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Men's Decathlon
2020 US Olympic Trials Statistics – Men’s Decathlon by K Ken Nakamura Summary: All time performance list at the Olympic Trials Performance Performer Score Name Pos Venue Year 1 1 9039 Ashton Eaton 1 Eugene 2012 2 2 8832 Bryan Clay 1 Eu gene 2008 3 3 8762 Dan O’Brien 1 Atlanta 1996 4 8750 Ashton Eaton 1 Eugene 2016 5 8660 Bryan Clay 1 Sacramento 2004 6 4 8649 Dave Johnson 1 New Orleans 1992 7 5 8636 Steve Fritz 2 Atlanta 1996 8 6 8546 Chris Huffins 3 Atlanta 1996 9 7 8542 Bruc e Jenner 1 Eugene 1976 10 8 8534 Trey Hardee 2 Eugene 2008 Margin of Victory Difference Winning Score Name Venue Year Max 774 7829 Bob Mathias Los Angele s 1952 656 9039 Ashton Eaton Eugene 2012 Min 0 7728 Dick Emberger Los Angeles 1964 4 8102 John Crist Los Angeles 1984 Best Marks for Places in the Olympic Trials Pos Score Name Venue Year 1 9039 Ashton Eaton Eugene 2012 8832 Bryan Clay Eugene 2008 2 8636 Steve Fritz Atlanta 1996 3 8546 Chris Huffins Atlanta 1996 4 8345 Kip Janvrin Atlanta 1996 Last five Olympic Trials Year First Score Second Score Third Score 2016 Ashton Eaton 8750 Jeremy Taiwo 8425 Zach Ziemek 8413 2012 Ashton Eaton 9039 Trey Hardee 8383 Gray Horn 7954 2008 Bryan Clay 8832 Trey Hardee 8534 Tom Pappas 8511 2004 Bryan Clay 8660 Tom Pappas 8517 Paul Terek 8312 2000 Tom Pappas 8467 Chris Huffins 8285 Kip Janvrin 8057 All time US List Performance Performer score Name Pos Venue DMY 1 1 9045 Ashton Eaton 1 Beijing 29 Aug 2015 2 9039 Asht on Eaton 1 Eugene 23 June 2012 3 8893 Ashton Eaton 1 Rio de Janeiro 18 Aug 201 6 4 2 8891 Dan O’Brien 1 Talence 5 Sept -
Event Winners
Meet History -- NCAA Division I Outdoor Championships Event Winners as of 6/17/2017 4:40:39 PM Men's 100m/100yd Dash 100 Meters 100 Meters 1992 Olapade ADENIKEN SR 22y 292d 10.09 (2.0) +0.09 2017 Christian COLEMAN JR 21y 95.7653 10.04 (-2.1) +0.08 UTEP {3} Austin, Texas Tennessee {6} Eugene, Ore. 1991 Frank FREDERICKS SR 23y 243d 10.03w (5.3) +0.00 2016 Jarrion LAWSON SR 22y 36.7652 10.22 (-2.3) +0.01 BYU Eugene, Ore. Arkansas Eugene, Ore. 1990 Leroy BURRELL SR 23y 102d 9.94w (2.2) +0.25 2015 Andre DE GRASSE JR 20y 215d 9.75w (2.7) +0.13 Houston {4} Durham, N.C. Southern California {8} Eugene, Ore. 1989 Raymond STEWART** SR 24y 78d 9.97w (2.4) +0.12 2014 Trayvon BROMELL FR 18y 339d 9.97 (1.8) +0.05 TCU {2} Provo, Utah Baylor WJR, AJR Eugene, Ore. 1988 Joe DELOACH JR 20y 366d 10.03 (0.4) +0.07 2013 Charles SILMON SR 21y 339d 9.89w (3.2) +0.02 Houston {3} Eugene, Ore. TCU {3} Eugene, Ore. 1987 Raymond STEWART SO 22y 80d 10.14 (0.8) +0.07 2012 Andrew RILEY SR 23y 276d 10.28 (-2.3) +0.00 TCU Baton Rouge, La. Illinois {5} Des Moines, Iowa 1986 Lee MCRAE SO 20y 136d 10.11 (1.4) +0.03 2011 Ngoni MAKUSHA SR 24y 92d 9.89 (1.3) +0.08 Pittsburgh Indianapolis, Ind. Florida State {3} Des Moines, Iowa 1985 Terry SCOTT JR 20y 344d 10.02w (2.9) +0.02 2010 Jeff DEMPS SO 20y 155d 9.96w (2.5) +0.13 Tennessee {3} Austin, Texas Florida {2} Eugene, Ore. -
Division I Men's Outdoor Track Championships Records Book
DIVISION I MEN’S OUTDOOR TRACK CHAMPIONSHIPS RECORDS BOOK 2020 Championship 2 History 2 All-Time Team Results 30 2020 CHAMPIONSHIP The 2020 championship was not contested due to the COVID-19 pandemic. HISTORY TEAM RESULTS (Note: No meet held in 1924.) †Indicates fraction of a point. *Unofficial champion. Year Champion Coach Points Runner-Up Points Host or Site 1921 Illinois Harry Gill 20¼ Notre Dame 16¾ Chicago 1922 California Walter Christie 28½ Penn St. 19½ Chicago 1923 Michigan Stephen Farrell 29½ Mississippi St. 16 Chicago 1925 *Stanford R.L. Templeton 31† Chicago 1926 *Southern California Dean Cromwell 27† Chicago 1927 *Illinois Harry Gill 35† Chicago 1928 Stanford R.L. Templeton 72 Ohio St. 31 Chicago 1929 Ohio St. Frank Castleman 50 Washington 42 Chicago 22 1930 Southern California Dean Cromwell 55 ⁄70 Washington 40 Chicago 1 1 1931 Southern California Dean Cromwell 77 ⁄7 Ohio St. 31 ⁄7 Chicago 1932 Indiana Billy Hayes 56 Ohio St. 49¾ Chicago 1933 LSU Bernie Moore 58 Southern California 54 Chicago 7 1934 Stanford R.L. Templeton 63 Southern California 54 ⁄20 Southern California 1935 Southern California Dean Cromwell 741/5 Ohio St. 401/5 California 1936 Southern California Dean Cromwell 103⅓ Ohio St. 73 Chicago 1937 Southern California Dean Cromwell 62 Stanford 50 California 1938 Southern California Dean Cromwell 67¾ Stanford 38 Minnesota 1939 Southern California Dean Cromwell 86 Stanford 44¾ Southern California 1940 Southern California Dean Cromwell 47 Stanford 28⅔ Minnesota 1941 Southern California Dean Cromwell 81½ Indiana 50 Stanford 1 1942 Southern California Dean Cromwell 85½ Ohio St. 44 ⁄5 Nebraska 1943 Southern California Dean Cromwell 46 California 39 Northwestern 1944 Illinois Leo Johnson 79 Notre Dame 43 Marquette 3 1945 Navy E.J. -
Jul/Aug 2013
I NTERNATIONAL J OURNAL OF H IGH -E NERGY P HYSICS CERNCOURIER WELCOME V OLUME 5 3 N UMBER 6 J ULY /A UGUST 2 0 1 3 CERN Courier – digital edition Welcome to the digital edition of the July/August 2013 issue of CERN Courier. This “double issue” provides plenty to read during what is for many people the holiday season. The feature articles illustrate well the breadth of modern IceCube brings particle physics – from the Standard Model, which is still being tested in the analysis of data from Fermilab’s Tevatron, to the tantalizing hints of news from the deep extraterrestrial neutrinos from the IceCube Observatory at the South Pole. A connection of a different kind between space and particle physics emerges in the interview with the astronaut who started his postgraduate life at CERN, while connections between particle physics and everyday life come into focus in the application of particle detectors to the diagnosis of breast cancer. And if this is not enough, take a look at Summer Bookshelf, with its selection of suggestions for more relaxed reading. To sign up to the new issue alert, please visit: http://cerncourier.com/cws/sign-up. To subscribe to the magazine, the e-mail new-issue alert, please visit: http://cerncourier.com/cws/how-to-subscribe. ISOLDE OUTREACH TEVATRON From new magic LHC tourist trail to the rarest of gets off to a LEGACY EDITOR: CHRISTINE SUTTON, CERN elements great start Results continue DIGITAL EDITION CREATED BY JESSE KARJALAINEN/IOP PUBLISHING, UK p6 p43 to excite p17 CERNCOURIER www. -
25 Top-Ten Decathlon
Last updated – 1. Nov. 2017 The Combined Events When an athlete has finished his Combined Event, he has achieved something special - it makes no difference if this was a Throwing Pentathlon, normal Pentathlon, Heptathlon (Women Masters) or the Kings event, the Decathlon. "King of the Athletes" or "King of the Stadium", this phrase holds in itself the Honour to all the athletes, who have accomplished a Repertoir of Performances during many hours, even in some cases during two days. Certainly, all Decathletes, which disposes of all the technical abilities and the physical body fitness, get a real feeling of satisfaction when they succesfully end their challenge. After all, they live in a 2 days "Non Stop Action". During that time they are challenged up to the highest limits, as well physically as mentally. Or you could say, they challenge themselves. But from a certain age, it is getting more difficult for athletes to live up to their own expectations. The older one gets, the more recent perform ances differ from past personal records. This is the basis to establish the Age Factors. They take into account the performance reduction due to old age, and bring these recent performances as an elderly up to the former regular standard performances that were accomplishedas a youngster. Requirements of the IAAF: I. If we carry out comparisons in the Combined Events, this must be guaranteed according to the specifications of the IAAF. Why we have them? The guidelines of the IAAF: a.) - The wind conditions at Sprint, hurdles, jump (wide and three) and more battles must be present - Without specifying any recognition of records. -
FRANCINE VAN HOVE 2009 Art 2009, Galerie De Bellefeuille, Montréal, QC 2005 FIGURA, Galerie De Bellefeuille, Montréal, QC
FRANCINE VAN HOVE 2009 Art 2009, Galerie de Bellefeuille, Montréal, QC 2005 FIGURA, Galerie de Bellefeuille, Montréal, QC 2000 Figure Humaine, Galerie de Bellefeuille, Montréal, Née/Born – 1942, Paris, France QC Vit et travaille – Paris, France Salon "Pavillion des Antiquaires et Beaux-Arts", Paris, France EDUCATION 1998 Art Chicago, Galerie Alain Blondel, IL, USA 1981-95 Foire Internationale d’Art Contemporain (FIAC), 1959-63 Lycée Claude Bernard, Paris - Cours de Paris, France préparation au professorat de dessin pour les 1994 Jardins d'été, Galerie Alain Blondel, Paris, France lycées et collèges / Courses in art education for 1993 Art Miami, Miami, FL, USA colleges 1990-94 Salon de Mars, Paris, France Linneart, Gand / Ghent EXPOSITIONS INDIVIDUELLES SÉLECTIONNÉES 1990 “Le pation en Septembre”, Mairie d’Anglet SELECTED SOLO EXHIBITIONS 1989 Linneart, Gand, Belgium 1989-90 Exposition France-Japon, Tokyo, Kyoto, Osaka, 2016 Francine Van Hove, Galerie de Bellefeuille, Japon Montreal, QC Hôtel de Ville d’Anglet, Anglet, France Galerie L’œil du Prince, Paris, France 1988 IGI 88, New York, NY, USA 2014 Lectures interrompues, Galerie Alain Blondel, Paris, Musée du Château de Lunéville, Lunéville, France France 2013 Galerie Alain Blondel, Paris, France 1986 Arte Fiera, Bologna, Italy 2011 Matins, Galerie Alain Blondel, Paris ICAF, Los Angeles, CA, USA 2010 Galerie de Bellefeuille, Montréal, QC Harcourts Contemporary Gallery, San Francisco, 2009 Des Livres et des lampes, Galerie Alain Blondel, CA, USA Paris, France 1985 Musée Paul Valéry, Sète, -
23.12.2011 7 Kg; 107 Cm; 2 Kg; 800 G 20110109 Campbelltown 1137 00 673 +25 1326 193 4946 1553 00 3397 460 5463 44563 1 Jarrod Si
23.12.2011 7 kg; 107 cm; 2 kg; 800 g 20110109 Campbelltown 1 Jarrod Sims 7215 1137 00 673 +25 132619349461553 00 3397460546344563 20110213 Tauranga 1 Brent Newdick 7296 1132 +01 701 00 134518951101547 -07 4329440530944763 2 Scott McLaren 7036 1162 +01 678 00 138318650601612 -07 3857450527045017 20110217 Qatif 1 Mohamed Ridha Al-Matroud 6864 1118 -04 692 130817550381528 -07 3866390510950232 20110227 Melbourne 1 Stephen Cain 7416 1143 00 676 +16 133019350511522 -06 3737480556443375 2 Jarrod Sims 7155 1126 00 670 -05 128119649561587 -06 3731440515544478 20110317 Houston 1 Jon Ryan Harlan 7720 1122 -11 680 -04 149819950901455 +07 4325490610750791 20110318 La Habana 1 Jose Angel Mendieta Errasti 7404 1122 -18 730 00 153619252171462 -13 3780400633850629 2 Juan Gilberto Alcazar Oquendo 7200 1166 -18 696 +18 117919851721553 -13 3866440545242913 3 Danilo Rey Batista 7078 1137 -18 697 00 113218650061492 -13 3841360597243676 4 Manuel Gonzalez 6817 1188 -18 667 +05 140019553121597 -13 3891380519443886 20110318 Northridge 1 Benjamin Dillow 7145 1142 +29 646 +18 123818951091525 +09 4249435517343319 20110318 San Diego 1 Derek Steinbach 6801 1148 628 +09 133418654281564 +01 4069435563650187 20110320 Sao Paulo 1 Carlos Eduardo Bezerra Chinin 7581 1121 -33 758 +21 134320249601470 -39 3892440549750304 2 Danilo Mendes Xavier 7217 1140 -33 735 +23 133519051211531 -39 3884420571850000 3 Renato Atila Souza da Camara 7117 1166 -07 725 +47 132319652101527 -39 4160440487750327 20110325 San Angelo 1 Brent Vogel 7238 W 1116 +41 688 +53 117718648991495 +19 3775405554543395 -
View Selected Resumé
George D. Green www.georgedgreen.com selected resumé BORN 1943 Portland, Oregon EDUCATION Oregon State University, Corvallis, 1961–62 University of Oregon, Eugene, 1965, B.S. Washington State University, Pullman, 1968, M.F.A. • 71 Museum and Public Collections including Art Institute of Chicago The Denver Art Museum The Detroit Institute of the Arts Los Angeles County Museum of Art Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, TX Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, NYC San Francisco Museum of Modern Art Indianapolis Museum of Art Portland Art Museum, Portland, OR • 66 Solo Exhibitions including 1970 Witte Memorial Art Museum, San Antonio, TX 1978 Everson Museum of Art, Syracuse, NY 1978, 1979, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995 Louis K. Meisel Gallery, NYC 1981, 1983 Hokin Gallery, Palm Beach, FL 1981, 1984, 1985, 1987 Hokin Kaufman Gallery, Chicago, IL 1986 Art Center of Douai, Douai, France 1987 Art Now Gallery, Gothenburg, Sweden 1987 Phillip Johnson Center For The Arts, Allentown, PA 1987 Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 1991, 1986 Levignes-Bastille Gallery, Paris, France 1993 Art Now Gallery, Gothenburg, Sweden 1994 Marqulies Taplin Gallery, Boca Raton, FL 1998 Laura Russo Gallery, Portland, OR George D. Green page 2 selected resumé • 66 Solo Exhibitions including — continued 2000 Louis K. Meisel Gallery, NYC 1997, 1999 2003 Solomon/Dubnick, Sacramento, CA 2005 Bernarducci/Meisel Gallery, 57th St., NYC/Louis K. Meisel Gallery, Soho, NYC 2010 “Early Paintings,” Louis K. Meisel -
P 001 WJ Recs
IAAF WORLD U20 CHAMPIONSHIPS Facts & Figures IAAF World U20 Records .......................................................................................1 IAAF World U20 Championship Records (& Best Performances)..........................3 Summary of Past Championships ..........................................................................5 Superlatives..........................................................................................................16 Placing Tables ......................................................................................................17 Country Index .......................................................................................................20 BYDGOSZCZ 2016 ★ FACTS & FIGURES/WORLD U20 RECORDS 1 IAAF WORLD U20 RECORDS * Awaiting ratification as at July 15, 2016 MEN Wind # = No longer an IAAF World U20 record event, this is the last record to be ratified 100 Metres 9.97 Travyon Bromell USA Eugene 14 Jun 14 1.8 200 Metres 19.93 Usain Bolt JAM Devonshire 11 Apr 04 1.4 400 Metres 43.87 Steve Lewis USA Seoul 28 Sep 88 800 Metres 1:41.73 Nijel Amos BOT London 9 Aug 12 1000 Metres 2:15.00 Benjamin Kipkirui KEN Nice 17 Jul 99 1500 Metres 3:28.81 Ronald Kwemoi KEN Monaco 18 Jul 14 One Mile 3:49.29 William Biwott KEN Oslo 3 Jul 09 (now İlham Tanui Özbilen TUR) 3000 Metres 7:28.78 Augustine Choge KEN Doha 13 May 05 5000 Metres 12:47.53 Hagos Gebrhiwet ETH Paris 6 Jul 12 10,000 Metres 26:41.75 Samuel Wanjiru KEN Bruxelles 26 Aug 05 2000m Steeplechase# 5:25.01 Arsenios Tsiminos GRE Athína 2 -
0 Sl Round 2L
11th IAAF World Championships in Athletics Decathlon Osaka 十種競技 From Saturday 25 August to Sunday 2 September 2007 100 Metres MEN 100m 男子 ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHL START LIST スタートリスト ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETIC ATHLETI RESULT NAME NAT AGE DATE VENUE 結果 氏名 国籍 年齢 日付 会場 WR9.77 Asafa POWELL JAM 2214 Jun 2005 Athína-Olympic St. WR9.77 Justin GATLIN USA 2412 May 2006 Doha WR9.77 Asafa POWELL JAM 2311 Jun 2006 Gateshead WR9.77 Asafa POWELL JAM 2318 Aug 2006 Zürich CR9.80 Maurice GREENE USA 2522 Aug 1999 Sevilla WL9.84 Tyson GAY USA 2422 Jun 2007 Indianapolis, IN Heat 1 31 August 2007 10:00 1 組 4 2007年8月31日 10:00 LANE BIB NAME NAT YEAR PERSONAL BEST 2007 BEST レーン ナンバー 氏名 国籍 年 自己最高 2007 年自己ベスト 2 783 Kun-Woo KIM KOR 80 11.16 11.28 金建佑 3 1160 Vitaliy SMIRNOV UZB 78 10.70 11.36 ビタリー・スミルノフ 4 374 Aliaksandr PARKHOMENKA BLR 81 11.26 11.37 アリアクサンドル・パルホメンカ 5 849 Eugene MARTINEAU NED 80 10.96 11.39 ユジェーン・マルチノ 6 673 Attila ZSIVÓCZKY HUN 77 10.90 アッティラ・ジボーツキ 7 757 Hiromasa TANAKA JPN 81 10.87 田中宏昌 8 557 Romain BARRAS FRA 80 11.02 11.26 ロマン・バラス Heat 2 31 August 2007 10:08 2 組 4 2007年8月31日 10:08 LANE BIB NAME NAT YEAR PERSONAL BEST 2007 BEST レーン ナンバー 氏名 国籍 年 自己最高 2007 年自己ベスト 2 612 Arthur ABELE GER -
0.3 Reaction 1 Yahya Saed Al-Kahes KSA
AsC Incheon KOR 1 - 4 September 16th Asian Championships, Munhak Stadium Men 100 m 2 September Wind: -0.3 Reaction 1 Yahya Saed Al-Kahes KSA 19 Feb 86 10.39 0.144 2 Shingo Suetsugu JPN 2 Jun 80 10.42 0.175 3 Khaled Yousef Al-Obaidli QAT 17 Aug 81 10.45 0.149 4 Nobuharu Asahara JPN 21 Jun 72 10.57 0.165 5 Wachara Sondee THA 9 Apr 83 10.61 0.181 6 Anil Kumar IND 28 May 73 10.61 0.211 7 Vitaliy Medvedev KAZ 6 Jan 77 10.67 0.157 Vyacheslav Muravyov KAZ 14 Jul 82 DNS 200 m 4 September Wind: 1.8 1 Hamed Hamadan Al-Bishi KSA 3 Mar 82 20.66 SB 0.173 2 Tatsuro Yoshino JPN 11 Sep 82 20.68 0.214 3 Yang Yaozu CHN 9 Jan 81 20.85 0.184 4 Tang Yik Chun HKG 23 Jun 86 21.01 0.183 5 Prasanna S. Amarasekara SRI 21 Mar 81 21.12 SB 0.246 6 Wang Chengliang CHN 4 Aug 85 21.29 0.243 7 Hamood Abd. Al-Dalhami OMA 7 Nov 71 21.31 SB 0.159 8 Hamoud Abdullah Al-Saad KUW 12 Jan 86 21.40 0.297 400 m 3 September 1 Yuzo Kanemaru JPN 18 Sep 87 46.04 0.345 2 Prasanna S. Amarasekara SRI 21 Mar 81 46.48 0.253 3 Rohan Pradeep Kumara SRI 10 Mar 75 46.52 0.330 4 Hamdan Odha Al-Bishi KSA 5 May 81 46.55 0.303 5 Yuki Yamaguchi JPN 22 Feb 84 46.65 0.271 6 Mohamed Akefian IRI 31 May 84 46.93 0.239 7 Reza Bouazar IRI 22 May 87 47.58 0.416 8 Cho Sung-Kwon KOR 10 Feb 82 47.81 0.232 800 m 4 September 1 Majid Saeed Sultan QAT 3 Nov 86 1:44.27 NR AJR PB 2 Abdulrahman Sulaiman QAT 10 Jan 84 1:44.73 PB 3 Sadjad Moradi IRI 30 Mar 83 1:44.74 NR PB 4 Mohammed Al-Salhi KSA 11 May 86 1:45.78 5 Mohamed Mutlak Al-Azimi KUW 16 Jun 82 1:46.67 SB 6 Adnan Taees Akkar IRQ 24 Mar 80 1:47.09 NR SB 7 Yoshihiro Shimodaira JPN 28 Oct 85 1:49.45 8 Mohamed Othman Shahween KSA 15 Feb 86 1:51.19 1500 m 2 September 1 Ali Abubaker Kamal QAT 8 Nov 83 3:44.24 2 Adnan Taees Akkar IRQ 24 Mar 80 3:44.57 PB 3 Nasser Shams Kareem QAT 30 Jan 86 3:46.09 4 Yasunori Murakami JPN 30 Dec 83 3:46.80 5 Mikhail Kolganov KAZ 9 May 80 3:47.45 6 Chaminda Indika Wijekoon SRI 15 Sep 81 3:48.29 7 Ghamanda Ram IND 1 Jul 84 3:49.62 8 J.M. -
Reader 19 05 19 V75 Timeline Pagination
Plant Trivia TimeLine A Chronology of Plants and People The TimeLine presents world history from a botanical viewpoint. It includes brief stories of plant discovery and use that describe the roles of plants and plant science in human civilization. The Time- Line also provides you as an individual the opportunity to reflect on how the history of human interaction with the plant world has shaped and impacted your own life and heritage. Information included comes from secondary sources and compila- tions, which are cited. The author continues to chart events for the TimeLine and appreciates your critique of the many entries as well as suggestions for additions and improvements to the topics cov- ered. Send comments to planted[at]huntington.org 345 Million. This time marks the beginning of the Mississippian period. Together with the Pennsylvanian which followed (through to 225 million years BP), the two periods consti- BP tute the age of coal - often called the Carboniferous. 136 Million. With deposits from the Cretaceous period we see the first evidence of flower- 5-15 Billion+ 6 December. Carbon (the basis of organic life), oxygen, and other elements ing plants. (Bold, Alexopoulos, & Delevoryas, 1980) were created from hydrogen and helium in the fury of burning supernovae. Having arisen when the stars were formed, the elements of which life is built, and thus we ourselves, 49 Million. The Azolla Event (AE). Hypothetically, Earth experienced a melting of Arctic might be thought of as stardust. (Dauber & Muller, 1996) ice and consequent formation of a layered freshwater ocean which supported massive prolif- eration of the fern Azolla.