacity needs have Development Control is the Planning Permit Authority been identified in various sections of this plan. Table (PPA) located in the State MLPPUD. The PPA would 8.2 below shows some of identified capacity building establish District Planning Permit Offices (DPPO) and preferences. Local Planning Permit Offices (LPPO) at the Local

73 TABLE 8.2 Capacity building activities (2014-2033)

Proposed capacity building programme Short Term Medium Term Long Term (2014-2018) (2019-2023) (2024-2033) Participatory approaches to urban planning management, √ √ √ transparency and accountability Gender in Developmental process √ √ √ Land tenure security for the land income √ √ √ Development process control, monitoring and Evaluation √ √ √ Application of GIS in land use Planning, information storage and √ √ √ retrieval and urban info management Creating awareness and developing the capacity of NGOs, FBOs, √ √ √ CBOs and CBAs that will assist people at the grassroots level to engage their LGs for effective governance. Workshops on Disaster Management, security issues, climate √ √ √ change, deforestation, pollution, flooding etc 74 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project multilateral institutionswouldbeexplored. non-governmental organizationsaswell asbilateraland State Government andcooperationof where necessary transparency. Technical wouldbesoughtby the support procedure mustbeguidedwithvigor, commitmentand Government andotherstakeholders.Implementation would involve thegeneralcooperationofState Sustainable implementationoftheStructure Plan IMPLEMENTATION SUSTAINABILITY OFPLAN 8.6 into it REVIEW OFSTRUCTUREPLAN MONITORING EVALUATION AND 8.7 et aie. h poet implementation review fromtimetotime. plan project for indicators The committee arises. ments whentheneedforsuchdevelopenvirons, particularly be expectedin of the monitoringscheduleandanannualreview quarterly the planfrom formonitoring,evaluation and reviewopportunities of toprovideemerging scenarios,itwouldbenecessary For may be necessary may benecessary the Structure the Structure performance of performance would time any Plan to time.It is Plan to input new to inputnew monitoring andreview exercise, b efrac, vlain and evaluation performance, the plan for Ejigbo Planning Area responsible to respond effectively to are recommended that plans andprojects o developing for adopted. Asmay

and a - APPENDIX 1

MINISTRY OF LANDS, PHYSICAL PLANNING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT

THE EJIGBO CITY CONSULTATION DECLARATION

ON PREPARATION OF STRUCTURE PLAN FOR EJIGBO AND ENVIRONS, STATE OF OSUN Held on Wednesday 18th July, 2013

We the indigenes, residents and stakeholders in the City of Ejigbo and environs, the State of Osun, comprising representatives of various groups in the city including traditional institutions, community development associations, women’s groups, trade associations, security agencies, youths, non-governmental organisations, the media and civil servants met to deliberate on several issues identified in the profile studies on the city, at the City Consul- tation held in Ejigbo on Wednesday 18th July, 2013.

After deliberating exhaustively on the issues raised in the City Profile studies towards determining the best path for the sustainable future development of Ejigbo and environs, we do hereby agree and state that we:

Note the historical antecedents of Ejigbo and its pivotal role in the promotion of social, cultural, economic and political development of the state and the nation;

Appreciate the collaboration between the State of Osun and the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN HABITAT), the selection of Ejigbo and environs for the Structure Plan Project and the participatory approach adopted for the exercise. In particular, the participants appreciated the opportunity for constructive engagement offered to all stakeholder groups towards contributing to the development of the city; 75

Acknowledge that the City Consultation featured elaborate technical presentations of key issues with participants divided into four syndicate groups for further in-depth discussions;

Agreed on several critical thematic issues and resolved as follows:

A. URBAN PLANNING, SHELTER AND SLUMS, LOCAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT:

❚❚ Commend the efforts of the State Government in carrying out the renewal of inner areas of the city through the O-Renewal programme and urge an extension of the programme to peri-urban areas around the town.

❚❚ Urge the State Government to expedite action on the final passage of the Urban and Regional Planning Bill for the State of Osun, to give legal muscle to the implementation of the adopted Structure Plans for the state.

❚❚ In line with the current efforts towards computerizing the Land Information System (O-LIS) in the state, stakeholders should be sensitized and empowered to register their Title Deeds to enable them reap the associated socio-economic benefits.

❚❚ Urge the State Government to adopt strategies to discourage land speculation to ensure land availability for Land Use Planning and orderly development of Ejigbo and environs.

❚❚ Urge the State Government of Osun to adopt necessary measures to ensure that plans and regulations for the orderly development of Ejigbo and environs are implemented and respected, including taking steps to:

• the provision of serviced plots, housing Government Residential Areas

• and associated infrastructure as well as the removal of illegal structures where necessary; 76 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project environs aswellpromotesafedisposalofwastesfromhospitals efforts andprovidesafesolidwastedisposalsitestomeettheneedsofgrowingpopulationEjigbo ❚ Commendtheeffortsatensuringregularrefusecollectionandurge ❚ ❚ D. URBANSERVICES, SAFETYANDTRANSPORTATION ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ C. GENDER,GOVERNANCEANDHERITAGE ❚ ❚ B. URBANENVIRONMENTANDINFRASTRUCTURE: ❚ CommendtheeffortsofState ❚ CommendtheeffortsofState ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ ❚ • • • • • • • • • • including decent education, health, water supply, parks and recreation for all areas of Ejigbo and environs etc., Urge theState Government towards accelerateitsefforts tofurther theprovision ofadequatebasicurbanservices, toall,especially children,care womenandtheelderly; services measures toimprove ofpotablewater, electricity supply, ofhealth provision anddelivery of educationalservices ofthe Commend theefforts State Government towards of thedelivery Basic notablythroughUrban Services, boosttourisminthetownheritage by upgradingallheritagesitestofurther Urge theState Government toexploitthe extensive tourismpotentials associated withthestate’s richcultural and Vigilante groups withadequate remuneration Urge theState Government toenhancesecurityinthetown by increasing thenumberofPolice stations,personnel Ensure theachievement ofaffirmative action inoccupationofleadershippositionsallsectors resources forwealth creation Urge the State Government to take appropriateimprove steps to further women’s and access to opportunities Urge theState Government to: channels urged toembark onthechannelizationofrivers inthecity andthereconstruction ofbroken down drainage Commend thestategovernment’s towards efforts combatingfloodingand erosion. However, Government is shrine State ofOsun; Empower Planning Agenciestoprevent buildingonfloodplains,steepslopes andwastesites Commence thedredging ofrivers toeliminatefloodingand related incidents; Facilitate accesstocredit by informalsectoroperatorsthrough innovative approaches Develop businessincubatorsfor Youths withinnovative businessideas. ofultra-modernmarket inEjigboCommence construction Encourage indigenesinDiaspora toinvest inestablishmentofindustriesEjigbo incollaborationwithgovernment Create Crop/Produce collectioncentres tomarkets tofacilitatetransportation Provide modernmarkets andrehabilitate existingonestofacilitatelocaleconomicgrowth inEjigbo andenvirons; Create incentives forprivate investments inagriculturalvalue-added Small andMedium ScaleEnterprises (SMEs) Facilitate accesstolandandpromote accesstosocialhousingforthepoor GovernmentindevelopingandHeritagesitesthetown,such astheOgiyan Governmentinenhancingthestatusofwomenandvulnerablegroups StateGovernmenttosustainthe including the following;

• Construction of a new hospital or Health Centres at Oremeji Boosa Area and Agbale Imole Area;

• Promote Public-Private Partnership in the provision and management of basic urban services and build the capacity of agencies and civil society organisations

• Because potable water is not available and public boreholes drilled are not functioning, Ejigbo requires a comprehensive water scheme that will cover the entire city

• Facilitate coordination of activities and build capacity among operatives of safety agencies to promote urban safety and risk reduction

❚❚ Commend the efforts of the State Government towards enhancing urban mobility, notably through the upgrading and rehabilitation of roads in Ejigbo and environs, the O-Renewal Programme and other schemes to promote an integrated and coordinated multi-nodal transportation in the town, including:

• Provision of street lights on almost all streets and construction of Mechanics Village

❚❚ Further urge the State Government to accelerate the repair of all urban roads, commence maintenance of Odo Omi Bridge to facilitate economic and social welfare of the State of Osun

We the undersigned, as representatives of all Stakeholders present at the Ejigbo City Consultation, pledge our full commitment and support to the implementation of this Declaration.

This is the Declaration of stakeholders at the Ejigbo City Consultation, this 18th day of July, 2013.

Signed by: iLocal Government Chairman : ………………………………………… Representative of Traditional rulers : ………………………………………… Representative of Ministry : ………………………………………… 77 Representative of Community Associations : ………………………………………… Representative of CSOs : ………………………………….…...... Representative of NGOs : ………………………………………… Representative of Women Groups : ………………………………………… Representative of Youths : ………………………………………… Representative of Trade Groups : ………………………………………… Representative of Religious Groups : ………………………………………… 78 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project SYNDICATE SESSIONS:SUMMARY OFOUTCOMES EJIGBO PLANNINGAREA:SUMMARY OFCRITICALISSUES APPENDIX 2: 1 GROUP 2 2 1 GROUP 1 Urban Environment ISSUES DISCUSSED URBAN ENVIRONMENTANDINFRASTRUCTURE Development Local Economic Physical Planning Shelter andSlums/ ISSUES DISCUSSED URBAN PLANNING,SHELTER ANDSLUMS,LOCALECONOMICDEVELOPMENT • • • • DECISIONS REACHED • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • DECISIONS REACHED maintained Drainage channelsshouldbeconstructedforallroads andadequately There isneedtoforprotection offorest landandtrees againstillegallumbering environment; shouldreturnHealthInspectionOfficersGovernment formonitoringofthe evacuated twotimesinaweekwithoutpayment; Refuse containersshouldbeprovided andcontents bythegovernment industries inEjigbocollaborationwithgovernment Indigenes inDiasporashouldbeencouragedtoinvestestablishmentof in improving accesstoloans shouldsupporttheestablishmentofCooperativeSocietytoassist Government NGOs Skill acquisitionCentres are required or andshouldbebuiltbygovernment roads; marketshouldbebuilttodiscouragetradingonthe A permanentultra-modern loans; shouldadoptschemestoempowertheyouthsintermsofbank Government transportation tomarkets There isneedforcreation ofCrop/Produce collectioncentres tofacilitate Farmers shouldbeassistedtoaccesssoftloansforagriculturalpurposes access toloans; Roads thatleadtofarmswillberehabilitated andfarmersassistedintermsof shouldinvestintheestablishmentofmechanizedfarms Government shouldsubsidizethecostoffertilizers Government There isneedtoensure thatgrantstofarmersare properly channeled and addressed Improper zoningofhousesandpoorqualityhousingconditionstobestopped There isneedforprovision amenitiestosupporthousingschemes ofmodern All developmentswithinroad andriversetbacksshouldbedemolished. work. areaGovernment seeknecessaryapproval sbefore commencingconstruction Regulations mustbeenforced toensure developerswithintheLocal other locations Owners ofdemolishedbuildingsshouldbeassistedtobuildreplacements in All dilapidatedbuildingswithinEjigbotownshouldbedemolished; owners ofhouseswithouttoiletsshouldbepenalised; Regulations mustbeenforced toensure everybuildinghasitsowntoiletand Residential Areas There isneedforprovision ofadditionalhousingschemesandGovernment 2 Inadequate • Most roads in the Ejigbo need rehabilitation; Infrastructure • Construction of culvert is required on major roads; • Government should dredge rivers within Ejigbo township;

GROUP 3 GENDER- GOVERNANCE-HERITAGE ISSUES DISCUSSED DECISIONS REACHED 1 Gender • Government should make land and loans available for women to enable them engage in farming activities; • Women should counsel their female children on the importance of acquiring education; • Parents should be counseled to adopt birth control and only have the number of children they will be able to cater for; • Child labor should be discouraged; • Government should empower female children and encourage adult education; • Women should be given opportunity to inherit their parents properties; • Government should adopt schemes to assist widows. • Early marriage and child labor should be discouraged • Adequate consideration should be given to women in terms of security • Counseling services should be provided to eliminate domestic violence against women • Families should be encouraged to permit inheritance of land by women 2 Governance • There is need for greater women participation in politics and governance. There 35% affirmative action should be ensured in respect of women representation in government offices; • Security of lives and properties should be given urgent attention; • There is need to increase the number of Police stations and personnel • There is need to increase the number of Vigilante guards and ensure adequate remuneration 3 Heritage and Historic • Government to improve and preserve on their historic monuments (Ogiyan Sites shrine). GROUP 4 BASIC URBAN SERVICES AND TRANSPORTATION ISSUES DISCUSSED DECISIONS REACHED 1 Basic Urban Services • There is no tertiary institution located in Ejigbo beside the Agriculture College (Education, health, of the University of Osun. Institutions like Polytechnics and College of Education water and energy) are required • The existing General Hospital is not operational. There is need for improvement 79 of standards in the hospital, employment of more resident Doctors and adequate supply of drugs to prevent hoarding; • There is need for construction of a new hospital or Health Centres at Oremeji Boosa Area and Agbale Imole Area; • There is need for provision of potable water; • Priority should be given to improving supply of electricity. There is need for improved electricity supply with provision of electricity poles, both in new developing sites and existing ones; • There is need for construction of ultra-modern market in Ejigbo; • Potable water is not available. The boreholes drilled are not functioning. Ejigbo requires a comprehensive water scheme that will cover the entire city 80 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 3 TABLE 2 TABLE 1 RECOMMENDED LANDUSEDESIGNSTANDARDS APPENDIX 3 Special density High density Medium density Low density Multiple-Family Dwellings High density Medium density Low density Semi-detached andRowhousing High density Medium density Low density Bungalow (detached) Types ofDwellings Industrial Public andsemi-publicuses(schools,clinics,worshippingplaces,cemeteries,etc.) Roads andstreets (right-of-way) Parks, playgrounds andotherorganizedopenspaces(recreation) Local/neighborhood commercial (market)area Residential (dwellingplots) Land Use Family size 12 10 8 6 4 FloorArea Requirements bySizesofFamilies RecommendedDensitiesforResidentialDevelopments NeighborhoodLandUseEstimates Minimum No.ofhabitablerooms 6 5 4 3 2 No ofdwellings per hectares 24 –more 20 –24 18 –20 16 –18 14 –16 12 –14 10 –12 8 –10 6 –8 4 –5 Gross Density Floor area insq.meter No ofpersons per hectares 200 –more 180 –299 160 –180 140 –160 40 –50 60 –70 50 –60 40 –50 60 –80 50 –60 minimum 95 82 65 50 40 No ofdwelling per hectares 40 –more 36 –40 32 –36 28 –32 24 –28 20 –24 16 –20 12 –16 8 –12 6 –8 Percentage ofDevelopedArea Floor area insq.meter Net Density desirable No ofpersons 120 100 per hectares 360 –more 85 70 50 320 –360 280 –320 240 –280 180 –240 160 –180 130 –160 100 –130 70 –100 60 –70 15 –20 15 –20 10 –12 50 –60 3 –4 7-10 TABLE 4 Recommended Minimum Plot Area for Different Types of Housing

Minimum plot in sq. meter Detache Semi-detached Types of Residential Development Housing Housing Row House Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and improvement of 240 160 120 sub-standard area Low-cost housing in urban areas 360 240 180 Normal housing development 500 333 250

TABLE 5 Recommended Maximum Plot Coverage

Maximum percentage plot coverage Semi-detached Types of Residential Development Detached Housing Housing Row House Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and improvement of 50 65 65 sub-standard areas Low-cost housing in urban area 50 60 65 Normal housing developments 40 50 60

TABLE 6 Minimum Set-Backs of Dwellings from Plot Lines

Minimum set-back in metres Types of Residential Development Front Side Rear Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and improvement of 3 3 3 sub-standard areas Low-cost housing 4.5 3 3 Normal housing development 6 3 3 81

TABLE 7 Minimum Distance between any Two Buildings, Back to Back

Types of Residential Development Minimum Distance in metres Rehabilitation of slum dwellers and improvement of sub-standard areas 4.5 Low-cost housing 6 Normal housing development 6

TABLE 8 Percentage Area Devoted to Commercial Development by Size of Town

Size of Town Population Commercial area as percentage of total developed area Small Below 50,000 2.0 – 3.0 Medium 50,000 – 250,000 3.0 – 4.5 Large Above 250,000 4.5 – 6.5

TABLE 9 Recommended land Allocation in a Commercial Area/Market

Land Use Percentage of Developed Area Shops/Stalls 30 – 40 Organized open spaces 15 – 20 Utilities, services and facilities 10 – 15 Streets, walks, parking lots etc. 15 – 20 Other uses 10 – 12 82 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 13 TABLE 12 TABLE 11 TABLE 10 TABLE 14 Other uses Roads, parkinglotetc. Utilities, servicesandfacilities Organized openspace Work sheds Land Use Banks Commercial Offices Large Small Department Stores Major Minor Market Type ofcommercial development Path (walk) Local Commercial Road Minor Commercial Road Major Commercial Road Type ofRoad Banks Commercial establishments Department stores Markets Convenience shops Types ofcommercial Development Access Street Collector Road Major Road Highway Types ofRoad RecommendedLanduseStandard inIndustrialArea/Estates NumberofParkingspacesperGross Hectare ofCommercial Development RecommendedWidthsofRoadsinCommercial Area RecommendedSet-BacksofCommercial Property Linesfrom Centre LinesofAbuttingStreets RecommendedSet-BacksforIndustrialProperty Linesfrom Centre-Lines ofRoads Major street Carriageway 15 –20 15 –20 12 –15 Minimum - - 12 15 18 24 12 15 3 9 Percentage ofDeveloped Area No. ofparkingspacesperhectare ofsitearea Set-backs inmetres Width inmetres Collector street 15 –20 12 –15 12 –15 12 -15 - 15 –20 20 –25 10 –15 50 –55 Set-back inmetres 5 –10 15 –25 30 –45 25 –30 30 –45 25 –30 25 –30 Right-of-way Desirable 15 18 21 30 18 22 24 6 Local street 9 –12 9 –12 - - - TABLE 15 Recommended Width of Carriageway in Industrial Area/Estates

Width of Carriageway in metres Types of Road Minimum Desirable Highway 15.0 18.0 Major Road 13.2 15.0 Collector Road 10.8 12.6 Access Street 9.0 10.8

TABLE 16 Set-Backs of Petrol Filling Bays from Centre-Lines of Abutting Roads

Types of abutting road Set-back in metre from the centre line of the road Outside City Limits Trunk ‘A’ Road 30 Trunk ‘B’ Road 25 Trunk ‘C’ Road 20 Within City Limits Major Road 30 Collector Road 21 Other Road 15

TABLE 17 Population to be served by each Type of Facility and Radius of Catchment Area

Types of health facilities Population to be served Radius of catchment area in Km. Central or State hospital Served the entire population of the state General hospital ½ million – 1 million 70 – 100 District hospital 100,000 – 150,000 30 – 40 83 Specialized hospital 150,000 – 300,000 40 – 60 Health centre 30,000 – 50,000 15 – 20 Maternity home 20,000 – 30,000 4 – 7 Dispensary 15,000 – 20,000 2 – 3 Health office 10,000 – 15,000 10 – 15

TABLE 18 Desirable Site Areas for Health Facilities

Site Area in Hectares Types of healthy facility Minimum Desirable Central or State hospital 40 50 General hospital 20 24 District hospital 6 10 Health centre 2.5 4 Maternity home 2 2.5 Dispensary 0.5 1 Health office 2.5 4 84 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 22 TABLE 21 TABLE 20 TABLE 19 Pedestrian walk Cycle Track Cul-de-sac Service Street Local Street Secondary road Major road Path (walk) close Lop (crescent) street, cull-de-sac(dead-end) street or Local residential street Collector street Major residential street Types ofStreet Fire Stations Small Towns Medium SizeTowns Large Towns Telephone Exchange Agency Sub-Post office Post office Central postoffice Post andTelegraph Services DesignStandard forElementsofVarious Types ofRoads RecommendedWidthsofStreets inResidentialAreas SpaceStandards forServices QuantityofPotableWater tobesuppliedaCommunityforVarious Purposes Commercial Domestic Industrial Purpose Total Civic carriage lanes Number of 3 ormore 2 –3 3 –4 1 1 2 2 Population tobeserved serve 25,000–50,000 More than750,000 One Fire Stationto 750,000 –50,000 25,000 –10,000 50,000 –25,000 Line per1,000 population Population carriage wayin 5 –10 1 –2 2 –3 10 ormore Width of 10 –13.2 1.8 –3.0 1.8 –2.4 7.2 –10 metres 7.2 7.2 Quantity ofwatertobesuppliedinlitres percapitalday Minimum Width inMetre Carriage-Way 114 12 14 16 72 Width ofright way inmetres 3.75 –50hectares perfire 20 ormore Site area inhectares 12 –16 16 –20 3 –4.5 12 12 12 15 0.18 –2.5 0.35 –5.0 3 8 9 0.65 –10 station 0.625 2.5 5.0 7.5 Minimum radius of verticalcurve in M. 30 45 60 75 Desirable 200 100 Right-of-Way 30% -331/2% 30% -331/2% 30% -331/2% 30% -331/2% Site coverage 20 50 30 30% -331/2% 30% -331/2% 25% -30% Minimum safe sight distance 15 18 24 30 6 in M. 130 65 65 90 TABLE 22 Number of Cars to be Parked along Curbs per Furlong at Different Angles of 1 Curb Parking on one Side

Angle of curb parking Number of car spaces per furlong Dimension (metre) of road 1800 (Parallel) 30 5 x 2.5 300 (Angle) 35 5 x 2.5 450 (Angle) 40 5 x 2.5 600 (Angle) 45 5 x 2.5 900 (Perpendicular) 50 5 x 2.5

TABLE 23 Minimum Dimensions for the Design of Parking facilities (Drive-in Layout)

Width of stall in Angle of isle Width of Isle in Depth of stall Width of stall Unit parking metres parking metres perpendicular to parallel to Isle in depth in metre Isles in metre metre 2.4 300 3.6 5.0 5.0 14.0 2.4 450 3.6 6.0 3.6 16.0 2.4 600 7.0 2.0 3.0 21.0 2.4 900 8.0 1.8 2.4 21.0 2.7 300 3.6 4.5 6.0 14 2.7 450 3.6 6.0 3.6 16 2.7 600 6.0 6.5 3.3 20 2.7 900 8.0 7.0 2.5 21

TABLE 24 Number of Car Parking Spaces

Types of development Number of car parking spaces 85 Residential Low density areas 6-8 Car spaces per gross hectare of residential development Medium density areas 8-12 Car spaces per gross hectare of residential development High density areas 12-16 Car spaces per gross hectare of residential development On an average two cars for each dwelling unit Shopping and commercial centres Regional 3 cars spaces per 10sq m of shopping and commercial frontage Major 2 cars spaces per 10sq m of shopping and commercial frontage Minor 1 car space per 10sq m of shopping and commercial frontage Shops 1 car space to every 10sq of gross floor space Industrial Premises 3 car spaces for every 60-100 sq. m of industrial floor space, or 1 car space to every 7-10 employees Administration Areas 4 car spaces for every 60-100 sq. m of administrative floor space; or 1 car space for every 30sq. m. of gross floor space Hotels 1 car parking space to every 5-8 bed rooms Hospitals 1 car parking space to every 4 to 5 beds Cinemas and Theatres 1 car parking space to every 15-20 seats Restaurants 1 car parking space to 10-15 seats Churches and Mosques 1 car parking space to 10-15 worshippers 86 Structure Plan For Ejigbo and Environs (2014 - 2033) State of Osun Structure Plans Project TABLE 25Standards forPlaygrounds TABLE 26Standards forSocio-Cultural ActivityAreas 100 visitor/patrons parking spacesper Number ofcar Site Coverage Site area inhectares areas inkm Radius ofservice facility served byaunit Population tobe Types ofGame Particulars Wicket Cricket Hockey Tennis Court Lawn Tennis Double Lawn Tennis Single Volley Ball Basket Ball Netball Football Rugby Polo Table Tennis Badminton Doubles Badminton Singles 10,000 -25,000 Community 30% -35% 0.5 -0.75 Centre 4 -6 1 -2 Game Area Dimensions Church/ Mosque 560 x100.0 14.0 x26.0 20m apart in metres 5,000 -15,000 126 x 5.1 x13.5 55.0 x92 10.8 x24 15.0 x24 45 x90.0 8 x288 18. 1.5 x2.7 8.0 x21 9.0 x18 6 x13.5 15 x30 25% -33% 0.5 -1.0 5 -8 1 -2 25,000 -50,000 Public Library 30% -35% 1.0 -2.0 0.5 -1 4 -6 Sides 10.0 1.8 2.5 2.5 3.0 2.5 1.2 1.8 1.8 9.0 50,000 -100,000 3 2 6 6 Clearance inmetres 30% -35% Museum 2.0 -4.0 1.11 -2 5 -8 50,000 -100,000 Cemetery Burial Ends 1.0 -3.0 ground 1.8 2.5 -5 15 20 ------3 3 3 5 6 9 6 3 6 3 3 5 -8

Unprecedented population and spatial growth experienced over the past half Century in the State of Osun, South West Nigeria, has resulted in various undesired conditions in its cities. These include haphazard and uncoordinated physical development, overcrowding and congestion within inner city neighborhoods, inadequate provision of infrastructure and services, as well as deteriorating social and environmental conditions, which make the cities generally unsustainable and unable to support the state’s development objectives anchored on its Six-Point Integral Action Plan.

The Osun Structure Plans Project was therefore initiated to address the challenges of unsustainable urbanization using the Rapid Urban Sector Profiling for Sustainability (RUSPS) methodology and also guide the development of the nine largest cities over the next 20 years, as a follow-up to the ongoing ‘O-Renewal’ regeneration programme for core areas in these cities.

The Structure Plan for Ejigbo and Environs seeks to build capacity and aid strategic decision-making with main focus on setting the broad structure for the direction of future growth of the city, taking account of topographical, environmental and socio-economic constraints and considerations; providing for the co-ordination of present and future commercial activities and public services as well as proposing a staged urban development strategy within growth corridors to maximize efficiency in the provision of key infrastructure and services.

HS Number: HS/048/15E ISBN Number (Series): 978-92-1-133396-1 ISBN Number (Volume): 978-92-1-132667-3

UNITED NATIONS HUMAN SETTLEMENTS PROGRAMME P.O.Box 30030,Nairobi 00100,Kenya; Tel: +254-20-7623120; [email protected]