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NOT DATA LEAST NEAR CRITICALLY EXTINCT VULNERABLE ENDANGERED EXTINCT EVALUATED DEFICIENT CONCERN THREATENED ENDANGERED IN THE WILD NE DD LC NT VU EN CR EW EX

K/͗ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬĚdž͘ĚŽŝ͘ŽƌŐͬϭϬ͘ϭϭϲϬϵͬ:Ždd͘ŽϰϮϯϳ͘ϳϵϰϬͲϰͮŽŽĂŶŬ͗ƵƌŶ͗ůƐŝĚ͗njŽŽďĂŶŬ͘ŽƌŐ͗ƉƵď͗ϴ&ϴϴϵͲϴϳϰͲϰϭ&ͲϴϴϱͲϰϵϵϴ

ĚŝƚŽƌ͗ZĞƵǀĞŶzŽƐĞĨ͕ĞŶ'ƵƌŝŽŶhŶŝǀĞƌƐŝƚLJŽĨƚŚĞEĞŐĞǀ͕ŝůĂƚĂŵƉƵƐ͕/ƐƌĂĞů͘ ĂƚĞŽĨƉƵďůŝĐĂƟŽŶ͗ϮϲKĐƚŽďĞƌϮϬϭϱ;ŽŶůŝŶĞΘƉƌŝŶƚͿ

DĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚĚĞƚĂŝůƐ͗DƐηŽϰϮϯϳͮZĞĐĞŝǀĞĚϮϲ&ĞďƌƵĂƌLJϮϬϭϱͮ&ŝŶĂůƌĞĐĞŝǀĞĚϮϮ^ĞƉƚĞŵďĞƌϮϬϭϱͮ&ŝŶĂůůLJĂĐĐĞƉƚĞĚϮϲ^ĞƉƚĞŵďĞƌϮϬϭϱ

ŝƚĂƟŽŶ͗WĂƚĞů͕:͘Z͕͘^͘͘WĂƚĞů͕^͘͘ZĂƚŚŽƌ͕:͘͘WĂƚĞů͕W͘͘WĂƚĞůΘ͘'͘sĂƐĂǀĂ;ϮϬϭϱͿ͘EĞǁĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶƌĞĐŽƌĚŽĨƚŚĞ&ŽƌĞƐƚKǁůĞƚ,ĞƚĞƌŽŐůĂƵdžďůĞǁŝƫ,ƵŵĞ͕ϭϴϳϯ;ǀĞƐ͗ ^ƚƌŝŐŝĨŽƌŵĞƐ͗^ƚƌŝŐŝĚĂĞͿ͕ŝŶWƵƌŶĂtŝůĚůŝĨĞ^ĂŶĐƚƵĂƌLJ͕'ƵũĂƌĂƚ͕/ŶĚŝĂ͘Journal of Threatened Taxaϳ;ϭϮͿ͗ϳϵϰϬʹϳϵϰϰ͖ŚƩƉ͗ͬͬĚdž͘ĚŽŝ͘ŽƌŐͬϭϬ͘ϭϭϲϬϵͬ:Ždd͘ŽϰϮϯϳ͘ϳϵϰϬͲϰ

ŽƉLJƌŝŐŚƚ͗ ©WĂƚĞůĞƚĂů͘ ϮϬϭϱ͘ƌĞĂƟǀĞŽŵŵŽŶƐƩƌŝďƵƟŽŶϰ͘Ϭ/ŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂů>ŝĐĞŶƐĞ͘:ŽddĂůůŽǁƐƵŶƌĞƐƚƌŝĐƚĞĚƵƐĞŽĨƚŚŝƐĂƌƟĐůĞŝŶĂŶLJŵĞĚŝƵŵ͕ƌĞƉƌŽĚƵĐƟŽŶ ĂŶĚĚŝƐƚƌŝďƵƟŽŶďLJƉƌŽǀŝĚŝŶŐĂĚĞƋƵĂƚĞĐƌĞĚŝƚƚŽƚŚĞĂƵƚŚŽƌƐĂŶĚƚŚĞƐŽƵƌĐĞŽĨƉƵďůŝĐĂƟŽŶ͘

&ƵŶĚŝŶŐ͗EŽŶĞ͘

ŽŶŇŝĐƚŽĨ/ŶƚĞƌĞƐƚ͗dŚĞĂƵƚŚŽƌĚĞĐůĂƌĞƐŶŽĐŽŵƉĞƟŶŐŝŶƚĞƌĞƐƚƐ͘

ĐŬŶŽǁůĞĚŐĞŵĞŶƚƐ͗dŚĞĂƵƚŚŽƌƐǁŽƵůĚůŝŬĞƚŽƚŚĂŶŬƚŚĞŚĂǀĂůWĂƚĞůĂŶĚǀŽůƵŶƚĞĞƌƐŽĨsŽůƵŶƚĂƌLJEĂƚƵƌĞŽŶƐĞƌǀĂŶĐLJ͕sĂůůĂďŚsŝĚLJĂŶĂŐĂƌĨŽƌĐŽŶƐƚĂŶƚƐƵƉƉŽƌƚ ĂŶĚƉƌŽǀŝĚŝŶŐĨĂĐŝůŝƟĞƐǁŚŝůĞǁƌŝƟŶŐƚŚŝƐŵĂŶƵƐĐƌŝƉƚ͘

ϳϵϰϬ New record of Forest Owlet Patel et al. tĞƐƚĞƌŶ'ŚĂƚƐ͘ƵƌƌĞŶƚůLJƚŚĞƉŽƉƵůĂƟŽŶŝƐĞƐƟŵĂƚĞĚ ƚŚĞŝƌďĞŚĂǀŝŽƵƌ͕ŝ͘Ğ͕͘ƌĞŵĂŝŶŝŶŐĐůŽƐĞƚŽĞĂĐŚŽƚŚĞƌĂŶĚ ĂƚϱϬʹϮϰϵŵĂƚƵƌĞŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂůƐ͕ǁŝƚŚĂƚŽƚĂůĞƐƟŵĂƚĞŽĨ ŶŽŶ ĂŐŐƌĞƐƐŝŽŶ ƚŽǁĂƌĚƐ ĞĂĐŚ ŽƚŚĞƌ͕ ǁĞ ŝŶĨĞƌ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ĂƉƉƌŽdžŝŵĂƚĞůLJϳϱʹϰϬϬŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂůƐ;ŝƌĚůŝĨĞ/ŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂů ƚǁŽǁĞƌĞĂƉĂŝƌ͘,ŽǁĞǀĞƌ͕ŽǁŝŶŐƚŽƚŚĞĚŝƐƚĂŶĐĞĂŶĚ ϮϬϭϱͿ͘  dŚĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ ŝƐ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞĚ ƚŽ ďĞ ĚĞĐůŝŶŝŶŐ ĂƐ Ă ƚŚĞ ƵŶĐůĞĂƌ ƉŝĐƚƵƌĞƐ ǁĞ ǁĞƌĞ ƵŶĂďůĞ ƚŽ ŝĚĞŶƟĨLJ ƚŚĞŝƌ ƌĞƐƵůƚŽĨŚĂďŝƚĂƚůŽƐƐŽĨƚŚĞĚĞĐŝĚƵŽƵƐĨŽƌĞƐƚƐ;ŝƌĚůŝĨĞ ƐĞdžĞƐ͘ŌĞƌǁĂƌĚƐǁĞĐŽŵƉĂƌĞĚŽƵƌĮĞůĚŽďƐĞƌǀĂƟŽŶ /ŶƚĞƌŶĂƟŽŶĂů ϮϬϭϱͿ͘  ĞƐƉŝƚĞ ƐŽŵĞ ĞdžƚĞŶƐŝǀĞ ďŝƌĚ ĂŶĚƉŚŽƚŽŐƌĂƉŚƐǁŝƚŚƚŚĞĂǀĂŝůĂďůĞĮĞůĚŐƵŝĚĞƐ͕ǁŚŝĐŚ ƐƵƌǀĞLJƐ ŝŶ ƌĞĐĞŶƚ ƟŵĞƐ ;^ŝŶŐŚ ϮϬϬϬ͖ dƌŝǀĞĚŝ ϮϬϬϯ͕ ĐŽŶĮƌŵĞĚƚŚĂƚƚŚĞďŝƌĚƐǁĞƌĞ&ŽƌĞƐƚKǁůĞƚƐ;'ƌŝŵŵĞƩ ϮϬϬϰ͖dƌŝǀĞĚŝΘ^ŽŶŝϮϬϬϲ͖DĞŚƚĂĞƚĂů͘ϮϬϬϳͿŝŶƐĞǀĞƌĂů Ğƚ Ăů͘ ϭϵϵϵͿ͘  dŚĞ ĂƌĞĂ ŽĨ ƐŝŐŚƟŶŐ ŝƐ Ă ĚŝƐƚƵƌďĞĚ ĂƌĞĂ ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ&ŽƌĞƐƚKǁůĞƚŚĂďŝƚĂƚƐŽĨ'ƵũĂƌĂƚ͕ƚŚĞƌĞǁĞƌĞŶŽ ĚŽŵŝŶĂƚĞĚ ďLJ ƉĂĚĚLJ ĮĞůĚƐ͕ ŚƵŵĂŶ ƐĞƩůĞŵĞŶƚƐ͕ ĂŶĚ ĐŽŶĮƌŵĞĚƌĞĐŽƌĚƐŽĨ&ŽƌĞƐƚKǁůĞƚƐĨƌŽŵ'ƵũĂƌĂƚ͘,ĞƌĞ ƐƵƌƌŽƵŶĚĞĚďLJĨƌĂŐŵĞŶƚĞĚĚƌLJĚĞĐŝĚƵŽƵƐĨŽƌĞƐƚƉĂƚĐŚĞƐ ǁĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚƚŚĞĮƌƐƚĐŽŶĮƌŵĞĚƌĞĐŽƌĚŽĨ&ŽƌĞƐƚKǁůĞƚƐ ǁŝƚŚĂĨĞǁŽƚŚĞƌƚƌĞĞƐŽĨdĞĂŬ͕DĂŚƵĂ Madhuca indica͕ ĨƌŽŵ WƵƌŶĂ tŝůĚůŝĨĞ ^ĂŶĐƚƵĂƌLJ ;ϮϬϬϱϭ͛EʹϳϯϬϯϮ͛ Θ ,ĂůĚƵ Haldina cordifoliaĂŶĚ<ŚĂŝƌ Acacia catechu ;/ŵĂŐĞ ϮϭϬϯϭ͛EʹϳϯϬϰϴ͛Ϳ͕ĂŶŐŝƐƚƌŝĐƚ͕'ƵũĂƌĂƚ͘ ϭͿ͘ůƚŚŽƵŐŚǁĞĐŽƌƌĞĐƚůLJŝĚĞŶƟĮĞĚƚŚĞďŝƌĚĂŶĚǁĞƌĞ KŶ ϭϰ EŽǀĞŵďĞƌ ϮϬϭϰ͕ ǁŚŝůĞ ƚƌĂǀĞůůŝŶŐ ŽŶ Ă ĂďůĞƚŽƚĂŬĞƉŚŽƚŽŐƌĂƉŚƐ;/ŵĂŐĞϮͿ͕ƚŚĞƉŝĐƚƵƌĞƐǁĞƌĞ ŵŽƚŽƌďŝŬĞ Ăƚ ϭϳ͗ϮϬ ŚŽƵƌƐ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ŶŽƌƚŚĞƌŶ ƌĞŐŝŽŶ ŽĨ ŶŽƚ ŐŽŽĚ ĞŶŽƵŐŚ ƚŽ ĐŽŶǀŝŶĐĞ ŽƚŚĞƌ ŽƌŶŝƚŚŽůŽŐŝƐƚƐ͘  /Ŷ ƚŚĞ WƵƌŶĂ tŝůĚůŝĨĞ ^ĂŶĐƚƵĂƌLJ͕ ĂŶ ŽǁůĞƚ ŇĞǁ ŝŶ ĨƌŽŶƚ ŽƌĚĞƌƚŽĨƵƌƚŚĞƌĐŽŶĮƌŵƚŚĞŽĐĐƵƌƌĞŶĐĞŽĨƚŚĞƐƉĞĐŝĞƐŝŶ ŽĨƵƐ͕ĐƌŽƐƐĞĚƚŚĞƌŽĂĚĂŶĚƐĂƚŽŶĂďƌĂŶĐŚŽŶƚŽƉŽĨ ƚŚĞƌĞŐŝŽŶ͕ĂŶĚƚŽĂĐƋƵŝƌĞŐŽŽĚƉŚŽƚŽŐƌĂƉŚŝĐĞǀŝĚĞŶĐĞ͕ ĂdĞĂŬdƌĞĞTectona grandis͘tĞĐĂƌĞĨƵůůLJŽďƐĞƌǀĞĚŝƚƐ ǁĞ ĂŐĂŝŶ ǀŝƐŝƚĞĚ ƚŚĞ ĂƌĞĂ Ă ǁĞĞŬ ůĂƚĞƌ ĂŶĚ ƵƐĞĚ ƚŚĞ ďĞŚĂǀŝŽƌ ĂŶĚ ƉůƵŵĂŐĞ͕ ǁŚŝĐŚ ǁĂƐ ĚŝīĞƌĞŶƚ ƚŚĂŶ ƚŚĞ ƉůĂLJďĂĐŬĐĂůůƚŽďƌŝŶŐŝŶƚŚĞďŝƌĚ͘tĞƵƐĞĚƚŚĞĐŽŶƚĂĐƚ :ƵŶŐůĞ KǁůĞƚ Glaucidium radiatum ĂŶĚ ^ƉŽƩĞĚ KǁůĞƚ ĐĂůů ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ĞǀĞŶŝŶŐ ďĞƚǁĞĞŶ ϭϱ͗ϬϬʹϭϲ͗ϬϬ ŚŽƵƌƐ͘  tĞ Athene brama͘  :W ŚĂƐ ĞdžƉĞƌŝĞŶĐĞ ǁŝƚŚ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ ŝŶ ƉůĂLJĞĚƚŚĞĐĂůůĂƚƚŚƌĞĞůŽĐĂƟŽŶƐƐĞƉĂƌĂƚĞĚďLJĂĚŝƐƚĂŶĐĞ <ŚĂŶĚĂǀĂ ;DĂĚŚLJĂ WƌĂĚĞƐŚͿ ĂŶĚ ǁĂƐ ĂďůĞ ƚŽ ŝĚĞŶƟĨLJ ŽĨϱϬϬʹϳϬϬŵ͕ƚǁŝĐĞĂƚƚŚĞĮƌƐƚƚǁŽƐƚĂƟŽŶƐĂŶĚŽŶĐĞ ƚŚĞ ďŝƌĚ ĂƐ Ă &ŽƌĞƐƚ KǁůĞƚ͘  tŚŝůĞ ƉŚŽƚŽŐƌĂƉŚŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ĂƚƚŚĞƚŚŝƌĚƐƚĂƟŽŶ͘tĞƉůĂLJĞĚƚŚĞĐĂůůĨŽƌƚǁŽŵŝŶƵƚĞƐ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂůĂŶŽƚŚĞƌ&ŽƌĞƐƚKǁůĞƚĐĂŵĞĂŶĚƐĂƚŽŶĂŶŽƚŚĞƌ Ăƚ ĞĂĐŚ ƐƚĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ƚŚĞŶ ǁĂŝƚĞĚ ŶĞĂƌůLJ ƚŚƌĞĞ ŵŝŶƵƚĞƐ ƚĞĂŬƚƌĞĞŶĞĂƌƚŚĞĮƌƐƚŽǁůĞƚ͘dŚŝƐŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂůǁĂƐĂůƐŽ ĨŽƌƚŚĞƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĞ͘tĞĚŝĚŶŽƚŐĞƚĂŶLJƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĞĂƚƚŚĞ ƉŚŽƚŽŐƌĂƉŚĞĚ͘  tĞ ǁĞƌĞ ĂďůĞ ƚŽ ŝĚĞŶƟĨLJ ƚŚĞ ƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ ĮƌƐƚĐĂůůƐƚĂƟŽŶ͘ƚƚŚĞƐĞĐŽŶĚĐĂůůƐƚĂƟŽŶǁĞŚĞĂƌĚĂ ďĂƐĞĚ ŽŶ ŵŽƌƉŚŽůŽŐŝĐĂů ĐŚĂƌĂĐƚĞƌƐ ƐƵĐŚ ĂƐ ƚŚĞ ĨĂŝŶƚůLJ ĐŽŶƚĂĐƚĐĂůůŝŶƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĞ͕ďƵƚĐŽƵůĚŶŽƚůŽĐĂƚĞƚŚĞďŝƌĚ͘ ƐƉŽƩĞĚĐƌŽǁŶ͕ŶĂƉĞĂŶĚďĂĐŬ͕ƵŶŵĂƌŬĞĚǁŚŝƚĞůŽǁĞƌ ^ŽǁĞƉůĂLJĞĚƚŚĞĐĂůůĂŐĂŝŶĨŽƌƚǁŽŵŝŶƵƚĞƐĂƚƚŚĞƐĂŵĞ ďƌĞĂƐƚ͕ĂďƌŽĂĚĂŶĚĐŽŵƉůĞƚĞĚĂƌŬĨƌŽŶƚĂůĐŽůůĂƌ͕ďĂŶĚĞĚ ůŽĐĂƟŽŶ ĂŶĚ ǁĂŝƚĞĚ ĨŽƌ Ă ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĞ͕ ǁŝƚŚ ŶŽ ĨƵƌƚŚĞƌ ǁŝŶŐƐǁŝƚŚǁŚŝƚĞƚƌĂŝůŝŶŐĞĚŐĞ͕ĂƐŽůŝĚďƌŽǁŶďƌĞĂƐƚĂŶĚ ƌĞƐƉŽŶƐĞ͘  tĞ ŵŽǀĞĚ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ƚŚŝƌĚ ĐĂůů ƐƚĂƟŽŶ ŶĞĂƌůLJ ƐƚƌŽŶŐůLJĐŽŶƚƌĂƐƟŶŐƚĂŝůďĂŶĚŝŶŐǁŝƚŚĂǁŚŝƚĞƚĞƌŵŝŶĂů ϳϬϬŵĂǁĂLJĨƌŽŵƚŚĞƐĞĐŽŶĚƐƚĂƟŽŶĂŶĚƉůĂLJĞĚƚŚĞĐĂůů͘ ďĂŶĚ ;ZĂƐŵƵƐƐĞŶ Θ ŽůůĂƌ ϭϵϵϴ͖ ZĂƐŵƵƐƐĞŶ Θ /ƐŚƟĂƋ ŌĞƌ ƚǁŽ ŵŝŶƵƚĞƐ ŽĨ ƐŝůĞŶĐĞ ǁĞ ŚĞĂƌĚ Ă ĐŽŶƚĂĐƚ ĐĂůů ϭϵϵϵͿ͘  dŚĞ ƐĞĐŽŶĚ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂů ƚŚĞŶ ŇĞǁ ĂŶĚ ƐĂƚ ŶĞĂƌ ĨƌŽŵĂŶĞŝŐŚďŽƌŝŶŐƚƌĞĞĂŶĚŽŶĞŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂůŇĞǁƚŽǁĂƌĚƐ ƚŚĞ ĮƌƐƚ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂů͘  tĞ ŽďƐĞƌǀĞĚ ƚŚĞ ƚǁŽ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂůƐ ĨŽƌĂůŵŽƐƚĂŶŚŽƵƌ͕ĂŌĞƌǁŚŝĐŚƚŚĞLJŇĞǁĂǁĂLJ͘&ƌŽŵ

© :ĞŶŝƐWĂƚĞů © ^ĂƵƌĂďŚZĂƚŚŽƌ /ŵĂŐĞϭ͘&ŽƌĞƐƚKǁůĞƚ,ĞƚĞƌŽŐůĂƵdžďůĞǁŝƫŚĂďŝƚĂƚŝŶWƵƌŶĂtŝůĚůŝĨĞ /ŵĂŐĞϮ͘&ŽƌĞƐƚKǁůĞƚŝŶ,ĞƚĞƌŽŐůĂƵdžďůĞǁŝƫŝŶWƵƌŶĂtŝůĚůŝĨĞ ^ĂŶĐƚƵĂƌLJ͕'ƵũĂƌĂƚ͘ ^ĂŶĐƚƵĂƌLJ͕'ƵũĂƌĂƚ͘

Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 October 2015 | 7(12): 7940–7944 ϳϵϰϭ New record of Forest Owlet Patel et al.

ƵƐ͕ĂŶĚƐĂƚŽŶƚŚĞƚŽƉŽĨĂƚĞĂŬƚƌĞĞŶĞĂƌůLJϵϬŵĨƌŽŵ DĞŚƚĂĞƚĂů͘;ϮϬϬϳͿĐĂƌƌŝĞĚŽƵƚĂŶĞdžƉůŽƌĂƚŽƌLJƐƵƌǀĞLJŝŶ ǁŚĞƌĞ ǁĞ ƐƚŽŽĚ͘  /ƚ ŬĞƉƚ ŐŝǀŝŶŐ ĐĂůůƐ ĨŽƌ ƚŚĞ ŶĞdžƚ Ϯʹϯ ǁŚĂƚ ƚŚĞLJ ĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞĚ ĂƐ ŽƉƟŵĂů ĨŽƌĞƐƚĞĚ ĂƌĞĂƐ ŝŶ Ɛŝdž ŵŝŶƵƚĞƐĂŶĚƚŚĞŶƐƵĚĚĞŶůLJĂŶŽƚŚĞƌŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂůĐĂŵĞĂŶĚ ĚŝƐƚƌŝĐƚƐͲsĂĚŽĚĂƌĂ͕WĂŶĐŚŵĂŚĂů͕ĂŚŽĚ͕EĂƌŵĂĚĂ͕ĂŶĚ ƐĂƚĂĚũĂĐĞŶƚƚŽƚŚĞĮƌƐƚ͘ EĂǀƐĂƌŝŽĨ'ƵũĂƌĂƚ͕ǁŚŝĐŚŚĂǀĞĐŽŶƟŐƵŽƵƐƚƌĂĐƚƐŽĨƚĞĂŬ KĐĐƵƌƌĞŶĐĞ ŽĨ &ŽƌĞƐƚ KǁůĞƚ ŝŶ 'ƵũĂƌĂƚ ŚĂƐ ĂůǁĂLJƐ ĚŽŵŝŶĂƚĞĚďLJĚƌLJĚĞĐŝĚƵŽƵƐĨŽƌĞƐƚ͕ďƵƚĐŽƵůĚŶŽƚůŽĐĂƚĞ ďĞĞŶ ĚƵďŝŽƵƐ ŝŶ ƚŚĞ ƉĂƐƚ ;^ŝŶŐŚ ϮϬϬϬ͖ dƌŝǀĞĚŝ ϮϬϬϰ͖ ĂŶLJ ŝŶĚŝǀŝĚƵĂůƐ͘  ĂƐĞĚ ŽŶ ƚŚŝƐ ƐƵƌǀĞLJ ƚŚĞLJ ĐŽŶĐůƵĚĞĚ DĞŚƚĂĞƚĂů͘ϮϬϬϳͿ͘/ŶϭϵϭϰĂƐƉĞĐŝŵĞŶǁĂƐƉƵƌƉŽƌƚĞĚůLJ ƚŚĂƚ /ƚ ŝƐ ƉŽƐƐŝďůĞ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ &ŽƌĞƐƚ KǁůĞƚ͕ ĞǀĞŶ ŝĨ ŝƚ ŽďƚĂŝŶĞĚďLJZ͘DĞŝŶĞƌƚnjŚĂŐĞŶĂƚDĂŶĚǀŝ͕ŽŶƚŚĞdĂƉƟ ŽĐĐƵƌƌĞĚŝŶĂĨŽƌĞƐƚŝŶƚŚĞƉĂƐƚ͕ŵĂLJŚĂǀĞĚŝƐĂƉƉĞĂƌĞĚ ZŝǀĞƌŝŶƐŽƵƚŚĞƌŶ'ƵũĂƌĂƚ;ůŝϭϵϰϴ͖ZŝƉůĞLJϭϵϲϭ͖ůŝΘ ĚƵĞ ƚŽ ƚŚĞ ůŽƐƐ ŽĨ ŽůĚ ŐƌŽǁƚŚ ĨŽƌĞƐƚƐ ;DĞŚƚĂ Ğƚ Ăů͘ ZŝƉůĞLJϭϵϲϵ͖ůŝΘZŝƉůĞLJϭϵϴϭ͖ZŝƉůĞLJϭϵϳϲͿ͘ĂƐĞĚŽŶ ϮϬϬϳͿ͘EĞŝƚŚĞƌŽĨƚŚĞĞĂƌůŝĞƌďŝƌĚƐƵƌǀĞLJƐ;^ŝŶŐŚϮϬϬϬ͖ ƚŚŝƐůŽĐĂůŝƚLJƌĞƉŽƌƚ͕ƚŚĞĞŶƟƌĞůĞŶŐƚŚŽĨƚŚĞ^ĂƚƉƵƌĂŚŝůů dƌŝǀĞĚŝ ϮϬϬϯ͖ dƌŝǀĞĚŝ Θ ^ŽŶŝ ϮϬϬϲ͖ DĞŚƚĂ Ğƚ Ăů͘ ϮϬϬϳͿ͕ ƌĂŶŐĞǁĂƐĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞĚĂƐ&ŽƌĞƐƚKǁůĞƚƌĂŶŐĞ;ůŝϭϵϰϴ͖ ƌĞĐŽƌĚĞĚƚŚĞƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ͘dŚĞƌĞĨŽƌĞ͕ƚŚĞƉƌĞƐĞŶƚƌĞĐŽƌĚŝƐ ZŝƉůĞLJϭϵϲϭ͖ůŝΘZŝƉůĞLJϭϵϴϭ͖ůĂƌŬΘDŝŬŬŽůĂϭϵϴϵͿ͕ ƚŚĞĮƌƐƚĂƵƚŚĞŶƟĐƌĞĐŽƌĚŽĨƚŚĞƐƉĞĐŝĞƐĨƌŽŵƚŚĞĨŽƌĞƐƚƐ ŝŶĐůƵĚŝŶŐ ƚŚĞ ^ƵƌĂƚ͕ ĂŶŐƐ ĂŶĚ ZĂũƉŝƉůĂ ŚŝůůƐ ;<ŚĂĐŚĞƌ ŽĨ 'ƵũĂƌĂƚ͘  ůƐŽ͕ ŽƵƌ ŽďƐĞƌǀĂƟŽŶ ĮƚƐ ŶŝĐĞůLJ ŝŶƚŽ ƚŚĞ ϭϵϵϲͿ͘>ĂƚĞƌ͕ZĂƐŵƵƐƐĞŶΘŽůůĂƌ;ϭϵϵϴͿĞƐƚĂďůŝƐŚĞĚƚŚĂƚ ŐĂƉďĞƚǁĞĞŶƚŚĞ^ĂƚƉƵƌĂƌĂŶŐĞĂŶĚƚŚĞtĞƐƚĞƌŶ'ŚĂƚƐ ƚŚĞ ůŽĐĂůŝƚLJ ƐƉĞĐŝŵĞŶ ƌĞƉŽƌƚĞĚůLJ ŽďƚĂŝŶĞĚ Ăƚ DĂŶĚĂǀŝ ƐƵŐŐĞƐƟŶŐĂƉƌĞǀŝŽƵƐůLJƵŶŬŶŽǁŶƉŽƉƵůĂƟŽŶĐŽŶƟŶƵŝƚLJ ǁĂƐŝŶĨĂĐƚĂĮŌŚƐƉĞĐŝŵĞŶĐŽůůĞĐƚĞĚďLJ:ĂŵĞƐĂǀŝĚƐŽŶ ŽĨƚŚĞƐƉĞĐŝĞƐ;&ŝŐ͘ϭͿ͘ ĨƌŽŵ <ŚĂŶĚĞƐŚ ŝŶ ϭϴϴϰ ƚŚĂƚ DĞŝŶĞƌƚnjŚĂŐĞŶ ƐƚŽůĞ ĂŶĚ dŚŝƐƐƉĞĐŝĞƐŝƐĐŽŶƐŝĚĞƌĞĚĂƐĞŶĚĞŵŝĐƚŽ^ĂƚƉƵƌĂ,ŝůůƐ ƌĞůĂďĞůĞĚ ǁŝƚŚ ĨĂůƐĞ ĚĂƚĂ ;ZĂƐŵƵƐƐĞŶ Θ ŽůůĂƌ ϭϵϵϴ͕ ŝŶĐĞŶƚƌĂů/ŶĚŝĂĂŶĚĨŽƵŶĚŝŶĞůĞǀĂƟŽŶƐďĞƚǁĞĞŶϰϬϬʹ ϭϵϵϵͿ͘  dŚĞ ƐƉĞĐŝŵĞŶ ƐƵƉƉŽƐĞĚůLJ ĨƌŽŵ DĂŶĚǀŝ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ϲϬϬ ŵƐů ;/ƐŚƟĂƋ Θ ZĂŚŵĂŶŝ ϮϬϬϬ͖ :ĂƚŚĂƌ Θ ZĂŚŵĂŶŝ ŽŶůLJďĂƐŝƐĨŽƌƐƚĂƚĞŵĞŶƚƐƚŚĂƚƚŚĞ&ŽƌĞƐƚKǁůĞƚŽĐĐƵƌƐ ϮϬϬϰ͖DĞŚƚĂĞƚĂů͘ϮϬϬϳ͖:ĂƚŚĂƌΘZĂŚŵĂŶŝϮϬϭϭ͖:ĂƚŚĂƌ ŝŶƚŚĞ^ƵƌĂƚĂŶŐƐ͘ĂƐĞĚŽŶƚŚŝƐǁƌŽŶŐŝŶĨŽƌŵĂƟŽŶ͕ Θ WĂƟů ϮϬϭϭ͖ ZĂŚŵĂŶŝ ϮϬϭϮͿ͕ ďƵƚ ƚŚŝƐ ƐŝŐŚƟŶŐ ƌĞĐŽƌĚ ŽŵďĂLJ EĂƚƵƌĂů ,ŝƐƚŽƌLJ ^ŽĐŝĞƚLJ ;E,^Ϳ ƐĞĂƌĐŚĞĚ ƚŚĞ ŝƐ ƚŚĞ ĮƌƐƚ ƌĞĐŽƌĚ ĨƌŽŵ ƚŚĞ ŶŽƌƚŚĞƌŶŵŽƐƚ ƉĂƌƚ ŽĨ ƚŚĞ DĂŶĚǀŝĂƌĞĂ͕ŽŶƚŚĞdĂƉƟZŝǀĞƌŝŶƐŽƵƚŚĞƌŶ'ƵũĂƌĂƚĨŽƌ tĞƐƚĞƌŶ'ŚĂƚƐnjŽŶĞĂƚĂŶĞůĞǀĂƟŽŶŽĨϯϲϮŵĂŶĚƚŚƵƐ &ŽƌĞƐƚ KǁůĞƚƐ͕ ďƵƚ ŶŽŶĞ ǁĞƌĞ ƌĞĐŽƌĚĞĚ ;ZŝƉůĞLJ ϭϵϳϲ͖ ŝƐǀĞƌLJƐŝŐŶŝĮĐĂŶƚ;&ŝŐ͘ϭͿ͘KƵƌŽďƐĞƌǀĂƟŽŶƐĂůƐŽƉƌŽǀŝĚĞ ZĂƐŵƵƐƐĞŶΘŽůůĂƌϭϵϵϴ͖/ƐŚƟĂƋΘZĂŚŵĂŶŝϮϬϬϬͿ͘>ĂƚĞƌ ĞŶĐŽƵƌĂŐŝŶŐ ƉƌŽƐƉĞĐƚƐ ƚŚĂƚ ƚŚĞ ŐĞŽŐƌĂƉŚŝĐ ƌĂŶŐĞ ŽĨ

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ϳϵϰϮ Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 October 2015 | 7(12): 7940–7944 New record of Forest Owlet Patel et al. this obscure and rare species is probably larger than needs to be implemented cautiously. Furthermore, our documented. observations call for further systematic and intensive It is suggested that the Forest Owlets are threatened surveys in this part of the state, along with appropriate primarily by the loss and degradation of its habitat public outreach, management and protection by encroachments of forests for agricultural purpose intervention. Absence of any urgent attention tothis (Mehta et al 2007; Jathar & Patil 2011). Rasmussen & region of the state can have serious implications for Ishtiaq (1999) suggested that livestock and fuel wood- the conservation of the Forest Owlet in Gujarat. We gatherers appear to cause sufficient disturbance to the also suggest that various teak dominated forest regions birds. However, contrary to Rasmussen & Ishtiaq (1999), of Gujarat from Shoolpaneshwar Wildlife Sanctuary in some authors (Yosef et al. 2010) found that Forest Owlets the north to the forests of Kaparadataluka of Valsad in establish territories in areas disturbed by anthropogenic the south, especially Vyara and Songadhtaluka of Tapi activity. District and Umarpadataluka of Surat District, which Other potential threats include forest fires, capture have connectivity with the forests in Dang, should be by tribals for rituals, hunting and use of rodenticides thorougly surveyed to establish the occurrence of the (Jathar & Rahmani 2004; Mehta et al. 2007; Jather & Patil highly threatened Forest Owlet. 2011). Like most forested regions in southern Gujarat, the region in and around Purna Wildlife Sanctuary is References facing intensive exploitation for teak, including illicit Ali, S. (1948). The Gujarat Satpuras in Indian ornitho-geography. logging, leaving mostly the young teak plantations. Gujarat Res. Soc. Monogr.No. 2:1–11. Aforementioned activities have not only degraded their Ali, S. & S.D. Ripley (1969). Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan habitat but also put the nesting trees at risk since the together with those of Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and Ceylon, 3. Stone curlews to owls. First edition. Oxford University Press, Bombay. Forest Owlet nests and roosts in small cavities in large Ali, S. & S.D. Ripley (1981). Handbook of the Birds of India and Pakistan and mature trees (Jathar & Rahmani 2012). As Mehta - 3. Revised edition. Oxford University Press, Bombay. et al. (2007) point out, these teak forests are viewed Baker, E.C.S. (1934). The Nidification of Birds of the Indian Empire,. 3 Ploceidæ–Asionidæ. Taylor and Francis, London. as sources of timber but not for their conservation BirdLife International (2015). Species factsheet: Heteroglaux blewitti. value. Therefore, no strict measures are enforced to Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 30/01/2015. protect the teak forests. Although large and mature Clark, R.J. & H. Mikkola (1989). A preliminary revision of threatened and near-threatened nocturnal birds of prey of the world, pp. trees are still available to a certain extent, if the Forest 371–388. In: Meyburg, B.U. & R.D. Chancellor (eds.). Raptors in the Owlet is to survive in this area, strict measures must be Modern World. World Working Group on Birds of Prey, London. implemented. The tribes in this region, (Bhil, Konkana, Centre for Environment Education (2011). Perspective Plan for the Dangs. Submitted to the District Collectorate, Dang District. Varli, Kotwalia, Kathodi and Gamit) are not only fond of Prepared by Centre for environement Education, Ahmedabad, wild meat, but also trap and sell owls and parakeets, Gujarat, India. Grimmett, R., C. Inskipp & T. Inskipp (1999). Birds of the Indian for use in ritual ceremonies as well as for the pet trade Subcontinent. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K. (Centre for Environment Education 2011). Hunting birds Hume, A.O. (1873). Novelties? Stray Featheres I(6) (December): 464– and small mammals with catapults is still a popular and 483. Ishtiaq, F. (1998). Status and distribution of the Forest Owlet Athene widely practiced sport among the tribal children (Jenis blewitti. Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai. Unpublished R. Patel pers. obs. 2013, 2014). The Forest Owlet is very report. likely to be affected by such practices. The site of these Ishtiaq, F. & A.R. Rahmani (2000). Further information on status and distribution of Forest Owlet Athene (Heteroglaux) blewitti. Forktail observations is a tourists place, and attracts visitors 16: 172–173. from all over Gujarat, especially on weekends. One of Ishtiaq, F. & A.R. Rahmani (2005). The Forest Owlet Heteroglaux the trees on which the Forest Owlet was recorded is by blewitti: vocalization, breeding biology and conservation. Ibis 147: 197–205. the side of the road. We are unaware of the human- Jathar, G.A. & A.R. Rahmani (2004). Ecological studies of the Forest disturbance tolerance of this species, but it is very likely Spotted Owlet Athene (Heteroglaux) blewitti: final report. Bombay that the resulting disturbance might disturb the Forest Natural History Society, Mumbai, India,77pp. Jathar, G.A & A.R. Rahmani (2011). Ecology of Forest Owlet in central Owlet forcing the species to desert the region. India. LAMBERT Acedemic Publishing GmbH & Co. Germany. From the aforementioned it is clear that this endemic Jathar G.A. & A.R. Rahmani (2012). Habitat utilization by Forest Owlet Heteroglaux blewittiin Toranmal Reserve Forest, India. Care4Nature and endangered species requires immediate attention. 1(1): 18–30. Although, Ishtiaq & Rahmani (2005) suggested Jathar, G.A. & D.N. Patil (2011). Reassessment of Status of Forest management of their habitat through community Owlet in its known distributaion and evaluation of conservation issue. Final Report. Foundation for Ecological Conservation involvement, awareness and joint forest and community and Sustainable Development, India. Published by Watershed schemes, looking at the fragile status of the species, Organisation Trust, 48pp.

Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 October 2015 | 7(12): 7940–7944 7943 New record of Forest Owlet Patel et al.

Kasambe, R., S. Pande, J. Wadatkar & A. Pawashe (2004). Additional Rasmussen, P.C. & N.J. Collar (1998). Identification, distribution and Records of the Forest Owlet Heteroglaux blewitti Hume, 1873 in status of the Forest Owlet Athene (Heteroglaux) blewitti. Forktail 14: Melghat Tiger Reserve, Maharashtra. Newsletter for Ornithologists 41–49. 1(1–2): 12–14. Rasmussen, P.C. & N.J. Collar (1999). Major specimen fraud in the Khacher, L. (1996). The birds of Gujarat - A Salim Ali Centenary Year Forest Owlet Heteroglaux (Athene auct.) blewitti. Ibis 141: 11–21; overview. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 93(3): http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474 919X.1999.tb04258.x 331–373. Ripley, S.D. (1961). A Synopsis of the Birds of lndia and Pakistan King, B.F. & P.C. Rasmussen (1998). The rediscovery of the Forest together with those of Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan and Ceylon - 1st Owlet Athene (Heteroglaux) blewitti. Forktail 14: 51-53. Edition. Bombay Natural History Society, Bombay. Laad, S. & R. Dagale (2014). First Report of Forest Owlet Heteroglaux Ripley, S.D. (1976). Reconsideration ofAthene blewitti(Hume ). Journal blewitti from Tansa Wildlife Sanctuary (Western Ghats), of the Bombay Natural History Society 73: 1–4. Maharashtra, India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society Singh, H.S., B.R. Raval, B.H. Patel, K. Tatu, D. Patel, R. Vyas & B.H. 111(2): 134; http://dx.doi.org/10.17087/jbnhs/2014/v111i2/72238 Patel (2000). Biodiversity study on Vansda National Park. A Mehta, P., J. Kulkarni, D. Patil, P. Kolte & P. Hatavkar (2007). A Survey comprehensive ecological and socio-economic study. Gandhinagar. of Critically Endangered Forest Owlet (Heteroglaux blewitti) in GEER Foundation, India. central India. Final Report. Envirosearch, Pune, 52pp. Trivedi, P. (2003). Bird study of Purna Wildlife Sanctuary, Dangs under Pande, S., A. Pawashe, R. Kasambe & R. Yosef (2011). Discovery of biodiversity study of Purna Wildlife Sanctuary. Unpublished final a possible hybrid of the Critically Endangered Forest Owlet Athene report. Gandhinagar. GEER Foundation, India. blewitti and Spotted Owlet Athene brama (Aves: Strigiformes) from Trivedi, P. (2004). First record of Brown Wood Owl (Strix leptogrammica) northern Maharashtra, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3: 1727- from Gujarat: A clarification. Flamingo 2(1–2): 8. 1730; http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o2798.1727-30 Trivedi P. & V.C. Soni (2006). Significant bird records and local Rahmani, A.R. (2012). Threatened Birds of India: Their Conservation extinctions in Purna and Ratanmahal wildlife sanctuaries, Gujarat, Requirements. Mumbai: Indian Bird Conservation Network; Bombay India. Forktail 22: 39–48. Natural History Society; Royal Society for the Protection of Birds; Yosef, R., S.A. Pande, A. Pawashe, R. Kasambe & L. Mitchell (2010). BirdLife International; Oxford University Press, i-xvi+864pp. Interspecific interactions of the Critically Endangered Forest Rasmussen, P.C. & J.C. Anderton (2005). Birds of South Asia: the Ripley Owlet (Athene blewitti). Acta Ethologica 13: 63–67; http://dx.doi. Guide. Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions, Washington, D.C. org/10.1007/s10211-010-0070-9 and Barcelona.

Threatened Taxa

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