80 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.

and committed many other similar scandalous acts. They even went so far as to pull down the school house where he preached, and thus compelled him to cause a barn to be fitted up on his own premises in which to hold his meetings.

< These indignities he bore with the utmost meekness, literally obeying the injunction, "love your enemies, bless them that curse do good to them that hate and for them which de- you, you, pray t

you." spitefully use you and persecute

His kindness and faithfulness were so uniform and unremitting, that in a short time his bitterest enemies became his warmest friends. His influence over the people constantly increased, and was exerted to the utmost for the moral and religious improvement of the place. He set himself against vice in every form, with a boldness and consistency which challenged the admiration of all. He ever manifested a tender conscientiousness and an unselfish re gard for the welfare of others, which to a large extent disarmed op position, and prepared those to whom he ministered, to receive his instructions and exhortations as from one sent of God. The de lightful transforming results of his self-denying labors upon the in habitants of the place and the surrounding country, were wonder ful indeed. We hazard nothing in saying, that this whole region of country is more indebted to him for its present moral and religious elevation, than to any other man. His success as a pastor was such, that his Church, which, in 1816, consisted of but thirteen members, in 1830, besides having furnished a nucleus for several other religi ous organizations, had increased to a membership of eight hun dred, and there were in his congregation but eighteen or twenty adults who did not belong to it.

About this time, Dr. Wisner, hoping to increase his usefulness, accepted a call to the Brick Church, in Rochester, New York, where, for four years, he ministered with great acceptance and success ; after which, owing to failing health, he accepted a call to the First Presbyterian Church of St. Louis, Missouri, with the hope that he might be benefited and restored by the change of climate. In this he was and after with disappointed, remaining that people for two . years, he found himself so enfeebled and debilitated, as to make it necessary to resign his charge and return North. He supposed that his pastoral work was finished, and very naturally selected Ithaca as the place in which to spend his last days.

Here, among his old friends and former people, with some months of entire rest from labor and responsibility, he was so far restored, as to feel that he might with safety return to the duties of his profession. Yielding to the earnest solicitations of his former flock, he was re-installed as their pastor. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 81

In this capacity he continued to serve them until declininghealth, and the infirmities of age, made it necessary for him to retire from the active duties of the ministry. Dr. Wisner still lives, and is enjoying a delightful old age. It is the earnest desire of his numerous friends that many years still may be added to so useful a life.

HON. EZRA CORNELL.

Hon. Ezra Coritkll was born Jan. 11, 1807, at Westchester Landing, in Westchester Co., State of New York. His father was poor and inured to hard labor, but a man of some culture, and for many winters taught district schools. He was a potter by trade, and lived to the age ofninety-one years, having reared a family of eleven children, of whom Ezra was the eldest. The advantages Ezra en joyed for an early education, were confined to those winter schools taught by his father ; nor were those always open to him, except by purchase. In 1819, his father removed to De Ruyter, Madison Co., N. Y. Here he established a small pottery, and with the assistance of Ezra and a younger brother, conducted a farm. Here his father also taught school during the winter, and Ezra and his younger brother, wishing to attend it, obtained their father's consent, on condition that they should clear four acres cf heavily timbered land, by planting time in the Spring. This task was ac complished ky the 10th of May following. About this time the mechanical talent of young Cornell was first developed. His father employed a man to build a small pottery shop. Ezra worked with him, and so far became master of the trade, that the next year he cut from the woods with his own hands, planned and built, a neat two story house for his father. In 1826, being then nineteen years old, he commenced life for himself, and worked two years as a carpenter and joiner, in Syracuse and Homer, in this State. In 1829 he came to Ithaca, and engaged with Otis Eddy to work one year in the machine shop attached to his cotton factory, at eight dollars per month and board. After working six months, Mr. Eddy informed him that he thought he was not get ting wages enough, and that for the balance of the year he should a legal pay him twelve dollars. At the end of the year, although day's work was then twelve hours, he had credit for six months at gained eight dollars, and seven months at twelve dollars ; having 'one month by overwork. 82 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.

In 1830, he was put in charge of the flouring mill of J. S. Beebe at Fall, Creek, at an annual salary of four hundred dollars, where he remained for ten years. In 1840, Mr. Beebe having failed, he purchased the right for a patent plow, for the States of Maine and Georgia, and traveled in thoseStates to sell it. While thus engaged, he became acquainted with Francis O. J. Smith, editor of the Maine Farmer, and a member of Congress. This acquaintance with Mr. Smith, led to his first connection with the Magnetic Telegraph, through which he subsequently acquired his large fortune.

Mr. Smith owned one^fourth of Prof. Morse's patent, and Con gress had appropriated thirty-thousand dollars to build an experi mental line between Washington and Baltimore. Prof. Morse's plan then was to encase the wires in a lead pipe, and bury it two feet in the ground. Mr. Smith had taken the contract to lay this pipe, at the rate of one hundred dollars per mile, but after a care ful estimate of the cost he was satisfied that he would lose money by the contract. Mr. Cornell extricated him from his difficulties, by inventing a machine something like a plow, with a drum near the middle Of the beam, around which the pipe was coiled, by means of which, with the aid of a strong team, the trench eould be cut, the pipe laid and covered, as the plow passed along at the speed of or dinary plowing.

The pipe-layer was taken to Baltimore, and with the aid of a six mule team, under the direction ofMr. Cornell, ten miles ofthe pipe was successfully laid at a cost of ten dollars per mile, instead of one hundred. But it was soon discovered that the insulation was so imperfect that it would not work. After spending the winter of 1843 and '44 in vain attempts to secure perfect insulation, the pro ject of an underground telegraph was abandoned, and the present method of stringing on poles adopted. Mr. Cornell was put in charge of the work, and pushed it with such vigor, that he got the line in operation in May 1844, in time to telegraph the nomination ofJames K. Polk.

In 1845, a company was organized and a telegraph line built between New York and Baltimore, and Mr. Cornell superintended the construction of the section between the former city and Phila delphia. He received $1^000 a year for his services, and demon strated his faith in the financial success of the scheme by subscrib ing for $500 of the Stock, Which he paid out of his salary.

Before the close of that year a company was organized to build the New York and Buffalo line, and Mr. Cornell took the contract to build that part ofit between New York and Albany; Oh this con-, tract he cleared six thousand dollars. In 1847, he organized the BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 83

Company, and built the line between Troy and Montreal, by which he made thirty thousand dollars, and again manifested his faith in telegraphs, by investing it in the Erie and Michigan line, running from Buffalo to Milwaukee.

For seven long years Mr. Cornell was deprived of the benefits of this investment, owing to conflicting claims between the grantees of Morse, Gale & Vail, who owned three-fourths of the patent, and the grantees of Smith, who owned the remaining one-fourth, grow ing out of a misunderstanding as to the division of this Western territory. But largely through the efforts of Mr. Cornell, these rival interests were united, and the competing lines consolidated in 1855, under the name of the Western Union Line, in which he is .one of the largest shareholders.

Mr. Cornell has always taken a lively interest in Agriculture, and has freely devoted his time and money for its advancement In 1862 he was elected President of the State Agricultural Society, and by it selected as a delegate to the Royal Agricultural Exhibi tion in London, where he made himself thoroughly conversant with the farming methods of England.

In 1861 he was elected to the Assembly by the Union party, and in 1862 re-elected. In the fall of 1863 he was elected to the State Senate, and in 1865 re-elected to the same office.

In 1862 he appropriated one hundred thousand dollars to estab lish a free Library at Ithaca, and subsequently he gave half a mil lion of dollars, and two hundred acres of land, to establish a Uni versity at the same place, on condition that the State would give the Institution the proceeds of the Land Grant, made by the Gen eral Government to this State, for the promotion of Education. This grant consisted of 990,000 acres. This land scrip is now worth in the market only sixty cents per acre, and if sold now, would only produce $594,000, but Mr. Cornell is buying in and lo cating this scrip, and hopes by thus increasing its value, to secure for this institution the princely endowment ofthree millions of dol lars. He has also purchased for the University, at a cost of ten thousand dollars, the Jewett Paleontological Cabinet, of Albany, the most complete of its kind in this country.

Mr. Cornell is a man of strong practical common sense, and a high degree of inventive and mechanical ingenuity. He is enthu siastic and persevering in carrying out his plans, never anticipating, and consequently seldom experiencing defeat. A man of great firmness, sometimes approaching obstinacy, at least in the defence of opinions which he thoroughly believes to be right, and he never 84 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES.

holds any others. He is a man of noble instincts andgenerous impul ses, but not given to the estimate of men or things, at more than their plain actual value. He has a vigorous, clear and comprehensive intellect, combined with simple, unostentatious habits and manners. Wisely acting as his own executor and almoner, he is using his large fortune, in a manner that will make his name a household word for generations to come. THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. 85

THE STATES,

T-EBI-R settlement, admittance to the union, population,

SUFFRAGE LAWS, ETC.

ci.,ji.Bii.MA. was settled near Mobile, in 1702, by the French ; was formed into a Territory by act of Congress, approved March 3, 1817,. from the eastern portion of the Territory of Mississippi ; framed a Con stitution August 2, 1819, and was admitted into the Union December 14 of the same year. Area 50,722 square miles, or 32,462,080 acres. Population in 1860, 964,201, of whom 435,080 were slaves. It is theehdef cotton growing State of the Union. White male citizens who have re sided one year in the State and three months in the county, are entitled to vote. An election for a Convention was held December, 24 I860, and a majority of over 50,000 votes cast for secession ; the Convention met January 7, 1861, and on the 11th passed the ordinance ofsecession, by a vote of 61 to 39, which was followed on the 21st by the resignation of its members of Congress.

j2dJTAJVSjiS was settled at Arkansas Post in 1685, by the French, and was part of the Louisiana purchase ceded by France, to the United States, April 30, 1803. It was formed into a Territory by act of Congress, March 2, 1819, from the southern part of the Territory of Missouri ; its western boundary was settled May 26, 1824, and fts southern. May 19, 1828. Having adopted a Constitution, a memorial was presented in Congress, March 1, 1836, and an act for its admission into the Union passed June 15 of the same year. Area 52,198 square miles, or 33,406,- 720'acres. In 1860 its population was 435,450, of whom 111,115 were slaves. It is an agricultural State, its staples being corn and cotton. Citizenship and residence in the State for six months, qualify voters in the county and district where they reside. January 16, 1861, its Legislature ordered a State Convention, which assembled, and on May 6, voted to secede, 69 to 1. January 4, 1864, a Convention assembled in Little Rock, which adopted a new Constitution, the principle feature of which consisted in a clause abolishing slavery. The Convention adjourned January 22. This body also inaugurated a Provisional Government. The Constitution was submitted to the people, and 12,177 votes cast for it, to 226 against it. The State was re-organized under the plan contained in the Amnesty Proclamation of President LnstcoMf, m pursuance of which an election was held March 14, 1864. The vote required under the Proclamation was 5,405. About 16,00ft votes were cast.. F 86 TEE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC.

CiiLIFOSJ^IA, was- settled at DiegD in 1768, by Spani-wds, and was part of the territory ceded to the United States by Mexico, by the treaty Guadalorape' concluded at Hidalgo, February 22, 1848. After several inef fectual attempts to organize it as a Territory or admit it as a State, a law was passed by Congress for the latter purpose, which was approved September 9, 1850. Area 188,981 square miles;, or 120,947,784 acres. Population in 1860, 305,439. It is the most produetSve gold mining re gion on the continent, and also abounds in many other minerals. White male citizens of the United! States, and those o$ Mexico who may choose to comply with the provisionsof thetreaty of Queretaro, of May 30, 1848, who have resided in the State sfe months- and in t_w county or dis trict thirty days, are entitled to vote.

COMWJ&CTZCU'Tvfaa settled at Windsor,.in 1633, by English Puri tans from Massachusetts, and continued under theJurisdiction ofthat Prov ince until April 23, 1662, when a separate charter was granted, which con tinued in force until a Constitution was formed, September 15, 1818. It was one of the original thirteen States, and ratified the United. States Con stitution, January 9, 1788. Area 4,674 square males, or 2,991,360 acres. Population in 1860, 460,147. It is one of the most densely populated and principal manufacturing States in the Union, Resistance for six months, or military duty for a year, or payment of State tax-, or a free hold of the yearly value of seven dollars, gives the right to vote,

iBEZaLWAftJEvtva, settled at Wilmington, early in I638r by Swedes aaad Finns; was granted to William Penn, in 1682, and continued under the government of Pennsylvania until the adoption of a Constitution, September 20,1776; a new one was formed June 12, 1792. It was one of ihe original thirteen States, and ratified the United States Constitu tion, December 7, 1787. Area 2,120 square miles, or 1,356,800 aeres. Population, in.1860, 112.216, of whom 1,798 were slaves. It is a grain and fruit growing State, with some extensive manufactories. Residence in the State one year, and ten days in the election district, with payment of a State or county tax assessed ten days prior to an election, gives- the right to vote,:-except that citizens between twenty-one and twenty-two years of age need not have paid the tax.

FLO/RIZ>.& was settled at St. Augustine, in 1565, by Spaniards ; was formed from part of the territory ceded by Spain to the United States by treaty of. February 22, 1819; an act to authorize the President to establish a. temporary government was passed March 3, 1819; articles of surrender of. East Florida were framed July 10, and of West Florida, July 17, 1821, and it was then taken possession of by General Jackson as Governor. An act for the establishment of a Territorial Govern ment was passed'March 30, 1822, and by act of March 3, 1823, East and West Florida were constituted one Territory. Acts to establish its boundary line ..between Georgia and Alabama were passed May 4,1826, and March 2, 1831. After several ineffectual attempts to organize it two' into Territories, or into a State and Territory, an act for its admis the was sion into Union passed March 3, 1845. Area 59,268 square miles, or ,37,930,520acres. Population, in 1860, 140,425, of whom slaves. It.is an 61,745 were agricultural State, tropical in its climate and products. ;Every free white male citizen, who has resided in the State two years and in the. county six months, and has been enrolled in the (unless exempt is militia by law,) qualified to vote ; but no soldier, seaman THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. 87

or marine can vote unless qualified before enlistment. Its Legislature called a Convention, December 1, 1860, which met January 3, 1861, and passed a secession ordinance on the 10th by a vote of 62 to 7.

GEORGIA, was settled at Savannah, in 1733, by the English under General Oglethorpe. It was chartered June 9, 1732; formed a Con stitution February 5, 1777; a second in 1785 and a third May 30, 1798. It was one of the original thirteen States, and ratified the United States Constitution January 2, 1788. Area 58,000 square miles, or 37,120,000 acres. Population, in 1860, 1,057,286, of wh6m 462,198 were slaves. It is a large cotton and rice growing State. Citizens of the State, six months resident of the county where voting, who have paid taxes the year pre ceding the election, are entitled to vote. November 18, 1860, its Legis lature ordered an election for a State Convention, which assembled and passed a secession ordinance January 19, 1861, by a vote of 208 to 89, and on the 23d of the same month its members of Congress resigned.

IZZIJVOIS was settled at Kaskaskia, in 1683, by the French, and formed part of the northwestern territory ceded by Virginia to the United States. An act for dividing the Indiana Territory and organizing the Territory of Illinois, was passed by Congress, February 3, 1809 ; and an act to enable it to form a State Constitution, Government, &c, was passed April 18, 1818 ; a Constitution was framed August 26, and it was admitted into the Union December 23 of the same year. Area 54,405 square miles, or 64,819,200 acres. Population, in 1860, 1,711,951. It is the " prairie" chief State, and the largest grain growing and second largest cattle raising State in the Union. All white male inhabitants, who have resided in the State one year and election district sixty days, can vote in the district where actually residing.

IJVDIAJVA was settled at Vincennes, in 1690, by the French, and formed part of the northwestern territory ceded by Virginia to the United States. It was organized into a Territory May 7, 1800, from which the Territory of Michigan was set off in 1805, and Illinois in 1809. An act was passed to empower it to form a State Constitution, Government, &c, April 19, 1816, and it was admitted into the Union December 11 of the same year. Area 33,809 square miles, or 21,637,760 acres. Population, in 1860, 1,350,428. It is an agricultural State, chiefly devoted to grain grow ing and cattle raising. A residence of one year in the State entitles males of 21 years of age to vote in the county of their residence.

10 Wj4L was first settled at Burlington by emigrants from the Northern and Eastern States. It was part of the region purchased from France ; was set off from the Territory of Wisconsin and organized as a separate Territory June 12, 1838 ; an act for its admission as a State was passed was to and approved March 3, 1845, to which the assent of its inhabitants be given to be announced by Proclamation of the President, and on De 50,914 cember 28, 1846, another act for its admission was passed. Area It is an square miles or 32,584,960 acres. Population, in 1860, 674,913. lead mines. agricultural State, resembling Illinois, and contains important State six White male citizens of the,United States, having resided in the months and county twenty days, are entitled to vote. 88 THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC.

and or SjLYSAS was formed out ofthe original Louisiana purchase, several ganized into a Territory by act of Congress, May 30, 1854, and after in 1861. ineffectual attempts was finally admitted into the Union January, in 107,- Area 78,418 square miles, or 50,187,520 acres. Population, 1860, black 206. It is ah agricultural State, with a soil of rich and deep loam, The western portion except the central portion, which is partly a desert. State six is a fine grazing country, well wooded. Residence in the months, and in the township or ward thirty days, confers the right of suffrage on white male citizens. It also abounds in minerals. KENTUCKY was settled in 1775, by Virginians; formed into a Territory by act of the Virginia Legislature, December 18, 1789, and ad mitted into the Union June 1, 1792, by virtue of an act of Congress pass acres- ed February 4, 1791. Area 37,680 square miles, or 24,115,200 Population in 1860, 1,155,684, of whom 225,483 were slaves. It is an agri cultural State, raising more flax and hemp than any other. Loyalty, a residence of two years in the State and one in the county are the require " ments to vote. Any citizen of this State who shall enter the service of the so-called Confederate States, in either a civil or military capacity; or into the service of the so-called Provisional Government of Kentucky, in either a civil or military capacity ; or having heretofore entered such ser vice of either the Confederate States or Provisional Government, shall continue in such service after this act takes effect, (March 11, 1862,) or shall take up or continue in arms against the military forces of the United States or State of Kentucky, or shall give voluntary aid and assistance to those in arms against said forces, shall be deemed to have expatriated him self, and shall no longer be a citizen, except by permission of the Legisla ture by a general or special statute." LOUISIANA was settled at Iberville, in 1699, by the French, and comprised a part of the territory ceded by France to the United States, by treaty of April 30, 1803, which purchase was erected into two Territories by act of Congress March 26, 1804, one called the Territory of Orleans, the other the District of Louisiana, afterwards changed to that of Missouri. Congress, March 2, 1806, authorized the inhabitants of Orleans Territory to form a State Constitution and Government when their population was' should amount to 60,000 ; a Constitution adopted January 22, 1812, and the State admitted into the Union April 8 of the same year, under the name of Louisiana. Area 41,255 square miles, or 26,403,200 acres. Population in of .1860, 708,002, whom were slaves. It is years' the chief sugar producing State of the Union. Two residence in the State and one in the parish are the qualifications of voters. Decem ber 10, 1860, the Legislature ordered a State Convention to be held, which assembled and passed an ordinance of secession January 26, 1861, by a vote of 113 to 17. The people voted on the question, and on March 28 the following was announced as the result : For, 20,448 ; against, 17,296 ; a 'Confederate' majority of 3,152. The Convention ratified the Constitution March 11, 1861, by avote of 107 to 7, and refused to submit it to*the peo ple by 94 to 10. On the 11th day of January, 1864, Maj. Gen. Banks issued a Proclamation for an election of State officers and delegates to a Constitutional Convention, for the purpose of affecting a reconstruction of the State Government under the plan suggested in the Amnesty Proclama tion of President Lincoln. The election was held on the 22d day of Feb ruary, 1864. The officers thus elected were installed March 4. The total vote cast was 10,725. The vote requisite under the Proclamation was 5,051. The Convention amended the Constitution so as to abolish slavery. The new Constitution was adopted by the peeple by a vote of 6,836 for, to 1,566 against. THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. 89

MAINE was settled at York, in 1623, by the English, and was for merly under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts. October 29, 1819, the in habitants of the District of Maine framed a Constitution ; applied for ad mission December 8, 1819. Congress passed an act March 3, 1820, and it was admitted as a State March 15, of the same year. Area 31,766 square miles, or 20,330,240 acres. Population, in 1860, 628,279. It is largely en gaged in the lumber trade and ship building. Citizens of the United States, except paupers and persons under guardianship, who have resided in the State for three months next preceding the election, are entitled to vote.

MA 'SYLANft was settled at St. Mary, in 1634, by Irish Roman Catholics, having been chartered June 20, 1632. It was one of the origin al thirteen States ; formed a Constitution August 14, 1776, and ratified the Constitution of the United States April 28, 1788. Area 11,124 square miles, or 7,119,260 acres. Population in 1860, 687,049, of whom 87,189 were slaves. It is mainly an agricultural State, producing grain and to bacco. A residence of one year in the State, and six months in the coun ty, gives the right to vote to every white male citizen who takes the oath of allegiance prescribed inthe Constitution. January 28, 1864, a bill pass ed the Legislature submitting to tho people the question of a Convention to revise the Constitution of the State. The popular vote on the question was a? follows : For Convention, 32,203 ; against, 18,337. The Convention assembled and adopted a Constitution abolishing slavery, which was sub mitted to and adopted by the people ; and in accordance with its provis ions, on the 29th of October, 1864, the Governor issued his.Proclamation declaring the slaves in that State free from the 1st day of November.

MASSACHUSETTS was settled at Plymouth, November 3, 1620, by English Puritans, and Charters were granted March 4, 1629, January 13, 1630, August 20, 1726, and October 7, 1731. It was one of the original 13 States ; adopted a Constitution March 2, 1780, which was amended No vember 3, 1820, and ratified the Constitution of the United States Febru ary 6, 1788. Area 7,800 square miles, or 4,992,000 acres. Population in 1860,1,231,066. It is a largely commercial, the chief manufacturing and most densely populated State in the Union. A residence of one year in the State, and payment of State or county tax, gives the right to vote to male citizens of 21 years and upward, except paupers and persons under guardianship.

MICHIGAN was settled at Detroit in 1670, by the French, and was part of the territory ceded to the United States by Virginia. It was set off from the territory of Indiana, and erected into a separate Territory January 11, 1805 ; an act to attach to it all the territory of the United States west of the Mississippi river, and north of the State of Missouri, was passed June 28, 1834. Wisconsin was organized from it April 30, 1836. In June of the same year an act was passed to provide for the ad mission of the State of Michigan into the Union, and a Constitution having been adopted, it was admitted January 26, 1837. Area 56,243 square miles, or 35,995,552 acres. Population in 1860, 749,113. It is a grain growing and cattle rearing State, with rich and extensive mines of copper and iron in the Northern Peninsula.. A residence in the State of six months preceding the election, entitles white male citizens to vote. 90 THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC.

emigrants from MINNESOTA was settled about 1846, chiefly by a the Northern and Western States. It was organized as lerritory by into the Union act of Congress approved March 3, 1849, and admitted February 26, 1857. Area 95,274 square miles, or 60,975,536 acres. Pop of the ulation in 1860, 172,123 whites, and about 25,000 Indians, many tribes being of a warlike character. It is an agricultural State, chiefly extended to male per devoted to Northern grains. The right to vote is have resided m sons of 21 years of age, of the following classes, if they and the election dis the United States one year, the State four months, of foreign trict ten days: White citizens of the United States, and those persons of birth who have declared their intention to become citizens ; civiliza mixed white and Indian blood who have adopted the customs of tion, and those of pure Indian blood who have been pronounced capable by any district court of the State.

MISSISSIPPI was settled at Natchez, in 1716,by the French, and United States was formed out of part of the territory ceded to the by as a Ter South Carolina in 1787, and Georgia in 1802. It was organized north March ritory by act of Congress, April 7, 1789, and enlarged on the 27, 1804, and on the south May 14, 1812. After several unsuccessful at tempts to enter the Union, Congress finally passed an act March 1, 1817, to form a State enabling the people of the western part of the Territory Constitution and Government, which being complied with August 15, it was admitted December 10 of the same year. Area 47,156 square miles, or 30,179,840 acres. Population in I860, 791,305, of whom 436,631 were slaves. It is the second cotton growing State of the Union. Citizens who have resided one year in the State, and four months in the county, and having performed military duty or paid taxes, are entitled to vote. A Convention met January 7, 1861, and on the 9th passed an ordinance of secession by a vote of 84 to 15.

MISSOURI was settled at Genevieve in 1763, by the French, and was part of the territory ceded by France by treaty of April 30, 1803. It was created under the name of the District of Louisiana, by an act approved March 26, 1804, and placed under the direction of the officers of the Indiana Territory, and was organized into a separate Territory June 4, 1812, its name beiDg changed to that of Missouri ; and was divided March 2, 1819, the Territory of Arkansas being then created. An act au thorizing it to form a State Constitution and Government was passed March 6, 1820, and it was admitted into the Union December 14, 1821. Area 67,380 square miles, or 43,123,200 acres. Population in 1860, 1,182,012, of whom 114,931 were slaves. An act of gradual emancipation was passed July 1, 1863, by a vote of 51 to 30. On the 6th of January, 1865, a Constitutional Convention assembled in St. Louis, and on the 8th of April adopted a new Constitution, declaring the State free, prohibiting compensation for slaves, and adopting many other radical changes. On the 6th of June the Constitution was adopted by the people by a vote of 43,670 to 41,808, and pursuant to a Proclamation issued on the 1st of Ju ly, the Constitution went into effect July 4, 1865. It is an agricultural and mining State. Citizens of the United States who have resided in the State one year, and county three months, are entitled to vote. By an act passed by the Legislature of 1863, voting by ballot was adopted, and the viva voce system abolished. THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. 91

NESRASEA was settled by emigrants from the Northern and Western States, and was formed out of a part of the territory ceded by France, April 30, 1803. Attempts to organize it were made in 1844 and 1848, but it was not accomplished until May 30, 1854. Area 75,955 square miles, or 44,796,160 acres. Population 28,841, besides a few roving tribes of Indians. A Convention adopted a State Constitution February 9, 1866, which was submitted to the people on the 22d of June, and adopted by a vote of 3,938 for, to 3,838 against, and State officers were elected. A bill was passed by Congress, July 27th, admitting the State, but the President withheld his signature. In February, 1867, Congress passed an act im posing certain conditions to admission, which were promptly accepted, and the territory became a State. It is an agricultural region, its prairies af fording boundless pasture lands.

NEVADA was organized as a Territory March 2, 1861. Its name signifies snowy, and is derived from the Spanish word nieve (snow.) It comprises 81,539 square miles.'or 52,184,960 acres, lying mostly within the Great Basin of the Pacific coast. Congress, at its session in 1864, passed an act which was approved March 21, to enable the people of the Terri tory to form a Constitution and State Government, in pursuance ofwhich a Government was oiganized and the Territory admitted as a State by Proclamation of the President, October 81, 1864. At the time of its or ganization the Territory possessed a population of 6,857 white settlers. The development ofher mineral resources was rapid and almost without parallel, and attracted a constant stream of immigration to the Territory. As the population has not been subject to the fluctuations from which other Territories have suffered, the growth of Nevada has been rapid and steady. At the general convention election of1863, 10,934 votes were cast. During 1864 great accessions to the population were made. It is probably the richest State in the Union in respect to mineral resources. No region in the world is richer in argentiferous leads. It also contains an immense basin of salt, five miles square. Quartz mills are a very important feature in mining operations. The State is barren for agricultural purposes, and is remarkably healthy.

NEWHAMPSHIRE was settled at Dover, in 1623, by English Puritans, and continued under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts until September 18, 1679, when a separate charter was granted. It was one of the original thirteen States, and ratified the United States Constitution June 21, 1788 ; its State Constitution was framed January 5, 1776, and amended in 1784 and 1792. Area 9,280 square miles, or 5,939,200 acres. Population in 1860, 326,073. It is a grazing and manufacturing State. All male citizens, except paupers, are allowed to vote.

NEW JERSEYwaa settled at Bergen, in 1624, by the Dutch and Danes ; was conquered by the Dutch in 1655, and submitted to the English in 1664, being held thereafter under the same grants as New York, until it was surrendered to the Crown in 1702. It was one of the original thirteen States, adopted a State Constitution July 2. 1776, and ratified the United States Constitution December 18, 1787. Area 8,320 square miles, or 5-, 324,800 acres. Population in 1860, 672,035, It is a grain and fruit grow ing region, its orchard and market products being relatively greater than those of any other State. A residence of one year in the State gives the right to vote, except to paupers, &c. 93 THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT* ETC.

Dutch was NEWYORE was settled at Manhattan, in 1614, by the ; March April ceded to the English by grants to the Duke of York,. 20, 26, and surrendered and June 24, 1664 ; was retaken by the Dutch in 1673, again by them to the English, February 9, 1674. It was one of the orig Constitution 1788 inal thirteen States ; ratified the United States July 26, ; October framed a Constitution April 20, 1777, which was amended 27, November 1801, and November 10, 1821 ; a new one was adopted 3, Population in 1846. Area 47,000 square miles, or 30,080,000 acres. 1865, 3,831,777. It is the most populous, wealthy and commercial of the States. White male citizens of the United States, who have resided and election district in the State one year, in the county four months*, who have resided thirty days, are entitled to vote ; and all men of color in the State three years, and own and pay taxes on a freehold assessed at $250.

NORTH CAROLINA was settled at Albemarle, in 1650, by the English, and was chartered March 20, 1663. It was one of the original thirteen States, and ratified the United States Constitution, November 21, 1789 ; its State Constitution was adopted December 18, 1776, and amended in 1835. Area 50,704 square miles, or 32,450,560 acres. Population in 1860, 992,622, of whom 331,059 were slaves. It is an agricultural State, with some mines and extensive pine forests. Every freeman of 21 years of age, having resided one year in any county in the State, may vote for a member of the House of Commons, but must own fifty acres of land to vote for a Senator. A State Convention passed an ordinance of secession May 21, 1861. An election for delegates to a State Convention took place September 21, 1865. The Convention assembled October 2. On the 2d of October it passed an ordinance forever prohibiting slavery. The Legisla ture ratified the Constitutional amendment December 1. An election was held on the first Thursday of November, for Governor, Members of Con gress and the Legislature.

OHIO was settled at Marietta,in 1788, by emigrants from Virginia and New England ; was ceded by Virginia to the United States October 20, 1783 ; accepted by the latter March 1, 1784, and admitted into the Union April 30, 1802. Area 39,964 square miles, or 25,576,960 acres. Popula tion in 1860, 2,339,511. It is the most populous and wealthy of the agri cultural States, devoted principally to wool growing, grain and live stock. A male of 21 years of age; who has resided in the State one year, and has paid or been charged with a State or county tax, is eligible to vote.

OREGON, although it had previously been seen by various naviga tors, was first taken possession of by Capt. Robert Gray, who entered the mouth of its principal river May 7, 1792, naming it after his vessel, the Columbia, of Boston. Exploring expeditions soon followed, and fur com panies sent their trappers and traders into the region. In 1811 a trading post was established at the mouth of the Columbia river by the American Fur Company, who named it Astoria. For some time a Provisional Ter ritorial Government existed, but the boundary remained unsettled until the treaty with Great Britain in 1846, when the 49th parallel was adopted. It was formally organized as a Territory August 14, 1848 ; was divided March 2, 1853, on the 46th parallel, the northern portion being called Washington and the southern Oregon. November 9, 1857, a State Con stitution was adopted, under which it was admitted February 14, 1859, THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. 93

about one-third of it on the east being added to Washington Territory, its northern boundary following the Columbia river until its intersection with latitude 46 north. Area 102,606 square miles, or 65,667,840 acres. Population in 1860, 52,465. It is an agricultural State, pos sessed of a fertile soil, extensive pastures, genial climate, and is well wooded. Gold and other precious metals are found in considerable abun dance.

TENNSYL YANIA was settled at Philadelphia, in 1681, by Eng lish Quakers, and was chartered February 28 of the same year. It was one of the original thirteen States, ratifying the United States Constitution December 12, 1787 ; adopted a State Constitution September 28, 1776, and amended it September 2, 1790. Area 46,000 square miles, or 29,440,000 acres. Population in i860, 2,906,115. It is the second State in wealth and population, and the principal coal and iron mining region in the Union, itesiuence in the State one year, and ten days in the election district, with payment of a State or county tax assessed ten days prior to an election, gives the right to vote; except that citizens between 21 and 22 years ofage need not have paid the tax.

RHODEISLAND was settled at Providence in 1636, by the Eng lish from Massachusetts, under Roger Williams. It was under the juris diction of Massachusetts until July 8, 1662, when a separate charter was granted, which continued in force until the formation of a Constitution in September, 1842. It was one of the original thirteen States, ratifying the United States Constitution May 29, 1790. Area 1,306 square miles, or 835,840 acres. Population in 1860, 174,620. It is largely engaged in manufactures. A freehold possession of $13 ; or, if in reversion, renting for $7, together with a residence of one year in the State and six months in the town ; or, if no freehold, then a residence of two years in the State and six months in the town, and payment of $1 tax or military service in stead, are the qualifications of voters.

SOUTH CAROLINA was settled at Port Royal, in 1670, by the English, and continued under the charter of Carolina, or North Carolina, until they were separated in 1729. It was one of the original thirteen States, ratifying*the United States Constitution May 23, 1798 ; it framed a State Constitution March 26, 1776, which was amended March 19, 1778, and June 3, 1790. Area 29,385 square miles, or 18,806,400 acres. Population in 1860, 703,708, of whom 402,406 were slaves, an excess of 101,270 over the whites. It is the principal rice-growing State. Whites, who have re sided in the State two years and district six months, and have a freehold of fifty acres of land, or have paid a State tax, are entitled to vote. De cember 17, 1860, a Convention assembled in Columbia, adjourned to Charleston, and on the 24th unanimously adopted an ordinance of seces sion, which was followed the next day by a Declaration of Causes claimed to be sufficient to justify the act. An election for delegates to a State Con vention was held September 4, 1865. The Convention assembled Sep tember 13, and adjourned on the 28th. It repealed the ordinance of seces sion abolished slavery, equalized the representation of the Senate and taxation throughout the State, giving the election of Governor and Presi dential electors to the people, ordered voting in the Legislature by viva voce, endorsed the Administration unanimously, and directed a commis sion to submit a code to the Legislature for the protection of the colored population. The Legislature ratified the Constitutional Amendment No vember 13, 1865. 94 THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC.

TENNESSEE was settled at Fort Donelson, in 1756, by emigrants from Virginia and North Carolina ; was ceded to the United States by North Carolina December, 1789, conveyed by the Senators of that State February 25, 1790, and accepted by act of Congress April 2 of the same year ; it adopted a Constitution Feb. 6, 1796, and was admitted into the Union the 1st of June following. Area 45,600 square miles, or 29,184,000 acres. Population in 1860, 1,109,601, of whom 275,179 were slaves. It is a mining and agricultural State, and is largely productive of live stock. Citizens of the United States who have resided six months in the county are entitled to vote. A military league was formed between the Governor, Isham G. Harris, and the rebel States, May 7, 1861, ratified the same day by the Senate by a vote of 14 to 6, and a Declaration of Independence submitted to the people, the election to be held June 8, the result of which was declared by the Governor, June 24, to be 104,913 for, and 47,238 against. This movement not being acceptable to the people of East Ten which had declared against separation a vote of 32,923 to nessee, June'by 14,780, they, in a Convention held at Greenville, 18-21, repudiated it. An drew Johnson, Provisional Governor of the State, called a State Conven tion to be held in Nashville the second Monday in January. Delegates were elected, the Convention met, declared slavery forever abolished, pro hibited compensation to owners of slaves, and abrogated the secession or dinances. These amendments of the Constitution were submitted to the people 22d of February, 1865, with the following result : For ratification, 22,197; rejection, 63. The United States Constitutional Amendment was ratified April 5, 1865.

TEXAS was first settled at Bexar, in 1694, by Spaniards; formed a part of Mexico until 1836, when she revolted from that Republic and in stituted a separate Government, under which she existed until admitted into the Union by a joint resolution approved March 1st, 1845, imposing certain conditions, which were accepted, and a Constitution formed July 4 of the same year, and another joint resolution adopted by Congress, consummating the annexation, was approved December 29, 1845. Area 237,504 square miles, or 152,002,500 acres. Population in 1860, 604,215, of whom 182,566 were slaves. It is an agricultural region, .principally devo ted to grain, cotton and tropical fruits. Free white male citizens of 21 years of age, who have resided in the State one year and district six months are entitled to vote. A Convention assembled at Galveston Jan uary 28,1861, and on February 1 passed an ordinance of secession, by a vote of 166 to 7, to be submitted to the people February 23, and on March 4 they declared the State out of the Union, and Gov. Houston issued a Proclamation to that effect.

VERMONT was settled in 1724, by Englishmen from Connecticut, chiefly under grants from New Hampshire ; was formed from a part of the of New act of its territory York, by Legislature March 6, 1769 ; framed a Constitution December 25, 1777, and was admitted into the Union March virtue of an act of 4, 1791, by Congress passed February 18 of the same year. Area 10,212 square miles, or 6,535,680 acres. Population in 315,098. It is a 1860, grazing region, producing more wool, live stock, cheese and maple sugar, butter, hay, in proportion to its population, than any other State. Any citizen of the United States who has resided in the State one year, and will take the oath of allegiance, is entitled to vote. THE STATES, THEIR SETTLEMENT, ETC. 95

VIRGINIA was settled at Jamestown, in 1607, by the English, and was chartered April 10, 1606, May 23, 1609, and March 12, 1612. It was one of the original thirteen States, ratifying the United States Constitution June 25, 1788 ; it framed a State Constitution July 5, 1776, which was amended January 15, 1830. The State was divided in 1863. Present area 37,352 square miles. Population in 1860, 1,314,532, of whom 481,- 410 were slaves. It is a large corn producing, and the chief tobacco grow ing State. Every white male citizen of the age of 21 years, who has been a resident of the State for one year, and of the county, city or town where he offers to vote for six months next preceding an election, and has paid all taxes assessed to him, after the adoption of the Constitution, under the laws of the Commonwealth after the re-organization of the county, city or town where he offers to vote, is qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly and all officers elective by the people. A Convention sitting in Richmond on the 17th of April, 1861, passed an ordinance of secession, by a vote of 88 to 55, which was submitted to the people at an election held May 23, the result of which was announced June 25 to be 128,824 for, and 32,134 against. The State Government was re-organized by a Convention which met at Wheeling, May 11, 1861. Upon the divi sion of the State in 1863, the seat of Government was removed to Alexan dria. A State Constitutional Convention, March 10, 1864, adopted a sec tion abolishing slavery.

WEST VIRGINIA.On the passage of the ordinance of se cession by the Virginia Convention, a Convention of the western and other loyal counties of the State was held at Wheeling, which assembled May 11, 1861, and on the 17th unanimously deposed the then State officers and organized a Provisional Government. On the 26th of November, 1861, a Convention representing the western counties assembled in Wheeling and framed a Constitution for West Virginia, which was submitted te the people on the 3d of May, 1862, and adopted by them by a nearly unani mous vote. The division of the State was sanctioned by the Legislature May 13, 1862, and ratified by Congress by an act approved December 31, 1862, conditioned on the adoption of an amendment to the Constitution providing for the gradual abolition of slavery, which was done on the 24th of March, 1863, by a vote of the qualified electors of the proposed State, 28,318 votingin favor of the amendment, and 572 against it.. In pursu ance of the act of Congress, the President issued a Proclamation, April 20, 1863, admitting the State sixty days from the date thereof, and on the 20th of June the new State Government was formally inaugurated. Area 24,000 square miles. Population in 1860, 350,599, of whom 12,754 were slaves. It is a large corn producing State, and abounds in coal and other minerals. The Alexandria Legislature adopted the United States Consti tutional Amendment February 9, 1865. White male citizens, residents of the State one year and county thirty days, unless disqualified by rebellion, are entitled to vote.

WISCONSIN was settled at Green Bay, in 1669, by the French ; was a part of the territory ceded by Virginia, and was set off from Mich igan December 24, 1834, and was organized into a Territory April 30, 1836. Iowa was set off from it June 12, 1838, and acts were passed at various times setting its boundaries. March 3, 1847, an act for its admis Procla- sion into the Union was passed, to take effect on the issuing of a 96 THE TERRITORIES, THEIR BOUNDARIES, ETC. mation by the President, and by act of May 29, 1848, it was admitted into acres. Population the Union. Area 53,924 square miles, or 34,511,360 in engaged in grain 1860, 775,881. It is an agricultural State, chiefly raising and wool growing. Both white and colored citizens of the United States, or white foreigners who have declared their intention to become citizens, are entitled to vote. Colored citizens were admitted to the franchise, by a decision of the Supreme Court, rendered the 27th day of March, 1866, holding that, whereas an election was held in 1849, under the provisions 5,265 votes were cast in of chapter 137, of that year, at which election favor of the extension of the right of suffrage to colored men, and 4,075 against such extension, therefore, the section of said law conferring such right had been constitutionally adopted and is the law of the land.

THE TERRITORIES,

THEIR BOUNDARIES, AREA, PHYSICAL FEATURES, ETC.

ALASEA, our new territory, recently purchased of Russia, compre hends all the north-west coast on the Pacific, and the adjacent islands north of the parallel of 50 degrees 40 minutes north, and the portion of the main 140 land west ofthe meridian (about west) of Mount St. Elias. The area is computed at 481,276 square miles. The climate, although warmer than in the same latitude on the eastern coast, is too rigorous to admit of suc cessful agricultural operations, and the chief value of the country and ad jacent seas is derived from their fisheries and hunting grounds. The south ern and central portions are mountainous; the northern portion along the Arctic ocean is quite flat, nowhere rising more than fifteen or twenty feet above the sea. The population is estimated at about 80,000, mostly Esqui- meaux.

ARIZONA was organizedby the Thirty-Seventh Congress, in the win ter of 1863, out of the western half of New Mexico, the boundary between the two Territories being the 109th meridian (32d west from Washington,) and includes the greater portions of the valleys of Colorado and Gila, which two rivers drain its entire surface,with parts of Utah, New Mexico and Nevada, and yet convey, it is reported, a less volume of water to the sea than the Hudson at Albany. The fertile Messilla Valleywas left with New Mexico. The Territory forms a block nearly square, and contains 126,141 square miles, or 80,730,240 acres. Its white population is probably considerably less than 10,000. For agricultural purposes it is probably the most worthless on the Continent, owing to the absence ofrains, but it is reputed to abound in silver mines.

COLORADO was organized March 2, 1861, from parts of Kansas, Nebraska and Utah, and is situated on each side of the Rocky Mountains, 37 25 32 between latitude and 41, and longitude and west from Wash- THE TERRITORIES. THEIR BOUNDARIES, ETC. 97

ington. Area 104,300 square miles, or 66,880,000 acres. Population 50,- 000, besides numerous tribes of Indians. By an enabling act passed March 21, 1864, the people of the Territorywere authorized to frame a State Con stitution and organize a State Government, and a Convention accordingly met in 1865, and on the 12th of August adopted a Constitution, which was submitted to and adopted by the people September 5, and State officers elected November 14. A bill to admit the Territory as a State passed Congress, but was vetoed May 25, 1866. It is said to be a superior graz ing and cattle producing region, with a healthy climate and rich soil. An extensive coal bed, and also gold, iron and other minerals abound.

DAEOTA was first settled by emyloyees of the Hudson Bay Com pany, but is now being peopled by emigrants from the Northern and Wes tern States. It was set off from the western portion of Minnesota when that Territory became a State in 1857, and was organized March 2, 1861. Area 148,932 square miles, or 95,316,480 acres. Population 2.576 whites, and 2,261 Indians, besides the roving tribes.

IDAHO was organized by the Thirty-Seventh Congress, at its second Mountains,' session, in the winter of 1863. Its name means 'Bead of the and it embraces the whole breadth of the Rocky Mountain region, and has within its bounds the head waters of nearly all the great rivers that flow down its either slope, but the greater portion lies east of the mountains. Its southern boundary is the 41st, its northern the 46th parallel of latitude. It extends from the 104th meridian on the east to the 110th on the west. Area 326,373 square miles, or 208,870,720 acres. For agricultural purposes it is comparatively worthless, but abounds in gold and other valuable mines.

MONTANA was settled by emigrants from the Northern and West ern States. Organized in 1864, with the following boundaries: Com 27 mencing at a point formed by the intersection of the L. W. from Wash 45^ ington with the N. L. ; thence due west on said 45th degree to a point formed by its intersection with the 34th degree W. from Washington ; thence due south along said 34th degree of longitude to its intersection with the 44th degree and 30 minutes of N. L. ; thence due west along said 44th degree and 30 minutes of N. L. to a point formed by its intersection with the crest of the Rocky Mountains; thence following the crest of the Rocky Mountains northward till its intersection with the Bitter Root Mountains ; thence northward along the crest of said Bitter Root Moun tains to its intersection with the 39th degree of longitude W. from Wash ington; thence along said 39th degree of longitude northward to the boundary line of the British possessions; thence eastward along said boundary to the 27th degree of longitude W. from Washington ; thence southward along said 27th degree to the place of beginning. This makes it the northermost Territory next the States east ofthe Missouri Valley. It is a good mining and agricultural region. The total population is put down at 15,822. Large accessions have been made since the census was taken.

NEWMEXICO was formed from a part of the territory ceded to the United Statesjby Mexico, by the treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalgo, Feb ruary 2, 1848, and was organized into a Territory September 9, 1850. Area 121,201 square miles, or 77,568,640 acres. Population 83,000, besides large tribes of warlike Indians. The principal resource of the country is its minerals. 98 STAMP DUTIES.

UTAHwas settled by the Mormons, and was formed from a part of the territory ceded to the United States by Mexico, by the treaty ofGuada- loupe Hidalgo, February 2, 1848, and was organized into a Territory, Sep Popula- tember 9, 1850. Area, 106,382 square miles, or 68,084,480 acres. ton, 40,273, of whom 29 were slaves. Brine, sulphureous and chalybeate springs abound ; limestone, granite, sandstone and marble are found in large quantities ; iron is abundant, and gold, silver, copper, lead and zinc have been found. Not one-fiftieth part of the soil is fit for tillage, but on that which is, abundant crops of grain and considerable cotton are raised. A Convention was held at Great Salt Lake City, January 22, 1862, and a State Constitution formed, but it has not been acted on by Congress.

WASHINGTONytas settled by emigrants from the Northern and Western States, and was organized into a Territory, March 2, 1853, from the northern portion of Oregon, to which was added another portion from the eastern part when the latter Territory was admitted as a State, February 14, 1859. Area 69,994 square miles, or 48,636,800 acres. Population 11,168, besides numerous tribes of Indians.

STAMP DUTIES.

SCHEDULE OF DUTIES ON AND AFTER MARCH 1, 1S67.

Stamp Duty. Stamp Duty. Accidental injuries to persons,tick bank, banker or trust compa ets, or contracts for insurance ny at sight or on demand, 2 against, exempt. When drawn upon any other per Affidavits, exempt. son or persons, companies or Agreement or contract not other corporations, for any sum ex wise specified : ceeding $10, at sight or on de For every sheet or piece ofpaper mand, s upon which either of the same Bill of exchange, (inland,) draft or shall be written, $0 5 order for the payment of any Agreement, renewal of,same stamp sum of money not exceeding as original instrument. $100, otherwise than atsight or Appraisement of value or damage, on demand, or any promissory or for other purpose any : For note, or any memorandum, each sheet of paperon which it check, receipt, or other writ is written, 6 ten or printed evidence of an Assignment of a same lease, stamp amount of money to be paid on as original, and additional demand or at a time designa stamp upon the value or con ted : For a sum not exceedings sideration of transfer, accord $100, 5 to the rates of stamps ing on And for every additional $100 or deeds. (See.Conveyance.) fractional part thereof in ex Assignment of policy of insurance, cess of $100, g as original same stamp instru Bill of exchange, or let ment. (See (foreign.) Insurance.) ter ofcredit drawn in, but pay Assignment of same mortgage, able out of, the United States : as that required upon a stamp If drawn singly, same rates of mortgage for the amount re duty asinland bills ofexchange maining unpaid. (See Mort or promissory notes. If gage.) drawn in sets ofthree or more, Bank draft or order for check, any for everybill of each set, where of drawnupon sum money any the sum madepayable shall not STAMP DUTIES. 99

Stamp Duty. Stamp Duty. exceed $100 or the equivalent rine surveyor, or other person thereof in any foreign currency 2 acting as such, 25 And for every additional $100, or Certificate of deposit of any sum of fractionalpartthereofin excess money in any bank or .met of $100, 2 company, or with any banker or person as such : If Bill of lading or receipt (other than acting for a not 2 charter party) for any goods, sum exceeding $100, merchandise, or effects to be For a sum exceeding $100. 5 exported from a port or place Certificate of any other descrip in the United States to any for tion than those specified, 5 eign port or place, 10 Charter, renewal of, same stamp as Bill of lading to any port in Brit an original instrument. ish North America, exempt. Charter party for the charterof any Bill oflading, domestic or inland, exempt. ship or vessel, or steamer, or Bill of sale by which any ship or any letter, memorandum, or vessel, or any part thereof,shall other writing relating to the be conveyed to orvested in any charter, or any renewal or other person or persons : transfer thereof: If the regis When the consideration Bhall not tered tonnage of sach ship, exceed $500, 50 vessel, or steamer does not ex Exceeding $500, and not exceed ceed 150 tons, 1 00 ing $1,000. 1 00 Exceeding 150 tons, and not ex 300 Exceeding $1,000, for every ad ceeding tons, 3 00 ditional $500, orfractional part Exceeding 300 tons, and not ex thereof, 50 ceeding 600 tons, 5 00 Bond for indemnifying any person Exceeding 600 tons, 10 00 for the payment of sum ot Check. Bank check, 2 any Broker' money : When the money ulti Contract. s note, or mem mately recoverable thereupon orandum of sale of any goods is $1,000 or less, 50 or merchandise, exchange, real When in excess of $1,000, for estate, or property of any kind each $1,000 or fraction, 50 or description issued by brok Bond-administrator or guardian, ers or persons acting as such : when the value of the estate For each noteor memorandum and effects, real and personal, of sale, 10 does not exceed $1,000, exempt. Bill or memorandum of the sale Exceeding $1,000, 1 00 or contract for the sale of Bond for due execution or per stocks, bonds, gold or silver formance of duties of office, 1 00 bullion,coin, promissorynotes, Bond, personal, for security for or other securities made by the payment of money. (See brokers, banks, or bankers, Mortgage.) either for the benefit of others Bond ofany description, otherthan or on their own account : For each hundred or frac sdch as may be required in le dollars, gal proceedings, or usedin con tional part thereof, of the nection with mortgage deeds, amount of such sale or con and not otherwise charged in tract, 1 this schedule, 35 Bill or memorandum of the sale Broker'snotes. (See Contract.) or contract for the sale of Certificates of measurement or stocks, bonds, gold or silver weight of animals, wood, coal bullion,coin.promissorynotes, or hay, exempt. or other securities, not his or Certificates ofmeasurement ofoth their own property, made by er articles, 5 any person, firm, or company Certificates of stock in any incor not payinga special tax as bro porated company, 25 ker, bank or banker : For each hundred Certificates of profits, or any certi dollars, or fractional ficate ormemorandum showing part thereof, of the amount of an interest in the property such sale or contract, 5 oraccumnlations of any incor Contract. (See Agreement.) porated company : If for a sum Contract, renewafof, same stamp not less than $10 and not ex as original instrument. ceeding $50, 10 Conveyance, deed, instrument or Exceeding $50 and not exceed writing, whereby any lands, ing $1,000, 25 tenements, or other realty sold shall be Exceeding $1,000, for every ad Granted, assigned, or otherwise con ditional $1,000 or fractional transferred^ veyed to or vested in the pur part thereof, 25 chaser or purchasers, or any Certificate. Anycertificate of dam other person orpersons, by his, age or otherwise, and all other her or their direction, when the certificates or documents is consideration or value does not ma- sued by any port warden, exceed $500, E0 100 STAMP DUTIES.

Stamp Duty, Stamp Duty, When the consideration exceeds peals from justice courts or of Inferior juris $500, and does not exceed other courts $1,000, 1 00 diction to a courtof record. exempt. Andfor every additional $500, or Warrantofdistress. exempt. administration. (See fractional part thereof, in ex Letters of cess of $1,000, 50 Probate of will.) when the Conveyance. The acknowledg Letters testamentary, ment of a deed, or proof by a value of the estate and effects, witness, exempt. real and personal, does not ex Conveyance. Certificate of record ceed $1,000, Exempt. ofa deed, exempt. Exceeding $1,000, 5 Credit, letter of. Same as foreign Letters of credit. Same as bill of bill ofexchange. exchange, (foreign.) Custom-house entry. (See En Manifest for custom-house entry or try.) clearance of the cargo of any Custom-house withdrawals. (See ship, vessel, or steamer, for a Entry.) foreign port : Deed. (See Conveyance Trust If the registered tonnage of such deed.) ship, vessel, or steamer does Draft. Same as inland bill of ex not exceed 300 tons, 1 00 change Exceeding 300 tons, and not ex Endorsement ofany negotiable in ceeding 600 tons. 3 00 strument, exempt. Exceeding 600 tons, 5 00 Entry of any^roods, wares or mer [These provisions do not ap chandise at any custom-house, ply to vessels or steamboats either forconsumption or ware plying between ports Of the housing: Not exceeding $100 United States and British in value, 25 North America.] Measurers' Exceeding $100, and not exceed returns, exempt, ing $500 in value. 60 Memorandum of sale, or broker's Exceeding $500 in value, 1 00 note, (nee Contract.) Entry for the withdrawal of any Mortgage oflands, estate, or pro foods or merchandise from perty, real or personal, herita onded warehouse, 50 ble or movable, whatsoever, a Gauger's returns, exempt. trust deed in the nature of a Indorsement upon a stamped obli mortgage,or any personalbond gation in acknowledgment of given as security for the fulfillment,' pay its exempt. ment of any definite or certain Insurance (life) policy : When the sum ofmoney ; exceeding $100, amount insured shall not ex and not exceeding $500, 50 ceed $1,000, 25 Exceeding $500, and not exceed Exceeding $1,000, and not ex ing $1,000, 1 00 ceeding $5,000, 50 And for every additional $500, or Exceeding $5,000, 1 00. fractional part thereof, in ex Insurance (marine, inland, and cess of $1,000, fire,) policies, orrenewal of the Order for payment ofmoney, ifthe same : Ifthe premium does not amount is $10, or over, exceed $10, 10 Passage ticket on any vesBel from Exceeding $10, aBd not exceed a port in the United States to a ing $50, so foreign port, not exceeding Exceeding $50, 50 $35, BO Insurance contracts or tickets Exceeding $35, and not exceed against accidental injuries to ing $50, 1 00 persons, exempt. And for every additonal $50, or Lease, agreement, memorandum, fractional part thereof, m ex or contract forthe hire, use, or cess of $50, 1 00 rent of any land, tenement, or Passage tickets to ports in Brit portion thereof: Where the ish North America, exempt. rent or rental value Is $300 per Pawner's checks, 5 annum or less, 50 Power of attorney for the sale or Where the rent or rental value transfer ofany stock, bonds or exceeds the sum of $300 per scrip, or for the collection of annum, for each additional any dividends orinterestthere $200, or fractional part thereof on, 25 in excess of $300, 50 Power of attorney, or proxy, for Legal documents : voting at any election for offi writ, or other original process, cers of any incorporated com by which any suit, either crim pany or society, except reli inal or civil, is commenced in gious, charitable, or literary any court, either oflaw or equi societies, or public cemeteries, 10 ty, exempt. Power of attorney to receive or col Confession of judgment or cog lect rent, 25 novit, exempt. Power of attorney to sell and con ap- Writs or other process on vey real estate, or to rent or STAMP DUTIES. 101

Stamp Duty. Stamp Duty. lease the same, the collection from the United Power of attorney for any other States Government of claims purpose, 50 by soldiers, or their legal rep Probate ofwill, orletters ofadmin resentatives, for pensions, istration ; where the estateand back pay, bounty, or for prop effects fororln respectofwhich erty lost in the service, exempt. such probate or letters of ad ministration applied for shall CANCELLATION. be sworn or declared notto ex ceed the value of $1,000, exempt. In all cases where an adhesive stamp is Exceeding $1,000, and not ex used for denoting the stamp duty upon an ceeding $2,000, 1 00 instrument, the perBon using or affixing the thereupon in Exceeding $2,000, for every ad same must write or imprint ditional $1,000, or fractional ink the initials of his name, and the date part thereof, in excess of (the year, month, and day) on which the $2,000, 50 same is attached or need. Each stamp Promissory note. (See Bill of ex should be separately cancelled. When change, inland.) stamps are printed upon checks, &c, so Depositnoteto mutual insurance that in filling up the instrument, the face of be writ companies, when policy is sub the stamp is and must necessarily ject to duty, exempt. ten across, no other cancellation will be re Renewal ofa note, subject to the quired. legi same duty as an original note. All cancellation must be distinct and Protest of note, bill of exchange, ble, and except in the case of proprietary acceptance, check, or draft, or stamps from private dies, no method of from that above any marine protest, 35 cancellation which differs Quit-claim deed to be stamped as a described can be recognized as legal and conveyance, except when giv sufficient. en as a release of a mortgage by the mortgagee to the mort PENALTIES. gagor, in which case it is ex empt ; bnt if it contains cove A penalty of fifty dollars is imposed upon nants may be subject as an every person who makes, signs, or iSBues, agreement or contract. or who causes to be made, Bigned, or Issu Receipts for satisfaction of any ed, any paper of any kind or description mortgage or judgment or de whatever, or who accepts, negotiates, or cree of any court, exempt. pays, or causes to be accepted, negotiated, or Receipts for any sum of money or or paid, any bill of exchange, draft, or debt due, or for a draft or oth der, or promissory note, for the payment of er instrument given for the money, without the samebeing duly stamp payment ofmoney ; exceeding ed, or having thereupon an adhesive stamp $20, not being for Batlsfection for denoting the tax chargeable thereon, of any mortgage or judgment cancelled in the manner required by law, or decree of court, S with Intent to evade the provisions of the (See Indorsement.) revenue act. Receipts for the delivery of pro A penalty oftwo hundred dollars is im nego perty, exempt. posed upon every person who pays, Renewal of agreement, contract or tiates, or offers in payment, or receives or bill of exchange or charter, by letter or otherwise, takes in payment, any sum of same stamp as original instru order for the payment ofany money a ment. drawn or purporting to be drawn in for Sheriff's return on writ or other eign country, but payable in the United proper has been af process, exempt, States, until the stamp Trust deed, made to secure a debt, fixed thereto. to be stamped as a mortgage. A penalty of fifty dollars is imposed upon makes Warehouse receipts, exempt. every person who fraudulently use to denote the re Warrant of attorney accompany of an adhesive stamp duty ing abond or note, if the bond quired by this revenue act, without effectu and the same in or note is stamped, exempt. ally cancelling obliterating Weigher's returns, exempt, the manner required bylaw. Official docnments, instruments, Attention is particularly called to the fol section of the act and papers issued by officers lowing extract from 155, of the United States Govern of June 30, 1864, as amended by the act of ment, exempt. July 13, 1866 : Official instruments, documents, "If any person shall wilfully remove or cause to be al and papers issued by the offi cause to beremoved, alter or marks on cers ofany State, connty,town, tered, the cancelling or defacing intent to use the orothermunicipal corporation, any adhesive stamp, with in the exercise of functions same, or to cause tne use ofthe same,after orshall know strictly belonging, to them In it shall have been uBed once, such washed their ordinary governmentalor ingly or wilfully sell or buy offer the same for municipal capacity, exempt, or restored stamps, or the same to per- Papers necessary to be used for sale,, orgive or expose any G 102 STAMP DUTIES. son for use, or knowingly use the same or it admissible In evidence, or to entitle It to prepare the same with intent for the fur record. ther use thereof, or if any person shall Certificates ofloan In which there shall knowingly and without lawfef excuse (the appear any written or printed evidence of proofwhereof shall lie on the person accus an amount ofmoney to be paid on demand, ed) have in his possession any washed, re or at a timedesignated, are subject to stamp notes." stored, or altered stamps, which have been duty as "promissory removed from any vellum, parchment, pa When two or more persons join Inthe ex per, instrument or writing; then, and in ecution ofan instrument, the stampto which every such case, every person so offending, the instrument is liable under the law, may and every person knowingly and wilfully be affixed and cancelled by either of them ; aiding, abetting, or assisting in committing and "when more than one signature is affix any such offence as aforesaid, shall, on con ed to the same paper, one or more stamps ** vection thereof, * be punished by may be affixed thereto, representing the a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars, whole amount of the stamp required for signatures." or by imprisonment and confinement to such hard labor not exceeding five years, or both, No stamp is required on any warrant of court." at the discretion orthe attorney accompanying a bond or note. It is not lawful to record any instrument, When such bona or note has affixed thereto document, or paper required by law to be the stamp or stamps denoting the duty re stamped, or any copy thereof, unless a quired ; and, whenever any bond or note is stamp or stamps ofthe properamount have secured by mortgage, but one stamp duty is been affixed and cancelled in the manner required on saeh paperssuch stamp duty required by law ; and uch instrument or being the highest rate required for such in copy and the record thereof are utterly null struments, or either of them. In such case and void, and cannotbe used or admitted as a note or memorandum ofthe valfte or de evidence in any court until the defect has nomination of the stamp affixed should be been cured as provided in section 158. made upon the margin or in the acknowl All willful violations of the law should be edgement of the instrument which is not reported to the United States District Attor stamped. ney within and for the district where they Particular attention is called to the are committed. change in section 154, by striking out the words "or used;" the exemption thereun GENERAL REMARKS. der is thus restricted to documents, Ac, issued by the officers therein named. Also Revenue stamps may be used indiscrimi to the changes in sections 152 and 158, by nately upon any of the matters or things the words "and cancelled in the inserting law." enumerated in Schedule B, except proprie manner required by tary and playing card stamps, for which a The acceptor or acceptors of any bill of special use has been provided. exchange, or order for the payment of any Postage stamps cannot be used in pay sum of money, drawn or purporting to be ment of the duty chargeable on instru drawn in lily foreign country, but payable ments. in the United States, must, before paying or The law does not designate which of the accepting the same, place thereupon a parties to an instrument shall furnish the stamp indicating the duty. necessary stamp, nor does the Commission It Is only upon conveyances ofrealty sold er of Internal Revenue assume to determine that conveyance stampB are necessary. A that it shall be supplied by one party rather deed of real estate made without valuable thanby another ; but ifan instrument sub consideration need not be stamped as a ject to stamp duty is issued without having conveyance ; but if it contains covenants, the necessary stamps affixed thereto, it can such, for instance, asa covenant to warrant not be recorded, or admitted, or tfsed in ev and defend the title, it should be stamped idence, in any court, until a legal stamp or as an agreement or contract. stamps, denoting the amount of tax, snail When a deed purporting to be a convey have been affixed as prescribed by law, and ance ofrealty sold, and stamped according the person who thus Issues It is liable to a ly, is inoperative, a deed of confirmation. penalty, if he omits the stamps with an in made simply to cure the defect, requires no tent to evade the provisions ofthe Internal stamp. In such case, the second deed revenue act. should contain a recital of the facts, and The first act imposing a stamp tax upon should show the reasons for Its execution. certain specified instruments took effect, so Partition deeds between tenants in com said tax is far as concerned, October 1, 1862. mon, need not be stamped as conveyances, impression which seems to prevail to The Inasmuch as there is no sale ofrealty, but that no some extent, stamps are required merely a marking out, or a defining, of the upon instruments Issued in the States any boundaries ofthe part to each; prior to belonging lately in Insurrection, the surren but where money or other valuable consid to the der, or prior establishment of collec eration is paid by one co-tenant to another districts is tion there, erroneous. for equality of partition, there is a sale to Instruments issued in those States since the extent of such consideration, and the 1862. are subject to the same tax October 1, conveyance, by the party receiving it, es as similar ones Issued at the same time should be stamped accordingly. in the other States. A conveyance of lands sold for unpaid No stamp is necessary upon an instrument taxes, issued since August 1, 1866, by the executed prior to October to make officers of mu- 1, 1862, , any county, town, or other STAMP DUTIES. 103

nicipal corporation in the discharge oftheir Bhould not be reckoned as premium in de strictly official duties, ia exempt from termining the amount of stamp taxes upon stamp tax. the policies. A conveyance ofrealty sold, subject to a When a policy of insurance properly mortgage. Bhould be stamped according to stamped has been issued and lost, no stamp the consideration, or the value of the prop is necessary upon another issued by the erty unencumbered. The consideration m same company to the same party, covering such case ia to be found by adding the the same property, time, &c., and designed amount paid for the equity of redemption simply to supply the loss. The second to the mortgage debt. The. fact that one policy should recite the loss of the first. part of the consideration is paid to the An instrument which operates as the re mortgagor and the other part to the mort newal ofa policy ofinsurance, is subject to gagee does not change tne liability of the the same stamp tax as the policy. conveyance. When a policy of insurance is issued for The stamp tax upon a mortgage is based acertain time, whether it be for one year upon the amount itis given to secure. The only or for a term of years, a receipt for fact that the value ofthe property mortgag Eremium, or any other instrument which ed is less than that amount, and that conse aB the legal effect to continue the contract quently the security is only partial, does andextenditsoperation beyond that time, re not change the liability ofthe instrument. quires the same amount ofrevenue stamps When, therefore, a second mortgage is giv as the policy itself; but such a receipt as en to secure the payment of a sum of mon is usually given for the payment of the ey partially secured by a priormortgage up monthly, quarterly, or annual premium, is on other property, or when two mortgages not a renewal within the meaning of the upon separate property are given at the statute. The payment simply prevents the same time to secure the payment of the policy from expiring^ by reason ofnon-per same sum, each Bhould be stamped as formance ofits conditions ; a receipt given though it were the only one. for such a payment requires a two-cent A mortgage given to secure a surety from stamp, if the amount received exceeds loss, or given for any purpose whatever, twenty dollars, and a two-cent stamp only. of payment has other than as security for the payment ofa When, however, the time taxa- definite and certain sum of money, is passed, and a tender ofthe premium is not able only as an agreement or contract. sufficient to bind the company, but a new The stamp duty upon a lease, agreement, policy or a new contract in some form, with memorandum, or comtractfor the iiire, use, the mutuality essential to every contract, between the insurer and or rent ofany land, tenement, or portion becomes necessary thereof, is based upon the annual rent or the insured, the same amount of stamps upon the rental value of the property leased, and the should be used aa that required duty is the same whether the lease be for original policy. permit insurance com one year, for atterm of years, or for the A issued by a life fractional part of a year only. pany changing the terms of a policy as to Upon every assignment or transfer ofa travel, residence, occupation, &c, should agreement. mortgage, a stamp tax is required equalto be stamped as a contractor that imposed upon a mortgage for the A bill single or a bill obligatory, i. e., an the form of a amount remaining unpaid ; this tax is re instrument in promissory quired upon every such transfer in writing, note, under seal, is subject to stamp duty whether there is a sale of the mortgage or as written or printed evidence ofan amount of to be paid on demand or at a not ; but no stamp is necessary upon the money of cents endorsement of a negotiable instrument, time designated, at the rate five even though the legal effect of such indorse for each one hundred dollars or fractional ment is to transfer a mortgage by which part thereof. the instrument is secured. A waiver of protest, or of demand and paper An assignment ofaleasewithin themean notice, written upon negotiable and signed the is an ing and intent of Schedule B, is an assign by indorser, agreement, requires a five-cent stamp. ment of the leasehold, or of some portion and thereof, by the lessee, or by some person A stamp duty of twenty-five cents is im or under him such an posed upon the "protest ofevery note, bill claiming by, from, ; draft," upon assignment as subrogates the assignee to of exchange, check or and marine If several the rights, or some portion ofthe rights, of every protest. notes, the lessee, or of the person standing in his bills of exchange, drafts, &c, are protest time all attached to one place. A transfer by the lessor of his part ed at the same and the same stamps should be of a lease, neither giving nor purporting and certificate, affixed the amount or twenty-five cents to give a claim to the leasehold, or to any to thus protest part thereof, but simply aright to the rents, for each note, bill, draft, &c, &c, is subject to stamp tax as a contract ed. as the the or agreement only. When, is generally case, cap deposition contains other certifi The stamp tax upon a fire insurance tion to a the cates in addition to the jurat to the affida policy is based upon premium. certificate Deposit notes taken by a mutual fire in vit of the deponent, such as a were or were not notified, surance company, not as payment of pre that the parties of or did not that they mium nor as evidence indebtedness that they did appear, it is subject to therefor, but to be used simply as a baBis did or did not object, &c, of five cents. upon which to make rateable assessments to a stamp duty an attested ofa writ or other meet the losses incurred by the company, i When copy 104 STAMP DUTIES.

process is nsed bya sheriff orother person A notice from landlord to tenant to In making personal service, or In attaching quit possession of premises requires no property, a five-cent stamp should be affix stamp. ed to the certificate of attestation. stamp tax is imposed upon every A marriage certificate issued by the offi 4nlfest for custom-house entry or clear ciating clergyman er magistrate, to be re ance of the cargo of any ship, vessel, or port." turnedto any officer ofa State, county, city, Bteamer for a foreign The amount town, or other municipal corporation, to ofthis tax in each case depends upon the constitute part ofa record, requires registered tonnage of the vessel. no stamp ; but if it is to be retained by If a vessel clears in ballast and has no theparties, a five-cent stamp should be af cargo whatever, no stamp is necessary; fixed. butifshe hasany, however smallthe amount The stamp tax upon a bill of sale, by a stamp should be used. which anyship or vessel, or any part there A bond to convey real estate requires of, is conveyed to or vested in any other stamps to the amountof twenty-five cents. person or persons, is at the same rate as The stamp duty npon the probate of a that imposed upon'conveyances of realty will, or upon letters of administration, is sold ; a bill of sale ofany other personal based upon the sworn or declared value of property should bfe stamped as a contract all the estate and effects, real, personal, or agreement. and mixed, undiminished by the debts of An assignment of real or personal prop the estate for or in respect of which such erty, orofboth, forthe benefitof creditors, probate or letters are applied for. should be stamped as an agreement or con When the property belonging to the es- ' tract. tate of a deceased, lies under dif Written or printed assignments ofagree ferent jurisdictions and it becomes neces ments; bonds, notes noj negotiable, and sary to take out letters in two or more of all other instruments the assignments places, the letters should be stamped ac of which are not particularly specified in cording to thevalue ofall the property, real, the foregoing schedule, should be stamped personal, and mixed, for or in respect of as agreements. which the particular letters In each case No stamp Is necessary upon the registry are issued. of a judgment, eventhough th registry is Letters de bonis nan should be stamped such in its legal effect as to create a lien according to the amount of property re which operates as a mortgage upon the maining to be administered upon thereun of the judgment property debtor. der, regardless ofthe stamps npon the orig When a "power of attorney or proxy for inal letters. at voting any election for officers of any A mere copy of an instrumentis not sub incorporated or company society, except ject to stamp duty unless it is a certified religious, charitable, or literary societies, one, inwhich case a five-cent should cemeteries," stamp or public is signed by sever be affixed to the certificate of the person al stockholders, owning separate and dis attesting it : bnt when an instrument Is tinct shares, it is, in Its legal effect, the executed and Issued in duplicate, triplicate, separate instrument of each, and requires &c., as in the case ofalease oftwo or more stamps to the amount of ten cents for each parts, each part has the same legal effect as and one every signature; or more stamps the other, and each should be stamped as maybeusedrepresenting the whole amount an original. required. POSTAL RATES AND REGULATIONS. 105

POSTAL RATES AND REGULATIONS.

Letters.The law requires postage on Postage per quarter (to be paid quarterly all letters (Including those to foreign coun or yearly in advance) on newspapers and than once tries whenprepaid), excepting those writ periodicals issued less frequently subscribers in ten to the President or Vice President, or a week, sent to actual any memberB of Congress, or (on official busi part ofthe United States: Semimonthly, not ness) to the chiefs ofthe executive depart not over 4 oz., 6 cts. ; over 4 oz. and over ments ofthe Government, and the heads of over 8 oz., 12 cts. ; over 8 oz. and not cts bureaux and chief clerks,iandothers invest 12 oz., 18cts. ; monthly, not over 4 oz., 8 ; not over 6 cts. over 8 ed with the franking privilege, to be pre over 4 oz. and 8 oz., ; paid by stamps or stamped envelopes, pre oz. and not over 12 oz., 9 cts.; quarterly, not payment in money being prohibited. not over 4 oz., lcent; over4oz. and over All drop-letters must be prepaid. The over 8 oz., 2 cts. ; over 8 oz. and not rate of postage on drop-letters, at offices 12 oz., 3 cts. Matteb. 4 where free delivery by carrier Is establish Transient Books not over over 4 ed. Is two cents per half ounce or fraction oz. in weight, to one address, 4 cts. ; over 8 oz. and ofa half ounce; at offices where such free oz. and not over 8 oz., 8 cts. ; not delivery is not established the rate Is one not over 12 oz., 12 cts. ; over 12 oz. and cent. over 16 oz., 16 cts. number The single rate of postage on all domes Circulars not exceeding three in tic mail letters throughout the United to one address, 2 cts. ; over 3 and not over over cts. over States, is three cents per half ounce, with 6, 4 cts. ; over 6 and not 9, 6 ; an additional rate ofthree cents for each 9 and not exceeding 12, 8 cts. (em- additional half ounce or fraction ofa half On miscellaneous mailable matter, occasional publica ounce. The ten cent (Pacific) rate is abol .bracing all pamphlets, ished. tions, transient newspapers, hand-bills and bookmanuscriptsand proof-sheets, etc.Letter postage Is to posters, Newspapers, whether corrected or not, maps, prints, en be charged on all circulars, or handbills, sheet music, blanks, flexible pat other printed matter which shall contain gravings, and sample cards, phono whatever. terns, samples, any manuscript writing postal en graphic paper, letter envelopes, Daguerreotypes, when sent in the mall, velopes or wrappers, cards, paper, plain or are to be charged with letter postage by ornamental, photographic representations weight. of different types, seeds, cuttings, bulbs, Photographs on cards, paper, and other roots and scions,) thepostageto be pre-paid can be sent one ad flexible material, (not in cases), by stamps, is on one package, to at the same rate as miscellaneous printed dress, not over 4 oz. in weight, 2 cts. ; over matter, viz., two cents for each four ounces 4 oz. and not over 8 oz., 4 cts. ; over 8 oz. or fraction thereof. and not over 12 oz., 6 cts. ; over 12 oz. and weight ofpack Photograph Albums are chargeable with not over 16 oz., 8 cts. The roots and book postage four cents for each four ages of seeds, cuttings, scions, thirty-two ounces or fraction thereof. to be franked, is limited to ounces. Newspapeb Postage.Postage on dally [All printed matter (except single cop papers to subscribers when prepaid quar ies ofnewspapers, magazines, and periodi or in either at the terly yearly advance, cals to regular subscribers) sent via over office or office of per mailing delivery, land mail, is to be charged at letteb post quarter (three 35 cts. six times months), ; age rates.] per quarter 30 cts. for tri-week- per week, ; word or communication, whether by per quarter 15 cts. ; for per Any upon the fy, semi-weekly, printing, writing, marks or signs, quarter 10 cts. for per qnarter 5 ; weekly, cover orwrapper of anewspaper, pamphlet, cents. other magazine, or other printed matter, person to Weekly newspapers (one copy only) sent than the name or address ofthe when by the publisher to actual subscribers with whom it is to be sent, and the date the pack in the county where printed and published, the subscription expires, subjects FREE. age to letter postage. 106 POSTAL RATES AND REGULATIONS.

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& b co|2;S.O-G!SPh_-iH POSTAL RATES AND REGULATIONS. 107

Additional Table of Foreign Postage.

The * Indicates that, unless the letter is registered, pre-payment is optional ; in all other cases it is required. Pamphlets and Periodicals, ten cents per four ounces or fraction thereof. % Pamphlets, Magazines, Ac, two cents per four ounces or fraction thereof.

Letters. _ Si COUNTRIES. XozXoz *i

Acapulco .

Argentine Republic, 23d each month from N. T. . Aspinwall Australia, British Mail, via Panama Bahamas, by direct steamer from New York Bogota, New Granada Bolivia Brazils, 22d each month fromNew York Buenos Ayres, 82d each month from New York. . 18 Canada, any distance, (if not prepaid, 10 ctB.) Central America, Pacific Slope, via Panama Chili, British Mail, via Panama China, via San Francisco Costa Rica Cuba. Ecuador, British Mail, via Panama Guatemala Havana Honduras Hong Kong, via San Francisco Japan, via San Francisco Mexico Montevideo, 22d each month from N. Y 18 Nassau, N. Prov., by direct steamer from N. Y. . . New Brunswick Newfoundland, (15 c. if over 8,000 miles) New Granada, (except Aspinwall and Panama). . Nicaragua, Pacific Slope, via Panama do Gulf Coast of Novla Scotia ( 16 cts. if over 3.000 miles) Panama Peru, British Mail, via Panama Porto Rico, Bri'sh Mail, via Havana or San Juan. Prince Edward's Island, fnnder 3,000 miles] Sandwich Islands, bymail to San Francisco Turk's Island. Uruguay, by Am. pkt. 22d eachmonthfrom N.Y. . 18 Vancouver's Island Venezuela, British Mail, via Aspinwall do by American Yen. packet

The recent postal treaty with Great Britain provides that besides letters and newspa sampleB," packets," ' pers, "book and packets of patterns and may be sent. Such packets

1. Must contain no writing. S. Must be fully prepaid (6 cents per 4 ounces from the IT. S., or 3 pence sterling from Great Britain.) 8. Must be open at the ends to allow inspection.

Samples of merchandise muBt not be of intrinsic value. Dutiable articlesbooks, music, &c, sent from Great Britain to the United States, are books and must, in addition to the postage, pay the regular duties, which On engravings, 25 per cent.; music and photographs, 20 per cent. If letters or articles sent to Italy are not prepaid, or are insufficiently paid, they will be charged with deficient postage, and subject to fine, on arrival at their destination. 108 RULES FOR DETECTING COUNTERFEIT BANK NOTES.

Infallible Rules for Detecting Counterfeit or Spurious Bank Notes.

Rule 1st.Examine the shading of the fine letters. Counterfeits never bear the letters in title ofBank called lathewobk, imprint perfect. This rule should bestrict which in genuine notes presents an even, ly observed, as It is infallible in detecting straight, light and silky appearance, gen counterfeits. erally so fine and smoothas to appear to be 5th.In the genuine note the landscapes all In one solid, pale body. In the counter are well finished ; trees and shrubs are feit the lines are coarse and irregular, and neatly drawn ; the limbs well proportioned, in many of the longer lines breaks will be and the foliage presenting a fine natural perceived, thus presenting a very inferior appearance ; clear sky is formed of fine finish in comparison to genuine work. parallel lines, and when clouds or heavy 2d.Observe the dies, circles and ovals skies appear, they cross each other, and In the genuine ; they are composed of a bear a soft, smooth and natural appear network of lines, which, by crossing each ance. The perspective, showing a view of other at certain angles, produce an endless the surrounding country, is always clear variety offigures ; see the one cent stamp and distinct. The small figures in the attache.). The fine line alone Is the background are always plainly seen, and unit which enables you to detect spurious their outlines and general character re work. Inthecounterfeit, therepresented cognized. Ships are well defined and the whitelines are coarse, irregular, and cross canvass has a clear texture ; railroad cars each other in a confused, irregular manner, are.very accurately delineated ; in examin thus producing blurred and imperfect ing a train observe carefully the car most figures. distant. In the counterfeit the landscape 3d. Examine the form and features of is usually poorly executed ; the leaves of all human figures on the note. In the gen trees poorly and unnaturally defined.: uine, the texture of the skin is represented The lines representing still water are by fine dots and lines intermixed. In the scratchy rather than parallel, the sky 1b eyes, the pnpilis distinctly visible, andthe represented generally in like manner, and white clearly seen ; the nose, mouth and where rolling clouds are to be seen,, the chin, well formed, natural and expressive ; unnatural effect is obvious. Domestic the lips are Blightly pouting, and the chin animals are generally poorly executed, well thrown out; and the delicate shading particularly the head and limbs ; the eyes of the neck perfectly harmonizes with the are seldom clearly defined. Ships are rest ofthe figure. Observe the fingers and poorly drawn, the texture of the canvass toes ; they should be clearly and accurately coarse and inferior in style of workman defined. The hair of the head should show ship, thus giving an artificial appearance. the fine strands and present a natural ap Railroad cars are also poorlyexecuted ; the pearance. The folds of the of hu car drapery farthest from the eye is usually the man figures should lay natural and present mostimperfect. The perspective is always a fine, finished appearance. In the counter imperfect, the figures in the background feit the female figure does not bear the can seldom be recognized. 6th. natural prominence in outlines; observe, Bills altered from a smaller to a the eyes and shading surrounding does not higher denomination, can readily be de Present the lifelike appearance it should. tected by a close observer, in consequence 'he fingers and toes are not properly and of the striking difference between the parts proportionately defined; the hair does not which have been extracted and the rest of soft and finished appearance bear that as in the note. This difference is readily per the gennine. ceived in the lack of color, body and finish 4th. Examine the imprint or engraver's ofthe dye; we have seen bills where the names in the evenness and shape of the surrounding shading in altered dies was HOW TO SUCCEED IN BUSINESS. 109 too dark, but from the back or finish of the tected by observing first the state, second white lines you have a sure test. Again the title or name of the bank, third the " " observe particularly the words Five or town or location. " " Ten Dollars as the case may be, denot General Remarkb in Reference to ing the denomination of the note ; the Counterfeits.The paper on which they parallel outlines and shading (if any) are are printed is generally of a very inferior coarse and imperfect. Alterations are fre quality, with less body, finish and tough quently made by pasting a greater denomi ness than bank note paper has. The ink nation over a smaller, out by holding the generally lacks the rich luster of the gen bill up to the light, the fraud will be per uine ; the red letters and figures are gen ceived. Another method resorted to is to erally imperfectl and the ink does not pre cut out the figures in the dies as well as sent the vermillion hue as it should. The the words one dollar, or the words two or printing is generally inferior, usually ex three as the case may be, and with a sharp hibiting specks of white in themost promi eraser, scrape down the ends and alBO the nent letters. The date and filling up, and edges of the pieces to be inserted ; when the President's and Cashier's names are the pieces thus prepared are affixed they generally written by the same person, are hardly perceivable; but by passing although in many instances they present the note through the hand, so as to feel a different appearance. There are bills in the die both with the finger and thumb circulation bearing either genuine dies or at the Bame time, the fraud will be de vignettes ; but upon close examination tected by the stiffness of the outer you will be enabled to detect any spurious " edges, occasioned by the gum or method bill, whether counterfeit or altered, by the adopted1' in affixing the parts. The letter instructions here given, ifpersevered in for S should always be examined, as in many a short time. We beg to suggest, if time alterations it is pasted or stamped at the will admit, the learner should examine " dollar;" end of the word and even when minutely every bill he receives. A pow stamped there the carrying out of the out erful pocket magnifying glass, which can lines for its shading will readily show the be purchasedfor from fifty cents to one dol fraud. Bills of broken banks are frequent lar at any of the opticians, will greatly en ly altered byextracting the name of bank, able you to see and comprehend the differ state and town; they may readily be de ence between genuine aud spurious work.

HOW TO SUCCEED IN BUSINESS.

What will my readers give to know how her shrine. Now, all this is a vile slander to get rich ? Now, I will not vouch that upon the dear blind lady. the following rules will enable every per Although wealth often appears the result sonwho may read them to acquire wealth ; of mere accident, or a fortunate concur but this I will answer for, that if ever a rence of favorable circumstances without man does grow rich by honest means, and any exertion of skill or foresight, yet any retains his wealth for any length of time, man of sound health and unimpaired mind he must practice upon the principles laid may become wealthy, if he takes the prop down in the following essay. The re er steps. marks are not original with me, but I Foremost in the list of requisites are strongly commend them to the attention honesty and strict integrity in every trans of every young man, at least as affording action of life. Let a man have the reputa the true secret of success in attaining tion of being fair and upright in his deal wealth. A single perusal of such an essay ings, and he will possess the confidence of at an impressible moment, has sometimes all who know him. Without these qualities a very wonderful effect upon the disposi every other merit will prove unavailing. " tion and character. Aek concerning a man, Is he active and capable?" " Fortune, they say, is a fickle dame full Yes. Industrious, temper of her freaks and caprices ; who blindly ate and regular in his habits f "Oh yes. trustworthy?" distributes her favors without the slightest "Is he honest? Is he discrimination. So inconstant, so waver Why, as to that, I am sorry to say that he ing is she represented, that her most faith is not to be trusted ; he needs watching ; ful votaries can place no reliance on her he is a little tricky, and will take an undue " promises. Disappointment, they tell us, advantage, if he can. Then I will have him," with will the in- 16 the lot of those who make offerings at nothing to do be HO HOW TO SUCCEED IN BUSINESS.

variable reply. Why, then, is honesty the Argus beforehand, and the hundred hands best policy ? Because, without it, you will of Briarlus afterwards. get a bad name, and everybody will shun Order and systemin the management of you. business must not be neglected. Nothing A character for knavery will prove an in Contributes more to dispatch. Have a surmountable obstacle to success in al place for everything and everything in its most every undertaking. It will be found place; a time for everything, and every that the straight line is, in business, as in thing in its time. Do first what presses geometry, the shortest.- In -a word, it is most, and having determined what is to be lose no almost impossible for a dishonest man .to done, and how it is to be done, acquire wealth by a regular process of bus time in doing it. Without this method all iness, because he is shunned as a depreda is hurry and connision, little or nothing is tor upon society. accomplished, and business is attended to Needy men are apt to - deviate : from the with neither pleasure nor profit. rule of integrity, underthe plea that, ne A polite, affable deportment is recom cessity knows no law; they might as well mended. Agreeable manners contribute add that it knows no shame. The course powerfully to a man's success. Take two and advantages is Buicidal, by destroying all confidence, . men, posseBBing equal in every ever keeps them Immured In poverty, other respect, but let one be gentlemanly, although they may possess every other kind, obliging and conciliating in his man quality for successin the world. ners ; the other harsh, rude and disobliging; Punctuality, which is said to be the soul and the one will become rich, while the of business, Is another important element other will starve. in the art of money getting, The man We are now to consider a very important known to be scrupulously exact in the ful principle in the business ofmoney-getting, fillment of his engagements, gains the namelyIndustry Dersevering, indefati- confidence of all, and may command all table attention to business. Persevering the means he can use with advantage ; iligence Is the Philosopher's stone, which whereas, a man careless and regardless of turns everything to gold. Constant, regu his promises In money matters will have lar, habitual and systematic application to every purse closed against him. Therefore business, must in time, if properly directed, be prompt in your payments. produce great results. It must lead to . Next, let us consider the advantages of wealth, with the same certainty that pov a cautious circumspection in our Inter erty follows in the train of idleness and course with the world. Slowness of be inattention. It has been truly remarked lief and a proper distrust are essential to that he who follows his amusements in Buccess. The credulous and confiding are stead ofhis business, will, in a Bhort time, ever the dupes of knaves and impostors. have no business to follow - Ask those who have lost their property The art of money-saving is an important how it happened, and you will find in part of the art of money-getting. Without most cases that it has been owing to mis frugality no one can become rich ; with it, placed confidence. One has lost by en few would be poor. ThoBe who consume dorsing, another by crediting, another as fast as they produce, are on the road to by false representations ; all of which a ruin. As most of the poverty we meet little more foresight and a little more dis with grows ont of idleness and extrava trust would have prevented. In the af gance, so most large fortunes have been fairs of this world men are not saved by the result of habitual industry and frugali faith, hut by the want of It. ty. The practice of economy is as neces Judge of men by what they do, not by sary in the expenditure of time as of " what they say. Believe in looks rather money. They say if we take care of the than words. Observe all their movements. pence the pounds will take care of them selves." Ascertain their motives and their ends. So. if we take care of the Notice what they say or do In their un minutes, the days will take care of them guarded moments, when under the Influ selves. ence of excitement. The passions have The acquisition of wealth demands as been compared to tortureB which force men much self-denial, and as many sacrifices to reveal their secrets. Before trusting a of present gratification, as the practice of man, before putting it in his power to virtue itself. Vice and poverty proceed, in you- cause a loss, possess yourself of every some degree, from the same sources, available information relative to him. namelythe disposition to sacrifice the Learn his.history, his habits, inclinations ftiture to the present ; the inability to fore andpropensities; his reputation for honor, go a smaM present pleasure for great future industry, frugality and punctuality; his advantages. Men fall 6f fortune in this prospects, resources, supports, advantages world, as they fail of happiness in the disadvantages his intentions and world and ; mo to come, simplybecause they are un of who are his tives action; friends and willing to deny themselves momentary en enemies, and what are Ms good or bad qual joyments for the sake of permanent future ities. Youmay learn a man'sgood qualities happiness. friends and advantages from his his bad Every large city is filled with persons, qualities and disadvantages from his ene who, in order to support the appearance of mies. Jfake due allowance for exaggeration wealth, constantly live beyond their In in both. Finally, examine carefully before come, and make up the deficiency by engaging in anything, and act with energy contracting debts which are never paid. afterwards. Have the hundred eyes of Others, there are, the mere drones of so- HOW TO SECURE THE PUBLIC LANDS. Ill

clety, who pass their days in idleness, and Stick to the business in which you are subsist by pirating on the hives of the in regula/ly employed. Let speculators make dustrious. Many who run a short-lived thousands in a year or a day ; mind your career of splendid beggary, could they be own regular trade, never turning from it but persuaded to adopt a system of rigid to the right hand or .to the left, if you are economy for a few years, might pass the a merchant, a professional man, or a me remainder of their days in affluence. But chanic, never buy lots or stocks, unless no 1 They must keep up appearances, yon have surplus money which yon wish they most live like other folks. to invest. Tour own business you under Their debts accumulate; their credit stand as well as other men ; but otherpeo fails ; they are harassed by duns, and be ple's business yon do not understand. sieged by constables and sheriff. In this Let your business be some one which is extremity, as a last resort, they submit to useful to the community. All Buch occu. a shameful dependence, or engage in crim pations possess the elements ofprofit in inal practices which entail hopeless wretch- themselves. edness and Infamy on themselves and families.

How to Secure the Public Lands,

OE THE ENTRY OF THE SAME UNDER THE PBE-EMPTION AND HOMESTEAD

LAWS.

The following circular gives all necessary tract, with its area ; the Register will then Information as to the procedure necessary certify to the receiver whether the land Is in purchasing and securing the public vacant, with its price ; and when found to lands : be so, the applicant muBt pay that price per or locate the same with land Department ot the Interior, 1 acre, may Gen'l Land 1865. warrant, and thereafter the Receiver will O-VFice, July 19, | " receipt," give him a duplicate which he Numerous questions having arisen as to is required to surrender previous to the the mode of procedure to purchase public delivery to him of the patent, which may lands, or acquire title to the same bybounty be bad either by application lor it to the land locations, by pre-emptlons.orby home Register or to the General Land Office. stead, this circular is communicated for the 3. If the tract has not been offered at information ofall concerned. public sale it Is not liable to ordinary pri In order to acquire title to public lands vate entry, but may be secured hy a party the following steps must be taken : legally qualified, upon his compliance with 1. Application must be made to the Reg the requirements of the pre-emption laws ister of the district land office in which the of 4th September, 1841, and 3d March, 1843; and after such shall have made ac land desired may be . situated. party A list of all the land offices in the United tual settlement for such a length of time States is furnished by the Department, as will show he designs it for his perma with the seats of the different offices, nent home, and is acting In good faith, where it is the duty of the Register and building a house and residing therein, he Receiver to be in attendance, and give may proceed to the district land office, es roper facilities and information to persons tablish his pre-emption claim according to esirous of obtaining lands. law, by proving his actual residence and The minimum price of ordinary public cultivation, and showing that he is other lands is $1,25 per acre. The even or re wise within the purview of these acts. served sections falling within railroad Then he can enter the land at $1,25, either grants are increased to double the nin.mii.n in cash or with bounty land warrant, unless price, being $3,50 per acre. the premises should be $2,50 acre lands. Lands once offered at public sale, and not In that case the whole purchase-money can afterwards kept out of market by reserva be paid in cash, or one-half in cash, the tion, or otherwise, so as to prevent free residue with a bounty land warrant. entered or parties qualified desire competition, may be located.. . 4. But if legally 2. By the applicant filing with the Regis to obtain title under the Homestead Act ter his written application describing the of 20th May, 1862, they can do so on com- plying with the Department Circular, dated that the claimant has made the land his 80th October, 1862. permanent home, he can establish his 5. The law confines Homestead entries claim and pay for the same at any time to surveyed lands ; and although, in cer before the cmte of the public sale of lands tain States andTerritories notedin the Bub- within the range in which his settlement joined rist,a>re-emptors may go on land be may fall. fore survey'yet they can onlyestablishtheir 6. All unoffered surveyed lands not ac claim after return of survey, but must file quired under pre-emption, homestead, or their pre-emption declaration within three otherwise, under express legal sanction, months after receipt of official plat, at the must be offered at public sale under the local land-office where the settlement was President's Proclamation, and struck off to made before survey. Where, however, it the highest bidder, as required by act of was made after survey, the claimant must April 24, 1820. file within three months after date of set J. M. EDMUNDS, tlement; and where actual residence and Commissioner General Land Office. cultivation have been long enough to show

LAW MAXIMS.

" 1. A promise of a debtor to give satis 7. An agreement by the holder of a note security" factory for the payment of a por to give the principal debtor time for pay tion of his debt, is a sufficient considera ment, without depriving himself of the tion for a release of the residue by his right to sue, does not discharge the surety. creditor. 8. A seller of goods who accepts, at the 2. Administrators are liable to account time of sale, the note of a third party, not for Interest on funds In their al hands, endorsed by the buyer, in payment, can though no profit shall have been made not in case the note is not paid, hold the upon them, unless the exigencies of the buyer responsible for the value of the estate rendered It prudent that should they goods,, hold the funds thus uninvested. "blotter" 9. A day-book copied from a 3. person who becomes Any voluntarily in which charges are first made, will not an agent for and In that another, capacity be received in evidence as a book of origi obtains information to which as a stranger nal entries. he could have had no access, is bound in subsequent with his as dealing principal, 10. Common carriers are not liable for purchaser of the that formed the property extraordinary results of negligence that subject of his to communicate such agency, could not have been foreseen by ordinary information. skill and foresight.

When a house is rendered untenanta 4. 11. A bidder at a 'Sheriff's sale may re ble in consequence of improvements made tract his bid at any time before the prop n the adjoining lot, the owner of such erty is knocked down to him, whatever cannot recover damages, because It Is pre may be the conditions of the sale. sumed that he had knowledge of the ap danger in time to protect proaching him 12. Acknowledgment of debt to a stran self from it. ger does not preclude the operation of the statute. 5. When a merchant ship Is abandoned by order of the master, for the purpose of saving life, and a part of the crew subse 13. The fruits and grass on the farm quently meet the vessel so abandoned and or garden of an intestate descend to the brine her safe into port, they will be enti heir. tled1o salvage. 14. Agents are solely liable to their prin 6. A person wno has been led to sell cipals. goods by means of false pretenses, cannot recover them from one who has purchased 15. A deposit of money in bank by a hus them in good faith from the fraudulent band, in the name of his wife, survives to vendor. her. LAW MAXIMS. 113

16. Money paid on Sunday contracts may 33. The amount of an express debt can be recovered. not be enlarged by application. 17. A preference to one debtor may give 34. Contracts for advertisements in Sun creditor over unless fraudor special another, day newspapers cannot be enforced. legislation can be proved. 35. A seller of or other 18. A court cannot give judgment for a goods, chattels, property, commits no in when larger sum than that specifiedin the ver fraud, law, he neglects to tell the purchaser of dict. any flaws, defects, or unsoundness in the same. 19. Imbecility on the part of either 36. The opinions of husband or wife, invalidates the mar witnesses, as to the riage. value of a dog that has been killed, are not admissible in evidence. The value of the 20. An action for malicious prosecution animal is to be decided by the jury. will lie, though nothing further was done than out warrants. suing 37. If any person puts a fence on or plows 21. An agreement not to continue the the land of another, he is liable for trespass practice of a profession or business in any whether the owner has sustained injury or specified town, if the party so agreeing has not. received a consideration for the same, is valid. 88. If a person, who iB unable from ill ness to sign his will, has his hand guided 22. When A consigns goods to B to sell in making his mark, the signature is valid. on commission, and B delivers them to C, in payment of his own antecedent debts, A 39. When land trespassed upon is occu can recover their value. pied by a tenant, he alone can bring the action. 23. A finder of property is compelled to make diligent for the owner there inquiry 40. To say of a person, "If he does not and to restore the same. on of, If, finding come and make terms with me, I will make such he attempts to conceal such him," property, a bankrupt of him and ruin or any he be prosecuted for larceny. fact, may such threatening language, is actionable, without proof of special damage. 24. A private person may obtain an in junction to prevent a public mischief by 41. In an action for slander, the party which he is affectedin common with others. making the complaintmustprove thewords alleged"; other words of like will 25. person interested obtain an meaning Any may not suffice. injunction to restrain the State oramunici palcorporation from anuisance maintaining 42. In a Buit of damages for seduction, on its lands. proof ofpregnancy, and the birth of a child, is not essential. It is sufficient if the ill 26. A discharge under the insolvent laws ness of the she was unable to of one State will not discharge the insol girl, whereby labor,"was produced shame forthe seduc vent from a contract made with a citizen of by tion and this is such a loss of service as another State. ; will sustain the action.

27. To prosecute a with other party any 43. Addressing to a wife a letter contain motive than to him to is bring justice, ing matter defamatory to the character of malicious and actionable as prosecution, her husband is a publication, and renders such. the writer amenable to damages. 28. Ministers of the gospel, residing in 44. A parent cannot sustain an action for any incorporated town, are not exempt any wrong done to a child, unless he has in from jury, military, or fire service. curred some direct pecuniary injury there from in consequence of 29. When a person contracts to build a some loss of ser vice or expenses house, and is prevented by sickness from necessarily consequent thereupon. finishing it, he can recover for the part per formed, if such part is beneficial to the 45. A master is responsible for an other party. injury resulting from the negligence of his ser whilst his 30. In a Buit for enticing away a man's vant, driving cart or carriage, actual proof ofthe marriage is not ne provided the servant is at the time engaged wife, master' m his b even though the cessary. Cohabitation, reputation, and the business, accident happens in a place to which hie admission of marriage by the parties, are master's sufficient. business does not call him ; but if the journey of a servant be solely for a pur 31. Permanent erections and fixtures, pose of his own, and undertaken without made by a mortgagor after the execution of the knowledge and consent of his master, the mortgage upon land conveyed by it, be the latter is not responsible. come a part ofthe mortgaged premises. 46. An emigrant depot is not a nuisance 32. When amarriage is denied, and plain inlaw. tiff has given sufficient evidence to estab lish it, the defendant cannot examine the 47. A railroad track through the streets is wife to disprove the marriage. not a nuisance in law. 114 LAW MAXIMS.

48. In an action for libel against a news 58. A married woman can neither sue nor paper, extracts from such newspaper may be sued on any contract made by her dur be given to show its circulation, and the ing her marriage, except in an action relat extent to which the libelhasbeen published. ing to her individual property. The action The jury, in estimating the damageB, are must be commenced either by or against to look at the character of the libel, and her husband. It is only when an action whether the defendant is rich or poor. The is brought on a contract made by her be plaintiff is entitled, in all cases, to his ac fore her marriage, that she is to be joined tual damageb, and should be compensated as a co-plaintiff, or defendant, withher hus for the mental sufferings endured, the pub band. lic disgrace and all actual discom inflicted, 59. contract made with a person ju fort produced. Any dicially declared a lunatic is void. 49. of a husband's goods a Delivery by 60. Money paid voluntarily in any trans wife to her he knowledge adulterer, having action, with a knowledge of the facts, can that she has taken them without her hus not be recovered. band's authority, is sufficient to sustain an indictment for larceny against the adul 61. In all cases of special contract for ser terer. vices, except in the case of a minor, the plaintiff can recover the amount 50. The fact that the insurer was not in only stip ulated in the contract: formed of the existence of impending liti the premises at gation, affecting insured, 62. A wife is a competent witness with the time the insurance was does effected, her to prove the contents of a lost not vitiate the policy. husband, trunk, or when a party. 51. The liability of an innkeeper is not 63. A wife cannot be convicted of receiv confined to personal baggage, but extends stolen goods them to all the property of the guest that he con ing when she received sents to receive. ofber husband.

64. Insurance against or 52. When a minor executes a contract, fire, by lightning otherwise, does not cover loss and pays money, or delivers property on the by lightning whten there is no combustion. same, he cannot afterwards disaffirm such contract and recover the or money, prop 65. Failure to prove plea of justification, erty, unless he restores to the other party in a case of slander, aggravates the offence. the consideration received from him for such money or property. 66. It is the agreement of the parties to ' sell sample that constitutes a sale 53. When a person legal inquisi by by has, by not the mere exhibition of a speci tion been found an habitual he sample, drunkard, men of the goods. cannot, even in his sober intervals, make contracts to bind himself or his property, 67. An agent is liable to his principals until the inquisition is removed. tho' for loss caused by his misstatements, unintentional. 54. Any person dealing with the repre sentativeofa deceased person, ispresumed, 68. Makers of promissory notes given in in of law, to be fully apprized the extent of advance for premiums on policies ofinsur Buch representative's authority to act in ance, thereafter to be taken, are liable there behalfof such estate. on. An 55. In an action against a railroad com 69. agreement to pay for procuring an appointment to office is void. pany, by a passenger, to recover damages for injuries sustained on the road, it is not 70. An plead the statute of compulsory upon the plaintiff to prove ac attorney may limitations, when sued by a client for mon tual negligence in the defendants ; but it ey which he has collected and failed to is obligatory on the part of the latter to pay over. prove that the injury was not owing to any fault or negligence of theirs. 71. Testimony given by a deceased wit ness on first trial, is not required to be re 56. A guest is a competent in an witness, peated verbatim on the second. action between himselfand an inn-keeper, to prove the character and value of lost 72. A person entitling himselfto a reward personal baggage. in a not Money trunk, offered forlost property, has a lien upon the the amount required exceeding reasonably property for the reward ; but only when a the traveler to the expenses of by defray definite reward is offered. the journey which he has undertaken, is a part of his baggage ; and in case of its loss, 73. Confession by a prisoner must be vol while at any inn, the plaintiff may prove its untarily made,to constitute evidence against amount by his own testimony. him.

57. The deed of a minor is not absolutely 74. The defendant in a suit must be serv void. The court is authorized to judge, ed with process ; but service of such pro from the instrument, whether it is void or cess upon his wife, even in his absence from not, according to its terms being favorable the State, is not, in the absence of statuto or unfavorable to theinterests of the minor. ry provisions, sufllcient. LAW MAXIMS. 115

75. The measure of damages in trespass 89. Contracting parties are bound to dis for cutting timber, is its value as a chattel close material facts known to each, but of on the land where it was felled, and not the which either supposes the other to be igno market price of the lumber manufactured. rant, only when they stand in some special relation of truBt and confluence in relation an indictment for mali 76. To support to the Bubject matter of the contract. But cious in an mal mischief killing animal, neither will be protected if he does any ice towards its owner must be not shown, thing, however slight, to mislead or deceive the animal merely passion excited against the other. itself. 90. A contract negotiated by mail is 77. No action can be maintained against formed when notice of acceptance^ the of a sheriff for omitting to account for money fer is duly deposited in the post-office, pro obtained upon an execution within a reas perlyaddressed. This applies, although to onable time. He has till the return day the party making the offer expressly re render such account. quires that if it is accepted, speedy notice ofacceptance shall be given him. 78. An interest in the profits of an enter as fenders the party hold prise, profits, 91. The date of an instrument is so far a it a partner iu the enterprise, and ing material part of that an alteration of intfkes him liable to share it, presumptively the date the holder after loss. by execution, any makes the instrument void. 79. Males can marry at fourteen, and fe corporation maintain an action males at twelve years of age. 92. A may for libel, for words published of them and 80. All cattle found at large upon any pub relating to its trade or business, by which lic road, can be driven by any person to the it has incurred special damages. public pound. 93. It is unprofessional for a lawyer who 81. Any dog chasing, barking, or other has abandoned his case without trying it, wise threatening a passer-by in any street, a term or two before trial, to claim a fee lane, road, or other public thoroughfare, conditional upon the success of his client, may be lawfully killed for the same. although his client was successful. 82. A written promise for the payment damages of such amount aB may come into the hands 94. Although a party obtaining received through the default of of the promisor, is held to be an instru for injuries himself of ment in writing for the payment of money. another, was guilty negligence, yet that will not defeat his recovery, unless of an is not ad 83. The declaration agent his negligence contributed to cause the in missible to establish the fact of agency. jury. But when other proper evidence is given, tending to establish the fact of agency, it 95. A person may contract to labor for an is not error to admit the declarations of the other during life, in consideration of receiv though tend agent, accompanying acts, ing his support ; but his creditors have the ing to show the capacity in which he act right to inquire into the intention with ed. When evidence is competent in one which such arrangement is made, and it will respect and incompetent in another, it is be set aside if entered into to deprive them the duty of the court to admit it, and con of his future earnings. trol its effects by suitable instructions to the jury. 96. A grantor may by express terms ex Si, The court has a general power tore- clude the bed of a river, or a highway, move or suspend an attorney for such im mentioned as boundary; but if without moral conduct as rendered him unworthy language of exclusion a line is described as 4 * upon,' ' ' of confidence in his official capacity. along, or or as running to the ' by,' ' highway or river, or as or running to 85. is pleadable in bar to all of1 Bankruptcy the bank the river; these expressions actions and in all courts, and this bar may carry the grantee to the center of the high be avoided whenever it is interposed, by way or river. showing fraud in the procurement of the or a violation of of the pro discharge, any 97. The court will takejmins to construe visions of the bankrupt act. the words used in a deed in such a way as 86. An instrument in the form of a deed, to effect the intention of the partieB, how but limited to take effect at the termination ever unskillfully the instrument may be of the grantor's natural life, is held to be a drawn. But acourt of law cannot exchange deed, not a will. an intelligible word plainly employed in a deed for another, however evident it may A sale will not be set aside as fraud 87. be that the word used was used mistake because the buyer was at the by ulent, simply for another. time unable to make the payment agreed upon, and knew his inability, and did not and intend to pay. 98. One who has lost his memory legal protec understanding is entitled to such loss is occasioned 88. No man is under an obligation to tion, whether by misconduct or an act of Provi make known his circumstances when he is his own by buying goods. dence. 116 LAW MAXIMS.

99. When a wife leaves her husband vol 111. A man charged with crime before a discharged on untarily, it must be shown, in order to committing magistrate, but make him liable for necessaries furnished his own recognizance, iB not privileged to her, that she could not stay with safety. from arrest on civil process while returning Personal violence, either threatened or in from the magistrate s office. will be sufficient cause for such flicted, sep 112. When one has been induced to sell aration. goods by means of false pretences, he can not recover them from one who has bona 100. Necessaries of dress furnished to a fide purchased and obtained possession of discarded wife must correspond with the them from the fraudulent vendor. pecuniary circumstances of the husband, and be such articles as the wife, if prudent, 113. If the circumstances attendant upon would expect, and the husband should a sale and delivery ofpersonal property are furnish, if the parties lived harmoniously such as usually and naturally accompany together. such a transaction, it cannot be declared a legal fraud upon creditors. 101. A fugitive fromjustice one of the from 114. A stamp impressed upon an instru United States to be arrested another, may ment by way of seal, is good as a seal, if it and detained in order to his surrender by creates a durable impression in the texture authority of the latter, without a previous of the paper. demand for his surrender executive by the 115. If a party bound to make a payment of the State whence he fled. use due diligence to make a tender, but through the payee's absence from home is 102. A watch will not pass under a be unable or agent authorized " apparel," to find him any quest of wearing nor of u to take payment for him, no forfeiture will household furniture and articles for fami use." be incurred through his failure to make a ly tender. 103. Money paid for the purpose of set a' or a prosecution for tling compounding Government .LandMeasure* supposed felony, cannot he recovered back by a party paying it. A township, 36 sections, each a mile square. 104. An innkeeper is liable for the death A section, 640 acres. of an animal in his possession, but may free A quarter section, half a mile square, himself from liability by showing that the 160 acres. death was not occasioned by negligence on An eighth section, half a mile long, north his part. and south, and a quarter of a mile wide, 80 acres. 105. Notice to the agent of a is company A sixteenth section, a quarter of a mile notice to the company. square, 40 acreB. The sections are numbered from one to 106. An employer is not liable to one of at the northeast his employees for an sustained the thirty-six, commencing injury by corner, thus: latter in consequence of the neglect of oth ers of his employees engaged in the same n w n e general business. 6 5 4 3 2 8 w s e 107. Where a purchaser at a Sheriff's sale has bid the full price of under property 7 8 9 10 11 12 the erroneous belief that the sale would di vest the property of all liens, it is the duty of the court to give relief by setting aside the sale. 18 17 16 15 14 13

108. When notice of protest is properly sent by mail, it may be sent by the mail of 19 20 21 22 23 24 the day of the dishonor ; if not, it must be mailed for the mail of the next day ; ex cept that if there is or closes at an none, it 30 29 28 27 26 25 unseasonably early hour, then notice must be mailed in season for the next possible mail. 31 32 33 34 35 36

109. A powder-house located in a populous part of a city, and containing large quanti The sections are all divided in quarterB, ties ofgunpowder, is a nuisance. which are named by the cardinal points, as in section one. The quarters are divi 110. When the seller of goods accepts at ded in the same way. The description of the time of the sale, the note of a third per a 40 acre lot would read : The south half son, unindorsed by the purchaser, in pay of the west half of the Bouthwest quarter presumption of section 1 in ment, the is that the pay township 24, north of range ment was intended to be absolute ; and 7 west, or as the case might be ; and some though the note should be dishonored, the times will fall short, and sometimes overrun purchaser will not be liable for the value of the number ofacres It Is supposed to con the goods. tain. DECIMAL SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 117

THE DECIMAL SYSTEM

OP

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.

As Autnorizei by Act of Congress-Approved Inly 28, 1866.

^~ STANDARDS. A cubic Meter (or Kiloliter) Is called a stere, and iB also usedas a standard in cer In system of Weights andMeasures every tain cubic measureB. it is necessary to have what are called Standards," " as the gallon, pound, yard, THE GRAM &c, to be divided and multiplied into smaller and largerparts and denominations. Is the Unit of weight, and iB the weight of The definition and construction of these a cube of pure water, each edge ofthe cube Standards involve philosophical and scien being one one-hundredth of a Meter. It Is tific principles of a somewhat abstruse about equal to 15) grains. It is intended character, and are made and procured by as the Standard in all weights, and with ita the legislative department of the govern divisions and multiples, to supersede the ment. The nominal Standards in the new use of what are now called Avoirdupois, system are the Meter, the Are, the Litee, Apothecaries and Troy Weights. and the Gram. The onlyreal Standard, the Bach of the foregoing Standards is divi one by which all the other standards are ded decimally, and larger units are also measured, and from which the system de formed by multiples of 10, 100, &c. The " Metric," rives its name of is the Meter. successive subordinate parts are designa prefixes Centl and Milli THE METER ted by the Decl, ; the successive multiples by Deka, Hecto, used for all measures of Is length, distance, Kilo and Myria ; each having its own nu and was in breadth, depth, heighth, &c, merical signification, as will oe more clear iB one ten- tended to be, and very nearly, ly seen in the tables hereinafter given. millionth of the distance on the earth's The terms used may, at first sight, have surface from the equator to the pole. It is a formidable appearance, seem difficult to or 3 3 inches and about 39% inches, feet, pronounce, and to retain In memory, and to and is to be substituted for the 3 eighths, be, therefore, objectionable ; but with a lit yard. tle attention and use, the apprehended dif THE ARE ficulty will be found more apparent than as has been abundantly proved by ex Is a surface whose side ia ten Meters, and real, perience. The also, of con is equal to 100 square Meters or about 4 importance, In the nee of commercial terms, on square rods. formity the part of the United States, with the THE LITER practice of the many nations in which the capa- haB Is the unit for measuring solids and system, with its present nomenclature, must over Ity, and Is equal to the contents of a cube already been adopted, greatly slight objection whose edge is one-tenth of a meter. It is balance the comparatively about equal to 1 quart, and Is a standard in alluded to. cubic, dry and liquid measures. H 118 DECIMAL SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.

TABLES.

Old. MONEY. New,

4 make 1 penny. 19 mills make 1 eent. farthing " " 12 pence 1 shilling. 10 cents 1 dime. " " 20 shillings 1 pound. lOdimes 1 dollar.

LONG AND CLOTH MEASURE.New.

10 millimeters make 1 centimeter. 10 centimeters u 1 decimeter. " 10 decimeters 1 atErEK. 10 meters " 1 dekameter. 10 dekameters " 1 hectometer. 10 hectometers " 1 kilometer. " 10 kilometers 1 myriameter.

SQUARE MEASURE.New.

100 square millimeters make 1 square centimeter, " 100 square centimeters 1 square decimeter. " J.00 square decimeters 1 square meter or centare_- 100 eentares " 1 ARE. " 100 ares 1 hectare.

E_if"The denominations less than the Are, including the Meter, are used in specifying the contents ofsurfaces ofsmall extent ; the terms Centare, Are and Hectare, in expres singquantities of land surveyed or measured. The abov,e table may, however, be continued beyond the Meter, thus ;

100 square meters make 1 square dekameter, " 100 square dekameters 1 square hectometer. " 100 square hectometers 1 Bquare kilometer. " 100 square kilometers 1 square myriameter.

CUBIC MEASURE.New. For Solids.

1000 cubicmillimeters 1 cubic centimeter. 1G00 cubic centimeters 1 cubic decimeter or liter. 1000 cubic decimeters 1 cubic meter or stere. 1000 cubic meters 1 cubic dekameter. 1000 cubic dekameters 1 cubic hectometer. 1000 cubic hectometers 1 cubic kilometer. 1000 cubic kilometers 1 cubic myriameter.

For Dry and Liquid Measures.

10 milliliters make 1 centiliter. 10 centiliters deciliter. 10 deciliters LITER. 10 liters dekaliter. 10 dekaliters hectoliter. 10 hectoliters kiloliter. 10 kiloliters myrialiter.

[|^"A Liter, the standard of Measures of Capacity, usually in a cylindrical form is equivalent to a cubic Decimeter, or the one-thousandth part of a cubic Meter, the contents ofwhich are about one quart,] or is a cubic The Kiloliter, Stebe, Meter, and is used as a unit in measuring firewood and lumber.

10 decisteres make 1 stere. 10 steres " 1 dekastere.

ALL WEIGHTS.New.

10 milligrams make centigram. 10 centigrams decigram. 10 decigrams ORAM. 10 grams dekagram. 10 dekagrams hectogram. 10 hectograms kilogram. 10 kilograms myriagram. 10 mynagrams quintal. 10 quintals millier or tonneau. DECIMAL SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 119

PRONUNCIATION OF TERMS.

TERMS. ENGLISH. TERMS. ENGLISH. Meter, Mee-ter. Stere, Stare. Millimeter. Mill-e-mee-ter, Are, Are. Centimeter, Sent-e-mee-ter. Centare, Sent-are. Decimeter, Des-e-mee-ter. Hectare, Hect-are. Dekameter, Dek-a-mee-ter. Gram, Gram, Hectometer, Hec-to-mee-ter. Milligram, Mill-e-gram. Kilometer, Kill-o-mee-ter. Centigram, Sent-e-gram. Myriameter, Mir-e-a-mee-ter. Decigram, Des-e-gram. Liter, Li-ter. Dekagram, Dek-a-gram. Milliliter, Mill-e-Ii-ter. Hectogram Hec-to-gram. Centiliter, Sent-e-M-ter. Kilogram, Kill-o-gram. Deciliter, Des-e-li-ter. Myriagram Mir-e-a-gram. Dekaliter, Dek-a-li-ter. Quintal, Quin-taL Hectoliter, Hec-to-li-ter. Millier, Mill-i-er. Kiloliter, Kill-o-li-ter. Tonneau, Tun-no. Myrialiter, Mir-e-a-li-ter.

Acts andResolutionsofCongress. cause the weights ormeasures expressed or referred to therein are weights or measures

PUBLIC -No. 183. of the metric system. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That AN ACT to authorize the use of the metric the tables in the schedule hereto annexed, system of weights and measures. shall be recognized in the construction of contracts, and in all legal proceedings, as Be it enacted by the Senate and House of establishing, in terms of the weights and Hepresentatives of the United StatesofAmeri measures now in use in the United States, ca in Congress assembled, That from and af the equivalents of the weights and meas ter the passage of this act, it shall be law ures expressed therein in terms of the me ful throughout the United States of Ameri tric system ; and said tables maybe lawful ca to employ the weights and measures of ly used for computing, determining and ex the metric system ; and nocontract or deal pressing, in customary weights and meas ing, or pleading in any court, shall be ures, the weightsandmeasures ofthe metric deemed invalid or liable to objection, be system.

MEASURES OP LENGTH.

Metric Denominations and Values. Equivalents in Denominations in Use.

Myriametre, 10,000 metres, 6.2137 miles. Kilom'.-tre, 1,000 metres, 0.62137 mile, or 2,280 feet and 10 inches. Hectometre, 100 metres, 328 feet and one inch. Dekametre, 10 metres, 393.7 inches. Metre, 1 m jtre, 39.37 inches. Decimetre, l-10th of a m tre, 3.937 inches. Centimetre, l-100th of a ia tre, 0.3937 inch. Millimetre l-1000th of am t'-e, 0.0394 inch.

MEASURES OF SURFACE.

Metric Denominations and Values. Equivalents in Denominations in Use,

Hectare, 10,000 squaremetres, 2.471 acres. Are, 100 square metres, 119.6 square yards. square square inches. Centare, . 1 metre, 1.550 120 DECIMAL SYSTEM OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.

_ s

Hj-^ 03

^(Nt-IOOO 3

H H

s oseo 9 __

J3 ..-_...._ -t3 e..^ ,__... H 33- S3 3 fij= < Q T~ 0 m

ti

1 _fi"3 * .2 "p "a

w o o t> c> o

8 OOooOo o

T-.00 oT-.,-po fcs Oi-I

2S +a^?n INTEREST TABLE. 121

WEIGHTS.

Metric Denominations and Values. Equivalents in DE NOMINATIONS IN USE.

No. of Weight of what quantity of Names. Avoirdupois weight. grams. water at maximum density.

Millier or tormeau, 1000000 1 cubic metre, 3204.6 pounds. Quintal, 100000 1 hectolitre, 220.46 pounds. Myrlagram, 10000 10 litres, 22.046 pounds. pounds. Kilogram, orkilo,. . 1000 llltre 2.2046 Hectogram, 100 1 decilitre, 3.5274 ounces. Dek.gram, 10 10 cubic centimetres, 0.3527 ounce. Gram, 1 1 cubic centimetre, 15.432 grains. Decigram, 1-10 .1 of a cubic centimetre. . .. 0.5432 grain. Centigram, 1-100 10 cubic millimetres, 0.1543 grain. Milligram, 1-1000 1 cubic millimetre, 0.0154 grain.-

INTEREST TABLE.

At Seven per Cent, in Dollars and Cents, from $1 to $10,000.

mos. am'nt. 1 day. 7 days. 15 days. 1 mo. 3 mos. 6 mos. 12

$ $ C. $ C. $ C. $ C. % C. $ C. % C.

1 00 00 00% oox 01% 03X 07 2 00 00% oox 01% 0%% 07 14 3 00 oox 00% 01% 05% 10% 21 4 00 oox 01 02% 07 14 28 5 00 00% 01% 03 08% 17% 35 6 00 00% 01% 03% 10% 21 42 7 00 01 02 04 12% 24% 49 8 00 01 02% 04% 14 28 56 9 00 oiH 0%% 05% 15% 31% 63 10 00# 01% 03 05% '17% 35 70 20 00% 02% OS 11% 35 70 1 40 30 oox 04 09 17& 62% 1 0B 2 10 40 00% 05*? 12 23J. 70 1 40 2 80 01 15 29% 87% 1 75 3 50 50 _ 06% 100 0% 18% 29 58 1 75 3 50 7 00 200 04 27% 58 1 16% 3 50 7 00 14 00 21 300 06 40% 87Jj. 1 75 525 10 50 00 28 00 400 08 54X 1 17 2 33% 7 00 14 00 35 00 500 10 68 1 46 2 91% 8 75 17 50 70 00 1000 19% 1 36 2 92 5 83% 17 50 35 00 140 00 2000 39 2 72% 5 83 11 66% 35 00 70 00 210 00 3000 58 4 08% 8 75 17 50 52 BO 105 00 78 5 11 67 23 70 00 140 00 280 00 4000 . 44# 38% 00 350 00 5000 97 6 80# 14 58 29 16% 87 50 175 350 00 700 00 10000 1 94 13 61 29 17 58 33 175 00 122 MISCELLANEO US.

Discount and Premium. In large cities nothing is more common than to see large business establishments, When a person buys an article for $1,00 which seem to nave an immense advantage 20 per cent off, (or discount,) and sells it over all competitors, by the wealth, expe again for $1,00, he makes a profit of 25 per rience, and prestige they have acquired, cent. on his investment. Thus: He pays drop gradually out of public view, and be 80 cents and sells for $1,00a gain of 20 succeeded by firms of a smaller capital, cents, or 25 per cent of 80 cents. And for more energy, and more determined to have any transaction where the sale or purchase the fact that they sell such and such com of gold, silver, or currency iB concerned, modities known from one end of the land to the following rules will In all cases. the other. In other words, the establish apply dignity. Rule 1st. To find premium when dis ments advertise ; the old die of count Is given: Multiply 100 by rate of The former are ravenous to pass out of ob discount and divide by 100, less rate of dis scurity into publicity; the latter believe count. that their publicity Is so obvious that It Rule 2d.To find discount when pre cannot be obscured. The first understand mium is given. Multiply the rate ofinterest that they must thrust themselves upon by 100, and divide by 100, plus the rate of public attention, or be disregarded; the premium. second, having once obtained public atten Suppose A has $140 in currency, which tion, suppose they have arrested it perma he wishes to exchange for gold, when gold nently; while, in fact, nothing is more char Is 27 per cent, premium, how much gold acteristic of the world than the ease with

should he receive . In this case the pre which it forgets. mium Is given, consequently we must find the discount on A's currency and subtract Stephen Girard, than whom no shrewder it from the $140, as per rule 2d, showing business man ever used to say : I the discount to be a trifle more than 21 per lived, have always considered advertising liber cent, and that he should receive $110,60 in and to be the great medium of gold. ally long success in T.UBiness, and the prelude to 5 pr ct. Dis. allows t5% pr ct. Pre. or profit " ' 1 wealth. And I have made it an invariable 10 til IS" " ' " " ' rule to advertise in the dullest times +17% too, 20" " " ' as well as the busiest experience '25 ; long 25" " " ' taught me that thus spent is ' 33% having money 30" " ' " * 1 well laid out as business *43 ; by keeping my 40" ' " " before the public it has secured 69% continually " ' me sales that I would otherwise have B0 100 many t__F* lost. A dagger (+) denotes the profits to be a fraction nore than specified. A(*) denotes profits to he a fraction less than specified.

Capacity of Cisterns or "Wells. Table of Weights of Grain, Seeds, See. Tabular view of the number of gallons ACCORDING^ TO THE LAWS OP NEW YORK. contained in the clear, between the brick work for each ten inches of depth : Barley weighs 48 lb. per bushel. Beans " 62 " Buckwheat" 48 " Diameter Gallons CloverSeed 60 " 2 feet equals 19 " Corn weighs B8 2% 30 Flaxseed* " 65 " 3 44 Oats " 32 " 3% 60 ' Peas " 60 " 4 78 Potatoes " 60 " i% 97 Rye " 56 " 5 122 Timothy Seed 44 " 5% 148 Wheat 69 " 6 176 6% ' 207 7 ' 240 ?Flax Seedby cust'm weighs 56 lb. perhush. 7% 275 8 ' 313 Facts' on Advertising. 8% 353 9 ' 396 The advertisements in an ordinary num 9% ' 461 ber of the London Times exceed 2,500. The 10 489 annual advertising bills of one London firm 11 ' 592 are said to amount to $200,000; and three 12 705 others are mentioned who each annually 13 ' 827 '' expend for the purpose $50,000. The ex 14 959 pense for advertising the eight editions of 15 1101 Britannia" the "Encyclopedia is said to 20 ' 1 1958 have been $15,000. 9K ' M1SCELLANE0 tJS. 123

Brilliant Whitewash. in vain to save them, hit upon the expedi ent ofhaving them harnessed as though go have heard of the brilliant stucco Many ing to their usual work; when, to his aston whitewash on the end of the Presi east ishment, they were led from the stable dent's house at Washington. The follow without difliculty. ing is a recipe for it; itis gleaned from the National Intelligencer, with some addi tional improvements learned by experi ments : Take half a bushel of nice un- slacked lime, slack it with boiling water, The Chemical Barometer. cover it during the process to keep in the steam. Strain the liquid through a fine Take a narrow bottle, suchas an old- sieve or and add to it a peck of long strainer, faBhioned Eau-de-Cologne bottle, and put salt, well dissolved in warm wa previously into it two and a half drachms of camphor, ter ; three pounds of ground boiled to rice, and eleven drachms of spirits of wine ; a thin and stirred in hot half paste, boiling ; when the camphor is dissolved, which it a pound ofpowdered Spanish and whiting, will readily do by slight agitation, add the a pound of clean which has been pre glue, following mixture : Take water, nine viously dissolved soaking it well, and by drachms ; nitrate of potash (saltpetre) then it over a slow in a small hanging fire, thirty-eight grains ; and muriate of am kettle within a large one filled with water. monia (sal ammoniac) thirty-eight grains. Add five gallons ofnot water tothe mixture, Dissolve these salts in the water prior to stir it well, and let it stand a few days cov * mixing with the camphorated spirit then ered from the dirt. shake the whole well together. Cork the It should be put on right hot ; for this bottle well, and wax tne top, but after purpose it can be kept in a kettle on a wards make a very small aperture in the portable furnace. It is said that about a cork witha red-hot needle. The bottle may pint of this mixture will cover a square then be hung up, or placed in any stationa yard upon the outside of a house if proper ry position. By observing the different ly applied. Brushes more orless small may appearances which the materials assume, be used according to the neatness of thejob as the weather changes, it becomes an ex required. It answers as well as oil paint cellent prognosticator of a coming storm or for wood, brick or scone, and is cheaper. ofa sunny sky. It retainB its brilliancy for many years. There is nothing of the kind that will compare with it, either for insideor outside walls. matter be put in and made Coloring may Leech Barometer. of any shade you like. Spanish brown stirred in will make red pink, more or less Take an eight ounce and put in it to the quantity. A delicate phial, deep according three gills of and place in it a tinge of this is very pretty, for inside walla. water, healthy the water in summer once Finelypulverized common clay, well mixed leech, changing a and in winter once in a withSpanish brown, makes a reddish stone week, fortnight, and it will most prognosticate color. Yellow-ochre stirred in makes yel accurately the weather. If the weather is to be low wash, but chrome goes farther, and fine, the leech, lies motionless at the bottom of makes a color generally esteemed prettier. the glass and coiled together in a spiral In all these cases the darkness of the shades form ifrain may be expected, it will of course is determined by the quantity of ; creep to the of its lodgings and remain used. It is difficult to make rules, up top coloring there till the weather is settled if we are because tastes are different. It would be ; to have it will move through its habi best to try experiments on a shingle and let wind, tation with and seldom it dry. We have been told that green must amazing swiftness, goes to rest till it begins to blow hard if a not be mixed with lime. The lime de ; remarkable storm orthunder and rain is to stroys the color, and the color has an effect succeed, it will lodge for some days before on the whitewash, which makes it crack almost continually out of the water, and and peel. Wben walls have been badly discover great uneasiness in violent throes smoked, and you wish to have them a clean and convulsive-like motions in frost as in white, it is well to squeeze indigo plenti clear summer-like weather it lies through a bag into the water you use, constantly fully at the bottom and in snow as in before it is stirrea in the whole mixture. ; rainy weather it pitches its in the very If a larger quantity than five gallons be dwelling mouth of the phial. The should be cov wanted, the same proportion should be ob top ered over with a piece ofmuslin. served.

How to get a Horse out of a To Measure Gbain in a Bin.Find the Fire. number of cubic feet, from which deduct The great difliculty ofgetting horses from one-fifth. The remainder is the number of bushels a stable where surrounding buildings are in allowing, however, one bushel known. a state of conflagation, is well extra to every 224. Thus in a remainder of The plan ofcovering their eyes with a blan 234 there would be 225 bushels. In a re ket will not always succeed. mainder of 448 there would be 450 bushels, A gentleman whose horses have been in &c. great peril from such a cause, having tried 134 TWENTY.YEAR CALENDAR.

Almanac or Calendar for 20 Years.

CB A G F ED C B A GF E

1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 D c BA G F E D C F E D

1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883

1 8 15[22 29 Sun. Sat. Frid'y- Thurs. Wed. Tues. Mon.

2 9 16 23 30 Mon. Sun. Sat. Frid'y. Thurs. Wed. Tues.

3 10 17 24 31 Tues. Mon. Sun. Sat. Frid'y. Thurs. Wed.

4 11 18 25 Wed. Tues. Mon. Sun. Sat. Frid'y. Thurs.

5 12 19 26 Thurs Wed. Tues. Mon. Sun. Sat. Frid'y.

6 13 20 27 Frid'y. Thurs. Wed. Tues. Mon. Sun. Sat.

% 7 14 21 28 Sat. Frid'y. Thurs. Wed. Tues. Mon. Sun.

Jan. and Oct. A B C D E F G

May. B C D E F G A

August. 5 D E F G A B

.Feb., Mar., D Nov. E F G A B C

June. E F G A B C D

Sept. & Dec. F G A B C D E

April & July. G A B C D E F

Explanation.Find the Tear and observe the Letter above it ; then look for the and in a line with it find the Month, Letter of the Year ; above the Letter find the Day in and the figures on the left, the same line, are the days of the same name in the

YearB have two letters the first is Leap ; used till the end of February, the second during the remainder of the year. CAROLINE. 125

TOMPKINS COTTHSTTY INESS 1

EXPLANATION TO DIRECTORY.

Directory is arranged as follows : 1. Name of individual or firm. 2. Post office ad dress in parenthesis. 3. Business or occupation.

A Star (*) placed before a name, indicates an advertiser in this work. For Buch ad vertisement see Index. Figures placed after the occupation offarmers, indicate the number of acres of land owned or leased by the parties. The work street is implied as regards directory for Ithaca. For additions and corrections, see Errata, following the Intro duction.

0_ia.3EFLO_EjI.KrE!.

(Post-Office Addresses in Parentheses.)

Abbey, Reuben, (Speedsville,) farmer 50. Abbey, Russel F., (Speedsville,) farmer 67. AKINS, HENRY S., (Speedsville,) saw and planing mill, cheese box factory, carpenter and joiner, undertaker and farmer 2. Allen, John P., (Mott's Corners,) saw mill and wood turner. Andrews, Simon, (Caroline,) farmer 15. Annis, Orrin, (Caroline Center,) farmer 150. Ashley, Maria Mrs. (Slaterville,) milliner and farmer 60. Ashley, Samuel P., (Slaterville,) attorney and counselor at law. Ashley, William P., (Slaterville,) farmer 188. Atwater, Jason D., (Slaterville,) grist mill and farmer 95. ATWOOD, GEORGE W., (Caroline Depot,) farmer 106. Ault, John, (Mott's Corners,) general mechanic and farmers. BALL, HIRAM S., (Caroline Center,) Free Will Baptist clergyman. Bates, Abraham, (Caroline Depot,) farmer 100. Bates, Francis A., (Mott's Corners,) farmer 95. Beckman, John W., (Caroline,) farmer 105. Besemer, John J., (Slaterville,) farmer 108. Best, Charles, (Slaterville.) farmer 25. Best, James, (Slaterville,) farmer leases of Wm. Niver, 64. Bingham, Ormal, (Slaterville,) Baptist clergyman. 126 CAROLINE.

Bishop, Joseph S., (Speedsville,) farmer 104. Blackman, Frederick E., (Speedsville.) farmer 132. Blackman, Levi, (estate) (Speedsville,) 60. Blackman, Solomon V., (Speedsville,) farmer 29. Blackman, William H., (Speedsville.) Blair, George, (Speedsville,) farmer 240. Blair, Robert, (Speedsville,) farmer 115. BOGARDUS, CALVIN, (Caroline Depot,) farmer 220. Bogardus, Manning, (Caroline Depot,) farmer 6. Boice, Cornelius, (Slaterville,) (with John,) farmer 130. Boice, Eli, (Slaterville,) saw mill and farmer 165. Boice, Emory, (Slaterville,) farmer 200. Boice, Henry, (Slaterville,) farmer 100. BOICE, JAMES, (Slaterville,) farmer 61%. Boice, iohnL(Slatervllle,) (with Cornelius,) farmer 130. BOWMAN, DANIEL M., (Slaterville,) farmer 70. Boyce, Collins, (Mott's Corners,) farmer 1. Boyce, Sarah Mrs., (Caroline Depot,) farmer 6. proprietors BOYER & SPEED, (Caroline,) ( WaUis ___.Boyer and Robert G. H. Speed,) Tompkins Co. butter and cheeBe factory. BOYER, THOMAS M., (Caroline Center,) farmer 492. BOYER, WALLIS M^VCaroline,) (Boyer & Speed,) farmer 62. BREARLEY, ANDREW, (Caroline Center,) boot and shoe maker. BREARLEY, JOHN, (Caroline Center,) farmer 50. BRINK, ELIAS, (Caroline Center,) carpenter and joiner and farmer 144. BRINK, THOMAS R., (Caroline Center,) farmer 96. Brodhead, Abigail Mrs., (Slaterville,) farmer 10. Bronson, Ebenezer, (Speedsville,) farmer 80. Buchannon, Christopher, (Caroline Center,) farmer 2J. Bull, Henry W., (Slaterville,) general merchant, alio, physician and farmer 100. Bull, John, (Slaterville,) post-master, merchant and farmer 20. Bull, Justus, (Mott's Corners,) farmer 160. Bull, Moses, (Slaterville,) farmer 140. Bush, Beniamin, (Slaterville,) farmer 21. Bush, William, (Slaterville,) farmer 75. Calkins, Enos, (Speedsville,) flour and meal store and farmer S. Cannon, John D., (Slaterville,) farmer 109. Cam, Wm. J., (Slaterville,) boot and shoe maker. Carpenter, Edward S., (Speedsville,) farmer 154^. CHDRCH, JOHN E., (Caroline,) farmer %. Clark, Eliza Mrs., (Caroline Center,) farmer 96. Clark, George H., (Slaterville,) proprietor Slaterville Hotel. Clark, Mary Mrs., (Speedsville,) farmer 75. Clark, Mason, (Caroline Center,) farmer 150. CLARK, SPENCER L., (Caroline Center,) farmer. Cole, William, (Caroline Center,) farmer 4. Cooper, Hiram, (Mott's Corners,) farmer 61%. Cooper, John A. D., (Mott's Corners,) farmer 181. Cooper, Samuel R., (Caroline Depot,) farmer 40. Cooper, William, (Caroline Depot,) farmer 200. carpenter Crandall, Horace L., (Caroline,) and joiner and farmer \%. Crane, Benjamin, (Speedsville,) farmer 140. Crane, Moses, (Caroline Center,) farmer 34. Cross, John, (Caroline Center,) farmer 273. Cummings, James E., (Wilseyville, Tioga Co.,) farmer 80. Curtis, John A., (Caroline Center.) farmer 180. Curtis, William, (Caroline Center,) farmer 130. Cutting, Betsey Mrs., (Mott's Corners,) farmer 1. Davis, Charles L., (Slaterville,) (Davis <& Harding.) Davis & Harding, (Slaterville,) (CharlesL. Davis and Hubert Harding,) blacksmiths. Davis, John, (Caroline Depot,) farmer 1%. Dean, Christian Mrs., (Slaterville,) farmer 12. Dennis, Ell, (Caroline Depot,) farmer 75. Deputron, Henry, (Caroline Depot,) farmer 26%. Deuell, Charles, (Slaterville,) farmer 103. Deuell, Morgan, (Slaterville,) farmer 116. Deuell, Sally Mrs., (Slaterville,) farmer 42. Earsley, Francis, (Caroline,) farmer 72. Earsley, Nathan B., (Caroline,) farmer 58M- Earsley, William, (Caroline,) farmer 50. EDWARDS, NELSON G., (Mott's Corners,) boot and Bhoe maker. Eighmey, Daniel, (Speedsville,) farmer 60. Eighmey, Philip, (Slaterville,) farmer 100. Eldridge, Enoch P., (Slaterville,) M. B. clergyman.cle CAROLINE. 127

Ennist, Orrln, (Caroline Center,) farmer 150. EVANS, JOSIAH R., (Caroline Center,) farmer 100. EVANS, SYLVESTER, (Caroline Center,) farmer 7. Foot, Charles, (Wilseyville, Tioga Co.,) farmer 4. Freeman, Gilbert G., (Speedsville,) farmer 100. FREER, M. V., (Slaterville,) blacksmith. GALLAGHER, WILLIAM 6., (Slaterville,) alio, physician. Gates, George, (Mott'8 Corners.) boot and shoe maker. Genung, John, (Mott's Corners,) fanner 75. GIBSON, G. W. S., (Slaterville,) miller. Gilbert, Dan. B., (Speedsville,) post-master. Goodrich, Gurnsey, (Speedsville,) farmer 140. Goodrich, Levi. (Speedsville,) farmer 320. GORTON, ALONZO N., (Caroline Depot,) farmer 100. GRANT, HENRY, (Caroline Center,) harness maker and farmer 15. Grant, James R., (Caroline Center,) farmer 11%. Green, Samuel E., (Slaterville,) farmer 134. Hamilton, Joseph, (Slaterville,) farmer 100. Hammon, Edmon R., (Slaterville,) farmer 14. Hanford, Don C, (Caroline Depot,) cabinet-maker, upholsterer and farmer 32. Harding, Abram T., (Slaterville,) carriage maker and undertaker. Harding, Hubert, (Slaterville,) (Davis & Harding.) Hart, Alonzo O., (Caroline,) farmer 80. Hart, John, (Caroline Center,) farmer leases of George Pompelly of Owego, 115. Hart, Reuben, (Caroline Center,) farmer 117. Hartson, Abel, (Slaterville,) fanner 39. Hawkins, George W., (Speedsville,) ( Whiting _6 Hawkins.) Hawkins, Levi, (Slaterville,) farmer 43. HAYNES, J. A., (Caroline,) farmer. Haynes, Peleg, (Caroline,) farmer 90. HEAD, SMITH, (Caroline Center,) farmer 60. Hedges, Elijah C, (Wilseyville, Tioga Co.,) farmer 129. Higgins, Charles B., (Caroline,) farmer 166. Higgins, Daniel, (Slaterville,) farmer 160. Higgins, Reuben, (Caroline Center,) farmer 90. HILDEBRANT, CHARLES, (Caroline,) farmer 310. Hildebrant, Nancy M. Mrs., (Caroline Center,) farmer 2%. Hill, Norman, (Caroline Depot,) farmer 48. HUlery, Susan A. Mrs., (Caroline Depot,) farmer 34. Hogan, Aaron B., (Slaterville,) farmer 20. Hoglen, William, (Caroline Center,) farmer 175. Holbrook, Philip, (Caroline Center,) M. E. clergyman. HOLMES, CALVIN A., (Mott's Corners,) farmer 46. Holmes, Irus, (Mott's Corners,) farmer 65. Hoose, Charles, (Wilseyville, Tioga Co.,) farmer 170. HORNBECK, ALV-- F., (Slaterville,) (Hornbeck & Brother.) HORNBECK & BROTHER, (Slaterville,) (Cornelius F. ind Alva F.) blacksmiths. HORNBECK, CORNELIUS F., (Slaterville,) (Hornbeck & Brother.) HORNBECK, LUCIUS D., (Slaterville,) carriage maker. Hornbeck, Philip, (Slaterville,) carriage maker. HOWE, EPENETUS, (Speedsville,) farmer 50. Hulslander, Henry, (Caroline Center,) farmer leases of Joseph McGraw ofDryden 515. Humphrey, Helen M. Mrs. (Speedsville,) farmer 96. Humphrey, Hiram, (Speedsville,) farmer 120. Hungerford, Lewis, (Slaterville,) fanner 65. IVORY, CORNELIUS, (Caroline Center,) farmer 70. Jansen, Daniel, (Mott's Corners,) farmer 74. JANSEN, OLIVER, (Slaterville,) farmer 50. Jansen, Spencer, (Caroline Depot,) fanner 46. Jenks, Daniel B., (Speedsville,) farmer. Johnson, Cornelius. (Mott's Corners,) farmer 40. JOHNSON, RANSOM, (Speedsville,} homeo. physician. Joiner, James. (Speedsville,) grist mill-. Jones, John, (Caroline Center,) farmer 87. JONES, SAMUEL, (Speedsville,) farmer 110. Jordan, Uriah, (Caroline Center,) tarmer 59. June, Jeremiah, (Slaterville.) farmer 50. Keeler, Albert, (Mott's Corners,) miller and farmer 2J{. Kelley, Patrick, (Slaterville,) farmer 1. Kelley, Philip, (Slaterville,) farmer 1. Kenyon, Henry, (Caroline,) farmer 66. KING, BRADLEY W., (Caroline Center,) agent for Asa E. Phillips, and farmer %. Kingman, Lyman, (Speedsville.) DIRECTORY. 128 TOMPKINS COUNTY BUSINESS

A THIRTY- TWO COLUMN JOURNAL,

Is Published every Thursday by SPENCER & WILLIAMS,

IN

Bates' Culver and Brick Block, Third Floor,

No. 69 EAST STATE ST., - ITHACA. ?

uA.,HmFm.JML& -

$2.00 per Year, 9n Advance.

The Democrat was established in 1863, under the present management.

THE JOB DEPARTMENT

The Northrup Power * Press. JS_B!CC_>__VriD, Gordon Lightning Job Press. New lype, and Everything Complete.

ABYERTISING HX,ZaZZZkZ13S

1 w 2 w 3 w 1 m 3 m 6 m iy One Square, 1 00 2 00 2 50 3 OO 600 10 00 15 00 One-quarter Col'n, 5 00 7 00 8 00 10 00 18 00 25 00 30 00 One-half Column, 7 00 10 00 12 00 15 00 25 00 40 00 60 00 One Column, 10 00 15 00 20 00 25 00 40 00 70 00 100 00

ONE INCH space orless, makes a square. For Advertising in double columns, 50 per cent, additional will be charged. A. SPENCER. B. R. WILLIAMS. CAROLINE. 129

Kingman, Lyman R., (Speedsville,) produce broker. KNAPR JOHN L., (Caroline Center,) farmer 44. Krum, Henry 2d., (Caroline Depot,) farmer 149. KRUM, MICHAEL C, (Slaterville,) farmer 356. LANDON, SEXTUS B., (Mott's Corners,) farmer 16. Lane, Abraham, (Slaterville,) farmer 55. Lane, George S., (Wilseyville, Tioga Co.,) farmer 70. Lane, Horace, (Wilseyville, Tioga Co.,) farmer 62. Lane, Isaac, (Caroline Depot,) farmer 50. Lane, Jacob, (Wilseyville, Tioga Co.,) farmer 65. Lane, Melissa, (Mott's Corners,) farmer 63. Lane, Richard C., (Wilseyville, Tioga Co.,) farmer 135. Lane, Walter, (Caroline Center,) farmer 80. Lee, Patrick, (Caroline Center,) farmer 160. LEGG, LARNARD, (Speedsville,) farmer. LEGG, LEONARD, (Speedsville,) farmer 65. Legg, Lyman, (Speedsville,) manufacturer of soap, potaBh and brick, dealer in flour and feed, and farmer 63. LEGG, MARTIN L., (Speedsville,) carriage maker and farmer 1. LEGG, REUBEN T (Speedsville,) carpenter and joiner. Legg, Stillman F., (Speedsville,) carpenter and joiner, and farmer IK. Leet, William, (estate,) (Speedsville,) 49. Leonard, Abram, (Slaterville,) farmer 125. Lewis, Alexander, (Mott's Corners,) farmer BO, Lewis, Lydia Mrs., (Mott's Corners,) farmer 20. Llddington, Abby Mrs. (Speedsville,) farmer 60. LIDDINGTON, FREDERICK G., (Speedsville,) farmer 60. LIDDLNGTON. VALENTINE, (Speedsville,) farmer 171. Linch, Cornelia Mrs., (Mott's Corners,) farmer 46. LOSEY, BENJAMIN, (Mott's Corners,) farmer 5. LOTT, WENSOR E., (Caroline Center,) blacksmith and farmer 3%. Lounsbery, Cantine, (Mott's Corners,) farmer 70. LOUNSBERY, EDWARD, (Mott's Corners,) tanner, currier and farmer 40. Lounsbery, Richard, (Mott's Corners,) farmer 85. Lull, John B., (Mott's Corners,) gun banel maker and farmer 9. Lyman, David B., (Speedsville,) stage proprietor. LYON, WILLIAM H., (Speedsville.) manufacturer ofcheese vatB, milk cans and coolers. Mandeville, Garret, (Mott's Corners,) farmer 160. Mandeville, John L., (Mott's Corners,) surveyor. Manning, Charles, (Caroline Depot,) farmer leases of Harry.Ross50. Marsh, Frederick J., (Caroline Depot,) farmer 96. Maynard, Edward, (Caroline Center,) farmer 1%. Maynard, Thomas, (Caroline Center,) farmer 11. MCGILLIVRAY, GEO., (Ithaca,) farmer. McGraw, Hugh, (Speedsville,) farmer 90. McLaesh, John, (Caroline,) farmer 25. MCWHORTER, DAVID, (Slaterville,) farmer 60. McWhorter, Gilbert, (Slaterville,) farmer 45. MCWHORTER, JAMES H., (Mott's Corners,) blacksmith. McWhorter, John, (Mott's Corners,) farmer 80. Meacham, Albert, (Caroline Depot,) blacksmith. Meacham, William S., (Caroline Depot,) basket maker and farmer 3%. Mead, Benjamin F., (Slaterville,) farmer 20. Mericle, Ellas, (Caroline Center,) farmer 100. MERRELL, ALVIN, (Caroline Depot,) station keeper, post-master and farmer 75. Merrell, Martin, VCaroline Depot,) farmer 50. Merrick, John, (Caroline,) farmer 38. MERRICK, MATHEW L./(Speedsville,) farmer 96. Merrill, Jason P., (Caroline Depot,) ticket agent and telegraph operator. MILLER, JAMES M., (Caroline Depot, ) farmer 72. Miller, John R., (Caroline Depot,) farmer 12%. Moncrief, Caroline Miss, (Speedsville,) milliner and dress maker. Morrell, Charles H., (Caroline,) farmer 75. Mott, William 2d., (Mott's Corners,) farmer 250. MUIR, GEORGE, (Speedsville,! farmer 157. Mulks, Moses, (Mott's CornerB,) carpenter and joiner and farmer 1. NELSON, GEORGE J., (Slaterville,) farmer 126. NIXON, GEORGE H., (Speedsville,) general merchantand farmer 3. NORRIS, BENSON, (Slaterville,) farmer 96. Norris, Philip, (Slaterville,) farmer 96. NORTHROP, ALONZO B., (Mott's Corners,) mason, carpenterand farmer 2%. NORWOOD, JONATHAN M., (Slaterville,) farmer 95. Noxon, James, (Speedsville,) farmer 117. NOXON, LAWREN F., (Speedsville,) farmer 10. 130 CAROLINE.

Ogden, Charles, (Caroline Center,) (with Daniel,) farmer 144. Ogden, Daniel, (Caroline Center,) (with Chas.,) farmer 144. Olney, Daniel, (Caroline Center,) farmer 40. Olney, William, (Caroline,) farmer 60. Osborn, GeorgeW., (Speedsville,) carpenter and joiner. Ostrander, Fidelia, (Caroline Center,) (Ostrander

CASGADUA FUnffDRE- WORKS

ITHAOA, IST. Y.. MANUFACTURE

Parlor & Chamber nun A.Iso do Mepairing, Scroll Sawing, Carvingor Up7iol8teringf and cutstraight or curved ZMZouldtngs. B. MORSE. D. A. HARRIS. G. W. CARMER.

THE ITHACA Oft AND FLAX MILLS

Are situated in the Village of Ithaca,

on _ET__<_koBr,c>:-OL''5r hill,

JUST BELOW THE CASCADILLA FURNITURE WORKS.

The B. Proprietor, MORSE, lends farmers every spring, clean Flax Seed to sow, and contracts to pay some stipulated price for the flax seed and flax straw raised, or pays the market price, as the farmers may choose. Fanners are finding this to be one ofthe best paying crops that they can raiBe in this section of country. He also keeps pure

Elax Seed Oil and Oil Meal, to sell in quantities to suit purchasers. This has also proved a great benefit to the sur- rounding country. The Oil he manufactures is esteemed very highly for painting, on account of its not as Linseed Oil peeling off, that is brought from New York is very apt to do. Stock growers in this section feed large quantities of oil meal to their cattle, sheep, horses and hogs, and the more they feed of it the better they like it. In fact, it has be come with many larmers, especially the better class of stock growers, an indispensable article of food for one that is both Btock, healthy and nutritious for any animal. CAROLINEDANBY. 133

Webb; John, (Caroline,) farmer 30. Webster. William, (Mott's Corners,) farmer 16. Whitbeck, John, Slaterville,) Dutch Reformed clergyman and farmer S. WHITE, GEORGE W., (Mott's Comers,) grist and saw mill, and farmer 38. White, Morgan A., (Caroline Center.) farmer 50. Whiting & Hawkins, (Speedsville,) (Samutl Whiting ami George W. Hawkins,) black smiths. Whiting, Samuel, (SpeedBvllle.) (Whiting <* Hawkins.) WHITLEY, STEPHEN,_(CaroUne Center,) farmer 55. WHITLEY, WILLIAM H., (Caroline Center,) farmer 66. Wilber, William, (speedaville,) farmer 104. Willard, Franklin, (Slaterville,) carpenter andjoiner. WILLIAMSON, E. J.. (Caroline,) firmer. Winchell, John, (Caroline Center,) farmer 60. Winchell, Levi M., (Caroline Center,) farmer 78. Winchell, William, (Caroline Center,) farmer 70. Wolcott, George, (Mott's Corners,) carpenter andjoiner and farmer 4. Wolcott, John, (Mott's Corners,) fanner 21. Wolcott, William, (Mott's Corners,) carpenter and joiner. YAPLE. GEORGE W., (Slaterville,) fanner 63. Yarcle, Horace. (Caroline,) farmer 39. YAPLE, JOHN J., (Caroline Center,) farmer 65. Yaple, Peter, (Caroline,) farmer 20. YAJPLE, WILLIAM, (Slaterville,) former 150. Tates, Francis, (Slaterville,) farmer 37. Yates, Simon, (Speedsville,) blacksmith and farmer 1. Young, Andrew, (Caroline Center,) farmer 50. Young, William, (Caroline Center,) former 36%.] Youngs, James, (Mott's Corners,) farmer 81.

_D^.3sr_BTr.

(Post Office Addresses in Parentheses.)

Ackels, John, (South Danby,) farmer 35. Allick, DeWitt, (WeBt Danby,) mason. Angle, Esther S., (Danby,) farmer leases 50. Atwell,H., (Danby,) former 40. Austin, Alonzo, (South Danby,) farmer 53. Austin, Samuel, (South Danby,) farmer 53. Banfield, Charles A., (Danby,) farmer 65. BANFIELD, ISAAC, (Danby,) farmerl75. Banfield, Joel, (Danby,) blacksmith and farmer 50. Barton, Frederick, (South Danby,) farmer. Baylor, Peter, (Danby,) former leases 100. BEACH, DAVID, (WestDanby,) fanner 100. BEARDSLEY, A., (Danby,) farmer 100. BEARDSLEY, G. F., (Danby.) farmer 50 and leases 100. BEARDSLEY, H. S., (Danby,) wagon maksr and farmer 2%. Beardsley, Wells, (Danby.) farmer 81. BEERS, ANDREW, (Danby,) farmer 300. BEERS, A. 3., (South Danby,) farmer. BEERS,ELI DR., (Danby,) former 22. BEERS. H. A., (South Danby,) former 260. Beers, J., (Danby,) farmer 40. Beers, Levi L., (Danby,) auctioneer and fanner 250. Beers, Levi C., (Danby,) farmer leases 104. Beers, LucianB., (Danby,) farmer 76. Beers, Marcus, (Danby,) former leases 150. I 134 DANBY.

Beers, Maria, (Danby,) farmer 94. Beers, Wm. R., (Danby,) farmer 62. Bell, John, (Danby,) farmer 90. Bennett, AaronJDanby,) farmer 0. BUrce, George W., (Danby,) farmer 60. Bierce, Julius, (Danby,) cooper. BINGHAM, SETH, (South Danby,) farmer 160. BIRCH, DAVID, (South Danby,) farmer 60X. BLOVELT, PETER, (Danby,) farmer 100. BODA, F. C, (South Danby.) farmer 103. BOGERT, DAVID, (South Danby,) farmer 100. BOGERT, JACOB, (South Danby,) farmer 100. Botton, A. W., (Danby,) farmer leases 94. BOWEE, HENRY, (Danby,) farmer 75. Bradford, Mrs., (Danby.) Bradford, Sarah, (Danby,) milliner. Bratt, George J., (South Danby,) carpenter and farmer. BRIGGS, ISAAC, (West Danby,) farmer 412. Briggs, James I., (West Danby,) farmer 25. Briggs, Mary A., (West Danby,) farmer 34. Brock, Alfred, (Danby,) farmer 100. Brock, John, (Danby,) farmer 212. BROCK, THOMAS, (Danby,) overseer of poor and farmer 280, Brown, Solomon Rev., (Danby.) BRUCE, HANNAH, (Newfield,) farmer 110. BRUCE, JAMES, (Danby,) farmer. BRUCE, MATHIAS, (Danby,) farmer 152. BRUICE, JAMES, (Newfield,) farmer 102. CASH, JOHN, (South Danby,) farmer. Chapman, W. E., (Danby,) general merchant and farmer 12. Clark, Delia, (Danby,) farmer 275. Clark, Peter, (Ithaca,) farmer leases 1. Clough, Lemuel W., (Danby,) blacksmith and farmer 1.. Coggms, Loima, (South Danby,) farmer leases 115J- Compton, Silas, (Danby,) farmer 50. COOK, JAMES, (Danby,) farmer 100. Coole, Anna, (South Danby,) farmer 58. Cooper, Ann, (South Danby,) farmer 100. Cooper, Festus, (Spencer, Tioga Co.) farmer 107. Cooper, Henry, (South DanbyJ farmer 10. Cooper, John, (South Danby,) farmer leases U4. Cooper, Lyman, (Danby,) farmer 100. Cornell, B. F., (Danby,) farmer 330. Cornwell, Nelson A., (Danby,) farmer. Cowles, Almlron, (West Danby,) farmer 92%. Crance, David, (West Danby,) farmer 50. Crance, John, (West Danby,).farmer 80. Crance, Marcus, (West Danby,) farmer 30. Crance, Mary, (WeBt Danby,) farmer 30. Crance, Stephen, (West Danby,) farmer 18. CREAGER, G. W., (Danby,) farmer. CREGAN, JAMES F., (Ithaca,) farmer 90. Cronce, Moses Ji\, (West Danby,) farmer leases 210. Cronce, MoBeB, (WestDanby,) farmer. CumingB, Gustus, (Danby,) farmer leases 50. Cumlngs, Jacob, (Danby,) farmer 60. CURTIS, ELBERT L. B., (Danby,) supervisor and former 640-. Daniels, Lyman, (South Danby,) farmer 30. DAWS, SAMUEL, (West Danby,) farmer 100. Dawson, John, (Danby,) farmer 26. Deforest, A. B., (Danby,) farmer 50. DENISON, CHAS., (South Danby.) farmer. Deniaon, George, (South Danby,) farmer 89. Dixon, Traverse, (Danby,) farmer. Doolittle, Anson, (Ithaca,) farmer 25. DORN, A., (Danby,) farmer 160. Dorn, Brownel, (Danby,) farmer 80. Dorn, David, (Danby,) farmer 53. Dorn, E. B., (Danby,) farmer leases 250. DORN, FRANCIS, (Danby,) farmer 106. Dorn, H., (Danby,) farmer 60. Dorn, Ensign, (Danby,) farmer 80. Dorn, Seth, (Danby,) farmer 50.1 DANBY. 135

DOWE DEWITT C, (Danby,) farmer 80. Drew, Samuel, (South Danby,) farmer 50. i.?Tm25?_ John A-> (Danby,) former 38. DUTTON, A. H., (West Danby,) farmer 215. ^astman, Charles, (Wilseyville, Tioga Co.) farmer 80. ggbert' W-' (Danby.) farmer 40. SL_jI0TT' BENJAMIN, (South Danby,) chair maker and farmer 102. EUiott, C., (Danby,) farmer 10. S^?H\H- Rev., (Danby,) pastor M. E. Church. ELYEA^ALVlk (Ithaca.) farmer 150. ^mery Benjamin F., (West Danby,) farmer. English, Charles, (West Danby,) wagon maker. lrts, Washington C, (Danby,) former 1%. EVEREST, D. !, (Daiby,) farmer 120. Fist, Clark, (West Danby,) farmer 46. Fist, Wm., (Danby,) farmer leases 1. Fitzer, Thomas T., (WeBt Danby,) farmer 1. Fitzinger, Gabriel, (South Danby,) former 72. Fogarty, Wm., (South Danby,) farmer 93. Forces, Mrs., (Ithaca.) FORTNER, GEORGE H., (Danby,) auctioneer and former. FORTNER, LEWIS, (Danby,) farmer 262. Foster, Lot, (Danby,) millwright and farmer 40. Foster, Sidney, (Danby,) tanner and farmer 1. FRAZIER, ISAAC J., (Ithaca,) larmer 118. GARDNER, WM., (Danby,) larmer 120. Gavet, Wm. Rev., (South Danby,) M. E. clergyman. Genung, Anna, (South Danby,) farmer 50. Gennng, Joel D., (Danby,) farmer 11%. GENUNG, LUTHER G., (South Danby,) farmer 150. Georgia, Miles Jr., (Danby,) farmer 50. Greene, John, B., (Danby,) farmer 86. GUNDERMAN, WM., (Danby,) fanner 100. HALT,, ALBERT, (Danby,) farmer 175. Hall, Leonard, (Danby,) farmer 80. Hall, Leonard, (South Danby,) farmer 79. Hallet, Wm. (Danby,) former. HALLOCK, WM. B., (Danby,) farmer 270. HAMLIN, S. D., (Danby,) farmer 215. Hance, J. L., (Danby,) farmer 40. HANDY, M., (South Danby,) farmer 134. HANFORD, J., (Ithaca,) farmer 100. Hanford, Joel, (Danby,) farmer 75. Hart, Edward, (Danby,) farmer 40. Hart, Mrs., (Danby,) farmer 80. Haward, Charles, (West Danby,) farmer 25. Haward, Leonard, (West Danby,) farmer. HAWES, J. & JON, (J. and W. ft,) (Danby,) general merchants. HAWES, W. C, (Danby,) (J. Hawes & Son.) HAYATT, T., (Danby,) farmer 100. HAYCOCK, JOHN, (Danby,) former 162#. Hayward, Daniel, (Danby,) farmer 40. Hayward, Ruth, (Danby,) farmer 6. Hazen, A.^^Danby,) farmer leases 300. HILL, EDWARD, (Sonth Danby,) farmer 109 and leases 127. Hinds, Lot S., (Danby,) tanner. HOLLISTER, NOAH, (Danby,) shoemaker and fanner 3. HOUSE, JAHIEL, (Danby,) fanner 185. HouseLLewis, (West Danby,) farmer. HOUSE, SIDNEY, (West Danby,) farmer 105. Howell, C. C, (Danby.) HOWELL, C. C, JR., (Danby,) (T. H. Howell & CO.) HOWELL, T. H. &CO., (C. C. Howell, Jr.) (Danby,) general merchants, own farm 34. Howell, Wm., (South Danby,) farmer 50. HOWLAND, CHARLES, (South Danby,) postmaster and farmer 100. Howland, George, (South Danby,) farmer leases 80. HOWLAND, J. K., (Danby,) former 141. HOWLAND, WM., (South Danby,) farmer 110. HEAD, THOMAS, (Danby,) farmer 109. Hemingway, Chauncey, (West Danby,) carpenter and former 65. Hugg, J?., (Danby,) farmer. HUGG, LUMAN, (West Danby,) fanner 100. Hungerford, Mrs., (Danby,) farmer 90. Hutchings, Timothy, (West Danby,) farmer 92. 136 TOMPKINS COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY.

THE I I

A FIRST-CLASS WEEKLY JOUENAL,

Issued Every Itanflaj, at Trnmanslmrili, Hew Yort,

BY

Oscar M. Wilson, Editor & Proprietor.

Its Circulation in the Counties ofTompkins, Seneea, Cayuga and Schuyler, makes it the best advertising medium in this region. Advertising by the year or less time, at reasonable rates.

J@

OP EVERY DESCRIPTION,

AT REASONABLE RATES. DANBY. 137

Hyde, Ephraim, (Danby,) cooper. Jennings, Benjamin, (Danby,) farmer leases 300. Jennings, Elijah, (South Danby,) carpenter and fanner. Jennings, Homer, (Danby,) fanner 86. Jennings, L., (Danby.) Jennings, Levi, (South Danby,) former 70. JENNINGS, OSCAR, (Danby,) millwriglit and former 100. Johnson, Andrew, (Danby,) former 65. Jones, David, (Danby,) shoemaker and fannerleases 1. Jopp Sherman M., (Danby,) farmer 40. JUDSON, ELBERT, (Danby,) fenner 267. JUDSON, STOCKTON B., (Danby,) former 184 and leases 100. Keeler, Charles P., (Danby,) former 80. Keeler^Hiram, (Danby.) former leases 90. KENNEDY, AJNDREW, (West Danby,) farmer 154. KENEDY, CHARLES, (West Danby,) fenner 100. King, A. E., (Danby,) carpenter and farmer 10. KING MERRITT, (Newfield,) lawyer. Klng^Samnel B., (Danby,) former 75. KIRKENDALL, ABRAM, (Danby,) former leases 93. KIRKENDALL, SAMUEL, (Danby,) farmer 100. Knapp, A. W., (Danby,) cooper. LAMKIN, JAMES, (Danby,fformer leases 229. LARUE, JAMES, (Danby,) former leases 100. LEWIS, ALFRED A., (WestDanby,) farmer 177. Lewis, Alvin, (West Danby,) former. Lewis, B., (South Danby.) Lewis, George, (West Danby,) carpenter. Lewis, Johnw., (West Danby,) blacksmith. Littles, W., (Danby,) farmer leases 125. Logan, James, (South Danby,) former. Luce, Edward P. Dr., (Danby.) Mabee, Harriet, (Danby,) farmer 28. Mabee, Nathaniel, (Danby,) farmer. Manley, John, (South Danby,) farmer 42. Manning, Daniel, (Danby,) farmer 73. Manning, J., (Danby,) carpenter and farmer. Manning, John, (South Danby,) farmer 60. MANNING, JOSEPH, (South Danby,) farmer 100. Martin, Ira, (Danby,) former 93. Martin, Manuel, (Danby,) former 90. Martin, Wm., (South Danby,) farmer 60. Masterson, N., (Danby,) former 50. Maybee, Wm., (Spencer, Tioga Co.,) former 50 and leases 67. MCARTHUR, GERSHOM, (Danby,) former 100. MCEWEN, , (Danby,) farmer 100. former MCFALL, CHARLES. (Danby,) 114. MCFALL, JOHN J., (Danby,) former 95. MCFALL, JOSIAH, (Danby,) carpenter and former 50. McMannus, Michael, (Danby,) former 56. McPherson, W. H., (Danby,) cabinet maker. MEEKER, REUBEN, (Danby,) farmer 101#. Merrill, I. O., (Danby,) carpenter andjoiner. Messenger, Chancey, (West Danby,) former. Messenger, Wm. BT., (Danby,) farmer 50. Mettler, George E., (Danby,) former 83%. Mettler,-JohnJ., (Danby,) fenner 82. Middaugh, John J (Danby,) fanner 20. Middaugh, P. A., (Danby,) farmer 20. MILLER, E., (South Danby,) farmer 100. Miller, H, D., (Danby,) farmer 10. MILLER, WM., (South Danby,) former 345. Montgomery, George, (Danby,) farmer 62%. Morris, J. F., (Ithaca,) former 90. Mulks, Christopher, (Danby,) farmer. Mynard, Cortland, (West Danby,) farmer 46. Nelson, Phineas, (South Danby.) farmer 40. Nelson, Samuel, (South Danby,) farmer 63. Nichols, A., (Danby,) fenner 12. O'BRIEN, MARTIN, (Danby,) former 130. OSTRANDER, CHARLES 8. P., (Danby,) farmer leases 16S. Ostrander, Dwight^fflanby,) shoe maker. Ostrander, George H. R., (Danby,) farmer leases 65. Ostrander, Jones, (Danby,) shoe maker and fenner 7. 138 DANBY.

OSTRANDER, 0., (Danby,) farmer 300. Owens, Edward, (Danby,) wagon maker. Owens, F., (Danby,) wagon maker. Parshall, David, (Danby,) farmer 76. Parshall, Gilbert, panby,) farmer 73. PATCHEN, IRA, (West Danby,) general merchant and farmer 215. PATCHEN, JOHN, (West Danby,) farmer 135. Patrie, Peter, (Spencer, Tioga Co.,) farmer 50. Petty, Peter, (West Danby,) farmer 20. Phillips, T. J., panby,) miller. Pierson, Mathew, (Danby,) Wagon maker. Pool, Edward, (Dauby,) farmer leases 1. Pool,Gabriel, (Danby,) former 80. POTTER, LEMUEL, (Caroline Depot,) farmer 160. PRATT.CHRISTOPHER P., (Danby,) former 115. PUGSLEY, WM. H., panby,)farmer 200. Richards, John, panby,) farmer 40. Rittenhouse, Wm., (South Danby,) farmer 83. Roper. Charles, Panby,) farmer 54. ROPER, LUTHER, (Danby,) fanner 220. Roper, S. A., panby,) farmer 86. Ryan, Patrick, panby,) former 60. Ryant, Joseph, panby,) farmer 90. SANDERSON, JOHN, (West Danby,) farmer 109X- Sayles, Charles E., (West Danby,) butcher and farmer 10. Sears, Erastus, panby,) farmer 80. Sears, John J., (Danby) farmer 25. Sears, Wm,, (South Danby.) farmer 88. Seigler, Joseph, panby,) farmer 50. Shephard, Simeon L., Panby,) shoe maker. SHERGOUR, A. A., (Danby,) fanner. SHERGOUR, BENJ., Panby,) farmer leases 100. SIGNOR, DAVID A., Panby,) farmer 295. Smiley, Edwin, panby,) farmer 93. Smiley, John, panbyjfarmer 89. Smiley, Wm., (South Danby,) farmer 97. Smiley, Zebulon, panby,) farmer. Smith, Isaac, panby,) farmer 60. Smith, Lewis, (Sontn Danby,) farmer leases 150. SNYDER, CHRISTOPHER, (West Danby,) farmer 180. SNYDER. WM., (West Danby,) farmer 126. SOULE, JOHN P., Panby.) blacksmith and farmer 92. Spaulding, Betsey, (West Danby.) SPAULDING, WILLARD F., (West Danby,) fanner 130. Squires, Henry D panby,) clock agent. Starks, C, panby,) farmer 1. Starks, Stephen, panby,) cooper. Steel, Elson W., (Danby,) farmer. St. John, Wm. H., (South Danby,) farmer 65. Sullvan, J., Panby,) farmer 2. Swansbrough, Wm. H., panby,) farmer 80. Swartout, E. E., Panby,) farmer leases 120. SWARTOUT, W. T., panby,) farmer 123. Sweetlove, Ellis, (West Danby,) farmer 50. TAGGART, ALVIN, (West Danby,) farmer 100. TAYLOR, ANDREW, (Danby,) farmer 100. Taylor, Eleazor, panby,) farmer 18. Taylor, Mrs., (Ithaca,) fanner 140. THATCHER, E.. (West Danby,) farmer 102. THATCHER, EDMOND, (West Danby.) Thatcher, Jerrie, (West Danby,) justice of the peace and farmer 120. THATCHER, JOHN, (West Danby,) farmer 70. Thatcher, J. P., (West Danby,) farmer 66. Thayer, Malachi, (Danby,) farmer 60. THOMAS, JOHN, Panby,) former 70. Thompson, S. H., panby.) Thornton, John, (West Danby,) former leases 200. Tlbbltts, A. Dr., (West Danby,) former 65. TODD.BYRON A., (West Danby.) collector and constable. TODD, C. J., (Newfield,) former 100. Todd, G. A., (WestDanby,) farmer 125. Todd, Joseph B., (West Danby,) farmer. Traver, Miles, (South Danby,) farmer. Tripp, James, (South Danby,) mechanic and farmer 36. DANBYDRYDEN. 139

Tripp, James S., (South Danby,) former 25 and leases SB. Troy, Michael, panby,) former SB. Tryor, J., (Ithaca,) blacksmith and former 2. Tubbs, Albert, Panby,) former leases 97. Turk, David, (Danby,) farmer 88 and leases 253. Tuthill, John, Panby,) farmer 105. Tuttle, George, Panby,) former 100. Van De Bogert, Francis, Panby,) carpenter and farmer 68>f. Vandebogart, John, (Danby,) justice of the peace and farmer 80. VAN GELDER, JAMES W., Panby,) former 100. VAN GELDER, T. R., panby,) millwright and farmer 160. Van Gilder, Isaac, panby,) farmer 80. VANKLEEK, JAMES L., (South Danby,) farmer 180. Van Orstrand, Michael, (Danby,) farmer 45. Van Ostrand, P. J., (West Danby,) fanner 98. Van Worhis, W., (Danby,) fenner 1. Vorhis, Chester L., (Danby-,) former 80. VORHIS, JOTHAM, panby,) tanner and farmer 190. VOSE, ALFRED 2d, (Spencer, Tioga Co.,) farmer 100. VOSE, JOHN W., (Spencer, Tioga Co.,) school teacher. Vose, Marcellns^ (Spencer, Tioga Co.,) farmer 75. WADHAMS, LUCIUS A., Panby,) farmer 55. Wall, Taylor, (South Danby,) farmer. Walling, C. L., panby,) farmer 76. Ward, S. O., (South Danby,) former 1% and leases 100. WEED, E. M..(West Danby,) farmer 140. Weed, Polly, (West Danby,) farmer 30. WEED, WM., (West Danby,) former 150. Weir, Dudley, (South Danby,) blacksmith and farmer B0. Westervelt,Mar_a, (West Danby,) farmer 80. Wheelock, R. A. Rev., panby.) pastor 1st Congregational church. WILCOX, IRA, (South Danby,) farmer 246. Wilcox, Sheldon, (SouthDanny,) farmer 83. Williams, Benjamin, Panby,) farmer 12. WISE, GEORGE, Panby,) farmer 100. Wise, George, Panby,) farmer 148. Wood, George L., panby,) musician. WRIGHT, CHARLES L., (South Danby,) farmer2B0. Wright, Hanford, (Ithaca,) fenner 80. WRIGHT, ISAAC, (South Danby,) farmer 178. Yaple, David, (Ithaca,) carpenter and former 66. Yaple, Mary B., (Ithaca,) former 55.

DRTDEN.

(Post-office Addresses in Parentheses.) AKIN, JOSEPH, (Varna,) farmer 2. Albright, Elisha, pryden,) farmer 192. Albright, Harrison, (McLean,) farmer 64. Albright, Jacob, (Etna,) former 82. Aldrich, John, (Ithaca,) farmer 128. Allen, Charlotte Mrs., (Varna,) farmer 14. ANDREWS, JOHNW., (McLean,) (Andrews <_. Watson.) ANDREWS & WATSON, (McLean,) (John W. Andrews and Geo. Watson,) cheese box factory and saw mill. Apgar, A. L., (WestDryden,) former 31. Bailey, George, pryden,) former 31. Baker, David, p_yde_ij)fonner 29. Baker, George F. A., (WestDryden,) former 100. 140 TOMPKINS COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY.

ATTORNEY* COUNSELOR

AGENT FOR THE

LEADING FIRE & LIFE INSURANCE CO'S.

^ETNA OF HARTFORD, Assets, $4,478,100 HARTFORD OF " " 1,788,153 HOME, NEW YORK, " 3,645,388

Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Co,, 12,u)UUU)V Office over H. D. Barto & Oo.'s Bank,

TRUMANSBURGH, N. Y. G. J. & H. R. KENYON,

ITHACA., Pf. Y.,

Manufacturers of i By Molding Ornamental & House Brackets, Re-Sawing, Scroll Sawing & Shaping. P3_._4.IIV AND FANCY JPIC-EtET. DRYDEN. 141

Baker, Horace, (Etna,) farmer 85. Baker, Oliver, (Etna,) former 10. carpenter and Baker, Reuben T., (West Dryden,) joiner and former 69. BAKER, WILSON. (Vama,) farmer 5. BALDWIN, NEWTON, (Peruville,) fanner 1i%. Ball, Harlow. (McLean,) farmer 1. BALLARD,JOHN, (Dryden,) farmer 166. BALLOU, ORSAM08, Pryden,) former 102tf. Banfield, David, (Ithaca,) former 75. Banfield, David U., (Ithaca,) former 50. Banfield, Edward, (estate,) (Ithaca,) 55. Banfield, Horace P., (Ithaca,) farmer 48. BANFIELD, JOHN J., (Ithaca,) farmer 30. Banfield, Joseph H., (ithaca,) former 50. Banfield, Justus A., (Ithaca,) farmer 36. Banfield, Warren D., (Ithaca.) fanner 30. Barber, John, (West Dryden.) farmer 35. Barbe^ John 8., (West Dryden,) farmer 30. BARNUM, RALPH W., (Dryden,) farmer 11%. Barrows, Elizabeth Mra., (Dryden,) farmer 1. Barrows, Lovanda L. Miss, (Dryden,) tailoress. Bartholomew, Caleb, (Etna,) furnace and machine shop. Bartholomew, Daniel, (Dryden,) lumber dealer, carpenter and joiner. Bartholomew & Hemmingway, (Etna,) (Jesse UarCholomtw and Henry Hitnmingway,) cabinet makers and undertakers. Bartholomew, Jesse-JEtna,) (Bartholomew

BROWN, S. NELSON, (West Dryden,) farmer 160. BROWN, WILLIAM E., (WestDryden,) former 131. Bryant, William C, (West Dryden,) farmer 90. BUCKLIN, ELIAS K., pryden,) former 33. Bull, John E., (Slaterville,) farmer 90.

and joiner.

Burlingame, 'jilarison,'(Dryden,) farmer 85. Burr, John, (Etna,) farmer 96. Burton, Acees, pryden,) former 10. Burton, Charles, Pryden,) farmer leases of James Burton 10. Bush & Griffith, (Ithaca,) (John J. Bush and Thomas Griffith,) grist mill. Bush, John J., (Ithaca,) (Bush A Griffith,) farmer 14. Bush, Philander! pryden,) farmer 1. BUSH, SAMUEL M., (Dryden,) farmer leases 3. BUSH, WILLIAM H., (Etna,) farmer 60. Butman, Henry R., (McLean,) honse painter and farmer 6. Butts, Michael, pryden,) farmer 10. CADY, CHARLES, Pryden,) farmer 134. Cady, Elias W., Pryden,) farmer 614. CADY, JOHN E., (Dwden,) farmer. Cady, Oliver B., pryden,) farmer 444. Cain, Asa, (Vama,) farmer 100. Caldwell, Betsy S. Mrs., Pryden,) former 4. Caldwell, Orange S., pryden,) millwright and farmer 1. CARD. ALBERT J., (Dryden,) farmer 75. Card, Albert J. 2d., pryden,) fanner 75. Carmer, Cleveland, pryden,) farmer 5. Carner, John, pryden,) farmer 10. CARPENTER, ALONZO, pryden,) former 28. Carpenter, Barney, pryden,) farmer 40. Carpenter, William, (Dryden,) farmer 145. . CARPENTER, WILLLIAM J., pryden,) millwright. Carr, James M., (West Dryden,) boot and shoe maker. Carr, KeziahMrs., (Etna,) farmer 5. Carty, Luke, (Dryden,) farmer 5%. Casar, Walter, (Peruville,) farmer leases of his mother 88. Casey, Morris.rtthaca,) farmer 22. Casey, Wm., (West Dryden,) farmer 69#. Castle, Sheldon, (West Dryden,) saw mill and fanner 91. Caughey, William, phaca,) (with Thos. Paxton,) farmer 46. Chadwick, DeWitt C, pryden,) (Nichols A Chadwick.) CHAMBERS, CHESTER L., (Slaterville,) farmer 80. Chapman, Joel, (Freeville,) boot and shoe maker. *CLAPP, ASAHEL, pryden,) editorand proprietor Dryden Weekly News. Clark, Albert, pryden,) farmer leases of Nathaniel Thorn of Groton, 50. Clark, Albert SL Pryden,) farmer 182. Clark, John, (West Dryden,) farmer 5. Clark, Seymour O., Pryden,) farmer 1. Cleaveland, Sylvenus, pryden,) farmer 1. ^.. Clement,<.__...._., Danus__.___u_ J.,<_., pryden.).__...,_-_.,/ farmerfor 75. CLIFF, HENRY, (Dryden,) tailor. Cole, Alvin, pryden,) farmer 51%. Cole, Edmond, (Freeville,) fanner 38. Cole, Lewis, (Freeville,) farmer 60. Colgrove, Luther H., (Peruville,) fanner 75. Collins, Arthur, (South Lansing,) farmer 99. COLTON, MARVIN B., (Peruville,) farmer 30 and leases of Joseph Smiley ofGroton 137. COMSTOCK, JAMES H., (West Dryden,) commissioner of deposit fund and farmer 65. Cook, Bradford, phaca,) farmer 160. Coon, P., (Varna,) fanner leases of William Belcher ofDanby, former 6V. COOPER, JOHN R., (Slaterville,) farmer 76. Cooper, Joseph, phaca,) farmer 12. Cornelius, David, phaca,) farmer 180. CORNELIUS, JAMES, (Ithaca,) farmer 55. Cornell, Jesse, (IthacaO farmer 50. CORNELL, OLIVER H. P., (Etna,) fanner 213. Corrington, Albert, (Dryden,) farmer 34. Corrington, Augustus, (Dryden.) farmer 50. Corrington, Daniel, Pryden,) former B0. former Cotanch. Isaac H..(Freeville,) 70. COVERT, JOHN W., (West Dryden,) farmer 56. DRYDEN. 143

COVERT, NICHOLAS M., (West Dryden,) farmer 33. Cramer, Martin, (Varna,) farmer 5. Crane, James, (McLean,) former 170. Crapser, William A., (Etna,) blacksmith. Cremar, Martin, (Vama,) former 5. Crutts, Edwin, /Varna,) (Jacob Crutts A Sons.) Cratts, Jacob, /Varna,) (Jacob Crutts A Sotoi) former 840. Crutts, Jacob & Sonfc, (Vama,) (Marenus, William and Edwin,) grist and flouring mill, and formers 161. Crutts.Marenns, (Vama,) (Jacob Crutts A Sons.) Crutts, William, (Varna/) (Jacob Crutts A Sons.) Cryspell, Wm.. (Slaterville,) farmer 12. DARBY, THOMAS D., (Metean,) farmer leases 120. Darling, Edwin, (Peruville-) fanner 110. DAVENPORT, ANTHONY, (Varna,) fanner 120. Davenport, Benjamin, (Varna,) farmer 130. Davenport, Charles, (Vama,) (with Stephen,) farmer 50. Davenport, Hiram A., (Etna,) former 128%. Davenport, Lansing, (Varna,) farmer 31. Davenport, Nelson, (vama,) farmer 25. Davenport, Phebe Mrs., phaca,) farmer 60. Davenport, Stephen, (Vama,) (with Charles,) former 50. DAVENPORT. WARREN, (Vama,) farmer 71. ' Davidson, Rob't. G., (McLean,) machinist and former 10'. Davis, Thomas, pryden,) lumber dealer, carpenter and joiner and farmer 30. De Coudres, Mary Mrs., (McLean,) farmer 110. Demaranville, Loring, (Slaterville,) farmer 55. Detrick, Abram J., (West Dryden,). farmer 100. Devinney, Gilbert, (McLean,)former 59. Dibble, Joel, (McLean,) fanner 2. Dickson, George, (Etna,) farmer 30. Dodge, Daniel H (Ithaca,) farmer 15. DODGE, OLIVER, (Etna,) farmer 165. Dodge, Seth, heirsof, (West Dryden,) former 8. DONELLY, MICHAEL, pryden,) former 90. Donoly, Patrick, Pryden,) farmer 6%. Douglass, Julius, (West Dryden,) former 80. Douglass, James 8., (West Dryden,) fanner 65. DOWNEY. ANGELINA MRS., (Etna,) farmer 10. Draper, Eli, pryden,) (Duettzt jVraper,) grocer. Draper, Sarah Mrs., pryden,) tailoress. Draper, Thomas W., pryden,. blacksmith. ?DRYDEN SEMINARY, pryden,) Jackson Graves, principal ; Mrs. M. J. Graves, pre ceptress: Miss E.J. Mason, 1st assistant ; I. Houpt, teacher of music. DRYDEN SPRINGS HOUSE, (Dryden,) a home for visitorsandinvalids, Miss Samantha S. Nivison, proprietor. ?DRYDEN WEEKLY NEWS, pryden,) Asahel Clapp, editor and proprietor. Duell, Benjamin, Pryden,) (Duell A Draper.) Duell & Draper, pryden,) (BenjaminDuell and Mi Draper,) formers 25. Dunham, Leander L., pryden,) farmer leases of Mrs. Hurd, 3. DUPEE, WILLIAM, (Dryden,) carpenter and joiner and fanner 26Jf Duryee, Richard, (Freeville,) treasurer cheese factory and farmer 115. Dusenbery, Enoch, (Etna,) former 50. DUSENBERY, HENRY, (Etna,) farmer 98. Dusenbery, John W., (Etna,) former 80. and shoemaker and farmer 3. Dusenberry.Lafayette, (Etna.) boot Dusenbery, William, (Etna,) farmer 77. Dwight, Elijah, pryden,) farther 50. DWIGHT, IRA, (McLean,) farmer 136. Dwight, Jeremiah W., Pryden,) (J. W. Dwight A Co.,) (pwight A Sears.) Dwight, J. W. & Co., pryden,) (Jeremiah W. Dwight, David D. Bower and Jno. Miller,) general merchants anddruggists. Dwight, Roswell R., (Slatervl-Fe,) farmer 88. Dwight & Sears, Pryden,) (Jeremiah W. Dwight andHiram Sears,) saw mill. Eaton, William, (Ithaca,) farmer 132. Edsall, Wm.. pryden,) former 30. ELLAS, WM. W., Pryden,) millwright. Elliott, Charles, (Etna,) Baptist clergyman. Elliott, James, (Etna.jjarmer 16. Elliott, Louisa Miss, (Etna,) milliner. Ellis, George A., pryden,) fanner 50. Ellis, Ira H., (Vama,) (with Warren C^farmer 74. Ellis, John, (Dryden,) farmer 369. Ellis, John J., phaca,) treasurer Ellis Hollow cheese factory and former 385. 144 TOMPKINS COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY. J. K. FiiilTTS Livery & Stage Stable, S. Side Main St

(NEARLY OPPOSITE WASH

INGTON HOUSE,)

TRITMANSBITRG, NEW YORK. TRUSTY HORSES, The Sest of Carriages and Careful Drivers, at the service ofthe Tublic. Special Attention given to Furnishing Homes and Carriages for

Funeral*, or Horses and Carriages for Parties, Excursions, -to. Stage rnns In connectionwith the Boats on Cayuga Lake.

MANUFACTURER OF REED ORGANS AND MELODEONS, AND DEALER IN

And all Kinds of Musical merchandise.

The largest and most responsible Music House In Western New York. Central Warerooms and Factory, STATE STREET, ITHAOA. DRYDEN. 145

Ellis, John R., phaca,) fanner 85. Ellis, Lyman S., (Slaterville,) (Middaugh AEttis.) ELLIS, ORRIN T (Vama,) postmaster and farmer 72. Ellis, Warren C, (Varna,) (withlra H.,) farmer 74. ENGLISH, ELIHU, (Ithaca,) farmer 96. English, Hezekiah, (Vama,) farmer 69. English, Jesse, (Ithaca,) former 250. English, John, (Ithaca,) former 62. English, Lewis, phaca,) farmer 50. English, LutherJ. (Ithaca,) farmer 94. ENGLISH, PHILANDER, (Vama,) farmer 20. Esty, Edward, (Etna,) (with Joseph,) saw lath, and shingle mill, clothes pin machine and farmer 578. Esty, Joseph, (Etna,)(wilA Edward,) saw, lath and shingle mill, clothes pin machine and former 578. EWERS, ALVAH, (Etna,) farmer. Ewers, Jane Mrs,, (Vama,) farmer 120. EWERS, PAUL, (Etna,) farmerl35. Feeler, JameB, pryden,) farmer 50. Ferguson, Henry H., pryden,) farmer 50. Ferris, James. (Dryden,) former 9%. FISHER, WILLIAM R., (West Dryden,) farmer 44. Fisher, Ell, Pryden,) farmer 2. FISHER, JAMES, (McLean,) saw and cidermill and former 5. Fitch, Wm., pryden,) alio, physician. Fitts, Edwin, pryden,) general merchant. Fitts, Horace G., Pryden,) farmer 94. Fitts, Leonard, pryden,) fanner 60. Fogarty, John, (West Dryden,) former 20. FORTNER, ANDREW K_., pryden,) farmer 31. FOSTER, ICHABOD, pryden,) carpenter andjoiner and farmer 5. Fox, Chester W.-JWest Dryden,) carpenterand millwright and fanner 9%. Fox, James H., fWeBt liryaen,) former 225. Fox, Julius C, (Peruville,) former40. Fox, Merritt B., (Peruville,) former 55. Fox, Palmer B., (west Dryden,) farmer 100. Fox, Samuel, heirs ofJPeraville,) farmer 40. Fox, Susan B. Mrs., (West Dryden,) former 71. Fox, Wilber F-JWest Dryden,) farmer 22%. FREEMAN, LYMAN D., (Etna,) building mover and former 9. Frees, John B., (Vama,) former 140. Freese, William, (Vama,) farmer i%. FRENCH, CYRUS, pryden-) hardware, tinware, groceries &c. FULKERSON, BURNETT C(West Dryden,) farmer 180. FULKERSON, CALVIN B., (West Dryden,) farmer 67. Fulkerson, Samuel, (McLean,) fanner 150. Fulkerson, Sarah Mrs^West Dryden,) termer 60. Fulkerson, Stephen, (West Dryden,) farmer 162. Fureerson. Isaac, pryden,) farmer 155. GAJ-DNER, ALLEN B., (Dryden,) farmer 50. Gardner, Robert B., pryden,) farmer 136. Gastin, Edwin,(Etna,) machinist. GENUNG, AARON, phaca,) former 145. Genung, Jacob P., (Ithaca,) saw mill and former 140, GENUNG, JOSEPH, (Ithaca,) former. George, Alette Mrs., (West Dryden,) fenner 5. George, Almanzo W., (West Dryden,) former 90. George, Amazilla J.jfwest Dryden,) farmer 70. Gaorge, James H., (West Dryden,) fanner 100. George, Joel B., (West Dryden,) grocery and farmer 70. GEORGE, JOHN F., (West Dryden,) fanner 100. George, Sylvester M., (West Dryden,) farmer 100. George, Thomas, heirs of, (West Dryden,) farmer 60. Gifford, Beniamin, (Etna.) farmer 38. GIFFORD, THEODORE A., (Etna,) farmer. Giles, James, (Etna,) farmer 100. Giles, John J., (Etna,) former 219. Givens, Darius, pryden,) carpenterandjofcer. GIVENS, EDWARD, Pryden,) fanner 115. GIVENS, THOMAS, Pryden,) farmer 93. GIVENS, WILLIAM R., Pryden,) farmer 195. GIVENS, SAMUEL, (Etna.) former 165. GLASGOW, BENJAMIN, (Vama,) former. Godfrey, Philo, pryden,) farmer 5%. 146 DRYDEN.

GOODRICH, MILO, pryden,) attorney and counselor at law. GRAVES, JACKSON, (Dryden,) principal Dryden Seminary. Graves, M. J. Mrs., pryden,) preceptress Dryden Seminary. Gray, Almon, phaca,) farmer 132. Gray, Rufus, Phaca,) farmer 36. Green, Mrs., pryden,) tailoress. Green, Oliver, pryden,) tailor. Griffin, Henry, pryden,) farmer 16. GRIFFIN, LEONARD C, (Etna,) farmer 36#. Griffin, Lewis L., Pryden,) farmer 75. Griffith, Thomas, (ithaca,) (Bush A Griffith.) Griswold, Benjamin, pryden,) farmer 100. Griswold, Emetine Mrs., Pryden,) farmer 3. Griswold, Leonard, Pryden,) farmer 110. Griswold, Luther, (Dryden,) farmer 135. Griswold, Nathan, Pryden,) farmer 75. Grover, Elizabeth Mrs., (Vama,) farmer 40. Grover. Ira, heirs of, (Varna,) farmer 24. GROVER, LEMI, (Varna,) fanner 133. Grover, William M., (Peruville,) farmer 70. Gunn, Andrew Jr., (Freeville,) farmer 92. GUSTIN, ALBERTO M., pryden,) carriage maker. Hallett, .Miles, (Vama,) farmer 7. HALLIDAY, SAM., (Ithaca,) brick and stone mason and farmer 80. Hallock,John, (Ithaca,) farmer 97. Hamet, Wm. P.j (West Dryden,) farmer 25. Hammond, David B., (Dryden,) farmer 50. Hanford, Frederick, (Etna,) farmer 206. Hanford, George, (Etna,) farmer 80. Hanford, George E., (Etna,) farmer 68. HANFORD, WILLIAM JR., (Etna,) farmer 58. Hanshaw, James, (Varna,) fanner 13. Hare, Anna Mrs., pryden,) farmer 14. Hare, Wm. W., pryden,) farmerSOO. Harington,Henry S., phaca,) fanner 80. HARRIS, HENRY, phaca,) farmer 15. Hasbrouck, Josapbat D. B., (Slaterville,) former 150. Hatch, Sullivan, (McLean,) farmer 7. HEAD, JOHN S., (Etna,) farmer leases 120. Heffron, Jerome, (Etna.) house and carriage painter. Heffron, Mary Mrs., (Peruville,) farmer 8. Hemmingway, Henry, (Etna,) (Bartholomew A Hemmingway.) Hemingway, Joseph, VEtna,) farmer 95. HEMINGWAY, SAMUEL J., (Etna,) farmer 61%. Hemingway, Wm. R., (Mc Lean,) farmer 117. HILDI&IBRANT, SAMUEL, Pryden,) farmer. HILES, ANDREW, Pryden,) farmer 89. Hiles, Asenath Mrs., Pryden,) farmer 100. HILES, GEORGE, pryden,) farmer 100. Hiles, Jacob, Pryden,) farmer 50%. HILES, JOHN E., pryden,) farmer 111. Hiles, Olive L. Mrs., pryden,) farmer 11. Hill, Austin, Pryden,) farmer 156. HILL, GEORGE, pryden,) farmer 116. Hill, John, (McLean,) carpenter and joiner andfarmer 114. HILL, ORLIN H., (McLean,) farmer leases 297. HILL, SARAH R., (McLean,) farmer 297. HIKE, SYLVESTER, (McLean,) fanner 63. HOAGLIN, HARRISON, (McLean,) farmer85. Hodges, James, (Varna.) farmer 100. Holenbeck, Henry, (McLean,) farmer 10. Hollister, Hiram, (estate) (Slaterville,) 174. Hollister, Horace fi., phaca,) farmer 63%. Honpt, Alpheue F..(Dryden,) house painter and former 2%. HOUPT, fiENRY H., (Dryden,) insurance agent and farmer 58. Houpt, I., Pryden,) teacher of music, Dryden Seminary. Houselander, Abram, Pryden,) cooper. Houts, George, (West Dryden,) farmer 38. HOUTZ, GEORGE H., (Etna,) (Houtz, WooAA Co.,) postmaster. Houtz, John, (Etna,) grist, saw and shingle mill and farmer 25. HOUTZ, JOHN H., (Etna,) (Houtz, Wood A Co.) (John HOUTZ, WOOD & CO., (Etna,) H. Houtz, OtisE. Woodand GeorgeH. Houtz,) gen eral merchants. Howard, Pliny, (Etna,) boot and shoe maker. DRYDEN. 147

HOWE, FREEMAN S., pryden,) dentist. HOWE, HENRY T., (South Lansing,) gunsmith and fanner 128^. Howe, Solomon L., (McLean,) surveyor and farmer 7. Hubbard, Wm. B., pryden.) farmer 90. Hubbel, Joseph G., (Etna,) farmer 157X- Hugill, Daniel, (Etna,) farmer 50. Hungerford, William, phaca,) farmer 71. HUNT, HORTON, phaca,) farmer 18. Hunt, Stephen, (Slaterville,) farmer 53. HUNT, THOMAS, (Varna,) (Ostrander A Hunt.) HUNTER, ABRAM G., pryden,) farmer. Hurd, John, (Slaterville.) saw mill and farmer 50. Hurlbert, Edwin, pryden,) brick and stone mason. HURLEY, ELISHA, (Vama,) blacksmith and farmer 2%. Hutchings, Mary Mrs., (McLean,) farmer 65% . Jagger, Matthew, Pryden,) farmer 103. JAGGER, S. H., (Dryden,) hotel proprietor. Jameson, Jackson, pryden.) farmer 100. JameBon, Thomas, pryden,) (Jones A Jameson.) Jamerson, Gilbert, pryden,) farmer 50. Jewell, Michael, phaca,) farmer 105. Johnson, Betsy Mrs., (West Dryden,) farmer 102#. Johnson, Elizabeth, Mrs., (Peruville,) farmer 30. Johnson, Ezra I., (McLean,) farmer 66. Johnson, John, (Slaterville,) sawmill and farmer 100. Johnson, John C, (West Dryden,) carpenter and joiner and farmer 71 Johnson, John S., (Peruville,) farmer 77. Johnson, Robert G., pryden.) farmer 106. Johnson, Thomas, (Dryden,) farmer 25. JOHNSON, WILLIAM W., (Slaterville,) blacksmith and farmer 90. Joiner, Phebe Mrs., pryden,) farmer 85. Jones, George, pryden,) (Jones A Jameson.) Jones & Jameson, pryden,) (George Jones and Thomas Jameson,) livery. Jones, Jesse, (Varna,) farmer 9% . JOYNER, NELSON, pryden,) farmer. fine, Solomon T., phaca,) farmer 87. leases of Robert Perns 64. eech, Charles A., (Dryden,) farmer Keenan, John, (McLean,) farmer92. Keepch, Louisa Mrs., (Dryden,) fanner 36. Kellogg, Thomas N., phaca,) carpenter andjoiner and farmer 8. KENNEDY & BROTHER, (Dryden,) (John F. and William W.,) tannery. KENNEDY, JOHN F., pryden,) (Kennedy A Brother.) KENNEDY, WILLIAM W., pryden,) (Kennedy A Brother.) King Melissa Mrs., (Etna,) (with Bradford and Delila Snyder,) farmer 160. HENRY farmer. ___L____R, F., pryden,) KIZER, JACOB, pryden,) farmer 16. KNAPP, CYRUS, (Etna,) farmer 155. Kuapp, Elizabeth Miss, (Freeville,) farmer 59. Knickerbocker, Piatt, (McLean,) farmer 134. LABAR, CALEB B., (Varna,) (withRichard V.,) farmer 110. Labar, Jesse, (Varna,) former 85. LABAR, RICHARD V., (Vama,) (with Caleb B.,) farmer 110. LABAR, WM. E., (Vama,) farmer. Lacey, John R., pryden,) farmer 100. Lacy, John C, pryden,) farmer 36. Lamberson, Daniel, (West Dryden,) farmer 75. Lamberson, James, (West Dryden.)farmer 83tf. Lamberson, James E., (West Dryden,) farmer 41. Lamberson; John N., (West Dryden.) former 25. Lamberson, William, (West Dryden,) farmer 20. LAMKIN, JOHN, (Slaterville,) farmer leases 100. LAMONT, ARCHIBALD B (McLean,) farmer 200. Lamont, Daniel, (Dryden,) farmer 10. Lamont, John D., (Dryden.) farmer 111. Lamont, Robert, (McLean,) farmer 200. Laning, Henry, (Etna,) alio, physician. Laramore, Thomas, (Dryden,) farmer 220. Lawrence, Azel, phaca,) farmer 80. Lawson, Daniel, (Dryden,) wagon maker aj^ farmer 5. LaStpn.Panl,PrydenO former 135. _.__., kESfeER, WILLIAM H., pryden,) barber and eating saloon. Lewis, Alexander, pryden,) farmer 127. LEWIS, LORIN S., (Slaterville,) fanner 89. farmer Lewis, Lorenzo, pryden,) 130. 148 TOMPKINS COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY.

~

. E. ORXSWOZiD.

Would respectfhlly inform the citizens of Trumansburg and vicinity, that he is permanently located on the Barto place, near Dr. Lewis, where he will be happy to meet all those who may need his services in the various branches of his profession. Having been in constant and successful practice for the past sixteen years, he feels confident that he is able to give perfect satisfaction in all his operations, which will be performed in the most improved and scientific manner, and warranted. Particularattention given to the preservation of the natural teeth, and treatment of all diseases of Mouth and Gums, such as Alveolar Abscess, ^Periostitis, Ulceration of the Gums, Diseases ofthe Antrum, And conecting the irregularities of the Teeth. For filling teeth the best metals will al ways be used.

I have a large Stock of Artificial Teeth that will suit the most fastidious, which I will set on any of the various kinds of plate now in use. Teeth Extracted urith Care-;, and Without Pain. L. A. MANDEVILL, DEALER IN Dry Goods AND GROCERIES! MAIN ST., TRUMANSBITRCc, ST. Y.

I would call the attention of the people of Tompkins County to my large stock of goods lately purchased in New York, at greatly reduced prices. Anything in the

Grocery, Yankee Notions or Dry Goods that is I flatter myself Line, wanted, that I can furnish as cheap as any one in the trade. " My motto is, Quick sales and small profits." DRYDEN. 149

Lindsay, Zina, PrydenJ fanner 6. Lobdell, Anson, (West Dryden,) farmer 10. Lombard, Jacob, (Etna,) farmer 5. Loomis. Ira W., (South Lansing,) farmer 1. LORD, ERASTUS H., (Dryden,) cattle broker and former 133. Loromer, James, pryden,) farmer 95. Loromer, Thomas, (Dryden,) former 27. Luddington, John W., (Peruville,) farmer 41X- Luddington, Nancy Mrs., (Peruville,) fanner lljtf. Lumbard, James H peruville,) former 100. LUPTEN, GOUVENEUR M., pryden,) farmer 300. LUTHER, ORSON, (McLean,) (Luther A Sherwood.) Luther &> Sherwood, (McLean,) (Orion Luther and William Sherwood,) grist mill. Lynaugh, Lawrence, (Dryden,) farmer 60. Lynum, James, Pryden,) farmer 19#. Mack, Alfred R^fWestDryden,) farmer 81. Mack, Halsey, (West Dryden,) farmer 30. Madden, Patnck, (McLean,) farmer 24#. Main, Levant, (McLean,) farmer 32. MANDEVILLE, JAMES H., (Slaterville,) farmer 132. Manning, Daniel, (Vama,) farmer 87. MANNING, WILLIAM J., (Vama,) farmer 35. MARVIN, HARRISON. Pryden,) (Murdock and Marvin.) Mason, Alonzo, (Freeville,) farmer 4% . Mason, E. J. Miss, pryden,) 1st assistant Dryden Seminary. Mastin, Britton Mrs., pryden,) tailoress. MCARTHUR, BENJAMIN.JEtna,) farmer 32. McArthur, Catherine Mrs., (Etna.) farmer 33. MC ARTHUR, EBENEZER, (Etna,) farmer 162. MCARTHUR, FRANKLIN, (Etna,) farmer 44. McArthur, Mary Miss, (Etna.) farmer 2. McCarthy, Daniel, (estate,) (Etna,) 60. McClintock, Charles, Pryden,) farmer 90. McCntchan, Robert, (Etna,) tenner 194. McDermott, James, (estate;) Pryden,) 17. McElheny, James, (McLean,) farmer 2. McGovem, Michael, (PeraviHe,) farmer 12. McGraw, Joseph, (pryden,) farmer 650. McKean, George W., phaca,) fanner 100. McKee, David, (McLean,) (with Samuel,) farmer 75. McKee, Martha Mrs.J(Dryden,) farmer 75. McKee, Samuel, (McLean,) (with David,) fanner 75. McKeller, Duncan, pryden,) farmer 290. McKinney, Alexander, (McLean,) farmer 100. McMaster, James, (Slaterville,) fanner 144. McVoy, Marcus, pryden,) farmer 5. McWhorter, Ebenezer, (Vama,) butcher and former 1. McWhorter, John S., (Varna.) fanner 5i%. Mespell, William, Pryden.) farmer 57. ME-SSENGE-., DOLPHUS 3., pryden,) farmer 81. Messenger, Levi, pryden,) farmer 48. Middaugh & Ellis, (Slaterville,) (Orren Middaugh and Lyman S. Ellis,) steam saw mill

farmers565. ._ and ,___ _ Middaugh, Harrison, (Ithaca,) secretary EllisHollow heeee Factory and fanner 66. Middaugh, Nelson, (Ithaca,) farmer 86. Middangh, Orrin, phaca,) (Middaugh A Ems,) steam Baw mill and farmer 750. Middaugh, Wessels S., phaca,) farmer 126X . MIDDAUGH, WM. H., Phaca,) farmer. fanner 97. MILK, JEWITT, (Varna,) ,m MILKS, WM. J., pryden,) farmer leases Of Alfred Willie, 180. Miller, Abram D., (Etna,) farmer 80. MILLER, ALBERT W., peruville;) farmer 18. Miller, Casper, (Vama,) former 140. Miller, Fite, (Dryden.) farmer 325. Miller, George, pryden,) meat maTket. MILLER, ISAAC N., (Varna,) millwright. Miller, John, pryden.) (J. W. Dwight A C5a.f> Miller, Samuel, (Etna,) farmer 60. Mineah, George, peruville,) farmer 50. MINEAH, GEORGE H., (McLean,) former 140. Mineah, John H.. (Freeyille,) former 117. MINEA-H, NICHOLAS H., (Freevffle,) former 100. Thomas former 150. Mineah, .(McLean,) Mineah, Thomas H., (Freeville,) fanner 81%. 150 DRYDEN.

Minieer, Sylvester, (Vama,) M. E. clergyman. MONROE, JOHN R., ptjaca,) farmer 6 and (with Milo,) farmer 33. Monroe, Milo, phacaj (with JohnR.,) farmer 33. Monroe, William M., (Peruville,) farmer 57. MONTGOMERY, DANIEL R., pryden,) farmer 6%. Montgomery, JohnJ., (Dryden,) alio, physician. Montgomery, Silas S., pryden,) attorney and counselor at law. Moore, Grove G., Pryden,) hotel keeper and farmer 43. Moore, William H., pryden,) boot and shoe maker. Morgan, Elizabeth Mrs., (Peruville,) farmer 100. Morgan, Isabel Mrs., (Etna,) farmer 50. Morgan, John, (McLean,) farmer 60. Moseley, Enos, (West Dryden,) farmer 56. Moseley, Melissa Mrs., (West Dryden,) farmer 37. Mosier, Daniel, (estate,) (McLean,) 6%. Mulks, Edward, (Ithaca,) farmer 100. Mulks, Peter, (Slaterville,) farmer 192. Munroe, Wm., (Peruville,) farmer 63. Munson, Moses, (Slaterville,) farmer. Munson, Orange, (Slaterville,) farmer 60. Murdock & Marvin, Pryden,) ( Otis Murdoch and HarrisonMarvin,) boot and shoe store. Murdock, Otis, (Dryden,) (Murdock A Marvin.) Myers, Andrew. (Slaterville,) farmer 150. Nary, Philip, pryden,) farmer 40. Nellis, John V. C, pryden,) Presbyterian clergyman. Nelson, Robert, (Dryden,) farmer 100. Nelson, William S., (Dryden.) farmer 26. Nichols & Chadwick, pryden,) (William W. Nichols and Dewitt C. Chadwick,) Arag- giBts. Nichols, William W., Pryden,) (Nichols A Chadwick.) NIVISON, SAMANTHA S., pryden,) prop. Dryden Springs House and farmer 24. Northrop, Amos B., (Varna,) boot and shoe maker. Northrop, Frederick D-, (Etna,) farmer 76. Northrop, George H., (Ithaca,) (Wm. H. Northrop A Son.) Northrop. Wm. H. & Son, phaca,) (George B.,) saw mill and sash and blind factory. NORTON, FRANK J., (Vama,) farmer. NORWOOD, ERASTUS, (Slaterville,) (Washburn A Norwood,) steam saw mill and far mer 60. Oaks, Jacob, Pryden,) former 75. Oaks, Orrin, pryden,) farmer 83. Obyrn, Michael, (McLean,) farmer 30. O'Connner, John, pryden,) farmer 15J. O'Conner, Michael, pryden,) farmer 9%. Odell, Sylvester, Pryden,) carpenter and joiner. Ogden, Estus, (Freeville,) farmer 43. OGDEN, JACOB, phaca,) farmer 72. OGDEN, NELSON J., (Freeville,) farmer 50. Oliver, Maria Mrs., (Slaterville,) former 100. Oliver, Peter, phaca,) farmer 50. Onan, Alexander, phaca,) farmer 90. Onan, Alexander 2d, phaca,) forme r 133. Onan, John J. , (Vama,) farmer 13. Osborn, Chauncey, phaca,) farmer 170. OSBORN, JOHN, (Mott's Corners,! cooper, brick and stone mason, and fanner 19. Ostrander, Ezra, (Vama,) farmer 105. OSTRANDER, HERMON C, phaca,) farmer 75. OSTRANDER & HUNT, (Varna,) (Myron Ostrander and Thomas Hunt,) groceries. Ostrander, Levi, (Ithaca.) farmer 60. OSTRANDER, MYRON, (Varna,) (Ostrander A Hunt,) farmer 38. OVERACKER, ARCHIBALD D., (Etna,) farmer 65. OVERACKER, HEZEKIAH, phaca.) farmer. Overacker, Jacob S., (Etna,) farmer 14. Overacker, Julia Mrs., (Varna,) farmer 8. OVERBAUGH, PETER M., (Etna,) farmer80^. Overt, Meneroy, (Varna,) (with George Woodman,) former 36. Ozmun, John W., (Varna,) farmer 113. Palmer, Earlmon, (Varna,) farmer 57. Paxton, Thomas, (Ithaca,) (with William Caughey,) former 46. PERRIGO, JOHN, pryden,) grist and flouring mill. Pettigrove, Wm. M., pryden,) grocer. Pew, Dan, phaca,)farmer35. Pew, Thomas E., (Etna,) fanner 94. Pierce, Hamlet T.. Pryden,) cabinet maker. Pierce, Job, pryden,) farmer 75. DRYDEN. 151

Poland, Lawrence, (Ithaca,) fanner 1. PRATT, GEORGE D., (DrydenJ harness maker. PRIMROSE, DAYTON. (West Dryden,) farmer 100. Primrose, Harrison H., (West Dryden,) postmaster. Primrose, Lewis, (Etna,) farmer 2%. Prosser, Edward, (Ithaca.) blacksmith. Prosser,George T., (Etna,) carpenter and joiner and farmerleases of Sebaski Duel 14. Purvis, Polly Ann Mrs., (Dryden,) termer 160. Ralph, George, (Etna,) farmer 30. RALPH, SENECA A., (Etna,) former 73. Reed, Levi H., (Varna,) farmer 88. REZEAU, HARRY G., (Vama,) proprietor Varna Hotel and farmer 6. Rhodes, Aubrey, (Etna,) farmer 143. Rhodes, Geo. W., (Etna,) farmer 337. RHODES, MILES, (Etna,) farmer 837. Rhodes, Truman, (Etna,) saw mill and cider mill. Rhodes, William, (Etna,) farmer 330. Rice, Daniel F., phaca,) president Ellis Hollow cheese factory and farmer 244. RICHARDSON, WM. H., Peruville,) termer 148. Robertson, Mott J., (Etna,) farmer 140. Robertson, Oakley, (Peruville,) farmer 256. Robison, Jacob, (Dryden,) farmer 28. Robison, Nancy E. Miss, pryden,) milliner. Robison, Thomas, (Dryden.) farmer 70. ROCKWELL, ERASTUS, pryden,) (E. Rockwell & Son.) ROCKWELL E. SANDERS, pryden,) (E. Rockwell A Son.) ROCKWELL, E. & SON, (Dryden,) (Erastus and E. Sanders,) woolen mills. Roe, Charles, (West Dryden,)blacksmith and farmer 1. Roe, William M., (West Dryden,) farmer 31. ROGERS, ALBERT, (Dryden,) carpenter and joiner. RooBa, Andrus, (Slaterville,) farmer 84. Roosa, Jacobus, (Slaterville,) farmer 133. Root, Horace L., (Dryden,) farmer 7. ROSE, JACOB V., (Etna,) carpenter and farmer 3. Rose, Peter I., (Slaterville,) farmer 75. Ross, William L., (Varna,) carpenter andjoiner and farmer 61. Rowland, Jonathan, (Dryden,) farmer 12}jf. Rowland, Samuel, pryden,) farmer 130. Rulison, George P., (Etna,) farmer 23#. Rummer, Eli, Pryden,) farmer 191. Sagar, John, (Etna,) farmer 56. SAGER, RUSSELL, (Freeville,) farmer 31%. Sales, Henry N., (Varna,) farmer 46K- Saltsmon, George, (Dryden,) livery. Sanford, Lyman, (Dryden,) farmer 197. Schovee, Hezekiah, (West Dryden,) farmer 50. SCHUTT, AARON, (Slaterville,) farmer 48. Schutt, James H., (Slaterville,) fanner 185. SCHUTT, JOHN J., (Slaterville,) farmer 122. Schutt, Munroe, (Etna,) farmer 140. Schutt, Peter, (Etna,) saw mill and farmer 40. SCOFIELD, HENRY W., (McLean,) farmer 121. SCOFLELD, MARY MRS., (McLean,) farmer 34. Scott, ChanceyL., (Slaterville,) farmer 120. Scott, Stephen N., Pryden,) carpenter and joiner. Scutt, Charles W., (Slaterville,) termer 40. SEAGER, MARVIN, (Etna,) farmer 75. Seager, Philip., pryden,) farmer 200. SEAGER, ROBERT, (Etna,) farmer 96M- Seager, Robert, pryden,) farmer 84. Seamon, Jacob, (Vama,) blacksmith and fanner 48. Sears, Hiram, (Dryden,) (Dwight A Sears.) SEARS, WILLIAM H., pryden,) (Spear, Baucus A Sears.) Shaver Elizur W., pryden,) termer leases of John W. Lacey, 23. SHAVER, IRA C, (Freeville,) tenner 80. SHAVER, JULIUS M., (Freeville,) farmer 90. Shaver, Wm. J., (Freeville,) farmer 80. Shaw, Merritt, (Peruville,) farmer 100. SHELDON, EDWARD, Pryden,) fanner 95. SHELTON, JAMES B., pryden.) carriage maker. Sherwood, Betsy Mrs., (Vama,) farmer Vi%. Sherwood, Elizabeth Mrs., (Varna,) tenner 12. Sherwood, George, (Etna,) farmer 2%. Sherwood, Laura Mrs., pryden,) farmer 57. 152 TOMPKINS COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY.

THE Dryden Weetlr News. The Largest Paper, has the Widest Circulation, andis the Sest Advertising Medium in Central New York.

It Circulates Extensively In Tompkins, Cortland & Tioga Counties.

Is Radical Republican in sentiment ; contains a faithful digest of all the local and general news of the week ; discusses all reformato ry measures that are agitating the country, of both a political and social nature; and also devotes a large portion of its columns to general family reading, such as gems of thought and wisdom, and general information, stories for children and adults, anecdotes, &c, &c.

PUBLISHED _A_T

DRYDEN, TOMPKINS COTTN

BY

.A.. CLAPP.

TERMS, $2,00 A YEAE, IN ADVANCE.

J@ XWTIW

^Executed in a Neat Manner, and at Reasonable Prices. DRYDEN. 153

SHERWOOD THOMAS I., (Etna,) designer and huilder. g^wood, William, (McLean,) (Luther A Sherwood.) WILLIAM, (Varna,) (W.AW. W. Sherwood,) farmer 67. SSS^00D' WILLIAM W (Varna,) (W. A W. W. Sherwood.) Wl & and proprietors FaU Creek grist Sm ' W' W'' f*ama'' (^m. Wm. W.,) Shirts, George P., (Varna,) former 2. gickmon, Sanford, (McLean,) termer 100. SILSBEE, DAVID J., (Slaterville,) farmer 100. Simons, Andrew, (McLean,) carpenter and joiner. Simons, John, pryden,) farmer 47. SIMONS, LUTHER, (llfcLean,) farmer. Simson, Alexander, (Ithaca,) farmer 25. hixbee, John I., Pryden,) farmer 7. SkUJing, Samuel, (Peruville,) farmer 100. Stallman,WUliam,(Freeville,)fannerleases 3. Stalling, William W., (Freeville,) farmer 64. Slater, Daniel, (Varna,) farmer 26. Slater, Sherwood, (Slaterville,) farmer57. SMILEY, ABTEMAS L., (Etna,) former 150. Smiley, Robert M., (Etna,) fanner 94. Smith & Bower, (West Dryden,) ( William J. Smith and Anson C. Bower,) farmers 170. SMITH, GILBERT, (Slaterville,) shingle mill. Smith, Henry, pryden,) fanner 1. SMITH, JAMES D., (Etna,) dentist. Smiley, John, (Etna,) farmer 60. Smith, John M., (Ithaca,) farmer 90. Smith, Lester, (Etna,) carpenter and joiner. Smith, William J., (West Dryden,) (Smith A Bower.) Smith, William R., (Slaterville,) farmer 160. Snyder, Alva E., (West Dryden,) farmer 50. SNYDER, ALVIRAS, (Etna.) president cheese factory and termer 160. SNYDER, AMANDA M, MRS., (Varna,) farmer 12%. SNYDER, BRADFORD, (Etna,) secretary cheese factory and (with Mrs. Melissa King and Miss Delila Snyder,) farmer 160. Snyder, David, (Etna,) fanner 12X. Snyder, Delila Miss, (Etna,) (with Bradford Snyder and Mrs. Melissa King,) farmer 160. Snyder, Enos, (West Dryden,) farmer 80. SNYDER, HARRY A., phaca,) carriage maker and farmer 122. SNYDER, HENRY, (Varna,) farmer 19. SNYDER, IRA, (Varna,) farmer 75. SNYDER, IRA W., (Varna,) (with James,) farmer 115. SNYDER, JACOB, (Ithaca,) farmer 302. SNYDER, JAMES, (Varna,) (withIra W.,) former 115. SNYDER, JOHN 3d., (Varna,) farmer 125. SNYDER, JOSEPH, (Varna,) farmer 120. SNYDER, NELSON, (Varna,) farmer 75. Snyder, Orrin. phaca,) former 122. SNYDER, PETER, (Vama,) former 100. SNYDER, PETER T., (Varna,) farmer 126. Snyder, Peter V., (Etna,)farn_er 148. SNYDER, PHILIP R., (Varna,) farmer 33. SNYDER, WALTER, (Varna,) farmer 53. SNYDER, WILLIAM, (Varna,) farmer 81%. SNYDER. WILLIAM S., phaca,) farmer 100. SOUTHWORTH, JOHN; (Dryden,) termer 815. Southworth, Newman W., (West Dryden,) carpenter and joiner. SPACE, JOSEPH, pryden,) farmer 60. SPACE, MARTHA MRS., Pryden,) former 16. SPACE, THOMAS, pryden,) fanner 143. SPACE, WILLIAM, pryden,) farmer 37. SPEAR, BAUCUS & SEARS, pryden,) (Eli A. Spear, Merritt Baucus and William H. SearsZ\ general merchants. SPEAR, ELI A., Pryden,) (Spear, Baucus A Sears.) SPERRY, CHARLES, pryden,) farmer 92. SPERRY, GAMALIEL, (Dryden,) farmer 85. Sperry, John B., pryden,) farmer 101. Sperry, Zina, pryden,) farmer 92. Sprague, Joseph, phaca,) farmer 42. Sprigg, John M phaca,) termer 63. Spring, William, (Varna,) farmer 40. Stanley, Star, phaca,) farmer1J. Stanton, John, pryden,) termer44. Stebbins, Freeman, Pryden,) farmer 68J. 154 DRYDEN.

Stedman, Smith S., (McLean,) farmer 25. Steel, John, (McLean,) farmer 105. Steel, Nathaniel, (Peruville,) farmer 77. Stephens, Samuel, (Etna,) termer 175. Stephenson, William, (Varna,) farmer 150. Stevens, Smith, (Etna,) farmer 104. , Stewart, John, pryden,) farmer 183. STEWART, PETER L., (Etna,) farmer 95. Stickles, Ansont Pryden,) farmer 297. STICKLES, BRYANT F., (Dryden,) farmer 97. Stickles, Job C, pryden,) fanner 65. STOUT, JOHN, (Dryden,) termer 2%. StubbB, John W., (Etna,) farmer 70. Sutfin, George W., (Etna,) farmer60. Sutfin, James G., peruville,) farmer 100. Sutfin, William J., (Freeville,) farmer 100. Sutliff, Charles, (West Dryden,) farmer 25. Sulliff, Henry P., (West Dryden,) farmer 101. Sutliff, Uriah, (estate) (West Dryden,) farmer 100. Sweet, Andrew J., Pryden,) blacksmith. SWEETLAND, GEORGE J., pryden,) farmer 170. Sweetland, John B..pryden,) farmer 62. SWEETLAND, LA FAYETTE, pryden,) former 100. Swift, William, (Dryden,) farmer 70. Talcot, James, phaca,) farmerl. Tanner, Abraham, pryden,) postmaster. Tanner, Barnum S., pryden,) blacksmith. TEETER, SLY, (West Dryden,) farmer 218. Teets, Mary Mrs., (WestDryden,) termer 5. ThomaB, Benjamin, (Slaterville,) farmer 150. Thomas, Henry, (Slaterville,) farmer 133. Thomas, Michael, pryden,) termer 78. Thomas, Wm., pryden,) farmer 106. Tichenor, Clarissa Mrs., phaca,) farmer 51%. Tillotson, John, (Dryden,) farmer 7. Townley, Richard, (South Lansing,) general mechanic and farmer 33. Trapp, Almon, (McLean,) farmer 110. Tripp, George W., pryden,) fanner 102. Tripp, George W., (Freeville,) former 26. Tripp, James, (Dryden,) farmer 145. Tripp, Martin E., Pryden.) termer 40%. TRUE8DELL, GEORGE L., Pryden,) general merchant. Tucker, Mary Mrs., pryden,) farmer 1. TUCKER, MARY ANN MRS., (McLean,) former 87. Tucker, Morgan Mrs., pryden,) milliner. Tyler, Artemas L., (Etna,) farmer 104. TYLER, BARNEY, Pryden,) farmer 79. Tyler, Cyrus, (Etna,) fanner 60. Tyler, John E., (MeLean,) farmer 160. Tyler, Moses, (McLean.) farmer 82. Tyler, Moses, pryden,) farmer 1%. Tyler, Stephen, (Etna,) farmer 75. Updike, Jacob, pryden,) farmer 70. Updike, Jacob S., (Dryden,) former 60. Vail-Benjamin C, phaca,) farmer 81. VanDerhoff, Simeon, (Etna,) farmer 65. Van Derhoof, Julius, pryden,) carpenter andjoiner. Van Dusen, Maria Mrs., (Etna,) farmer 50. Van Horn, A. I., (Etna,) farmer 79. Van Horn, Weybum, (West Dryden,) farmer 100. VanNortwick, Elizabeth, peruville,) (with Sarah,} former 80. Van ROTtwick, Sarah, PeraviHe,) (with Elizabeth,) former 80. VAN NOHTWICK, WM. J., peruville,) farmer 30. Van Order, Alonzo, Pryden,) blacksmith. Vanpelt, Francis, (Slaterville,) farmer 100. VANPELT, HIRAM, (Dryden,) farmer 64. Vanpelt, Levi, (Slaterville,) fanner 200. Vanpelt, Lorenzo D., (Slaterville,) saw mill and fanner S25. Van Sickle, William, (Varna,) blacksmith. Vantine, Abraham, (Etna,) farmer leases of Elias Gibbs of Lansing, 75. Vantine, Isaac, (Etna,) farmer 6. VAN VALKENBURGH, MILLS, pryden,) attorney and counsellor at law, judge and surrogate. DRYDEN. 155

VARNA HOTEL, (Varna,) Harry Rezeau, proprietor. VOORHEES, WILLIAM, pryden,) alio, physician. Wade, Edwin R., (McLean,) butter tub and firkin factory and planing mill. Waaer, James S., (South Lansing,) former 30. Wait, Henry, (Etna,) farmer 35. WALKER, S. J., (Etna,) termer. Wallace, Jonas, (West Dryden,) former50. Warner, Francis M., (West Dryden.) M. E. clergyman. Washburn, George H., pryden,) ( Washburn A Norwood.) Washburn & Norwood, pryden,) (George H. Washburn and Erastus Norwood,) steam saw mill. WATSON, GEORGE, (McLean,) (Andrews A Watson.) Wattles, Hubert, (Slaterville,) farmer 85. Weaver, Edward G., (Etna,) carriage maker. WEAVER, EUGENE, (Etna,) farmer. WEAVER, HENRY B., heirs of, (Etna,) termer 150. Webster, John W., (Etna,) farmer 225. Weed, Rice, (estate,) (Etna,) farmer 44. WEED, THOMAS R., (Etna,) former 10. Welch, Edward, Pryden,) former 30. Welch, James, Pryden,) farmer 43. West, Addie A. Mrs., pryden,) former 62. West, Gardner, Pryden,) termer 105. West, William, pryden,) fanner 14#. Westover, Elisha, Pryden,) former 100. Wheeler, Thomas H., (Varna,) farmer 123. WHEELER, ALMON, Pryden,) farmer 105. Wheeler, Cortland J., (Peruville,) fanner 30. Wheeler, Edson L., pryden,) farmer 50. Wheeler, Elson P., pryden,) fanner 29. Wheeler.Emery A., (Dryden,) former 102. Wheeler, Orrin W., (Dryden,) farmer 86. White, Abel, (Freeville,) fanner 90. White, Allen, Pryden,) farmer 60. White, Henry, (Freeville,) farmer 1. White, William R., (Freeville,) carpenter andjoiner. WILLCOX, LYMAN, pryden,) fanner 3}tf._. Willey, James A., (Slaterville,) farmer 180. Willey, RichardB., (Slaterville,) farmer 150. Willey, Samuel B., (Freeville,) farmer 170. WILLIAMS, A. & L. M (Freeville,) (Ambrose and Lucrn M.,) grist and saw ml]]. WILLIAMS, AMBROSE, (Freeville,) (A. AL. M. Williams.) WILLIAMS, ISAAC, (Varna.) farmer 50. WILLIAMS, LUCUS M., (Freeville,) (A. A L. M. WiMlams,) postmaster. Wilson, James, (Freeville,) farmer 1. Wilson, Sarah E. Mrs., Pryden,) farmer 66. WOOD, OTIS E., (Etna,) (Houtz, Wood A Co.) Woodman, George. (Vama.) (wlthMeneroy Overt,) farmer36. Wool, Robert M., (Slaterville,) farmer 111. Woolver, Samuel, (Etna,) farmer 275. Worden, Peter, (Etna,) farmer 135. Wright, Charles, (West Dryden,) former 106. WRIGHT, DAVID, (McLean,) former 3. WRIGHT, GEORGE, (McLean,) plasterer and stone mason. Wright, James H., (McLean,) bnek and stone mason and farmer Jfi. Yates, Chester, (Slatervffle,) former 4. Yates, Stephen, (Slaterville,) saw mill and farmer 180. York, Albert L pryden,) M. E. clergyman. Yonmans, Jason A_, (Etna,) carpenter and joiner and farmer 2%. 156 TOMPKINS COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY.

FOR ilium Mb & Men

This Institution is situated in the village of Dryden, Tompkins County, New York; one mile from the Dryden Sulphur Springs and Water Cure, and on the line ofthe Rail road now in course of construction from Auburn to Owego. It was founded in 1862, and has been gradually increasing in numbers and influence ever since. It has always been under the charge bf the same Principal and Preceptress, who de vote their entire time to its interests. There are two conrses of studies, English and Classical. The former embraces four wars, and the latter three. Students graduating from eitherof these receive a diploma. Young men completing the Classical Course have entered our best colleges with very creditable commendations; and young ladies have entered the Junior Class of Vassar College.

Pupils sent here from abroad are under the immediate care and direction of the Principal, becoming at once members of his household. Pupils are not allowed to use tobacco or intoxicating drinks. Tuition expenses from $4 to $8 perterm for day scholars. Board, tuition, washing, lights and fuel, $70 per term. There is a good Library from which students draw books. A cabinet and apparatus sufficient for illustrating the principles of science.

OsA.X_.E3KTID-_a_.n.

Spring Term opens March 23, closes June 26, 1868. Fall Aug. 10, " Nov. 15, " Winter Nov. 30, " March 5, 1869.

FOR PARTICULARS ADDRESS JACKSON GRAVES, PRINCIPAL, DRYDEN, IV. Y. ENFIELD. 157

E.KT_F,I_E_.XjI> .

(Post-Office Addresses in Parentheses.) Ackley, Hiram S., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 88. AIKEN, DANIEL L., (Enfield Center,) carpenter and farmer 92%. Almy, Bradford L., (Jacksonville,) shoemaker and termer 83. Anderson, Norman, phaca,) harness maker. Atwater, Amanda, (Trumansburgh,) farmer 127. ATWATER, ELIJAH S., (Enfield,) farmer. Atwater, Ervin, (Enfield Center,) farmer 115. Auble, Sophiaj(Enfield Center,) tailoress. AURMACK, WM. H., (Mecklenburg, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 94. Babcock, Margaret Mrs., (Jacksonville,) farmer 30. BABCOCK, SOPHIA MRS., (Jacksonville,) farmer 15. Bagley, James, (Enfield Center,) farmer 80. Bagley, Wm., (Enfield Center,) attorney and counselor at law. Bailey, Daniel W., (Enfield Center,) farmer 150. Bailey, Jehielj (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 66. Baker, Jeremiah M., (Ithaca,) farmer 107. Baker, John M., (Enfield Center,) farmer 116. Baker, John W., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 65. Barber, Eliza E., (Enfield Center,) farmer 1. BARBER, WM.,pnfleld Center,) blacksmith. BODLE, GEORGE W., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 117. Booth, Wm., (Jacksonville.) farmer 50. Bowgar, Daniel, (Jacksonville,) farmer 49. BRAGAW, ABRAM, (Enfield,) farmer 100. BREWER, EDGAR, (Enfield Center,) farmer 150. BREWER, HENRY COL., (Enfield Center,) farmer 70. BRISTOL, BYRON B., (Enfield Center,) son of S. Bristol. BRISTOL, STEPHEN B., (Enfield Center,) stock dealer and farmer 110. Broas, John P., (Enfield Center,) postmaster and blacksmith. Bruce, .Edward, phaca,) farmer 10. BRUCE, OLIVER, (Enfield,) farmer 100. Budd, Benj. F., (Ithaca,) carpenter and farmer 10. Budd, Charles, (Ithaca,) blacksmith. BUDD; GEORGE W., (Ithaca,) farmer 60. Burlew, David, (Enfield Center,) farmer 70. Burlew, Phineas, (Trumansburgh,) farmer 91. Burton, John, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 50. Butler, Daniel D., pnfield Center,) termer 6. Byrum, Clark, (Enfield Center,) farmer leases 190. Byrum, Eleazer, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 66X. Byrum, Joseph, pnfield Center,) termer 48. Byrum, Oliver. (Enfield Center,) farmer 60. Carley, Clark A., pnfield Center,) termer 4. Carman, Caleb, (Jacksonville,) farmer leases 65. Schuyler farmer 140. CARMAN.RICHARD, (Mecklenburgh, Co.,) Caywood, Helim, (Cayutaville, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 91%. Chase, Ezra Rev., pnfieldCenter,) clergyman and farmer 75. CHASE, WM. C, (Enfield Center,) laborer. Cherry, Theodore, phaca,) farmer 50. COCHRAN, ROBERT, phaca,) farmer 12. Compton, John, (Ithaca, ) farmer 95. Cook, James, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) dentist. Corbin, Tallman, phaca,) shoemaker and farmer 10. Cowen, Henry, (Enfield,) farmer 50. Cowen, Lewis, (Enfield Center,) farmer 90. Cowen, Seth A., (Enfield,) farmer 50. Cox, William, (Jacksonville,) farmer 60. CROSS, TIMOTHY, (Ithaca,) farmer 100X- CULBERTSON, WM., phaca,) (Snow A Culbertson.) Culver, Alonzo, pnfield,) farmer. Culver, Lawrence, pnfield,) farmer 60. CURRY, AMOS, (Enfield,) farmer 109. DARLING, JAMES, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 140. Darragh, John, (Enfield Center,) former 24. Davenport, Wm., Phaca,) farmer 36. Dean, Francis F., phaca,) former 60. 158 ENFIELD.

Dean, John, (Newfield.) farmer 12. Dean, Wm. S., (Enfield Center,) painter and termer 8. Dearburn, Oren, (Enfield Center,) termer 8. Doty, Isaac, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 50. Downing, George E., pnfleld Center,) farmer 41%. Drake, Wm. H., phaca,) farmer 65. Duncan, Wm., phaca.) grocery. Dunham, Peter, (Enfield Center,) farmer 7. Durling, John, (Trumansburgh,) farmer 65%. Ehle, John, pnfleld,) blacksmith. Emley, James S., pnfleld,) farmer 225. Ervy, Emanuel M., (Cayutaville, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 91%. Farrington, Isaac, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 25. Finaghan, Patrick, (Enfield Center,) farmer 1. FISH, JAMES L., (Enfield Center,) farmer 7. FISH, JOHN M., (Enfleld Center,) farmer leases 112. Fish, Oscar E., (Enfield Center,) farmer 72. FiBh, Samuel, pnfleld Center,) farmer 22. Fish, Solomon J., (Enfield Center,) farmer 51. Fish, Wells.pnfield Center,) farmer 75. FISHER, CHARLES W., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) former 260. Fisher, Wm. M., Pnfleld Center,) farmer 88. Fletcher, Charles J., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer. Fletcher, Herman, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 30. Joseph Fletcher, N ., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 85. Fletcher, Leroy C, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 69. FORD, EDWIN S., Pnfleld Center,) farmer 185. Pnfleld Fowler, Geo. S., Center,) farmer 51% . Fowler, Samnel N., (Ithaca,) farmer 70. Gee, William, (Mecklenbnrih, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 30. Georgia, Cyrenns S pnfleld Center,) farmer 97. Gifford, Jeremiah, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) cooper. Goodrich, James, (Enfield Center,) termer 1. Gould, Wm. E., (Jacksonville,) farmer 45. Graham, James C, (Enfield,) farmer 2. Graham, Samuel, (Enfield Center,) farmer 80. GRANT, EDWIN, (Enfield Center,) blacksmith. Gray, Drury, phaca,) farmer 6. Green, Thomas, (Enfield Center,) farmer leases 100. Griffin, Benj. U., (Enfield,) farmer 40. Griffin, Ceranna, (Enfleld Center,) farmer 10. Griffin, George R, (Enfleld Center,) farmer 6. Griffin, Gilbert, pnfleld,) farmer 60. GRIFFIN, STEPHEN, (Enfleld Center,) carpenter and farmer 1. Harvey, Asher, (Mecklenburgh. Schuyler Co..) farmer 48. HARVEY, ELEAZER B., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) former 100. HARVEY, JAMES, pnfleld Center,) farmer 147. Harvey, Joel, Pnfleld Center,) former 89. Harvey, Moses L., pnfleldCenter,) farmer 85. Harvey, Samnel A., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) fanner 68. HARVEY, SENECA, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 10S. HARVEY, SETH B., pnfleld Center,) farmer 120. HARVEY, SILAS, (Enfleld Center,) farmer 236. Harvey, Silas 2d., (Enfleld Center,) former 60. Hausner, George W., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) former leases 50. HAUSNER, ISAAC, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 151. Hausner, Martin, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co..) former 60. Havens, George, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 10. Havens, Hiel T., phaca,) farmer 80. Hedgin, Joseph L., phaca,) farmer 5. Heller, Oren A., phaca,) farmer 20. Hines, David, (Trumbull Comers,) farmer 81. HOLLISTER, JULIUS, Pnfleld,) farmer 40. Holly, Andrew J., (Enfleld Center,) farmer 55. HOLLY, NOAH, (Trumbull Corners,) farmer 264. Holzapfel, Fred., pnfleld Center,) farmer 65. Hoose, Lewis D., phaca,) farmer 1. HOPKINS, GEORGE H., phaca,) fanner 153. Horton, Benj. J., pnfleld Center,) farmer leases 65. Horton, Dewitt 0., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) former 11. HORTON, JOHN, (Enfield,) farmer 100. Hosher, James M., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.) former 60. Hosner, Henry, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer leases 54. Hosner, IrvinM., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) former 50.i ENFIELD. 159

HOSNER, LAVTNA, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co..) farmer 104. Hovey, James A. Dr., pnfleld Center,) alio, physician. Hular, Wesley C, (Jacksonville,) farmer 54. Hungerford, Benj., (Enfleld Center,) farmer 90. INK, GEORGE C., (Enfield Center,) termer 188. Jackson, Byron, Pnfleld Center,) farmer 50. Johnson, Abram H phacaj farmer 65. Johnson, David, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 6S. Johnson, George, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 64. Jones Louise, Pnfleld Center,) dressmaker. JOYCE, JAMES, phaca,) laborer. June, August, pnfleld Center,) farmer 65. KELLOGG, NELSON, (Enfleld Center,) (Marshall A Kellogg.) Kelsey, Charles T. Dr., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) physician and farmer 113%. KELSEY, THOMAS, phaca,) farmer 156#. King, Charles, (Enfield Center,) farmer leases 27. King, Oren, (Enfleld Center,) former 63. Kinkle, Wm., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer. Kirby, Barney, (Enfield Center,) farmer 65. Kirby, Nicholas, (Enfleld Center,) farmer 77Jf. Kitchen, Wm., (Enfield Center,) termer 1. KORTS, JACOJMIthaca,) farmer 240. KORTS, JOHN Wy phaca,) farmer leases 100. Lancaster, Amos, phaca,) carpenter and joiner. Laning, Alonzo, phaca,) former leases 35. Laning, Amos V., Pnfleld Center,) farmer 70. LANING, CHARLES W., (Enfleld Center,) farmer 123. LANING, THEO., Pnfleld Center,) former 128. LANNING, HARBISON, (Jacksonville,) farmer 96. LANNING, JAMES M., (Enfleld Center,) farmer 128. Lanning, Joseph I., pnfleld Center,) farmer 62. Lanning, T. Jefferson, Pnfleld,) farmer 90X- LANNING, WM., (Enfleld Center,) farmer leases 450, LARESONE, JAY., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) termer 109. Larison, Joseph, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 60. LEONARD, ARCHIBALD. (Enfleld Center,) termer 100. Leonard, James, (Trumbull Corners,) termer 33. Leonard, Luther, (Trumbull Corners,) farmer 75. Leondard, Richard J., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) former 67. Longcoy, Wm., (TrumbullComers,) former 21V. Longstreet, Slocum L., (Jacksonville,) former 65. Loomis, Samuel, pnfleld Center.) shoe maker. Lovell, Ezra C, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) wagon maker and blacksmith. Lovell, Jerome B.^fEnfleld Center,) fanner 84. Lovell, John W., (Enfleld Center,) farmer 77. Lytle, Lansing 0., (Enfield Center,) former 137. MABEY, SAMUEL F., phaca,) farmer leases 50. 'Manay, John, pnfleld,) farmer 12. Marshall, Gertrude, (Enfleld Center,) school teacher. MARSHALL, JAMES H., (Enfleld Center,) (Marshall A Kellogg.) MARSHALL & KELLOGG, (James H. Marshall and Nelson Kellogg,) Pnfleld Center,) generalproduce dealers. MarshalLWm., (Enfleld Center,) farmer 84. McCoy, Wm., (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) former 84. McKEEGAN, PHEBE E., (Waterburgh,) farmer 138. Merchant, Wm. A., (Enfleld Center,) termer 94 MILLER, CALEB/pnfleld Center,) farmer 119. MILLER, JONATHAN L., (Enfleld Center,) fanner 126. MILLER, JUDSON H., (EofleW Center,) termer 112. MINIER, ABRAM W., (Enfleld Center,) farmer 100. Nash, Richard^Pnfleld,) farmer 68. NELSON, JOHNC..JPfiaca,) former 112. NEWMAN, ISAAC H.. phaca,) farmer 160. NEWMAN, WM. O., (Ithaca,) farmer 107. Nivison, Jared T..(Jacksonville,) farmer 25%. NOBLES, ANSON 0, (Trumbull Corners,) farmer 150. Nobles, Charles R.,(E_ofle_-t Center,) fanner5a Nobles, John A., (Trumbnll Corners.) former 82. NOBLES, SGUIRE J., (Trumbull Comers,) former 105. OWEN, JAMES M., pnfleld Center,) farmer leases 100. Palmer, Daniel, (Trumbull Comers,) farmer 40. Palmer, L. Franklin, phaca,) former 60. Palmer, Louis, phaca,) farmer 70. 160 TOMPKINS COUNTY BUSINESS DIRECTORY.

A. H. & D. C. QUIGLEY, Merchant Tailors, Main St., Trumansburgh, N. Y., DEALERS IN

BROAD CLOTHS, OVER COATING, Cassimeres, Ladies' Sacking, Vesting, Purdy'6 Sheep's Grays, HATS & CAPS, GLOVES, LADIES' & GENTS' WRAPPERS AND DRAWERS, Hosiery, Ties, Scarfs, Bows, Sleeve Buttons, Linen and Paper Collars, Muslin and Woolen Shirts, Umbrellas, Trunks, Satchels, &c. Cloth & Trimming for Sale by the Yard. Cutting and making on Sbort Notice. A. H. QUIGLEY. D. C. QUIGLEY.

1!_!___.

LADIES AND GENTLEMEN VISITING

WILL FIND AT ICSTo. 94= OWEGO STREET, A NEAT, PLEASANT PLACE TO PROCURE REFRESHMENTS. Oysters, Steaks, Lunches, Pastry, Tea, COFFEE, ICE CREAM.PHILADELPHIA ALE, PRIME HAVANA CIGARS. NO SPIRITUOUS LIQUORS SOLD. ?

Warm Meals Furnished to Order on Short Notice. O. H. GREGORY, Proprietor. ENFIELD. 161

Peirson, Van Rensalaer, (Enfleld Center,) botanic physician. Pinckney, Marenus, (Enfleld Center.) farmer 60. Porter, Alpheus H., (Enfleld Center,) farmer 67. PORTER, FRANCIS, (Trumbull Corners,) farmer 75. Porter, Timothy J., (Enfleld Center,) farmer 75. Potter, Munson, (Enfleld,) farmer 50. Proctor, Thos., (Enfield Center,) farmer 1. Purdy, Andrew J., (Ithaca,) farmer. PURDY, CALEB, (Ithaca,) farmer 300. Purdy, Cornelius T., (Ithaca,) farmer 60. Purdy, Samuel D., (Enfleld Center,) farmer 80. Qneal, Jonathan, (Enfleld.) farmer 70. Rightmire, Daniel, (Enfleld Center,) farmer 50. RockwelL Hiram, (Enfield Center,) farmer 36. ROE, DANIEL. (Ithaca,) laborer. ROLFE, CHESTER, (Enfield,) farmer 110. ROLFE, EBEN, (Jacksonville,) farmer 85. ROLFE, EPHRAIM, (Jacksonville,) farmer 150. Rolfe, Ezra, (Enfleld,) farmer 76. Rolfe, George, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 43. Rolfe, Jonathan, (Enfield,) farmer 158. Rolfe, Jonathan 3d, (Enfield Center,) farmer 50. Rolfe, Oscar, (Enfield.) farmer 50. Rolfe, Reuben, (Enfleld,) farmer 130. Rolfe, Samuel, (Enfleld,) justice of the peace and fanner 45Jtf Rolfe, Simeon,JEnfleld,) farmer 50. Rolfe, Warren E., (Enfield.) farmer 50. Roloson, Isaiah, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 70. Rumsey-Albert L., (Enfleld,) hotelkeeper. RUMSEY,CHARLES W., (Trumbull Corners,) farmer 150. Rumsey, Eliza J., (Enfleld Center,)' farmer 60. Rumsey, George, (Trumbull Corners,) farmer 65. Rumsey,Horace, (Trumbull Corners,) farmer 68. RUMSEY, JAMES, (Trumbull Corners,) farmer 106. Kumsey. Jonathan, (Trumbull Corners,) fanner 78. RUMSEY, JOSHUA J., (Trumbull Corners,) farmer 8. RUMSEY, MILES, (Trumbull Corners,) farmer 100. Rumsey, Oliver, (Ithaca,) farmer 75. RUMSEY, SCHUYLER J., (Trumbull Corners,) fanner 172%. Russell, Hermon, (Trumbull Corners,) farmer 50. SAGE, CHARLES I., (Enfleld Center,) farmer 38. SAGE, JOHN R- (Jacksonville,) farmer 113. SEARLES, OLIVER, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 102. Sheffield, John W., (Ithaca,) farmer 63. Sheldon, Jerome, (Enfleld,) farmer. SIMPSON, GEORGE J., (Enfleld,) laborer. Smith, Alvah N., (Trumansbnrgh,) farmer 90. Smith, Charles M., (Trumansburgh,) farmer 70. Smith, Christopher, (Enfield Center,) farmer 80. Smith, Earl V., (Enfield Center,) farmer 60. Smith, George, (Enfield Center,) fenner leases 94. Smith, Harrison, (Trumansbnrgh,) farmer 42. SMITH, HUGH H., (Enfleld Center,) farmer 133. SMITH, JAMES Y., (Enfleld,) farmer 100. SMITH, JOHN, (Perry City, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 125. Smitl-JTo-in H^iJacksonville,) farmer 17. SMITH, JOSEPH, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 115. Smith, Obediah, (Enfleld,) farmer 50. SMITH, WM.B., (Enfleldj laborer. SNOW & CULBERTSON, (Wm. Culbertson and Wm. C. Snow,) (Ithaca,) Enfleld grist mills. Snow, Ervin L., (Ithaca,) blacksmith. Snow, Welles W., (Ithaca,) miller. Snow, Wm., (Enfleld,) farmer 35. SNOW, WM. C, (Ithaca,) (Snow A Culbertson.) Souls, Lambert, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) farmer 97. Sullivan, James, (Enfleld,) farmer 10. Sumerton, Frank G., (Enfleld Center,) farmer 40. Sumerton, John, (Enfleld Center,) farmer 67. Sutphen, Horace, (Ithaca.) farmer 50. Swartout, Maria, (Ithaca,) seamstress and farmer 1. SWICK, OLIVER I\, (Mecklenburgh, Schuyler Co.,) laborer. TEETER, ANDREW, (Enfleld Center,) farmer 115. THATCHER, EBENEZER, (Ithaca,) farmer 38.