THE

Yo!. XLIY. GUELPH, NOVEMBER, 1931. No. 3.

THE O.A.C. REVIEW 145

HOUSE INSULATION A NEW IDEA

A house lined with Cork is warmer in winter and cooler in summer. Fuel bills are reduced fully 30 per cent. Armstrong’s Corkboard has kept the heat out of cold storage rooms for the past thirty years. It will prevent the heat escaping from your home in just the same manner. Why burn fuel and allow the heat to flow readily through your walls and roof? Write for a corkboard sample and our 40 page catalogue on House Insulation. ARMSTRONG CORK & INSOLATION CO., LIMITED MONTREAL TORONTO WINNIPEG

Canadian History by the Pocketful Not to suggest “oramming”, but the nearest thing we know to a “royal road” to Canadian history comes in our pocket-sized Canadian History Readers. These are convenient little brochures—one hundred titles in all—cover¬ ing pathfinders, heroes, heroines, comrades of the Cross, eminent Canadians and fathers of the Dominion, all by recognized authorities and covering various phases of Canadian history from the days of early discovery to the present. While the readers center largely in outstanding characters, the life and work of these folk are thrown on a background which brings the period they lived in intimately and interestingly before one. These booklets, readable in halLan-hour, may be used at odd moments and will contribute a wonderful amount of Canadian history. A few sug¬ gested titles follow: “Lord Strathcona” by H. A. Kennedy. “The Buildjng of the C. P. R.” by H. A. Kennedy “Tecumseh” by Lloyd Roberts “The Hudson’s Bay Company” by Robert Watson. “The Story of Hydro” by Blodwen Davies. Price 10c per copy plus 2c postage.

We shall be very glad to send you the whole list THE RYERSON PRESS Canada’s Pioneer Publishers — TORONTO 146 THE O.A.C_. REVIEW You’ re Right — Making Autos Isn’t The World s Greatest Industry No, sir, making autos is not the world’s greatest industry. And it’s not rail¬ roading either.

The world’s greatest industry is cleaning. Yes, it’s a fact. More time is spent doing the world’s cleaning operations, including cleaning in the home, than is devoted to any other single occupation.

Ever work in a dairy or a canning factory? If you have you know that better than a third of the total working hours is spent in cleaning.

You know how a hotel lobby or a building entrance looks about 2 a.m. Scrub women and porters all hard at work. And think of the dishes to be washed every day in hotels, restaurants, and cafeteries.

This big cleaning job also includes the washing of clothes in power laundries, the processing of leather for your shoes, the washing of wool, cotton, and rayon in textile mills, and the cleaning of metal parts, auto fenders, and even golf clubs before plating or processing.

These next few months we want to tell you the part Wyandotte Cleaning Products play in increasing efficiency and lowering costs in this enormous cleaning industry.

Manufactured by—The J. B. Ford Company, Wyandotte, Michigan

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THE SIZE OF THE JOB MAKES NO DIFFERENCE GOOD SERVICE AND GOOD PRINTING CHARACTERIZE OUR WORK

Gummer Building Phone 872 Guelph THE O.A.C. REVIEW 147

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(X - HOW TO FIGURE THE SIZE FOR YOUR CONCRETE WATER SUPPLY TANK A gravity water system enabling tbe farmer to get water when he wants it by a turn of the faucet has advantages which are self-evident. The average daily consumption of water on the farm runs into hundreds of gallons. No more practical improvement could be made than a concrete supply tank which will put water under pressure for instant use when needed. Clip and save this helpful table for estimating water requirements: For each member of the family. 25 gallons per day For each cow. 12 gallons per day For each horse . 10 gallons per day For each sheep . iy2 gallons per day Continuous drinking fountain.50 to 100 gallons per hour Use of y2" hose nozzle. 200 gallons per hour Use of %" hose nozzle. 3 00 gallons per hour Capacities of cyindrical water tanks 12 feet in diameter, varying in depth from 6 to 16 feet are as follows: 6 feet deep .... 5,075 gallons 12 feet deep .... 10,150 gallons 8 feet deep .... 6,770 gallons 14 feet deep .... 11,845 gallons 10 feet deep .... 8,460 gallons 16 feet deep .... 13,540 gallons Write us for booklet with complete plans and instructions for building this and other concrete farm improvements. Canada Cement Company, Limited Canada Cement Company Building Phillips Square Montreal Sales Offices at: Montreal Toronto Winnipeg Calgary 148 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

Information for Ontario Farmers with reference to Gasoline Tax Refunds

The act providing for a tax of five cents per gallon on gasoline was adopted to provide funds for the construction and upkeep of roads.

Farmers, and others purchasing gasoline to be used for any purpose other than vehicular traffic on public roads, should take receipts for moneys paid as tax and by turning in these receipts, together with an application for refund, may receive back the amount paid as tax-

THE “SIX MONTHS” REGULATION

Much inconvenience has been brought about through the application by farmers and others for refund after the expiration of the six months period during which such refunds may legally be made.

This advertisement is published to remind all farmers and others who purchase gasoline for any use except the operation of motor vehicles on public highways, that applications for gasoline tax refund must be made within six months from the date shown on the receipt taken from the seller.

In other words, a gasoline tax receipt dated January 1, 1931, becomes valueless for refund on July 1, 1931.

The Department of Highways, to which lias been entrusted the col¬ lection of the gasoline tax and legal refund thereof, takes this means of bespeaking the co-operation of all concerned, to the end that the matter of collection and legal refund of the gasoline tax may operate smoothly and efficiently with a minimum of expense and misunder¬ standing to either the consumer or this department.

Ontario Department of Highways

HON. LEOPOLD MACAULAY, Minister THE O.A.C. REVIEW 149 Contents

LEADING ARTICLES

Editorial (Sword or Ploughshare). 151 Soda Water and Common Sense. 154 A Master Farmer. 156 Times Have Changed. 163 O.A.C. Graduates at Home. ... . 170

DEPARTMENTAL NOTES

Animal Husbandry . 173

Judging Teams. 177

English—Better English—Of Interest to Graduates—

A By-Street in Vercheres. 178

COLLEGE LIFE . 183

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR. 188

ATHLETICS. 189

MACDONALD. 193

ALUMNI . 200 150 THE O.A.C, REVIEW

TIME FOR A BUCKINGHAM!

When the old pigskin is in enemy territory and the college is way ahead; when the forward pass is piling up points and throats are hoarse with yelling; then—it’s time for a Buckingham!

Buckingham Sun-treated cigarettes give an added thrill to every moment.... the thrill of a quality cigarette, perfect in blend and flavor . . . made of choice tobaccos ripened and sweet¬ ened in sunshine.... aged two years in wood . ... .blended expertly for better taste. . . .then mellowed and enriched by the famous ultra¬ violet ray process. Buckinghams always satis¬ fy... . cool, mellow, refreshing.... always fresh and fragrant in the patented sealed pack¬ age.

ALL QUALITY 20 for Cbe 0. Jl. 0. Review

The Profession I have embraced requires a knowledge of everything.

Vol. XLIV. Guelph, November, 1931. No. 3.

Sword or Ploughshare

HETHER readers of the Review agree or not with the political views of Miss Agnes McPhaiL who spoke on the coming World Disarmament Conference in Memorial Hall recently, it is their duty to give every consideration and thought to the subject on which she spoke. The cause of disarmament may appear super¬ ficially, to be dissociated from agriculture, but the sword may yet be turned into the ploughshare if advocates of the rural life will only give as much consideration to the selection of their rulers and to national and international events as they do to the buying of livestock and the organization of garden parties. Canada must be ably represented at the Dis¬ armament Conference in February. Indifference will spell disaster.

WHILE on the subject of International affairs, we would draw attention to the recently pub¬ lished report on the Agricultural Crisis by the Economic Com¬ mittee of the League of Nations. Pointing to the need of mar¬ keting organization on a national and even an international 152 THE O.A.C. REVIEW scale as one means of improving the economic condition of farmers throughout the world, the report states: —

“The discussions of the experts have thrown light on all the practical difficulties in the way of applying a general pro¬ gramme of valueing agricultural production. But it would per¬ haps not be impossible to influence production indirectly by endeavouring to regulate the marketing of agricultural products.” “From whatever angle one approaches the agricultural problem, one is always and everywhere brought back to the problem of surplus. If there were not quantities of wheat and wine larger than those for which the consumer is prepared to pay a remunerative price, there would be no grain problem or wine problem. The sufferings of the producers begin with the appearance of a surplus beyond the actual demand.”.

“A large number of countries are undoubtedly tending to organize the sale of their agricultural products in the direct interest of the producers, and the organization frequently takes the form of centralized supervision. Many governments are instigating or supporting the necessary action for the improve¬ ment of collective organizations for the sale of products or for the extension of markets. The purchase and sale of products through centralized organizations will enable, the clommittee think, the conclusion of bargains on terms which are reasonably alike for the consumer and the producer.” ....

“Once set up, the national organization for centralized action might come to an understanding with the similar organ¬ izations in neighbouring countries, and in certain circumstances might unite with a view to international action.” ....

“Some experts consider that international agreements might be very helpful in this connection. Just as recently in the case of sugar, agreements might be concluded, not directly limiting production, but regulating the distribution of particular exports in the international market. What has been found possible- in the case of producers of sugar should be equally practicable for other commodities. The attempt, it is suggested, should be made by international agreement to restrict the flow of such products into the market and to establish quotas of the supply to correspond with the demand of the various countries, and to distribute the supply between the various markets which have hitherto been the prey of numerous undercuttihg.” THE O.A.C. REVIEW 153

BIRDS AND AGRICULTURE THE importance of birds in relation to agricul¬ tural production has long been recognized, and the fact has been still further impressed upon us by a publica¬ tion issued from the headquarters of the National Association of Audubon Societies, New York City: This is the third Bulletin of the International Committee for Bird Preservation compiled by T. Gilbert Pearson, the well-known American naturalist and Chairman of the Committee. The report includes an account of the Seventh International Ornithological Congress, which met in Amsterdam, Holland, in 1930, and at which sixteen nations were represented. The Chairman, in his address, comments on the efforts of the International Agricultural Institute at Rome to assure better protection of birds useful to agriculture, and the work of the newly created International office for the Protection of Nature, located in Brussels. He also denounces the commercialization of bird species by the bounty method, which is in danger of de¬ stroying the balance of Nature in its senseless encouragement of the killing of birds of prey. Luckily such bounties are not paid in Canada, though we know of a certain agricultural institution where one of the authorities was responsible for the death of a number of sparrowhawks and a marsh hawk through rank ignorance of their feeding habits-

RESEARCH AND INTERNATIONALISM SINCE we have embarked on an international ramp we cannot refrain from quoting a para¬ graph in conclusion from Mr. Tennyson D. Jarvis’ most interest¬ ing article entitled “Fundamentals of an Agricultural Research Programme” and published in the October issue of “Scientific Agriculture.” Following his introduction he writes: — “Recent agricultural history has definitely established the fact that the maintenance of agricultural stability is an inter¬ national problem, and that we are sadly underestimating the possibilities of research when we overlook not only the oppor¬ tunities but the economic necessity for closer collaboration on agricultural problems of international significance. When agri¬ cultural marketing becomes international, problems in costs of production also cease to be local or even national, and must be viewed from the broader perspective of international relation¬ ships-” 154 THE O.A.C, REVIEW

Soda Water and Common Sense

M usings of an Industrialist

FOR. some months past a well-known firm of Irish Mineral Water manufacturers has been publishing a series of “musings” on current events and Gov¬ ernmental policies as a form of advertisement for its products. Not only have these proved highly entertaining, but also stimu¬ lative of serious thought. As a sample of the work, we have taken one which concerns itself with agricultural production. Many readers of the Review will doubtless disagree with the argument advanced. The Review is the logical place to dis¬ cuss it. This is the way it goes.—

In our own case we sometimes find that a clearer light is thrown on a problem by thinking in terms of the farm—the rock from whence we were all hewn—rock is perhaps hardly a happy word though applicable to some farms we know. And if we might presume to offer advice to the bright and master spirits of the financial world, we suggest their thinking in terms of Ginger Ale and Soda Water might save themselves from making grievous mistakes and us, lesser folks, from suffering thereby. The farmer in Brazil grows too much coffee and in Canada and the United States too much wheat, and, but for Government in¬ tervention, he would have had one disastrous year, with the result that he would probably be so cautious about growing- wheat the following year that supplies and prices would have soon adjusted themselves. But modern Government is not content to take a negative role, and the Wheat Pool, taking the surplus stock, encourages more wheat growing and, like a dropped stitch in a piece of knitting, the more one goes on the worse things become. Things adjust themselves surprisingly quickly if the law of supply and demand is not interfered with. Just after the war, our representative, writing from Patagonia, reported that sheep were being sold for meat with the wool on as it did not pay to clip it, and about two years afterwards chairmen of big Australian sheep runs were talking of a wool famine and arguing that in the nature of things wool was bound THE O.A.C. REVIEW 15 to get scarcer, but high prices had their usual effect of increas¬ ing production and curtailing consumption, and wool is again a drug on the market. Now, had the Government extended the Trade facilities Act to us, Mineral Water Miifkers, we might have installed bigger, even if we could not find better, machinery, and with this have manufactured so much Ginger Ale and Soda Water that a Federal Mineral Water Board or Ginger Ale Pool would have been the next step of a paternal Government; and we knowing that anything we made above market requirements would be taken from us as a “fair” price, would have shown what we could do in the way of production—the warehouses of the world would have bulged with surplus Soda Water, which the Government would fear to release less they drown the choice and fragrant products of the Scotch and Irish distilleries, and rather than make the Whiskey too weak they would start a Research Department to “find new uses for Soda Water.” Let our statesmen think in terms of Soda Water and Ginger Ale and they will be saved many silly mistakes.

“Our rulers will best promote the improvement of the people by strictly confining themselves to their own legitimate duties—by leav¬ ing capital to find its most lucrative course, commodities their fair price, industry and intelligence their natural reward, idleness and folly their natural punishment-—by maintaining peace, by defending property, by diminishing the price of laze, and by observing strict economy in every department of the State.

Let the Government do this—the people will assuredly do the rest." Macaulay. A Master Farmer

Mr. W. H. Ha ivey, Q2, in reminiscent vein

AT the time the Ontario Agricultural College was founded, and for some years afterward, there existed a good deal of prejudice in the minds of many of the farmers of Ontario against the institution. That old suspicion and distrust of the work of an Agricultural College is hard to understand, and is now a thing of the past, for to-day farmers everywhere throughout Canada are looking to the Agricultural Colleges, Experimental Farms, and Departments of Agriculture for instruction and assistance in their work.

The influence of By 1890, the year I entered the O. A. C., President Mills and President Mills had been head of the in- Prof. Shaw. stitution for some time, and had done a great deal to bring about a better attitude towards the work of the College. He was largely instrumental in starting Farmers Institute work, which was carried on in the early years of its existence by professors of the College. This THE O.A.C. REVIEW 15/

brought the work of the O.A.C- to the attention of the people, and in many cases boys of a good type were attracted to the College through meeting one of the members of the staff. President Mills was a man of fine appearance, good scholarship, and graced the position of President of the College.

Thomas Shaw had just started his work as Professor of Agriculture and Farm Superintendent at that time. He came to the College well equipped for the duties of this position He was an outstanding farmer, stockman and farm journalist. Ev his work in the class-room, on the college farm, and his articles in the press, he did very much to create confidence in the minds of the farmers regarding the work of the College. Professor Shaw used to lecture three periods in the morning, work out on the farm with the students in the afternoon, and then toil late at night in the pre¬ paration of his lectures and ar¬ ticles for var¬ ious papers.

President Mills and Pro¬ fessor Shaw had associated with them an able staff of men, each of whom did his part to place the college in a position of popularity and in¬ fluence.

One of the beauty At that time the buildings on the College spots of Canada. campus were few, and the equipment rather meagre, but even then it was re¬ garded as one of the beauty spots of Canada. Forty years after a man leaves college he remembers very little of the instruction received in the classroom. What has lingered long¬ est in his memory and possibly influenced him most has been those personal contacts with the members of the staff, and also with the student body. Before I leave this point I should like to say that I never met a finer group of men anywhere than the staff and students of the O.A.C- during the two years that I spent there. 158 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

THE MASTER FARMER MOVEMENT

The Master Farmer Movement was founded by Clifford V. Gregory, Editor, The Prairie Farmer, Chicago. The work has been taken up by twelve other farm journals, and has extended to twenty-seven States of the Union. “The purpose of the Movement,” states Mr. Gregory, “is to recognize outstanding success in farming and in rural citizenship. The nation should honor its leading farmers as it does its scientists, and its sold¬ iers, and its captains of industry. It is an inspiration to boys and girls who are growing up in the country to know that suc¬ cess may be the reward of effort on the farm as in the city—not only the success which is measured in money, but what is more important, the success that comes from an upright and useful life in family and community.” In the Master Farmer Score Card the four principal divis¬ ions are: Opera¬ tion and organ- zation of farm, 320 points; Bus¬ iness Methods, 300 points;Home Life, 250 points; The Main Driveway and some of the and Citizenship, Buildings. 130 points.

The Master Farmer The Master Farmer Movement was intro- Movement is intro- dueed into Western Canada in 1930 by the duced into Western Nor’-West Farmers, a farm paper publish- Canada. ed in Winnipeg, which has a large cir¬ culation throughout the three Western Provinces. This paper invited nominations for the award, and received 179 entries. Nominations could be sent in by organiz¬ ations, such as Agricultural Societies and Boards of Trade or by neighbours, but no farmer could nominate himself. The candi¬ date was sent a questionnaire containing some 300 questions to fill out and return. During the summer, while the crops were growing, he was visited by a member of the editorial staff of the paper, and scored in accordance with the Master Farmer THE O.A.C. REVIEW 159

Score Card. A little later all those whose farms approximated the Master Farmer standard were visited by the Awards Com¬ mittee of four members who made the final decision.

Out of-a total of ten awards made, five were in Saskatch¬ ewan. The members of the awards committee in this province were: F. H. Auld, Deputy Minister of Agriculture; Prof. A. M. Shaw, Dean College of Agriculture; John G. Raynor, Director Extension Work; and Lyman T. Chapman, Editor Norf-West Farmer. The presentation of certificates and medals was made by Dr. W. C. Murray, President University of Saskatchewan, at a banquet held in Regina early in November.

The Master Farmer Movement was well received, and created a good deal of interest in agricultural circles. On every hand there was favourable com¬ ment regarding the action of the Nor’-West Far¬ mer in undertak¬ ing this work, and of the very fine manner in which it had been carried through. With the assist¬ Grain being taken from the Combine to the ance of the de¬ Elevator by Truck. partments of ag¬ riculture and universities of the three provinces concerned, awards will be made annually, and I am informed that a larger number of nominations have been received this year than in 1930.

THE HARVEY FARM

Our farm is located at Flan combe, Sask., about 150 miles south¬ west of Saskatoon, and 20 miles east of the Alberta boundary. It is situated in what is commonly called the “Goose Lake” district, a term applied to the country lying along the Goose Lake or Saskatoon-Calgary line of railway, from Saskatoon to Alsask, and extending south to the South Saskatchewan River. This Goose Lake district its famous for the quality as well as m THE O.A.C. REVIEW the quantity of wheat which it produces. It is open, undulating prairie, and much of the soil is heavy gumbo clay, which when worked up makes the very finest land for the growth of wheat and flax. It is generally conceded that the drier the district the heavier should be the soil. With this in mind we selected this heavy gumbo land, which is similar in character to the Regina soil, and we have not regretted our choice- Our farm consists of 1,760 acres, 1,700 acres of which is under cultivation. It might be termed a medium-sized family farm. I have in part¬ nership with me my two sons, both unmarried, and we operate under the name of W. H. Harvey and Sons. We find a partner¬ ship of this kind works out very well. A partnership in an attractive, well-equipped farm is quite an incentive for a young r; an to remain on the farm. If the social life of our rural communities is not to become i m p o v e rished something must be done to make life on the farm as attractive from a social and financial stand¬ point as life in the towns and cities. I think a partnership such as we have offers a partial solu- Pullin* a 24 Foot Disc- tion of this problem.

A system is zvorkcd Having selected a farm, the next question out, which is adapted is to work out a system of farming which to the soil and climatic Is adapted to the soil and climatic condi- conditions. tions of the district. A rotation which is successful in our district would bring disaster if followed in many parts of this province. Owing to the comparatively light rainfall and heavy evaporation, practi¬ cally one-half of our land is summerfallowed each year. This plan is varied to some extent if we consider moisture conditions in the spring warrant sowing some crop on stubble land. If this is done the stubble is burned off if it is long, the land disced, and sowed with wheat at the rate of 1 bushel per acre. In the THE O.A.C. REVIEW 161 spring our summerfallow land is disced or cultivated, and then seeded with a double disc drill, well down to moisture, at the rate of 1% bushels per acre. In some cases the land is packed after seeding. To those living where land prices are high and the rainfall ample, this practice of having one-half the land in summerfallow will seem like a very extravagant one, but I am satisfied that we will grow more wheat over a period of years and keep our land in better condition in this way than by the adoption of any other rotation. This system of farming is spreading throughout Western Canada and Montana, where similar soil and climatic conditions exist.

Wheat is our main crop, and the variety used is Marquis. While earlier ripening varieties are grown further north, Mar¬ quis is favoured on the open prairie. This variety does not shatter easily, a characteristic of great value where the combine is used. We pay particular attention to seed, and every three or four years a quantity of first generation Marquis is obtained from the best source available. This is sown on breaking if possible, and very soon we have a new stock of seed of strong vitality and the very best type.

Wheat is not every- While wheat is our main crop, still we thing. produce as much of our living as is pos¬ sible on the farm. We have a herd of Registered Holsteins, some hogs, a flock of Plymouth Rock hens, and rather feature a good farm garden.

The farm has gradually developed into a power farming proposition. In order to handle our work we have two tractors, and a full line of large machinery, including a truck and com¬ bine. Our large outfit of horses is kept steadily at work throughout the summer. We have a well equipped shop which enables us to do practically all our repair work, and overhaul our machinery during the winter months when work is slack on the farm.

Many changes have come over Western agriculture in the wheat growing areas during recent years. The tractor, large machinery, the auto, track and combine have changed life on the wheat plains of the west. What the future holds in store no one can foretell, but the western farmer is staying with his THE O.A.C. REVIEW

job and is trying to cut down the cost of production in the hope that before long there will be an improvement in economic con¬ ditions.

• «■ ■ r ■' -V*v~* A query answered. And now I come to the Editor’s query— how did I win a Master Farmer Certificate? It is obvious that it could not have been my ambition to win such a certificate, and it is equally true that I had no thought of trying to build up a show place or getting rich quickly. As I freighted my stock of chattels down over the old Medicine Hat- Battleford trail from Scott to the site of my newly acquired farm, a distance of 80 miles, an ambition gradually took form in my mind to build up a good farm and an attractive farm home. Well cultivated fields, and well equipped farms are usually ac¬ companied by fine farm homes. I have come to the conclusion that the man who sets out to ,build up a good home usually succeeds better even financially than the man whose primary object is the making of money. To make a real success of farming a man needs to love his work. If a man loves the great out-door life, good stock, well tilled fields, vast expanses of golden wheat, trees and flowers, farming is not a drudgery, but a source of real pleasure and genuine satisfaction. To make a success of farming a person needs to have certain definite plans and objectives, and then press steadily toward their accomplish¬ ment. Undoubtedly the college farm, and perhaps more parti¬ cularly the campus, with its lawns, drives, trees and flowers has been an incentive to me in my work. Possibly it is congruous that my old Associate Diploma and Master Farmer Certificate hang side by side on the wall of my den. Before closing I wish to say that the very fine assistance and co-operation of my wife, my two daughters and my two sons, have been a large factor in developing our farm to a point where we were awarded a Master Farmer Certificate and Medal.

(The above article was written at our especial request. Mr. Harvey is too modest a man to blow his own trumpet unless asked to do so, and obviously believes that advertisement should take the form of an artist’s signature to a portrait, not an empty blare from the house-tops—that men, institutions and nations are judged by what they achieve, not by what they say. Readers of the Review will join with us in thanking Mr. Harvey for the inspiration conveyed in his article.—Bd.) Times Have Changed

By Gordon Lindsay Smiih

UNLESS the Goddess of prosperity is really lurk¬ ing around the next corner, and goodness only knows we have rounded many turns in the last two years without discovering the least trace of her, we are in for a rather difficult period on the farm and elsewhere. Being naturally of a conservative disposition I have not come to this conclusion without a good deal of investigation. Advice has been sought in every possible quarter, but even the formerly most optimistic of leaders are beginning to agree that they know not whither we are drifting. In this event it would begin to appear that little may be expected in the way of change or improvement until either Soviet Russia admits her idea of doing things is a dismal failure or we acknowledge the superiority of her system and follow it. At present, however, both sides seem to be in much the same position as the opposing armies in Europe found themselves at the beginning of the second year of the Great War, dug in tight, and waiting for some Moses to lead them out of the wilderness. This being so,, and as this article is appearing in The Review, the logical step is to drag the Ontario Agricultural College into the discussion and discover how the institution can best conduct itself during the trench warfare ahead.

Old ideas must go Many of our old ideas will have to go by b v the board. the board. With the Government services •' * staffed to the gunwales, and with every member of the crew hanging on determinedly to jobs that are now superior in returns and safety to anything that brokerage houses, implement concerns, insurance companies and of course the farm can offer, there is not the same opportunity of the graduate securing one of these lucrative positions and marry¬ ing within a month of leaving Guelph. True there are a few agricultural problems still remaining to be solved, almost the same number in fact, as were itemized by the late M. T. Varro away back in 46 B.C. and places may be opened for one or two 164 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

favored sons from time to time. The old gentleman with the reaper, too, may clear the steps occasionally, although it must be remembered that our professional agriculturist is a remark¬ ably healthy individual. Generally speaking the golden era of four years at Guelph between the hard life of the farm and the other kind in the office of a benevolent Government seems to be at an end.

Times are hard and it is growing more difficult to meet taxes and mortgages. The difference in financial returns of the man on the land and the one who is supposed to be looking after him is so great as to make the latter person rather con¬ spicuous when he mingles with the crowd or mounts the public platform. If there was some method of reducing the number of agricultural students during these strenuous years, something might be arranged, but with the attendance at Guelph and similar institutions registering startling increases this is im¬ possible. We might as well face the fact that a large pro¬ portion of the present output will have to go back to the con¬ cession lines.

Are present methods Our argument, not having been refuted so of training satisfactryT far, the written word has some advantage over that spoken, the next step is to ex¬ amine the present methods of training. So long as the agri¬ cultural colleges were turning out men who did not have to depend on farming for a livelihood, the principles taught were of but minor importance. What was absorbed, merely had to stand the test of theory, and the graduate’s bread and butter was in no way concerned. No person in normal times would dispute the statement that one hundred of acres of level, clay loam soil, in, say Perth County, with big barns and a white brick house, was worth a great deal more than the same amount of rock, bush and water, with log buildings in North Hastings. There was no argument when farmers were urged to apply commercial fertilizer, to underdrain their lands, to use tractors instead of horses. With cheese worth twenty cents a pound at the factory and butter fat, forty, one was stating an obvious fact when he claimed that the cow giving 20,000 pounds of milk every year was more profitable than the one which refused to yield more than a good goat. In other words the old advice of growing two blades of grass or O.A.C. No. so and so where THE O.A.C. REVIEW 165

one grew before was absolutely invulnerable, so long as we could sell all we could produce, and sell it, too, at what now ap¬ pears to be handsome prices. But that time has passed. We don’t hear much about its passing in public utterances of our agricultural leaders, but you who have come fresh from the soil, know the truth. Moreover, we are beginning to entertain grave doubts in regard to the future. It is by no means certain that we will ever again be able to ship our growing surplus to the British market at anything like profitable prices, and if not there, what will we do with it? But to get back to our main story. For the time being, at least, the ancient beliefs are in ill repute. There is not a bit of doubt that a good location in North Hastings with lakes which still contain a few samples of the original habitants, and hills rugged enough to resemble mountains, would make more money for the owner to-day, particularly if his wife is a good cook, than the best farm land in Old Ontario. Certainly, with wheat at 45 cents, hogs at less than five dollars, vegetables and much fruit absolutely without a market, it would be a brave man who would urge farmers to apply expensive fertilizer and dig expensive drains, and if the dairies tell me they cannot handle more than half my milk, or if it is not worth more than a cent a pound gross at the cheese factory or creamery, why waste hours a day sitting on a three- legged stool.

Will old theories It begins to look as if other tactics will stand the test? have to be adopted by our agricultural teachers. Perhaps we have focussed the spot-light too long on the ulitarian side of farm life and neglect¬ ed the cultural. But, you may interject here, we have alreadv taken a step in this direction. At one of the College exhibits at the recent Canadian National Exhibition did we not have a funny little man, dressed in overalls and a straw hat, so that everyone would at once recognize him as a farmer, intimating to all and sundry that this was the time to beautify the old home. This is admitted, but the idea occurred to me before I set eyes on the exhibit, and as I have not had any other since, I am forced to stick to my original intention.

Even the most hard-boiled practical agriculturist, I think, will admit that no matter how much weight was on his side a few years ago, when even an old soldier settler had a chance of 166 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

making money, the present is inopportune to stress that end of the business. To my way of thinking, we have always erred too much in favor of the dollars and cents view; we have looked on farming only as a cut and dried business, and have scared many good fellows away, simply because they had not nearly the amount of cash they considered as an necessary minimum to commence farming. Hundreds have entered professional agricultural life with the intention of staying only long enough to amass the required capital, but usually before they achieve this objective they have come to the conclusion that perhaps they would do well to stick where they were. But again we are wandering in the past. Suppose we frankly admit to the young fellows now preparing for the future that we are by no means as certain as we were about our old theories, that while we hope for the best, we have received a rude shock, but regardless of complicated chemical formulas, more complicated govern¬ ment grades, the jumble of figures, words and tables that appear in scientific agricultural journals, theories behind the rise and fall in the prices of pigs, wheat and anything else the farmer has to sell, rural depopulation, and Danish co-operation, the farm is a mighty good place to live on. It is only here that we find any rural freedom, freedom to think and talk regardless of police and public opinion, freedom of crazy markets, because tlie food and shelter we produce for ourselves are always re¬ garded with the same esteem, freedom from overhead wires, aerials, unsightly poles and neighboring houses which obstruct our view of the setting sun, and play of lightning and the bend¬ ing of trees before the wind, freedom from jarring noises, from monthly bills, and from offices and shops which insist on daily attendance whether there is any reason or not. In short, only in the country, will we be able to achieve that absolute freedom whenever we desire it from those little vexations that have grown up with and largely compose our present system of massed living.

The farm is primarily And with such a text, what a wonderful a support for the course of teaching might be laid out. home. Properly done our young people would go singing back to the country where life would be fuller, more beautiful and constantly more interesting and satisfying as a result of their stay at Guelph. Instead of a few vegetables, a little fruit, a pig and perhaps a share in the local beef ring, and the rest of our efforts devoted to some un- THE O.A.C. REVIEW 167

certain cash crop like fall wheat or potatoes, the proceeds of which we would hope to be able to trade for other necessities, under the new agriculture we would emulate the pioneers or the present day French Canadian and look on our farm primarily as a support for the home, where we would produce every single thing we possibly could for our own use and with a little sur¬ plus in some things, we or our location, was particularly fitted to produce to barter for our other requirements. And this sur¬ plus, or cash crop, instead of being fall wheat, beans, tobacco, potates, canning crops, or any of the other present day worries, might be, like as not, tourist's, furniture, hooked rugs, paintings, carpenter work, lumber, flowers, or a hundred and one other things that might happen to work in with our skill, inclination or situation. We are going to lay stress on beauty, the ever changing beauty of the hills, the trees, and the water. We are going to discover that it is possible to find beauty as well as utility in a splendid horse, or cow, or bird. We must continue to encourage good literature and public speaking, so that having ceased to grouse over the price of eggs or hogs during the whole of our leisure hours we will be able to really enjoy our long evenings and frequent holidays. In fact this acquirement may be turned to practical account as a good story-teller is bound to attract more summer visitors to his tourist camp than the one who can only lament the passing of the old regime. We must not be afraid of politics and despite the government control of the Ontario Agricultural College, give our students a grounding in this interesting and popular subject.

The rural dweller We must point out the wide difference be- has many advantages. tween the restricted life in town with that possible in the country. It is common knowledge that not one person in a thousand in the large city can ever hope to possess unlimited range for his children, and dogs or ponies for the same, as well as fresh vegetables, fruit, fiesh air, tan, tomato juice, and abundant supplies of good milk, yet these are all possible to the rural dweller at practically no cost, or at least without the expenditure of cash. Tied down to a dusty desk in town we are fortunate indeed if we get one short fishing trip a year, while fall hunting and tramps through the bush in the winter are usually out of the question. If we wish to study wild life we must visit the park or zoo. But if we arrange our farm work in a sensible manner this sort of thing may be enjoyed as often as we desire. Luxuries such as mush- 168 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

rooms, chicken, turkey, asparagus, roses, peaches, melons, cider, maple syrup, green peas, and home cured ham, may be had at no more costs than potatoes and salt pork, and instead of worry¬ ing over coal, doctor’s and gas bills, when September rolls round, we are looking forward like the squirrels to that delightful period of making everything snug for the winter, of harvesting our own wood, storing our own fruit and vegetables, smoking our own meat, and of jaunts through the flaming woods, of open fires, pop corn and butter-nuts.

By producing the largest proportion of our own needs on a place where land and buildings with scenery and sport thrown in cost us a good deal less than a bare house in the city, we materially reduce our overhead, at the same time allowing our¬ selves and family to live properly. By raising the thousand dollars or so of cash actually needed every year to keep us com¬ fortably ahead of the poor house and bailiff, out of something, or better, several things we (really like to do and are fitted for doing, we avoid the drudgery of ordinary farm life, where a large part of our waking hours are spent worrying and looking after cattle, hogs, or various crops, of which we have not the slightest control in the matter of price.

As against the humdrum life in the crowded city we have here endless variety. We may design and alter our own house at will, we may have a summer cottage or tent on a favorite hill in the spring and fall, as well as in the summer. A tennis court or golf course of our own is quite possible, just as hunting in our own fields and bush, fishing in our own streams, and loafing under our own trees. Pets are inexpensive and do not annoy the neighbors. With the range of trees and flowers in Ontario we are able to satisfy every craving for color and crea¬ tive work of this sort, and with a vegetable and fruit garden giving us something every day from the time of the parsnips in March until the Brussell’s Sprouts in December, with the gap filled in from a well stocked cellar or pit, we should be able to satisfy this sort of a craving, too.

Agriculture in Canada To-day, agriculture throughout Canada faces a crisis. faces a crisis. To continue to produce sur¬ plus wheat, hogs, butter, fruit and vege¬ tables at the present prices spells peasantry, because only a man with a low standard of living and willing to work himself and his THE O.A.C. REVIEW 16.)

family from before dawn until long after the sun has ceased to shine in the West can hope to make more than the cost of pro¬ duction on most of these things. On the other hand, taught to look on the farm as a home, and possessed with the knowledge which throws a halo of science and adventure about the simplest tasks when one is working with seed, soil and bacteria, it is not at all necessary that we should abandon our beautiful country¬ side to millionaires and immigrants. Surely more attention might well be paid in the course at Guelph to those things which emphasize the dignity, independence, contentment, beauty and fullness of country life.

“The arts are nearer to the crafts, and the crafts are nearer to the soil, than any of them are to the ghaistly abstractions and wild unrealities of speculation and finance.”—G. K. Chesterton.

“The typical farmer is a lover of the land who hates being told what to do by any official or overseer. He nearly always works hardest when the lalnd which he tills belongs to him.”— Sir Horace Plunkett.

A time there was, ere England’s griefs began, When every rood of ground maintained its man; For him light labour spread her wholesome store, Just gave what life required, but gave no more; His best companions innocence and health, And his best riches ignorance of wealth.

Goldsmith. 0. A. C. Graduates at Home

No. 3. Mr. T. Shields ’22 of Peterboro Ontario

IN two previous articles a Review representative has described visits to the homes of OA.C. Graduates engaged in mixed farming. The one had a special market close at hand, the other was more or less dependent on prices in the open market. Next on the list comes a man with a specialized product marketed through a co-operative organization.

Eleven years ago, several men who had had considerable experience in beekeeping, and were sufficiently interested in ancient art to consider making it their life work, suggested that the Ontario Agricultural College should have an Apiculture Option, on an equal footing with Animal Husbandry, Agronomy, etc. Lec¬ tures in Apiculture had been given previous to this, of course, for the late Rev. Wm. F. Clarke used to talk about bees as early as 1895, and the Department of Apiculture was organized as such under Mr. Morley Pettit in 1908, but it was not till 1920 that un¬ dergraduates were allowed to take their degree in this subject.

Among these men were Mr. T. Shields, of whom we are writing, Mr. J. A. Munro, now State Entomologist for North Dakota, R. F. Waugh, Parks Commis¬ sioner at Ottawa, and W. A. Young, now a high school teacher.

Mr. Shields went into business in the neighbourhood of Peterboro’ immediately after graduation, and rapidly achieved a reputation for being a sound apiculturist. Now he is a director THE O.A.C. REVIEW 171 of the Ontario Beekeepers Association, and operates four apiaries in and around Peterboro’. A two year flutter in the garage business convinced him that no man can serve two masters, and that honey has a more stable market than gasoline if properly handled.

He finds that the farmers in whose orchards he keeps some four hundred hives appreciate having the bees, for they aid con¬ siderably in securing good pollination during blossom time.

The beekeepers of to-day, however, are suffering from the the same handicap which is paralyzing the producers of many agricultural commodit¬ ies, whether it be wheat in Canada, coffee in Brazil, or wool in Australia. Mal-distri¬ bution, under-consumption, or over-production, whatever you like to call the reason why an underfed world population can¬ not purchase the surplus supply of food products in certain countries has led to an accum¬ ulation of honey in storage which the Beekeepers Associa¬ tion is finding hard to market.

Mr. Shields put forward the following theory to ac¬ count for the surplus. As al¬ ways in a given community, whether small or large, the example of a producer who is seen to be making money, is Mr. Shields at Work in an Apiary f followed by a number of other producers who think they can emulate him. Until the market in that particular locality is saturated, and an export business is started, co-operative organizations are formed to take care of the surplus, and what happens? The members of the organ¬ ization disregard their local trade entirely and expect the asso- 172 THE O.A.C. REVIEW ciation to market all that they produce. In consequence the local demand, which formerly was supplied under as nearly a direct producer-to-consumer method as possible, drops away, or is supplied by the products of another association, whose advertising and salesmanship enables them to convince the consumer of the necessity for buying their product, whether they want it or not. The sum total of all these local losses makes a big difference to the whole industry, and the Associa¬ tion has to resort to the somewhat artificial methods of trying to create a demand by endeavouring to find new uses for honey, to get rid of the surplus.

To return to Mr. Shield’s home, however, which in reality was the subject of this article, and not an analysis of the diffi¬ culties of the beekeeping industry. He and Mrs. Shields live in a nice little house on the outskirts of Peterboro’, and have two thriving children. Mr. Shields was good enough to take the Review representative to one of his bee-yards, located at a farm some ten miles away, where a colony of bees were observed to be doing their business in a very satisfactory manner. Readers of the Review will watch the development of the honey producing industry in Ontario with renewed interest now that they know who is connected with it.

OBITUARY

As we go to press we sincerely regret to record two deaths which occurred during the first week in November.

LEWIS—On November 5th, at Ithaca, N.Y., of injuries re¬ ceived when struck by a motor car, Drew Rundall, elder son of Mr. and Mrs. Rundall McGill Lewis. Mr. Lewis graduated from the O.A.C. in 1921.

The Toronto Globe carried the following account of the death of Mr. J. H. S. Matson, in Victoria, B.C., on November 1st.

John Henry Samuel Matson, F.R.G.S., owner and publisher of the Daily Colonist, outstanding figure in the journalistic world and a man who was in the forefront of British Columbia business and transportation matters for the palst forty years, died sud-

(Continued on Page 204) THE O.A.C, REVIEW 173

A Group of College Bred Ram Lambs Sold at the Fall Sale.

Animal Husbandry Editor, B. J. McTaggart.

Success at St. Louis

We extend congratulations to the members of the dairy judging team, who represented Ontario at the National Dairy Show, for the high standing that they made in competition with representatives from twenty-three other Colleges. The members of the College Team were E. Needham, H. Pettit, E. Nephew, M. D. Shearer. In Holstein judging the Ontario boys won first place and in Ayrshires they were fourth. E. Needham stood ninth in the aggregate standing,, and also won first in Holsteins, and first in Ayrshires. Helrvey Pettit, with one point behind Needham, was twelfth in the competition-

Needham in particular deserves congratulation. We under¬ stand that he is the first Englishman ever to have gained a place on the judging team, and his performance thoroughly justified the choice. He is a native of Yorkshire, and has been in Canada five years. Yorkshire can send us as many more like him as that County of broad acres is able to spare. 174 THE O.A.C REVIEW

Much credit is also due to the members of the Animal Husbandry Department who trained the team. Success would have been impossible without the guiding hands of Professors Steckley, Raithby, and the others during the training period.

We shall look for still further success in Chicago.

THE NATIONAL HAIRY EXPOSITION AT ST. LOUIS, MO. E. N. Needham, ’32.

The National Dairy Exposition very amply demonstrates the amount and quality of dairy caittle breeding on the American Continent.

Here the best of the five leading dairy breeds in America compete for honours amidst strong competition.

The Arena, where the cattle are shown, is well worthy of mentioning, as it is a huge well-lighted structure with a seating capacity for 20,000 people around the tan-bark ring.

This year the Jersey breed had the largest number of entries —some 300 in all. Following this came the Holsteins, Guern¬ seys, Ayrshires, and finally the Brown Swiss.

With the judging competition over on the opening day of the Exposition, the O.A.C. team spent the remaining couple of days of their stay in following the judging of some exception¬ ally fine classes of stock.

A mature Holstein cow class of nearly fifty entries was quite an outstanding event, and nobody envied the judge, R. M. Iloltby, while he was selecting his top animals.

The fortunes of the Ontario entries in the Ayrshire and Jersey breeds were watched with interest. Glen Campbell Farms captured quite a major portion of the Ayrshire prizes.

Another outstanding feature was the keenness shown by the 4-H Club boys and girls in exhibiting their calves and heif¬ ers. These classes contained some excellent stock which were THE O.A.C, REVIEW 175

well filled, and shown by their young owners, and clearly de¬ monstrated the good work done by the 4-H Clubs.

Apart from the Exposition, the team visited amongst other places of interest, the vast stockyards at Chicago, and also the arena where the International Live Stock Exposition is held in November.

A GRATIFYING SALE

With an ideal day, a good sized crowd, and satisfactory prices, the sale this year proved very gratifying. Shortly after twelve o’clock the judging pavilion was filled to overflowing, and by four o’clock, some 146 animals went under the auctioneer’s hammer. Under present market conditions, one pleasing fea¬ ture was the firmness in the price of beef cattle and hogs.

That the quality of hogs being raised at the O.A.C. is widely recognized, is shown by the demand that there is for them at other colleges. The highest priced boar of the sale, a Tam- worth, went to the University of Alberta for $42.50; also an¬ other one at $40.00. The Michigan Agricultural College pur¬ chased a Berkshire boar at $40.00, as well as a Yorkshire at $37.50. The Experimental Farm at Ridgetown was also a pur¬ chaser of Yorkshires. Fifty Yorkshires sold for $1,267.50. Thirty Tamworths sold for $632.50, and nine Berkshires sold for $182-50. The highest priced sow, a Yorkshire, went to A. Shields & Sons, of Caistor Centre, for the sum of $55.00.

The highest priced Shorthorn male went to Dr. McKendrick, of Galt, for $210.00. This was the last son of the famous College Augusta 6th. In Shorthorn females, James Douglas and Sons, of Caledonia, secured a well bred Lancaster heifer for the top price of $200.00. Ten head of Shorthorns sold for $1,315.00. A two-year-old Shorthorn steer, weighing 1,225 lbs., was purchased by Amos and Black, Moffat, at 10%c per lb. Four Herefords went for $390.00; three Angus, for $210.00; and four fat steers for $439.20- A typy Angus steer, weighing 900 lbs., went to F. G. Todd, Lucknow, at 12c per lb.

Dairy cattle sales were somewhat below expectations. The top price in dairy cattle was realized for College Sylvius Posch, 176 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

a thirteen months old Holstein bull. This nice quality indivi¬ dual sold to La Ferine du Manior, St. Henri de Masouche, Quebec, for $225.00. Four Holsteins brought $525.00, and five Ayr- shires sold for $375.00.

The sheep offering, consisting of twenty-six ram lambs, sold for $402.50, with a Leicester ram lamb topping the sale at $27.50. This laimb went to the flock of Geo. B. Armstrong, of Teeswater. The Live Stock Branch, Toronto, was the heaviest buyer, securing in all eighteen head.

THE DAIRY PRODUCTS JUDGING TEAM

On Saturday, October 24th, the O.A.C. Dairy Products Judg¬ ing team, consisting of H. C. Christensen, S. G. de Jong and C. M. Hayes, left for Atlantic City to take part in the judging Competition, held in connection with the Dairy Industries Ex¬ position.

Accompanied by Prof. H. A. Smallfield as coach, the teaini travelled by train via Buffalo and Philadelphia, arriving in Atlantic City on Sunday. The team stayed at the Hotel Monte- cello, which was the headquarters for a)ll the teams in the contest.

The contest was held in the large Atlantic City Auditorium, beginning at 8 a.m., and continuing until 1 p.m. There were fcur classes, butter, cheese, milk, and ice cream, with seven samples in each class.

The Dairy Industries Exposition included a very elaborate exhibit of all kinds of dadry machinery and supplies, and proved to be a very interesting and instructive show. The teams were present for the impressive opening ceremony, conducted by Dr. Julius Klyne, of the United States Department of Finance. It was interesting to notice the optimism in the words of Dr. Klyne, who happens to be an authority on World Economics.

The team left Atlantic City on Tuesday night.

The placing was as follows: — THE ST. LOUIS JUDGING TEAM

Left to Right—Prof. Ra)ithby, H. Pettit, M. D. Shearer, E. Nephew, E. Needham, Prof. Steckley.

THE DAIRY PRODUCTS

JUDGING TEAM

(Left to Right)

Prof. Sproule, H. C. Christen¬

sen, C. Hayes, W. De Jong. 178 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

A By-Street in Vercheres

BETTER ENGLISH By Dr. 0. J. Stevenson

“There is no kind of antagonism between manual labour and a liberal life, or between a scanty purse and a full mind. Education must teach ns the only communism possible in this world, a communism in things spiritual and, intellectual. In other words, education must fit people for a day of twenty-four hours, and not merely for the hours they have to sell to somebody else. —GEORGE SAMPSON.

OF INTEREST TO GRADUATES

Our First and Second Years have this Fall organized Public Speaking Clubs, which meet once a week for discussion and debate-

We have now a College Glee Club, and later in the year they hope to put on a Glee Club Concert.

A College “Brrfcs Band” has been formed, and it headed the march-past of six hundred students on the day of the live¬ stock sale.

We are re-entering the inter-University Debating Union this year. THE O.A.C. REVIEW 179

The “Union Lit” is bringing a number of interesting speak¬ ers to the College this season.

The Dramatic branch of the Philharmonic Society have made plans for presenting a play this fall.

ON MAKING INTRODUCTIONS

One of our students recently asked me what he should say in introducing two people to each other. The simplest form is, “Mr. White, may I introduce Mr. Brown.” Do not under any circumstances say, “Mr. White, meet Mr. Brown.” There is something crude about this form of introduction, and upon hear¬ ing it you might be prepared for Mr. Brown’s reply, “Very pleased to meetcher, Mr. White.” The proper form for reply on most occasions is merely, “How do you do.”

JUST A COMMA

Punctuation is merely a help in interpreting the written or printed page. Commas or colons or daishes are merely stop signs in the reader’s highway, warning him when to slow up and when to come to a full stop.

Sometimes the use of a stop sign makes an important dif¬ ference in the meaning. It makes a difference if we say, “Freshmen who are good-looking,” and “Freshmen, who are good-looking.”

Some years ago the United States lost two million dollars in revenue in one year because of the wrong use of the comma. The statute should have read, that “all foreign fruit plants, such as bananas and oranges” were to enter duty free, but the printer put a comma after “fruit,” which changed the meahing entirely.

In Liverpool, too, a contract was made for “four thousand lamps of two spouts, each containing twenty threads.” The printer put a comma after “each” instead of before, and there was a; law suit in consequence.

You can get a lesson in punctuation from some of the examples in the old textbooks. Here is one that is hoary with age. Please punctuate it. 180 THE O.A.C, REVIEW

“Woman without her man would be a savage.”

You will' recall, too, the classic perpetrated by the illiterate sign painter:

“What do you think I’ll shave you for nothing and give you a drink.”

How did the barber punctuate this for his thirsty customers?

It does not do to leave the comma out of advertisements- Just think what this young lady would have been spared if she had only used a comma in her “ad!”

“A good stylish bicycle for sale by a young lady enamelled black aind geared to sixty-eight.”

And it is just as well to conclude with an agricultural example.

“Wanted a country girl to wash and milk one cow.” Just what was this girl expected to do?

A BY-STREET IN YERCHERES

It is half a century since the noble music of “O Canada” was written. The author was Calixta Lavallee, a gifted French- Canadian composer; and the song, which Lavallee called a “chant national”, was written for a religious festival in Quebec.

Lavalee was at that time thirty-eight years of age. As a child he was a musical prodigy. His father was a lute-maker of Vercheres, and as a boy of ten Lavallee appeared as a concert pianist in Montreal. At fifteen he toured the United States and South America, and at twenty he enlisted as a soldier in the American Civil War. Then he disappears from view for some years, but rea'ppears as a teacher of music and choir master in Montreal and Quebec. The five years that he spent in Quebec were happy years of creative work, and it was during this period that the music of “O Canada” was written. But soon the wan- THE O.A.C. REVIEW 131 dering spirit seized him again, and he toured the United Suites as concert pianist once more. He then took a position as a music teacher in Boston, and there he died “in poverty border¬ ing on wretchedness”.

The old stone house in which Lavalee was born is still standing, on a little side street in Vercheres, a stone’s throw from the main highway; and the traveller who turns aside to see it, if he be a true Canadian, must feel something of a subdued emotion as he stands before this humble dwelling. From tens of thousands of little schools that are scattered over “our fathers’ land” from the prairie to the sea, there rises every morning, day by daiy, the noble strain of the “chant national”, whose author first saw the light of day in this little by-street-

And as you turn back again to the main roadway you see below you on the shore of the great river the statue of Madeline de Vercheres standing on guard for the country that deep in their hearts both she and Lavalee so passionately loved.

—O. J. Stevenson. 182 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

COLLEGE LIFE

MISS AGNES McPHAIL

On Wednesday, October 21st, Miss Agnes McPhail, MP. for Grey County, gave an interesting address on “Disarmament.” Miss McPhail is assisting a world-wide campaign along the line, and is speaking to various bodies of young men and young women on this subject.

The reason for this campaign is that next February there is to be a Disarmament Conference in Geneva to decide on an international agreement whereby war between nations can be eliminated.

World conditions have reached such a state that something must be done. In 1919 the League of Nations forced Germany to resign, at the same time promising that the other nations of the world would follow suit. To the contrary the various na¬ tions have increased their armaments at a tremendous rate. At the meeting of the League this year, the German delegate pointed out that it is twelve years since a promise for disarma¬ ment was made, and so far nothing had been done. This state is hardly fair when we consider that the League of Nations is striving for a “formal unity of mankind.” Six years ago a com¬ mittee was formed to decide on some form of disarmament that would meet the approval of all nations. This year the members of the committee turned in their resignations, which were not accepted. They were told to go back and have some plan for the conference in February.

At present the various societies in Canada interested in this work are endeavouring to work up such a strong public interest that four of the best men in Canada will be our delegates to Geneva. We don’t want the heads of our war departments, but we want men who are unprejudiced and are willing to see a little sacrifice in the interests of mankind.

We don’t want war. Our Canadian boys did not fight “over there” for the love of fighting. They gave what they had in THE O.A.C. REVIEW 133 the hopes that world peace might prevail. Let us “take up the torch” for those who did not come back, and every Canadian back this world-wide Disarmament one hundred percent.

THE S.C.M. AT O.A.C. By 11. A. Stewart, ’33.

“Life moves forward smoothly and happily only when the right order of primary values is maintained.” T. Z. KOO, Vice-Chairman W S. C. F.

The Student Christian Movement of Canada, of which our own S.C.M. is a unit, attempts to bring students to a full real¬ ization of the primary values in life so that life many move forward smoothly and happily.

The Student Christian Movement in the O.A.C. holds the unique position, unique in S.C.M. circles, of having every student on the campus a paid member, said membership fee being col¬ lected as a regular fee on registration at the college. This sys¬ tem has many advantages and disadvantages, of which I will not speak here any more than to say that it places on the execu¬ tive the responsibility of arranging programmes, in which the whole student body may take part if it so desires. It is with this idea in mind that the programme this year is being arranged. To put a programme of this nature across most successfully re¬ quires the full co-operation of every member. We appreciate the support you have given us up to the present- We hope you have received something really worth while out of our meetings, and we feel confident that, with your support, we are going to have a very successful year as a Student Christian Movement.

Our programme this year might be divided into four main branches:

1. Chapel Service in Memorial Hall on Sunday.

2. Student Study Groups studying the Life of Jesus, with applications of His teachings.

3. Lectures by prominent men and women on topics which are vitally important to every student, and which every student is expected to attend. 184 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

4. Meetings, which are a combination of lecture and dis¬ cussion on subjects which deal with International Relations, Agricultural Missions, Student Conditions in other lands. Economic Problems, etc.

At our setting-up conference, which was held on our campus on October 3rd and 4th, it was decided that Chapel Service should be held every second Sunday and should be held in the morning in so far as it is possible to arrange speakers to suit. Occasion¬ ally, it may be necessary to have Chapel on Sunday afternoon in order to secure the speaker we wish. When this occurs, you will understand that it is some really outstanding speaker who is being brought in, and who can only be secured at this time. Special efforts should be made to attend these services. A mixed choir under the very abl'e leadership of Miss Aleta Smith helps to carry the singing and add some variation to the service. We appreciate very much the assistance Dr. Schofield has given us in securing men for our services who are devout and earnest Christians and who are leaders in their particular field-

Dr. Schofield is conducting a flourishing mixed study group, which meets every week in Macdonald Institute. Interest is particularly strong this year, and some excellent discussions are being brought out. Dr. Schofield has spent a great deal of time in preparing a special course for this year, and wants only those to attend who are interested and willing to follow it up week by week and thereby secure the full course. If you attend once, I am sure you won’t want to miss one meeting.

Little need be said about the value of having such popular people as Miss Agnes McPhail address us. Anyone who did not hear her interesting and challenging address in Memorial Hall on October 21st certainly does not know what he or she missed. The importance of the discussions which are arrived at by the World Disarmament Conference meeting at Geneva in February can hardly (be estimated. Miss McPhail gave us a flying start in our campaign to arouse student interest in this question of world-wide importance. The S. C. M. appointed a committee which organized a programme of education and circulated stud¬ ent petitions. These petitions have been circulated by every university in Canada, and this programme is worthy of your support- THE O.A.C. REVIEW 185

“Student Conditions in Formosa” was the subject of our first lecture-discussion meeting. Hugh McMillan, a returned mission¬ ary teacher from Formosa, talked to us for about half an hour, and then answered the many questions which were put to him. Interest seemed so strong when our hour was up that it was thought advisable to call another meeting on Sunday afternoon. We hope to have a number of similar meetings throughout the year, and if we can secure such leaders as Hugh McMillan the success of these meetings is already assured. During the last week in October, a campaign was organized to advertise the “Canadian Student,” the official organ of the Student Christian Movement of Canada. Many new subscrip tions were obtained, and we feel sure that those who subscribed will receive good value for their money.

A campaign is under way at present to secure the necessary finance to send three or four real live delegates to the Student Volunteer Movement Convention at Buffalo, December 30th, 1931, to January 3rd, 1932. If you are particularly interested in at¬ tending this convention, there is still time to make application to your executive. Applications must be off to New York by November 30th.

The S. C. M. is responsible for the sing-song in Mac. Hall every Sunday after supper; took its turn at “Grab” on October 25th, and performs many other little duties around the college which need not be mentioned here.

Speakers we had with us in the month of October are: Prof. McLeod, Professor of Theology, Emmanuel College, Toronto. Rev. Noel Palmer, Chairman, Inter-Varsity Christian Union, Toronto. Hugh McMillan, National Secretary of SiCjM., Toronto. Dr. Speakman, Director of Ontario Research Foundation, Toronto. Miss Agnes McPhail, M1. P. for South Grey. Dr. John Line, Victoria College, Toronto.

From this, I think you will agree that the Student Christian Movement is at least trying to do something this year. Helpful suggestions or constructive criticism is always appreciated by your executive.

“The S. C. M. can give you much, but only in proportion as you know her and work for her. Become acquainted with her and you will have made a contact valued throughout your college course.” —Students Handbook, 1930. 186 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

UNION LITERARY SOCIETY The Literary Society at the Ontario Agricultural College has come dangerously near to degenerating into a mere debat¬ ing society. As we scan the programmes of the past fifteen years we see a rise from an amalgamation of small societies to a position of eminence in the life of the College, with a varied programme of outstanding speakers and inter-collegiate debat¬ ing; then a steady decline set in; the Year ’26 lectureship was dropped, inter-collegiate debating was dropped, even the practice of arranging interesting programmes was dropped, until the inter-^year debate formed the main reason for the executive of the Literary Society. During the decline of executive initiative there was a cor¬ respondingly decline in the interest shown by the student body, and a turn-out of from one to two ^hundred wafs the usual occur¬ rence. The present executive feel that there is sufficient talent and appreciation of (the finer side of life to justify a more ambitious programme. An attempt is being made to restore the Literary Society to its old position of a leading organization on the College campus, and the turnout at the first meeting of the year has given the executive confidence in the possibility of carrying out their plans.

THE PHILHARMONIC SOCIETY The activities of the Philharmonic Society this season, have been broadened somewhat, in comparison with last year’s work. In addition to the Dramatic programme, greater encourage¬ ment is being given to the formation of a student band and orchestra. With this object in mind, the services of Mr. Grey, director of the Guelph Symphony Orchestra, have been procured, and good headway has been made considering the short time he has been coaching. Another attempt is being made to form a Glee Club, and this is being enthusiastically supported by the students; as many as seventy male students in addition to the girls, attend¬ ing the weekly practices, under the direction of Mr. Moss, who is organist and choir leader in the Dublin Street Church. It is hoped to prevent the Glee Club work from clashing with the operetta, and arrangements have been made for a Glee Club concert to be held next term. With regard to the Dramatics, the Society hope to put on their customary season’s programme of two plays and an THE O.A.C. REVIEW 187

operetta, but are being hampered somewhat from lack of funds; this deficiency being caused by reason of the drain on the financial resources by the previously mentioned activities and increased coaching expenses. It is hoped that the difficulty will be over¬ come with the assistance of the Faculty Committee and Phil¬ harmonic officers. For this term, William Archer’s “Green Goddess” is being produced on the 1st December. An excellent cast has been select¬ ed. For the Spring term, it is proposed to present, in addition to the Glee Club concert, both a play and an operetta. In sponsoring these activities, the Society is endeavouring to provide an opportunity for every student to participate in any branch of Philharmonic work that he or she may be in¬ terested in. -• Ted Needham. CAMPUS IMPROVEMENTS Mr. George White, Acting Provincial Architect, spent some time on the Campus on Wednesday, November 4th, making a study of the improvements under wafyr and making plans for additional improvements. It is hoped that the tunnel system now under construction, may be carried on from the Biology Building to the Dairy Building. Mr. White also authorized walks from the new Administration Building to Creelman Hall, Provision has been made for a large concrete plaza, in front of Creelman Hall, with the necessary walks connecting with Mills Flail and with the main walk leading to Macdonald Hall- The road near the new heating plant in being reconstructed. Plans are also under way for a new road leading from the Horticul¬ tural Building past the new greenhouses to the Service Build¬ ing. Walks will be installed connecting the new greenhouses with the walks in front of the new Horticultural Building. The contract has been awarded for the placing of concrete curb and brick gutter on both sides of the road in front of the new Ad¬ ministration Buildings and Mills Hall. Concrete curb and gutter will be placed on both sides of the road from this point to the Dundas Road, past Macdonald Institute. In order to provide for better landscaping near Macdonald Hall and Macdonald Institute, a new road is being placed at some greater distance from these buildings. On the recommend¬ ation of the Honourable the Minister of Agriculture, the Depart¬ ment of Public Works is doing a large amount of work on the campus in the hope of making this one of the beauty spots of the entire Province. 188 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

THE TORONTO BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY The Toronto Biochemical Society journeyed to the Ontario Agricultural College on Thursday, November 12th, for a meeting with the members of the College Staff. Dinner was served in Creelman at six o’clock. An excellent programme was arranged with the following high lights: Speeches by Dr. Taylor, De¬ partment of Physiology, University of Toronto; H. D. Branion and W. R. Graham, Jr., of the Pultry Department, O A.C., and N, J. Thomas, of Chemistry Department, O.A.C. There wats also discussion on the following subjects: Mineral feeding, pastures, vitamines and peculiarities of different cereals. The meeting was in charge of Drs. Kay and King, of the Toronto Medical School. --- Letters to the Editor

A JUSTIFIABLE COMPLAINT? To the Editor of the Review. SIR: — I graduated from the O.A.C. recently enough to remember many things which I heard while a student there. Not once, but many times, I heard that O.A.C. graduates should go back to the land. In their doing so, apparently lay the only salvation of agriculture in this province. Much impressed, I decided to do my duty. As a first move, I asked the Voice which had said most often, and most loudly, that the graduates should go on farms, what help was given to graduates who wished to buy farms, but who were, as most graduates are, unable to do so unassisted. I received the information that aid could be obtained from the Agricultural Development Board, which was most munificent when dealing with O.A.C. graduates. The Board, on the other hand, informed me that no special allowances were made to College graduates. It, with due regard to the safety of its money, considers all applications for loans in the light of the security offered. The light, in my case, would have been very dim, so I was forced to join the ranks of the job¬ hunters. I do not object to the Board looking after its money—that, perhaps, is its first duty—but I do object to being led to believe that the Board would be willing to make it easy for me, as a (Continued on page 192) THE O.A.C, REVIEW 189 ATHLETICS Paul Pittis, ’33, Editor.

FIELD DAY, OCTOBER 15th

Freshmen Win Track Meet—Mclnally is Track’s High Man, Scoring 24 Points.

Scores for the different Years were:—Freshmen, 53 points; Fourth Year, 42 points; Third Year, 33 points; Second Year, 24 points; O.V.C., 15 points.

Results ? Standing Broad Jump—1, Thorp, O.V.C.; 2, Mclnally, ’35; 3, McLean, ’35. Distance, 9 ft. 9 in. Discus Throw—1, A. Douglas, ’32; 2, Saunders, ’34; 3, West, ’33. Distance, 118 ft. 5% in. One Mile Run—1, Kendall, ’32; 2, Powell, ’34; 3, Thorp, ’35. Time, 5 min. 3 2-5 secs. Shot Put—1, Douglas, ’32; 2, West, ’33; 3, Wright, ’33. Distance, 35 ft- 11 ins. Jaivelin Throw—1, Saunders, ’34; 2,* Gfeller; 3, Conover, O.V.C. Distance, 127 ft. 9% in. Running Hop, Step and Jump—1, Wishart, ’33; 2, McLean. ’35; 3, Mclnally, ’35. Distance, 38 ft. 4 ins. 220 Yard Low Hurdles—1, Mclnally, ’35; 2, Van Diepen, ’34. Time, 31 secs. Running Broad Jump—1, Munroe, ’35; 2, Kendall, ’32; 3, Grey, ’33. Distance, 19 ft. 2% in. 100 Yard Dash—1, Mclnally, ’35; 2, McLean, ’35; 3, Blake, O.V.C- Time, 10 3-5 secs. Running High Jump—1, Allen, ’35; 2, Wright, ’33; 3, Mclnally, ’35. Height, 5 ft. 1 in. 220 Yard Dash—1, Mclnailly, ’35; 2, McLean, ’35; 3, Ken¬ dall, ’32. Time, 23 2-5 secs. Half Mile Run—1, Kendall, ’32; 2, Lundy, ’35; 3, Allen, ’35. Time, 2 mins. 20 secs. Pole Vault—1, McNiven, ’34; 2, Book, ’35; 3, Conover, O.V.C. Height, 9 ft. 8 ins. 440 Yard Dash—1, Kendall, ’32; 2, Mclnally, ’35; 3, Saund¬ ers, ’34- Time, 56 2-5 secs. 190 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

Mile Walk—1, Webster, ’32; 2, McTaggart, ’33; 3, Beau¬ champ, ’34. Time, 9 mins. 11 4-5 secs. 120 Yard Hurdles—1, McLean, O.V.C.; 2, Rutherford, ’33; 3, Mclnally, ’35. Time, 19 4-5 secs. Three Mile Run—McCarthy, ’33; 2, Rivaz, ’33; 3, Northcott, ’35. Time, 17 mins. 11 secs. Inter-year Relay—1, Year ’32; 2, Year ’34; 3, Year ’31. Mclnally was champion of short runs, and champion of the school; Kendall was winner of the long runs, and A. Douglas was winner of the weight events.

HELD DAY RESULTS Inter-Collegiate Intermediate Meet Western University retained the Intermediate Track and Field Championship at Hamilton on October 23rd, when she won six events to pile up a total of 61 points. The final standing was els follows: — Western, 61; Varsity, 44; McMaster, 25; O.AC., 5. Three new records were established. Lickers, of Western, completed the 3-mile run in 16.06 4-5; Ward, of Western, threw the discus 111 feet 9 inches, and Stewart, of Varsity, tossed the shot 36 feet 7 inches. Douglas, of O.A.C., was second in the discus throw, and McCarthy was third in the three mile.

Inter-Eaculty Harriers A ruling having been established that no O.A.C. men can compete in both the Inter-Faculty g;nd Senior Inter-Collegiate Harrier race, a second team was sent down to Toronto on October 31st, and diid extraordinarily well to take second place in a field of 80 starters. Having won the Brotherton cup for ten years in suceessing O.A.C. can well afford to let another Faculty win once in a while, though we shall expect the second team to start a new series nert year, after their splendid showing in this year’s race. O.A.C. men placed as follows: Kendall, ’31, 2nd; Allen, ’35, 10th; Boyle, ’35, 13th; Dalziel, ’33, 14th; Stoltz, ’33, 17th; Thompson, ’35, 20th; Meredith, ’33, 21st. Kibblewhite, of Wyeliffe, established a new record in the fast time of 30.7, Kendall’s time being 30.20 2-5. THE O.A.C. REVIEW 191

Senior Inter-Collegiate Harriers Their first official appearance in senior competition showed the O.A.C. team quite capable of holding their own. Good, of McGill, won the race in 28 mins. 3 4-5 secs over a 5 1-4 mile course. The results of the meet .were as follows: McGill and Varsity tied with 24 points each; O.A-C., 32 points; R.M.C., 63 points. Queens did not field a team. The placing of the O.A.C. team was McCarthy, ’34, 4th; Buchner, ’33, 7th; Garnett, ’32, Sth; Powell, ’34, 13th.

Rugby Accounts of these gslmes have appeared in both the daily press and the College weekly newspapers. We shall not devote any space to them other than to record the actual results. It seems unfortunate that a team should be put out of the running for a championship by losing only one game, but the rule is there and apparently nothing can be done about it. The McMrister game was played before the largest crowd ever seen on the college, estimated at about two thousand. An innovation was the playing of the O.A.C. brass band. Inter-year rugby was won by the Third Year, when they beat the Freshmen 9-0.

Soccer After beating Western decisively on the home ground, the O.A.C. first team suffered a bad reverse at London to lose 4-1, and were algain beaten at Hamilton, when McMaster managed to get two goals to our one, in a game where O.A.C. had eighty per cent of the play. We have yet to play McMaster on the home ground, and there is still a bare chance of winning the championship. The results were as follows: O.A C. 2, Western 1, at O.A.C. O.A.C. 1, Western 4, at Western. O.A.C. 1, McMaster 2, at McMaster.

RUGBY SUMMARY TO OCTOBER 81st

OA.C. I. Intermediate Inter-Collegiate October 4—O.A.C. 5, Varsity Orfuns 4- October 8—O.A.C. 13, Kitchener Panthers 11. October 17—O.A.C. 11, McMaster 6. 192 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

October 24—O.A.C. 32, Western 0. October 31—OA.C. 39, Western 2. November 7—O A.C. 3, McMaster 14.

O.A.C. II. Inter-Faculty Team

O.A.C. 14, Hamilton Central C. I. 6. O.A.C. 1, St. Michael’s 6. O A.C. 11, Victoria 8. O.A.C. 7, St. Michael’s 8.

O.A.C. III. Junior Inter-Collegiate

O.A.C. 0, Waterloo College 15. O.A.C. 2, Western 13. O.A.C. 6, Burlington C. I. 0.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR (Continued from page 188)

graduate, to finance a farm. I generally believe that it is hum¬ bug such as that which leads many O.A.C. men, who have spent time and money to become agriculturists, to give up agriculture and become life insurance salesmen, store-keepers, or some¬ thing equally as far from the field of endeavour for which they were trained. Yours, etc., - A RECENT GRADUATE. REDUCED FARES FOR NON-RESIDENT TEACHERS AND NON-RESIDENT STUDENTS By the authority of the Canadian Passenger Association, reduced fares will be placed in effect on Canadian Railways for the Christmas and New Year holidays for the benefit of non¬ resident teachers and non-resident students of Canadian schools and colleges. The special reduced fare wiill be first-class single fare and one-quarter for the round trip, and wiill apply from points where schools and colleges are located to destinations in Canada. The tickets may be purchased upon surrender to the local ticket agent of the Canadian Passenger Association Certificate Form 18, correctly executed by the applicant and Registrar of the school or college. Tickets will be good to commence journey within a period of three days before and three days after the closing date of the school or college, and wiill be valid to re¬ turn to the starting point until the day that the school or col¬ lege will re-open after the vacation period. THE O.A.C. REVIEW 193

Macdonald Editor, Mabel A. Newberry, *82.

A LETTER FROM JAPAN

YUKINO OGAWA

DEAR: — I was very glad to hear from you about your Canadian customs, and especially about your school. I dlways thought Canadian girls studied different things than we do. I would be glad if this would help you to introduce our Household Science School system to Canadian girls who are interested in it.

This school is under the control of our Government, and was established in 1922. Miss Sato, the former directress of this school, was sent to Europe to see their system in this line, and after her return from Europe, it was built alfter the style of European buildings.

In the first and second years, we learn more or less about housekeeping, but in the last year we study dietetics for hos- 194 THE O.A.C, REVIEW

pital work. In the first year we take cooking, sewing, child study, physiology, law, economics of the household, home nurs¬ ing, horticulture, textiles, psychology, foods and laundry. Be¬ sides these, lessons are given in music and arrangement of cut flowers.

Our sewing is very different from that of Canadians. We make kimonas of all kinds, Japanese skirts, coats and sashes. It is not easy to make these things all by hand.

Our time-table is well thought out, ^nd we have usually six periods a day, starting at nine in the morning, and finishing at four in the afternoon. We generally wear our kimonas, but some wear European clothes, as they are more convenient. We occasionally take European cooking, but we find that the tOble service is hard to remember, because we never serve our meals as they do. Everything seems quite opposite. For instance, we serve our tea at the beginning of the meal, but they serve it all at the end!

We also study Law, and we have a lecturer from the Imperial University of Tokio. We are quite interested in our Govern¬ ment’s problems, and sometimes have great arguments among ourselves after the lectures.

We also learn “Manners.” This may seem rather strange to you, but we have to do things properly and politely, for example, we learn how to walk in the house, how to entertain a guest, etc.

In the second year we take Education, Chemistry, Dietetics, Japanese Literature, Sewing, etc., and in the liatet year we take only a few subjects and more practical work. Our demonstra¬ tions are different from yours. Every month, mothers and young homemakers come to our school, and we demonstrate to them. We often learn a great deal from them, however. We are somtimes sent to cafeterials, hospitals, and other institutions to help and learn at the same time. It is hard work, but very exciting.

When I think of your Canadian friends learning and doing the same things as we do, it makes one feel that we are no longer strangers, but friends.

Yours sincerely, THE O.A.C. REVIEW 195

EVERYTHING IS GRIST FOR THE HAMMER MILL Wheat, Barley, Oats, Corn, Bone, Charcoal, Alfalfa, Clover, Straw, and other roughages are ground to the desired fine¬ ness by the Hammer Mill. This makes it much more suitable for farm work than the friction type grinder which is limited to grains.

Another point in favor of the Hammer Mill is that it grinds without heating the material.

With a Rowell Hammer Mill, sold by Massey-Harris, bal¬ anced rations can be prepared quickly and easily.

The swing type hammers used on these mills are pivoted from steel pins and should a stone, a piece of iron, or other substance enter the mill are allowed to swing back and let the object pass.

Made in four sizes, two for use with motors, and two for use with tractors.

o4sk your Local Massey-Harris Agent for Particulars

MASSEY-HARRIS CO. LIMITED ESTABLISHED 1047 TO HON TO • MONTREAL • MONCTON • WINNIPEG-BRANDON • REGINA • SASKATOON SWIFT CURRENT YORKTON-CALGARY- EDMONTON • VANCOUVER • Aqencies[very*her* 196 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

THE HALLOWE’EN CARNIV AL

One more Hallowe’en Dance passes into history, but this one begins a new chapter of its own.

The dance itself was sufficient credit to the second year, but they went one farther and in order to make it enjoyable for all, arranged for a Frolic in Macdonald Hall for those who pre¬ ferred not to dance. There is no doubt but that the Frolic was a step in the right direction, for attenders are reported to have experienced “a marvelous time, my dear!”

Certainly we have no complaints to make about the dance. Orchestra, decorations, programme—everything was unsurpass¬ able.

Congratulations, Sophomores!

MAC HALL COMMENTS

The Fall Term lias brought many, many changes to Mac¬ donald, for instance the front door has been closed for weeks, it seems, and a mighty broad ditch replaces the walk we used to travel on our way to Co-Op, Meals, or Chemistry. We have a Board Walk now, which winds all the way from the front entrance of the new Watson, past the north-east door, and if followed long enough will eventually take you to the Tooner- ville Trolley Depot, and from that point it is not so difficult to transfer to the Dining Hall. Several acres of grass has been rolled up, and the signs, “Keep off the Grass,” put away in moth¬ balls—but wtejit ’till spring, when the landscaping is finished, the front door open, a new broad walk, and well—a finer campus! Within the Hall are changes too! Every resident is awakened at 7.15 a.m., by the banging and clanging of a bell, so that she may go to Roll GC11 feeling fortified by a breakfast— in the days before the bell this could not always be said. Then there are times and occasions perchance, when a student may become so interested in a reference book, button-hole or sumpin’, that she may forget to eat—so the bell is rung before meals. Then perchance again, she may become so interested in—well most anything—that she may forget about Study Hour—so the bell is rung again. THE O.A.C, REVIEW

Winchester CIGARETTES

Blended Right!

20FOR25 198 THE O-A.C. REVIEW

Yes, and speaking of bells reminds me of gongs—and fire- drill! Of course the idea of Fire-Drill isn’t a new one, but then you haven’t seen us drill. The first thought isn’t of “women and children first,” but rather, “where’s my white blanket?” And then there is hurrying and scurrying from floor to floor, tea psirties interrupted, studying stopped, even sound slumber disturbed, while every last resident seeks safety on the “side¬ walks of Mac Hall.”

Graduates will find it hard to picture “Westin” without thinking of Miss C-ruikshank patiently guiding student after student through such a maze of intricacies as double mitreing the corner, measuring the flour and setting the table. For eleven years she hefs attended to all these little details in such a manner that even when the horrible time we burned some¬ thing is forgotten, the influence of her quiet, gracious manner will remain. Of course it will seem strange at first without Miss Cruikshank at the helm in the Apartment, but there are these two nice things about it—first, we’ll see more of our Directress from now on, which in itself is a pleasure, and secondly, we are very happy to welcome Miss Flail, who is taking over the supervision of “Westin.”

The Hallowe’en celebrations were changed somewhat this year, and consisted of Banquet, Frolic and Dance. One of the m >st. enjoyable features of the week-end was the welcoming of Grads—and listening to their experiences in hospital, school and Varsity.

Hearing these stories reminds us of the last big change, one which we think of with regret, and which has already “cast its shadow before us”—Graduation! This month saw the com¬ pletion of photographs and biographies after considerable per¬ suasion on the parts of the editors.

F. Marshall. THE O.A.C. REVIEW 199

Tractor Prices Are Lower Than Ever . . . and Gasoline is Cheaper Than Horse Feed

Analysis of thirty-eight farmers’ crop cost records proves that if a man could get all his horse feed for nothing; it would still cost him more to use horses than to use a tractor. Horses eat every day the year around; the tractor asks for fuel only when it’s working.

International Harvester offers tractors today at prices lower than ever before. While the prices of commodities are considerably increased today over the 1913 level, McCormiek-Deering tractor prices are now about forty per cent, lower than in 1913. And these much lower prices are for a very much better farm power plant in every way.

In the important matter of fuel costs and tractor upkeep, the advantage is ad on the side of the tractor. Corn, oats, and hay are now at the same levels as in tho 1921 depression, but gasoline todays shows a very decided drop in price from the low point of 1921. Gasoline fuel for tractor operation costs much less today than the hay and grain consumed by horses doing the same work.

Labor is the big item in farm production costs. One man with a tractor, doing from two to four times as much work in a day as another man with a team of horses, has in his control the most powerful wedge to widen the gap between cost and selling price—and that means PROFIT.

McCormick-Beering tractors are to be had on easy terms. See the McCormick- Deering dealer about the soundest investment for the farm.

International Harvester Company OF CANADA ^ HAMILTON CANADA McCormiek-Deering 15-30 «- FARM ALL io-zo

Please mentiou the 0 A C. REVIkW when answering Advertisements THE O.A.C. REVIEW

ALUMNI NOTES

98 Davis, A. M., is a prospector living at Cobalt, Out.

’00 Crerar, A. IT., is farming at R. R. No. 2, Hensall, Ont.

’05 Brereton, F. E., is living at 76 Rosemount Ave, Toronto, Ont.

’13 Darling, E. H., (not a graduate), is lliving at 819 Pine St., Lake Worth, Florida.

*14 Neelands, C. F., is Deputy Provincial Secretary, Parliament Buildings, Toronto, Ont.

T6 Clark, G. A., is Sales Manager for the Cockshutt Plow Co., Brantford, Ont-

T8 Merrick, Rex, (not a graduate), is engaged in Advertising work in Toronto. His address is 110 Admiral Road, To¬ ronto, Ont.

’21 Ireton, A. G., is engaged in Extension work with the Sheep Division, Dominion Live Stock Branch, Ottawa.

’22 Edwards, Miss M. S. T., is now Mrs. F. W. Addison, and is living at Mannville, Alta.

’23 Disbrowe, H. B., is attending the Ontario College of Educa¬ tion, Bloor St., Toronto, Ont- Murray, H. R., is Assistant Professor of Horticulture at Macdonald College, Quebec. THE O.A.C. REVIEW 20!

We’re Meeting the Farmer

HALF WAY

£* INCE October, 1929, the average price level of ™ live stock products has dropped approximately 40 per cent. That may not be news to the agricultural men—but perhaps this is:

Since October, 1929, the average price level of Purina Chows has dropped 41 per cent.

Figures published by the Dominion Bureau of Statis¬ tics show that, during the same two-year period, the average reduction in prices/ of manufactured goods (including all manufactured articles which the farmer must buy) has been less than 25 per cent.

^ We feel justifiable pride in being numbered among the few who have matched the decline in farm produce prices with an equal reduction in the prices of farm supplies—while maintaining the quality of our products at par. We believe we are doing our bit toward restoring business to an even keel. ptmuiit

Woodstock • Toronto - Montreal 202 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

’25 Owens, D. R., is pursuing Graduate work at Queen’s Uni¬ versity, Kingston, Ont. His home address is Ranier, Alta.

’26 Reynolds, J., (not a graduate), is an Insurance Agent at Port Hope, Ont. Watson, A. W., is living at 65 Maple Ave., Guelph, Ont.

’28 McCague, G. A-, is with the Wellington Packers, Harriston, Ont.

’29 Ford, H. L., is a Swine grader for the Dominion Live Stock Branch, at Barrie, Out. Kerr, L. M., is Assistant Agricultural Representative, On¬ tario Department of Agricultural, Newmarket, Ont. Ramsbottom, J. M., is pursuing Graduate work in the Animal Nutrition Department, Iowa State College, Ames, Iowa. Sykes, J. F., is pursuing Graduate work in the Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Toronto. Wood, E..I-, is pursuing Graduate work in Landscape Gard¬ ening in the Department of Horticulture, Cornell Univer¬ sity, Ithaca.

’30 Banks, E. A. H., is pursuing Graduate work in the Depart¬ ment of Horticulture, Michigan State College, East Lans¬ ing, Mich. Griffiths, M. G., is Assistant Director of Athletics, St. An¬ drews College, Aurora, Ont. Hewer, D. G., is Assistant in the Bacteriology Division, Cen¬ tral Experimental Farm, Ottawa. Hull, G., is teaching at the Etobicoke High School, Mont¬ gomery, Road, Islington, Ont. Mcllraith, J. J., is engaged in Poultry Extension work with the Poultry Department, O.A.C., Guelph. Pett, L. B., is Fellow in Zymology, in the Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto.

’31 Adams, J. A., is pursuing Graduate work in the Department of Zoology and Entomology, Iowa State College, Ames. Iowa. Robertson, D. H., is with Gunn and Langlois, Clinton, Ont Thompson, R. G., is Assistant Superintendent of the Prospect Cemetery, Toronto- His home address is 1460 St. Clair Ave. W., Toronto. THE O.A.C. REVIEW 203

Tell the “SHORT COURSE” Chaps about this Good Habit—

You regular students who long have been members of the Bar-a-Day Club should let the Short Course folk in on this good idea too. Energy and enjoyment for all in this JERSEY delightful example of the chocolate maker’s MILK. art. CHOCOLATE

THE BEST MILK CHOCOLATE MADE

ChocolateBars

Worm Capsules FOR CHICKENS AND TURKEYS

Easy To Give

TREATMENT

.4 Parke-Davis Product

QUICK ACTION—LOW COST PRACTICALLY NO SET-BACK Poultry mew have long felt the need for a worm capsule that would really kill large Roundworms and Tapeworms in Chickens and Turkeys at one treatment. After 20 years search for a pro¬ duct of this kind, Parke, Davis & Co. produced C-A Worm Capsules which are meeting with great favor. Free bulletins on request. Parke, Davis & Company Montreal, Que. Walkerville. Ontario Winnipeg, Man. 204 I THE O.A.C. REVIEW

“QUALITY 31% PICTURES” Compounded half-yearly on all savings. $1.00 Opens an Account The kind WE make, with all

Office hours—9.30 to 4. that the word quality Saturdays—9.30 to 12.30 implies GUELPH and ONTARIO INVESTMENT and SAVINGS SOCIETY George D. Forbes J. M. Purcell The Kennedy Studio President Managing Director

Office: Corner Wyndhetm and Lower Wyndliam Phone 498 Cork Streets, Guelph. Makers of “Quality Portraits’’ Safety Deposit Boxes to rent

The Royal City Press

Printers

53 MACDONELL STREET PHONE 1414

DEATH OF MATSON (Continued from Page 172) denly here shortly before noon today. Overcome by a heart attack as he was about to enter his automobile at his residence, West Bay, Esquimalt, he died a few minutes later in his home. Mr. Matson was born April 21, 1869, in York County, Ont. He was educated at Pickering College, Day’s Commercial Col¬ lege and the Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph. After engag¬ ing in the lumber business in Michigan, he came to British Col¬ umbia in 1889, and entered business here as an insurance and general broker, having Sir Arthur Currie as a junior partner for a part of his business career. There aire two sisters, Mrs. D’Arcy Hinds of Toronto, and Miss Matson, also a resident of Ontario.

BIRTHS WHITELOCK—To Mr. and Mrs. J. E. Witelock, in Toronto, on Friday, November 6th, a son, James Lascelles. THE O.A.C, REVIEW 205

Wwv? We would like more 3Iac Hall and O.A.C. WHEN PLANNING YOUR YEAR business. BANQUETS Because our prices on Diamonds, Watches, Jewellery, Silverware, Prize Cups FOR THE BEST and Medals are better than elsewhere. Let us show you or goods before you purchase. MEATS and POULTRY Our Watch, Clock, Jewellery and Pin repair departments will give you prompt HALES’ MEAT MARKET service and satisfaction. SMITH & MAHOIMEY 75 Quebec St. Phone 1754J

“The Market of Better 3Ieats”

Phones 238-239 Free Delivery

High Grade Printing COSFORD’S SPECIALTY BOOT SHOP For Society and Social Functions Artistic and Unique Designs Footwear for every occasion Commercial and Book Printers Sport, Walking and Dress. Expert Foot Fitting. The Wallace Printing Co. Ltd. 99 WYNDHAM ST. 45-47 Cork Street GUELPH

SHOES REPAIRED by the GOODYEAR WELT SYSTEM D. CAMPBELL Programmes 51 QUEBEC ST. GUELPH Letterheads and Envelopes, Cards Prompt Service Invitations, Menus, etc., artisti¬ cally designed and neatly Burnell Binding and Printing printed Company Kelso Printing Co. BOOKBINDERS, PRINTERS Fine Job Printers LOOSE LEAF SUPPLIES TOVELL’S BLOCK GUELPH Gold Stamping on Club Bags, Cases, etc. 89 Quebec Street PHONE 1107

w. r. McCartney EXPERT 3IETAL WORKING Maker O. A. C. High Grade Sweater Coats in Copper, Brass, Aluminum, Iron & Tin To your measure Roofing & Slating Whn you buy from the advertiser you buy from the Maker H. OCCOMORE Phone 304931 297 Woolwich St. Phone 560 80 Norfolk St. Guelph Cor. London Road.

“Say It With Flowers” ARTISTIC FLORAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR EVERY NEED TAIT OPTICAL CO. (itlriirafn Ifflnum: 0PT03IETRISTS—OPTICIANS Member of Florists’ Telegraph Association 110 AVYNDHA3I ST.—PHONE 2108 Phone 436 St. George’s Square 206 THE O-A.C. REVIEW

THE DOMINION BANK

Established 1871

Complete Banking Facilities i and efficient service assured. A SUPERFINE LINEN WRITING PAPER We Invite Accounts of the CANADA’S FINEST Staff and Students

WRITING PAPER SAVINGS DEPARTMENT

can be had with College Crest Interest allowed on deposits and paid embossed on each sheet or added to accounts twice a year.

For Sale GUELPH BRANCH, A. H. Bazett, Manager. By THE STUDENTS’ Co-operative ASSOCIATION Ontario Agricultural For the Future College Bride MANUFACTURED IN CANADA After she has made you happy By with one little word, make her happy by choosing the cherish¬ ed token from our special dis¬ WARWICK BROS. play of Engagement Rings. & $25 to $500 RUTTER, Limited Savage & Co. Leading Jewelers TORONTO GUELPH I- THE O.A.C. REVIEW 207

BONDS

We are now featuring 1847 Rogers, Wm. Rogers and Community Plate Silverware at greatly reduced prices Electric Irons, Toasters, Percolators and Heating Pads Wiss Shears, Millinery Pliers and Cutlery Reach Sporting Goods, Slazenger Tennis Racquets Naphtha Gasoline, the odorless Gas for Cleaning

PHONE 1012 PHONE 1012 THE BOND HARDWARE CO. Ltd.

Music and Radio Stork

33 WYNDHAM ST .

Feature- The Latest Popular Songs

Orchestra and Band Instruments

New Victor Records

Radio and Radio Service

The Bell Art Piano 208 THE O.A.C. REVIEW

Purpose!

The great deeds of history were inspired by great purpose, but man without a definite goal is like a ship without a rudder. Put purpose into your life through systematic saving. There is no better time to start than now! No better place than here!

Let our Budget Boo\ chart your course—as\jor a copy The Royal Bank of Canada

Guelph Branch R. H. Harvey, Manager