NAMENAME EnhancedEnhanced ObservationObservation PeriodPeriod
NAME Science Working Group March, 2003
NAME Homepage: http://www.joss.ucar.edu/name TheThe NorthNorth AmericanAmerican MonsoonMonsoon ExperimentExperiment
• Multiyear, multi-tier research program aimed at studying the sources and limits of predictability of warm season precipitation over N. America • Scientific Objectives: • Improve characterization of warm season convective processes in complex terrain (Tier 1) • Describe and improve simulation of mechanisms controlling intraseasonal variability of the monsoon (Tier 2) • Define the response of the warm season circulation and precipitation to slowly varying boundary conditions (Tier 3) • Improve simulation and prediction of the North American Monsoon System and its variability TheThe NorthNorth AmericanAmerican MonsoonMonsoon Experiment:Experiment: TimelineTimeline ofof ActivitiesActivities
YEAR (2000+) 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 Planning ------| Preparations ------| Data Collection ------| Principal Research ------| Data Management ------| Moisture Budget Region Si SMEX 04 m p le S R i a m in p g le a u R g a e in s g a u g e s Veg. Flux Site NERNNERN :: ShuttleworthShuttleworth,, Watts,Watts, Gochis,Gochis, GaratuzaGaratuza
• 100 Event logging, tipping bucket raingages • 6 major W-E transects traversing SMO • Major improvement in topographic and temporal sampling of precipitation • Installed 2002-2003, in operation through spring of 2006 • Not available in real-time
Contacts: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2002-2003 Jul-Aug Diurnal Cycle of Hourly Precipitation Freque ncy (NERN)
0.40 0.35 0-500 y 0.30 nc 500-1000
que 0.25 1000-1500 e r 1500-2000 0.20 on F i 2000-2500 t a 0.15 2500-3000 pit i c 0.10 Network Mean e r P 0.05 0.00 1 4 7 1013161922 Tim e of Day (LST)
2002-2003 Jul-Aug Diurnal Cycle of Hourly Precipitation Intensity (NERN)
10.0
) 9.0
hr 0-500 / 8.0 m 500-1000 m 7.0 (
y 1000-1500 it 6.0
ns 1500-2000
e 5.0 2000-2500 4.0 on Int
i 2500-3000 t 3.0 a Network Mean pit
i 2.0 c e
r 1.0 P 0.0 1 4 7 1013161922 Time of Day (LST) SimpleSimple RaingageRaingage NetworkNetwork :: HigginsHiggins andand LobatoLobato
• 1000 Simple accumulation gages • Covering major data sparse regions in North- central and North western Mexico • Daily accumulated rainfall • Improved spatial representation of precipitation • Maintained by IMTA • Not available in real-time Contact: [email protected] [email protected] AugmentationAugmentation ofof SouthernSouthern ArizonaArizona ALERTALERT Network:Network: JamisonJamison
• Installation of 3 additional ALERT, automated weather stations • Improved monitoring in data-sparse border region in Southern Arizona • Temp, RH, Press., Wind speed and direction, event precipitation • Maintained by NWS • Real-time and GTS availability
Contact: [email protected] AugmentedAugmented SurfaceSurface TemperatureTemperature andand HumidityHumidity Measurements:Measurements: A.A. DouglasDouglas
• 16 recording temperature and humidity sensors • Deployed along SMO transects in collaboration with the NERN and CNA/SMN observatories • Will help elucidate temp/RH profile over SMO
• Not available in real time Contacts: [email protected] [email protected] LandLand –– AtmosphereAtmosphere FluxesFluxes fromfrom thethe DeciduousDeciduous TropicalTropical Forest:Forest: M.M. DouglasDouglas
• Flux tower, sounding and tethersonde measurements over a deciduous forest site in the SMO foothills • Eddy-covariance fluxes • Bare ground and canopy flux estimates • Soil moisture measurements • Additional PIBAL and surface met. stations • Not available in realtime Contacts: [email protected] [email protected]
NAMENAME SoilSoil MoistureMoisture FieldField CampaignCampaign (SMEX04):(SMEX04): JacksonJackson
• Two domains: Walnut Gulch, AZ & northern Sonora, MX SMEX 04 • Multiscale measurement and validation of near surface soil moisture content • NASA-AMSRE and NASA-P3 passive microwave • Ground-based, TDR measurements Contact: [email protected] • Not available in real-time SUMMARY OF NAME ‘Radar’ OBSERVATIONS
Platform / Data Location Status Contact NCAR SPOL Radar Sinaloa Funded - NSF Rutledge / Carbone
NOAA P3 Airborne Radar Gulf of California Funded - OGP Rutledge
Upgraded SMN Radars Multiple Funded – Lang and Carbone OGP/NSF/NASA Radar Umbrella Radius: Approx. 150 km
NEXRAD Tucson NEXRAD Midland
NEXRAD Yuma NEXRAD El Paso NEXRAD San Angelo
SMN Cd. Obregon
SMN El Palmito
SMN Guasabe
NCAR SPOL SMN Los Cabos SPOLSPOL Radar:Radar: RutledgeRutledge
• Deployed north of Mazatlan at La Cruz • 24/7 operation • Approx. 500m resolution, 120 km range Culiacan • Reflectivity, Doppler velocity products, La Cruz microphysical detection Mazatlan • Ground-validation via NERN • Reflectivity available in real-time Contact: [email protected] SMNSMN Radar:Radar: Lang,Lang, CarboneCarbone andand SMNSMN
• SMN C-band Doppler radars • 4 locations: Cd. Obregon, Guasabe, Los Cabos, El Palmito • 24/7 operation • Reflectivity and Doppler velocity products • Possible NCAR/RAP TITAN storm detection and tracking algorithm • Ground-validation via NERN raingages • Reflectivity available in real- time where internet service Contacts: [email protected] is available [email protected] NWS Las Vegas NWS Flagstaff NWS Albuquerque NWS Amarillo
SRP Phoenix
NWS San Diego NWS Tucson NWS Midland NCAR ISS NWS El Paso
NWS Del Rio NCAR ISS SMN Chihuahua SMN Guaymas M. Douglas RAOB
SMN Torreon NCAR GLASS NCAR ISS SMN Monterrey
SMN La Paz NOAA ETL/AL SMN Zacatecas EOP Ship RAOB SMN Mazatlan IntegratedIntegrated SoundingSounding Systems:Systems: JohnsonJohnson
• 3 NCAR/ISSs deployed at Puerto Peñasco - ISS P. Peñasco, Kino Bay, Los Mochis – GPS soundings, 915 MHz wind profiler, RASS, sfc. Kino Bay - ISS met. – EOP: 2x Daily P. Peñasco, Kino Bay; 4x Los Mochis –IOP: 6x Los Mochis
Loreto - GLASS • 1 NCAR GLASS system Los Mochis - ISS deployed at Loreto, BCS – GPS sounding, sfc. met. – EOP: 4x Daily; IOP: 6x • Nominal Jul 1-Aug. 15 Contacts: [email protected] • GTS available EnhancedEnhanced OperationalOperational Soundings:Soundings: Zhou/NWS,Zhou/NWS, A.A. DouglasDouglas andand Cortez/SMNCortez/SMN
• Increased frequency of GPS soundings at 9 U.S. and 8 Mexican RAOB sites: Radiosonde photo courtesy of Vaisala, Inc.
– NWS: EOP 2x daily IOP 4x daily 20 IOP Days: Tucson, Las Vegas, San Diego, Flagstaff, Albuquerque, Midland, El Paso, Amarillo, Del Rio
– SMN: EOP 2x daily (Start 6/21) IOP 6x daily 20 IOP Days: Chihuahua, Guaymas, Mazatlan, La Paz 12 IOP Days: Monterrey, Zacatecas, Torreon Contacts: [email protected] – DOD/Yuma: ??? →Looking better !!! [email protected] [email protected] • Most Stations GTS available PIBALPIBAL Soundings:Soundings: DouglasDouglas
• Atmospheric profiles of wind speed and direction • Instrumented balloon tracked from surface to ~ 11 km (cloud dependent) • Approx. 20 stations proposed over the NAME region
• Many sites will be available in ~ 2-3hr delayed reception
Contact: [email protected] PrecipitationPrecipitation andand VerticalVertical WindWind Profiling:Profiling: King,King, WilliamsWilliams andand WhiteWhite
• Coastal Site (40 km NW of Spol Radar) – 915 MHz vertical wind profiler w/ RASS – 449 MHz vertical wind profiler – S-band reflectivity Coastal Site: Southern SIN – Surface disdrometer – Surface met. and flux – Soil moisture – Cielometer • May 28 – Sept 30, 2004 – *Partial deployment thru 2006 Contacts: [email protected] • Available in near real-time [email protected], [email protected] SUMMARY OF NAME ‘Aircraft’ OBSERVATIONS
Platform / Data Location Status Contact Aircraft (NOAA P-3) Mazatlan Funded - OGP M. Douglas/Cotton
• Principal objectives: a) Mean moisture flux field estimation over the NAME tier 1 domain (6 flights, 48 h requested)
b) Vertical and horizontal variations of the low-level jet, and the associated moisture flux variability (2 flights, 16h requested)
c) Genesis of gulf surge events (2 flights, 16h requested) Contact: [email protected] [email protected] d) Horizontal structure and evolution of the sea-land and mountain-valley breeze circulations (2 flights, 18h requested)
e) Mesoscale convective systems and/or their residuals (2 flights, 16 h) SUMMARY OF NAME ‘Aircraft’ OBSERVATIONS
Platform / Data Location Status Contact Aircraft (NOAA P-3) Mazatlan Funded - OGP M. Douglas/Cotton
• Budgeted flight hrs: 80 • Airborne instrument package: – Flight level T, q, Press, U, V – Dropwinsonde capable – X-band Doppler Radar
• Some data available in Contact: [email protected] real-time [email protected] LLJ flight schematic legs 1-6 porpoising from 100 m - 1400 m asl pattern at 7 (heavy line) 6 levels, 3 min at each level, normal to wind...
Legs 8-12 return porpoise from 100m to ~1200 m, inversion dependent.
Last leg (12) along same line as leg 1 to check for time changes during flight
(~8 hr flight) SUMMARY OF NAME ‘Oceanographic’ OBSERVATIONS
Platform / Data Location Status Contact Oceanographic Meas. Gulf of California Funded - OGP M. Douglas & CICESE BI-03 R/V Altair Gulf of California Funded - OGP Rutledge/Fairall w/ Mex. Navy Mex. Navy Vessel: • Surface and PBL meteorological measurements from a research vessel • Ocean-atmosphere fluxes • 915 MHz Wind profiler • Cloud ceilometer • Vaisala RS-90 rawinsondes • CTD ocean profiles • Location: 23.5 N 108 W • July 5-22 : July 26-Aug. 12 OceanographicOceanographic Measurements:Measurements: CICESECICESE andand M.M. DouglasDouglas
CICESE Vessel (R.V. Ulloa):
• Multiple transects traversing the southern G. California • Pilot balloon, tethersondes and both GPS- and non-GPS radiosonde observations • Drifter deployment • Sfc. met, water temp, salinity and current mapping
• Not available in real-time NAMENAME EnhancedEnhanced ObservationObservation PeriodPeriod
Jul. 1, 2004-Aug. 15, 2004
NAME Homepage: http://www.joss.ucar.edu/name