10:54:03 OCA PAD INITIATION - PROJECT HEADER INFORMATION 03/18/88

Active Project ft; E-20-831 Cost share #: Rev #: 0 Center # : T5173-0A0 Center shr #: OCA file #: 90 Work type : PUB SER Contract#: TASK ORDER 13 UNDER BOA 11/9/8 Mod #: Document : TO Prime 1/: Contract entity: GTRC

Subprojects ? : N Main project #:

Project unit: CE Unit code: 02.010.116 Project director(s): MOSKALUK M J CE

Sponsor/division names: GA DEPT OF TRANSPORTATION Sponsor/division codes: 300 / 035

Award period: 880101 to 881231 (performance) 881231 (reports) Sponsor amount New this change Total to date Contract value 125,000.00 125,000.00 Funded 125,000.00 125,000.00 Cost sharing amount 0.00

Does subcontracting plan apply ?: N

Title: TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAM (6TH YEAR)

PROJECT ADMINISTRATION DATA OCA contact: Brian J. Lindberg 894-4820 Sponsor technical contact Sponsor issuing office

PETER MALPHURS SAM VOLLO (404)363-7510 (404)363-7585 GA DOT - OFF OF MATERIALS & RESEARCH GA DOT - OFF OF MATERIALS & RESEARCH 15 KENNEDY DRIVE 15 KENNEDY DRIVE FOREST PARK, GEORGIA 30050-2599 FOREST PARK, GEORGIA 30050-2599

Security class (U,C,S,TS) : U ONR resident rep. is ACO (Y/N): N Defense priority rating : N/A N/A supplemental sheet Equipment title vests with: Sponsor X GIT HOWEVER, NONE PROPOSED OR ANTICIPATED.

Administrative comments - FOLLOW-ON TO PROJECT E-20-606. TASK ORDER UNDER BOA #90

...L. I GO

GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY OFFICE OF CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION

NOTICE OF PROJECT CLOSEOUT Lc\ Date 3/6/89

E- 20- Project No. 831 Center No. T5173 - 0A0

Project Director H. J. Moskaluk School/Lab CE

Sponsor Georgia Department of Transportation

Contract/Grant NO. Task Order 13 under BOA 11/9/87 * GTRC XX GIT *Letter dtd 12/21/88 Prime Contract No. Title Technology Transfer Program (6th Year

Effective Completion Date 1/20/89 (Performance) 1/20/89 (Reports) Closeout Actions Required: None

■ Final Invoice or Copy of Last Invoice .11•01•11XIMMIN Final Report of Inventions and/or Subcontracts Government Property Inventory & Related Certificate Classified Material Certificate Release and Assignment Other Includes Subproject No(s). Subproject Under Main Project No.

Continues Project No. v-9()_AflA Continued by Project No.

Distribution: Project Director zaPor ator _a. Administrative Network _a_ GTRC _2L., Accounting Project File _aL Procurement/GTRI Supply Services _a_ Contract Support Division (OCA)( 2) Research Property Management Other Research Security Services

RESEARCH PROJECT PROGRESS REPORT DEPARTMENT OF _TRANSPORTATION STATE OF GEORGIA

Project No. Project Title Report No. 21 Report Period Technology Transfer Program-.for Local S808 (GDOT) from January 1, 1988* E20-831 (GT) Transportation AgenCies to June 30, 1988 Research Agency(s) Project Director(s) GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY M. JO HN MOSKALUK ATLANTA, GA 30332

Starting Date % Time Schedule Status Funding Sources(s) 1/1/88 Expended FHWA (50 %) D3 On 50% GDOT (50 %) Completion Date ❑ Ahead ❑ 12/31/88 Behind

Funds Authorized Funds Expended • F iscal Year Funding Total Total, % Report Period Autho rized Expended, % $125,000 $48,823, 39% $48,823, 39%

Project Objectives, Status, Progress Report Date 7/21/88 *Project's actual start date (expenditure of funds) was March, 1988, because of continuation of previous Technology Transfer Project.

PROJECT GOAL:

To communicate to local transportation agencies the availability and application of new technology that bridges the gap between research and implementation in the area of roadways, bridges, and transit.

OBJECTIVES:

o To enhance the existing programs of technology services of GDOT and Georgia Tech.

o To improve and further promote communication on technical transportation issues between GDOT, Georgia Tech, and the local agencies.

o To help insure that appropriate technology consistent with the needs of the local agencies is made available.

o To encourage implementation of effective procedures, practices, and materials at local levels. STATUS:

The three major tasks of the project are: conduct training seminars, publish a quarterly newsletter, and respond to requests for information and assistance.

The workshop on Right-of-Way Acquisition, "Basic Reloca- tion", was presented in all seven DOT districts, with dates and attendance as follows:

Chamblee 5/31 37 Thomaston 5/17 17 Gainesville 5/24 9 Cartersville 5/26 13 Jesup 5/10 18 Tifton 5/12 14 Tennille 5/18 10 118

The spring edition of TechTrans was published, and 1900 copies were distributed. In addition to responding to requests for publications and technical assistance, the Center has loaned 12 video tapes from its library during the quarter.

Seven presentations of the two remaining right-of-way workshops will be held in September, 1988. ("Business Moves" and "Decent, Safe, and Sanitary Housing" will be presented in a combined format on one day.) Dates have been set for the workshop and district auditoriums reserved.

'9 /---1 .--. --).-7 X .f

M. cfn Moskaluk, Director Technology Transfer Center Georgia Tech RESEARCH PROJECT PROGRESS REPORT DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION STATE OF GEORGIA

Project No. Project Title Report No.22 ti 8808 TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAM FOR Report Period LOCAL TRANSPORTATION AGENCIES from July 1, 1988 to September 30, E

Research Agency(s) Project Director(s) GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY M. JOHN MOSKALUK ATLANTA, GA 30332

Starting Date % Time Schedule Status Funding Sources(s) Expended January 1, 1988 a On FHWA (50%) Completion Date 75% ❑ Ahead GDOT (50%) December 31, 198E' ❑ Behind

Funds Authorized Funds Expended Fiscal Year Funding Total Total, % Report Period . Authorized Expended, % $125,000 $78,875, 637 $30,052, 24% $30,052, 24%

Project Objectives, Status, Progress Report Date October 13, 1988

PROJECT GOAL:

To communicate to local transportation agencies the availability and application of new technology that bridges the gap between research and implementation in the area of roadways, bridges, and transit. .

OBJECTIVES:

o To enhance the existing programs of technology services of GDOT and Georgia Tech.

o To improve and further promote communication on technical transportation issues between GDOT, Georgia Tech, and the local agencies.

o To help insure that appropriate technology consistent with the needs of the local agencies is made available.

o To encourage implementation of effective procedures, prac- tices, and materials at local levels.

STATUS:

The three major tasks of the project are: conduct training seminars, publish a quarterly newsletter, and respond to requests for information and assistance. The summer edition of TechTrans was published, and 2500 copies were distributed.

The Center has prepared two half-day workshops which are designed to be presented "on-site", i.e. the local shop facility. Both topics are offered as a video presentation with accompanying manuals and handouts. "Operator Daily Maintenance Procedures for Roadway Construction Vehicles" provides basic instructions and checklists for the main- tenance of light trucks, motor graders, dump trucks, crawler tractors, front end loaders, asphalt distributors, and rollers. "Roadway Maintenance Procedures" provides step-by- step instructions and suggestions for the repair of the subgrade and base, potholes, depressions, rutting, corruga- tion, and cracks, as well as for the application of single and multiple surface treatment. Several presentations of both topics are scheduled to be presented during the month of October. Workshops on unpaved roads and cleaning bridges and ditches are being prepared.

Seven presentations of each of the right-of-way workshops covering the topics of "Business Moves" and "Decent, Safe, and Sanitary Housing" will be held in October, 1988. Brochures for the workshop have been sent to the district engineers and right-of-way personnel.

The Georgia Department of Transportation is currently considering whether or not to renew the contract of the Technology Tranfer Center. In keeping with this effort, the Technology Transfer Center, with the Georgia Department of Transportation, is working to evaluate the effectiveness of the Center. Subjective and objective evaluations have been prepared.

The Center continues to distribute technical information and publications as well as provide technical assistance where needed.

MI/John Moskaluk, Director Technology Transfer Center Georgia Tech GEORGIA TECH

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER

ANNUAL EUALUATION REPORT

Prepared By:

Georgia Tech

Technology Transfer Center

Submitted To:

Federal Highway Administration

and

Georgia Department of Transportation

GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY A UNIT OF THE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30332 TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 1

CENTER ACTIVITIES 3

Mailing List 3

Publication List 3

Video Tape Library 4

Workshops 4 Newsletters (Tech Trans) 7 Technical Assistance 8

EVALUATION 10

CONCLUSION 12

APPENDIX A--Mailing List APPENDIX B--Publication List APPENDIX C--Video Tape List

APPENDIX D--Newsletters

APPENDIX E--Evaluation Reports o Georgia Tech Technology Transfer Center Evaluation Questionnaire Summary - Prepared by Georgia Department of Transportation, Office of Materials and Research, Mr. Peter Malphurs, August, 1988. o Final Report--Evaluation of Georgia Tech Technology Transfer Program, Prepared by Mr. Grover Bowman, April, 1988. ABSTRACT

This report is the final report for the sixth year contract of the Georgia Tech

Technology Transfer Center. It will document the activities of the Technology Transfer

Center during its sixth year of operation. Since the contract of the Center has not been

renewed for a seventh year, the report will also serve, to some extent, as an evaluation of the

Center during its entire tenure. Tallies and summaries will be provided concerning the

workshops, newsletters, mailing list, and video tape library, as well as the distribution of

technical publications and assistance.

In brief, the Center maintains a mailing list which, at present, contains almost 2400

entries, a publication list of 354 entries, and a video tape library containing thirty-eight tapes.

Documentation on each of these lists is contained in the appendices. Also, the Center has

sponsored ten workshop sessions at Department of Transportation District Offices, at which

$3,900 in registration fees were received. One session was conducted at the Corps of

Engineers in Savannah, and twelve sessions were conducted in local agencies. The total

attendance for the workshops was 483 persons. Regarding the newsletter, the Center distrib-

uted approximately 2500 copies each quarter (Copies of each newsletter are found in the

Appendix D).

Evaluation of the Center's sixth year activities will include the results of a survey

conducted by Mr. Hal Rives, Commissioner of Transportation. The survey solicited the

responses of local cities and counties regarding their awareness of the Center's services and

the value of such services. In addition an independent evaluation was conducted by Mr.

Grover Bowman under subcontract with the Center. INTRODUCTION

The Georgia Tech Technology Transfer Center was established to bridge the gap between research and implementation in the area of roadways, bridges, and transit. The

Center achieves this goal by encouraging awareness and implementation of effective procedures, practices, and materials at local levels. In doing so, the Center seeks to enhance communication with and programs provided by the Georgia Department of

Transportation.

The GDOT has divided the 159 counties in the State into seven districts. Some of the district staff that the Center deals with includes the District Engineer,

Maintenance Engineer, Construction Engineer, Traffic Engineer, and Training Officer.

During the years, a strong working relationship has developed between the local agency staff and the GDOT. Most of the technical assistance received by the local agencies comes through GDOT, and it is this route of assistance that the Technology Transfer

Center seeks to tap into and expand upon.

When the Center started its operation, it quickly realized the advantage of using the GDOT relationship with the local jurisdictions as a vehicle to get the program underway and to begin to establish credibility. The efforts of the Center are coordinated with those of the GDOT through the District Engineers, GDOT liaison (Mr.

Percy Middlebrook) and with other GDOT Engineers. Further, work with the Federal

Highway Administration is coordinated through the FHWA liaison (Mr. Andy Hughes) and other FHWA staff.

Center activities are monitored by two committees. These committees are the

Technical Advisory Committee and the Policy Advisory Committee. The Technical

1 Advisory Committee is composed of Mr. Andy Hughes (FHWA), Mr. Percy

Middlebrook (GDOT), and Dr. John Moskaluk (Georgia Tech). The prime function of this committee is to oversee the daily activities of the Center and to provide guidance to the Center Director.

The Policy Advisory Committee is composed of Commissioner Hal Rives

(GDOT), Mr. Peter Malphurs (GDOT), Mr. Louis Papet (FHWA), Mr. Erwin Kee

(FHWA Advisory), Mr. Jerry Griffin (Association County Commissioners), Mr. James

Burgess (Georgia Municipal Association), Dr. Edmund Fitzgerald (Georgia Tech), and the Technical Advisory Committee. The function of this committee is to provide policy guidance to both the Technical Advisory Committee and to the Center Director. The committee deals with the broad issues concerning center strategy as well as specific issues such as workshop topics.

At the present time, the Center staff consists of John Moskaluk, Center Director, and his assistant, Marty Milliner, as well as three part-time graduate students: Jeff

Bump, Todd DeVos, and Shahram Malek.

2 CENTER ACTIVITIES Mailing List The mailing list contains almost 2400 entries and can be sorted by agency type, GDOT district, or employee type. Included on the mailing list are Street Superintendents, City and County

Engineers, City and County Maintenance Personnel, Law Enforcement Officials, County Commissioners, Area Planning and Development Commissions (APDC's), State Legislators, City Mayors, County Road Advisors, Georgia DOT District Engineers and Training Officers, Federal Coordinators, Technology Transfer Centers, and others. The mailing list is updated when changes in personnel are made available to the Center and also by request. During the summer of 1988, the mailing list was updated to exclude the names of the main officials in cities and counties, listing only their titles. These officials include mayor, county commission chairman, public works director, road superintendent, and county engineer. The purpose of this change in policy was to insure that when changes in personnel occur, the newsletter will continue to be received by the most appropriate person. Workshop participants are encouraged to have their names added to the mailing list, and many do so. Twenty copies of the newsletter are sent to each District Office, Plus the downtown Atlanta Headquarter Office. In addition, GDOT employees who have requested a copy receive their own. A copy of the mailing list is included in Appendix A.

Publication List A list of publications which are available from the Center's library is maintained

3 on the IBM-PC. This list currently includes 354 publications and can be sorted by

subject and author. The sort feature of the software facilitates a search for appropriate

materials when requests are made by local agencies. Thirty-five publications were

requested by local officials and were sent to them, free of charge. A listing of the

publications currently available from the Center is contained in Appendix B.

Video Tape Library The Center maintains a video tape library. At the present time, the Center has

thirty-eight different VHS video tapes on topics ranging from tort liability to gravel

roads. The tapes may be borrowed for a two-week period (requests are usually limited

to two tapes at a time) and are loaned free of charge to anyone who requests them.

Updates on available tapes are made in the newsletter. Certain titles are very popular,

and a waiting list is maintained for the distribution of tapes which were unavailable at the time of the request. Fifty-one tapes have been loaned to local agencies during the

year. A current listing of tapes available and their synopses is included in Appendix C.

Workshops

Workshops are the most important task of the Center's activities, in terms of both

the quality and the quantity of access to the local agencies. Therefore, before a workshop is implemented, discussions are held with local officials, GDOT, FHWA, and

others to evaluate topics of potential benefit to local agencies. The Policy Advisory

Committee uses this information as well as returned questionnaires from previous workshops to determine which workshops should be scheduled and the locations for their presentations.

4 Workshop instructors are chosen from GDOT, FHWA, local agencies, and consultants. Most frequently, instructors are GDOT personnel.

The criteria used in making each of the above decisions are shown below: DECISION CRITERIA - Workshop topic - Potential benefits - Needs - Maximum participation

- Duration - Maximum participation - Efficient coverage

- Schedule - Maximum participation - Instructors - Knowledge of subject - Understanding of local agency needs - Cost

Using video tapes prepared by the International Road Federation and distributed by the Federal Highway Administration, the Technology Transfer Center has prepared four video workshop presentations. The four presentations are as follows: Operator Daily Maintenance of Equipment Roadway Maintenance Procedures (Repair and Resurfacing Pavements Maintenance Procedures for Bridges, Ditches, and Shoulders Roadway Maintenance Procedures for Unpaved Roads and Shoulders

The consensus of the local agencies seemed to be that they felt a need for instruction in basic procedures in which their road crew could participate in at their own shop or nearby. Many highway workers cannot read, and are intimidated by the prospect of participating in a workshop with people other than their own crew. Also, due to manpower restrictions, most local agencies can only send a very select group of their crew to a remote workshop. The Center developed the four video workshops to

5 meet the expressed needs of the local agencies. All four workshops are half-day presentations. Video taped instruction is accompanied by oral instruction, discussion, and handouts. Booklets summarizing the video tapes are made available to foremen and supervisors, and have been given to GDOT under separate cover.

The presentations have been enthusiastically received by the participants, as well as local officials. The on-site presentations are perceived by the Center as an effective means of getting to know local personnel and their transportation needs better.

The Center conducted twenty-three workshops during the year. These include the video presentations as well as workshops coordinated with the Department of

Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration. The following is a summary of workshop activity:

WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS

Basic Relocation Savannah 5/13 14 Jesup 5/10 18 Tifton 5/12 14 Thomaston 5/17 17 Tennille 5/18 10 Gainesville 5/24 9 Cartersville 5/26 13 Chamblee 5/3 17 Total 132

Business Moves/Decent, Safe, and Sanitary Housing Thomaston 10/20 21 Gainesville 10/25 14 Chamblee 10/27 26 Total 61

Operator Daily Maintenance of Equipment Columbia County 9/30 23 Douglas County 11/8 35 Total 58

6 Roadway Maintenance Procedures (Repair and Resurfacing Pavements) Columbia County 9/30 23 Rockdale County 10/4 22 Habersham County 10/7 28 Heard County 10/11 24 Douglas County 10/25 35 Barrow County 11/1 18 Hall County 11/3 8 Murray County 10/18 4 Total 162

Maintenance Procedures for Bridges, Ditches, and Shoulders Douglas County 11/8 35

Roadway Maintenance Procedures for Unpaved Roads and Shoulders Douglas County 11/8 35

Total number of sessions 23 Total number of participants 483

During 1987, the Technology Transfer Center instated the policy of charging a registration fee for participation in a workshop conducted at any of the Department of

Transportation District Offices. The purpose of this fee is to assess the interest of the local agencies in the Center and to allow them to express their support through a token financial investment. The total dollars received for 1988 was $3,900.

Since, the video workshops presentations are a recent endeavor, a fee policy has not been established for them.

Newsletters (Tech Trans)

The newsletter is a very valuable tool for the Technology Transfer Center. It provides the opportunity to make local agencies aware of the services which are available through the Center, as well as other programs throughout the Southeast. In

7 addition, the newsletter is a channel for the actual transfer of technology to the local agencies, with pertinent information on new methods and trends.

Tech Trans was published each quarter of 1988, and approximately 2500 copies of the newsletter were distributed each quarter. Total distribution was increased 15% over

1987. Contents of each newsletter may include the following:

o Editor's Note: This column is devoted to informing the readers about what is happening at the Center. Policy and personnel changes are noted here, as well as highlighting upcoming events.

o Articles: Each newsletter contains two or more articles. Articles come from various sources and are chosen for their applicability to the needs of the local agencies in the State.

o Maintenance Tips: Maintenance tips are selected from the "Field Maintenance Manual for Georgia Counties Local Roads and Streets."

o Briefs, Trends, and Facts: On the lighter side, several short, news-worthy topics are published. Some of the items included under this heading are: historical facts, miscellaneous trends, general transportation related news, financial data, and humorous items.

o Publications: Research reports and relevant articles are listed in the newsletter. These may be publications which are available from the Center at no charge or which may be ordered from other agencies. Video tapes are also included.

o Workshops and Conferences: A selective list of upcoming meetings, workshops, etc., concerning relevant topics, are listed so that the local agencies will be aware of such opportunities.

Technical Assistance

The Center has during the past year responded to 74 requests for technical assistance. Requests for assistance are made during workshops, by telephone, or by mail. Typical areas of technical assistance provided were in microcomputer applications in transportation, roadway surface treatment, signalized intersection analysis, and traffic

8 control and operations. Responses to these requests are provided by telephone, by mail, or by on-site visits.

In addition, the Center has worked very closely with GDOT, Bureau of Public

Transportation. The Center has provided microcomputer assistance in the form of purchase specifications, installation and operation to all of the urban area transit agencies, except MARTA.

9 EVALUATION Throughout the summer of 1988, the Georgia Department of Transportation was in the process of evaluating the work of the Technology Transfer Center for the purpose of making a decision as to the continuation of funding for the project. A survey questionnaire was distributed by Mr. Hal Rives, Commissioner, to the Chairmen of the

County Commissions. The various chairmen were requested to distribute the questionnaire to appropriate city people in their county. The results of the survey were compiled in a report which was generated on

August 24, 1988 by the Materials and Research Laboratory. (A copy of the report is included in Appendix E.) Forty-eight percent of the counties in Georgia responded to the survey. In some counties, more than one questionnaire was returned for a total of

87 responses. Of the 87 responses, 66 indicated that they thought the Technology

Transfer Center should be continued, 10 were neutral, and 11 indicated that they did not think they program should be continued. The eleven negative responses can be further examined, with interesting results.

Three of the respondees who indicated that they did not think the program should be continued, also indicated that they had used the services of the Center and found them to be of value. Six of the negative responses indicated that the services of the Center had never been utilized by their agency. Only two agency who indicated that the program should be discontinued had used the services of the Technology Transfer Center and found them to be of no value. One can draw the conclusion that the Center is not inadequate but under-advertised.

10 Respondees gave an overwhelming indication that they saw the need for workshops that could be conducted at the local agency's shop, and that they would support such an activity. The Center has already responded to this need with the establishment of four video presentations. The topics of the presentations are ones which the respondees indicated to be relevant to their needs.

11 CONCLUSION

"...no way to tell you what this service means to us."

"It's a real good service. We would like to see it continued."

"My crew has never had the opportunity to attend workshops other than those offered by the Technology Transfer Center."

"Everyone in our office was afraid to use computers until they went to the workshop..."

"John is invaluable as a ready source of technical assistance." "We were trying to work with no traffic data at all, until we started borrowing the traffic counters from the Center."

"...the training and technical assistance is a viable tool...the Center is very much needed to assist our road and engineering department in several critical areas."

"really helps the 'little man'..."

"...the Center was more willing to meet our needs on our schedule..."

There were several telephone follow-up of Mr. Rives' Technology Transfer

Center Evaluation Questionnaire. The purpose of the telephone follow-up was to obtain specific information as to how the Center had increased productivity in local agencies.

The responses are summarized into general categories.

The workshops sponsored by the T2 Center are seen as a viable means to obtain basic information on everyday operations. "Basic", is used here to mean information that may not be technologically earth-shattering, but to which the local agency has no other access. In conversations with local officials, phrases such as "don't have to re- invent the wheel" were frequently used regarding the information obtained through T 2

workshops. Commonly made errors in practice or judgement can be avoided with

12 minimal instruction; it seems that the process of developing effective techniques through trial and error is often shortened or eliminated because of information made available to the people who really need to know.

Regarding the "people who really need to know," it was pointed out several times that the Center is frequently the only source that is available to the actual road crew.

Engineers, officials, and office personnel may have some options as to where they can turn for information, depending on the availability of time and money; but it is seldom that anyone has anything to offer the road crew, even if they could all be spared to attend a workshop.

As previously mentioned, the information available from the Center is not necessarily hi-tech or radical. It is frequently information that is readily available to the public--if they knew where to look and had the time and inclination to spend looking.

The T2 Center is viewed by local agencies as a clearinghouse for all sorts of information, obtainable through a single telephone call. They consider the T2 staff their transportation "yellow pages" for information as well as advice. These views are a summary of the responses that were elicited by the question, "In what specific ways has the Technology Transfer Center increased productivity in your agency?"

One response in particular should be shared in more detail. Mr. Don Bartles,

Columbia County Public Works Director, was more than eager to relate all of the ways that the Center had benefitted his county. One thing that he was especially excited about was the new program using calcium chloride on unpaved roads. He had called

Dr. John Moskaluk about a year ago to ask for suggestions on dust control. Dr.

Moskaluk did some checking around and put him in touch with a company in Canada

13 that manufactured the product that Mr. Bartles needed. Columbia County now has some very ridable dirt roads. Mr. Bartles said that some of the people in Columbia

County are enjoying their dirt roads so much, "they would fight you if you tried to pave those roads." The landfill road was an especial nuisance, but they have not had any complaints since they started treating it with calcium chloride. Partially to be helpful and partially to try to lower his own costs, Mr. Bartles sold the program to officials in

McDuffie, Warren, Lincoln, and White counties. The market proved to be so good that the manufacturer now has offices in Columbia County. Mr. Bartles credits the Georgia

Tech Technology Transfer Center with this whole operation. As if this story were not praise enough, Mr. Bartles went on to relate how 250 miles of dirt road in Columbia

County had been rated as a result of his attendance at the T 2 workshop concerning the

NACE manual and guides. Having rated their dirt roads, officials in Columbia County are now able to prioritize their entire road system. Therefore, they are able to validate their requests for assistance from the Department of Transportation in paving concerns.

The final result of these and other improvements in Columbia County is that they do not "bother the Commissioner's office as much." Columbia County, as a result of assistance from the Technology Transfer Center, is better educated and better able to take care of their roads in a timely and efficient manner.

Obviously, not every public works director in Georgia is this enthusiastic about the Technology Transfer Center. However, this example is one which illustrate how the whole spectrum of service offered by the Center can be utilized by local agencies.

In summary, the center has established itself as a valid and useful entity from which local transportation agencies can receive assistance. Based on a complex decision

14 process, the GDOT has determined that future Center activities should be continued by the Department. Although the partnership of GDOT and Georgia Tech provided an additional facet of expertise, it is anticipated that the GDOT will continue many similar activities and build upon the foundation laid by the Georgia Tech Technology Transfer Center. Many local agencies success stories (in terms of improved productivity and increased efficincy) can be attributed to the Georgia Tech Center. A technology tansfer center is for the benefit of the cities and counties throughout the State. A successful program is dependent on their utilization of the services provided by the Center. It is hoped that the local agencies will continue to use the new center at GDOT.

15 APPENDIX A—Mailing List MAYOR CITY MANAGER POLICE CHIEF 2716 BROAD STREET 2716 BROAD STREET 2721 WASHINGTON ST. S.W. CITY HALL CITY HALL AUSTELL, GA 30001 AUSTELL, GA 30001 AUSTELL, GA 30001

CITY ENGINEER HON. STEVE THOMPSON 2716 BROAD STREET DISTRICT 20 POST 4 POLICE CHIEF CITY HALL 4265 BRADLEY DR. 10 N. CLARENDON RD. AUSTELL, GA 30001 AUSTELL, GA 30001 AVONDALE ESTATES, GA 30002

HON. TERRY LAWLER DISTRICT 20 POST 5 MAYOR CITY ENGINEER P. O. BOX 189 10 N. CLARENDON RD. 10 N. CLARENDON RD. 4887 MOSLEY RD. AVONDALE ESTATES, GA 30002 AVONDALE ESTATES, GA 30002 CLARKDALE, GA 30020

MAYOR 3921 CHURCH ST. POLICE CHIEF PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR CITY HALL 3921 CHURCH ST 3921 CHURCH ST CLARKSTON, GA 30021 CLARKSTON, GA 30021 CLARKSTON, GA 30021

PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR PAT JARVIS DEKALB COUNTY TRAFFIC ENGINEERING SHERIFF ROOM 411 ROOM 209 556 N. MCDONOUGH ST. 120 W. TRINITY PLACE ONE CALLAWAY SQUARE DECATUR, GA 30030 DECATUR, GA 30030 DECATUR, GA 30030

CHAIRMAN DEKALB CO. COMM. HON. MARY MARGARET OLIVER DEKALB ADMINISTRATION BLDG. POLICE CHIEF DISTRICT 53 1300 COMMERCE DR. 420 W. TRINITY PLACE 150 E. PONCE DE LEON AVE. #480 DECATUR, GA 30030 DECATUR, GA 30030 DECATUR, GA 30030

W. J. HUMMA PURCHASING DIRECTOR FOURTH FLOOR - ROOM 409 HON. FRANK REDDING MICHAEL COX ONE CALLAWAY SQUARE DISTRICT 50 DEKALB COUNTY 120 WEST TRINITY PLACE P.O. BOI 117 #1 CALLAWAY SQUARE DECATUR, GA 30030 DECATUR, GA 30030 DECATUR, GA 30030

HON. PAT SWINDALL U.S. REP. 4TH DIST 160 CLAIRMONT AVE CITY ENGINEER MAYOR SUITE 140 P.O. BOX 220 P.D. BOX 220 DECATUR, GA 30030 DECATUR, GA 30031 DECATUR, GA 30031

HON. KEN WORKMAN F. D. BAND CITY MANAGER DISTRICT 51 PUBLIC SAFETY DIR. P.O. BOX 220 200 &BRIDGE PARKWAY 4400 MEMORIAL DR. DECATUR, GA 30031 DECATUR, GA 30032 DECATUR, GA 30032

DONALD L. BROOKS TOMMY HENDERSON MR. BOBBY WESTBROOKS BEAU CO. DEKALB CO. 3449 BENNINGTON DR. 729 CAMP ROAD 729 CAMP ROAD DECATUR, GA 30032 DECATUR, GA 30032 DECATUR, GA 30032

HON. BETTY AARON HON. EUGENE P. WALKER HON. ELEANOR RICHARDSON DISTRICT 56 DISTRICT 43 DISTRICT 52 LEGISLATIVE OFFICE BLDG. 2231 CHEVY CHASE LANE 755 PARK LANE 18 CAPITOL SQUARE DECATUR, GA 30032 DECATUR, GA 30033 ATLANTA, GA 30034 BILL VERNEE HON, WILLIAM MANGUM JR. HON. DEAN ALFORD LEM. REPRESENTATIVE DISTRICT 57 POST 2 DISTRICT 57 POST 3 GEORGIA EMC 4320 PLEASANT FOREST DR 20 WILLOWICK DR. 148 INTERNATIONAL BLVD. DECATUR, GA 30034 LITHONIA, GA 30038 ATLANTA, GA 30043

COMMANDER DIRECTOR OF ENGR A HOUSING STREET SUPERINTENDENT POLICE CHIEF ATTN: ATZI-G-FE P.O. BOX 69 745 FOREST PARKWAY FORT GILLEN, GA 30050 FOREST PARK, GA 30050 FOREST PARK, GA 30051-0069

O.L. BERRY JR. DIRECTOR MAYOR CITY MANAGER DEPT. OF P.W. CITY HALL CITY HALL 5230 JONES ROAD 745 FOREST PARKWAY 745 FOREST PARKWAY FOREST PARK, GA 30050 FOREST PARK, GA 30051-0069 FOREST PARK, GA 30051-0069

PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR HON. TERRELL STARR JOHN E. ARO CITY HALL DISTRICT 44 CITY OF FOREST PARK 745 FOREST PARKWAY 4766 TANGLEWOOD LANE 785 FOREST PARKWAY FOREST PARK, GA 30051-0069 FOREST PARK, GA 30050 FOREST PARK, GA 30051-0069

HON. WILLIAM LEE MR. PETER MALPHURS MR. RICK DEAVER DISTRICT 72 POST GA. DEPT. OF TRANS. GA. DEPT. OF TRANS 5325 HILLSIDE DR. 15 KENNEDY DRIVE 15 KENNEDY DRIVE FOREST PARK, GA 30050 FOREST PARK, GA 30050 FOREST PARK, GA 30050

MR. JAMES R. ADAMS SURFACE TUT. SECT. WILLIE JOHNSON MAYOR DEPT. OF TRANSP. GDOT 6980 MAIN ST. 15 KENNEDY DRIVE 25 KENNEDY DR. CITY HALL FOREST PARK, GA 30050 FOREST PARK, GA 30050 LITHONIA, GA 30058

CITY ENGINEER BON. ROY BARNES 6980 MAIN ST. POLICE CHIEF DISTRICT 33 CITY HALL 6980 MAIN ST. 4841 BROOKWOOD DR. LITHONIA, GA 30058 LITHONIA, GA 30058 KABLETON, GA 30059

COMMANDER TRAFFIC SUPERVISOR PUBLIC WORKS CENTER CITY OF MARIETTA ATTN: 70:WLW COMMANDING OFFICER 725 PAGE STREET NAVAL AIR STATION--ATLANTA NAVAL AIR STATION--ATLANTA MARIETTA, GA 30060 MARIETTA, GA 30060 MARIETTA, GA 30060

SAD LABORATORY RICK BRUN 611 SOUTH COBB DRIVE COUNTY ENGINEER CITY HALL P.0. BOI 51 P.O. BOX 649 205 LAWRENCE STREET MARIETTA, GA 30061 MARIETTA, GA 30061 MARIETTA, GA 30060

CHAIRMAN PAUL DAVID DOWNEHOO GALE N. HOPKINS COBB CO. COMMISSIONERS COBB CO. DOT COBB CO. DOT 10 E. PARK SQUARE 10 E. PARK SQUARE 10 E. PARK SQUARE MARIETTA, GA 30060-9602 MARIETTA, GA 30060-9629 MARIETTA, GA 30060-9623

MR. JIMMY PRUITT LESLIE WRIGHT ASH SUPER MS. SHARON BOX COBB CO. DOT COBB COUNTY DOT ENGINEER 10 E. PARK SQUARE 1890 COUNTY FARM RD 1624 SQUIRE DRIVE MARIETTA, GA 30060-9623 MARIETTA, GA 30060-4014 MARIETTA. GA nnfin-c757 STEVE B. COZBY EDDIE WATERS FRED THAGARD COBB CO. ROAD DEPT. COBB CO. ROAD DEPT. COBB CO. DOT 1890 COUNTY FARM ROAD 1890 COUNTY FARM ROAD 1890 COUNTY FARM RD. MARIETTA, GA 30060-4014 MARIETTA, GA 30060-4014 MARIETTA, GA 30060-4014

MR. DONALD GRIFFITH MR.SAN SMITH COBB CO, RIDE SHARE COOR. MGR. COBB CO. AIRPORT COBB COUNTY DOT COBB COUNTY DOT STREET SUPERINTENDENT PO BOX 649 PO BOX 649 P.O. BOX 609 MARIETTA, GA 30061 MARIETTA, GA 30061 MARIETTA, GA 30061

BILL HUTSON MAYOR CITY ENGINEER SHERIFF P.O. BOX 609 P.O. BOX 609 IO B. PARK SQ. N.B. MARIETTA, GA 30061 MARIETTA, GA 30061 MARIETTA, GA 30061

DIRECTORK. JHN W. WADE JR. JOHN BENNETT H. P. CRAFT POLICE CHIEF POLICE CHIEF COBB COUNTY D.O.T. 140 PAGE ST. S.E. 225 LAWRENCE ST. PO BOX 649 MARIETTA, GA 30061 MARIETTA, GA 30061 MARIETTA, GA 30061

MR. ART WINE MR. ROBERT E. KLINK MR. R. L. GENSEL DIV. MGR. DIV. MGR./ENGINEERING DIV. MGR./ADM. I CONTROL ROADS DIV. COBB COUNTY D.O.T. COBB CO. D.O.T. COBB CO. D.O.T. PO BOX 649 PO BOX 649 PO BOX 649 MARIETTA, GA 30061 MARIETTA, GA 30061 MARIETTA, GA 30061

MR. DOUGLAS E. HEFTY MR. RAE EMADI TRAFFIC ENGINEER JAMES CROY COBB COUNTY DOT COBB CO. D.O.T COBB CO. DOT P.O. BOX 324 PO BOX 649 1890 COUNTY FARM RD. MARIETTA, GA 30061 MARIETTA, GA 30061 MARIETTA, GA 30061

BON. GEORGE 'BUDDY' DARDEN BON. CARL HARRISON 7TH DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE HON. JOE MACK WILSON DISTRICT 37 366 POWDER SPRINGS ST. DISTRICT 20 POST 1 P. O. BOX 1374 SUITE 212 217 NORTHCUTT ST. MARIETTA, GA 30061 MARIETTA, GA 30064 MARIETTA, GA 30064

NON. SAN P. HENSLEY HON. THOMAS WILDER JR. HON. JOHNNY ISAKSON DISTRICT 20 POST 2 DISTRICT 21 POST 5 DISTRICT 21 POST 2 876 OLD MOUNTAIN ROAD 4195 PARISH DRIVE 5074 HAMPTON FARMS DR MARIETTA, GA 30064 MARIETTA, GA 30066 MARIETTA, GA 30067

PATRICK M. WRIGHT TRAFFIC ENGINEER HON. JOHNNY GRESHAM al AND ASSOCIATES DISTRICT 21 POST 4 3000 NORTHWOODS PARKWAY 1010 RICHMOND HILL DR. 94 CSG/DEE (TRAFFIC ENGR) SUITE 330 MARIETTA, GA 30067 DOBBINS AFB, GA 30069-5000 NORCROSS, GA 3 007 1

JAMBS POHLMAN JHK & ASSOC. 3000 NORTHWOODS PARKWAY MAYOR PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR SUITE 330 65 LAWRENCEVILLE STREET 65 LAWRENCEVILLE STREET NORCROSS, GA 30071 NORCROSS, GA 30071 NORCROSS, GA 30071

MAYOR PUBLIC WORKS SUPERINTENDENT CITY MANAGER P. O. BOX 46 P. O. BOX 46 P. O. BOX 46 POWDER SPRINGS, GA 30073 POWDER SPRINGS, GA 30073 POWDER SPRINGS, GA 30073 GERALD BALAS MAYOR CITY ADMINISTRATOR POLICE CHIEF 617 ATLANTA ST. 617 ATLANTA ST. 4470 MARIETTA ST. CITY HALL CITY HALL POWDER SPRINGS, GA 30073 ROSWELL, GA 30075 ROSWELL, GA 30075

CITY ENGINEER STREET SUPERINTENDENT DIRECTOR OF P.W. 617 ATLANTA ST. 617 ATLANTA ST. CITY OF ROSWELL CITY HALL CITY HALL 617 ATLANTA ST. ROSWELL, GA 30075 ROSWELL, GA 30075 ROSWELL, GA 30075

F. C. MINGLEDORFF REGINA APPLING POLICE CHIEF CITY OF ROSWELL CITY OF ROSWELL 100 MOUNTAIN PARK RD. 150 DOBBS DR. 150 DOBBS DRIVE ROSWELL, GA 30075 ROSWELL, GA 30075 ROSWELL, GA 30075

SUSIE C. BEASLEY DENNIS KILLER HON. LUTHER COLBERT CITY OF ROSWELL CITY OF ROSWELL ENG. DEPT. DISTRICT 23 150 DOBBS DRIVE 150 DOBBS DR. 495 HOUZE WAY ROSWELL, GA 30075 ROSWELL, GA 30075 ROSWELL, GA 30076

HON. FRED AIKEN STREET SUPERINTENDENT PUBLIC WORKS SUPERINTENDENT DISTRICT 21 POST 1 P.O. BOX 1226 P.O. BOK 1226 4020 PINEVIEW DR. SE SMYRNA, GA 30080 SMYRNA, GA 30080 SMYRNA, GA 30080

HON. WILLIAM ATKINS HON. HUGH A. RAGAN MAYOR DISTRICT 21 POST 3 DISTRICT 32 P.O. BOX 1226 4719 WINDSOR DR. 4010 WEST COOPER LAKE DR. CITY HALL SMYRNA, GA 30080 SMYRNA, GA 30080 SMYRNA, GA 30081

CITY ENGINEER R. E. LITTLE CITY MANAGER CITY OF SMYRNA POLICE CHIEF CITY OF STONE MOUNTAIN P.O. BOX 1226 1286 BANK ST. S.E. 922 MAIN STREET SMYRNA, GA 30081 SMYRNA, GA 30081 STONE MOUNTAIN, GA 30083

DANIEL HAZIM HON. LAWRENCE STUNBAUGH PROJECTS DIRECTOR DISTRICT 55 STARLING ENTERPRISES POLICE CHIEF 1071 YEKASSEE TR. 2022 WEEKS ROAD 922 MAIN ST. STONE MOUNTAIN, GA 30083 TUCKER, GA 30084 STONE MOUNTAIN, GA 30086

MAYOR PUBLIC WORKS SUPERINTENDENT HON. R. T. PHILLIPS CITY HALL CITY HALL DISTRICT 9 P. O. BOY 454 P. O. BOX 454 1703 POUNDS RD. STONE MOUNTAIN, GA 30086 STONE MOUNTAIN, GA 30086 STONE MOUNTAIN, GA 30087

COBB COUNTY DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION BON. THOMAS LAWRENCE ENGINEERING DIVISION DISTRICT 49 GROVER BOWMAN 10 E. PARK SQUARE 2283 STRATMOR DR. 5580 LEATHER STOCKING LANE ROOM 410 STONE MOUNTAIN, GA 30087 STONE MOUNTAIN, GA 30087 MARIETTA, GA 30090

MR. FRED K. BENTLEY FELTON CAMP CINDY GENTRY CONSTRUCTION ENGINEER CONSTRUCTION ENGINEER RIGHT-OF-WAY AGENT COBB COUNTY DOT COBB COUNTY DOT COBB COUNTY DOT 10 B PARE SQUARE 10 B PARE SQUARE 10 E. PARK SQUARE MARIETTA, GA 30090 MARIETTA, GA 30090 MARIETTA, GA 30090-9612 JOHNNIE MCKIBBEN LAND ACQUISITION CHARLES N, NWACHUKWU RUSS HAMILTON COBB COUNTY DOT COBB COUNTY DOT COBB COUNTY DOT 10 E. PARK SQUARE 10 E. PARK SQUARE 10 E. PARK SQUARE MARIETTA, GA 30090-9612 MARIETTA, GA 30090 MARIETTA, GA 30CS''-9623

WALT LASHLEY RANDALL HULSEY WAEL MAJDALAWI COBB COUNTY DOT COBB COUNTY DOT COBB COUNTY DOT 10 E. PARK SQUARE 10 E. PARK SQUARE 10 E. PARK SQUARE MARIETTA, GA 30090-9623 MARIETTA, GA 30090-9623 MARIETTA, GA 30090-9623

JAMES C. GRAY KAMBIZ JABBARI PRINCIPAL ENGINEER JACK SWEENEY COBB COUNTY DOT BRAY YAUCH AND ASSOCIATES ATLANTA TESTING 10 E. PARK SQUARE P.O. BOX 2869 105 TECHNOLOGY PARKWAY MARIETTA, BA 30090-9623 NORCROSS, GA 30091 NORCROSS, GA 30092

STREET SUPERINTENDENT PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR POLICE CHIEF 4375 SEN. RUSSELL SO. 4375 SEN. RUSSELL SQ. 4365 SENATOR RUSSELL SO. ACWORTH, GA 30101 ACWORTH, GA 30101 ACWORTH, GA 30101

HON. HERMAN CLARK MAYOR MAYOR DISTRICT 20 POST 3 100 PUBLIC SQUARE 4365 SEN. RUSSELL SO. 3708 SUMMIT DR. CITY HALL ACWORTH, GA 30101 ACWORTH, GA 30101 ADAIRSVILLE, BA 30103

STREET SUPERINTENDENT 100 PUBLIC SQUARE CITY ENGINEER MAYOR CITY HALL 136 CITY HALL AVE. 136 CITY HALL AVENUE ADAIRSVILLE, GA 30103 BOWDON, GA 30100 BOWDON, GA 30108

MAYOR CITY MANAGER CITY ENGINEER 121 PACIFIC AVENUE 121 PACIFIC AVENUE 121 PACIFIC AVENUE CITY HALL BREMEN, GA 30110 BREMEN, GA 30110 BREMEN, GA 30110

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN HON. THOMAS MURPHY HARALSON COUNTY HARALSON COUNTY COMMISSIONERS DISTRICT 18 COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. DRAWER 1140 BOX 488 BOX 488 BREMEN, GA 30110 BUCHANAN, GA 30113 BUCHANAN, GA 30113

TONY ELLIS COMMISSIONER MAYOR HARALSON COUNTY STREET SUPERINTENDENT BOX 6 P. 0. BOX 488 BOX 6 BUCHANAN, GA 30113 BUCHANAN, GA 30113 BUCHANAN, GA 30113

CHAIRMAN ROAD SUPERINTENDENT GALE HOPKINS CHEROKEE CO. COMM. CHEROKEE COUNTY 190 COKER ST. COUNTY COURTHOUSE 100 NORTH STREET CANTON, GA 30114 CANTON, GA 30114 CANTON, GA 30114

MAYOR CITY MANAGER HON. ALLYN PRICHARD P.O. BOX 468 P.O. BOX 468 DISTRICT 8 POST 1 CITY HALL CITY HALL ROUTE 8 STOVER RD. CANTON, GA 30114 CANTON, GA 30114 CANTON, GA 30114 E. BENSON CHAMBERS GERALD GILREATH COUNTY ATTORNEY CITY ENGINEER CARROLL COUNTY CHEROKEE COUNTY P. O. BOI 1236 TRAFFIC ENG. DEPT. P. 0, BOX 706 311 NEWNAN ST. 512 OLD NEWNAN ROAD CANTON, GA 30114 CARROLLTON, GA 3011? CARROLLTON, GA 30117

H. T, JOHNSON III RAY ADAMS W. GEORGIA AREA OFFICE TRAFFIC ENGINEER ELECTRIC MEMBERSHIP CORP GEORGIA TECH CARROLL COUNTY 155 TEMPLE RD. 201 TANNER STREET P.O. BOX 338 P. O. BOX 629 P.O. BOX 676 CARROLLTON, GA 30117 CARROLLTON, GA 30117 CARROLLTON, GA 30117

SKIP VALLEY PROGRAMS COORDINATOR ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CITY OF CARROLLTON CARROLL CO. CITY OF CARROLLTON P.O. BOX 1246 P. O. BOX 338 P.D. BOX 1246 CARROLLTON, GA 30117 CARROLLTON, GA 30117 CARROLLTON, GA 30117

HON. NEWT GINGRICH STAN BROWN CITY MANAGER 6TH DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE CITY OF CARROLLTON P.O. BOI 1246 CARROLL COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 1246 CARROLLTON, GA 30117 CARROLLTON, GA 30117 CARROLLTON, GA 30117

CHAIRMAN HON. WAYNE GARNER HON. JOHN SIMPSON CARROLL CO. COMM. DISTRICT 30 DISTRICT 70 P.O. BOX 338 109 STONEWALL DR. 302-A NEWNAN ST. CARROLLTON, GA 30117 CARROLLTON, GA 30117 CARROLLTON, GA 30117

MR. FELTON RUTLEDGE DISTRICT ENGINEER CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT GDOT DISTRICT 6 P.W. SUPERINTENDENT BARTOW COUNTY U.S. 41 SOUTH P.O. BOX 529 BOX 543 P. O. BOI 10 CARTERSVILLE, GA 30120 CARTERSVILLE, GA 30120 CARTERSVILLE, GA 30120

TERRY HARRIS GDOT DISTRICT 6 CHAIRMAN MAYOR U.S. 41 SOUTH BARTOW CO, COMM. P.O. BOX 529 P. O. 1301 10 P.O. BOX 543 CITY HALL CARTERSVILLE, GA 30120 CARTERSVILLE, GA 30120 CARTERSVILLE, GA 30120

CITY MANAGER HON. BOYD PETTIT III P.O. BOX 529 DISTRICT 19 MR. HUGH BRADLEY CITY HALL P.O. BOY 1256 262 OAKRIDGE DRIVE CARTERSVILLE, GA 30120 CARTERSVILLE, GA 30120 CARTERSVILLE, GA 30120

RAY SOUTHERN CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CITY OF CARTERSVILLE RONALD GARLAND BUTTS COUNTY P. O. 801 648 438 GRASSDALE ROAD COUNTY COURTHOUSE CARTERSVILLE, GA 30120 CARTERSVILLE, GA 30120 JACKSON, GA 30122

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT POLK COUNTY P. O. BOX 365 P. O. BOX 365 COURTHOUSE CAVE SPRING, GA 30124 CAVE SPRING, GA 30124 CEDARTOWN, GA 30125

CHAIRMAN COUNTY COMMISSIONERS STREET SUPERINTENDENT MANAGER POLK COUNTY P.O. BOX 65 P.O. BOX 65 COURTHOUSE CEDARTOWN, GA 30125 CEDARTOWN, GA 30125 CEDARTOWN, GA 30125 CLINT LESTER PROGRAMS DIRECTOR MAYOR POLK COUNTY P.O. BOX 65 COUNTY ENGINEER P.O. BOX 268 CITY HALL MAPLE STREET CEDARTOWN, GA 30125 CEDARTOWN, GA 30125 CUMMING, GA 30130

CHAIRMAN MAYOR DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS FORSYTH CO. COMMISSIONERS 301 OLD BUFORD ROAD MAPLE STREET P.O. BOX 128 CITY HALL CUNNING, GA 30130 CUMMING, GA 30130 CUMMING, GA 30130

CITY ENGINEER CITY MANAGER HON. BILL BARNETT 301 OLD BUFORD ROAD 301 OLD BUFORD ROAD DISTRICT 10 CITY HALL CITY BALL P.O. BOX 755 CUMMING, GA 30130 CUMMING, GA 30130 CUMMING, GA 30130

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN HON. CHARLES WATTS PAULDING COUNTY PAULDING CO. COMM. DISTRICT 41 COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE 505 HARDEE ST. DALLAS, GA 30132 DALLAS, GA 30132 DALLAS, GA 30132

COUNTY ENGINEER PAULDING COUNTY MAYOR CITY ENGINEER 11 COURTHOUSE SQUARE 120 MAIN STREET 120 MAIN STREET DALLAS, GA 30132 DALLAS, GA 30132 DALLAS, GA 30132

SUPT. PUBLIC SERVICES MAYOR CITY OF DOUGLASVILLE P.O. BOX 219 CITY MANAGER P.O. BOX 219 CITY HALL P.O. BOX 219 DOUGLASVILLE, GA 30133 DOUGLASVILLE, GA 30133 1LASVILLE, GA 30133

PUBLIC SERVICE DEPT. EARL LEE PERSONNEL CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT SHERIFF :19 6754 BROAD STREET 6754 BROAD ST. DOUGLASVILLE, GA 30133 DOUGLASVILLE, GA 30134 DOUGhASVILLE, GA 30134

RAYMOND NORTHAM CHAIRMAN OFFICE OF CO. MANAGER DOUGLAS CO. COMM. DOUGLAS CO. Bd. OF COMM. COUNTY COURTHOUSE PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR 6754 BROAD STREET 6754 BROAD STREET 6754 BROAD ST DOUGLASVILLE, GA 30134 DOUGLASVILLE, GA 30134 DOUGLASVILLE, GA 30134

HON. THOMAS KILGORE MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT DISTRICT 42 DRAWER B DRAWER B 1992 TARA CIRCLE ARAGON, GA 30134 ARAGON, GA 30134 DOUGLASVILLE, GA 30135

MAYOR HON. RONALD W. PITTMAN MAYOR 3578 W. LAWRENCEVILLE DISTRICT 60 CITY OF DULUTH CITY HALL 3636 TINSLEY PLACE 3578 W. LAWRENCEVILLE ST. DULUTH, GA 30136 DULUTH, GA 30136 DULUTH, GA 30136

CITY MANAGER CITY ENGINEER MAYOR CITY OF DULUTH CITY OF DULUTH CITY OF BERKELEY LAKE 3578 W. LAWRENCEVILLE ST. 3578 W. LAWRENCEVILLE ST. 4040 BERKELEY LAKE RD. DULUTH, GA 30136 DULUTH, GA 30136 DULUTH, GA 30136 STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY OF BERKELEY LAKE MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT 4040 BERKELEY LAKE RD. P. O. BOX 151 P. O. 1101 115 DULUTH, GA 30136 EMERSON, GA 30137 EMERSON, GA 30137

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT DRAWER 230 DRAWER 230 COURTHOUSE BIRAM, GA 30141 HIRAM, GA 30141 JASPER, GA 30143

CHAIRMAN ABE HIGHTOWER PICKENS CO. COMMISSIONERS GDOT BLANE JORDAN COURTHOUSE ROUTE 2 ROUTE 2 BOX 182J JASPER, GA 30143 JASPER, GA 30143 JASPER, GA 30143

HON. EDGAR L. JENKINS 9TH DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE 209 FEDERAL BUILDING MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOI 70 P. O. BOX 490 P.O. BOX 490 JASPER, GA 30143 JASPER, GA 30143 JASPER, GA 30143

ROBERT RUBLE CITY ENGINEER PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR POLICE CHIEF 2529 PARK STREET 2529 PARK STREET 2854 S. MAIN ST. N.M. KENNESAW, GA 30144 KENNESAW, GA 30144 KENNESAW, GA 30144

MAYOR 2529 PARK STREET MAYOR CITY ENGINEER CITY HALL CITY OF MOUNT ZION CITY OF MOUNT ZION KENNESAW, GA 30144 NT. ZION, GA 30150 KT. ZION, GA 30150

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOX 237 P. O. BOI 237 P.O. BOX 231 NELSON, GA 30151 NELSON, GA 30151 ROCKMART, GA 30153

MAYOR HON. NATHAN DEAN CITY MANAGER P.O. BOX 231 DISTRICT 31 P.O. BOX 231 CITY HALL 340 WINGFOOD ST. CITY HALL ROCKMART, GA 30153 ROCKMART, GA 30153 ROCKMART, GA 30153

PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR P.O. BOX 231 GARY D. JOHNSON GARRY PRATHER CITY HALL 533 E. 20TH ST. 533 B. 20TH ST. ROCKMART, GA 30153 ROME, GA 30153 ROME, GA 30153

RON. GEORGE "BUDDY" DARDEN 7TH DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE CITY ENGINEER MAYOR 600 E. 1ST STREET P.O. BOX 1433 P.O. BOX 1433 301 FEDERAL BUILDING HOKE, GA 30161 ROME, GA 30161 ROME, GEORGIA 30161

WILLIAM DARLEY JR DIRECTOR ROME REG. OFFICE ROBERT THACKER PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR GEORGIA TECH ASS'T DIR. ST.DEPT. P.O. BOY 1433 1204 SHORTER AVE, P.O. BOI 1433 ROME, GA 30161 ROME, GA 30161 ROME, GA 30161 COUNTY ENGINEER BON. EDWARD HINE JR. MARVIN CROWE FLOYD COUNTY DISTRICT 52 ASS'T SUPT. P.N. P.O. BOX 946 P.O. BOX 5511 P.O. BOX 946 ROME, GA 30161 ROME, GA 30161 ROME, GA 30161

CHARLES EVANS HON. E. M. CHILDERS SECTION SUPERVISOR HON. PAUL E. SMITH DISTRICT 15 POST 1 FLOYD CO, P.N. DISTRICT 16 28 SURREY TRAIL P.O. 1301 946 P. O. BOX 486 ROME, GA 30161 ROME, GA 30161 ROME, GA 30162 LINDSEY RUSH MR. C. D. EMMY DENNIS RUSH SECTION SUPERVISOR EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR CREW SUPERVISOR FLOYD CO. P.W. COOSA VALLEY APDC FLOYD CO. P.W. P.O. BOX 946 P.O. DRAWER H P.O. BOX 946 ROME, GA 30161 ROME, GA 30161 ROME, GA 30161

BILL LOVE HOUSTON FREEMAN DEPUTY WARDEN CAPTAIN FLOYD CO. CORR. INS. FLOYD CO. P.D. JOB BROWN P.O. BOX 946 201 N. 5TH AVE. P.O. BOX 1433 ROME, GA 30161 ROME, GA 30161 ROME, GA 30161

DAVID HOWERIN COOSA VALLEY AREA PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR CHAIRMAN PLANNING AND DEV. COMM. FLOYD COUNTY FLOYD CO. COMM. DRAWER H P. O. BOX 146 COUNTY COURTHOUSE ROME, GA 30161 ROME, GA 30161 ROME, GA 30163

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR TOWN OF EPHESUS TOWN OF EPHESUS 124 OLD FRANKLIN ST. ROUTE 1 ROUTE 1 P. O. BOX 155 ROOPVILLE, GA 30170 ROOPVILLE, GA 30170 ROOPVILLE, GA 30170

CITY ENGINEER HON. FOREST MCKELVEY 124 OLD FRANKLIN ST, DISTRICT 15 POST 2 MAYOR P. O. BOX 155 1118 OLD ROCKMART RD. SE P. O. BOX 58 ROOPVILLE, GA 30170 SILVER CREEK, GA 30173 SUWANEE, GA 30174

PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR CITY ENGINEER JOSEPH THURMAN P. 0. BOX 58 P. O. BOX 58 RFD 1 SUWANEE, GA 30174 SUWANEE, GA 30174 TALKING ROCK, GA 30175

MAYOR CITY MANAGER CITY ENGINEER P.O. 801 155 P.O. BOX 155 P.O. BOX 155 CITY HALL CITY HALL CITY HALL TALLAPOOSA, GA 30176 TALLAPOOSA, GA 30176 TALLAPOOSA, GA 30176

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER CITY ENGINEER CITY OF TEMPLE CITY OF TEMPLE CITY HALL P. O. BOY 160 P. O. BOX 160 BOX 697 TEMPLE, GA 30179 TEMPLE, GA 30179 VILLA RICA, GA' 30180

MAYOR 101 MAIN ST. BOX 69? MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY HALL BOX 201 BOX 201 VILLA RICA, GA 30180 WACO, GA 30182 WACO, GA 30182 MAYOR CITY OF WHITESBURG MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT 788 MAIN STREET BOX 116 BOX 116 P. O. BOX 151 WHITE, GA 30184 WHITE, GA 30184 WHITESBURG, GA 30185

CITY ENGINEER CITY OF WHITESBURG 788 MAIN STREET MAYOR CITY MANAGER P. O. BOX 151 103 CHURCH ST. 103 CHURCH ST. WHITESBURG, GA 30185 WOODSTOCK, GA 30186 WOODSTOCK, GA 30186

HON, PAT SWINDALL 4TH DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE CHAIRMAN 1001 CAMBRIDGE SQUARE PIKE CO. COMM. SUITE A STREET SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY COURTHOUSE HIGHWAY 9 2 S. MAIN STREET Z1BULON, GA 30195 ALPHARETTA, GA 30201 ALPHARETTA, GA 30201

CITY ADMINISTRATOR PUBLIC MORES DIRECTOR POLICE CHIEF 2 S. MAIN STREET 2 S. MAIN STREET 2 S. MAIN ST. ALPHARETTA, GA 30201 ALPHARETTA, GA 30201 ALPHARETTA, GA 30201

MEREDITH MASON KEN PATTON MAYOR CITY ENGINEER CITY OF ALPHARETTA 2 S. MAIN STREET CITY OF ALPHARETTA PLANNING-COMMUNITY BEV. CITY HALL 12 S. MAIN STREET 2 SOUTH MAIN ST. ALPHARETTA, GA 30201 ALPHARETTA, GA 30201 ALPHARETTA, GA 30201

COUNTY ENGINEER MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT LAMAR COUNTY P. O. DRAWER 2000 P. O. DRAWER 2000 COURTHOUSE AUBURN, GA 30203 AUBURN, GA 30203 BARNESVILLE, GA 30204

DONNA RUFFIN CHAIRMAN ZONING CLERK STREET SUPERINTENDENT LAMAR CO. COMM. THOMASTON ST. COURTHOUSE 109 FORSYTH STREET COUNTY COURTHOUSE BARNESVILLE, GA 30204 BARNESVILLE, GA 30204 BARNESVILLE, GA 30204

ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR CITY MANAGER LAMAR CO. COMM. 109 FORSYTH STREET 109 FORSYTH STREET COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY HALL CITY BALL BARNESVILLE, GA 30204 BARNESVILLE, GA 30204 BARNESVILLE, GA 30204

MR. LANIER BOATWRIGHT EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT MCINTOSH TRAIL APDC CITY OF BROOKS CITY OF BROOKS P.O. DRAWER A P. O. BOX 23 P. O. BOX 23 BARNESVILLE, GA 30204 BROOKS, GA 30295 BROOKS, GA 30295

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY ENGINEER P.O. BOX 175 P.O, BOX 175 P.O. BOX 289 CONCORD, GA 30206 CONCORD, GA 30206 CONYERS, GA 30207

MARTIN BRETHERTON MAI JOUDEN TRAFFIC ENGINEER ASSOC. TRAFFIC ENGINEER VICTOR DAVIS 922 COURT ST. 922 COURT ST. SHERIFF PO BOX 354 PO BOX 354 922 COURT ST, CONYERS, GA 30207 CONYERS, GA 3020? CONYERS, GA 30207 HON. PAT SWINDALL DIR. OF PUBLIC WORKS 4TH DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE CITY ENGINEER ROCKDALE COUNTY 955 BANK STREET P.O. BOX 1259 1591 HWY 20 NORTH CONYERS, GA 30207 CONYERS, GA 30207 CONYERS, GA 30207

CHAIRMAN PUBLIC WORKS SUPERINTENDENT ROCKDALE CO. COMM. CITY OF CONYERS POLICE CHIEF COUNTY COURTHOUSE P. O. BOX 1259 1194 SCOTT ST. P. O. BOX 289 CONYERS, GA 30207 CONYERS, GA 30207 CONYERS, GA 30207

MARILYN WALLICK VICE PRESIDENT COMMUNITY AFFAIRS MAYOR HON. HARRILL DAWKINS CHAMBER OF COMMERCE P.O. DRAWER 1259 DISTRICT 45 2347 SHADOWWOOD DRIVE CITY HALL 1445-A OLD MCDONOUGH RD, CONYERS, GA 30207 CONYERS, GA 30207 CONYERS, GA 30207

HON, TROY ATHON CHARLES MURRAY DISTRICT 57 POST 1 CITY OF CONYERS ROCKDALE CO. PUBLIC WORKS 1161 VALLEY DR. NE 1184 SCOTT ST. 1591 HWY 120 CONYERS, GA 30207 CONYERS, GA 30207 CONYERS, GA 30207

MS. BECKY MYERS NEWS EDITOR ROCKDALE NEIGHBOR 1706 D HIGHWAY 138 CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CO. ENGINEER CONYERS VILLAGE SHOP. CTR, COURTHOUSE COURTHOUSE CONYERS, GA 30208 COVINGTON, GA 30209 COVINGTON, GA 30209

CITY ENGINEER CITY MANAGER MAYOR 2111 CONYERS STREET 2111 CONYERS STREET 2111 CONYERS STREET P. 0. BOX 1527 P. O. BOX 1527 P. O. BOX 1527 COVINGTON, GA 30209 COVINGTON, GA 30209 COVINGTON, GA 30209

VIC GREENE ASST. ENGR. TECH. CHAIRMAN MAYOR CITY OF COVINGTON NEWTON CO. COKK. P.O. BOX 1527 PO BOX 2370 COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY HALL COVINGTON, GA 30209 COVINGTON, GA 30209 COVINGTON, GA 30209

MR. J. LOWERY HON. DENNY N. DOBBS MINT. FOREMAN DISTRICT 74 CITY SUPERVISOR GWINNETT CO. 329 HAROLD DOBBS RD. 2302 SCOTT CIR. 2659 BOLD SPRINGS RD. COVINGTON, GA 30209 DACULA, GA 30211 DACULA, GA 30211

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOX 400 P.O. BOX 400 STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY HALL CITY HALL P.O. BOX 145 DACULA, GA 30211 DACULA, GA 30211 FAIRBURN, GA 30213

CHARLES NAVE MAYOR HON. BEVERLY ENGRAM POLICE CHIEF P.O. BOX 145 DISTRICT 34 191 W. BROAD ST. CITY HALL P.O. BOX 908 FAIRBURN, GA 30213 FAIRBURN, GA 30213 FAIRBURN, GA 30213

MAYOR STREET SUPT. CITY ENGINEER CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE P.O. BOX 302 240 E. LANIER AVE. 240 E. LANIER AVE. FAYETTEVILLE, GA 30214 FAYETTEVILLE, GA 30214 FAYETTEVILLE, Gk 30214 CHAIRMAN COUNTY ENGINEER ROAD SUPERINTENDENT FAYETTE CO. COMM. FAYETTE COUNTY FAYETTE COUNTY COUNTY COURTHOUSE 200 COURTHOUSE 200 COURTHOUSE 200 COURTHOUSE SQUARE FAYETTEVILLE, GA 30214 FAYETTEVILLE, GA 30214 FAYETTEVILLE, GA 30214

J. W. MAY COUNTY ADMIN. RIGHT-OF-WAY AGENT FAYETTE CO. FAYETTE COUNTY HARVEY B. WHITEHEAD 200 COURTHOUSE SQ. 115 MCDONOUGH RD. PO BOX 86 FAYETTEVILLE, GA 30214 FAYETTEVILLE, GA 30214 FLOVILLA, GA 30216

CHAIRMAN ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR HEARD CO. COMM. BEARD CO. COMM. CITY OF FLOVILLA BOX 40 BOX 40 P.O. ROI 39 COURTHOUSE SQUARE COURTHOUSE SQUARE FLOVILLA, GA 30216 FRANKLIN, GA 30217 FRANKLIN, GA 30217

MAYOR CITY MANAGER MAYOR CITY OF FRANKLIN CITY OF FRANKLIN TOWN OF CENTRALHATCHEE P.O. BOX 251 P.O. ROI 251 ROUTE 2 FRANKLIN, GA 30217 FRANKLIN, GA 30217 FRANKLIN, GA 30217

STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR TOWN OF CENTRALHATCHEE COUNTY ENGINEER BOX 252 ROUTE 2 P.O. DOI 55 CITY OF GAY FRANKLIN, GA 30217 FRANKLIN, GA 30217 GAY, GA 30218

STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR BOX 252 CITY OF GRANTVILLE CITY ENGINEER CITY OF GAY 1 MAIN STREET P.O. BOX 126 GAY, GA 30218 GRANTVILLE, GA 30220 GRANTVILLE, GA 30220

COURTHOUSEUPERINTENDENTCO . ROAD S MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOX 208 P. 0. DOI 208 P. O. BOX 438 GRAYSON, GA 30221 GRAYSON, GA 30221 GREENVILLE, GA 30222

CHAIRMAN BOARD OF COUNTY COMM MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT MERINETHER COUNTY CITY OF GREENVILLE CITY OF GREENVILLE P.O. BOX 438 548 COURT SQUARE 548 COURT SQUARE GREENVILLE, GA 30222 GREENVILLE, GA 30222 GREENVILLE, GA 30222

HON. JOHN MOSTRER HON. SUZI JOHNSON-HERBERT HON. NEWT GINGRICH DISTRICT 75 DISTRICT 76 U.S. REP 6TH DIST 150 MEADOVISTA DR 110 PARTRIDGE PATH 201E SOLOMON ST GRIFFIN, GA 30223 GRIFFIN, GA 30223 GRIFFIN, GA 30223

MARY JO KLEINE CITY ENGINEER CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT COUNCIL ON AGING P.O. BOI 95 P. O. BOI 1087 P.O. BO! 131 GRIFFIN, GA 30224 GRIFFIN, GA 30224 GRIFFIN, GA 30224

LINDA BRADFORD MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR P.O. BOI 95 P.O. DOI 95 COUNCIL ON AGING CITY HALL CITY HALL P.O. BOX 133 GRIFFIN, GA 30224 GRIFFIN, GA 30224 GRIFFIN, GA 30224 CHAIRMAN WAYNE JOHNSON TOMMY WOODALL SPALDING CO. COMM. COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR CITY OF GRIFFIN P.O. BOX 1087 P.O. BOX 1087 120 NORTH 6TH ST. GRIFFIN, GA 30224 GRIFFIN, GA 30224 GRIFFIN, GA 30224

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR P.O. BOX 347 P.O. BOX 34? CITY OF HARALSON CITY HALL CITY HALL P.O. BOX 155 HAMPTON, GA 30228 HAMPTON, GA 30228 HARALSON, GA 30229

STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR CITY OF HARALSON STREET SUPERINTENDENT TOWN OF CORINTH P.O. BOX 155 P.O. BOX 324 ROUTE 2 HARALSON, GA 30229 HOGANSVILLE, GA 30230 HOGANSVILLE, GA 30230

STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT TOWN OF CORINTH CITY OF HOGANSVILLE CITY OF HOGANSVILLE ROUTE 2 400 E. MAIN STREET 400 E. MAIN STREET HOGANSVILLE, GA 30230 HOGANSVILLE, GA 30230 HOGANSVILLE, GA 30230

CHAIRMAN MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT BUTTS CO. COMM. CITY OF LONE OAK CITY OF LONE OAK COUNTY COURTHOUSE ROUTE 1 BOX 346 ROUTE 1 BOI 346 P.O. BOX 166 HOGANSVILLE, GA 30230 HOGANSVILLE, GA 30230 JACKSON, GA 30233

STREET SUPERINTENDENT BUTTS CO. COMM. MAYOR STREET SUPT. COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOI 3838 CITY OF JACKSON P.O. BOX 166 CITY HALL PO BOI 3838 JACKSON, GA 30233 JACKSON, GA 30233 JACKSON, GA 30233

LERACKS HON. LARRY SMITH SHERIFF DISTRICT 78 MAYOR CLAYTON CO. SHERIFF DEPT. P.O. BOX 4155 CITY OF JENKINSBURG COURTHOUSE SQ. JACKSON, GA 30233 JENKINSBURG, GA 30234 JONESBORO, GA 30236

WADE BRANNON STEVE RICHARDSON CHAIRMAN CLAYTON COUNTY CLAYTON COUNTY CLAYTON CO. COMM. TRANS. AND DEVEL. DEPT. TRANS. AND DEVEL. DEPT. ADMINISTRATION BUILDING 7960 N. McDONOUGH ST. 7960 N. McDONOUGH ST. JONESBORO, GA 30236 JONESBORO, GA 30236 JONESBORO, GA 30236

DR. WASSIN SELMAN PATRICIA MCDANIEL CLAYTON COUNTYMAYOR CLAYTON COUNTY TRAFFIC ENGINEER 102 N. McDONOUGH ST. 7960 N. MCDONOUGH ST. 1330 GOV'T CIRCLE CITY HALL JONESBORO, GA 30236 JONESBORO, GA 30236 JONESBORO, GA 30236

STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR HON. JIMMY BENEFIELD 102 N. McDONOUGH ST. P.O. BOX 1193 DISTRICT 72 POST 2 CITY HALL CITY HALL 6656 MORNING DOVE PLACE JONESBORO, GA 30236 NEWNAN, GA 30236 JONESBORO, GA 30236

GUS SAWHNRY MR.WAYNE PATERSON MR. CHUCK MICR CLAYTON CO. P.W.D. PROJECT ENGINEER 7960 N. MCDONOUGH ST. 7960 N. MCDONOUGH ST. 7960 NORTH McDONOUGH St. JONESBORO, GA 30236 JONESBORO, GA 30236 JONESBORO, GA 30236 WAYNE PITTMAN HON. C. E. HOLCUMB HON. RICHARD RAY PARKS AND RECREATION DEPT. DIST. 72 POST 3 3RD DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE TROUP COUNTY P.O. BOX 122 200 RIDLEY AVENUE P.O. BOX 966 JONESBORO, GA 30237 LAGRANGE, GA 30240 LAGRANGE, GA 30240

JOHN JENKINS MIKE DOBBS PURCHASING AGENT ASST. COUNTY MGR. CHARLIE CAMERON TROUP COUNTY TROUP COUNTY CITY OF LAGRANGE 118 RIDLEY AVE. 118 RIDLEY AVE. 703 JUNIPER STREET LAGRANGE, GA 30240 LAGRANGE, GA 30240 LAGRANGE, GA 30240

SANDRA A. CUTRER DENNIS W. WILKERSON HENRY SMITH TROUP COUNTY ENGINEERING CITY OF LAGRANGE CITY OF LAGRANGE 2508 HAMILTON ROAD ROUTE 4 LOT 26 LAGRANGE, GA 30240 LAGRANGE, GA 30240 LAGRANGE, GA 30240

DOROTHY BODDIE MAYOR PROGRAM ASSISTANT HON. QUILLIAN BALDWIN P.O. BOX 430 CITY OF LAGRANGE DISTRICT 29 CITY HALL P. O. BOX 430 P.O. BOX 1364 LAGRANGE, GA 30241 LAGRANGE, GA 30241 LAGRANGE, GA 30241

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT STREET SUPERINTENDENT DIR. OF PUBLIC SERVICES TROUP COUNTY TROUP COUNTY CITY OF LAGRANGE P. O. 801 1149 P.O. BOI 430 P. O. BOX 430 LAGRANGE, GA 30241 LAGRANGE, GA 30241 LAGRANGE, GA 30241

HON. WADE MUM DISTRICT 81 COUNTY ENGINEER CHAIRMAN 419 COLLEGE AVE. TROUP COUNTY TROUP CO. COMMISSIONERS P.O. BOI 1361 P.O. BOX 1149 P.O. BOX 1149 LAGRANGE, GA 30241 LAGRANGE, GA 30241 LAGRANGE, GA 30241

CHARLES L. CASPER ASST. LAND ANN. MGR. GWINNETT COUNTY JOHN C. CARROLL CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION GWINNETT COUNTY COUNTY COURTHOUSE 75 LANGLEY DR. 1471 HWY 124 NORTH HARTWELL, GA 30243 LAWRENCEVILLE, GA 30245 LAWRENCEVILLE, GA 30245

CHAIRMAN COUNTY ENGINEER GWINNETT COUNTY COMM. GWINNETT COUNTY COMM. 250 SCENIC HIGHWAY 250 SCENIC HIGHWAY COUNTY ENGINEER COUNTY ADM. BLDG. COUNTY ADM. BLDG. 240 OAK STREET LAWRENCEVILLE, GA 30245 LAWRENCEVILLE, GA 30245 LAWRENCEVILLE, GA 30245

MARLINE BARTON BIDESBARE COORD. MAYOR ROAD SUPERINTENDENT. TRAFFIC ENGINEERING P.O. BOI 1017 240 OAK STREET 240 OAK STREET CITY HALL LAWRENCEVILLE, GA 30245 LAWRENCEVILLE, GA 30245 LAWRENCEVILLE, GA 30246

PUBLIC WORKS SUPERINTENDENT HON. DON PEEV7 HON. VINSON WALL P.O. BOX 1017 DISTRICT 48 DISTRICT 61 CITY HALL P.O. BOX 862 164 OAK STREET LAWRENCEVILLE, GA 30246 LAWRENCEVILLE, GA 30246 LAWRENCEVILLE, GA 30245

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT BON. MIKE BARNETT 76 MAIN ST. 76 MAIN ST. DISTRICT 59 CITY HALL CITY HALL 4779 ST. KORITZ DR. LILBURN, GA 30247 LILBURN, GA 30247 LILBURN, GA 30247 BON. CHARLES BANISTER DISTRICT 62 MAYOR CITY ENGINEER 312 EMILY DR. P.O. BOX 734 P.O. BOX 97 LILBURN, GA 30247 LOCUST GROVE, GA 30248 LOCUST GROVE, GA 30248

STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOX 97 4086 HIGHWAY 20 4086 HIGHWAY 20 LOCUST GROVE, GA 30248 LOGANVILLE, GA 30249 LOGANVILLE, GA 30249

EDSEL DURDEN MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT ROUTE 1 P.O. BOX 10 P.O. BOX 10 LOGANVILLE, GA 30249 LUTHERSVILLE, GA 30251 LUTHERSVILLE, GA 30251

MAYOR PAUL BENEFIELD CHAIRMAN 5347 JONESBORO ROAD POLICE CHIEF HENRY CO. COMM. CITY HALL 5347 JONESBORO RD. 345 PHILLIPS DRIVE LAKE CITY, GA 30252 LAKE CITY, GA 30252 McDONOUGH, GA 30253

MAYOR GENE MORRIS JOY HOBBY P.O. BOX 193 HENRY COUNTY COMMUNITY HENRY COUNTY COMMUNITY CITY HALL DEVELOPMENT DEPT. DEVELOPMENT DEPT. McDONOUGH, GA 30253 MCDONOUGH, GA 30253 MCDONOUGH, GA 3025J

HON. WESLEY DUNN NON. ALEX CRUMBLEY SUPERINTENDENT DISTRICT 73 DISTRICT 17 HENRY COUNTY D.O.T. P.O. BOX 353 P. O. BOX 775 121 WORICAMP ROAD MCDONOUGH, GA 30253 MCDONOUGH, GA 30253 McDONOUGH, GA 30253

AUSTIN NGODDY PHIL LEE CITY MANAGER DEPT. OF COMM. DEVBL. DEPT. OF COMM. DEVEL. P.O. BOX 193 345 PHILLIPS DR. 345 PHILLIPS DR. McDONOUGH, GA 30253 MCDONOUGH, GA 30253 MCDONOUGH, GA 30253

JAMES F. RISHER D. WAYNE SMITH DIRECTOR DEPT. OF COMM. DEVEL. STREET SUPERINTENDENT HENRY CO. COMMUNITY DEV. 345 PHILLIPS DR. P.O. BOX 193 345 PHILLIPS DRIVE MCDONOUGH, GA 30253 McDONOUGH, GA 30253 MCDONOUGH, GA

GRANT SAIHRAVI HENRY CO. COMMUNITY DEV. MR. CHARLES COOK MAYOR 345 PHILLIPS DRIVE 2625 HWY 213 P. O. BOX 35 MCDONOUGB, GA 30253 MANSFIELD, GA 30255 MANSFIELD, GA 30255

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR CITY OF MILNER P. O. BOX 35 P.O. BOX 266 P.O. BOX 99 MANSFIELD, GA 30255 KEANSVILLE, GA 30256 MILNER, GA 30257

STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY OF MILNER CITY OF MOLENA CITY OF MOLENA P.O. BOX 99 SPRINGS ROAD SPRINGS ROAD MILNER, GA 30257 KOLENA, GA 30258 MOLENA, GA 30258 MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT HON. NEWT GINGRICH TOWN OF MORELAND TOWN OF MORELAND 6TH DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE P.O. BOX 158 P.O. BOX 158 6351 JONESBORO RD. MORELAND, GA 30259 MORELAND, GA 30259 MORROW, GA 30260

MAYOR CITY MANAGER PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR 1500 MORROW ROAD 1500 MORROW ROAD 1500 MORROW ROAD CITY HALL CITY HALL CITY HALL MORROW, GA 30260 MORROW, GA 30260 MORROW, GA 30260

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER POLICE CHIEF CITY HALL CITY HALL 1500 MORROW RD. 5535 N. PARKWAY 5535 N. PARKWAY MORROW, GA 30260 LAKE CITY, GA 30260 LAKE CITY, GA 30260

HON. NEWT GINGRICH HON. RUDOLPH JOHNSON 6TH DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE DISTRICT 72 POST 4 MR. JOHN CALDWELL COMMISSIONERS' BUILDING 5604 REYNOLDS RD. 230 IL NEWNAN ROAD 2 BROAD STREET MORROW, GA 30260 NEWNAN, GA 30263 NEWNAN, GA 30263

MR. DAVID BORROW HON. ARTHUR EDGE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR MAYOR DISTRICT 28 CHATTAHOOCHEE FLINT APDC CITY OF NEWNAN 15 JEFFERSON ST. P.O. BOX 2308 P.O. BOX 1193 NEWNAN, GA 30263 NEWNAN, GA 30264 NEWNAN, GA 30264

HON. NEAL SHEPARD TRAFFIC KAINT. DISTRICT 71 CITY OF NEWNAN CITY ENGINEER 94 BOY SCOUT RD. P.O. BOX 1193 P.O. BOX 1193 NEWNAN, GA 30264 NEWNAN, GA 30264 NEWNAN, GA 30264

CHAIRMAN ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR COWETA CO. COMM. COWETA CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 207 P.O. BOX 945 P.O. BOX 945 CITY HALL NEWNAN, GA 30264 NEWNAN, GA 30264 OXFORD, GA 30267

CITY ENGINEER MAYOR CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOX 207 549 MAIN ST. 549 MAIN ST. CITY HALL CITY HALL CITY HALL OXFORD, GA 30267 PALMETTO, GA 30268 PALMETTO, GA 30268

MS. GERALDINE COLLUM CLARKE BODDIE HON. HELEN SELMAN CITY CLERK POLICE CHIEF DISTRICT 32 P.O. BOX C 215 S. MAIN ST. JONES FERRY RD BOX 315 PALMETTO, GA 30268 PALMETTO, GA 30268 PALMETTO, GA 30268

CURTIS BENSON SUPPORT SVCS. SUPT. CITY ENGINEER STREET SUPERINTENDENT P'TREE CITY PUBLIC WORKS P.O. BOX 2371 P.O. BOX 2371 209 MCINTOSH TRAIL PEACHTREE CITY, GA 30269 PEACHTREE CITY, GA 30269 PEACHTREE CITY, GA 30269

M.R BARRY SMITH MAYOR HON. PAUL HEARD JR. FIELD INSPECTOR P.O. BOX 2371 DISTRICT 43 CITY OF PEACHTREE CITY CITY HALL 102 CAMP CREEK CT. 209 MCINTOSH TRAIL PEACHTREE CITY, GA 30269 PEACHTREE CITY, GA 30269 PEACHTREE CITY, GA 30269 MR. BOBBY THOMPSON MR. CALVIN HALTERMAN PUBLIC WORKS SUPT DUI PUBLIC WORKS CITY OF PEACHTREE CITY CITY OF PEACHTREE CITY DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS 209 MCINTOSH TRAIL 209 MCINTOSH TRAIL P.O. BOX 2371 PEACHTREE CITY, GA 30269 PEACHTREE CITY, GA 30269 PEACHTREE CITY, GA 30269

MAYOR MAYOR CITY MANAGER 6690 CHURCH ST. P. O. BOX 667 P. O. BOX 667 CITY HALL PORTERDALE, GA 30270 PORTERDALE, GA 30270 RIVERDALE, GA 30274

DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS CITY MANAGER POLICE CHIEF CITY OF RIVERDALE CITY OF RIVERDALE 6690 CHURCH ST. 6690 CHURCH STREET 6690 CHURCH STREET RIVERDALE, GA 30274 RIVERDALE, GA 30274 RIVERDALE, GA 30274

SUP'? OF WATER i SEWER SUP'? OF ST. MART. HON. FRANK BAILEY JR. CITY OF RIVERDALE CITY OF RIVERDALE DISTRICT 72 POST 5 6690 CHURCH STREET 6690 CHURCH STREET P.O. BOX 777 RIVERDALE, GA 30274 RIVERDALE, GA 30274 RIVERDALE, GA 30274

JERRY KING MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT POLICE CHIEF CITY OF SENOIA CITY OF SENOIA 816 S. ATLANTA ST. P.O. BOX 104 P.O. BOX 104 ROSNELL, GA 30274 SENOIA, GA 30276 SENOIA, GA 30276

JAMES DARRELL MONROE C.O.I. STREET SUPERINTENDENT GWINNETT COUNTY MAYOR P.O. BOI 844 2285 ROSEDALE ROAD SHARPSBURG, GA 30277 SHELLVILLE, GA 30278 SNELLVILLE, GA 30278

RONALD S. BAIR MAYOR PRESIDENT MAYOR P. O. BOX 844 CUB RAILROAD SY. INC. P.O. BOI 633 CITY HALL P. O. BOX 721 CITY HALL SNELLVILLE, GA 30278 SNELLVILLE, GA 30278 SOCIAL CIRCLE, GA 30279

CITY ENGINEER MAYOR CITY MANAGER P.O. BOX 633 CITY OF STOCKBRIDGE CITY OF STOCKBRIDGE CITY HALL 130 BERRY STREET 130 BERRY STREET SOCIAL CIRCLE, GA 30273 STOCKBRIDGE, GA 30281 STOCKBRIDGE, GA 30281

LELAND ADAMS CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION MR. BOBBY MELTON UPSON COUNTY DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE DISTRICT ENGINEER P. O. BOX 889 GA DOT GDOT DISTRICT 3 MAIN STREET P.O. BOK 711 P.O. BOI 711 THOMASTON, GA 30286 THOMASTON, GA 30286 THOMASTON, GA 30286

CHAIRMAN UPSON CO. COMM. MELBA BARNES COUNTY COURTHOUSE MAYOR GDOT DISTRICT 3 P.O. BOX 889 P.O. BOX 672 P.O. BOX 711 MAIN STREET CITY HALL THOMASTON, GA 30286 THOMASTON, GA 30286 THOMASTON, GA '30286

CITY MANAGER STREET SUPERINTENDENT HON. W. F. HARRIS P.O. BOX 672 P.O. BOI 672 DISTRICT 27 CITY HALL CITY HALL 1261 WILLINGHAM SPRS RD. THOMASTON, GA 30286 THOMASTON, GA 30286 THOMASTON, GA 30286 DONNIE TYLER HON. MARTIN ADAMS SUPERINTENDENT OF ROADS COUNTY AGENT DISTRICT 79 UPSON COUNTY EXTENSION SERVICE 709 GREENWOOD RD. P.O. BOX 889 P.O, BOX 251 THOMASTON, GA 30286 THOMASTON, GA 30286 THOMASTON, GA 30286

MAYOR MAYOR CITY ENGINEER CITY OF TURIN TOWN OF TYRONE TOWN OF TYRONE P.O. BOX 86 P.O. BOY I00 P.O. BOX 100 TURIN, GA 30289 TYRONE, GA 30290 TYRONE, GA 30290

PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR BOBBY FRONEBARGER CITY ENGINEER CITY OF UNION CITY POLICE CHIEF 5047 UNION STREET 5047 UNION ST. 5047 UNION ST. UNION CITY, GA 30291 UNION CITY, GA 30291 UNION CITY, GA 30291

EMERSON ESTERLINB SUPERVISOR MAYOR UNION CITY POLICE 5047 UNION ST. MAYOR 5047 UNION STREET CITY HALL P. O. BOX 9 UNION CITY, GA 30291 UNION CITY, GA 30291 WILLIAMSON, GA 30292

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT STREET SUPERINTENDENT P.O. 1301 297 P.O. BOX 297 P. O. BOX 9 CITY HALL CITY HALL WILLIAMSON, GA 30292 WOODBURY, GA 30293 WOODBURY, GA 30293

CO, ROAD SUPERINTENDENT PIKE COUNTY CHAIRMAN MAYOR P.O. BOX 377 P.O. BOX 377 P.O. BOX 385 ZEBULON, GA 30295 ZEBULON, GA 30295 ZEBULON, GA 30295

HON. KAHLE THOMAS CITY ENGINEER STREET SUPERINTENDENT DISTRICT 31 P.O. BOX 385 P.O. BOX 385 P. O. BOX 573 ZIBULON, GA 30295 ZEBULON, GA 30295 ATLANTA, GA 30301

NR. HERSCHEL CLARK PROGRAM MANAGER MINUARD C. MCGUIRE OFFICE OF SAFETY 959 E. CONFEDERATE AVE. SHERIFF P.O. 1497 P.O. BOX 1497 136 PRYOR ST. S.W. ATLANTA, GA 30301 ATLANTA, GA 30301 ATLANTA, GA 30303

MAYBF B. BADDAD COUNTY ENGINEER TRAFFIC ENGINEER PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR 165 CENTRAL AVE. S.W. 165 CENTRAL AVE. S.W. 165 CENTRAL AVE. S.W. ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303

WYVERN BUDRAN HON, MICHAEL LORI CRN. POLICE CHIEF FULTON COUNTY FULTON CO. COMM. 183 CENTRAL AVE. S.W. 42 SPRING ST. PL.31 65 CENTRAL AVENUE SW ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303

DIANNA HUNT MARWAN ABBOUD FULTON COUNTY POLICE CHIEF 42 SPRING ST. 42 SPRING ST. 175 DECATUR ST. S.E. PLAZA LEVEL 31 PLAZA LEVEL 34 ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303 Mg. JAM OhliEbb MK. ELL MEALAN DIRECTOR DIRECTOR GEORGIA MUNICIPAL ASSOC. ASSOC. COUNTY COMM. KARLA KARRE' 34 PEACHTREE STREET 134 PEACHTREE STREET CITY OF ATLANTA SUITE 2300 SUITE 1201 236 FORSYTH STREET ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303

HON. JIM MARTIN GEORGE SCOTT D.H. GAINES DISTRICT 26 CITY OF ATLANTA CITY OF ATLANTA SUITE 504 236 FORSYTH STREET 236 FORSYTH STREET 44 BROAD ST. ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303

HON. JOHN GREER DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS JENNY HYATT DISTRICT 39 CITY OF ATLANTA ATLANTA WATER BUREAU SUITE 605 236 FORSYTH STREET 236 FORSYTH ST. SUITE 301 133 CARNEGIE WAY NW ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303

ROOMSOUTHER 862N BIG REGIONAL OFFICE HONORABLE SAN NUNN AFRCE/ER/ROV SUITE 1800 526 TITLE BUILDING RICHARD B. RUSSELL BUILDING 75 SPRING STREET SW 30 PRYOR STREET S.W. 75 SPRING STREET S.W. ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303-2912 ATLANTA, GA 30303

HON. JOHN LEWIS US ARMY ENGR DIV 5TH DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE SOUTH ATLANTIC HON, WYCHE FOWLER THE EQUITABLE BUILDING 510 TITLE BUILDING 10 PARK PLACE 100 PEACHTREE STREET M.N. 30 PRYOR STREET SUITE 210 SUITE 750 ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30303

WINSTON PARKER FULTON. CO. LAND DEPT. MARY KAY JACKSON WILLIAM OLIVER BLDG. DESIGN ENGINEER HON. TYRONE BROOKS SUITE 403 WIEDEMAN 1 SINGLETON INC. DISTRICT 34 32 PEACHTREE ST. 1789 PEACHTREE RD. NE STA. A P.O. 801 11185 ATLANTA, GA 30303 ATLANTA, GA 30309 ATLANTA, GA 30310-0185

HON. HORACE TATE SPENCE JUKE JR. HON. LORENZO HENN DISTRICT 38 TECHNICIAN I DISTRICT 38 621 LILLA DR. SW 954 LAURBLMONT DR. 579 FIELDING LA. SW ATLANTA, GA 3031D ATLANTA, GA 30311 ATLANTA, GA 30311

CYNTHIA TEASLEY HON. GRACE W. DEAN HON. MILDRED D. SHUMAKB CREW SUPERVISOR DISTRICT 29 DISTRICT 39 ATLANTA P.N. 670 FAIR ST. NW 1103 FAIR ST. 1150 NORTH AVENUE ATLANTA, GA 30312 ATLANTA, GA 30314 ATLANTA, GA 30314

HAROLD MCELROY MARSHALL MAHAFFEY DR. EDWARD DAVIS STOREKEEPER III PLANT SUPERINTENDENT MGT-BUS. ADMINISTRATION ATLANTA P.N. ATLANTA P.W. 223 CHESTNUT STREET 1150 NORTH AVENUE 1150 NORTH AVENUE ATLANTA UNIVERSITY ATLANTA, GA 30314 ATLANTA, GA 30314 ATLANTA, GA 30314

MARVIN BARBER ASS'T SUP'T ED MORGAN ROGER DENTON CITY OF ATLANTA ATLANTA TRAFFIC i TRANS. ATLANTA TRAFFIC i TRANS. 120 CLAIRE DR. SW 120 CLAIRE DR. SW 120 CLAIRE DR. SW ATLANTA, GA 30315 ATLANTA, GA 30315 ATLANTA, GA 30315

HON, DAVID SCOTT HON. GEORGANNA SINKFIELD HON. NAN °BROCK DISTRICT 36 DISTRICT 37 DISTRICT 30 190 WENDELL DR. SE 179 TONAWANDA DR. SE 1070 DELAWARE AVE. SE ATLANTA, GA 30315 ATLANTA, GA 30315 ATLANTA, GA 30316 BON. BETTY CLARK HON. JUANITA TERRY WILLIAMS DISTRICT 55 DISTRICT 54 CAROL FROMAN P.O. BOK 17852 8 E LAKE DR NE 340 ALLENDALE DRIVE S.E. ATLANTA, GA 30316 ATLANTA, GA 30317 ATLANTA, GA 30317

CHARLIE REEVES JR. CREW MAINT. SUPERVISOR HON. J. E. MCKINNEY HON. LYNETT STANLEY CITY OF ATLANTA DISTRICT 35 DISTRICT 33 1587 HORTENSE PT. NW 765 SHORTER TER NW 712 GARY RD. NW ATLANTA, GA 30318 ATLANTA, GA 30318 ATLANTA, GA 30318

HARRY RICE PBS & J HON. MAX DAVIS HON. JAMES TYSINGER 1575 NORTHSIDE DRIVE DISTRICT 45 DISTRICT 41 SUITE 350 1177 W NANCY CR. DR NE 3781 WATKINS PL NE ATLANTA, GA 30318 ATLANTA, GA 30319 ATLANTA, GA 30319

HON. CATHEY STEINBERG NORMAN H. PERRY CONNIE CANNON DISTRICT 46 MARTA MARTA 1732 DURWOOD! PLACE NE 2424 PIEDMONT RD. RE 2424 PIEDMONT RD. NE ATLANTA, GA 30324 ATLANTA, GA 30324-3324 ATLANTA, GA 30324-3324

EDWARD KOROSHETZ DON CARRELL JOHN REID MARTA MARTA GDOT 2424 PIEDMONT RD. NE 2424 PIEDMONT RD. 525 PLASTER RD. ATLANTA, GA 30324-3324 ATLANTA, GA 30324-3324 ATLANTA, GA 30324

KEN FERN HON. PAUL COVERDELL COUNCIL OF STATE GOV. HON. DOROTHY FELTON DISTRICT 40 3384 PEACHTREE RD. NE DISTRICT 22 2622 PIEDMONT RD. NE SUITE 830 465 TANACREST DR NW ATLANTA, GA 30324 ATLANTA, GA 30326 SANDY SPRINGS, GA 30328

HON. SALLIE NEWBILL LARRY ROWELL COMMANDER DISTRICT 56 U.S. ARMY FORCES COMMAND DIRECTOR OF ENGR i HOUSING 7205 RIVERSIDE DR. ATTN: FCEN-RDF ATTN: AFZK-EH ATLANTA, GA 30328 FORT MCPHERSON, GA 30330 FORT MCPHERSON, GA 30330

COMMANDER COMMANDER COMMANDER HQ FORSCOM HQ FT. MCPHERSON US ARMY FORCES COMMAND ATTN: AFEN-FDC ATTN: AFZI-10-E ATTN: AFEN-TSC-R FORT MCPHERSON, GA 30330 FORT MCPHERSON, GA 30330 FORT MCPHERSON, GA 30330

WINFRED G. DOBSON COMMUNITY PLANNER COMMANDER COMMANDER ROOM 526 US ARMY FORCES COMMAND US ARMY FORCES COMMAND 30 PRYOR STREET S.W. ATTN: AFEN-RMP ATTN: AFLB-TRT ATTN: AFRCE-1111/ROV2 FORT MCPHERSON, GA 30330 FORT MCPHERSON, GA 30330 ATLANTA, GA 30331-6801

RICHARD COMBES DIVISION CHIEF DR. EDMUND FITZGERALD DR. THOMAS STELSON INDUSTRIAL EXT. DIVISION DIRECTOR VICE PRES. RES. EDL-EES SCHOOL OF CIVIL EKG. VP RES.- ADMINISTRATION GEORGIA TECH GEORGIA TECH GEORGIA TECH ATLANTA, GA 30332 ATLANTA, GA 30332 ATLANTA, GA 30332

DR. WILLIAM SANGSTER DR. HENRY BOURNE DR. ALBERT SHEPPARD DEAN COL. OF ENG. VICE PRES. ACAD. AFF ASSO. VICE PRES. RES. DEAN OF ENG - ADMIN. CARNEGIE BUILDING VP RES.- ADMINISTRATION GEORGIA TECH GEORGIA TECH GEORGIA TECH ATLANTA, GA 30332 ATLANTA, GA 30332 ATLANTA, GA 30332 DR. WARREN HEENANN MERCY EDWARDS DR. W. FREESTON VICE PRESIDENT CONTINUING EDUCATION ASSO. DEAN OF ENG. COL. INST. REL. AND DEV. 308 SWANN BLDG. DEAN COL. OF ENG.- ADMIN. VP INST. EEL A DEV. DEPT. OF CONT. EDUC. GEORGIA TECH GEORGIA TECH GEORGIA TECH ATLANTA, GA 30332 ATLANTA, GA 30332 ATLANTA, GA 30332

DR. JAMES LAI DR. PAUL WRIGHT DR. PETE PARSONSON PROFESSOR PROFESSOR PROFESSOR SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENG. SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENG. SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENG, GEORGIA TECH GEORGIA TECH GEORGIA TECH ATLANTA, GA 30332 ATLANTA, GA 30332 ATLANTA, GA 30332

T. D. GUPTON MR. BILL ALLGOOD BURT RIDDLE GDOT GA DEPT OF TRANSPORTATION GDOT NO. 2 CAPITOL SQUARE 2 CAPITOL SQUARE NO. 2 CAPITOL SQUARE ATLANTA, GA 30334 ATLANTA, GA 30334 ATLANTA, GA 30334

PHIL BRYANT RICK SMITH HR. HAL RIVES TRAINING PROGRAM DIR. DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION ROOM 268 GDOT ROOM 307 NO. 2 CAPITOL SQUARE NO. 2 CAPITOL SQUARE NO. 2 CAPITOL SQUARE ATLANTA, GA 30334 ATLANTA, GA 30334 ATLANTA, GA 30334

HON. BARBARA COUCH JENNY L. HOWARD JOHN REMILLARD DISTRICT 40 RELOCATION ASSISTANCE RELOCATION ASSISTANCE LEGISLATIVE OFFICE BLDG. DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION 18 CAPITOL SQUARE NO. 2 CAPITOL SQUARE NO. 2 CAPITOL SQUARE SUITE 609 ATLANTA, GA 30334 ATLANTA, GA 30334 ATLANTA, GA 30334

GERALD MASON MR. HARRY WEST BUREAU OF HWYS AND ST. EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR CITY OF ATLANTA ARC DEPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS 100 EDGEWOOD AVE. N.E. STREET SUPERINTENDENT 224 CENTRAL AVE. SW SUITE 1801 68 MITCHELL STREET SW ATLANTA, GA 30335 ATLANTA, GA 30335 ATLANTA, GA 30335

MARY HUDSON JOAN LEAVELL MAYOR ANDREW YOUNG CITY OF ATLANTA CITY OF ATLANTA 68 KITCHELL STREET SW 197 CENTRAL AVE. S.W. 197 CENTRAL AVE. S.W. ATLANTA, GA 30335 ATLANTA, GA 30335 ATLANTA, GA 30335

G. L. GLOVER CITY MANAGER MAYOR POLICE CHIEF P.O. 801 F P.O. BOX F 1871 COLUMBIA AVE. COLLEGE PARK, GA 30337 COLLEGE PARK, GA 30337 COLLEGE PARK, GA 30337

P. W. DIRECTOR HON. JOHN LINDER CITY ENGINEER CITY HALL DISTRICT 44 P.O. BOX F P.O. BOX F 5039 WINDING BRANCH DR. COLLEGE PARK, GA 30337 COLLEGE PARK, GA 30337 DUNWOODY, GA 30338

TONE GARRETT EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR FRANK HEADERS GA ASPHALT PAVEMENT ASSOC KEITH AKHLAGHI VICE-PRESIDENT 1000 CIRCLE 75 PARKWAY SOUTHERN TECH HENSLEY-SCHMIDT INC, SUITE 630 P. O. BOX 725183 N.W. P.O. BOX 723308 ATLANTA, GA 30339 ATLANTA, GA 30339 ATLANTA, GA 30339

ROSHELL COOPER CITY OF COLLEGE PARK MAYOR CITY ENGINEER 5333 CHANTILLY 3725 PARK AVE. 3725 PARK AVE. COLLEGE PARK, GA 30339 DORAVILLE, GA 30340 DORAVILLE, GA 30340 MR, PAUL V. MULLINS DONALD EASTERBROOR DISTRICT ENGINEER CITY MANAGER KECK i WOOD INC. GDOT DISTRICT 7 3725 PARK AVE. 3722 PLEASANTDALE RD. 5025 NEW PEACHTREE RD. DORAVILLE, GA 30340 ATLANTA, GA 30340 CHAMBLEE, GA 30341

POLICE CHIEF MAYOR PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR 3518 BROAD ST. 5468 PEACHTREE ROAD 5468 PEACHTREE ROAD CHAMBLEE, GA 30341 CHAMBLEE, GA 30341 CHAMBLEE, GA 30341

NARSHEL ELLERBEE MORELAND ALTOBELLI ASSOC. MAYOR MR. JAMES E. DEAN 2900 CHAMBLEE TUCKER RD. CITY HALL 5025 NEW PEACHTREE ROAD BUILDING 6 2777 EAST POINT ST. CHAMBLEE, GA 30341 ATLANTA, GA 30341 EAST POINT, GA 30344

CITY ENGINEER CITY MANAGER PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR 2777 EAST POINT STREET 2777 EAST POINT STREET 2777 EAST POINT STREET EAST POINT, GA 30344 EAST POINT, GA 30344 EAST POINT, GA 30344

HON. DICK LANE HON. JOE BURTON POLICE CHIEF DISTRICT 27 DISTRICT 5 1637 CLEVELAND AVE. 2704 HUMPHRIES DR. 2598 WOODWARDIA RD, NE EAST POINT, GA 30344 BAST POINT, GA 30344 ATLANTA, GA 30345

MR. GWYN SANDELIN HON. BETTY WILLIAMS TRAFFIC SYSTEMS INT. DISTRICT 48 CITY ENGINEER 2538 RAINTREE COURT 2024 CASTLEWAY DR NE P.O. BOI 82311 ATLANTA, GA 30345 ATLANTA, GA 30345 HAPEVILLE, GA 30354

JO BECKHAM PEGGY KOBLE CITY OF ATLANTA CITY OF ATLANTA AIRPORT LAND ACQUISITION AIRPORT LAND ACQUISITION 1003 VIRGINIA AVE. 1003 VIRGINIA AVE. CITY ADMINISTRATOR SUITE 103-A SUITE 103-A P.O. BOX 82311 HAPEVILLE, GA 30354 HAPEVILLE, GA 30354 HAPEVILLE, GA 30354

MAYOR MAYOR CITY MANAGER P.O. BOI 82311 CITY HALL CITY HALL CITY HALL P. O. BOI 145 P. 0, BOI 145 HAPEVILLE, GA 30354 FAIRBURN, GA 30354 FAIRBURN, GA 30354

STREET SUPERINTENDENT HON. G. D. ADAMS F. E. SANDERS CITY HALL DISTRICT 36 CITY OF ATLANTA P. O. BOI 145 3417 NORTHSIDE DR. 4358 WINTERS CHAPEL RD. FAIRBURN, GA 30354 NAPEVILLE, GA 30354 DORAVILLE, GA 30360

MR. LOUIS PAPET DIVISION ADMINISTRATOR MR. ANDY HUGHES. MEAD J. SHAH FEDERAL HWY. ADMIN. FHWA PB/T 1720 PEACHTREE RD. NW 1720 PEACHTREE RD. NW 401 W. PEACHTREE ST. SUITE 300 SUITE 200 ATLANTA, GA 30365 ATLANTA, GA 30367 ATLANTA, GA 30367

JOSE GARCIA KR. GLEN E. PRICE MR. HARVEY PHLEGAR FHWA FHWA FEDERAL HWY. ADMIN 1720 PEACHTREE RD. NW SUITE 200 SUITE 200 SUITE 300 1720 PEACHTREE RD. N.W. 1720 PEACHTREE ROAD N.W. ATLANTA, GA 30367 ATLANTA, GA 30367 ATLANTA, GA 30367 DICK JONES CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY ENGINEER U.S. FOREST SERVICE EMANUEL COUNTY EMANUEL COUNTY 1720 PEACHTREE RD. NW P. O. BOX 787 P. O. BOX 787 ATLANTA, GA 30367 SWAINSBORO, GA 30401 SWAINSBORO, GA 30401

CHAIRMAN MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT EMANUEL CO. COMM. P. O. BOX 600 P.O. BOX 600 P. O. BOX 787 CITY HALL SWAINSBORO, GA 30401 SWAINSBORO, GA 30401 SWAINSBORO, GA 30401

CITY ENGINEER HON. BILL ENGLISH HON. LARRY J. PARRISH P. 0. BOI 600 DISTRICT 21 DISTRICT 109 CITY HALL 214 GOLF DR. 224 W. MAIN STREET SWAINSBORO, GA 30401 SWAINSBORO, GA 30401 SWAINSBORO, GA 30401

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR WHEELER COUNTY WHEELER COUNTY CHAIRMAN COURTHOUSE COURTHOUSE COMM. OF WHEELER CO. BOI 181 BOX 181 P.O. BOX 181 ALAMO, GA 30411 ALAMO, GA 30411 ALAMO, GA 30411

HON. JOHN GODBEE COUNTY ENGINEER MAYOR DISTRICT 110 COURTHOUSE P. O. BOX 248 401 LANE ST. P. O. BOX 711 BARTOW, GA 30413 BROOKLET, GA 30415 CLAITON, GA 30417

CHAIRMAN ROAD SUPERINTENDENT EVANS CO. COMM. MAYOR COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 829 P. O. BOI 711 P. O. BOI 711 CITY HALL CLAITON, GA 30417 CLAXTON, GA 30417 CLAXTON, GA 30417

CITY ADMINISTRATOR HON. JOSEPH KENNEDY 7 PALMER P.O. BOI 829 DISTRICT 4 EVANS CO. ROAD DEPT. CITY HALL r EVANS CO. COURTHOUSE CLAXT ' . CLAXTON, GA 30417 CLAXTON, GA 30417

BRYANT BOYETT EVANS CO. ROAD DEPT. MAYOR EVANS CO. COURTHOUSE MAYOR P. O. BOX 124 CLAITON, GA 30417 COBBTOWN, GA 30420 GARFIELD, GA 30425

WATER i SEWER SUP'T MAYOR CITY MANAGER CITY OF GLENNVILLE CITY HALL CITY HALL 134 S. MAIN ST. GLENNVILLE, GA 30427 GLENNVILLE, GA 30427 GLENNVILLE, GA 30427

HON. CLINTON OLIVER CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY ENGINEER DISTRICT 121 P. 0, BOX 658 P. O. BOX 658 P.O. BOX 237 COURTHOUSE COURTHOUSE GLENNVILLE, GA 30427 LOUISVILLE, GA 30434 LOUISVILLE, GA 30434

CITY ENGINEER CHAIRMAN MAYOR CITY HALL JEFFERSON CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 527 P. O. BOX 527 P.O. BOX 658 CITY HALL LOUISVILLE, GA 30434 LOUISVILLE, GA 30434 LOUISVILLE, GA 30434 HON. EMORY BARGERON DISTRICT 108 CHAIRMAN P.O. BOX 447 STREET SUPERINTENDENT TOOMBS CO. COMM. 202 E. FIFTH ST, 417 N. STATE ST. P. O. BOX 112 LOUISVILLE, GA 30434 LYONS, GA 30436 LYONS, GA 30436

ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR CITY MANAGER TOOMBS COUNTY P. O. BOX 496 P. O. BOX 496 P. O. BOX 112 CITY HALL CITY HALL LYONS, GA 30436 LYONS, GA 30436 LYONS, GA 30436

CHAIRMAN COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CANDLER CO. COMM. CANDLER COUNTY CANDLER COUNTY COURTHOUSE SQUARE COURTHOUSE SQUARE COURTHOUSE SQUARE METTER, GA 30439 NETTER, GA 30439 METTER, GA 30439

MAYOR CITY ADMINISTRATOR MAYOR P. O. BOI 74 P. O. BOX 74 P. O. BOX 234 METTER, GA 30439 METTER, GA 30439 MIDVILLE, GA 30441

CITY ADMINISTRATOR CITY ENGINEER CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOX 234 P. O. BOX 234 P. O. BOX 797 MIDVILLE, GA 30441 MIDVILLE, GA 30441 MILLEN, GA 30442

CHAIRMAN COUNTY ENGINEER JENKINS CO. COMM. MAYOR JENKINS COUNTY COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 929 P. O. BOX 797 P. 0. BOX 797 CITY HALL MILLEN, GA 30442 MILLEN, GA 30442 MILLEN, GA 30442

FORREST BOYER CITY ENGINEER CITY ADMINISTRATOR P.O. BOX 929 CITY OF MILLEN HOWARD NORRIS CITY HALL P. O. BOI 929 JENKINS CO. ROAD DEPT. MILLEN, GA 30442 MILLEN, GA 30442 MILLEN, GA 30442

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN MAYOR MONTGOMERY COUNTY MONTGOMERY CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 237 COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY HALL NT. VERNON, GA 30445 KT VERNON, GA 30445 MOUNT VERNON, GA 30445

CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOI 237 MAYOR MAYOR CITY HALL P. O. BOI 268 P. O. BOX 75 MOUNT VERNON, GA 30445 NEWINGTON, GA 30446 NUNEZ, GA 30448

CHIEF OF POLICE MAYOR CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT REIDSVI LLE P.D, P. O. BOX 221 P. O. BOX 25 P.O. BOX 830 OLIVER, GA 30449 REIDSVILLE, GA 30453 REIDSVILLE, GA 30453

ROBERT EDEN VICE PRESIDENT CHAIRMAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT MAYOR TATTNALL CO. COMM. CAT INC. P.O. BOX 830 P.O. BOX 25 P.O. BOX 466 MEDICAL ARTS DR CITY HALL REIDSVILLE, GA 30453 REIDSVILLE, GA 30453 REIDSVILLE, GA 30453 CITY MANAGER P.O. BOX 830 MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY HALL P. O. BOX 368 P. O. BOX 368 REIDSVILLE, GA 30453 STILLMORE, GA 30454 STILLMORE, GA 30454

MAYOR MAYOR PUBLIC WORKS SUPT. P. O. BOX 1 P. O. BOX 398 P.O. BOX 238 ROCKY FORD, GA 30455 SARDIS, GA 30456 SOPERTON, GA 30457

CHAIRMAN CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT TREUTLEN CO. COMM. MAYOR COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY HALL SOPERTON, GA 30457 SOPERTON, GA 30457 SOPERTON, GA 30457

HON. HUGH GILLIS SR. BON. MARY IDA PHILLIPS DISTRICT 20 DISTRICT 120 CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOX 148 BOY 166 P.O. 801 SOPERTON, GA 30457 SOPERTON, GA 30457 SPARTA, GA 30458

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY ENGINEER BULLOCH COUNTY BULLOCH COUNTY CITY ENGINEER COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 348 P. O. BOX 334 P. O. BOX 334 STATESBORO, GA 30458 STATESBORO, GA 30458 STATESBORO, GA 30458

CHAIRMAN HON. LINDSAY THOMAS BULLOCH COUNTY COMM. MAYOR US REP DIST 1 COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 348 ROOM 202 P. O. BOX 334 CITY HALL FEDERAL BLDG STATESBORO, GA 30458 STATESBORO, GA 30458 STATESBORO, GA 30458

C.A. BIRD JR MAINT. SUPT. MAYOR CITY OF STILLMORE MAYOR CITY HALL PO BOX 147 P. O. BOI 104 HILLTONIA SUB-STATION STILLMORE, GA 30464 SUKMERTOWN, GA 30466 HILLTONIA, GA 30467

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY ENGINEER CITY MANAGER SCREVEN COUNTY SCREVEN COUNTY P.O. BOX 555 P. O. BOX 159 P. O. BOX 159 SYLVANIA, GA 30467 SYLVANIA, GA 30467 SYLVANIA, GA 30467

MAYOR CHAIRMAN STREET SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOX 555 SCREVEN COUNTY COMM. P.O. BOX 555 216 MIMS ROAD P. O. BOX 159 216 MIMS ROAD CITY HALL SYLVANIA, GA 30467 SYLVANIA, GA 30467 SYLVANIA, GA 30467

CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOX 555 216 MIMS ROAD KAYOR MAYOR CITY BALL P. O. BOX 266 P. O. BOX 298 SYLVANIA, GA 30467 TWIN CITY, GA 30471 UVALDA, GA 30473

CITY MANAGER STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY MANAGER P. 0. BOI 298 P.O. BOX 180 P.O. BOX 280 UVALDA, GA 30473 VIDALIA, GA 30474 VIDALIA, GA 30474 MAYOR MAYOR CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOX 280 P.O. BOX 219 P.O. BOX 219 CITY HALL CITY HALL CITY HALL VIDALIA, GA 30474 WADLEY, GA 30477 WADLEY, GA 30477

MR. JAMES E. PALMOUR CITY ATTORNEY CITY MANAGER CITY ENGINEER CITY OF GAINESVILLE CITY OF GAINESVILLE P.O. BOX 2496 410 HUNT TOWER P. O. BOX 2496 GAINESVILLE, GA 30501 GAINESVILLE, GA 30501 GAINESVILLE, GA 30501

KR. JOHNNIE VICKERS MR. HAROLD GAINES CONS?. SUPT. DIST. SUPERVISOR MR. JOHNNY H. FREE PUBLIC WORKS DEPT. PUBLIC WORKS DEPT. PUBLIC WORKS DEPT. HALL COUNTY HALL COUNTY HALL COUNTY CALVARY CHURCH RD. CALVARY CHURCH RD. CALVARY CHURCH ROAD GAINESVILLE, GA 30501 GAINESVILLE, GA 30501 GAINESVILLE, GA 30501

CHAIRMAN COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR GRADY SAVAGE HALL CO. COMM. HALL COUNTY DIST. SUPERVISOR COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE HALL CO. COURTHOUSE P. O. DRAWER 1435 P. O. DRAWER 1435 GAINESVILLE, GA 30501 GAINESVILLE, GA 30501 GAINESVILLE, GA 30501

JAMES E. PALMOUR III MAYOR CITY ATTORNEY P.O. BOX 2496 MR. GEORGE AUSTIN CITY OF GAINSVILLE CITY HALL P.O. BOX 2496 410 HUNT TOWER GAINESVILLE, GA 30501 GAINESVILLE, GA 30501 GAINESVILLE, GA 30501

KR. SAM DAYTON LEE CHESHIRE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR BON. JERRY JACKSON HALL COUNTY GEORGIA MOUNTAINS APDC DISTRICT 9 POST 3 P. O. DRAWER 1435 P.O. BOX 1720 P.O. BOX 7275 GAINESVILLE, GA 30501 GAINESVILLE, GA 30501 CHESTNUT MTN, GA 30502

KEITH HANDRAN RICHARD C. EVANS CARL POOLE ASST. UTILITY DIRECTOR REDEVELOPMENT SERVICE CONST. SUPT. GAINESVILLE WATER DEPT. P.O. BOX 2496 CITY OF GAINESVILLE P. O. BOX 2496 CITY HALL GAINESVILLE, GA 30502 GAINESVILLE, GA 30503 GAINESVILLE, GA 30503

MR. HUGH TYNER DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS DISTRICT ENGINEER CHARLES IVY HALL COUNTY GDOT DISTRICT 1 GDOT DISTRICT 1 COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 1057 P.O. BOX 1057 GAINESVILLE, GA 30503 GAINESVILLE, GA 30503 GAINESVILLE, GA 30503

HON. JOE WOOD KR. PHILIP LOVELESS HON. NATHAN DEAL DISTRICT 9 POST 1 GTRI-GAINESVILLE DISTRICT 49 P.O. DRAWER 1058 BOY 3015 P.O. BOX 2522 500 BRADFORD ST. NE GAINESVILLE, GA 30503 GAINESVILLE, GA 30503 GAINESVILLE, GA 30503

HON. EDGAR L. JENKINS VINCE EVANS HON. BOBBY LAWSON US REP DIST 9 STREET DEPT. SUPT, DISTRICT 9 POST 2 301 GREEN ST CITY OF GAINESVILLE

P.O. BOX 53 PO BOX 1015 P. O. BOX 2496 , GAINESVILLE, GA 30503 GAINESVILLE, GA 30503 GAINESVILLE, GA 30503

CRAIG SASSER BRUCE D. MCARTHY CITY ENGINEER HALL CO. ENGINEERING HALL CO. COMMISSIONERS CITY OF GAINESVILLE P. 0. DRAWER 1435 P. O. DRAWER 1435 P. O. BOX 2496 GAINESVILLE, GA 30305 GAINESVILLE, GA 30305 GAINESVILLE, GA 30503 PANG NGUYEN MAYOR CITY OF GAINESVILLE ROUTE 1 STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. 0, BOX 2496 BOX 10 P, O. BOI 161 GAINESVILLE, GA 30503 ALTO, GA 30510 ALTO, GA 30510

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN UNION COUNTY UNION COUNTY COMM. KAYOR ROUTE 8 ROUTE 8 P. O. BOI 247 BOI 8001 BOI 8001 BALDWIN, GA 30511 BLAIRSVILLE, GA 30512 BLAIRSVILLE, GA 30512

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT HON. CARLTON COLWELL FANNIN COUNTY MAYOR DISTRICT 4 POST 1 COURTHOUSE P. O. BOX 307 P.O. BOX 850 P. O. BOX 487 BLAIRSVILLE, GA 30512 BLAIRSVILLE, GA 30512 BLUE RIDGE, GA 30513

CHAIRMAN CITY ENGINEER MAYOR FANNIN CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 396 P.O. BOX 396 P.O. BOX 487 BLUE RIDGE, GA 30513 BLUE RIDGE, GA 30513 BLUE RIDGE, GA 30513

MAYOR MAYOR CITY ENGINEER MAIN STREET 9988 W. BROAD STREET 9988 W. BROAD STREET BRASELTON, GA 30517 SUGAR BILL, GA 30518 SUGAR HILL, GA 30518

STEVE KENNERLY MAYOR BUILDING INSPECTOR 95 SCOTT STREET CITY OF SUGAR BILL MAYOR CITY HALL 5988 W. BROAD ST. P. O. BOX 158 BUFORD, GA 30518 SUGAR HILL, GA 30518 CANON, GA 30520

CHAIRMAN COUNTY ENGINEER MAYOR FRANKLIN CO. COMM. FRANKLIN COUNTY P. O. BOX 32 BOI 159 BOX 159 CARNESVILLE, GA 30521 CARNESVILLE, GA 30521 CARNESVILLE, GA 30521

CHAIRMAN COUNTY ADM, MAYOR HABERSHAM CO. COMM. HABERSHAM CO. P. O. BOX 21 COUNTY COURTHOUSE PO BOX 227 CLARKESVILLE, GA 30523 CLARKESVILLE, GA 30523 CLARKESVILLE, GA 30523

HON. WILLIAM DOVER COUNTY ENGINEER DISTRICT 11 POST 1 TERRY PURCELL HABERSHAM CO. TIMBROOK HABERSHAM CO. ROAD DEPT. P. O. BOX 227 ROUTE 2 ROUTE 2 HWY 115 E. CLARKESVILLE, GA 30523 HOLLYWOOD, GA 30523 CLARKESVILLE, GA 30523

CHAIRMAN RABUN CO. COMM. ROAD SUPT. MAYOR • COUNTY COURTHOUSE RABUN CO. P.O. BOX 702 P. O. BOX 925 P. O. BOX 925 CITY HALL CLAYTON, GA 30525 CLAYTON, GA 30525 CLAYTON, GA 30525

CITY ENGINEER MAYOR CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOI 702 P.O. BOX 257 P.O. BOX 257 CITY HALL CITY HALL CITY HALL CLAYTON, GA 30525 CLERMONT, GA 30527 CLERMONT, GA 30527 CHAIRMAN WHITE CO. COMM. CITY ENGINEER MAYOR COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 277 P.O. BOX 277 P. O. BOX 185 CLEVELAND, GA 30528 CLEVELAND, GA 30528 CLEVELAND, GA 30528

COUNTY ENGINEER WHITE CO. COUNTY COURTHOUSE STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY ENGINEER P. O. BOX 185 P.O. BOX 348 P.O. BOX 348 CLEVELAND, GA 30528 COMMERCE, GA 30529 COMMERCE, GA 30529

GERALD MOON HON. LAUREN MCDONALD JR. WINDER POLICE DEPT. MAYOR DISTRICT 12 P.O. BOX 293 325 ROOSEVELT BLVD. RT. 5 DOGWOOD TR COMMERCE, GA 30529 COMMERCE, GA 30529 COMMERCE, GA 30529

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOX 169 P.O. BOX 169 CITY MANAGER CITY HALL CITY HALL P. O. BOX 217 CORNELIA, GA 30531 CORNELIA, GA 30531 CORNELIA, GA 30531

HON. JOHN FOSTER CHAIRMAN COUNTY ROAD SUPERINTENDENT DISTRICT 50 LIMPKIN CO. COMM. LUMPKIN COUNTY P.O. BOX 100 280 COURTHOUSE HILL 280 COURTHOUSE HILL CORNELIA, GA 30531 DAHLONEGA, GA 30533 DAHLONEGA, GA 30533

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER CITY MANAGER 201 WEST MAIN ST. 201 WEST MAIN ST. 201 WEST MAIN ST. CITY HALL CITY HALL CITY HALL DAHLONEGA, GA 30533 DAHLONEGA, GA 30533 DAHLONEGA, GA 30533

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CITY ENGINEER MAYOR COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 6 P.O. BOX 6 P. O. BOX 192 DAWSONVILLE, GA 30534 DAWSONVILLE, GA 30534 DAWSONVILLE, GA 30534

CHAIRMAN DAWSON CO. COMM. COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY ENGINEER MAYOR P. 0. BOX 192 P.O. BOX 128 P.O. BOX 128 DAWSONVILLE, GA 30534 DIMOREST, GA 30535 DENOREST, GA 30535

CHAIRMAN MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT GILMER CO. COMM. P. O. BOX 188 P. O. BOX 188 COUNTY COURTHOUSE DILLARD, GA 30537 DILLARD, GA 30537 ELLIJAY, GA 30540

ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT GILMER CO. 20 LOGAN STREET 20 LOGAN STREET COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY HALL CITY HALL ELLIJAY, GA 30540 ELLIJAY, GA 30540 ELLIJAY, GA 30540

BENNY DUNN MICHAEL WATERS JERRY THURMAN GDOT GA D.O.T. GDOT 50 MADDOX DRIVE 4770 STRICKLAND RD. 50 MADDOX ROAD ELLIJAY, GA 30540 FLOWERY BRANCH, GA 30542 ELLIJAY, GA 30543 GILBERT PAUL BUILDING INSPECTOR CITY OF HELEN CITY MANAGER MAYOR PO DRAWER 280 P.O. BOI 280 P.O. BOI 280 HELEN, GA 30545 HELEN, GA 30545 HELEN, GA 30545

CO, ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN TOWNS COUNTY TOWNS COUNTY COMM. STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOX 326 P. O. BOI 326 P.O. BOI 549 HIAWASSEE, GA 30546 HIAWASSEE, GA 30546 HIAWASSEE, GA 30546

HON. RALPH ?EGGS CHAIRMAN MAYOR DISTRICT 4 POST 2 BANKS COUNTY COMM P. O. BOI 549 P.O. BOI 432 PO BOI 1686 HIAWASSEE, GA 30546 HIAWASSEE, GA 30546 HOMER, GA 30547

CHAIRMAN COUNTY ENGINEER JACKSON CO. COMM. MAYOR BANKS COUNTY COUNTY COURTHOUSE 139 ATHENS ST. PO BOI 1686 P. O. BOX 68 CITY HALL HOMER, GA 30547 JEFFERSON, GA 30549 JEFFERSON, GA 30549

MAYOR CITY OF ARCADE STREET SUPERINTENDENT ROUTE 2 139 ATHENS ST. STREET SUPERINTENDENT BOI B231 CITY HALL P.O. BOX 164 JEFFERSON, GA 30549 JEFFERSON, GA 30549 LAVONIA, GA 30553

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOI 164 MAYOR P.O. BOI 164 CITY HALL P. O. BOI 8 LAVONIA, GA 30553 LAVONIA, GA 30553 LULA, GA 30554

CITY MANAGER MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. O. 1101 99 P. O. BOI 6 P. O. BOI 6 LULA, GA 30554 MCCAYSVILLE, GA 30555 MCCAYSVILLB, GA 30555

MAYOR CITY OF AVALON MAYOR CITY MANAGER ROUTE 2 P. O. BOX 99 P. 0, BOI 99 MARTIN, GA 30557 OAKWOOD, GA 30566 OAKWOOD, GA 30566

HON. STANLEY MOORE CHAIRMAN DIST. SUPERVISOR STEPHENS CO. COMM. HALL COUNTY PUBLIC WORKS SUPT. ROUTE 6 BOI 4503 P.O. BOI 579 BOX 191 OAKWOOD, GA 30566 TOCCOA, GA 30577 TOCCOA, GA 30577

ROAD SUPERINTENDENT STEPHENS CO. COMM. MAYOR HON. MARY JEANNETTE JAMIESON ROUTE 6 P.O. BOY 579 DISTRICT 11 POST 2 BOI 191 CITY HALL P. O. BOI 852 TOCCOA, GA 30577 TOCCOA, GA 30577 TOCCOA, GA 30577

MR. FRED CARTEY SR. OPERATOR ST. CONST. MART. CHAIRMAN CITY ENGINEER CITY OF ATHENS CLARKE CO. COMM. CITY HALL 305 POUND ST. P.O. 801 448 ATHENS, GA 30601 ATHENS, GA 30601 ATHENS, GA 30601 EDWARD SMITH HON. DOUGLAS BARNARD STREET SUPT. US REP DIST 10 HON. LAWTON EVANS STEPHENS CITY OF ATHENS STEPHENS FED BLDG DISTRICT 68 P.O. 801 1868 BOX 3 P.O. BOX 8064 ATHENS, GA 30601 ATHENS, GA 30601 ATHENS, GA 30603

MR. GERALD W. TORBERT AREA ENGINEER TRAFFIC ENGINEER DEDE WARNER GA D.O.T. CLARKE COUNTY DOT CLARKE CO. PUBLIC WORKS PO BOX 387 2795 LEXINGTON ROAD 2915 LEXINGTON ROAD ATHENS, GA 30603 ATHENS, GA 30605 ATHENS, GA 30605

MR. ED STANDERA DIRECTOR PHILLIP P. MOODY PUBLIC WORKS HON. NICHAEL'THURMOND CLARK CO. PUBLIC WORKS CLARKE COUNTY DISTRICT 67 2915 LEXINGTON ROAD 2915 LEIINGTON RD. 1127 W. HANCOCK AVE. ATHENS, GA 30605 ATHENS, GA 30605 ATHENS, GA 30606

LAKE LESSARD MR. JAMES R. DOVE HON. PAUL BROUN NORTHEAST GA. AREA EXEC. DIRECTOR DISTRICT 46 PLANNING AND DEV. COMM. NORTHEAST GA. AFDC 165 PULASKI ST. 305 RESEARCH DRIVE 305 RESEARCH DRIVE ATHENS, GA 30610 ATHENS, GA 30610 ATHENS, GA 30610

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER CITY MANAGER P.O. BOY 1868 P.O. BOX 1868 P.O. BOX 1868 ATHENS, GA 30613 ATHENS, GA 30613 ATHENS, GA 30613

LAMAR G. BROWN DONALD E. GUYTON ASST STREET SUPT GARY DUCK CITY OF ATHENS STREET DEPT ASST. CITY ENGINEER 305 POUND STREET PO BOI 1868 P.O. BOX 1868 P. O. BOX 1868 ATHENS, GA 30613-4199 ATHENS, GA 30613-4199 ATHENS, GA 30613-4199

ED SMITH STREETS SECT. SUPT. MAYOR CITY ENGINEER P. O. BOX 1868 CITY HALL CITY HALL ATHENS, GA 30613-4199 ARNOLDSVILLE, GA 30619 ARNOLDSVILLE, GA 30619

MAYOR MAYOR CITY ENGINEER P. O. BOX 206 P. O. BOX 832 P.O. BOX 186 BOGART, GA 30622 BOSTWICK, GA 30623 BOWMAN, GA 30624

MAYOR MAYOR MAYOR P.O. BOX 186 CITY HALL P. O. BOX 9 BOWMAN, GA 30624 BUCKHEAD, GA 30625 CARLTON, GA 30627

CHAIRMAN MAYOR MAYOR TALIAFERRO CO. COMM. P. O. BOX 215 P. 0. 801 65 COUNTY COURTHOUSE COLBERT, GA 30628 COMER, GA 30629 CRAWFORDVILLE, GA 30631

MAYOR CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOX 8 COURTHOUSE COURTHOUSE CRAWFORDVILLE, GA 30631 CRAWFORDVILLE, GA 30631 DANIELSVILLE, GA 30633 CHAIRMAN ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MADISON CO. COMM. MADISON CO. HON. LOUIE CLARK COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE DISTRICT 13 POST 1 P. O. BOX 147 P. O. BOX 147 ROUTE 2 DANIELSVILLE, GA 30633 DANIELSVILLE, GA 30633 DANIELSVILLE, GA 30633

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY ENGINEER MAYOR ELBERT COUNTY ELBERT COUNTY P. O. BOI 339 P. O. BOX 70 P. O. BOX 70 DANIELSVILLE, GA 30633 ELBERTON, GA 30635 ELBERTON, GA 30635

MR. BARNEY R. TAYLOR CHAIRMAN PUBLIC WORKS SUPT ELBERT CO. COMM. MAYOR CITY OF ELBERTON COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 746 245 N. MCINTOSH ST P.O. BOX 70 CITY BALL ELBERTON, GA 30635 ELBERTON, GA 30635 ELBERTON, GA 30635

CITY MANAGER HON. CHARLES YBARGIN P.O. BOI 746 DISTRICT 14 CITY MANAGER CITY BALL P.O. BOX 584 P.O. BOX 207 ELBERTON, GA 30635 ELBERTON, GA 30635 FRANKLIN SPR., GA 30639

CHAIRMAN MAYOR CITY ENGINEER GREENE CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 207 P.O. BOX 207 COUNTY COURTHOUSE FRANKLIN SPR., GA 30639 FRANKLIN SPR., GA 30639 GREENSBORO, GA 30642

COUNTY ENGINEER MAYOR CITY ENGINEER GREENE CO. 212 NORTH MAIN ST. 212 NORTH MAIN ST. COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY HALL CITY HALL GREENSBORO, GA 30642 GREENSBORO, GA 30642 GREENSBORO, GA 30642

CURRAN CASHION STRIP SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR JUDGE P.O. BOX 309 P.O. BOI 309 P.O. BOX 237 HARTWELL, GA 30643 HARTWELL, GA 30643 HARTWELL, GA 30643

ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN WALTER CLEVELAND HART COUNTY HART COUNTY COMM. HARTWELL POLICE DEPT. P. O. BOX 748 P. O. BOX 279 P.O. BOX 309 HARTWELL, GA 30643 HARTWELL, GA 30643 HARTWELL, GA 30643

CECIL RENO CHIEF OF POLICE BON. BILLY MILFORD HARTWELL POLICE DEPT. DISTRICT 13 POST 2 MAYOR P.O. BOX 309 P. O. BOI 3446 CITY HALL HARTWELL, GA 30643 HARTWELL, GA 30643 CRAWFORD, GA 30648

CHAIRMAN CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT OGLETHORPE CO. COMM. MAYOR OGLETHORPE COUNTY COUNTY COURTHOUSE P. 0. BOX 35 COURTHOUSE P. O. BOX 261 LEXINGTON, GA 30648 LEXINGTON, GA 30648 LEXINGTON, GA 30648

MR. EDWARD ELLINGTON GA. TECH RESEARCH INST. CHAIRMAN CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT REGIONAL OFFICE MORGAN CO. COMM. COURTHOUSE 235-B SOUTH MAIN ST. COUNTY COURT'. MADISON, GA 30650 MADISON, GA 30650 MADISON, GA 30650 MAYOR CITY ENG:1:1'1: P.O. BOX 32 CITY ENGINEER CITY HALL CITY HALL P.O. BOX 1249 30650 MADISON, GA 30650 MONROE, GA 30655

JOHN STONE STAN HUTCHINGS GENERAL MAINTENANCE CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT ASS'T SUPER'T P.O. BOX 1249 P. O. BOX 585 P.O. BOX 1249 MONROE, GA 30655 MONROE, GA 30655 MONROE, GA 30655

CHAIRMAN WALTON CO. COMM. BARNEY HANDERS MAYOR COUNTY COURTHOUSE MONROE POLICE DEPT. P.O. BOX 1249 P. O. BOX 585 320 S. BROAD ST. CITY HALL MONROE, GA 30655 MONROE, GA 30655 MONROE, GA 30655

MICHAEL HEAD CHIEF OF POLICE CITY CLERK HON. TYRONE CARRELL MONROE POLICE DEPT. CITY OF MONROE DISTRICT 65 P.O. BOX 1249 PO BOX 1249 P. O. BOX 561 MONROE, GA 30655 MONROE, GA 30655 MONROE, GA 30655

MAYOR HON. C. DONALD JOHNSON JR. STREET SUPERINTENDENT 770 FRANKLIN SPRINGS DISTRICT 47 770 FRANKLIN SPGS, ST. CITY HALL P.O. BOX 27 ROYSTON, GA 30662 ROYSTON, GA 30662 ROYSTON, GA 30662

CITY ENGINEER MAYOR MAYOR P.O. BOX 277 P.O. BOX 277 CITY HALL RUTLEDGE, GA 30663 RUTLEDGE, GA 30663 SHARON, GA 30664

MAYOR MAYOR MAYOR P.O. BOX 233 CITY HALL P. O. BOX 218 CITY HALL SILOAM, GA 30665 TIGNALL, GA 30668 UNION POINT, GA 30669

CITY ENGINEER STREET SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOX 233 MAYOR P. 0. BOX 9 CITY HALL CITY HALL 102 E. LIBERTY ST. UNION POINT, GA 30669 WOODVILLE, GA 30670 WASHINGTON, GA 30673

CITY ENGINEER MAYOR P. O. BOX 9 P. O. BOX 9 CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT 102 E. LIBERTY ST. 102 E. LIBERTY ST. COURTHOUSE WASHINGTON, GA 30673 WASHINGTON, GA 30673 WASHINGTON, GA 30673

CHAIRMAN WILKES CO. COMM. MAYOR HON. SAM MCGILL 23 EAST COURT STREET P.O. BOI 9 DISTRICT 24 ROOM 201 CITY HALL P.O. BOX 520 WASHINGTON, GA 30673 WASHINGTON, GA 30673 WASHINGTON, GA 30673

CHAIRMAN ROAD SUPERINTENDENT HOYT HIGDON OCONEE CO. COMM. OCONEE CO. CITY OF WASHINGTON COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE P. O. BOX 9 P. O. BOX 145 P. O. BOX 145 WASHINGTON, GA 30673 WATKINSVILLE, GA 30677 WATKINSVILLE, GA 30677 HON. FRANK B. STANCIL MAYOR DISTRICT 66 STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOX 27 P.O. BOI 694 BOX WATKINSVILLE, GA 30677 WATKINSVILLB, GA 30677 WATKINSVI LLE, GA 30677

HON. GEORGE F. GREEN MAYOR DISTRICT 106 CITY ENGINEER CITY HALL ROUTE 11 BOX 46F P.O. BOX 566 WHITE PLAINS, GA 30678 WHITE PLAINS, GA 30678 WINDER, GA 30680

WAYNE MCLOCKLIN CITY ATTORNEY CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CITY OF WINDER KEITH WITCHER BARROW CO. RUSSELL ADAMSON k STELL WINDER POLICE DEPT. COURTHOUSE P. O. BOX 644 320 S. BROAD ST. P. O. BOX 1600 WINDER, GA 30680 WINDER, GA 30680 WINDER, GA 30680

COUNTY ENGINEER CHAIRMAN BARROW CO. BARROW CO. COMM. CLIFFORD SYKES COURTHOUSE COURTHOUSE WINDER POLICE DEPT. P. O. BOX 1600 P. O. BOX 1600 320 S. BROAD ST. WINDER, GA 30680 WINDER, GA 30680 WINDER, GA 30680

MAYOR RON. JOHN O. MOSLEY JR. JACK DILLARD P.O. BOI 566 DISTRICT 64 BARROW COUNTY CITY BALL 102 BRANDYWINE DR. ROUTE 3 BOI 145 WINDER, GA 30680 WINDER, GA 30680 WINDER, GA 30680

ARTHUR ELLIS KENNETH MARROW EDWIN HAINAN BARROW COUNTY BARROW CO. ROAD DEPT. CHIEF OF POLICE ROUTE 3 BOX 145 CANDLER STREET P.O. BOX 191 WINDER, GA 30680 WINDER, GA 30680 WINTERVILLE, GA 30683

HELEN WILLIAMS CITY CLERK MAYOR P.O. BOI 306 P.O. BOI 306 ENTERVILLE, GA 30683 WINTERVILLE, GA 30683 COUNTY ENGINEER CITY ENGINEER STREET SUPERINTENDENT GORDAN COUNTY P.O. BOX 248 P.O. BOX 248 580 CALHOUN, GA 30701 CALHOUN, GA 30701 CALHOUN, GA 30701

CHAIRMAN ROAD SUPERINTINDENT HON. MAX BRANNON GORDON CO. COMM. GORDON CO. DISTRICT 51 P.O. BOX 580 P.O. BOX 580 P.O. BOX 102? CALHOUN, GA 30701 CALHOUN, GA 30701 CALHOUN, GA 30701

HON. JAMES B. LANGFORD WATSON V. BRADLEY WILLIAM RICKEY MALLETT DISTRICT 7 DOT DOT P. 0. BOX 277 1313 TIBBS ROAD 1313 TIBBS ROAD CALHOUN, GA 30701 DALTON, GA 30702 DALTON, GA 30702

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT HURRAY COUNTY STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR P. O. BOX 516 P.O. BOX 516 P.O. BOX 516 CHATSWORTH, GA 30705 CHATSWORTH, GA 30705 CHATSWORTH, GA 30705

CHAIRMAN HON. W. FINCHER JR. HON. TOM RAMSEY MURRAY CO. COMM. DISTRICT 54 DISTRICT 3 P.O. BOX 1129 P.O. DRAWER 400 P.O. BOX 1130 CHATSWORTH, GA 30705 CHATSWORTH, GA 30705 CHATSWORTH, GA 30705

ANTHONY E. BANKS MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT DOT P.O. BOX 68 P.O. BOX 68 ROUTE 4 BOX IAA CITY HALL CITY HALL CHATSWORTH, GA 30705 CHICKAMAUGA, GA 30707 CHICKAMAUGA, GA 30707

HON. MIKE SNOW HON. EDGAR L. JENKINS DISTRICT 1 POST 1 CITY ENGINEER 9TH DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE ROUTE 2 BOX 1595 P.O. BOX 1205 307 SELRIDGE STREET CHICKAMAUGA, GA 30707 DALTON, GA 30720 DALTON, GA 30143

COUNTY ENGINEER CHAIRMAN STREET SUPERINTENDENT WHITFIELD COUNTY WHITFIELD CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 1205 COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 248 DALTON, GA 30720 DALTON, GA 30720 DALTON, GA 30720

KR. GEORGE SUTHRLE AND ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR WHITFIELD CO. P.O. BOX 1205 NORTH GEORGIA APDC P.O. BOX 248 CITY HALL 503 WEST WAUGH STREET DALTON, GA 30720 DALTON, GA 30720 DALTON, GA 30720

KR. DONALD H. PIKE TEXT. RUBBER & CHEM JOHN R. BOYD ELBERT CLAYTON ULDRAPAVE DIV. CITY OF DALTON CITY OF DALTON 1300 TIARCO DRIVE SW P. O. BOX 1205 P. O. BOI 1205 DALTON, GA 30720 DALTON, GA 30720 DALTON, GA 30720

BUDDY BISHOP HON. PHILIP FOSTER HON. ROBERT MCCOY CITY OF DALTON DISTRICT 6 POST 2 DISTRICT 1 POST 2 P. O. BOX 1205 4425 AIRPORT RD. SE 181 S. MISSION RIDGE DR. naLrnu ni IMF) num: ni 111791 COUNTY ENGINEER HON. WAYMOND HUGGINS WALKER COUNTY DISTRICT 53 COURTHOUSE STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. O. DOI 282 BOX 445 P.O. BOI 89 LAFAYETTE, GA 30728 LAFAYETTE, GA 30728 LAFAYETTE, GA 30728

BARRY WAITS T ENGINEER CITY ENGINEER DOT POLICE CHIEF P.O. BOX 89 CITY HALL CITY HALL LAFAYETTE, GA 30728 LAFAYETTE, GA 30728 LAFAYETTE, GA 30728

CHAIRMAN CITY MANAGER MR. MARTIN SIMMONS WALKER CO. COMM. P. O. BOX 89 P.O. BOI 445 BOI 445 LAFAYETTE, GA 30728 LAFAYETTE, GA 30728 LAFAYETTE, GA 30728

MAYOR BON. JOHN CRAWFORD P.O. BOX 89 DISTRICT 5 MAYOR CITY BALL P. O. BOX 308 P. 0. BOX 203 LAFAYETTE, GA 30728 LYERLY, GA 30730 LYERLY, GA 30730

STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOX 203 P. O. BOX 155 P. O. BOX 155 LYERLY, GA 30730 MENLO, GA 30731 MENLO, GA 30731

CHAIRMAN CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR CATOOSA CO. COMM. CATOOSA COUNTY BOX 151 P.O. BOX 206 206 I. NASHVILLE STREET RESACA, GA 30735 RINGGOLD, GA 30736 RINGGOLD, GA 30736

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT HON. ROBERT PETERS 105 MOUNTAIN ST. 105 MOUNTAIN ST. DISTRICT 2 CITY HALL CITY HALL P.O. BOX 550 RINGGOLD, GA 30736 RINGGOLD, GA 30736 RINGGOLD, GA 30736

KAREN CAUSBY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR CATOOSA COUNTY HAROLD W. JONES ECONOMIC DEV. COMM. W. GARY WHITE CITY OF DALTON P. O. BOX 52 578 SAM LOVE ROAD P. 0. BOX 211 RINGGOLD, GA 30736 ROCKY FACE, GA 30740 ROCKY FACE, GA 30740

W. E. NORTON CITY OF ROSSVILLE STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR 500 MCFARLAND AVE. P.O. BOK 59 201 FORREST ROAD ROSSVILLE, GA 30741 ROSSVILLR, GA 30741 FT. OGLETHORPE, GA 30741

MAYOR CITY MANAGER P.O. BOX 59 CITY MANAGER 201 FORREST ROAD CITY HALL P.O. BOX 180 FT. OGLETHORPE, GA 30741 ROSSVILLE, GA 30741 SUMMERVILLE, GA 30747

SUZAN SPIVEY CHATTOOGA COUNTY CHAMBER OF COMMERCE CHAIRMAN STREET SUPERINTENDENT 108 W. WASHINGTON AVE. CHATTOOGA CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 180 P.O. BOY 217 P.O. BOX 211 SUMMERVILLE, GA 30747 SUMMERVILLE, GA 30747 SUMMERVILLR ri lm! JAMES RAWLINGS CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR COMMISSIONER CBATTOOGA COUNTY P.O. BOX 180 CITY OF LOOKOUT MTN. P.O. BOI 211 CITY HALL 214 LULA LAKE RD. SUMMERVILLE, GA 30747 SUMMERVILLE, GA 30747 LOOKOUT MTN., GA 30750

CHAIRMAN MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT DADE CO. COMM. 1212 LULA LAKE ROAD 1212 LULA LAKE ROAD P.O. BOI 613 LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN, GA 30750 LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN, GA 30750 TRENTON, GA 30152

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT PRESTON DANIELS DADE COUNTY MAYOR FOREMAN COUNTY COURTHOUSE 801 518 P.O. BOX 763 BOX 613 CITY HALL TRENTON, GA 30752 TRENTON, GA 30752 TRENTON, GA 30752

STREET SUPERINTENDENT PRESTON DANIELS HON. JIM TYSON GRIFFIN BOI 518 CITY OF TRENTON DISTRICT 6 POST 1 CITY HALL P. 0, BOX 763 526 YARNELL RD. TRENTON, GA 30752 TRENTON, GA 30752 TUNNEL HILL, GA 30755

MAYOR MAYOR MAYOR P. O. BOX 159 P. O. BOX 62 P. O. BOX 125 TUNNEL BILL, GA 30755 YARNELL, GA 30756 AVERA, GA 30803

MAYOR MAYOR CITY HALL MAYOR P. O. DRAWER B BAKER STREET P. O. BOX 218 BLYTHE, GA 30805 CAMAS, GA 30807 DEARING, GA 30803

ROAD SUPT. DON BARTLES CHAIRMAN COLUMBIA COUNTY COLUMBIA COUNTY PUBLIC WORKS COLUMBIA COUNTY COMM. P. O. BOX 498 P. O. BOX 498 P. 0, BOX 498 EVANS, GA 30809 EVANS, GA 30809 EVANS, GA 30809

DAVID SAMPLE KEVIN HEFFERNAN ROAD SUPERINTENDENT COLUMBIA COUNTY COLUMBIA COUNTY COLUMBIA COUNTY PUBLIC WORKS DEPT. PUBLIC WORKS DEPT. P. O. BOX 498 P. O. BOY 498 P. O. BOX 498 EVANS, GA 30809 IVANS, GA 30809 EVANS, GA 30809

CHAIRMAN CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT GLASCOCK CO. CONN. MAYOR COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 66 GIBSON, GA 30810 GIBSON, GA 30810 GIBSON, GA 30810

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER WAYNE NEWMAN P.O. BOX 120 P.O. BOX 120 CITY OF GROVETOWN CITY HALL CITY HALL P. O. BOX 120 GROVETOWN, GA 30813 GROVETOWN, GA 30813 GROVETOWN, GA 30813

WILLIAM HAWTHORN MAYOR CITY OF GROVETOWN 180 N. LOUISVILLE MAYOR P. O. BOX 120 P. O. BOI 99 P. O. HI 85 GROVETOWN, GA 30813 HARLEM, GA 30814 REPRISAL GA 30815 CHAIRMAN CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY ENGINEER LINCOLN CO. CONN. P. O. BOX 340 P. O. BOX 340 P.O. BOX 340 LINCOLNTON, GA 30817 LINCOLNTON, GA 30817 LINCOLNTON, GA 30817

W. H. MIMS LINCOLN COUNTY MAYOR MAYOR RT. 3 BOI 192 P. O. BOX 489 CITY HALL LINCOLNTON, GA 30817 LINCOLNTON, GA 30817 MITCHELL, GA 30820

MAYOR MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. 0. BOX 60 P. O. BOX 86 P.O. BOX 953 NORWOOD, GA 30821 STAPLETON, GA 30823 THOMSON, GA 30824

CHAIRMAN MAYOR CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT McDUFFIE CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 1017 P. O. 801 28 P.O. BOX 28 CITY HALL THOMSON, GA 30824 THOMSON, GA 30824 THOMSON, GA 30824

CITY ENGINEER HON. BOBBY HARRIS P.O. BOI 1017 DISTRICT 84 CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CITY HALL ROUTE 5 BOI 593 COURTHOUSE THOMSON, GA 30824 THOMSON, GA 30824 WARRENTON, GA 30828

HON. EDWARD D. RICKETSON JR. STREET SUPT. CHAIRMAN DISTRICT 82 CITY OF WARRENTON WARREN CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 732 PO BOX 23 P.O. BOX 46 WARRENTON, GA 30828 WARRENTON, GA 30828 WARRENTON, GA 30828

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER 103 ACADEMY STREET 103 ACADEMY STREET CHAIRMAN P.O. BOX 109 P.O. BOX 109 BURKE CO. COMM. CITY HALL CITY HALL P.O. BOX 62 WARRENTON, GA 30828 WARRENTON, GA 30828 WAYNESBORO, GA 30830

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT 628 MYRICK ST. 628 MYRICK ST. P.O. BOX 62 CITY HALL CITY HALL WAYNESBORO, GA 30830 WAYNESBORO, GA 30830 WAYNESBORO, GA 30830

ELMER BONTRAGER J. T. OLIVER STREET SUPERINTENDENT BURKE COUNTY BURKE COUNTY 401 BROAD STREET RT. 2 BOX 47B RT. 2 BOX 47B P.O. BOX 125 WAYNESBORO, GA 30830 WAYNESBORO, GA 30830 WRENS, GA 30833

HON. DOUGLAS BARNARD MAYOR 10TH DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE HON. CHARLES WALKER 401 BROAD STREET 407 PELFAIR STREET DISTRICT 85 P.O. BOX 125 P. O. BOX 10123 1402 12TH ST. WRENS, GA 30833 AUGUSTA, GA 30901 AUGUSTA, GA 30901

COUNTY ENGINEER RICHMOND COUNTY DAVID POSS II JAMES H. BROWN PUBLIC WORKS/ AUGUSTA AREA OFFICE RICHMOND COUNTY ENGINEERING DEPT. GEORGIA TECH 560 WALTON WAY 560 WALTON WAY 500 BLDG. SUITE 217 AUGUSTA, GA 30901 AUGUSTA, GA 30901 AUGUSTA, GA 30901 HON. FRANK ALBERT HON. THOMAS F. ALLGOOD HON. GEORGE BROWN DISTRICT 23 DISTRICT 22 DISTRICT 88 1432 REYNOLDS ST. 615 TELFAIR P.O. BOX 1114 AUGUSTA, GA 30902 AUGUSTA, GA 30903 AUGUSTA, GA 30903

MR. TIM MAUND HON. JACK CONNELL SUPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR DISTRICT 87 CITY OF AUGUSTA CENT. SAV. RIVER APDC 328 10TH STREET 1568 BROAD ST. P.O. BOX 2800 AUGUSTA, GA 30903 AUGUSTA, GA 30904 AUGUSTA, GA 30904

COMMANDER BON. MICHAEL PADGETT US ARMY SIGNAL CENTER i FT. GORDAN LARRY J. COBURN DISTRICT 86 ATTN: ATZH-FBP 2316 TOBACCO ROAD 1140 BENNOCK MILL ROAD FORT GORDAN, GA 30905-5062 AUGUSTA, GA 30906 AUGUSTA, GA 30906

MR. MILLARD F. GOODING SUPERINTENDENT ROADS AND BRIDGES DEPT. HON. WILLIAM JACKSON RICHMOND CO. COUNTY ENGINEER DISTRICT 83 2316 TOBACCO ROAD P.O. BOX 11024 3907 WASHINGTON RD. AUGUSTA, GA 30906 MARTINEZ, GA 30907 MARTINEZ, GA 30907

T. R. SWEENEY MR. LARRY MATTHEWS PE HON. DICK RANSOM CHIEF OF ENG. SERVICES GDOT ROUTE 2 DISTRICT 90 P.O. BOX 11024 4260 FRONTAGE ROAD 445 WAVERLY DR. MARTINEZ, GA 30907 AUGUSTA, GA 30909 AUGUSTA, GA 30909

CHAIRMAN ROAD SUPERINTENDENT HON, DONALD CHEEKS RICHMOND COUNTY COMM. RICHMOND COUNTY DISTRICT 89 ROOM 605 ROOM 605 3047 WALTON WAY CITY-CTY. MUNICIPAL BLDG. CITY-CTY. MUNICIPAL BLDG. AUGUSTA, GA 30909 AUGUSTA, GA 30911 AUGUSTA, GA 30911

CITY ENGINEER MAYOR 530 GREEN STREET 530 GREENE STREET MAYOR AUGUSTA, GA 30911 AUGUSTA, GA 30911 CADWELL, GA 31000

CO, ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR WILCOX COUNTY WILCOX CO. COMM. WILCOX CO. COMM. COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE ABBEVILL3, GA 31001 ABBEVILLE, GA 31001 ABBEVILLE, GA 31001

META HENRY ASST. SUPT. EMANUEL COUNTY MAYOR JOHN NEELY ROUTE 12 P. O. BOX 265 P.O. BOX 118 ADRIAN, GA 31002 ADRIAN, GA 31002 BUTLER, GA 31006

COUNTY MANAGER CHAIRMAN TAYLOR COUNTY CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT TAYLOR CO. COMM. COUNTY COURTHOUSE COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE P. 0. BOX 148 P. O. BOX 148 P. O. BOX 148 BUTLER, GA 31006 BUTLER, GA 31006 BUTLER, GA 31006

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT HON. WARD EDWARDS P.O. BOX 476 P.O. BOX 476 DISTRICT 112 CITY BALL CITY HALL P.O. BOX 146 BUTLER, GA 31006 BUTLER, GA 31006 BUTLER, GA 31006 CITY OFGINEEENGINEER MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY BYRON P.O. BOX 36 P.O. BOI 36 P.O. BOX 129 BYROKVILLE, GA 31007 BYROBVILLE, GA 31007 • BYRON, GA 31008

MAYOR MAYOR MAYOR P.O. BOI 129 P. O. BOX 2B P. O. BOX 67 BYRON, GA 31008 CHAUNCEY, GA 31011 CHESTER, GA 31012

STREET SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN MAYOR BLECKLEY COUNTY BLECKLEY COUNTY COMM. P.O. BOX 8 P.O. BOI 8 P.O. BOI 8 CITY BALL COCHRAN, GA 31014 COCHRAN, GA 31014 COCHRAN, GA 31014

CITY ENGINEER HON. ROONEY BOWEN P.O. BOX 8 CITY ENGINEER DISTRICT 13 CITY HALL P.O. BOI 569 P.O. BOX 1238 COCHRAN, GA 31014 CORDELE, GA 31015 CORDELE, GA 31015

CHAIRMAN COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS CRISP CO. COMM. CRISP CO. CRISP COUNTY P. 0. BOX 188 P. O. BOX 188 P. O. BOX 188 CORDELE, GA 31015 CORDELE, GA 31015 CORDELE, GA 31015

MAYOR HON. HOWARD RAINEY CITY MANAGER P.O. BOI 569 DISTRICT 135 CITY OF CORDELE CITY HALL 913 3RD AVE B P. O. BOI 569 COBBLE, GA 31015 CORDELE, GA 31015 CORDELE, GA 31015

PUBLIC WORKS SUPT. CITY OF CULLODEN MAYOR MAYOR PO BOI 38 P.O. BOX 38 P.O. BOI 157 CULLODEN, GA 31016 CULLODEN, GA 31016 DANVILLE, GA 31017

CHAIRMAN LAURENS COUNTY COMM. MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT COURT SQUARE STATION CITY HALL CITY HALL P. O. BOI 2011 DAVISBORO, GA 31018 DAVISBORO, GA 31018 DUBLIN, GA 31021

COUNTY ENGINEER ROAD SUPERINTENDENT LAURENS COUNTY LAURENS COUNTY COMM. MAYOR COURT SQUARE STATION COURT SQUARE STATION 119 SOPERTON AVE. P. O. BOI 2011 P. O. BOI 2011 CITY HALL DUBLIN, GA 31021 DUBLIN, GA 31021 EAST DUBLIN, GA 31021

CITY ENGINEER 119 SOPERTON AVE. MAYOR CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CITY HALL P. O. BOX 135 BOI 564 EAST DUBLIN, GA 31021 DUDLEY, GA 31022 EASTMAN, GA 31023

CHAIRMAN COUNTY ENGINEER DODGE CO. COMM. STREET SUPERINTENDENT BOI 564 BOX 564 P.O. BOX 40 EASTMAN, GA 31023 EASTMAN, GA 31023 EASTMAN, GA 31023 GREG IVEY FOREMAN MAYOR CITY ENGINEER CITY OF EASTMAN P.O. DRAWER 40 P.O. DRAWER 40 PO BOX 40 CITY HALL CITY HALL EASTMAN, GA 31023 EASTMAN, GA 31023 EASTMAN, GA 31023

MR. NICKY CABERO HON. TERRY COLEMAN EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR POPE E. LAMPKIN DISTRICT 118 HEART OF GEORGIA CITY OF EASTMAN P.O. BOX 157 501 OAK STREET 410 CONGO LANE EASTMAN, GA 31023 EASTMAN, GA 31023 EASTMAN, GA 31023

JOB NELSON CHAIRMAN CITY OF EASTMAN CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT PUTNUM CO. COMM. P. O. BOX 40 COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE EASTMAN, GA 31023 EATONTON, GA 31024 EATONTON, GA, 31024

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER MAYOR P.O. BOI 191 P.O. BOX 191 500 HOUSTON LAKE BLVD. MARIAN STREET MARIAN STREET CITY HALL EATONTON, GA 31024 EATONTON, GA 31024 CENTERVILLE, GA 31028

CITY ENGINEER STREET SUPERINTENDENT CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT 500 HOUSTON LAKE BLVD, 500 HOUSTON LAKE BLVD. P.O. BOX 189 CENTERVILLE, GA 31028 CENTERVILLE, GA 31028 FORSYTH, GA 31029

CHAIRMAN MONROE CO. COMM. MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 1447 P.O. BOX 1447 P. O. BOX 189 CITY HALL FORSYTH, GA 31029 FORSYTH, GA 31029 FORSYTH, GA 31029

HON. KENNETH WALDREP CITY ENGINEER DISTRICT 80 P.O. BOX 1447 87 N LEE ST CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CITY HALL P.O. BOI 65? P. O. BOX 468 FORSYTH, GA 31029 FORSYTH, GA 31029 FORT VALLEY, GA 31030

MR. ALAN K. HARRIS COORDINATOR CHAIRMAN PEACH TRANSIT SYSTEM PEACH CO. COMM. COUNTY ENGINEER

310 MILLER STREET P.O. BOX 468 , OX 468 FORT VALLEY, GA 31030 FORT VALLEY, GA 31030 FORT VALLEY, GA 31030

MAYOR_ _ 056 STREET SUPERINTENDENT HON. ROBERT RAY P.O. BOX 956 DISTRICT 98 CITY HALL CITY HALL ROUTE 1 BOX 2126 FORT VALLEY, GA 31030 FORT VALLEY, GA 31030 FORT VALLEY, GA 31030

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER HON. KENNETH BIRDSONG P.O. BOX 387 P.O. BOX 387 DISTRICT 104 CITY BALL CITY HALL ROUTE 1 GORDON, GA 31031 GORDON, GA 31031 GORDON, GA 31031

MAYOR CHAIRMAN CITY OF IVEY JONES CO. COMM, MAYOR ROUTE 3 BOX 1170 P.O. BOX 316 P.O. BOX 443 GORDAN, GA 31031 GRAY, GA 31032 GRAY, GA 31032 CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT PULASKI COUNTY STREET SUPERINTENDENT COURTHOUSE COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 443 BOX 316 P. O. BX 29 GRAY, GA 31032 GRAY, GA 31032 HAWKINSVILLE, GA 31036

CHAIRMAN PULASKI CO. CONN. MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 95 P. O. BOI 95 P. O. BOI 29 CITY HALL HAWKINSVILLE, GA 31036 BAWKINSVILLE, GA. 31036 HAWKINSVILLE, GA 31036

RICK DUKE MAYOR GTRI P.O. BOX 369 REGIONAL OFFICE CITY ENGINEER CITY HALL P.O. BOX 4620 P.O. BOX 690 HELENA, GA 31037 DUBLIN, GA 31040 DUBLIN, GA 31040

HON. J. ROY ROWLAND 8TH DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE HON. DUBOSE PORTER MAYOR P. O. BOX 2047 DISTRICT 119 P.O. BOX 690 ROOM 203 FEDERAL BLDG. P. O. DRAWER B CBS CITY HALL DUBLIN, GA 31040 DUBLIN, GA 31040 DUBLIN, GA 31040

MAYOR MAYOR CITY ENGINEER P. O. BOX 9 P. O. BOX 169 P.169 IDEAL, GA 31041 IRWINTON, GA 31042 IRWINTON, GA 31042

CHAIRMAN WILKINSON CO. COMM. CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOX 161 TWIGGS COUNTY COURTHOUSE COURTHOUSE COURTHOUSE IRWINTON, GA 31042 IRWINTON, GA 31042 JEFFERSONVILLE, GA 31044

CHAIRMAN TWIGGS COUNTY COMM. MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 223 P.O. BOX 223 JEFFERSONVILLE, GA 31044 JEFFERSONVILLE, GA 31044 JEFFERSONVILLE, GA 31044

CHAIRMAN ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CRAWFORD CO. COMM, CRAWFORD CO. COMM. COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE MAYOR KNOXVILLE, GA 31050 KNOXVILLE, GA 31050 LILLY, GA 31051

HON. BILL CUMMINGS DISTRICT 17 MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT 735 MORGAN VALLEY RD. P, O. BOX 38 LILLY, GA 31051 ROCKMART, GA 31053 MCINTYRE, GA 31054

CHAIRMAN CITY ENGINEER CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT TELFAIR CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 157 COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE MCRAE, GA 31055 11cRAE, GA 31055 NcRAE, GA 31055

JOHN GAY DIRECTOR MAYOR DEPT. OF GRANTS i RES P.O. BOX 157 HOUSTON COUNTY MAYOR CITY HALL 200 CARL VINSON PIT P.O. BOX 83 MCRAE, GA 31055 WARNER ROBINS, GA 31056 KARSHALLVILLE, GA 31057 COUNTY ENGINEER STREET SUPERINTENDENT STREET SUPERINTENDENT BALDWIN COUNTY P.O. BOI 83 P.O. BOX B P.O. BOX 735 MARSHALLVILLE, GA 31057 MILLEDGEVILLE, GA 31061 MILLEDGEVILLE, GA 31061

DURWARD D. MURPHY PUBLIC WORKS SUPV. CHAIRMAN BALDWIN COUNTY COURTHOUSE CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT BALDWIN CO. COMM. ROOM 6 COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE ROOM 6 MILLEDGEVILLE, GA 31061 MILLEDGEVILLE, GA 31061 MILLEDGEVILLE, GA 31061

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER HON. CULVER KIDD P.O. 801 1708 P.O. BOX 1708 DISTRICT 25 CITY HALL CITY BALL P.O. BOX 370 MILLEDGEVILLE, GA 31061 MILLEDGEVILLE, GA 31061 MILLEDGEVILLE, GA 31061

MR. JIM GENTRY HON. BOBBY EUGENE PARHAM EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR DISTRICT 105 OCONEE APDC STREET SUPERINTENDENT P.O. 801 606 P.O. DOI 707 SOUTH DOOLY STREET MILLEDGEVILLE, GA 31061 MILLEDGEVILLE, GA 31061 MONTEZUMA, GA 31063

MAYOR HON. LEWIS MCKENZIE CITY OF MONTEZUMA DISTRICT 14 STREET SUPERINTENDENT SOUTH DOOLY STREET P.O. BOX 565 P.O. BOX 269 MONTEZUMA, GA 31063 MONTEZUMA, GA 31063 MONTICELLO, GA 31064

CHAIRMAN MAYOR CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT JASPER CO. COMM. P. O. BOX 269 COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY HALL MONTICELLO, GA 31064 MONTICELLO, GA 31064 MONTICELLO, GA 31064

CITY ENGINEER P. O. BOI 263 MAYOR MAYOR CITY HALL CITY HALL P. O. BOX 66 MONTICELLO, GA 31064 MONTROSE, GA 31065 OCONEE, GA 31067

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDNET P. O. BOX 297 P.O. DOI 312 P.O. BOX 312 OGLETHORPE, GA 31068 OGLETHORPE, GA 31068-0312 OGLETHORPE, GA 31068-0312

CHAIRMAN COUNTY BOARD OF COMM. MACON COUNTY STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY MANAGER P.O. BOX 297 P.O. DRAWER A P. O. DRAWER A OGLETHORPE, GA 31068 PERRY, GA 31069 PERRY, GA 31069

MR. WAYNE CHAPMAN TRAFFIC CONTROL CITY ENGINEER HOUSTON CO. BOARD OF COMM. CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT P. O. DRAWER A 2018 KINGS CHAPEL RD. COURTHOUSE PERRY, GA 31069 PERRY, GA 31069 PERRY, GA 31069

MAYOR HON. LARRY WALKER GLENN HANCOCK P.O. DRAWER A DISTRICT 115 CITY OF PERRY CITY HALL P.O. BOI 1234 P. O. BOX 1138 PERRY, GA 31069 PERRY, GA 31069 PERRY, GA 31069 JERRY REVELS CITY OF PERRY MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. 0. BOX 1725 P.O. BOX 118 P.O. BOX 118 PERRY, GA 31069 PINEHURST, GA 31070 PINEHURST, GA 31070

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR P.O. 801 386 P.O. BOX 386 P. O. 601 76 REYNOLDS, GA 31076 REYNOLDS, GA 31076 RHINE, GA 31077

MAYOR MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOX 156 P.O. BOX 278 P.O. 801 278 CITY HALL ROBERTA, GA 31078 ROBERTA, GA 31078 ROCHELLE, GA 31079

STREET SUPERINTENDENT HON. W. N. HUDSON P.O. Ha 156 CHIEF OF POLICE DISTRICT 117 CITY HALL P.O. BOX 156 ROUTE 1 BOX 29A ROCHELLE, GA 31079 ROCHELLE, GA 31079 ROCHELLE, GA 31079

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR WASHINGTON COUNTY P.O. BOX 71 P.O. BOX 71 P. O. BOX 271 SANDERSVILLE, GA 31082 SANDERSVILLE, GA 31082 SANDERSVILLE, GA 31082

COUNTY ENGINEER CHAIRMAN BON. JIMMY LORD WASHINGTON COUNTY WASHINGTON CO. COMM. DISTRICT 107 P. O. 1101 271 P.O. BOX 71 P.O. BOX 254 SANDERSVILLE, GA 31082 SANDERSVILLE, GA 31082 SANDERSVILLE, GA 31082

CHAIRMAN CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT J. N. BROWN HANCOCK CO. COMM. HANCOCK COUNTY WASHINGTON CO. ROAD DEPT. P.O. DRAWER I COUNTY COURTHOUSE SANDERSVILLE, GA 31082 SPARTA, GA 31087 SPARTA, GA 31087

STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR JAMES ROBBINS CITY OF SPARTA P.O. BOX H HANCOCK COUNTY P. O. BOX H CITY HALL DRAWER I SPARTA, GA 31087 SPARTA, GA 31087 SPARTA, GA 31087

JOHNNY FRANK BAKER JAMES W. SMITH CHAIRMAN HANCOCK COUNTY HANCOCK COUNTY HOUSTON CO. COMM. ROUTE 3 BOX 529 DRAWER I 900 CARL VINSON PKWY SPARTA, GA 31087 SPARTA, GA 31087 WARNER ROBINS, GA 31088

LINDA F. LEWIS HOUSING SPECIALIST JOHN ELKO JESSE FOUNTAIN CITY OF WARNER ROBINS CITY OF WARNER ROBINS CITY OF WARNER ROBINS P. O. BOI 1488 P. O. BOX 1488 P. O. BOX 1486 WARNER ROBINS, GA 31088 WARNER ROBINS, GA 31088 WARNER ROBINS, GA 31088

HON. RICHARD RAY MR. GEORGE LYONS 3RD DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE COUNTY ENGINEER DISTRICT ENGINEER 200 CARL VINSON PARKWAY 900 CARL VINSON PKWY GDOT DISTRICT 2 WARNER ROBINS, GA 31088 WARNER ROBINS, GA 31088 TENNILLE, GA 31089 MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT BERNICE STRICKLAND P.O. BOX 145 P.O. BOX 145 GDOT CITY HALL CITY HALL P. O. BOX 8 TENNILLE, GA 31080 TENNILLE, GA 31089 TENNILLE, GA 31089

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR P.O. BOX 67 P.O. BOX 67 P.O. BOX 307 CITY HALL CITY HALL CITY HALL TOOMBSBORO, GA 31090 TOOMBSBORO, GA 31090 UNADILLA, GA 31091

STREET SUPERINTENDENT CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOX 307 COURTHOUSE MAYOR CITY HALL P. O. BOX 322 CITY OF LILLY UNADILLA, GA 31091 VIENNA, GA 31092 LILLY, GA 31092

CHAIRMAN DOOLY CO. COMM. COUNTY COURTHOUSE MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOX 322 P.O. BOX 436 P.O. BOX 436 VIENNA, GA 31092 VIENNA, GA 31092 VIENNA, GA 31092

HON. RODNEY BOWEN HON. TED WADDLE DISTRICT 13 DISTRICT 113 CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOX 417 113 TANGLEWOOD DR. COURTHOUSE VIENNA, GA 31092 WARNER ROBINS, GA 31093 WRIGHTSVILLE, GA 31096

CHAIRMAN JOHNSON COUNTY COMM. MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY COURTHOUSE 131 BRADFORD STREET 131 BRADFORD STREET WRIGHTSVILLE, GA 31096 WRIGRTSVILLE, GA 31096 WRIGHTSVILLE, GA 31096

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT TOWN OF YATESVILLE TOWN OF YATESVILLE HQ AFRES/DEMM YATESVILLE, GA 31097 YATESVILLE, GA 31097 ROBINS AFB, GA 31098

ELIZABETH C. WILLIFORD HQ AF RESERVE CIVIL ENGINEER 2853 CES/DEEE (TRAFFIC ENG) ATTN:DEPV (MRS. HOWARD-MARTINJACK1 2853 CES/DEEE ROBINS AFB, GA 31098 ROBINS AFB, GA 31098-6001 ROBINS AFB, GA 31098

HON. ED BARKER MAYOR HON. ROY WATSON JR. DISTRICT 18 CITY OF WARNER ROBINS DISTRICT 114 P.O. BOX 5036 P.O. BOI 1488 P.O. BOX 1905 WARNER ROBINS, GA 31099 WARNER ROBINS, GA 31099 WARNER ROBINS, GA 31099

DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS STREET SUPERINTENDENT TRAFFIC ENGINEER CITY OF WARNER ROBINS CITY OF WARNER ROBINS CITY OF WARNER ROBINS P. O. BOI 1488 P. O. BOI 1488 P.O. BOX 1488 WARNER ROBINS, GA 31099 WARNER ROBINS, GA 31099 WARNER ROBBINS, GA 31099

JIM TONN HERBERT HOLSTON DON BUMPHRIES ASS'T EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR AAA DIRECTOR CITY OF MACON MIDDLE GEORGIA APDC MIDDLE GEORGIA APDC TRAFFIC ENG. DIV. 600 GRAND BLDG. 600 GRAND BLDG. 1103 SOUTHERN TRUST BLDG, MACON, GA 31201 MACON, GA 31201 MACON, GA 31201 MR. CHARLES HOWELL BON. DAVID LUCAS EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR CLIFFORD HOWARD DISTRICT 102 MIDDLE GEORGIA APDC BIBB COUNTY ENG. DEPT. 448 WOOLFOLK ST. 711 GRAND BUILDING BIBB CO. COURTHOUSE MACON, GA 31201 MACON, GA 31201 MACON, GA 31201

ALICE L. ROBERTS MAYNARD WYNN ECONOMIC 1< COMMUNITY HON. DENMARK GROOVER BIBB CO. ENGINEERING DEPT. DEVELOPMENT DEPT. DISTRICT 99 BIBB CO. COURTHOUSE 713 SOUTHERN TRUST BUILDING P.O. BOX 755 MACON, GA 31201 MACON, GA 31201 MACON, GA 31202

LINDA HAMPTON GEORGE LEE SERVICES DIRECTOR CENTRAL GEORGIA AREA OFFICE HON. WILLIAM RANDALL OLDER AMERICANS COUNCIL OF GEORGIA TECH DISTRICT 101 MIDDLE GEORGIA 1818 FORSYTH ST. P.O. 801 121 P.O. BOI 6766 SUITE 105 P.O. BOI 5105 MACON, GA 31202 MACON, GA 31208 MACON, GA 31208

RON. J. ROY ROWLAND HON. FRANK PINKSTON HON. FLOYD M. BUFORD JR. US REP 8TH DIST DISTRICT 100 DISTRICT 103 P. 0. BO! 6258 P. O. BOX 4872 P. O. BOX 13183 MACON, GA 31208 MACON, GA 31208 MACON, GA 31208-3183

WALTER R. CENTER SGT. ALLEN BUSBEE OPERATIONS OFFICER BIBB CO. SHERIFF DEPT. BIBB COUNTY MAYOR 728 WIMBISH ROAD 4520 KNIGHT RD. P.O. BOI 247 MACON, GA 31210 MACON, GA 31210 MACON, GA 31298

TERRY A. REICH TRAFFIC SIGNAL SUPV. STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY OF MACON CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOX 247 BOX 247 P.O. BOX 247 MACON, GA 31298 MACON, GA 31298 MACON, GA 31298

ION. TOMMY C. OLMSTEAD CHAIRMAN DISTRICT 26 BIBB COUNTY COMM. BIBB COUNTY ENGINEER P. O. DI 5128 P.O. BOX 4708 P.O. BOI 4708 MACON, GA 31298 MACON, GA 31298 MACON, GA 31298

ASST. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT STEPHEN V. SKALKO MAYOR EFFINGHAM COUNTY BUREAU OF INSPNS. & FEES P.O. BOX 216 ROUTE 1 P. O. BOI 247 CITY HALL BOX 160 MACON, GA 31298 BLOOMINGDALE, GA 31302 CLIO, GA 31303

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MCINTOSH COUNTY CHIEF OF POLICE CHAIRMAN COURTHOUSE CITY OF DARIEN McINTOSH CO. COMM. P. 0. BOX 584 P.O. BOX 452 P.O. BOX 584 DARIEN, GA 31305 DARIEN, GA 31305 DARIEN, GA 31305

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOX 513 P.O. BOX 513 CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CITY HALL CITY BALL P.O. BOX 81 DARIEN, GA 31305 DARIEN, GA 31305 HINESVILLE, GA 31313

CHAIRMAN COUNTY ENGINEER LIBERTY CO. COMM. LIBERTY COUNTY PUBLIC WORKS SUPT, COUNTY COURTHOUSE P. O. BOX 81 115 E. SOUTH STREET P. O. 801 81 HINESVILLE, GA 31313 HINESVILLE, GA 31313 HINESVILLE, GA 31313 JOSEPH CANNON MAYOR HON. GLENN BRYANT STREET SUPERVISOR 115 E. SOUTH ST. DISTRICT 3 PUBLIC WORKS CITY HALL P.O. BOX 585 613 E.G. MILES PKWY HINESVILLE, GA 31313 HINESVILLE, GA 31313 HINESVILLE, GA 31313

COMMANDER COMMANDER 24TH INFANTRY DIVISION (M) DIRECTOR OF ENGR i SOUSING COMMANDER 1 FORT STEWART ATTN: AFZP-DR DIRECTOR OF ENGR i HOUSING ATTN: AFZP-FEE FORT STEWART, GA 31313 HUNTER ARMY AIRFIELD, GA 31313 FORT STEWART, GA 31314

COMMANDER CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN 24TH INFANTRY DIVISION (MECH) COURTHOUSE LONG COUNTY COMM. ATTN: AFZP-DER-PM (MR. SANCHEZ) P. O. BOX 476 P.O. BOX 476 FORT STEWART, GA 31314-5000 LUDOWICI, GA 31316 LUDOWICI, GA 31316

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT BRYAN COUNTY P. O. BOX 800 P. O. BOX 800 P. O. BOX 428 LUDOWICI, GA 31316 LUDOWICI, GA 31316 PEMBROKE, GA 31321

CHAIRMAN CHIEF OF POLICE BRYAN COUNTY COMM. PEMBROKE P.D. MAYOR P. O. BOX 428 P.O. BOX 128 P.O. BOX 128 PEMBROKE, GA 31321 PEMBROKE, GA 31321 PEMBROKE, GA 31321

PRATT LOCKWOOD DIRECTOR REX SMITH CITY ENGINEER SENIOR CITIZEN 1 RECREATION CITY OF PEMBROKE P.O. BOX 128 BRYAN COUNTY P. O. BOX 38 PEMBROKE, GA 31321 PEMBROKE, GA 31321 PEMBROKE, GA 31321

DIR. OF PUBLIC WORKS MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY OF POOLER CITY OF POOLER CITY OF POOLER 103 SOUTH ROGERS ST 103 SOUTH ROGERS ST 103 SOUTH ROGERS ST POOLER, GA 31322 POOLER, GA 31322 POOLER, GA 31322

DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS CITY OF RICEBORO MAYOR MAYOR P.O. BOX 414 P. O. BOX 246 P. O. BOI 250 RICEBORO, GA 31323 RICEBORO, GA 31323 RICHMOND HILL, GA 31324

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT ROUTE 3 ROUTE 3 STREET SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOX 232 P.O. BOX 232 P. 0. BOX 250 CITY BALL CITY HALL RICHMOND HILL, Gi 31324 RINCON, GA 31326 RINCON, GA 31326

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT DANIEL CARPENTER P.O. BOX 128 P.O. BOI 128 CITY OF TYBEE ISLAND CITY HALL CITY HALL BOX 1303 TYBEE ISLAND, GA 31328 TYBEE ISLAND, GA 31328 TIBER ISLAND, GA 31328

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN EFFINGHAM COUNTY EFFINGHAM COUNTY COMM. COURTHOUSE COURTHOUSE MAYOR P. O. DOI 3D? P. O. BOX 307 P. O. BOX 1 SPRINGFIELD, GA 31329 SPRINGFIELD, GA 31329 SPRINGFIELD, GA 31329 BON. GEORGE CHANCE JR. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT STREET SUPERINTENDENT DISTRICT 129 MCINTOSH CO. P. O. BOI 1 P.O. BOX 373 ROUTEII SPRINGFIELD, GA 31329 SPRINGFIELD, GA 31329 DARIEN, GA 31331

HARRY DARBY HON. ROY ALLEN CHATHAM COUNTY ENGINEERS COUNTY ENGINEER DISTRICT 127 133 MONTGOMERY ST. COURTHOUSE 1406 LAW DR. ROOM 602 SAVANNAH, GA 31401 SAVANNAH, GA 31401 SAVANNAH, GA 31401

TED R. GAMMON MR. BILL LECHER GLYNN OWENS ASST. COUNTY ENGINEER ASST COUNTY ENGINEER CHATHAM COUNTY CHATHAM COUNTY CHATHAM COUNTY ENGINEERS' DEPT. 133 MONTGOMERY STREET 133 MONTGOMERY STREET 133 MONTGOMERTY ST. ROOM 602 ROOM 602 SAVANNAH, GA 31401 SAVANNAH, GA 31401 SAVANNAH, GA 31401

MICHAEL JOYNER MR. BILLY JONES VEIL MAINTENANCE DIR. CHAIRMAN ASST. FACILITIES MAW. DIR. CITY OF SAVANNAH CHATHAM CO. COMM. CITY OF SAVANNAH 1100 W. GWINNETT ST. P. O. BOI 8161 PO BOI 1027 SAVANNAH, GA 31402 SAVANNAH, GA 31402 SAVANNAH, GA 31402

RUFUS K. BRYANT MATILDA SHKIZBNKO CITY OF SAVANNAH CITY OF SAVANNAH CITY ENGINEER P. O. BOX 1027 P. O. 801 1027 GAMBLE BUILDING GAMBLE BUILDING ENGINEERING DEPT. P.O. BOX 1027 SAVANNAH, GA 31402 SAVANNAH, GA 31402 SAVANNAH, GA 31402

ROGER HENZE SENIOR PLANNER FREEMAN CROSS JR. CHATHAM COUNTY DIR. OP PORT PLANNING US ARMY ENGR DIST--SAVANNAH 2 EAST BAY STREET AND HARBOR DEVELOPMENT P. O. ROI 889 P.O. BOI 102? P.O. BOI 2406 SAVANNAH, GA 31402 SAVANNAH, GA 31402 SAVANNAH, GA 31402

LARRY BAREMORE ASS'T TRAFFIC ENGINEER JOHN N. GOULD STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY OF SAVANNAH 630 W. HOUNDRY ST. P.O. BOI 1027 P.O. BOI 1027 SAVANNAH, GA 31402 SAVANNAH, GA 31402-1027 SAVANNAH, GA 31402

. TRI PLETT MAYOR CITY MANAGER DISTRICT 128 P.O. BOI 1027 P.O. BOI 1027 P.O. BOI 9586 SAVANNAH, GA 31402-1027 SAVANNAH, GA 31402-102? SAVANNAH, GA 31402

HON. ALBERT SCOTT HON. TOM COLEMAN MAYOR DISTRICT 2 DISTRICT 1 2702 MECHANICS AVE. P.O. BOI 1704 P.O. BOX 22398 CITY HALL SAVANNAH, GA 31402 SAVANNAH, GA 31403 THUNDERBOLT, GA 31404

LARRY EDENS SAVANNAH AREA OFFICE STREET SUPERINTENDENT HON. DEWAYNE HAMILTON GEORGIA TECH 2702 MECHANICS AVE. DISTRICT 124 6606 ABERCORN ST. CITY HALL P.O. BOX 14562 P.O. BOX 13817 THUNDERBOLT, GA 31404 SAVANNAH, GA 31406 SAVANNAH, GA 31406

HON. JACK KINGSTON DIRECTOR MAYOR DISTRICT 125 CHATHAM COUNTY PUBLIC WORKS P.O. BOX 4086 30 WYLLY AVE. P.O. BOX 13236 CITY HALL SAVANNAH, GA 31406 SAVANNAH, GA 31406 PORT WENTWORTH, GA 31407 HON. LINDSEY THOMAS HON. IAMBS L. PANNELL 1ST DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE HON. DIANE JOHNSON DISTRICT 122 ROOM 240 DISTRICT 123 P.O. BOX 10186 OLD POST OFFICE BLDG. P.O. BOI 5544 SAVANNAH, GA 31412 SAVANNAH, GA 31412 SAVANNAH, GA 31414

MAYOR HON. ANNE MUELLER CITY HALL CITY ADMINISTRATOR DISTRICT 126 P. O. BOX 7548 P.O. BOI 7548 13013 HERMITAGE RD. GARDEN CITY, GA 31418-?548 GARDEN CITY, GA 31118-7548 SAVANNAH, GA 31419

CHAIRMAN CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT WARE COUNTY COMM. CITY ENGINEER COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 99 P. O. BOX 1069 P. 0. BOX 1069 WAYCROSS, GA 31501 WAYCROSS, GA 31501 WAYCROSS, GA 31501

HON. TOM CROSBY JR. HON. HARRY DIXON KENNETH HAYES DISTRICT 150 DISTRICT 151 SOUTHEAST GA APDC 705 WACONA DR. 1303 CORAL RD. 3243 HARRIS RD. WAYCROSS, GA 31501 WAYCROSS, GA 31501 WAYCROSS, GA 31501

JIMMY MCCALL BON. I. ROY ROWLAND AREA ENGINEER 8TH DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE WAYNE KILMARK GEORGIA DOT ROOM 116 WARE CO. PLANNING DEPT 104 NORTH NICHOLS ST. FEDERAL BUILDING 902 GROVE AVENUE WAYCROSS, GA 31501 WAYCROSS, GA 31501 WAYCROSS, GA 31501

P. W. DIRECTOR CHAIRMAN WARE COUNTY MANAGER WARE COUNTY WARE COUNTY COMMISSIONERS P.O. BOX 1069 ROUTE 1 BOX 24 COUNTY COURTHOUSE WAYCROSS, GA 31501 WAYCROSS, GA 31501 WAYCROSS, GA 31501

MR. NASH WILLIAMS EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR TRAFFIC ENGINEER STREET SUPT. SOUTHEAST GEORGIA APDC CITY OF WAYCROSS CITY OF WAYCROSS P.O. BOX 2049 P.O. DRAWER 198 P. O. BOI 99 WAYCROSS, GA 31501 WAYCROSS, GA 31502 WAYCROSS, GA 31502

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CITY MANAGER MAYOR COURTHOUSE P.O. DRAWER 198 P.O. DRAWER 99 P. O. BOI 356 WAYCROSS, GA 31502 WAYCROSS, GA 31502 ALMA, GA 31510

CHAIRMAN BACON CO. COMM. MAYOR HON. TOMMY SMITH COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 429 DISTRICT 152 P. O. BOX 356 CITY HALL ROUTE 1 ALMA, GA 31510 ALMA, GA 31510 ALMA, GA 31510

CITY MANAGER MARSHA BLISS CITY OF ALMA STREET SUPERINTENDENT ALTAMAHA GA SOUTHERN APDC P.O. ROI 429 P.O. BOI 180 P.O. BOI 328 ALMA, GA 31510 BAILEY, GA 31513 BAILEY, GA 31513

CHAIRMAN ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR APPLING CO. COMM. APPLING CO. COMM. - '80 100 OAK STREET 100 OAK STREET CITY HALL BAILEY, GA 31513 BAILEY, 7: - BAILEY, GA 31513 MR. TED FORTINO EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT HON. LUNSFORD MOODY ALTAMAHA GA. P.O. BOX 180 DISTRICT 153 POST 1 SOUTHERN APDC CITY HALL ROUTE 1 BOX 205 P.O. BOX 328 BAILEY, GA 31513 BAILEY, GA 31513 BAILEY, GA 31513

CHAIRMAN PIERCE CO. COMM. MAYOR CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 268 P. O. BOX 679 P. O. BOX 679 CITY HALL BLACKSHEAR, GA 31516 BLACKSHEAR, GA 31516 BLACKSHEAR, GA 31516

STREET SUPERINTENDENT BILLY K. YOUMANS P.O. BOI 268 LEON D. WALKER CITY OF BLACKSHEAR CITY HALL PIERCE COUNTY ROAD DEPT. P. O. BOX 268 BLACKSHEAR, GA 31516 BLACKSHEAR, GA 31516 BLACKSHEAR, GA 31516

JIMMY HORTON TRAFFIC SAFETY ENG. V. C. BESSING GLYNN CO. P.N. GLYNN CO. P.N. MAYOR NORWICH ST. EXT. NORWICH ST, EXT. BRUTON, GA 31519 BRUNSWICK, GA 31520 BRUNSWICK, GA 31520

HON. WILLOU SMITH ED STELLE DISTRICT 156 COUNTY ENGINEER COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT 10 ST. ANDREWS COURT 1803 GLOUCESTER ST. 1803 GLOVCESTER ST. RIVERFRONT PLAZA BRUNSWICK, GA 31520 BRUNSWICK, GA 31520 BRUNSWICK, GA 31520

MR. GEORGE RIVERS GA. TECH RESEARCH INST. ELLEN CHAMPOUX REGIONAL OFFICE PROGRAMS COORDINATOR HON. VIRGINIA P. RAMSEY ZELL BUILDING-OFFICE 5 VOLUNTEER ASSISTANCE LEAGUE DISTRICT 155 502 GLOUCESTER STREET 1326 UNION STREET 393 LAKE CIRCLE DRIVE BRUNSWICK, GA 31520 BRUNSWICK, GA 31520 BRUNSWICK, GA 31520

B. E. GRINER LEE H. SPELL DISTRICT PROGRAM MANAGER GLYNN COUNTY CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOX 1219 4145 NORWICH ST. P.O. BOX 550 BRUNSWICK, GA 3I520 BRUNSWICK, GA 31520 BRUNSWICK, GA 31520

DAVID KYLER MAYOR DICK NEWBERN REGIONAL PLANNER CITY HALL COASTAL APDC COASTAL APDC 624 UNION STREET P.O. BOX 1917 P. 0, BOX 1917 BRUNSWICK, GA 31520 BRUNSWICK, GA 31521 BRUNSWICK, GA 31521

MARA SHAW KEN KENT PROJ. DEV. SPECIALIST PROJ. DEV, SPECIALIST CHAIRMAN COASTAL APDC COASTAL APDC GLYNN COUNTY COMMISSION P. O. BOX 1917 P. O. BOX 1917 P.O. BOX 879 BRUNSWICK, GA 31521 BRUNSWICK, GA 31521 BRUNSWICK, GA 31521

GERALDINE KENNEDY BRUCE ELIAS SERVICES COORDINATOR TRANSPORTATION PLANNER COUNTY PLANNING DEPT. COASTAL GEORGIA APDC COASTAL GEORGIA APDC P.O. BOX 1495 P.O. BOX 1917 P.O. BOX 1917 BRUNSWICK, GA 31521 BRUNSWICK, GA 31521 BRUNSWICK, GA 31521

MR. VERNON MARTIN MARRIA TUTTLE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR GOLDEN ISLES COASTAL APDC BICYCLE CLUB CITY ENGINEER P.O. DRAWER 1917 ROUTE 9 P.O. BOX 287 P.O. BOX 470 BRUNSWICK, GA 31521 ST, SIMONS IS., GA 31522 DOUGLAS, GA 31533 SHERMAN DUDLEY JOHN SWEAT HON. WALTER S. RAY SE GEORGIA AREA OFFICE ASS'T CHIEF OF POLICE DISTRICT 19 405 N. PETERSON AVE. DOUGLAS POLICE DEPT. P.O. BOX 295 P.O. BOX 1244 225 W. BRYAN ST. DOUGLAS, GA 31533 DOUGLAS, GA 31533 DOUGLAS, GA 31533

DALE BATTEN CHAIRMAN GRANTS ADM. CHAIRMAN BRANTLEY CO. COMM. CITY OF DOUGLAS COFFEE CO. COMM. COUNTY COURTHOUSE P. O. BOX 248 COUNTY COURTHOUSE NAHUNTA, GA 31533 DOUGLAS, GA 31533 DOUGLAS, GA 31533

PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR COFFEE CO. COMM. COFFEE COUNTY P.O. DRAWER 470 COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY HALL DOUGLAS, GA 31533 DOUGLAS, GA 31533 DOUGLAS, GA 31533

CHAIRMAN CHARLTON CO. COMM. COUNTY ENGINEER MAYOR 100 3RD STREET 100 THIRD. STREET 103 N. FIRST STREET FOLESTON, GA 31537 FOLESTON, GA 31537 FOLESTON, GA 31537

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT JEFF DAVIS COUNTY CHIEF OF POLICE STREET SUPERINTENDENT COURTHOUSE HAZLEHURST P.D. 103 N. FIRST STREET P. O. BOX 602 132 LATIMER ST. FOLKSTON, GA 31537 RAZLEHURST, GA 31539 HAZLEHURST, GA 31539

CHAIRMAN MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT JEFF DAVIS COMM. P.O. BOX 396 P.O. BOX 396 COUNTY COURTHOUSE BOX 602 CITY HALL HAZLEHURST, GA 31539 RAZLEHURST, GA 31539 HAZLEHURST, GA 31539

HON. ROGER BYRD DAVID HUGHES DISTRICT 153 POST 2 CITY OF HAZLEHURST MAYOR P. O. BOX 756 132 LATIMER STREET P. O. BOX 236 HAZLEHURST, GA 31539 HAZLEHURST, GA 31539 HOBOKEN, GA 31542

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MARTHA BURNS WAYNE COUNTY JAMIE E. CRISP DIRECTOR COURTHOUSE GEORGIA DOT WAYNE CO. DAY CARE CENTER P. O. BOX 217 P. O. BOX 603 P.O. BOX 1163 JESUP, GA 31545 JESUP, GA 31545 JESUP, GA 31545

ELIZABETH PEACH MR. JUAN DURRANCE COMMUNITY COORDINATOR DISTRICT ENGINEER STREET SUPERINTENDENT WAYNE CO. CAC GDOT DISTRICT 5 P.O. BOX 427 P.O. BOX 59 GENERAL DELIVERY JESUP, GA 31545 JESUP, GA 31545 JESUP, GA 31545

DIXIE EDEN CHAIRMAN HARRY LEWIS DIRECTOR WAYNE CO. COMM. GDOT DISTRICT 5 WAYNE CO. SERVICE CTR. COUNTY COURTHOUSE GENERAL DELIVERY ROUTE 1 BOX 47 P. O. BOX 217 JESUP, GA 31545 JESUP, GA 31545 JESUP, GA 31545

COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR WAYNE CO. MAYOR HON. LINDSEY THOMAS COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 427 1ST DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE P. O. BOX 217 CITY HALL P. O. BOX 767 JESUP, GA 31545 JESUP, GA 31545 JESUP. GA 31645 CITY MANAGER P.O. BOX 427 MR. KENNY GESTON CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CITY HALL P.O. BOX 1063 COURTHOUSE JESUP, GA 31545 JESUP, GA 31545 HOMER, GA 31547

COMMANDER COMMANDING OFFICER NAVAL SUBMARINE BASE NAVAL SUBMARINE BASE MAYOR PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEERING CIVIL ENGR I PLANNING BRANCH P.O. BOX 250 CODE 002 ATTN: CODE N521 CITY HALL KINGS BAY, GA 31547 KINGS BAY, GA 31547 KINGSLAND, GA 31548

CITY ENGINEER DIR. OF PUBLIC WORKS CITY ADMINISTRATOR CITY OF KINGSLAND P. O. BOX 250 P. O. BOX 250 P. O. BOX 250 KINGSLAND, GA 31548 KINGSLAND, GA 31548 KINGSLAND, GA 31548

CHAIRMAN CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT BRANTLEY COUNTY COMM. BRANTLEY COUNTY COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE MAYOR P. O. BOI 398 P. O. BOX 398 P.O. BOX 156 NAHUNTA, GA 31553 NAHUNTA, GA 31553 NAHUNTA, GA 31553

J. S. SRUPTRINE COUNCILMAN CITY MANAGER MAYOR CITY OF ODUM P.O. BOX 156 P. O. BOX 1808 OX 3 NAHUNTA, GA 31553 ODUM, GA 31555 ODUM, GA 31 555

CITY MANAGER MAYOR CITY ENGINEER CITY OF ST. MARYS P. 0. BOX 434 418 OSBORNE ST. 418 OSBORNE ST. PATTERSON, GA. 31557 ST, MARYS, GA 31558 ST. MARYS, GA 31558

SUPT. PUBLIC WORKS MAYOR CITY OF ST. MARYS 418 OSBORNE MAYOR 418 OSBORNE ST. CITY HALL P.O. BOX 245 ST. MARYS, GA 31558 ST. MARYS, GA 31558 SCREVEN, GA 31560

CHAIRMAN HON. IAMBS MOORE CAMDEN CO. COMM. CITY MANAGER DISTRICT 139 COUNTY COURTHOUSE P. O. BOI 146 ROUTE 2 P. O. BOX 99 SCREVEN, GA 31560 WEST GREEN, GA 31567 WOODBINE, GA 31569

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR COUNTY ENGINEER COUNTY COURTHOUSE P. O. BOX 26 P.O. BOX 1349 WOODBINE, GA 31569 WOODBINE, GA 31569 VALDOSTA, GA 31601

GRAYSON POWELL JR. WALTER WACTER SOUTH GA. AREA CHIEF DEPUTY PLANNING & DEV, COMM. LOWNDES CO. SHERIFF CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOX 1223 111 ROSWELL DR. P.O. BOX 1125 VALDOSTA, GA 31601 VALDOSTA, GA 31601 VALDOSTA, GA 31601

VICKIE ELLIOTT CHAIRMAN CITY MANAGER COMM. SERVICES COORDINATOR LOUNDES CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 11Z5 P.O. BOX 1645 BOX 1349 VALDOSTA, GA 31601 VALDOSTA, GA 31601 VALDOSTA, GA 31601 HON. CHARLES HATCHER PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR COUNTY MANAGER 2ND DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE LOURDES CO. COMM. LOURDES CO, COMM. 401 N. PATTERSON BOI 1349 BOX 1348 ROOM 211 VALDOSTA, GA 31601 VALDOSTA, GA 31601 VALDOSTA, GA 31601

MR. HAL DAVIS MAYOR RON, JAMES BECK EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR P.O. BOX 1125 DISTRICT 148 SOUTH GEORGIA APDC CITY HALL 2427 WESTWOOD DR. P.O. BOX 1223 VALDOSTA, GA 31601 VALDOSTA, GA 31601 VALDOSTA, GA 31601

JOHN LAWSON MARTY LEFILES HON. LOYCE TURNER TRANSPORTATION PLANNER COMPTROLLER DISTRICT 8 SOUTH GEORGIA APDC SOUTH GEORGIA APDC 608 HOWELLBROOK DR. P.O. BOX 1223 P.O. BOX 1223 VALDOSTA, GA 31602 VALDOSTA, GA 31603 VALDOSTA, GA 31603

CHAIRMAN PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT COOK CO. COMM. COOK CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 409 COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE ADEL, GA 31620 ADEL, GA 31620 ADEL, GA 31620

WAYNE GIDDENS CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR ASSISTANT PUBLIC WORKS COOK COUNTY P.O. BOX 658 CITY OF ADEL COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY BALL P.O. BOX 658 ADEL, GA 31620 ADEL, GA 31620 ADEL, GA 31620

CITY MANAGER C. R. TAYLOR CITY OF ADEL BROOKS CO. COMMISSIONERS P.O. BOX 658 MAYOR BOX 272 ADEL, GA 31620 ALAPAHA, GA 31622 QUITMAN, GA 31629

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER MAYOR 102 SOUTH CHURCH ST. CITY OF HAHIRA P. O. BOX 24 CITY HALL 102 S. CHURCH ST.

DUPONT, GA 31630 RAHIRA, GA 31632 HAHIRA, GA 31632 .

CHAIRMAN STREET SUPERINTENDENT CLINCH CO. COMM. CO. ROAD FOREMAN 200 W. DAME AVENUE 100 COURTHOUSE SQUARE 100 COURTHOUSE SQUARE HOMERVILLE, GA 31634 HOMERVILLE, GA 31634 HOMERVILLE, GA 31634

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR CITY MANAGER LANIRR COUNTY 200 WEST DAME AVE. 200 WEST DAME AVE. COURTHOUSE CITY HALL CITY HALL 100 MAIN STREET HOMERVILLE, GA 31634 SOMERVILLE, GA 31634 LAKELAND, GA 31635

CHAIRMAN LANIRR COUNTY COMM. MAYOR CITY FOREMAN COUNTY COURTHOUSE 122 S. VALDOSTA RD. 122 S. VALDOSTA RD, 100 MAIN STREET CITY HALL CITY BALL LAKELAND, GA 31635 LAKELAND, GA 31635 LAKELAND, GA 31635

GRADY BRYAN JR. HON. ROBERT PATTRN TRAFFIC SIGNAL TECH. DISTRICT 149 MAYOR GA. DOT ROUTE 1 BOI 180 P. O. BOX 251 ET 1 BOX 1 LAKELAND, GA 31635 LAKE PARK, GA 31636 LENOI, GA 31639 MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOX 250 P.O, BOX 250 STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY HALL CITY HALL P.O. BOX 495 KORVEN, GA 31638 MORVEN, GA 31638 NASHVILLE, GA 31639

EVELYN BALDREE CHAIRMAN CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT COMMUNITY SERVICE BERRIEN CO. COMM. BERRIEN COUNTY 266 NORTH DAVIS P.O. BOX 446 COUNTY COURTHOUSE NASHVILLE, GA 31639 NASHVILLE, GA 31639 NASHVILLE, GA 31639

MAYOR HON. HANSON CARTER HON. ED PERRY P.O. BOX 495 DISTRICT 146 DISTRICT 7 CITY HALL 808 RIVER ROAD P. O. BOX 925 NASHVILLE, GA 31639 NASHVILLE, GA 31639 NASHVILLE, GA 31639

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR ATKINSON COUNTY ATKINSON CO. COMM. ATKINSON CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 518 COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE PEARSON, GA 31642 PEARSON, GA 31642 PEARSON, GA 31642

MAYOR CITY ENGINEER P.O. BOX 295 P.O. BOI 295 STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY HALL CITY HALL P.O. BOX 208 PEARSON, GA 31642 PEARSON, GA 31642 QUITMAN, GA 31643

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN MAYOR BROOKS COUNTY BROOKS CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 208 COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY HALL QUITMAN, GA 31643 QUITMAN, GA 31643 QUITMAN, GA 31643

HON. HENRY REAVES DISTRICT 147 JOHN H. HUFFMASTER MAYOR ROUTE 2 BOX 83 BROOKS COUNTY ROAD DEPT. P.O. BOX 128 QUITMAN, GA 31643 QUITMAN, GA 31643 RAY CITY, GA 31645

STREET SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOX 128 MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT RAY CITY, GA 31645 SPARKS, GA 31647 SPARKS, GA 31647

CO. ROAD FOREMAN CHAIRMAN ECHOLS COUNTY ECHOLS COUNTY COMM. P. 0. BOX 190 P. O. BOX 190 MAYOR STATENVILLE, GA 31648 STATENSVILLE, GA 31648 WILLACOOCHEE, GA 31650

BOB ALEXANDER DIR. OF TRAFFIC ENG. CITY OF ALBANY STREET SUPERINTENDENT 347 CSG/DEE (TRAFFIC ENGR} P. O. BOX 447 WILLACOOCHEE, GA 31650 MOODY AFB, GA 31699-5000 ALBANY, GA 31701

STUART NORM REGIONAL MANAGER HON. MARY YOUNG CUMMINGS BILL BRADLEY BCH CONVERSE DISTRICT 134 CITY OF ALBANY 101 1/2 S. JACKSON ST. 307 WHITNEY AVE. P. O. BOX 447 ALBANY, GA 31701 ALBANY, GA 31701 ALBANY, GA 31702 HON. CHARLES HATCHER US REP 2ND DIST 225 PINE AVE CITY ENGINEER MAYOR ROOM 201 P.O. BOX 447 P.O. BOX 447 P. O. BOX 1932 ALBANY, GA 31702 ALBANY, GA 31702 ALBANY, GA 31702

JIM JARDINE TRANSPORTATION PLANNER DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS CHAIRMAN ALBANY METRO PLANNING COMM. DOUGHERTY COUNTY DOUGHERTY CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 1827 P.O. BOX 1827 BOX 1827 ALBANY, GA 31702 ALBANY, GA 31702 ALBANY, GA 31702

COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR HON. TOMMY CHAMBLESS HON. KARI TAYLOR DOUGHERTY CO. COMM. DISTRICT 133 DISTRICT 12 BOI 1827 P.O. BOX 2008 P.O. BOX 1156 ALBANY, GA 31702 ALBANY, GA 31703-2001 ALBANY, GA 31703

FRANK L. DAVIS RANDY CASSAGRANDE MR. DENT RIEVES TRAFFIC ENG. DEPT. CITY OF ALBANY P.O. BOX 44? P.O. BOX 447 P.O. BOX 447 ALBANY, GA 31703 ALBANY, GA 31703 ALBANY, GA 31703

WALTER Y. RHYNE COMMANDING OFFICER HON. JOHN WHITE TRAFFIC EKG. DEPT. MARINE CORPS LOGISTICS BASE DISTRICT 132 P. O. BOX 447 P. O. BOX 118 P.O. BOX 3506 ALBANY, GA 31703 ALBANY, GA 31704 ALBANY, GA 31706

DONNA LAUE EDWARD HARDISON III PROGRAM MONITOR SW GEORGIA AREA OFFICE SOWEGA COUNCIL ON AGING GEORGIA TECH COUNTY ENGINEER 1410 OAKRIDGE DRIVE 2402 DAWSON RD. SUITE 4 P. O. BOX 295 ALBANY, GA 31706 DAWSON, GA 31707 AMERICUS, GA 31709

ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CITY ENGINEER STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOX 295 P.O. BOX K AMERICUS, GA 31709 AMERICUS, GA 31709 AMERICUS, GA 31709

CHAIRMAN SUMTER CO, COMM. MAYOR ROC GEORGE ROOKS COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX if DISTRICT 116 ROI 295 CITY HALL P.O. BOX 928 AMERICUS, GA 31709 AMERICUS, GA 31709 AMERICUS, GA 31709

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR P.O. BOX 35 P.O. BOX 35 P. O. BOX 157 ANDERSONVILLE, GA 31711 ANDERSONVILLE, GA 31711 ARABI, GA 31709

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT STREET SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOX 126 P.O. BOX 126 P. O. BOX 175 CITY HALL CITY HALL ARABI, GA 31 709 ARLINGTON, GA 31713 ARLINGTON, GA 31713

JAMES DAVIS CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT ASS? CHIEF TURNER COUNTY ASHBURN POLICE DEPT. CITY ENGINEER P. O. BOX 119 BAST MONROE AVE. P.O. BOX 766 ASHBURN, GA 31714 ASHBURN, GA 31714 ASHBURN, GA 31714 CHAIRMAN PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR TURNER CO. COMM. TURNER COUNTY MAYOR COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 766 P. O. BOX 191 P. O. BOX 191 CITY BALL ASHBURN, GA 31714 ASHBURN, GA 31714 ASHBURN, GA 31714

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR P. O. BOX 99 P. O. BOX 99 P. O. BOI 7 ATTAPULGUS, GA 31715 ATTAPULGUS, GA 31715 BACONTON, GA 31716

COUNTY ENGINEER DECATUR COUNTY STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY ENGINEER COURTHOUSE P. O. BOX 7 P.O. BOX 158 P. O. BOX 735 BACONTON, GA 31716 BAINBRIDGE, GA 31717 BAINBRIDGE, GA 31717

CHAIRMAN DECATUR CO. COMM. MAYOR BON. WALTER COI COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 158 DISTRICT 141 P. O. BOX 735 CITY HALL 202 NEST ST. BAINBRIDGE, GA 31717 BAINBRIDGE, GA 31717 BAINBRIDGE, GA 31717

JAMES F. TYSON SR. DEPUTY WARDEN CORRECTIONAL INST. CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT DECATUR COUNTY STREET SUPERINTENDENT EARLY COUNTY ROUTE #3 BOX 1218 P.O. BOX 350 P.O. BOX 525 BAINBRIDGE, GA 31717 BLAKELY, GA 31723 BLAKELY, GA 31723

CHAIRMAN COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR MAYOR EARLY CO. COMM. EARLY COUNTY P.O. BOX 350 COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY HALL BLAKELY, GA 31723 BLAKELY, GA 31723 BLAKELY, GA 31723

HON. RALPH BALICOM BON. JIMMY TIMMONS CITY ENGINEER DISTRICT 140 DISTRICT 11 CITY OF BLAKELY ROUTE 1 132 S WOODLAWN ST P.O. BOX 350 BLAKELY, GA 31723 BLAKELY, GA 31723 BLAKELY, GA 31723

MAYOR MAYOR P.O. BOX 603 MAYOR BLUFFTON, GA 31724 BRINSON, GA 31725 BRONWOOD, GA 31726

COUNTY ADMINISTRATOR PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR GRADY COUNTY GRADY COUNTY STREET SUPERINTENDENT 250 N. BROAD STREET PELBAM HIGHWAY P.O. BOX 29 P.O. BOX 7 CAIRO, GA 31728 CAIRO, GA 31728 CAIRO, GA 31728

CHAIRMAN COUNTY ROAD SUPERINTENDENT GRADY CO. COMM. GRADY COUNTY COUNTY COURTHOUSE MAYOR 250 N. BROAD STREET 250 N. BROAD STREET P.O. BOX 29 P.O. BOX 7 P. O. BOX 7 CITY HALL CAIRO, GA 31728 CAIRO, GA 31728 CAIRO, GA 31728

HON. HAROLD J. RAGAN STREET SUPERINTENDENT HON. BOBBY LONG DISTRICT 10 P.O. BOX 29 DISTRICT 142 1296 CRIME BLVD. NW CITY HALL 1466 6TH ST. NW CAIRO, GA 31728 CAIRO, GA 31728 CAIRO, GA 31728 CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MITCHELL COUNTY HON. A. RICHARD ROYAL COURTHOUSE JAMES W. DAVIS DISTRICT 144 P. O. BOI 187 RFD 12 20 N. SCOTT STREET CAMILLA, GA 31730 CAMILLA, GA 31730 CAMILLA, GA 31730

WILLIAM BARTON CHAIRMAN TRANSPORTATION PLANNER MITCHELL CO. COMM. SOUTHWEST GEORGIA APDC STREET SUPERINTENDENT COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 346 P.O. BOI 328 P. O. BOI 187 CAMILLA, GA 31730 CAMILLA, GA 31730 CAMILLA, GA 31730

PUBLIC VORIS DIRECTOR MS. CARROLL UNDERWOOD MITCHELL CO. MAYOR IIECUTIVE DIRECTOR COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. ROI 328 SOUTHWEST GEORGIA APDC P. O. BOY 191 CITY HALL P.O. BOI 346 CAMILLA, GA 31730 CAMILLA, GA 31730 CAMILLA, GA 31730

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MILLER MAYOR COURTHOUSE STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. O. DOI 7 155 S. FIRST STREET 154 E. COLLEGE STREET CLIMAX, GA 31734 COLQUITT, GA 31737 COLQUITT, GA 31737

CHAIRMAN MILLER CO. COMM. MAYOR HON. ALLEN SBERROD COUNTY COURTHOUSE 154 E. COLLEGE AVE. DISTRICT 143 155 S. FIRST STREET CITY HALL ROUTE 1 COLQUITT, GA 31737 COLQUITT, GA 31737 COOLIDGE, GA 31738

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN RANDOLPH COUNTY CITY ENGINEER RANDOLPH CO. COMM. COURTHOUSE P.O. 901 6 COUNTY COURTHOUSE CUTHBERT, GA 31740 CUTHBERT, GA 31740 CUTHBERT, GA 31740

MAYOR HON. GERALD GREENE CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOI 6 DISTRICT 130 TERRELL COUNTY CITY HALL RT. 3 BOI 119 COURTHOUSE CUTHBERT, GA 31740 CUTHBERT, GA 31740 DAWSON, GA 31742

DOROTHY WARD RON. ROBERT BANNER SR. TRANSPORTATION COORDINATOR CITY ENGINEER DISTRICT 131 433 SOUTH OAK STREET P.O. 801 190 P. O. BOI 310 DAWSON, GA 31742 DAWSON, GA 31742 DAWSON, GA 31742

TERRELL-LEE MENTAL CHAIRMAN PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR RETARDATION SER. CTR. TERRELL CO. COMM. TERRELL COUNTY 508 OAK STREET S.E. COUNTY COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE DAWSON, GA 31742 DAWSON, GA 31742 DAWSON, GA 31742

MAYOR CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT P.O. ROI 190 SEMINOLE COUNTY CITY ENGINEER CITY HALL P. O. BOX 458 P.O. 801 308 DAWSON, GA 31742 DONALSONVILLE, GA 31745 DONALSONVILLE, GA 31745

CHAIRMAN MAYOR SEMINOLE CO. COMM. P.O. 8011 308 P. O. 1301 458 CITY BALL MAYOR DONALSONVILLE, GA 31745 DONALSONVILLE, GA 31745 EDISON, GA 31746 CHAIRMAN CITY ENGINEER BEN HILL CO. COMM. MAYOR CITY HALL P.O. BOX 544 ENIGMA, GA 31749 FITZGERALD, GA 31750 FITZGERALD, GA

CD. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT BEN HILL COUNTY HON. PAUL BRANCH JR. COUNTY COURTHOUSE MAYOR DISTRICT 137 P. O. BOI 544 - .7,IPAL BLDG. ROUTE 4 BOX 499A FITZO":!:" - '0 FITZGERALD, GA 31750 FITZGERALD, GA 31750

CHAIRMAN CINDY ANDERSON CLAY COUNTY COMM. DIRECT SERVICES CORP. COUNTY COURTHOUSE MAYOR P.O. BOX 443 FORT GAINES, GA 31751 FORT GAINES, GA 31751 FORT GAINES, GA 31751

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CLAY COUNTY QUITMAN COUNTY COUNTY COURTHOUSE MAYOR COURTHOUSE FORT GAINES, GA 31751 FUNSTON, GA 31753 GEORGETOWN, GA 31754

CHAIRMAN QUITMAN CO. COMM. MAYOR COUNTY COURTHOUSE MAYOR P. O. BOX 234 GEORGETOWN, GA 31754 GEORGETOWN, GA 31754 IRON CITY, GA 31759

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN MAYOR LEE COUNTY LEE CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 200 P. O. BOX 56 BOX 56 LEARY, GA 31762 LEESBURG, GA 31763 LEESBURG, GA 31763

PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR LEE COUNTY MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOX 56 P. O. BOI 421 P. O. BOX 421 LEESBURG, GA 31763 LEESBURG, GA 31763 LEESBURG, GA 31763

CO. ROAD SUP ERINTENDENT MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT CALHOUN COUNTY P.O. BOI 278 P.O. BOX 278 COUNTY COURTHOUSE LESLIE, GA 31764 LESLIE, GA 31764 MORGAN, GA 31766

CHAIRMAN IRVIN BARNWELL CALHOUN COUNTY COMM. SPECIAL PROJECTS COORDINATOR COUNTY COURTHOUSE MAYOR P.O. BOI 1219 MORGAN, GA 31766 MORGAN, GA 31766 MOULTRIE, GA 31768

CHAIRMAN PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR COUNTY ENGINEER COLQUITT COUNTY CONK. COLQUITT COUNTY COLQUITT COUNTY P.O. BOX 517 P.O. BOX 517 P.O. BOX 1305 MOULTRIE, GA 31768 MOULTRIE, GA 31768 MOULTRIE, GA 31768

MAYOR HON. C. J. POWELL CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOX 250 DISTRICT 145 BAKER COUNTY CITY HALL P. O. BOX 2534 P. O. BOX 170 MOULTRIE, GA 31768 MOULTRIE, GA 31776-2534 NEWTON, GA 31770 CHAIRMAN PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR MAYOR BAKER COUNTY COMM. BAKER COUNTY MAIN STREET P. O. 801 170 P. O. BOX 170 CITY HALL NEWTON, GA 31770 NEWTON, GA 31770 NEWTON, GA 31770

STREET SUPERINTENDENT CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MAIN STREET STREET SUPERINTENDENT IRWIN COUNTY CITY HALL P.O. BOX 626 P. O. BOX 287 NEWTON, GA 31770 OCILLA, GA 31774 OCILLA, GA 31774

CHAIRMAN PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR MAYOR IRWIN CO. COMM. IRWIN COUNTY P.O. BOX 626 BOI 287 BOX 287 CITY HALL OCILLA, GA 31774 OCILLA, GA 31774 OCILLA, GA 31774

ERVIN CASTEBERRY Jr. CITY SUPT. ROAD KENT CITY OF OMEGA MAYOR CITY OF OMEGA P.O. BOX 6 P. O. BOI 135 P.O. BOX 6 OMEGA, GA 31775 OMEGA, GA 31775 OMEGA, GA 31775

CITY ENGINEER STREET SUPERINTENDENT CITY OP MOULTRIE CITY OF MOULTRIE SUPT. OF ROADS 1 BRIDGES P. O. BOI 580 P. O. BOX 580 P. O. BOX 511 MOULTRIE, GA 31776 MOULTRIE, GA 31776 MOULTRIE, GA 31776

HON. CHARLES HATCHER 2ND DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE STREET SUPERINTENDENT 404 N. BROAD STREET MAYOR P.O. BOI 362 ROOM 218 P.O. BOI 362 PELHAM, GA 31779 THOMASVILLE, GA 31799 PELHAM, GA 31779

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT MAYOR P.O. BOX 387 P.O. BOX 387 P. O. BOX 68 PLAINS, GA 31780 PLAINS, GA 31780 POULAN, GA 31781

MAYOR MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOX 67 P. O. BOX 160 P.O. BOX 368 SALE CITY, GA 31784 SMITHVILLE, GA 31787 SYLVESTER, GA 31791

CHIEF OF POLICE CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT CHAIRMAN SYLVESTER POLICE DEPT. WORTH COUNTY WORTH CO, COMM. P.O. BOI 368 COURTHOUSE COUNTY COURTHOUSE SYLVESTER, GA 31791 SYLVESTER, GA 31791 SYLVESTER, GA 31791

PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR MAYOR HON. EARLEEN SIZEMORE WORTH CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 368 DISTRICT 136 COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY HALL ROUTE 3 BOX 4/D SYLVESTER, GA 31791 SYLVESTER, GA 31791 SYLVESTER, GA 31791

DAVID MCKINNON GENE KIERCE CITY OF ALBANY CITY OF ALBANY CITY ENGINEER 1900 K. MONROE 1900 N. MONROE P. O. BOX 1540 ALBANY, GA 31791 ALBANY, GA 31791 THOMASVILLE, GA 31792 COUNTY ENGINEER CHAIRMAN MAYOR THOMAS COUNTY THOMAS CO. COMM. P. O. BOX 1540 P. O. BOX 920. COUNTY COURTHOUSE THOMASVILLE, GA 31792 THOMASVILLE, GA 31792 THOMASVILLE, GA 31792

MR. DONALD SENKBEIL DISTRICT ENGINEER MILDRED E. KEIGANS MRS CARLA BILLET GEORGIA DOT TRAINING OFFICER 710 WEST 2ND STREET 710 WEST 2ND STREET 710 WEST 2ND. ST. TIFTON, GA 31793 TIFTON, GA 31793 TIFTON, GA 31793

BETH McCONVILLE TIFT CO. PLANNING i COMM. DEVELOPMENT DIRECTOR OF PLANNING PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR TIFT CO. COMM. TIFT COUNTY TIFT COUNTY P.O. BOX 826 P.O. BOI 826 P. O. BOX 826 TIFTON, GA 31793 TIFTON, GA 31793 TIFTON, GA 31793

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT HON. HENRY BOSTICK TIFT COUNTY DISTRICT 138 STREET SUPERINTENDENT COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 94 P.O. BOI 229 P. O. BOX 826 TIFTON, GA 31793 TIFTON, GA 31794 TIFTON, GA 31794

CHAIRMAN CHAIRMAN TIFTON CITY COMM. TIFT CO. COMM. P.O. BOX 229 MAYOR P. O. BOX 82 CITY HALL P. O. BOX 6 TIFTON, GA 31794 TIFTON, GA 31794 WARWICK, GA 31796

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT MARION COUNTY CHAIRMAN MAYOR P. O. BOX 481 MARION COUNTY COMM. P. O. BOX 245 COURTHOUSE SQUARE P.O. BOX 481 WHIGHAM, GA 31797 BUENA VISTA, GA 31803 BUENA VISTA, GA 31803

CHAIRMAN P.O. BOX 217 MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT CHATTAHOOCHEE CO. COMM. P.O. BOI 384 P.O. BOX 384 BROAD STREET BUENA VISTA, GA 31803 BUENA VISTA, GA 31803 CUSSETA, GA 31805

MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOX 240 P.O. BOX 240 CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT BROAD STREET BROAD STREET P. O. BOX 352 CUSSBTA, GA 31805 CUSSBTA, GA 31805 ELLAVILLE, GA 31806

CHAIRMAN SCHLEY CO. CONN . CITY ENGINEER MAYOR P. O. BOX 35 2 P.O. BOX 829 P.O. BOX 829 COUNTY COURTHOUSE ELLAVILLE, GA 31806 ELLAVILLE, GA 31806 ELLAVILLE, GA 31806

MR. BOBBY LOWE CHAIRMAN CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR P.O. BOY 365 HARRIS COUNTY MIDDLE FLINT APDC HARRIS CO. COMM. COUNTY COURTHOUSE P.O. BOX 6 COUNTY COURTHOUSE P. O. BOX 365 ELLAVILLE, GA 31806 HAMILTON, GA 31811 HAMILTON, GA 31811

COUNTY MANAGER MAYOR HARRIS COUNTY MAYOR TOWN OF JUNCTION CITY PO BOX 365 P.O. BOX 112 BOX 125 HAMILTON, GA 31811 HAMILTON, GA 31811 JUNCTION CITY, GA 31812 CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT COURTHOUSE MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P. O. BOX 157 P.O. BOX 278 P.O. BOX 278 LUMPKIN, GA 31815 LUMPUR, GA 31815-0278 LUMPKIN, GA 31815-0278

ANNA STARK SITE MANAGER SENIOR CITIZEN CENTER CHAIRMAN MAYOR STEWART COUNTY STEWART COUNTY COMM. 122 SECOND STREET P.O. BOX 1097 COUNTY COURTHOUSE CITY HALL LUMPKIN, GA 31815 LUMPKIN, GA 31815 MANCHESTER, GA 31816

STREET SUPT. HON. LEONARD R. MEADOWS CITY OF MANCHESTER DISTRICT 91 MAYOR 122 2ND ST. P.O. BOX 317 P.O. BOX 100 MANCHESTER, GA 31816 MANCHESTER, GA 31816 OMAHA, GA 31821

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT WEBSTER COUNTY MAYOR BOX 29 MAYOR P.O. BOI 2 WASHINGTON STREET P.O. BOX 37 PINE MOUNTAIN, GA 31822 PRESTON, GA 31824 PRESTON, GA 31824

CHAIRMAN WEBSTER CO. COMM. MAYOR HON. ROY D. MOULTRIE BOX 29 P.O. BOX 126 DISTRICT 93 WASHINGTON STREET CITY HALL P. O. BOX 119 PRESTON, GA 31824 RICHLAND, GA 31825 HAMILTON, GA 31811

CO. ROAD SUPERINTENDENT TALBOT COUNTY MAYOR COURTHOUSE MAYOR P.O. BOX 25 P. O. BOX 155 P.O. BOX 215 SULU, GA 31826 TALBOTTON, GA 31827 TALBOTTON, GA 31827

CHAIRMAN TALBOT CO. COMN. CHIEF OF POLICE COUNTY COURTHOUSE TALLBOTTON POLICE DEPT. MAYOR BOX 155 P.O. BOX 215 P.O. BOX 156 TALBOTTON, GA 31827 TALBOTTON, GA 31827 WARM SPRINGS, GA 31830

MAYOR MAYOR STREET SUPERINTENDENT P.O. BOI 347 P.O. BOX 372 P. O. BOX 487 WAVERLY HALL, GA 31831 WESTON, GA 31832 WEST POINT, GA 31833

MAYOR AUGUST DE BRABANT P.O. BOX 487 MAYOR CITY OF COLUMBUS CITY HALL P.O. BOX 208 1152 CUSSETA ROAD WEST POINT, GA 31833 WOODLAND, GA 31836 COLUMBUS, GA 31901

MR. DICK MCKEE KEN CRISP JERRY ANDERSON DIR.PUBLIC SERVICES CITY OF COLUMBUS PUBLIC SERVICES DEPT. CITY ENGINEER. 1152 CUSSETA ROAD 1152 CUSSETA ROAD P.O. BOX 1340 COLUMBUS, GA 31901 COLUMBUS, GA 31901 COLUMBUS, GA 31902

HON. RICHARD RAY HON. SANFORD BISHOP HON. THOMAS BUCK III 3RD DISTRICT REPRESENTATIVE DISTRICT 94 DISTRICT 95 P. O. BOX 2057 P.O. BOX 709 P.O. BOX 196 COLUMBUS, GA 31902 COLUMBUS, GA 31902 COLUMBUS, GA 31902 HON. RICHARD RAY MARK BODDY HON. CALVIN SMYRE US REP DISTRICT 3 RAINWATER MANAGER DISTRICT 92 301 15TH ST PUBLIC SERVICES P.O. BOX 181 PO BOX 2057 1152 CUSSETA RD. COLUMBUS, GA 31902 COLUMBUS, GA 31902 COLUMBUS, GA 31902

COMMANDER HON. MARY JANE GALER BON. TED LAND US ARMY INFANTRY CENTER DISTRICT 97 DISTRICT 16 DIRECTORATE OF ENGR & HOUSING 7236 LULLWATER RD. 1060 STANDING BOY COURT ATTN: ATZB-EH-BG COLUMBUS, GA 31904 COLUMBUS, GA 31904 FORT BENNING, GA 31905-5122

MR. W. FRANKLIN LAMBERT BON. FLOYD BUDGINS HON. PETE ROBINSON CONSULTANT DISTRICT 15 DISTRICT 96 3011 MEADOWVIEW DRIVE P.O. BOX 12127 3334 COWETA DRIVE COLUMBUS, GA 31906 COLUMBUS, GA 31907 COLUMBUS, GA 31907

PEDRO M. SANCHEZ MR. JOHN MILLS CORRECTIONAL OFFICER GA. TECH RESEARCH INST. PUBLIC SERVICES REGIONAL OFFICE COUNTY ENGINEER 1034 AMBER DR. P.O. BOX 8905 P.O. BOX 1340 COLUMBUS, GA 31907 COLUMBUS, GA 31908 COLUMBUS, GA 31993

JAMES E. JERNIGAN C. L. MOFFITT MAYOR CITY MANAGER PHILIP BATASTINI COLUMBUS CONSOLIDATED COLUMBUS CONSOLIDATED COLUMBUS CONSOLIDATED GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT P. O. BOX 1340 P. O. BOI 1340 P. O. BOX 1340 COLUMBUS, GA 31993 COLUMBUS, GA 31993 COLUMBUS, GA 31993

FRANK CHESTER STEPHEN HYLES EDNA KENDRICK COLUMBUS CONSOLIDATED COLUMBUS CONSOLIDATED COLUMBUS CONSOLIDATED GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT P. 0. BOX 1340 P. O. BOX 1340 P. O. BOX 1340 COLUMBUS, GA 31993 COLUMBUS, GA 31993 COLUMBUS, GA 31993

JACK LAND A. J. MCCLUNG CHARLES MCDANIEL COLUMBUS CONSOLIDATED COLUMBUS CONSOLIDATED COLUMBUS CONSOLIDATED GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT P. O. BOX 1340 P. O. BOX 1340 P. O. BOX 1340 COLUMBUS, GA 31993 COLUMBUS, GA 31993 COLUMBUS, GA 31993

BOBBY PETERS JACK RODGERS ROSE STRONG COLUMBUS CONSOLIDATED COLUMBUS CONSOLIDATED COLUMBUS CONSOLIDATED GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT P. O. BOX 1340 P. O. BOX 1340 P. O. BOX 1340 COLUMBUS, GA 31993 COLUMBUS, GA 31993 COLUMBUS, GA 31993

AMY CARROLL BEVERLY HELLVIG MR. WILLIAM HOWARD REAL ESTATE OFFICER RELOCATION OFFICER ASS? TRANS COOED HOUSING AUTHORITY HOUSING AUTHORITY PO BOX 1340 P. O. BOX 630 P. O. BOX 630 COLUMBUS, GA 31993 COLUMBUS, GA 31993 COLUMBUS, GA 31993

WILHELMINA MUELLER MR. RON STARNES MR. ROBERT GARRARD TRANSPORTATION PLANNER EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR TRANSPORTATION PLANNER LOWER CHATTAHOOCHEE APDC LOWER CHATTAHOOCHEE APDC LOWER CHATTAHOOCHEE APDC 930 SECOND AVE. P. O. BOX 1908 PO BOX 1908 P.O. BOX 1908 COLUMBUS, GA 31994 COLUMBUS, GA 31994 COLUMBUS, GA 31994 DR. LEONARD RODRIGUEZ TYRONE MARTIN CLAYTON G. RICHARDS PROFESSOR DIV. OF ENGINEERING DEPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS DEPT. OF CIVIL ENG. DEPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS P. O. BOX H UNIV. OF PUERTO RIC P. O. BOX 4400 CHRISTIANSTED MAYAGUEZ, PUERTO RICO 00758 ST. THOMAS, VI 00801 ST.CROII, VI 00820

MR. ROBERT GREER MR. RICHARD LAMIEUI NEW HAMPSHIRE DEPT BAYSTATE ROADS PROGRAM FEDERAL HWY. ADM. OF P.M. AND HWYS UNIV. OF MASSAACHUSETTS FEDERAL BLDG. - ROOM 219 JOHN MORTON BLDG. 214F MARSTON HALL 55 PLEASANT STREET 85 LOUDON ROAD AMHERST, MA 01003 CONCORD, NH 03301 CONCORD, NB 03301

MAINE TECH. TRANSFER PROG. DR. CHARLES GOODSPEED TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER TECHNICAL SVCS. DIV. DEPT. OF CIVIL ENG. DEPT. OF CIVIL ENG. MAINE DOT UNIV. OF NEW HAMPSHIRE UNIV. OF NEW HAMPSHIRE STATION 16 DURHAM, NH 03824 DURHAM, NH 03824 AUGUSTA, MAINE 04333

MR. HENRY LAMBERT DIRECTOR MR. FREDERICK K. BOYCE Jr. VERMONT LOCAL ROADS PROGRAM MR. STEVE BALUCH MAINE DEPT OF TRANS. SAINT MICHAEL'S COLLEGE FHWA BOX 1208 P.O. BOX 224 P.O. BOX 568 BANGOR, MAINE 04402 WINOOSKI, VERMONT 05404 MONTPELIER, VT 05602

MR. JAMES HANNA DR. CHARLES DOUGAN SUPERVISOR MR. JOHN O'LEARY DIRECTOR ROADSIDE BEAUTIFICATION FHWA CONN. DEPT. OF TRANS. VERMONT AGENCY OF TRANS. ONE HARTFORD SQ. SAINT MICHAEL'S COLLEGE 133 STATE STREET WEST-SOUTH BLDG. P.O. BOX DRAWER A MONTPELIER, VERMONT 05602 HARTFORD, CT 06106 WETHERSFIELD, CT 06109

MR. MARK MAKUCH PROJECTS MANAGER GERALD MCCARTHY UNIV. OF CONNECTICUT EXEC. DIRECTOR EDITOR TRANSPORTATION INS. TRANS. INSTITUTE U-139-TI PUBLIC WORKS PUB. BOX U-139-TI UNIV. OF CONNECTICUT P.O. BOX 688 STORRS, CT 06268 STORRS, CT 06268 RIDGEWOOD, NJ 07451

JAMES KIRCHER MR. FRANCIS SCHROEDER MANAGING EDITOR BUREAU OF TRAINING MR. NICK BELLIZI 200 S. BROAD ST. N.J. DOT THE HUDSON PARTNERSHIP P.O. BOX 688 1035 PKWY AVE. CN 600 40 BRUNSWICK WOODS DR. RIDGEWOOD, NJ 07451 TRENTON, NJ 08625 EAST BRUNSWICK, NJ 08816

MR. BILL RAE--DIRECTOR BUREAU OF GOVT. RESEARCH JOHN J. REISER RUTGERS UNIVERSITY MR. NEAL COHEN COUNTY ENGINEER KILMER CAMPUS TRANSPORTATION ENGINEER 333 TOWNSEND STREET BUILDING 4053 370 SEVENTH AVE - URS NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08901 NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ 08903 NEW YORK, NY 10001

MR. MARVIN GERSTEN MR. BERNIE ALPERN MR. RAY TILLMAN V.P. FOR TRANS. SYS. SR. TRANS. SYS. ENG. SR. VICE PRESIDENT 370 SEVENTH AVE - URS 370 SEVENTH AVE - URS 370 SEVENTH AVE - URS NEW YORK, NY 10001 NEW YORK, NY 10001 NEW YORK, NY 10001

MARC HEDRICK MR. ARTHUR FREED P.R. NEW YORK CITY TRANSIT AUTH DIR. OF TRAFFIC ENG. OPERATIONS PLANNING DEPT. AND HIGHWAY SAFETY ROOM 937 DR. RICHARD DIBBLE 148 MARTIN AVENUE 25 CHAPEL ST. NEW YORK INST. OF TECH. WHITE PLAINS, NY 10601 BROOKLYN, NY 11201 OLD WESTBURY, NY 11568 MR. LOU CARDAMON MR. BRUCE A. HOSLEY FOREMAN HENRY SULIKOWSKI FHWA VILLAGE OF BELLPORT SUPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS LBO W. O'BRIEN FED. BLDG. DEPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS VILLAGE OF PORT JEFFERSON RM 729 P.O. BOX 3 121 WEST BROADWAY CLINTON AVE. i N. PEARL BELLPORT, NY 11713 PORT JEFFERSON, NY 11777 ALBANY, NY 12207 MR. THOMAS SOREL MR. ARNOLD HAUSLER JEFFREY HABER FEDERAL HWY. ADMIN. FEDERAL HWY. ADMIN, EIBC.SECRETARY LEO W. O'BRIEN FED. BLDG. LEO - W. O'BRIEN FED. BLDG. ASSOCIATION OF TOWNS ROOM 729 CLINTON AVE, CLINTON AVE. i 90 STATE STREET i N. PEARL ST. N. PEARL ST. 9TH FLOOR ALBANY, NY 12207 ALBANY, NY 12207 ALBANY, NY 12207

MS. DEBRA ROOD KR. C. E. CARLSON KR. HAROLD HERZOG INSTITUTE TRAFFIC TRAFFIC i SAFETY DIDISION DIR. OF COMM. ASS. SAFETY MGT. & RES. NEW YORE DEPT. OF TRANS. NEW YORE DOT 5-314 260 WASHINGTON AVE. 1220 WASHINGTON AVENUE 1220 WASHINGTON AVE. ALBANY, NY 12210 ALBANY, NY 12232 ALBANY, NY 12232

KR. JOHN RATHBONE PETER NACCARATO MR. RICHARD J. BROWN VILLAGE ENGINEER HIGHWAY SUPERINTENDENT EXECUTIVE SECRETARY VILLAGE OF HAMILTON TOWN OF HURLEY NYS ASSO. OF TOWN SUPT. DEPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS P.O. BOX 302 4294 CRAM HILLS ROAD P.O. BOX 119 HURLEY, NY 12443 TEUTON, NY 13158 HAMILTON, NY 13346

RICHARD RUDOLPH BRUCE SITZMAN MR. RICHARD LANIGAN HIGHWAY SUPT. SUPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS DELAWARE COUNTY HIGHWAY DEPT TOWN OF PEMBROKE VILLAGE OF ALDEN P.O. BOX 311 414 AKRON ROAD 13336 BROADWAY DELHI, NY 13753 AKRON, NY 14001 ALDEN, NY 14004

WILLIAM C. RATES CHUCK DITNARS COUNTY HIGHWAY SUPT. LAB. TECHNICIAN CORNELL LOCAL ROADS STEUBEN COUNTY HIGHWAY DEPT. CORNELL UNIVERSITY RILEY ROBB HALL 117 B. STEUBEN STREET 420 RILEY-ROBB HALL CORNELL UNIVERSITY BATH, NY 14810 ITHACA, NY 14853 ITHACA, NY 14853

DR. LEROY MARLOW DR. WALKER KILARESKI DEL SWEENEY PENNSYLVANIA TECHNICAL PA STATE UNIVERSITY THE PENN. TRANS. INS. ASSISTANCE PROGRAM PA RESEARCH INSTITUTE THE PENN. STATE UNIVERSITY PA STATE UNIVERSITY RESEARCH BLDG. B RESEARCH BLDG. B 5 ' DING UNIVERSITY PARK, PA 16802 UNIVERSITY PARK, PA 16802 UNIVERSITY PARK, PA 16802

DR. DARYL HEASLEY MR. EDWIN ", DIRECTOR NORTHEAST RD CENTER KR. GENE OLINGER PA. S'' - PENN STATE UNIV.--HARRISBURG FHWA 104 WEAVER BLDG. OLMSTEAD BLDG. ROOM W 251 P.O. BOX 1086 UNIVERSITY PARK, PA 16802 MIDDLETON, PA 17057 HARRISBURG, PA 17108

MS. CATHERINE SWATEK MS. BARBARA T. HARDER MR. WILLIAM J. POGASH SPECIAL STUDIES ANALYST DIRECTOR PENN. DEPT. OF TRANS. PENNSYLVANIA DOT OFFICE OF RES. & SPEC. STUD. ROOM 1207 ROOM 905 PA DOT TRANS. & SAFETY BLDG. TRANS. A. SAFETY BLDG. ROOK 905 TRANS E SAFETY BLDG. HARRISBURG, PA 17120 HARRISBURG, PA 17120 HARRISBURG, PA 17120

MR. WADE L. GRAMLING ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR KS. RENEE COHEN OFFICE OF RES. I SP. STU. FRANKLIN RES. CENTER DR. HOWARD MITCHELL PA DEPT OF TRANSPORTATION DIVISION OF ARIN/CALSPAN THE WHARTON SCHOOL 905 TRANS. k SAFETY 20TH AND RACE STREETS UNIV. OF PENN. HARRISBURG, PA 17120 PHILADELPHIA, PENN 19103 PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104

MR. JEFFREY H. SCHIFT TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER T2 CLEARINGHOUSE DEPUTY EIEC. DIRECTOR APPLIED TECHNOLOGY OFFICE APWA NAT'L ASSOC. OF TOWNSHIPS ADMINISTRATION CENTER 1301 PENNSYLVANIA AVE. NW 1522 K STREET NW DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION SUITE 401 SUIT 730 DOVER, DE 19903 WASHINGTON, DC 20004 WASHINGTON, DC 20005

MR. BOB STANTON DR. DAMIAN J. KULASH CLARISSA B. ISABELL I.P. SHARP ASSOCIATES INC. STRATEGIC HAY RESEARCH DEPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS 2033 I STREET N.W. 818 CONNECTICUT AVE NW 2000 14TH ST. N.W. SUITE 305 4TH FLOOR SEVENTH FLOOR WASHINGTON, DC 20006 WASHINGTON, DC 20006 WASHINGTON, DC 20009 RUSSELINE KYLE DEPT. OF PUBLIC WORKS INSTITUTE OF TRANS. ENG. MS. LINDA REID 2000 14TH ST. N.V. 525 SCHOOL St. S.W. ITT DIALCON INC. SEVENTH FLOOR SUITE 410 600 MARYLAND AVENUE S.W. WASHINGTON, DC 20009 WASHINGTON, D.C. 20024 WASHINGTON, DC 20024

MS. LISBETH LUKE DAVID WITHEFORD LIBRARIAN ASSOCIATE ADMINISTRATOR TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD OFFICE OF ROW & ENV. 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE. N.W. 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE. N.V. HRE-1 FHWA WASHINGTON, DC 20418 WASHINGTON, DC 20418 WASHINGTON, DC 20590

MICHAEL F. TRENTECOSTE RAY FRANKLIN DIRECTOR 400 7TH STREET SW DIRECTOR OFFICE OF MOTOR CARRIER STDS. HNG11 ROOM 3206 OFFICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS HCS-1 FHWA FHWA HPA-1 FHWA WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590

DIRECTOR DIRECTOR DIRECTOR OFFICE OF ENVIE. POLICY OFFICE OF RIGHTS-OF-WAY OFF. PROGRAM i DEVELOPMENT HEV-1 FHWA HEW-1 FHWA APP-1 ENNA WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590

DIRECTOR DIRECTOR ASSOCIATE ADMINISTRATOR BUREAU OF MOTOR CARRIER SAFETY OFFICE OF HIGHWAY PLANNING OFFICE OF SAFETY i OPERATIONS FIELD OPERATION HPN-1 FHWA HSA-1 FHWA HFO-1 FHWA WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590

DIRECTOR DIRECTOR DIRECTOR OFFICE OF HWY. SAFETY OFFICE OF TRAFFIC OPER. OFFICE OF ENGINEERING EHS-1 FHWA HT0-1 FHWA 1110-1 FHWA WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590

CHIEF PAVEMENT BRANCH DIRECTOR DIRECTOR HIGHWAY DESIGN DIV. OFFICE OF DIRECT FED. PROGRAMS OFFICE OF HWY. OPERS, HNC-23 FHWA HDF-1 FHWA HHO-1 FHWA WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590

DIRECTOR CHIEF DIRECTOR OFFICE OF HIGHWAY DENO. PROJECTS DIV. OFFICE OF FISCAL SER. INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 8110-40 FHWA HFS-1 FHWA RPM-1 FHWA WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590 DIRECTOR MR. NORMAN PAULHUS INTERNATIONAL HIGHWAY OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY AND PROGRAMS OFFICE PLANNING ASSISTANCE DEPUTY HP1-10 I-30 FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATOR FHWA DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION HOA-2 FHWA WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590

NR. DAVID J. ROSS EIECUTIVE DIRECTOR FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATOR FHWA OFFICE OF THE HWY. ADMIN. ERNA RN 3323 RHP-12 HOA-3 ERNA HOA-1 400 7TH ST. SW WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590 WASHINGTON, DC 20590

HR. WARREN E. HARPER FHWA DR. HAROLD RIB PROGRAM DEV. DIV. (118S-II) DR. EVERETT CARTER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER MASSIF BLDG. TRANS. STUDIES CENTER DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 400 7111 ST. SW UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND WASHINGTON, DC 20590 COLLEGE PARK, MD 20742 COLLEGE PARK. MD 20742 MR. EUGENE BRANNACK CHARLES HENNINGSGAARD RR. JOHN McCULLOUGH ASPEN SYSTEMS CORP. ROY JORGENSEN ASSOC. INC. ROY JORGENSEN ASSOC. INC. 1600 RESEARCH BLVD. P.O. 801 3310 P.O. BOX 3310 ROCKVILLE, MD 20814 GAITHERSBURG, MD 20878 GAITHERSBURG, MD 20878

MR. ELMER BIGGS MR. A. SCOTT PARRISH A. HALM TAHIR FEDERAL HWY. ADMIN. BUREAU OF RESEARCH DEPUTY CHIEF ENG. GEORGE FALLON FED. BLDG MD. STATE HWY. ADMIN. MD. STATE HWY. ADMIN. 31 HOPKINS PLAZA 2323 W. JOPPA ROAD 2323 V. JOPPA RD. ROOK 1633 BROOKLANDVILLE, MD 21022 BROOKLANDVILLE, MD 21022 BALTIMORE, MARYLAND 21201

MR. WILLIAM K. LEI III MS. KATHY LAFFEY CHIEF ENGINEER FEDERAL HWY. ADM. KR. ELVIN D. THOMAS MARYLAND STATE HIGHWAY ADM. THE ROTUNDA SUITE 220 DORCHESTER HIGHWAY ADM. P.O. BOX 717 711 WEST 40TH STREET RFD # 1 BOX 187 BALTIMORE, MD 21203 BALTIMORE, MD 21211 CAMBRIDGE, MD 21613

DIRECTOR MRS. MARY RISSEL DIRECTOR OFFICE OF ENG. L HWY. BYRD TALLANY OFFICE OF OPERATIONS STAFF OPER. RES. i DEV. MACDONALD L LEWIS RED-1D FHWA HNR-1 FHWA 2921 TELESTAR COURT 6300 GEORGETOWN PIKE 6300 GEORGETOWN-PIKE FALLS CHURCH, VA 22042 MCLEAN, VA 22101 MCLEAN, VA 22101

DIRECTOR GEORGE SHRIEVES OFFICE OF SAFETY L TRAFFIC DIRECTOR DIRECTOR OPER. RES. & DEVELOPMENT OFFICE OF IMPLEMENTATION NATIONAL HIGHWAY INSTITUTE BSR-1 FHWA HRT-1 FHWA F-209 HHI-20 6300 GEORGETOWN PIKE 6300 GEORGETOWN PIKE 6300 GEORGETOWN PIKE MCLEAN, VA 22101 MCLEAN, VA 22101 MCLEAN, VA 22101

MR.BYRON N.LORD ROGER DEAN HATTIE CALLAWAY PROJECT MGR. NATIONAL HIGHWAY INSTITUTE NATIONAL HIGHWAY INSTITUTE FHWA F-210 HHI-23 F-210 11111-23 RESEARCH AND DEV. 6300 GEORGETOWN PIKE 6300 GEORGETOWN PIKE 6300 GEORGETOWN PIKE F-216 MCLEAN, VA 22101 MCLEAN, VA 22101 MCLEAN, VA 22101

MR. GEORGE PILKINGTON SAFETY DESIGN DIV. ASSOCIATE ADMINISTRATOR MICHELE STUART HRS-20 OFFICE OF RES DEV & TECH. TRANSAFETY INC. TURNER-FAIBANK RES. CTR. HRD-1 FHWA 8136 OLD KEENE KILL RD, 6300 GEORGETOWN PIKE 6300 GEORGETOWN PIKE T306 SUITE 8-101 MCLEAN, VA 22101 MCLEAN, VA 22101 SPRINGFIELD, VA 22152

DR. LESTER NOEL MR. RENNET C. ANDAY JAMES E. BREEDEN DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER DIRECTOR TRAFFIC ENGINEER SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND VA. HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION VA DEPT. OF TRANSP. APPLIED SCIENCE RESEARCH COUNCIL ORANGE ROAD UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA BOX 3817 UNIVERSITY STATION CULPEPER, VA 22701 CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22901 CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903

MR. THOMAS LEFEBYRE MILITARY TRAFFIC MR. CHARLES COCHRANS MANAGEMENT COMMAND MTMC-TEA NTMC-TEA TRANS. ENG. AGM. TRAFFIC ENG. DIVISION ATTN: MTT-TES P.O. BOX 6276 P.O. BOX 6276 P.O. BOX 6276 NEWPORT NEWS, VA. 23606 NEWPORT NEWS, VA 23606 NEWPORT NEWS, VA 23606

DR. A. G. BOHM H. O. STAGGERS NATIONAL MR. BILLY ROSE DEPT. OF CIVIL ENG. TRANSPORTATION CENTER STATE HIGHWAY ADM. VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INS. W. VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY N.C. DEPT OF TRANS. AND STATE UNIVERSITY 651 ENGINEERING SCIENCES BUILDING P.O. BOX 25201 BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 MORGANTOWN, WV 26506 RALEIGH, NC 27611

DR. EDWIN W. HAUSER MR. ROBERT L. MARTIN DIRECTOR ASSOCIATE DIRECTOR UNC INSTITUTE FOR TRANS. UNC INSTITUTE FOR TRANS. DURWARD TYSON JR. RESEARCH AND EDUCATION RESEARCH AND EDUCATION ENG./INSPECTION DEPT. P.O. BOI 12551 PO BOX 12551 P.O. BOX 7207 RES. TRIANGLE PE., NC 27709 RES. TRIANGLE PARK, NC 27109 GREENVILLE, NC 27835 DR. TOM C. WHITNEY THOMAS R. HOSACE DEPT. OF CIVIL i MECH. MR. HERMAN P. SNYDER CITY OF FAYETTEVILLE ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY P.O. BOX 191 339 ALEXANDER ST. SOUTH CARO. STATE COLLEGE SOUTH CAROLINA DOT FAYETTEVILLE, NC 28301 ORANGEBURG, SC 29117 COLUMBIA, SC 29202

JEFFREY THOMAS DR. DONALD STAFFORD DR. JAMES E. CLARK CITY OF MYRTLE BEACH DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING P. O. BOX 2468 CLEMSON UNIVERSITY CLEMSON UNIVERSITY MYRTLE BEACH, SC 29578 CLEMSON, SC 29634 CLEMSON, SC 29634

MR. P. J. WHITE BHAGIRATH PATEL DEAN BURKE DIRECTOR FLORIDA DOT PUBLIC WORKS DEPT. DIVISION OF CONSTRUCTION 605 SUWANEE STREET CITY OF LANCASTER FLORIDA DEPT. OF TRANS. SUITE 507 201 W. GAY STREET 605 SUWANNEE STREET BUREAU OF MAINTENANCE LANCASTER, SC 29720 TALLAHASSEE, FL 32301 TALLAHASSEE, FL 32301

MR. RAY DANIEL MR. DONALD BERGMAN FLORIDA D.O.T. FEDERAL HWY. ADMIN. MR. LARRY SMITH BUREAU OF MATERIALS 227 N. BRONOUGH ST. FLORIDA DEPT. OF TRANS. AND RESEARCH ROOM 2015 P.O. BOX 1029 P.O. BOX 1029 TALLAHASSEE, FL 32302 GAINSVILLE, FL 32602 GAINESVILLE, FL 32602

DR. CHARLES E. WALLACE JANET DEGNER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER TECH. TRANSFER CENTER EDDIE JOHNSON UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA CITY OF POMPANO BEACH 512 NEIL HALL 346 WEIL WALL 101 S.W. 1ST AVE. GAINESVILLE, FL 32611 GAINSVILLE, FL 32611 POMPANO BEACH, FL 33060

NORMA B. BONNE RICHARD B. TENCH TECHNICAL LIBRARY SUPERINTENDENT RES. & DEV. SECTION MR. MARTIN KELLY CITY OF POMPANO BEACH VULCAN MATERIALS CO. FHWA P. O. BOX 1300 P. O. BOX 7497 441 HIGH STREET POMPANO BEACH, FL 33060 BIRMINGHAM, AL 35253-0497 MONTGOMERY, AL 36104

MR. JIM KEITH DAVID BRAGDON STATE RESEARCH ENGINEER MAINTENANCE BUREAU JOHN COURSON STATE OF ALABAMA HWY. DEPT. 1409 COLISIUM BLVD. 1409 COLISEUM BLVD. 11 SOUTH UNION STREET ROOM F-101 ROOM V-201 MONTGOMERY, AL 36130 MONTGOMERY, AL 36130 MONTGOMERY, AL 36130

MR. J. FRED O'BRIEN Jr. DIRECTOR DR. RAYMOND K. MOORE ENG. BITENTION SERVICE GOTTLIEB ASSOCIATE PROF. SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING US ARMY ENGR DIST--NASHVILLE AUBURN UNIVERSITY AUBURN UNIVERSITY P. O. BOX 1070 AUBURN, AL 36849 AUBURN, AL 36849 NASHVILLE, TN 37202

MR. GLENN BECKWITH MR. WRIGHT ALDRIDGE DIRECTOR MR. JAMES H. WESTBROOK Jr. FEDERAL HWY. ADM. TEANSP. PLANNING DIV. UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE 801 BROADWAY SUITE 900 SUITE 500K ROOM A926 JAMES K. POLK BLDG. CAPITOL BLVD. BLDG. NASHVILLE, TN 37203 NASHVILLE, TN 37219 NASHVILLE, TN 37219

RICHARD GENTRY RICHARD WARPOOLE MR. ROBERT E. FARRIS TENNESSEE DOT TRAFFIC AND SAFETY PL. COMMISSIONER 6TH AVE. & DEADRICK ST. TENNESSEE DOT TENN. DEPT. OF TRANS. JAMES POLK BLDG JAMES POLK BLDG. 505 DEADERICK STREET SUITE 1200 SUITE 1000 NASHVILLE, TN 37219 NASHVILLE, TN 37219 NASHVILLE, TN 37219

DONALD L. REID HON, ROBERT MCGINNIA TN DEPT. OF TRAMP. MAYOR 1100 JAMES K. POLK BLDG. CITY ENGINEER 1214 LULA LAKE ROAD 505 DEADERICK ST. 214 LULA LAKE ROAD CITY HALL NASHVILLE, TN 37219 LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN, GA 37350 LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN, GA 37350 COMMANDER DIRECTOR OF ENGR i HOUSING VOLUNTEER ARMY AMMO PLANT PAN AM WORLD SERVICES INC. ATTN: MVO-CO ATTN: MR. B. O. TODD ARDC/DEVA (TRAFFIC INGE) P. 0. BOI 1748 ARNOLD IFS, TN 37389 ARNOLD AFS, TN 37389 CHATTANOOGA, TN 37422-2607

BILL KERVIN COMMANDER COMMANDER TENNESSEE TRANSPORTATION DIRECTOR OF BCE A HOUSING HOLSTON ARMY AMMO PLANT ASSISTANCE PROGRAM ROSTON ARMY AMMO PLANT ATTN: SNCHO-EN SOUTH STADIUM HALL ATTN: SMCHO-EN WEST STONE DRIVE UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE KINGSPORT, TN 37660-9982 KINGSPORT, TN 37660 KNOXVILLE, TN 37996

COMMANDING OFFICER MR. ERWIN KEE PUBLIC WORKS ENGINEERING P. M. SUPERINTENDENT CODE 19300 BLDG. S-236 FAYETTE COUNTY US ARMY ENGR DISTRICT--MEMPHIS NAVAL AIR STATION MEMPHIS (84} P.O. BOX 36 B-314 CLIFFORD DAVIS FEDERAL BLDG. MILLINGTON, TN 38054 SOMERVILLE, TN 38068 MEMPHIS, TN 38103

COMMANDER COMMANDER COMMANDER DIRECTOR OF ENGR i HOUSING DEFENSE DEPOT MEMPHIS DIRECTOR OF ENGR & HOUSING DEFENSE DEPOT ATTN: DDKT-HH MILAN ARMY AMMO PLANT ATTN: DDMT-HH 2163 AIRWAYS BLVD. ATTN: SKCMI-EN MEMPHIS, TN 38114 MEMPHIS, TN 38114-5297 MILAN, TN 38358-5000

CLYDE F. HARE MR. JOHN R. TABB COMMANDER FEDERAL HWY. ADM. DIRECTOR MILAN ARMY AMMO PLANT 666 NORTH STREET MISS. STATE HIGHWAY DEPT ATTN: SMCMI-SF SUITE 105 P.O. BOX 1850 MILAN, TN 38358-5000 JACKSON, MS 39202 JACKSON, MS 39205

MR. HARVEY JOHNSON KR. LOWBLL LIVINGSTON DIRECTOR MISSISSIPPI STATE DR. LESLIE BURL McLIMORE CTR. FOR TECH. TRANSFER HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT JACKSON STATE UNIV. JACKSON STATE UNIVERSITY P.O. BOX 1850 1400 LYNCH STREET PO BOX 18125 JACKSON, NS 39215-1850 JACKSON, MS 39217 JACKSON, MS 39217

DOSS BRODNAX DR. ROBERTS N. SCHOLTES DIRECTOR MR. CALVIN GRAYSON DEPT. OF CIVIL ENG. SOUTHERN RD CENTER KENTUCKY TRANS. CTR. MISS. STATE UNIV. P.O. BOX 5406 UNIV. OF KENTUCKY P.O. DRAWER CE MISS. STATE UNIV. 533 SOUTH LIMESTONE MS. STATE, MS 39762 MS. STATE, NS 39762 LEXINGTON, KY 40508

MR. DEAN HUFF MR. JIIN HUANG COMM. OF HIGHWAYS MR. LEON WALDEN HOWARD K. BELL CONS. ENG. STATE OFFICE BLDG. FEDERAL HWY. ADMIN. P.O. BOX 546 HIGH i CLINTON STREETS P.O. BOX 536 LEXINGTON, KY 40585 FRANKFORT, KY 40601 FRANKFORT, KY 40602

STEVE GOODPASTER MR. C. S. LAYSON TRANSPORTATION ENGINEER DR. ZOLTAN NEMETH ADMIN. AND RESEARCH DIVISION OF BRIDGES DEPT. OF CIVIL ENG. KY. TRANS. CABINET COMMONWEALTH OF KENTUCKY THE OHIO STATE UNIV. HIGH i CLINTON ST. TRANSPORTATION CABINET 207 NEIL AVENUE FRANKFORT, KY 40622 FRANKFORT, KY 40622 COLUMBUS, OH 43210

DR. ROBERT SIBRAKOWSKI MR. ERNEST BLAIS KILLEON O. TALBERT OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY FEDERAL HWY. ADM. RESEARCH AND DEV DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 200 NORTH HIGH ST. OHIO DEPT OF TRANS 2070 NEIL AVENUE ROOM 328 25 S FRONT ST COLUMBUS, OHIO 43210 COLUMBUS, OHIO 43215 COLUMBUS, OHIO 43216-0899

MR. PAUL OWENS DR. L. SHELBERT SMITH ENG. & MANAGEMENT SER. MR. LARRY TUCKER DEPT. OF CHEMISTRY ROOK 1101 FHWA CENTRAL STATE UNIV. STATE OFFICE BLDG. ROOM 254 1400 BRUSH ROW ROAD 100 N. SENATE STREET 575 N. PENN. ST WILBERFORCE, OR 45384 INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46204 INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46204 MR. ROBERT WOODS DIV. OF LOCAL ASSISTANCE INDIANA DEPT. OF HWYS. PROF. GEORGE SMIRK ELF AQUITAINE ASPHALT STATE OFF. BLDG. RM. 1203 INSTITUTE URBAN TRANS 400 NORTH 10TH STREET 100 NORTH SENATE AVENUE 825 E 8TH ST P.O. BOX 1507 INDIANAPOLIS, IN 46204 BLOOMINGTON, IN 47405 TERRE HAUTE, IN 47808

DR. CHARLES F. SCHOLER MR. BARRY PARTRIDGE DIRECTOR--BERPICC MR. ROBERT WOODS DIV. OF RES. A TRAINING SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENG. INDIANA DEPT. OF HWY. P.O. BOI 2279 PURDUE UNIVERSITY 100 N. SENATE AVE. WEST LAFAYETTE, IN 47906 WEST LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA 47907

DR. EUGENE Y. HUANG DR. B. D. ALKIRE ELENA AGUILAR CIVIL ENGR. DEPT. CIVIL ENGR. DEPT. FHWA MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV. MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV. P.O. BOX 627 HOUGHTON, NI 49931 HOUGHTON, NI 49931 AMES, IOWA 50010

MR. BILL WALL DR. PETE KORSCRING DIRECTOR DR. TOM NAZE DIRECTOR OFFICE OF TRANS. RES. IOWA TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER NORTH CENTRAL RD CENTER IOWA DEPT. OF TRANS. EIS BLDG.--HABER ROAD IOWA STATE UNIV. 826 LINCOLN W. IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY 108 CURTISS HALL AMES, IONA 50010 AMES, IOWA 50011 ARS, IOWA 50011

DR. ROBERT SCHMIDT MR. DAVID J. CYRA--DIRECTOR DIV. OF URBAN OUTREACH OFFICE OF STATEWIDE MR. H. L. FIELDER OFFICE OF THE DEAN TRAINING PROGRAMS ADMINISTRATOR P.O. BOI 413 UNIV. OF WISCONSIN DIV. OF HWY E TRANS, UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN 3270 N. MARIETTA AVE. 4802 SHEBOYGAN AVENUE MILWAUKEE, WI 53201 MILWAUKEE, WI 53211 MADISON, MI 53702

MR. DONALD WALKER MR. BILL BREMER PROGRAM DIRECTOR FHWA TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION CTR. WISCONSIN DOT 4502 VERNON BLVD. UNIV. OF WISCONSIN-BIT. RESEARCH SECTION P.O. BOX 5428 432 NORTH LAKE ST 3502 KINSMAN BLVD MADISON, WISCONSIN 53705 MADISON, WI 53706 MADISON, WI 53704

MRS. N. A. WILSON FHWA/NHI CONTACT RICHARD WOLTERS SUPPORT SVCS. SPECIALIST NEW TECHNOLOGIES ENG. B-9 MR. BERNARD L. LIEDER METRO SQUARE BLDG. SUITE 490 MN DEPT. OF TRANSP. POLK COUNTY ENGINEER 7TH i ROBERTS STS. JOHN IRELAND BLVD, BOI 27 ST. PAUL, MN 55101 ST. PAUL, MN 55155 CROOKSTON, MN 56716

JOHN GILBERT DR. DONALD ANDERSEN MR. OSCAR MANZ ASST. DIV. ADMINISTRATOR TECH. TRANSFER CENTER DIRECTOR FEDERAL OFFICE BLDG. CIVIL ENG. DEPT. UNIV. STATION BOX 8115 P. O. BOX 700 N.D. STATE UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF N. DAKOTA PIERRE, SD 57501 FARGO, ND 58105 GRAND FOLKS, ND 58201

KR. WARREN L. EDWARDS MR. STEVE KOLOGI PLANNING i PEW DEV ENG CHIEF FEDERAL HWY. ADMIN. MR. STEVE SMITH PRECONSTRUCTION BUREAU FEDERAL BLDG. N. DAKOTA HWY. DEPT. DEPT. OF HIGHWAYS P.O. BOX 1755 STATE CAPITOL STATE OF MONTANA BISMARCK, ND 58502 BISMARCK, ND 58505 HELENA, MONTANA 59620

MR. CHARLES DUNCAN FEDERAL HWY. ADM. MR. BOB GARBER FEDERAL OFFICE BLDG. MR. AL JACKSON DEPT. OF HWY. 301 SOUTH PARK DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING 2201 PROSPECT AVE. DRAWER 10056 MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY HELENA, MONTANA 59620 HELENA, MONTANA 59626 BOZEMAN, MONTANA 59717

MR. FRANK KOEPKE MR. ROBERT BUGHER THE TRAFFIC INSTITUTE MR. ROGER STOKES EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY FHWA APWA P.O. BOX 1409 18209 DIXIE HIGHWAY 1313 EAST 60TH STREET EVANSTON, IL 60204 HOMEWOOD, IL 60430 CHICAGO, IL 60607 MR. T. A. BARTON RITA KNORR FRWA/NHI CONTACT DIR. OF RESEARCH ASST. PLANNING 1 RES. ENGR. KR. ABE HONG APWA RESEARCH FOUNDATION 320 W. WASHINGTON ST. FHWA 1313 EAST 60TH STREET ROOM 700 P.O. BOX 19715 CHICAGO, IL 60637 SPRINGFIELD, IL 62701 KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI 64141

KR. KEITH MCGOWAN MR. JAY GORDON MISSOURI HWY SPECIAL PROG. ENGR. KR. VIRGIL STIFFLER !TRANS. DEPT. TTAO FHWA STATE HWY. BLDG. 2052 HONEYSUCKLE LANE P.O. BOX 1787 P.O. BOX 270 JEFFERSON CITY, KO 65101 JEFFERSON CITY, MO 65102 JEFFERSON CITY, MO 65102

DR. CHARLES E. DARE DR. JOE LEE DIRECTOR PROF. FRANK J. CAPER TRANS. CENTER TRANSPORTATION INSTITUTE MR-TRANS. TECH. ASST. OFF. CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPT. 306 ENG. RESEARCH LAB ROOM 203 ERL 2011 LEARNED HALL U OF MISSOURI-ROLLA UNIV. OF MISSOURI-ROLLA UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS ROLLA, MISSOURI 65401 ROLLA, MO 65401 LAWRENCE, KS 66045

MR. W. H. OGAN MR. EDWARD WILSON KR. VIRGIL A. HOLDREDGE TECH. TRANSFER. ENGINEER FHWA JOHNSON COUNTY ENGINEER KANSAS DEPT. OF TRANS. 444 SA QUINCY STREET P.O. BOX 401 STATE OFFICE BLDG. ROOM 240 OLATHE, KANSAS 66061 TOPEKA, KS 66612 TOPEKA, KANSAS 66683

MR. STEPHEN J. BURNHAM DR. GENE HARDING PLANNING AND RESEARCH MR. PETER PICARD EDITOR FHWA FEDERAL HWY. ADM. T2 INTERCHANGE 100 CENTENNIAL MALL NORTH FEDERAL BLDG. ROOK 487 P.O. BOX 98 ROOK 487 100 CENTENNIAL MALL NORTH CRETE, NE 68333 LINCOLN, NE 68508-3851 LINCOLN, NEBRASKA 68508

KR. C. W. BOWMASTER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER MR. ARA ARMAN MR. DEL MOTYCKA 205 NEBRASKA CTR. FOR LA. TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH CTR. NEBRASKA DEPT. OF ROADS CONTINUING EDUCATION P. O. BOX 94245 P.O. BOI 94759 UNIV. OF NEBRASKA CAPITOL STATION LINCOLN, NEBRASKA 68509 LINCOLN, NEBRASKA 68583 BATON ROUGE, LA 70804

MR. NEIL L. WAGONER MR. W. H. REYNOLDS OFFICE OF HIGHWAYS DR. THOMAS KNIGHT FEDERAL HWY. ADM. DEPT. OF TRANS. DUEL. DEPT. OF SOCIAL AND ROOM 3128 P.O. BOX 44245 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES FEDERAL OFFICE BLDG. CAPITOL STATION UNIV. OF ARKANSAS 700 WEST CAPITOL AVE. BATON ROUGE, LA 70804 PINE BLUFF, AR 71601 LITTLE ROCK, AR 72201

HR. BRYAN DAVIS PLANNING AND RES. DIV. DEBORAH TANNER ARKANSAS STATE HWY. DR. JAMES YOUNG CITY OF LITTLE ROCK AND TRANSPORTATION DEPT. CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPT. 621 BROADWAY P.O. BOX 2261 UNIV. OF ARKANSAS LITTLE ROCK, AR 72201 LITTLE ROCK, AR 72203 FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701

MR. JERRY EMERSON MR. BILL BARTON FEDERAL HWY. ADMIN. FEDERAL HWY. ADM. MR. JAMES A. SCHMIDT FEDERAL OFFICE BLDG. FEDERAL OFFICE BLDG. DEPT. OF TRANS. ROOM 454 ROOM 454 ODOT BLDG. 200 N.W. 5TH ST. 200 N.W. FIFTH STREET ZOO N.B. 21st. ST OKLAHOMA CITY, OK 73102 OKLAHOMA CITY, OK 73102 OKLAHOMA CITY, OK 73105

DR. JAMES SHAMBLIN DIRECTOR MR. W. J. LINDSAY KR. ANDY MUNOZ CENTER FOR LOCAL GOV'T TECH. FHWA FEDERAL HWY. ADM. OKLAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY 819 TAYLOR STREET 819 TAYLOR STREET STILLWATER, OE 74078 FORT WORTH, TI 76102 FORT WORTH, TI 76102

MR. NELSON EVANS DAVE DAVIS TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY TEXAS TRANSPORTATION DR. NAOMI LEDE P.W. TRAINING DIVISION TECH TRANSFER CENTER TEXAS SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY TEXAS ENGR. EXT. SVCS. TEXAS ENG. EXT. SERVICE HOUSTON, TEXAS 77004 COLLEGE STATION, TX 77843 COLLEGE STATION, TX 77843 MR. M. G. GOODE Jr. MR. EDWARD KRISTAPONIS STATE ENG. - DIRECTOR FEDERAL HWY. ADM. MR. JOHN UNDERWOOD STATE DEPT. OF HWY 804 FEDERAL BLDG. STATE DEPT. OF HWY PUBLIC TRANS. 300 EAST 8TH STREET A PUBLIC TRANS. DEWITT C GREER BLDG. ROOM 826 P.O. BOX 5051 AUSTIN, TI 78701 AUSTIN, TI 78701 AUSTIN, TX 78703

MR. WILLIAM POLLARD JR. DR. WAYNE ECHELBERGER CENTER FOR URBAN KR. RAY GRIFFITH PROFESSOR & CHAIRMAN TRANSPORTATION STUDIES FHWA DEPT. OF CIVIL ENG. UNIV. OF COLORADO-DENVER 555 ZANG STREET UNIV. OF TX. AT EL PASO 1100 14TH STREET P.O. BOI 25240 EL PASO, TI 79968 DENVER, COLORADO 80202 DENVER, CO 80225

COLORADO TRANSPORTATION JOHN W. ERMA INFORMATION PROGRAM RESEARCH AND T2 ENGINEER TRAFFIC CONTROL SPECLST. INCR. RESEARCH CENTER FHWA--REGION 8 LARNE!! CO. RD. DEPT. ROOK A-307 555 ZANG STREET P.O. BOX 1190 COLORADO STATE UNIV. LAKEWOOD, CO 80228 FORT COLLINS, CO 80522 FORT COLLINS, CO 80523

MR. VICTOR GRIMM KR. MAI L. ROTHSCHILD MR. JAMES VANDEL FEDERAL HWY. ADM. EL PASO COUNTY WYOMING HWY. DEPT. 1916 EVANS AVENUE 3170 CENTURY STREET P.O. BOI 1708 P.O. BOX 1127 CO SPRINGS, CO 80907 CHEYENNE, WY 82001 CHEYENNE, WY 82003

KR. DAVID SULLIVAN DR. EUGENE WILSON TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER FHWA DEPT. OF CIVIL ENG. DEPT. OF CIVIL 1916 EVANS AVE UNIVERSITY OF WYOMING i ENVIRONMENTAL ENGR. PO BOI 1127 UNIV. STATION BOX 3295 UTAH STATE UNIV. CHEYENNE, WY 82003 LARAMIE, WYOMING 82071 LOGAN, UTAH 84322-4110

MR. FRANK MCCULLAGH MR. NATHAN BANKS NANCY KLEIN DIRECTOR FEDERAL HWY. ADEN. PRES -- DEPT. OF TRANS. 3500 N. CENTRAL AVE. NATIONAL RIDERSHIP GROUP 206 SOUTH 17TH AVENUE SUITE 201 1763 E. FAIRFIELD ST. PHOENIX, ARIZONA 85007 PHOBNII, ARIZONA 85012 MESA, AR 85203

R. BENNETT KR. RONALD ARMOUR CTR. FOR ADVANCED RESEARCH DR. JAMES WITKOWSKI HWY SAFETY SPECIALIST IN TRANSPORTATION DEPT. OF CIVIL ENGINEERING BUR. OF INDIAN AFFAIRS ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA P.O. BOX 2006 TEMPE, ARIZONA 85287 TUCSON, AR 85721 ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87103

MR. KEVIN DI PALMA MR. CHARLES JAYNES MR. JOSEPH J. HEWETT PERSONNEL BUREAU CHIEF BUREAU SAFETY MANAGER CHIEF HWY. ADMINISTRATOR NEW MEXICO STATE HWY. DEPT. BUR. OF INDIAN AFFAIRS NEW MEXICO HWY. DEPT. STATE HWY. BLDG. P.O. BOX 2186 P.O. BOX 1149 1120 CERRILLOS Rd. ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87103 SANTA FE, NM 87503 SANTA FE, NM 87503

MR. ROY TURNER MR. DON BECK MR. JOHN P. BRADLEY FEDERAL HWY. ADM. DIRECTOR LOS ALAMOS COUNTY 117 U.S. COURT HOUSE NKSHD TRAINING ACADEMY P.O. BOX 30 P.O. BOX 1088 P.O. BOX 5878 LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 SANTA FE, NM 87501 ROSWELL, NM 88201

KR. DAVID SWAIM MR. KARL KERMIT MR. ROBERT KRULL (HST-09) ITS EXTENSION PROGRAMS FEDERAL HWY. ADMIN. FEDERAL HWY. ADM. RICHMOND FIELD STATION 211 MAIN ST. 211 MAIN STREET UNIV. OF CALIFORNIA ROOK 1100 ROOM 1100 1301 S.46TH ST. BLDG. 452 SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94105 SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94105 RICHMOND, CA 94804

MR. DONALD B. HEAD SONOMA COUNTY MR. HAL SCHMITT MR. E. D. SPARTZ 575 ADMINISTRATION DRIVE FHWA CALIFORNIA DEPT. OF TRANS. ROOM 117A P.O. BOX 1915 1120 NORTH STREET SANTA ROSA, CA 95401 SACRAMENTO, CA 95809 SACRAMENTO, CA 95814 MR. OTIS HASELTON RESEARCH T2 ENGINEER DR. KENNETH DUBBER FHWA CLAY CASTLEBERRY CENTER FOR URBAN STUDIES ROOM 312 10 SERRA MONTE DRIVE PORTLAND STATE UNIVERSITY 708 SW 3RD AVE OROVILLE, CA 95966 PORTLAND, OREGON 97202 PORTLAND, OR 97204

KR. CALEB FROBIG W. J. QUINN WES HEIDENREICH T2 COORDINATOR OREGON T2 CENTER OREGON T2 CENTER FHWA-OREGON DIVISION DEPT, OF TRANSP. RESEARCH DEPT. OF TRANSP. RESEARCH EQUITABLE CTR. SUITE 100 HIGHWAY MATERIALS LAB. HIGHWAY MATERIALS LAB. 530 CENTER ST. N.B. 800 AIRPORT RD. 800 AIRPORT RD. SALEM, OR 97301 SALEM, OR 97310 SALEM, OR 97310

MR. B. S. COULTER STATE HIGHWAY ENGINEER DR. RUSS YOUMANS OREGON STATE HWY DIVISION DR. ROBERT LAYTON DIRECTOR STATE HIGHWAY BLDG. TRANS. RESEARCH INS. WESTERN RD CENTER ROOM 140 OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY OREGON STATE UNIV SALEM, OR 97310 CORVALLIS, OR 97331 CORVALLIS, OREGON 97331

MR. DAVID HAWLEY MR. BARRY B. BRECTO FEDERAL HWY. ADMIN. ASST BRIDGE/T2 ENGINEER SUITE 501 FHWA DR. GEORGE GAMOTA EVERGREEN PLAZA 501 EVERGREEN PLAZA UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN 711 S. CAPITOL WAY 711 S CAPITAL WAY ANN ARBOR, MI 98109 OLYMPIA, WA 98501 OLYMPIA, WA 98501

MR. WILLIAM HORDAN DR. ERNEST GEISSLER MR.GEORGE 0 CROMMES DIRECTOR DIRECTOR NW T2 CENTER NORTHWEST T2 CENTER COUNTY ROAD ADM. BOARD WS DOT STATE AID HIGHWAY ADM. BLDG, 6730 MARTIN WAY N.E. TRANS. BLDG 1F-01 MAPLE PARK DRIVE OLYMPIA, WASHINGTON 98504 OLYMPIA, WA 98504 OLYMPIA, WA 98504

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MR. JOHN D. MARTIN UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA ALASKA DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION TRANSPORTATION CENTER i PUBLIC FACILITIES 133 DUCKERING BLDG. 2301 PEGER RD. FAIRBANKS, ALASKA 99701 FAIRBANKS, ALASKA 99709 APPENDIX B--Publication List Entries for the publication list are followed by three sort codes, agency, subject, and newsletter. A listing of the agency and subject codes follows. The newsletter code option is no longer maintained and should be disregarded when reviewing the publication list.

AGENCY CODES

1. UMTA 2. NHTSA 3. MATERIALS RESEARCH BOARD 4. RESEARCH & SPECIAL PROGRAMS ADMINISTRATION 5. AIRPORT GROUND TRANSPORT ASSOCIATION 6. FHWA 7. GEORGIA TECH 8. HERPICC--PURDUE UNIVERSITY 9. FRA 10. USDA 11. GEORGIA OFFICE OF HIGHWAY SAFETY 12. KANSAS DOT 13. S. E. TRUSS MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION 14. FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ADMINISTRATION 15. GDOT 16. PENNSYLVANIA DOT 17. URBAN CONSORTIUM 18. TRB 19. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 20. MILITARY TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT COMMAND 21. U. S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 22. NASA 23. ALABAMA T 2 CENTER 24. USDOT 30. OTHER 31. APWA

SUBJECT CODES

1. MASS TRANSIT--PLANNING & SYSTEMS 2. SAFETY 3. HAZARDOUS WASTES 4. TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION 5. AIRPORTS 6. ASPHALT PAVEMENTS 7. SWAMP USAGE 8. MANAGEMENT 9. TRAINING 10. TRAFFIC SIGNALS, ENGINEERING 11. CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY 12. BRIDGES 13. DRAINAGE 14. CONCRETE MARKING 15. DUST CONTROL 16 . PAVEMENT MARKING 17. RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT 18 . SOILS 19. MAINTENANCE 20. PARKING 21. ENERGY 22. ROADS 23. PEDESTRIANS, ELDERLY & HANDICAPPED 24. STATISTICS & BIBLIOGRAPHIES 25. STEEL 26. FINANCING 27. HIGHWAY--GENERAL 28. REGULATIONS & SPECIFICATIONS 29. ENVIRONMENT 30. TORT LIABILITY 31. HYDROLOGY 32. COMPUTERS, HARDWARE, ETC. 33. FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION 34. ALCOHOL 35. OTHER A BASIC ASPHALT EMULSION MANUAL

- THE ASPHALT INSTITUTE, 1980 115+ BOX Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 9

ACCELERATED RECOVERY OF NATIVE VEGETATION ON ROADWAY SLOPES FOLLOWING CONSTRUCTION VOL. I - FHWA , 1987 67+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 29 Newsletter - 0

ACCELERATED RECOVERY OF NATIVE VEGETATION ON ROADWAY SLOPES FOLLOWING CONSTRUCTION VOL. II - FHWA , 1987 103 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 29 Newsletter - 0

ACCELERATED RECOVERY OF NATIVE V=TATION ON ROADWAY SLOPES FOLLOWING CONSTRUCTION VOL. III - FHWA , 1987 26 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 29 Newsletter - 0

ACCESS: BROKERING PARATRANSIT SERVICES TO THE IDERLY AND HANDICAPPED IN ALLEGHENY COUNTY PA

- UMTA , 1984 162+ 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 23 Newsletter - 0

ACCIDENT RESEARCH MANUAL

- FHWA , 1980 136 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

ACCOUNTING WITH LOTUS 1-2-3

- WADSWORTH , 1983 276 1 Agency - 28 Subject - 32 Newsletter - 0

ADDRESSING ORGANIZATIONAL ISSUES SELECTED READINGS VOLUME 3

- USDOT , 1984 93 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 35 Newsletter - 0

A DIGEST OF STATE ALCOHOL-HIGHWAY SAFETY RELATED LEGISLATION - NHTSA , 1983 312 3 Agency - 2 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT OF LOCAL STREETS AND ROADS VOLUME I - HERPICC , 1988 200 1 Agency - 8 Subject - 8 Newsletter - 0 ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT OF LOCAL STREETS AND ROADS VOLUME II - HERPICC , 1988 200 1 Agency - 8 Subject - 8 Newsletter - 0

A GUIDE FOR USERS

- UMTA , 1984 26 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 7

A GUIDE TO SELF SUFFICIENT FUNDING OF ALCOHOL TRAFFIC SAFETY PROGRAMS • - NHTSA , 1983 46 1 Agency - 2 Subject - 34 Newsletter - 0

A GUIDE TO THE FEDERAL HAZARDOUS MATERIALS TRANSPORTATION REGULATORY PROGRAM - MTB , 1983 53 1 Agency - 3 Subject - 3 Newsletter - 0

A GUIDE TO THE USE OF DISSEMINATION TECHNIQUES FOR TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION - RSPA , 1983 146+ 2 Agency - 4 Subject - 4 Newsletter - 0

AIRPORT GROUND TRANSPORTATION: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS - AGTA , 1981 155+ 1 Agency - 5 Subject - 5 Newsletter - 0

ALTERNATE HIGHWAY DEICING CHEMICALS

- FHWA , 1980 16+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

ALTENATIVE FINANCING FOR URBAN TRANSPORTATION

- USDOT , 1986 135 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 4 Newsletter - 0

AMERICA RUNS ON LOCAL ROADS

- LOCAL ROAD USERS , 1986 29 11 Agency - 30 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

A METHOD FOR WETLAND FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT VOL.1 - FHWA , 1983 125+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 7 Newsletter - 3 A METHOD FOR WETLAND FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT VOL.2 - FHWA , 1983 120+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 7 Newsletter - 3

ANALYSIS OF COMMUTER RAIL COSTS AND COST ALLOCATION METHODS - UMTA , 1983 80+ 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

ANALYSIS OF JOINTED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS - FHWA , 1986 68 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 14 Newsletter - 0

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR TRANSPORTATION PLANNING IN SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED COMMUNITIES - TRB - , 1984 22 1 Agency - 18 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

A PAVEMENT MOISTURE ACCELERATED DISTRESS (MAD) IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM VOL.1 - FHWA , 1981 135+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

A PAVEMENT MOISTURE ACCELERATED DISTRESS (MAD) IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM VOL.2 - FHWA , 1981 227+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

APPLICATION OF ADHESIVES TO STEEL BRIDGES - FHWA , 1984 176 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0

A PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENTS - GA TECH , 1982 30+ 1 Agency - 7 Subject - 8 Newsletter - 0

A PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING FREQUENCIES TO INSPECT AND REPAIR HIGHWAY SAFETY HARDWARE - FHWA , 1983 17+ 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 6

ARTERIAL ANALYSIS PACKAGE (AAP) - FHWA , 1987 150+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0 ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACTS OF THE NATIONAL FLOOD INSURANCE PROGRAM ON HIGHWAYS

- FHWA , 1980 67 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 13 Newsletter - 0

A TRAINING GUIDE FOR PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL - HERPICC PURDUE UNIV, 1983 42 2 Agency - 8 Subject - 9 Newsletter - 6

AUDIOVISUAL CATALOG FHWA REGION 4 - FHWA , 1988 78 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

BARRIERS TO PRIVATE SECTOR PARTICIPATION IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

- USDOT 19; 48+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0

BRIDGE FORMULA APPLICATION VOL. I

- FHWA , 1984 71 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0

BUS ROUTE DEMAND MODELS

- SG - ASS. INC BOSTON, 1983 109 SET OF 3 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

BY LAND SEA AND AIR

- GEORGIANS FOR BETTER TRANSPORTATION , 1983 20 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 4 Newsletter - 0

CALIFORNIA FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM THE DRIVER: MAIN PROGRAM

- FHWA , 1980 80 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 0

CANDIDATE SIGNAL WARRANTS FROM GAP DATA - FHWA , 1983 73 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

CASE STUDIES USING EAROMAR FHWA-TS-84-219 - FHWA , 1984 160 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 19 Newsletter - CATALOG OF MAINTENANCE SAFETY/TRAINING & GENERAL INFORMATION VIDEO 7.,PES - MINNESOTA DOT , 1986 42 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

CATALOG OF RESEARCH STUDIES AND REPORTS - TEXAS COOPERATIVE HIGHWAY RESEARCH PROGRAM, 1988 228 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

CASE STUDIES IN RURAL TRANSPORTATION RESOURCE MANAGEMENT - USDOT , 1984 74 2 Agency - 24 Subject - 8 Newsletter - 0

CAUSES OF RISING TRANSIT OPERATING DEFICITS - USDOT , 1983 143 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

CENTRIFUGAL TESTING OF MODEL PILES AND PILE GROUPS - FHWA , 1984 43 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 35 Newsletter - 0

CHECKLIST FOR PREPARING BASIC MOTOR GRADER (29000 LBS. CLASS) SPECIFICATIONS - PURDUE UNIV , 1983 8 1 Agency - 8 Subject - 11 Newsletter - 0

COMMUNITY MODEL FOR HANDLING HAZARDOUS MATERIAL TRANSPORTATION EMERGENCIES EXECUTIVE SUMMARIES - USDOT , 1986 150 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 3 Newsletter - 0

COMMUTER AND EXPRESS BUS SERVICE IN THE SCAB REGION - SCAG TRANSIT SECTION , 1982 584. 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

COMPARISION OF THREE COMPACTORS USED IN POTHOLE REPAIR - COLD REGIONS LAB , 1984 14 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 21 Newsletter - 0

COMPILATION OF STATE LAWS AND REGULATIONS ON MATTERS AFFECTING RAIL HIGHWAY CROSSINGS - ASSOC. OF AMER RR , 1983 425+ 1 Agency - 9 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 4 COMPUTERIZED SIGNAL SYSTEMS: OVERVIEW AND PRODUCT SUMMARIES - FHWA , 1982 100+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

CONNECTIONS FOR MODULAR PRECAST CONCRETE BRIDGE DECKS - THE CONSULTING ENGINEES GROUP INC. IL, 1983 107+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0

CC=INATION OF TRANSPORTATION RESOURCES THE GEORGIA EXPERIENCE

GDOT , 1985 17 1 Agency - 16 Subject - 4 Newsletter - 0

CORRIDOR TRANSPORTATION MANAGEMENT FOR HIGHWAY RECONSTRUCTION - USDOT , 1986 182 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 8 Newsletter - 0

COSMIC SOFTWARE CATALOG

- NASA , 1984 350 1 Agency - 32 Subject - 22 Newsletter - 0

COUNTY STORM DRAINAGE MANUAL

- PURDUE UNIV , 1981 300+ 2 Agency - S Subject - 13 Newsletter - 0

CULVERT INSPECTION MANUAL

- FHWA , 1986 205 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 13 Newsletter - 0

DECAY IN WOOD BRIDGES

- CLARK AND ESLYN USDA, 1983 49+ 1 Agency - 10 bject - 12 Newsletter - 4

DECISION PROCEDURES IN TRANSIT STATION DESIGN - UNIV OF VIRGINIA , 1981 59 1 Agency - 4 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

DEMAND RESPONSIVE APPROACH TO HIGHWAY MAINTENANCE AND REHABILITATION-- VOL. 1: DEVELOPMENT OF CONCEPTS AND EXAMPLES - USDOT , 1987 59 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 19 Newsletter - DESCRIPTIONS OF TRANSIT MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS UMTA - , 1984 277 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF THE LINN COVE VIADUCT - FHWA , 1984 133 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0

DESIGN EXAMPLES FOR STEEL BOX GIRDERS - FHWA , 1986 50 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 35 Newsletter - 0

DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR RAISED AND TRAVERSABLE MEDIANS IN URBAN AREAS - UNIV OF VA AND VADOT , 1983 44+ 1 Agency - 27 Subject - 22 Newsletter - 0

DETERMINATION OF PEAK D:'::HARGE AND DESIGN HYDROGRAPHS FOR SMALL WATERSHEDS IN INDIANA - PURDUE UNIV , A964 106 1 Agency - 8 Subject - 13 Newsletter - 0

DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF— TRIP GENERATION RATES - FHWA , 1985 46+ 3 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH PRESSURE WATER JET FOR THE RAPID REMOVAL OF CONCRETE - DAEDALEAN ASS INC. MD, 1983 52+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 14 Newsletter - 0

DEVELOPMENT OF A MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR GA COUNTIES - UNIV GA , 1975 59 1 Agency - 11 Subject - 8 Newsletter - 0

DEVELOPMENT OF THE CALIFORNIA PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM VOL.1 - CA DOT , 1978 198+ 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

DEVELOPMENT OF THE CALIFORNIA ETIEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM VOL.2 - CA DOT , 1978 59 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0 DIAMOND INTERCHANGE PROGRAM USERS MANUAL - CALTRANS , 1980 60+ 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

DIGEST OF INFORMATION ON SUPER WATER REDUCERS - EXPERIMENTAL PROJECTS PROGRAM , 1984 21 1 Agency - 14 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

DOCUMENTATION OF THE CALIFORNIA RIGID PAVEMENT ANAGEMENT SYSTEM (RPMS) MICROCOMPUTER PROGRAM

- FHWA , 1986 50 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 0

DRAINAGE OF HIGHWAY PAVEMENTS

- TYE ENG INC VA, 1984 136 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 13 Newsletter - 6

DURABLE PAVEMENT MARKING MATERIALS WORKSHOPS - DINGLE ASS. INC DC, 1981 19 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 16 Newsletter - 0

DUST CONTROL ON UNPAVED ROADS

- PURDUE UNIV , 1959 18+ 1 Agency - 8 Subject - 15 Newsletter - 0

ECONOMICS OF REDUCING THE COUNTY ROAD SYSTEM: THREE CASE STUDIES IN IOWA

- USDOT , 1966 216 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0

EDUCATION AND TRAINING INFORMATION EXCHANGE - FHWA , 1985 41 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

EFFECTS OF TRAFFIC INDUCED VIBRATIONS ON BRIDGE DECK REPAIRS - UNIV KANSAS , 1983 22 1 Agency - 12 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0

EFFECTS OF TAXI REGULATORY REVISION IN SAN DIEGO CA - DE LEUW CATHER & CO CA, 1993 216+ 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0 EFFECTS OF TAXI REGULATORY REVISION IN SEATTLE WASH - DE LEUW CATHER & CO CA, 1983 160+ 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Nsletter - 0

ENGINEERED WOOD TRUSSES

- SE TRUSS MAN. ASS. , 1983 28 1 Agency - 13 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0

ENGINEERING BULLETIN OF PURDUE UNIV.

- PURDUE UNIV. , 1987 111 2 Agency - 8 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

ENGINEER'S POTHOLE REPAIR GUIDE

- COLD REGIONS TECH DIGEST, 1984 12 BOX Agency - 21 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 11

ENVIROMENTAL IMPACTS OF BART

- METRO TRANS COMM , 1979 20 1 Agency - 29 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

EPDXY THERMOPLASTIC (ETP) PAVEMENT MARKING MATERIAL

- FHWA , 1983 2 6 Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

EPDXY THERMOPLASTIC TRAFFIC MARKING MATERIAL

- FHWA , 1982 53 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter -

ESTIMATING PATRONAGE FOR COMMUNITY TRANSIT SERVICES

- USDOT , 1984 99 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

EUROPEAN PflATRANSIT EXPERIENCE - ECOPLAN INTER. FRANCE, 1981 42+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

EVALUATION OF INTERGOVERNMENTAL RESPONSIBILTIES FOR MAINTENANCE - FHWA , 1979 126 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 0 EVALUATION OF SNOWPLOWABLE MARKERS

- UNIV KENTUCKY , 1982 36 3 Agency - 6 Subject - 16 Newsletter - 0

EVALUATION OF STREETER AMET 13 CHANNEL VEHICLE TYPE PROGRAM - KANSAS DOT, 1985 11 1 Agency - 9 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0

EVALUATION WORKBOOK FOR PUBLIC SAFETY MANAGERS - VIRGINIA COMM UNIV , 1982 26 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

FEDERAL REGISTER

- DOT , 1980 21 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 17 Newsltter - 0

FHWA PUBLICATIONS INDEX

- FHWA , 1984 62 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

FHWA PUBLICATIONS INDEX

- FHWA , 1987 62 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

FIELD EVALUATION OF A GENERIC THERMOPLASTIC PAVEMENT MARKING MATERIAL

- FHWA , 1984 20 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 16 Newsletter - 0

FIELD EVALUATION OF AN IMPACT TESTING DEVICE FOR MEASURING BASE COURSE STRENGTH - PURDUE UNIV , 1983 78 1 Agency - 8 Subject - 18 Newsletter - 0

FIELD INSPECTION GUIDE FOR RESTORATION OF JOINTED CONCRETE PAVEMENTS - FHWA , 1987 54 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 14 Newsletter - 0

FIELD MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR GA COUNTIES LOCAL ROADS AND STREETS - GA TECH , 1975 184+ 1 Agency - 15 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 0 FIELD MANUAL ON DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF SEAL COATS - US DOT , 1931 84 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 0

FIELD TEST OF THE GRADE SEVERITY RATING SYSTEM - FHWA , 1985 49 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

FILMS FOR HIGHWAY SAFETY AND TRAFFIC ENGINEERS - FHWA , 1986 184 3 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE GUIDELINES

- FEMA , 1984 150+ 1 Agency - 14 Subject - e Newsletter - 0

FINANCING AND SUSTAINING MOBILITY PROGRAMS IN RURAL AREAS - USDOT , 1986 60 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0

FINANCING RURAL ROADS AND BRIDGES - USDA , 1984 225 2 Agency - 10 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0

FINGERPRINTING VERSUS FIELD PERFORMANCE OF 7AVING GRADE ASPHALTS - FHWA , 1984 132 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

FLEXIBILITY DOCUMENT

- USDOT , 1986 80 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 35 Newsletter - 0

FLEXIBLE DELINEATOR POST TEST PROCEDURES FHWA-TS-84-225 - FHWA , 1984 85 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 10

FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MICROCOMPUTER PROGRAM BASED ON CALIFORNIA PMS - CALTRAN$ , 1981 15+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 8 Newsletter - 0 FLEXIBLE PARKING REQUIREMENTS

- PUBLIC TECH INC. D.C., 1982 15+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 20 Newsletter - 0

FLY ASH FACTS FOR HIGHWAY ENGINEERS - FHWA , 1986 47 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 35 Newsletter - 0

FORT DUQUESNE BRIDGE: FRACTURE ANALYSIS OF FLANGE CORES - FHWA , 1984 60 1 Agency - 12 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 9

FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LOW-VOLUME ROADS VOLUME 1 - TRB , 191987 317 2 Agency - 18 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

FOURTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LOW-VOLUME ROADS VOLUME 2 - TRB , 191987 340 2 Agency - 18 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

FRONT END LOADERS 2-3 CYD ARTICULATING RUBBER TIRED 4-WHEEL DRIVE - PURDUE UNIV , 1983 8 1 Agency - 8 Subject - 11 Newsletter - 0

FUNDAMENTALS OF THE STABILIZATION OF SOIL WITH LIME

- NATIONAL LIME ASSOCIATION , 191987 20 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 18 Newsletter - 0

GASAHOL FACTS ABOUT

- SOLAR ENERGY INF DATA BANK, 1977 5 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 21 Newsletter - 0

GEORGIA TRUCK WEIGHT LAWS AND TRAFFIC CONTROL WORKSHOP

- GDOT , 1984 15+ 1 Agency - 15 Subject - 28 Newsletter - 12

GOOD PRACTICES GUIDE FEDERAL-AID URBAN SYSTEM PROGRAM

- FHWA , 1985 22 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0 GREEN BAY TRANSIT SERVICE COST ALLOCATION STUDY

- USDOT , 1986 45 1 Agency - 24 Subject - I Newsletter - 0

GROWTH MANAGEMENT AND TRANSPORTATION

- PUBLIC TECH INC. D.C., 1982 29+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 8 Newsletter - 0

GUIDELINES FOR DESIGN OF LOCAL ROADS AND STREETS - PENNDOT , 1983 65+ 1 Agency - 16 Subject - 22 Newsletter - 0

GUIDELINES FOR MAKING PEDESTRIAN CROSSING STRUCTURES ACCESSIBLE - FHWA , 1964 27 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 23 Newsletter - 0

GUIDE MANUAL RECORDS AND REPORTS FOR INDIANA COUNTY HIGHWAY DEPARTMENTS - PURDUE UNIV , 1981 186 1 Agency - 8 Subject - 8 Newsletter - 0

GUIDE TO INNOVATIVE FINANCING MECHANISMS FOR MASS TRANSPORTATION - USDOT , 1985 66 1 Agency -24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

HANDBOOK ON DESIGN OF PILS AND DRILLED SHAFTS UNDER LATERAL LOAD - UNIV TEXAS , 1984 354+ 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0

HEX-FOAM G-R-E-A-T SYSTEM DESIGN AND INSTALLATION MANUAL - ENERGY ABSORPTION SYSTEMS INC., 1984 50 1 Agency - 23 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

HIGHWAY APPLICATIONS OF MICROCOMPUTERS

- TEXAS ENGINEERING EXTENSION SERVICE, 191987 153 2 Agency - 30 Subject - 32 Newsletter - 0

HIGHWAY CAPACITY SOFTWARE USER'S MANUAL - USDOT , 1987 150+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 32 Newsletter - 0 HIGHWAY INFRASTRUCTURE: OPPORTUNITIES FOR INNOVATION

- ASCE , 19E5 127 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

HIGHWAY NETWORK ANALYSIS HNET/UROAD LECTURE GUIDE - FHWA , 1986 80 1 Agency - 5 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

HIGHWAY SAFETY OVERVIEWS

- OFF OF HW SAFETY , 1984 43+ 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

HIGHWAY STATISTICS 1982

HW STAT DIV , 1982 181 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

HIGHWAY STATISTICS 1983

- HW STAT DIV , 1983 181 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

HIGHWAY STATISTICS 1984 - FHWA , 1984 195 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

HIGHWAY TAXES AND FEES

FHWA , 1986 88 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0

HOLE STORY

- AMER PUB WORKS ASSOC. , 1983 20+ 12 Agency - 24 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

HOT MIX BITUMINOUS PAVING MATERIAL

- FHWA , 1984 100+ 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

HOT MIX RECYCLING

- KANSAS DOT , 1983 26 1 Agen,:y - 12 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0 HOW TO SAVE LIVES AND REDUCE INJURIES CITIZEN ACTIVIST GUIDE TO EFFECTIVELY FIGHT DRUNK DRIVING

- NHTSA , 1982 100+ 1 Agency - 2 Subject - 34 Newsletter - 0

HYDRAULIC DESIGN OF HIGHWAY CULVERTS

- FHWA , 1985 253 3 Agency - 6 Subject - 13 Newsletter - 0

HYDROLOGY

- FHWA , 1984 342 1 Agency - 31 Subject - 6 Newsletter -

ICE-MELTING CHARACTERISTICS OF CALCIUM MAGNESIUM ACETATE

- FHWA , 1986 12 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 35 Newsletter - 0

IDENTIFICATION ANALYSIS AND CORRECTION OF HIGH ACCIDENT LOCATIONS - MIDWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE , 1975 134+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

IMPACT OF TRAFFIC ON RESIDENTIAL AREAS - US DOT , 1982 34 2 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

IMPLEMENTATION CATALOG

- FHWA , 1985 121 10 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

IMPLEMENTATION OF DOWNTOWN AUTO-RESTRICTED PROJECTS - USDOT , 1984 223 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 23 Newsletter - 0

IMPROVED BACKFILL STABILIZATION MATERIALS

- SW RESEARCH INSTITUTE , 1985 19 1 Agency - 29 Subject - 14 Newsletter - 0

IMPROVED FABRICATION AND INSPECTION OF WELDED CONNECTIONS . IN BRIDGE STRUCTURES - GARD INC., 1984 111 1 Agency - 12 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 8 IMPROVING GUARDRAIL INSTALLATIONS ON LOCAL ROADS AND STREETS

- FHWA 1986 37 13 Agency - 6 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 14

IMPROVING SUBDRAINAGE AND SHOULDERS OF EXISTING PAVEMENTS - UNIV ILLINOIS , 1982 212+ 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 13 Newsletter - 4

INFLATION-RESPONSIVE FINANCING FOR STREETS AND HIGHWAYS - PUBLIC TECH INC. D. C., 1982 40+ 1 Agency - 17 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0

INSPECTORS'S JOB GUIDE FOR CONSTRUCTION

- UNIV. OF MISSOURI-ROLLA , 1986 12 2 Agency - 30 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

INSPECTOR'S MANUAL FOR TRAFFIC SIGNAL CONSTRUCTION - TEXAS DEPT. OF HIGHWAYS, 1985 70 5 Agency - 30 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

INSPECTOR'S POCKET GUIDE FOR SURFACE TREATMENT CONSTRUCTION

- GDOT , 1986 41 2 Agency - 15 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

INTERCEPTING DOWNTOWN-BOUND TRAFFIC - US DOT , 1982 66 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

INTERMODAL FREIGHT TRANSPORTATION

- ENO FOUNDATION FOR TRANSPORTATION, 1985 214 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 33 Newsletter - 0

INTERSTATE HIGHWAY TRADE-IN PROCESS VOL 1 - POLYTECH INST NY, 1992 25+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 22 Newsletter - 0

INTERSTATE HIGHWAY TRADE-IN PROCESS VOL 2 - POLYTECH INST NY, 1982 60+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 22 Newsletter - 0 JUNKYARDS THE HIGHWAY AND VISUAL QUALITY - ORG FOR ENVIO GROWTH INC. WASH DC, 1979 129+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

LIME STABILIZATION CONSTRUCTION MANUAL

- NATIONAL LIME ASSOC. , 191987 48 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 18 Newsletter - 0

LISTS: TRANSPORTATION BROKERAGE FOR THE ELDERLY AND HANDICAPPED - UMTA , 1984 136 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 23 Newsletter - 0

LOCAL FUNDING OPTIONS FOR wisc0r2iN URBAN TRANSITS SYSTEMS - WIS DOT , 1982 82 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

LONGITUDINAL EDGE DRAINS IN RIGID PAVEMENT SYSTEMS - FHWA , 1986 135 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 13 Newsletter - 0

LONG-TERM EVALUATION OF THE ACOUSTIC EMISSION WELD MONITOR - FHWA , 191988 59 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0

LOW-COST METHODS FOR IMPROVING TRAFFIC OPERATIONS ON TWO-LANE ROADS - FHWA , 1987 103 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

LOW-VOLUME ROADS: THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 1983 - TRANS RES BD , 1983 378+ 2 Agency - 18 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

MAINTENANCE AND HIGHWAY SAFETY HANDBOOK - FHWA , 1977 GE 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

MAINTENANCE OF HIGHWAY SAFETY HARDWARE

- FHWA , 1983 2 4 Agency - 6 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 0 MAINTENANCE MANAGING THE MAITENANCE FUNCTION PART C- PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE - PLANT ENG LIBRARY , 1981 33 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 0

MAINTENANCE PRACTICES FOR LOCAL ROADS

- PENNSYLVANIA DOT , 1984 100+ SET Agency - 6 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 0

MANAGING HIGHWAY MAINTENANCE

- FHWA , 1972 20 5 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

MANUAL OF GUIDANCE

- GDOT 1981 20 1 Agency - 15 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

MANUAL ON COUNTERMEASURES FOR SIGN VANDALISM

- FHWA 1986 159 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

MANUAL ON REAL-TIME MOTORIST INFORMATION DISPLAYS

- FHWA , 1986 193 1 Agency - E Suct - 35 Newsletter - 0

MANUAL ON UNIFORM TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES

- FHWA , 1986 200 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter 7 0

MASTERING TRAFFIC ENGINEEERING

- MILITARY TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT COMMAND, 1981 64+ 2 Agency - 10 Subject - 20 Newsletter - 8

MICROCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN TRAFFIC ENGINEERING AGENCIES - DIAZ SECKINGER & ASS. INC., 1983 50+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

MICROCOMPUTER PROGRAM FOR BRIDGE ANALYSIS AND RATING

- NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV. , 1985 150+ 2 Agency - 30 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0 MICROCOMPUTERS IN TRANSIT - USDOT , 1985 85 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

MICROSOFT FORTRAN COMPILER - MICROSOFT 1984 264 1 Agency - SO Subject - 32 Newsletter - 0

MINOR MAINTENANCE MANUAL FOR COUNTY BRIDGES - HERPICC , 1984 55 1 Agency - 12 Subject - 8 Newsletter - 0

MODEL COUNTY SUBDIVISION REGULATIONS - PURDUE UNIV , 1983 55+ 2 Agency - 8 Subject - 28 Newsletter - 0

MOTORIST DIRECTION-FINDING AIDS RECOVERY FROM FREEWAY EXITING ERRORS - TURNER-FAIRBANK HW RESEARCH CENTER, 1984 47 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 10

NATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL PROJECTS TABULATION - FHWA , 1985 453 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

NATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL PROJECTS TABULATION

- EXP APP AND EVAL , 1984 456 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter -

NATIONAL EXPERIMENTAL PROJECTS TABULATION

- EXP APP AND EVAL , 1986 305 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

NATIONAL HIGHWAY INSTITUTE COURSE CATALOG - NHI , 1988 131 1 Agency - 6 Subject 24 Newsletter - 0

NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS

- TRANS SYS CENTER , 1983 34 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0 NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS

- TRANS SYS CENTER , 1982 400+ 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS

- TRANS SYS CENTER , 1983 500+ 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

NATIONAL URBAN MASS TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS

- TRANS SYS CENTER , 1984 500+ 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

NATIONAL WEIGH IN MOTION CONFERENCE

- COLORADO DOT , 1983 400+ 1 Agency - 4 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

NATIONWIDE STANDARDS RESEARCH PROJECT FOR PUBLICY OWNED ELEMENTARY AND HIGH SCHOOLS - ORG. FOR ENVIRO. GROWTH INC. WASH DC, 1980 157+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 17 Newsletter - 0

NIGHT VISIBILITY OF OVERHEAD GUIDE SIGNS: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE - TURNER-FAIRBANK RESEARCH CENTER, 1984 91 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 10

OFFICIAL CODE OF GEORGIA--ANNOTATED VOL. 23

- GDOT , 19 20 1 Agency - 15 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

OPERATION AND PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF DRUM MIX PLANTS - FHWA , 1984 83+ BOX Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 9

OUR NATION'S HIGHWAYS

- FHWA , 1981 23 8 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

OUTDOOR ADVERTISING CONTROL AND ACQUISTITION - FHWA , 1981 23 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0 OUTDOOR TESTING OF REFLECTIVE SIGN MATERIALS - FOREST SERVICE , 1985 41 3 Agency - 6 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

PAN AMERICAN HIGHWAY MAINTENANCE CONFERENCE - FHWA , 1985 200 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

PARATRANSIT FOR THE WORK TRIP: COMMUTER RIDESHARING - MULiISYSTEMS INC. MASS, 1982 88 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

PATCHING FLEXIBLE AND RIGID PAVEMENTS

- NY DOT , 1979 20 1 Agency - 6 Subject - G Newsletter -

PASER MANUAL

- TRANSP. INFO. CTR. UNIV. OF WISCONSIN-MADISON, 191987 39 11 Agency - 30 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

PASS PRICING DEMONSTRATION IN CINCINNATI

- UMTA , 1984 164 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0

PAVEMENT CONDITION RATING GUIDE

- FHWA , 1985 202 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 0

PAVEMENT CUTS FOR UTILITT7S: A GUIDE FOR THEIR MANAGEMENT - HERPICC 1984 25 1 Agency - 6 Subject - B Newsletter - 0

PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT AND REHABILITATION OF PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENTS - TRANS RES BD , 1981 70 1 Agency - 13 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT REHABILITATION PROGRAMMING: EIGHT STATES' EXPERIENCES - FHWA , 1983 76+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0 PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF MARICOPA COUNTY ARIZONA - AZ DOT , 1982 13 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

PAVEMENT PATCHING GUIDELINES

- RESOURCE INTER INC.OHIO, 1993 72 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

PAYING FOR TRANSPORTATION AT THE LOCAL LEVEL: 17 STRATEIES

- APWA , 1984 24 1 Agency - 31 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0

PEDESTRIAN SAFETY PROBLEM

- USDOT , 1985 21 5 Agency - 24 Subject - 23 Newsletter - 0

PHASE II--FINAL REPORT MANUAL FOR SMALL TOWNS AND RURAL AREAS TO DEVELOP A HAZARDOUS MATERIALS EMERGENCE PLAN - USDOT , 1986 60 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 3 Newsletter - 0

PHASE III FINAL REPORT RISK ASSESSMENT VULNERABILITY VALIDATION STUDY VOL.2 APPENDICES:11 INDIVIDUAL STUDIES - US DOT , 1993 290 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 3 Newsletter - 0

PHOENIX TRANSIT SUNDAY DAIL-A-RIDE

- CRAIN & ASS. INC. CALF, 1983 28+ 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

PLANNING SERVICES FOR TRANSPORTATION-HANDICAPPED PEOPLE-- DATA COLLECTION MANUAL - PEAT MARWICK MITCHELL & CO. WASH DC, 1983 200+ 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

7 OTHOLE PRIMER

- CORPS OF ENG. , 1981 23+ BOX Agency - 21 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 0

POTHOLE PRIMER

- CORPS OF ENG. , 1985 29 BOX Agency - 21 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 11 PRACTICAL GUIDELINES FOR MINIMIZING TORT LIABILITY - TRANS RES BD , 1983 39+ 2 Agency - 18 Subject - 30 Newsletter - 10

PRIMER ON WASTEWATER TREATMENT - EPA , 1976 26 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 13 Newsletter - 0

PRIORITY ACCESSIBLE NETWORK FOR THE ELDERLY AND HANDICAPPED PEDESTRIANS IN NEW ORLEANS - REG TRANS AUTH LA, 1984 68+ 3 Agency - 6 Subject - 23 Newsletter - 0

PRIORITY ACCESSIBLE NETWORK FOR THE ELDERLY AND HANDICAPPED IN SEATTLE - CITY OF SEATTLE , 1984 38 3 Agency - 6 Subject - 23 Newsletter - 0

PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT IN URBAN TRANSPORTATION - FHWA 1986 31 3 Agency - 6 Subject - 4 Newsletter - 0

PROCEEDINGS: FOURTH ANNUAL PEDESTRIAN CONFERENCE - USDOT , 1984 341 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 23 Newsletter - 0

PROCEEDINGS WORKSHOP IN PAVEMENT REHABILITATION - FHWA TECH SHARING, 1984 225 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 11

PROGRAM DETAIL MANUAL

- NATL. INST. FOR CERTIFICATION IN ENG'S TECHNOLOGIES, 191986 36+ 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 17 Newsletter - 0

PROJECT RIGHT OF WAY; DEVELOPMENT OF A TRANSPORTATION COOPERATIVE IN BOSTON - UMTA ,-1984 79 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 35 Newsletter - 0

PUBLICATIONS CATALOG

- TRB 1988 91 1 Agency - 18 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0 PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS IN TRANSPORTATION: A CASEBOOK FOR LOCAL ELECTED OFFICIALS - USDOT , 1936 155 3 Agency - 25 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0

QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR SMALL LOCAL GOVERNMENTS - BYRD TALLAMY MACDONALD & LEWIS VA, 1983 62+ 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 29 Newsletter - 10

QUEWZ-85

- TEXAS TRANSPORTATION T2 CENTER , 1985 20 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 10 Newsletter .7 0

RAIL-HIGHWAY CROSSING RESOURCE ALLOCATION PROCEDURE USER'S GUIDE - US DOT , 1982 82+. 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 2 Newsletter 5

RAIL-HIGHWAY GRADE CROSSING PROGRAMS FOR INDIANA COUNTY HIGHWAYS AND CITY STREETS - HERPICC , 1984 117+ 1 Agency - 3 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

RAISED PAVEMENT MARKERS AT HAZARDOUS LOCATIONS - FHWA , 1984 71 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 16 Newsletter - 9

RAPID SET EPDXY ADHESIVE FOR PAVEMENT MARKERS - FHWA , 1983 19 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 16 Newsletter - 0

RATIONAL METHOD FOR UPGRADING TOWED VESSEL SAFETY

- USDOT , 1986 159 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 35 Newsletter - 0

RECENT TRANSPORTATION LITERATURE FOR PLANNING AND ENGINEERING LIBRARIANS - VANCE BILB , 1983 43 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

REDESIGN AND FIELD OPERATION OF A SELF-PROPELLED CAVITATING CONCRETE REMOVAL SYSTEM - FHWA , 1984 43 1 Agency - 14 Subject - 6 Newsletter - REFLECTION CRACKING IN BITUMINOUS OVERLAYS ON RIGID PAVEMENTS

- FHWA , 1983 29 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 14 Newsletter - 0

REHABILITATION OF EXISTING BRIDGES

- FHWA , 1984 VOLUMES I & II Agency - C. Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0

RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS CATALOGUE

- MINISTRY OF TRANSPORTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS--ONTARIO, 1984 118 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

REPORT OF THE STATUS OF INNOVATIVE COST SAVING TECHNOLOGIES PROMOTED BY THE FEDERAL HIGHWAY ADMINISTRATION - USDOT , 1985 40 2 Agency - 24 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

RETROFIT RAILINGS FOR NARROW THROUGH TRUSS 44D OTHER OBSOLETE BRIDGE STRUCTURES

- FHWA , 1986 220 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0

REVIEW OF ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE FOR TRANSIT

- UMTA , 1986 80 2 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

REVIEW OF FEDERAL-AID URBAN SYSTEM PROGRAM

- FHWA , 1985 55 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0

RISK ASSESSMENT/VULNERABILITY USERS 1ANUAL FOR SMALL COMMUNITIES AND RURAL AREAS

- USDOT , 1986 109 1 Agency - 24 Subject - Newsletter - 0

RISK MANAGEMET SEMINAR

- ALABAMA T2 CENTER, 1984 138 1 Agency - 23 Subject - 30 Newsletter - 0

ROAD HUMPS FOR THE CONTROL OF VEHICLE SPEEDS - TRANSPORT AND ROAD RESEARCH LAB, 1973 25 1 Agency - 22 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0 ROAD SURFACE MANAGEMENT FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENTS - US DOT SIX CASE STUDIES, 1985 110 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 10

ROAD SURFACE MANAGEMENT FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENTS - COURSE NOTEBOOK US DOT, 1965 100+ 2 Agency - 24 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 0

ROADWAY DELINEATION PRACTICES HANDBOOK

- JHK & ASS. SAN FRAN, 1981 109+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 16 Newsletter - 0

ROADWAY LIGHTING HANDBOOK

- FHWA , 1983 50 2 ACIE7:y - 6 Subject - 22 Newsletter - 5

ROLE OF REHABILITATION IN TRANSIT FLEET REPLACEMENT - PUGET SOUND COUN OF GOV , 1983 58+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

ROUTE-LEVEL DEMAND MODELS: A REVIEW

- USDOT , 1982 59 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

RURAL COMMUNITIES AND THE AMERICAN FARM - OFFICE OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY, 1984 30 1 Agency - 29 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

RURAL PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION PERFORMANCE EVALUATION GUIDE - PENN DOT , 1982 75+ 2 Agency - 24 Subject - 8 Newsletter - 0

RURAL TRANSIT: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

- UNIV CALF , 1983 31 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 8 Newsletter - 0

RURAL TRANSPORTATION ACCOUNTING

- USDOT , 1986 60 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 26 Newsletter - RURAL TRANSPORTATION INTEREST SHARING NETWORK: A DIRECTORY ASSISTANCE - SOUTHERN RURAL DEVELC7MENT CENTER, 1987 21 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

SAFER BRIDGE RAILING VOLUME 1 SUMMARY REPORT

- FHWA 1984 154 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0

SAFETY AND TRAFFIC IMPLEMENTATION DIVISION

- OFF. OF IMPLEMENTATION , 1983 20+ 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

SAFETY COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF INCREMENTAL CHANGES IN CROSS-SECTION DESIGN - FHWA , 1987 89 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

SAN ANTONIO'S 1983 BUS PASSENGER SURVEY

- USDOT , 1983 50 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

SCENARIO PLANNING: ENERGY CONSIDERATIONS IN THE LONG RANGE URBAN TRANSPORTATION PLANNING PROCESS - BALTIMORE REG PLAN COUNCIL , 1983 220+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 21 Newsletter - 0

SELDOM USED SPECIFICATIONS

- PENN DOT , 1983 30+ 1 Agency - 16 Subject - 28 Newsletter - 0

SELECTED LIBRARY ACQUISITIONS

- US DOT , 1985-86 44+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

SELECTION OF COST-EFFECTIVE COUNTERMEASURES FOR UTILITY POLE ACCIDENTS USER'S MANUAL - FHWA 1986 179 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

SIGNAL TIMING OPTIMAZATION: A BIBLIOGRAPHY

- UNIV CALF , 1983 10 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0 SINGLE AND/OR TANDEM AXLE DUMP TRUCKS A CHECKLIST - PURDUE UNIV , 1903 20+ 3 Agency - 8 Subject - 11 Newsletter - 0

SITE IMPACT EVALUATION HANDBOOK FHWA , 1985 34+ 3 Agency - 6 Subject - 29 Newsletter - 0

SMALL URBANIZED AREA TRANSPORTATION PLANNING CASE STUDY FHWA , 1985 83+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

SOFTWARE AND SOURCE BOOK

- USDOT , 1985 213 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 32 Newsletter - 0

SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON TRANSPORTATION PLANNING METHODS

- FHWA , 1986 125 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS -CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS AND BRIDGES - GA DOT , 1983 880 1 Agency - 15 Subject - 28 Newsletter - 0

STATE AND LOCAL HIGHWAY TRAINING AND TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES - NHI , 1988 235 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

STATE-OF-THE-ART IN ASPHALT PAVEMENT SPECIFICATIONS - SHELADIA ASS. INC., 1984 173 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 8

STAT .: -IF-THE-ART REPORT: RESIDENTIAL TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

- FHWA , 1980 172 1 Agency - G Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

STATUS OF ALABAMA LAW REGARDING TRAFFIC ACCIDENT LIABILITY

- DAVIS CARR , 1984 138 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 30 Newsletter - 0 STATUS REPORT RTAP

- FHWA , 1986 66 3 Agency - 6 Subject - 9 Newsletter - 0

STEEL SHEET PILING DESIGN MANUAL

- USS STEEL , 1964 132+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 25 Newsletter - 0

STREET CUTS IN CITY AND COUNTY STREETS

- PURDUE UNIV , 1983 95 2 Agency - 8 Subject - 22 Newsletter - 0

STREET PATCHING OPERATIONS: FIELD TEST EVALUATION PROGRAM; UPM COLD PATCH - PUBLIC TECH WASH DC, 1981 13+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

SURFACE DESIGN AND REHABILITATION GUIDELINES FOR LOW-VOLUME ROADS - FHWA , 1987 10 1 Agency - G Subject - 19 Newsletter - 0

SURFACE TREATMENT INSPECTOR'S MANLL

- GDCT , 1996 40 2 Agency - 15 Subject - 19 Newsletter - 0

SURVEY OF ALTERNATIVES TO THE USE OF CHLORIDES FOR HIGHWAY DEICING - OFF. OF R&D , 1977 20+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 16 Newsletter - 0

SYNTHESIS OF SAFETY RESEARCH RELATED TO TRAFFIC CONTROL AND ROADWAY ELEMENTS yo L. 1 - FHWA , 1982 150 2 Agency - IS Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

TAMPA SYMPOSIUM HIGHLIGHTS

- PRICE WILLIAMS AND ASS. INC., 1984 58 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter -

TASK FORCE IMPLEMENTATION GUIDELINES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STATE AND COMMUNITY ALCOHOL HIGHWAY SAFETY PROGRAMS - NHTSA , 1983 50+ 1 Agency - 2 Subject - 34 Newsletter - 0 TAXI-BASED SPECIL TRANSIT SERVICES

- UNIV CALF , 1983 101+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

TAXI-BASED REGULATORY REVISION IN OAKLAND AND BERKELY CALF: TWO CASE STUDIES - CRAIN & ASSOC. CALIF, 1983 584. 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROGRAM

- GDOT , 1985 80 1 Agency - 15 Subject - 35 Newsletter - 0

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PRIMER

- FHWA , 1984 57 4 Agency - 5 Subject - 9 Newsletter - 0

TEMPORY ASPHALT ISLAND

- FHWA , 1983 4 5 Agency - 6 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

TEMPORY ROAD MARKERS MAINTENANCE TROUBLESHOOTER

- UTAH DOT , 1982 7 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 16 Newsletter - 0

THICKNESS DESIGN

- ASPHALT INSTITUTE , 1986 72 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 6 Newsletter - 0

TIEBACKS

- SCHNABEL FOUNDATIO CO MARYLAND, 1983 219+ 1 Agency - 6 Stlject - 18 Newsletter - 0

TIEBACKS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

- SCHNABEL FOUNDATION CO MD, 1992 15 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 18 Newsletter - 0

TIME BASED COORDINATION UNIT SPECIFICATIONS - STORCH ENGS. CT, 1982 39 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 28 Newsletter - 0 TIPS FROM THE FIELD INNOVATIVE TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT

- IOWA STATE UNIV. , 191988 14 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 35 Newsletter - 0

TRAFFIC CONTROL FOR STREET AND HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS - BYRD TALLAMY MACDONALD & LEWIS VA, 1978 200+ 3 Agency - 6 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

TRAFFIC CONTROLLER SYNCHRONIZER FIELD TEST EVALUATION - OFF OF R&D , 1982 20+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

TRAFFIC DETECTOR HANDBOOK

- FHWA , 1985 318 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

TRAFFIC ENGINEERING SERVICES FOR SMALL POLITICAL JURISDICTIONS - AMER PUB WORKS ASS , 1977 133 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

TRAFFIC MITIGATION REFERENCE GUIDE

- USDOT , 1984 116 2 Agency - 24 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

TRAFFIC SIGNAL BRIGHTNESS: AN EXAMINATION OF NIGHTTIME DIMMING - FHWA , 1985 17 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

TRAFFIC SIGNAL OPTIMIZATION PROGRAMS -A COMPARISION STUDY - C CLATERBLOS KANSAS, 1984 54 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

TRAFFIC SIGNAL TIMING A BIBLIOGRAPHY

- UNIV OF CALIF , 1983 20 1 Agency - 19 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

TRAFFIC SIGNAL TIMING --BEFORE AND AFTER STUDIES: A BIBLIOGRAPHY - UNIV CALF , 1963 6 2 Agency - 19 Subject - 10 Newsletter - TRA771C SIGN HANDBOOK

- NYDOT , 1985 103 1 Agency - 30 Subject - 10 Newsletter - 0

TRAFFIC STRIPE REMOVAL

- FHWA , 1980 60 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 15 Newsletter - 0

TRANSIT CAPITAL PLANNING IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA

- USDOT , 1983 35+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0

TRANSIT DATA COLLECTION DESIGN MANUAL

- USDOT , 1985 2732 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

TRANSIT INVENTORY SYSTEM CASE STUDY

- USDOT , 1985 58+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

TRANSIT MANAGEMENT WORKSHOP

- UNIV WIS , 1982 5 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

TRANSIT SUBSIDY ALLOCATION TECHNIQUES

- THE OMEGA GROUP INC. WASH DC, 1983 21+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

TRANSIT WORKS: 10 RURAL CASE STUDIES

- IND DOT , 1982 100 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

TRANSPORTATION ENERGY CONTINGENCY PLANNING: QUANTIFYING THE NEEDS FOR TRANSIT ACTIONS - NY DOT , 1983 111 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 21 Newsletter - 0

TRANSPORTATION ENERGY COMTINGENCY PLANNING: TRANSIT FUEL SUPPLIES UNDER DECONTROL - CABOT CONS GROUP WASH DC, 1982 38 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 21 Newsletter - 0 TRANSPORTATION ENERGY MANAGEMENT: CURRENT TRANSIT OPERATOR ACTIVITIES - METRO SEATTLE, 1982 24+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 21 Newsletter - 0

TRANSPORTATION ENERGY MANAGEMENT: TRANSIT OPERATOR FACILITIES VOL. 1 OFFICE GUIDE - METRO SEATTLE, 1332 36 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 21 Newsletter - 0

TRANSPORTATION ENERGY MANAGEMENT: TRANSIT OPERATOR FACILITIES VOL. 2 FIELD GUIDE - METRO SEATTLE, 1982 105 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 21 Newsletter - 0

TRANSPORTATION IN GEORGIA

- GDOT , 1983 24 1 Agency - 15 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

TRANSPORTATION INSTITUTIONAL BOTTLENECKS AND BARRIERS TO U.S EXPORTS

- USDOT , 1984 157 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 35 Newsletter - 0

TRANSPORTATION OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS '

- PUBLIC TECH WASH DC, 1930 50 1 Agency - 17 Subject - 3 Newsletter - 0

TRANSPORTATION NEEDS AND PROGRAMS SUMMARY - PUBLIC TECH INC., 1932 283 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 4 Newsletter -

TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD PUBLICATIONS CATALOG

- TRB , 1936 59 1 Agency - 18 Subject - 24 Newsletter -

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION AND IMPACTS - CASE STUDIES US DOT, 1982 300+ 1 Agency , 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION AND IMPACTS - FINAL REPORT US DOT, 1982 115 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0 TRANSPORTATION WORKPLACE SURVEY

- NAT ANALYSTS , 1981 300+ 1 Agency - 15 Subject - 4 Newsletter - 0

TRENDS BEFORE THE SAN DIEGO TROLLEY

- SAN DIEGO , 1982 176 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

TRUSS RATING AND ANALYSIS PROGRAM

FHWA , 1986 56+ 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 0

UPGRADING DEFICIENT THROUGH TRUSS BRIDGES

- SHELADIA ASS. MD , 1923 122 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 12 Newsletter - 4

USE OF UTPS FOR SUBAREA HIGHWAY ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY

- USDOT , 1985 56 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 32 Newsletter - 0

USER-SIDE SUBSIDIES FOR THE ELDERLY AND HANDICAPPED IN LAWRENCE MA

- UMTA , 1984 118 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 23 Newsletter - 0

USER-SIDE SUBSIDY PROGRAMS FOR SPECIAL NEEDS TRANSPORTATION - UMTA , 1983 97+ 2 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

UTCS FUNCTIONAL HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS HANDBOOK - FHWA , 1986 100+ 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 32 Newsletter - 0

UTILITY POLE ACCIDENT COUNTERMEASURES EVALUATION PROGRAM AND INPUT PROCESSOR USERS MANUAL - FHWA , 1986 76 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

VALUE ENGINEERING CONTRACT PROVISIONS ON FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS - FHWA , 1994 27 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0 VALUE ENGINEERING STUDY OF DRAINAGE MAINTENANCE - FHWA 1982 19+ 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 13 Newsletter - 0

VALUE ENGINEERING STUDY OF GUARDRAIL AND IMPACT ATTENUATOR REPAIR - FHWA , 1987 51 2 Agency - 6 Subject - 17 Newsletter - 0

VEHICLE MAITENANCE PRACTICES AMONG GRANTEES - WASH DOT , 1981 27+ 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0

VOLUNTEERISM IN PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

- USDOT , 1986 67 2 Agency - 24 Subject - 26 Newsletter - 0

WAGE SURVEY OF ROAD AND STREET EMPLOYEES IN INDIANA COUNTIES AND CITIES-1964 - PURDUE UNIV , 1984 34 1 Agency - 8 Subject - 24 Newsletter - 0

WARRANTS FOR TEMPORARY POSITIVE BARRIERS IN HIGHWAY WORK AREAS - USDOT , 1982 13 1 Agency - 24 Subject - 2 Newsletter - 0

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN YOUR PROPERTY IS NEEDED FOR A FEDERAL-AID HIGHWAY - GA DOT , 1980 20 1 Agency - 15 Subject - 28 Newsletter - C

WHO'S GOING TO CALL THE FIRST MEETING ACTION GUIDE FOR LOCAL DRUNK DRIVING PROGRAMS - NHTSA , 1983 50+ 1 Agency -'2 Subject - 34 Newsletter - 0

WILDLIFE CONSIDERATIONS IN PLANNING AND MANAGING HIGHWAY CORRIDORS - US DEPT OF INTERIOR , 1982 93 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 27 Newsletter - 0

WORLD'S FAIR TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM EVALUATION 1982 - TENN DOT , 1982 174 1 Agency - 1 Subject - 1 Newsletter - 0 YOUR RIGHTS AND BENEFITS AS A HIGHWAY DISPLACEE - OFF. OF ROW , 1981 46 1 Agency - 6 Subject - 28 Newsletter - 0 APPENDIX C—Video Tape List

VIDEO TAPES NOW AVAILABLE FROM THE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER

The Technology Transfer Center is beginning a video tape library. The VHS tapes listed below may be borrowed, at no charge, for a two week period. Please phone or write and request no more than two tapes at a time. Specify the tapes you want by the number in the left hand column.

SAFETY AND TRAFFIC

ST-201 The Winners--The Losers (13 minutes) Safe use of lift trucks including inspection and hazards facing operators.

ST-205 Traffic Control and Tort Liability (50 minutes) Gives suggestions concerning traffic control devices for local jurisdictions to help avoid tort liability suits. Tort Liability (60 minutes) Discusses tort liability and local jurisdiction responsibility with respect to design and operation of transportation facilities.

ST-212 Night Safety at Worksites (12 minutes) Specifications for providing a safe nighttime environment in construction zones. Work Area Flagging (25 minutes) When and where to use flagging, responsibilities and requirements of flaggers, and proper flagging procedures. Selection and Use of Traffic Control Devices (30 minutes) Objectives of work area traffic control, selection of proper control devices.

ST-213 Introduction to Work Area Traffic Control (30 minutes) Basic principles of work area traffic control and inputs into selecting proper traffic control. Partners in Safety (15 minutes) Describes work area traffic control and how to use it properly to achieve cooperation between the road user, contractor and flagger. Sample Applications of Work Area Traffic Control (30 minutes) Devices used as work area traffic control for both mobile or short and long term construction zones. Speed Zoning by Montana Highway Patrol (30 minutes) Describes background and misconceptions of speed zoning and the procedures for determining speeds of highways and local roads.

MAINTENANCE

M-201 The Snowfighters (24 minutes) Methods, procedures, and equipment for snow removal on streets and highways.

M-202 Down is Up (20 minutes) Preventive maintenance is stressed to reduce down time on construction sites.

M-203 The Choice is Yours (18 minutes) Preventive maintenance on diesel engines is stressed to get maximum life from the engine.

M-204 Signals: Read 'Em or Weep (20 minutes) Indications of problems with equipment.

M-205 Upgrading Gravel Roads (20 minutes) Discusses how gravel and asphalt roads can be recycled using low cost alternatives. Rural Roads, A New Approach (27 minutes) Discusses gravel road problems and solutions to these problems including the use of filter fabrics on gravel roads and strengthening old bridges to handle modern loads.

M-206 Introduction to Bridge Inspection (25 minutes) Prepared for agencies that are required to inspect bridges in their jurisdiction. Covers federal requirements, reference materials, condition inspection and rating, structural inventory, and safety considerations.. Pre-Stressed Concrete Bridge Inspection (50 minutes) Describes pre-stressed concrete bridges, inspection sequence, and how to prepare for an on-site inspection. Inspection of Pin and Link Details on Bridge Structures (32 minutes) Discusses pin and link details and inspection procedures.

M-207 Steel Truss Bridge Inspection (50 minutes) Discusses inspection of small truss bridges including equipment, reporting forms, and what to look for. Timber Bridge Inspection (50 minutes) Describes common problems with timber bridges and demonstrates how the inspection is conducted.

M-208 Roadway Maintenance Cost Analysis--Part I (50 minutes) Discusses equipment costs including depreciation, fuel, oil, grease, maintenance, repair, and capital investment. Roadway Maintenance Cost Analysis--Part II (50 minutes) Discusses maintenance operating costs relating to labor, equipment, materials, and overhead.

M-209 Roadway Maintenance Cost Analysis--Part III (50 minutes) Discusses the cost of deferred maintenance. Roadway Maintenance Cost Analysis--Part IV (50 minutes) Gives ideas on how to present budget data to county commissioners and city councils.

M-210 Maintenance of Highway Safety Hardware (45 minutes) How to provide safe roadside environments through periodic maintenance of the road side and its safety hardware.

M-211 Maintaining Granular Surfaced Roads (18 minutes) Instructional guide to enable road grader operators to provide better maintenance of granular surfaced roads. Snow Removal on Iowa's Secondary Roads (20 minutes) Instructional guide for snowplow operators for winter road maintenance of secondary roads.

M-212 Ditchmaster (10 minutes) Demonstration of the ditchmaster, a cost effective machine for improving roadside drainage and maintenance. Lee-Boy Asphalt Maintainer (15 minutes) Demonstration of the Lee-Boy, an asphalt and maintenance machine. Rosco Asphalite Maintainer (15 minutes) Demonstration of a pot hole repair machine.

M-213 Techniques for Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation Using Asphalt--Part I Introduction (15 minutes) Introduction to a series of tapes dealing with using asphalt for pavement maintenance and rehabilitation. Asphalt Components, Materials, Tests, and Basics of Design (40 minutes) Discusses the components of an asphalt paving structure from subgrade to the asphalt top.

M-214 Techniques for Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation Using Asphalt--Part II Pavement Deterioration Ratings (30 minutes) Discusses graphs involving pavement deterioration, cost of rehabilitation, pavement life and rating of pavement deterioration. Types of Patching and Crack Sealing (52 minutes) Examples of pavement deterioration and discusses methods of patching, crack sealing and equipment used.

M-215 Techniques for Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation Using Asphalt--Part III Sealing of Joints in Portland Cement Concrete (25 minutes) Discusses cleaning and sealing of joints in Portland cement concrete roadways. Surface Treatment of Pavement (54 minutes) Discusses objectives and methods of applying seal coats, spraying of liquid asphalt, surface condition variables, spraying oil onto pavement and spreading aggregate.

M-216 Techniques for Pavement Maintenance and Rehabilitation Using Asphalt--Part IV Cost Analysis (20 minutes) Discusses methods and strategies for determining which method of maintenance is needed. Cost analysis is emphasized. Recycling Procedures (35 minutes) Describes recycling procedures with asphalt and shows some of the equipment used.

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

DC-20I 800 Miles of Winter (28 minutes) Construction of the Trans-Alaskan pipeline. Men Against Rock (30 minutes) Discussion of construction in rocky areas on a variety of projects including drilling, blasting, earth moving and tunneling. Why Handle It Twice? (16 minutes) Construction and reclamation of an open-pit coal mine using scrapers. The New Shape of Value (14 minutes) Demonstrates the capabilities of the Caterpillar D-10 unit including ripping, push loading of scrapers and dozing. Versatility with a Boom (10 minutes) Shows multiple uses of hydraulic excavators.

DC-202 The Roll of Drums (18 minutes) Discusses taking unnecessary chances on construction work sites. Shake Hands with Danger (23 minutes) Safety procedures for operating and maintaining earth moving machines. Making the Most with Scrapers (23 minutes) The productive use of scrapers. Operating Tips: Elevating Scrapers (11 minutes) Discusses inspection, start-up procedures and work alone features such as cutting and loading material. Operating Tips: Wheel-Tractor Scrapers (18 minutes) Discusses inspection, start-up procedure, and operating techniques.

DC-203 Operating Tips: Push-Pull Scrapers (12 minutes) Discusses cut and fill operations for pairs of scrapers. Operating Tips: Off-Highway Trucks (17 minutes) Discusses inspection, start-up procedure and off-road operations. Operating Tips: Track-Type Tractors (15 minutes) Considerations for safe and efficient operation including inspection, dozing, land clearing, ripping and push loading scrapers. Loading Logic (17 minutes) Efficient choice and use of loaders and trucks for hauling soil. Operating Tips: Wheel-Tractor Scrapers (18 minutes) Discusses inspection, start-up procedure and operating techniques. Operating Tips: Track-Type Loaders (10 minutes) Discusses inspection, start-up procedure and excavation for a variety of cases. Operating Tips: Wheel Loaders (10 minutes) Discusses inspection, start-up procedure and operation.

DC-204 Tied Concrete Shoulder (10 minutes) Shows construction of tied concrete shoulders, undersealing of

existing pavement and full-depth repair of the pavement. Recycling D-Cracked Concrete Pavement (12 minutes) Discusses the reasons for the use of concrete recycling over conventional methods of construction. Bonded Concrete Overlay (12 minutes) Shows a bonded concrete overlay on existing concrete pavement.

DC-205 Interstate Reconstruction--Part I (12 minutes) Recycling existing D-Cracked pavement as aggregate for new concrete pavement. Whitetopping (7 minutes) Discusses placing a concrete overlay on distressed asphalt concrete. Design for Quality (12 minutes) Shows recycling of concrete pavement and replacement with continuously reinforced concrete pavement, bonded concrete overlay and tied concrete shoulders.

DC-206 Interstate Reconstruction--Part II (13 minutes) Shows add-on tied concrete shoulders, diamond grinding for smoothness, and establishing new transverse joints. Recycling Continuously Reinforced Concrete Pavement (10 minutes) Shows the recycling of existing continuously reinforced concrete pavement as aggregate for new concrete pavement. Unbonded Concrete Overlay (12 minutes) Construction of a full-depth unbonded overlay over a reinforced concrete pavement.

DC-207 Testing of Asphalt Cement (24 minutes) Procedures for various tests of asphalt cement including flashpoint, penetration, ductility solubility, spot softening point, specific gravity and thin film over tests. Determination of Asphalt Content in Paving Mixtures (20 minutes) Procedures for determining asphalt content for proper life and serviceability of asphalt cement. Budgeting for Rehabilitation (25 minutes) Presents economic situation of restoring paved highways and evaluation of pavements for determination of priority for restoration. Asphalt Emulsion Spray Applications (20 minutes) Reasons for using asphalt emulsions, what constitutes asphalt emulsions, how they work, and processes for applying asphalt emulsions. Aggregate Blends (40 minutes) Demonstrates graphical procedure for blending aggregate sources to meet proper specifications.

DC-208 AASHO Road Test Construction and Materials (27 minutes) Discusses materials and construction of extensive test facilities constructed in 1956 by AASHO to test different types of road surfacings, bases, bridges and methods of construction. Pavement Research (37 minutes) Objectives, methods, and principle results of pavement research in

the AASHO Road Test. The Road to Better Roads (14 minutes) Summarizes the purposes and procedures of the AASHO Road Test and discusses what is being done today to improve roads.

DC-209 Verglimit--Mixing and Laying (10 minutes) Proper procedures for handling, storing, mixing and laying verglimit asphalt cement, ice and snow retarders.

DC-210 1-90 The Final Link (20 minutes) The completion of 1-90 near Seattle; its design and construction problems. Basics of the Local Road Engineer (50 minutes) The basic components of road engineering are covered, emphasis on traffic safety.

DC-211 Energy Conservation in Community Water Systems (25 minutes) Conservation methods used in water systems to help reduce operating expenses and operating budgets. The Importance of Road Drainage (40 minutes) Describes how to make an inventory of drainage structures for easier maintenance by mapping these structure and problem flood areas; fundamentals of design and sizing of culverts and ditches.

DC-212 Stabilization for Low-Volume Roads (10 minutes) Describes adding soil stabilizing agents to low volume roads to increase drainage capabilities, base stabilization and reduce maintenance costs. Oklahoma Slide Show on Geotextiles (25 minutes) Experiments using geotextiles cloth overlayed with gravel in roadways during wet conditions. Stabilization, Holding the Road (20 minutes) Demonstrates the process of building a stabilized road and shows the advantages of stabilized roads over surface treated roads. Lime: The Versatile Soil Stabilizer (25 minutes) Use of lime in road stabilization, its history, advantages, uses, process for making lime, and how to use lime in the construction process.

DC-213 Standard Soil Tests (40 minutes) Describes several standard AASHTO soils tests. Concrete Field Testing and Sampling (25 minutes) Complete process for the concrete field tester. Shows tests for slump, air content, unit weight, chase indicator, kellyball and preparation of concrete cylinders for strength tests. AASHTO T-99 (12 minutes) Determines the moisture-density relationship of soils. AASHTO-27 (20 minutes) Sieve analysis for both fine and coarse aggregates.

DC-214 Design of Urban Streets--Part I Conceptual Approach to Urban Street Design (25 minutes) Introduction to series of tapes on urban street design. Capacity (30 minutes) Describes concepts of road capacity and level of service, peak hour factor, load factor as references from the highway manual. Techniques for Maximizing Capacity to Traffic Studies (30 minutes) Describes techniques for maximizing capacity on roads and at intersections. Street Design Elements--Part I (30 minutes) Discusses location design of urban streets and coordination of facilities. Also includes discussion of metric units in design.

DC-2I5 Design of Urban Streets--Part II Street Design Elements - Part 2 (30 minutes) Describes cross-sectional design and horizontal alignment design. Street Design Elements - Part 3 (30 minutes) Describes vertical alignment design, design of vertical curves, drainage design and design for access control. Intersection Design Elements (30 minutes) Describes the basic intersection types, types of channelization, corner design pedestrian movement, vehicular movement and turning movements. Intersection Design Elements (Continued) (30 minutes) Describes intersection control, problem identification and improvement techniques for problem areas. It also describes some type of urban and freeway techniques.

DC-216 Design of Urban Streets - Part III Traffic Signal Design and Operation (30 minutes) Basic principles of signals, advantages, disadvantages, the various types of signals and operations of different traffic signals. Illumination, Signs and Markings (30 minutes) Advantages of lighting arterial streets, types of lights and elements considered in designing lighting systems, importance of signs and markings in street design and uniformity of signs and markings. Pedestrians, Bicycles and Transit Considerations (30 minutes) Discusses the integration and design of pedestrian, bicycle and transit facilities into the urban street plan. Factors Impacting Street Design (30 minutes) Special factors which affect the design of urban streets.

DC-217 Design of Urban Streets - Part IV Social and Economic Impacts (30 minutes) Social and economic impacts by the upgrading or design of new urban roadway facilities. Environmental Consideration (30 minutes) Environmental impact caused by urban street design. Emphasis on air and noise pollution. Project Documentation (30 minutes) Evaluation techniques for comparing design alternatives and selections. Administration and Management (30 minutes) Consultant selections, bid procedures, contractor prequalifications, supervision of work and legal aspects of the design and designer. DC-2I8 Asphalt Paving Inspection (28 minutes) Discusses sampling of aggregate, storage, cold feed, mixing plant and plant inspection. Pothole Repair (12 minutes) Demonstrates traffic control during repair, marking, cleaning, filling and cleanup.

COMPLETE AND RETURN TO: John Moskaluk Technology Transfer Center Department of Civil Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, Georgia 30332 NAME: POSITION: AGENCY: ADDRESS: CITY: STATE: ZIP: PHONE: VIDEO TAPES YOU WISH TO ORDER: (I) (2) ALTERNATE CHOICES: (1) (2) APPENDIX D--Newsletters ECH TRANS

SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY UNIT OF THE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER VOL 6 NO. 4 WINTER 1988

around the machine to be sure that the area is FRONT-END LOADER clear for movement.

SAFETY 4. No riders other than the operator should ever be allowed on the machine.

The front-end loader is one of the most 5. The operator should move the equipment very hazardous pieces of equipment that we use in road cautiously, especially in congested areas. When work. backing, the operator must have a clear field of Fatalities involving the front-end loader lead all vision and signal by horn or other device so other equipment used in the mineral industry. that others in the area will know what he is Statistics show that most accidents occur while the doing. machine is backing up. Most fatalities occur when the unloaded machine is being driven at high speeds - 6. While driving the machine, the operator should from one area to another. This is especially consider road conditions, weather, traffic, and dangerous because the front-end loader, when empty, grade. The loader should be moved at a speed tends to bounce and weave at high speeds. Down- slow enough to ensure total operator control at grades are also particularly hazardous due to the all times. increased problems in controlling the vehicle. Other hazards include collisions with other 7. When working near embankments or on grades, equipment while operating in congested areas, getting edges must be guarded by riprap, barricades, caught in pinch points of the bucket arms or articu- berms, or other suitable means to lessen the lated steering, and spilling of parts of the load on possibility of running off the edge. The loader the operator or others working in the area. speed should be regulated to a minimum, the engine should be engaged, and the transmission 1. Before starting the front-end loader, the should be in low range. operator should check the machine for safety factors, including tires. brakes, emergency 8. In loading a truck, load from the driver's side brakes, hydraulic systems, steering, lights, and whenever possible. The loader must know alarm systems. Use a checklist. If anything is where the driver is at all times and traffic wrong with the equipment, it should be patterns for the area must be known and reported. Do not start the machine if it is followed. not in safe condition! 9. On leaving the cab, the bucket must be 2. Tile operator should wear the proper protection grounded and the machine shut down and equipment for the job: safety hat, shoes, and locked to prevent any use by unauthorized glasses, and any other equipment needed for the specific job. persons.

3. Before starting the machine, the operator Reprinted from Moving Forward, October 1987. should make a thorough check of the area what effect does an overloaded truck have on the EDITOR'S NOTE pavement? Think about it!

GOOD NEWS! The Department of Transporta- An estimated 21,015 traffic fatalities occurred tion has agreed to renew our contract, so we will be on the nation's highways during the first six months here for you for another year. We are looking of 1986. Drivers accounted for 58 percent of the forward to our sixth year Georgia. Please remember total fatalities, passengers for 25 percent, and non- to call us for publications, traffic counters, video occupants (pedestrians and pedalcyclists) for the tapes, or technical assistance. (Also, you need to be remaining 17 percent. on our mailing list to stay updated on upcoming About 56 percent of the fatalities occurred in workshops.) rural areas. More than 71 percent of all fatalities During the next year, we will be increasing our were males, and 60 percent of the total were under registration fee for workshops to $50.00. This 35 years of age. Fatalities were most frequent for minimal fee does not begin to cover our costs. It is the 20- to 24-age group, follcwed by the 15- to 19- simply a means for the local agencies to express .and the 25- to 34-age groups. their support of and interest in the programs of the While traffic fatalities in 1986 occurred at Technology Transfer Center. We certainly hope that different rates depending on the time of day and day this fee will not deter anyone from attending. of week, the peak occurred between midnight Friday "Roadway Tort Liability in Georgia', a workshop and 3:00 a.m. Saturday. which the Technology Transfer Center co-sponsored More than half of all traffic fatalities involved with the Georgia Division of the Institute of Trans- alcohol consumption. While the prevalent legal limit portation Engineers was held on October 28 and was for intoxication is 0.10 of blood alcohol concentra- a great success. Almost 110 people attended, tion, 41 percent had exceeded this limit. reiterating our belief that the issue of tort liability is a hot one for today's transportation officials. We also held six sessions of 'Traffic Applications of The United States has 3.9 million miles of Microcomputers". Thank you to everyone who roadway, of which 3.2 million miles are rural roads participated in these workshops. which carry 80% of the total travel.

A preliminary study conducted by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration found that the NEWS BRIEFS rear high- mounted stop lamp now required on new passenger cars has been effective in preventing In 1986, over 90 percent of those killed on rear-end collisions. The study, based on police American highways were not wearing safety belts. reported collisions that occurred between June 1 and The lifesaving habit has clearly not been accepted. September 5, 1986 in 50 counties which make up the In Kansas, in 1985, a survey by the Kansas Safety statistically representative National Accident Belt Education Office indicated that less than 10 Sampling System, indicated that vehicles equipped percent of the state's drivers and front seat with the center high-mounted stop lamp were 22 passengers were buckling-up. Then came the percent less likely to be struck in the rear by mandatory safety belt usage law in July 1986, with a another vehicle while braking. It• is indicated that provision that warnings be issued for one year. In the lamps reduce the reaction time needed for Fall 1986, safety belt usage went up to 23.6 percent. drivers to apply their brakes when the vehicle in As of July 1, 1987, law enforcement officials now are front of them is braking and are especially effective writing $10 tickets for failure to wear safety belts in in preventing chain collisions. the front seats of passenger vehicles and pickup trucks. With the fine in effect, officials expect safety Transportation engineers at the University of belt usage to rise. If 80 percent of Kansas motorists Kentucky are using sophisticated electronics to would buckle-up, national safety organizations "hear- the sound of bridges cracking. With a new estimate that Kansas could prevent 3,100 injuries, computer-based technology called acoustic emission and save at least 90 lives and $55 million each year. monitoring, researchers can pinpoint growing frac- tures or cracks in steel beams by detecting the energy they release as traffic passes over the bridge. One single 18,000 pound axle load on a truck Transducers, amplifiers, and a portable micro- has the same effect on the asphalt pavement struc- computer are used to detect sonic emissions from ture as 5,000 plus passenger vehicles. If this is true, growing cracks-'sounds" which have frequencies up

2 to one megahertz and are inaudible to the human ear. After testing several major bridges in Kentucky YOUR BEST DEFENSE IN and other states, Theodore Hopwood, director of the Kentucky research team, reports that acoustic THE WAR emission testing is reliable for detecting flaws in steel bridges and is fast and convenient. Bridges AGAINST POTHOLES can be inspected without drilling or being closed to traffic, and the technology is more efficient than The minknien 46 pevernetethidcness design many conventional methods, including ultrasound. For further information, contact Theodore Hopwood at (606) 257-4517. Through collaboration and observations shared with other pavement engineers, an interesting and significant performance observation came up. Once a In Finland, England, and Sweden, convicted pavement is 3-1/2" to e In thickness, it cannot drunk drivers are automatically jailed for approxi- pothole (in the strict classical sense of the bowl- mately one year. The names of drunk drivers are shaped pothole that loses pavement and is deepened published in local newspapers. South Africans are and enlarged by traffic as the granular base Is given ten-year prison sentences, a fine of $10,000, or eroded). both. in Turkey, drunk drivers are taken 20 miles In accordance with the information and test from town and forced to walk back under escort. A results reported by Martin Ekse, Volume 29, AAPT, second conviction of drunk driving in Bulgaria is 1960; W. Phang, Volume 50, AAPT, 1981; and WASHO punished by execution. Test Road Report, Part 2, Test Data, Analyses, and Findings; nine aspects of the 4" pavement design exist Effective July 1, 1987, Federal regulations (1) 4" minimum pavement has more strength makes it illegal for certain truck and bus drivers in than AASHTO or other criteria indicated by straight- the U.S.A. to have more than one commercial line coefficient usage. driver's license. This regulation applies to all (2) Distress cracking in a pavement expands operators of large trucks weighing more than 26,000 and multiplies rapidly when pavements are thinner. pounds, to drivers of vehicles designed to carry at The cracking breaks the pavement into many small least 15 passengers, and to drivers of vehicles that pieces. However, there is less fragmentation with 4° transport placarded hazardous materials. plus pavements. Also, rutting and waviness which The new requirement was contained in the reflect base material stress and freeze/thaw effects Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1986, and are virtually eliminated on 4" plus pavements. will be administrated by the Federal Highway (3) There is often a great deal of strain with Administration. Enforcement will also be by FHWA a 2-1/2" design due to construction traffic In site- until such time that individual states adopt their own work or subdivisions. In these situations, it is enforcement statutes or regulations. Stiff penalties common for the design to have a 1-1/2" thickness are specified by the regulations. carrying all of the construction traffic for several Hopefully, drivers who have obtained multiple years. This initial layer gets easily overstressed and operating licenses to hide their bad driving records even cracked on the underside before it is topped can be removed from our highways and the safety of with only an additional 1" wearing surface. On the the motoring public can be enhanced. other hand, with a an design, a 2-1/2" layer carries construction traffic adequately. A final 1-1/2" layer provides a wearing and exceptionally strong strengthening course, providing much more strength and longevity to the pavement. (4) With a 4" design pavement strength adjacent to utility cuts and castings is more substantial. (5) Added strength acquired through the use of the minimum r design, provides a safety factor for traffic growth and occasional overload situations. This is particularly helpful when an owner may not have control of the traffic volume or the funds available to strengthen the pavement.

Continued on page 5 AM./A REPORTER / MAY 1967

3 MAINTENANCE TIPS MACHINE MOWING Machine mowing is required for high grass, UTTER REMOVAL which Is defined as roadside vegetation which reduces roadway visibility or is greater than 12 inches high. Utter along the shoulders and right-of-way is a The cause of high grass is insufficient mowing major maintenance problem. The cause of litter is during the growing season. It may occur on any inconsiderate motorists. It is normally found along road with grass along the shoulders and right- any stretch of roadway but is more common along of-way. roads with very high or very low volumes of traffic. High grass creates an unpleasing roadway and may block visibility. If not maintained it will cause Utter does not create a severe problem unless shoulders to become overgrown objects are large enough to do damage to mowers, and may also create poor drainage, ditch erosion and pavement failures. create a hazard to drivers, or clog side ditches that More importantly, it can result in a serious safety may result in drainage problems. Utter removal is normally performed to provide a pleasing roadway to hazard by restricting sight distance. The proper method of maintaining high grass is machine mowing, the motorist. The requirements for cleaning roadside as outlined below. litter are given below.

CREW REQUIRED CREW REQUIRED Laborers 2 Laborers 3 Truck driver 1 3 EQUIPMENT REQUIRED

EQUIPMENT REQUIRED Mowers 2 Truck 1 Dump truck 1 3

MATERIAL REQUIRED MATERIAL REQUIRED

None None

DAILY PRODUCTION PER CREW DALY PRODUCTION PER CREW

4-7 miles of roadway 15-20 acres

REPAIR PROCEDURE REPAIR PROCEDURE

1. Place signs and other safety devices. Equip 1. Place mowing signs. truck with flashing red light 2. Use largest mower first and follow with smaller. 2. Place large items in truck. 3. Cut one swath beyond slope or 50 feet from 3. Collect small items in litter bags. Place full roadside. bags along shoulder. Truckdriver empties litter bags into truck and returns empty bags to 4. Mow each section with an odd number of laborers. swaths. This will help to eliminate "deadheading". 4. Cover truck bed to contain litter. 5. Mow grass to 5 inches height. 5. Dump truck at designated site. 6. Remove signs. 6. Remove signs.

4 Continued from page 3 thicknesses less than minimums recommended for permanent pavements. The lack of permanence built (8) A minimum r design provides a pavement into these new pavements means the municipality is that will require surface maintenance only. Pave- accepting greeter annual maintenance. This problem ment treatments can be limited to individual crack is compounded when some consultants use the same sealing, liquid seals, and very think overiays-thicker minimum standards on the other municipal projects overlays are required only when traffic growth calls within the community and, worse yet, simply copy for it. them to use in other towns as proper standards. (7) The 46 minimum provides sufficient thick- If standards are used, they must be reasonably ness for recycling by milling. When milling 1" from conservative to cover the weaker conditions and a 2-1/2' surface to a 1-1/2' in depth, little stock is unforeseen circumstances such as variance in soil left for construction traffic to travel on. conditions, construction quality, utility settlement (8) Better overall pavement quality and density and lack of maintenance when budgets are cut can be achieved by using more compactible layer regardless of the pavement's condition. thicknesses. This leads to less embrittlement and For a low maintenance permanent pavement, the greater retention of flexibility with time. thickness used by most all agencies is at least 3 (9) Although 2-1/2" designs have been shown inches. The Asphalt Institute has a firm policy of in tests to be sufficient, it should be kept in mind recommending a minimum pavement thickness of 4 that test road data always reflects better inches even for low volume roads. performance than actual practice. According to The Asphalt institute, the mini- When a 4" pavement is overloaded by traffic mum permanent pavement thickness when using and cracks, the pavement is thick enough to resist asphalt hot mix is 4 inches. The slab strength of a disintegration into small pieces and to resist the type 4 inch thick pavement Is substantially greater than of flaking out at the crack that occurs on thinner that of a 2", 2-1/211, or 3" pavement by many times: pavements. This is why you will rarely see over- the load to produce a 1/8-inch deformation on the night potholing occur on a pavement greater than 4' base is only 400 pounds on a 2 inch pavement 3,900 thick. If distress is occurring, It will be evident for pounds on a 4" pavement several years while remaining safe and serviceable. Only total neglect and lack of maintenance over many years will cause it to eventually break down Reprinted from Road Business, Spring 1987. into surface ravelling. However, this surface ravelling or delimination only affects rideability and appearance. It is tolerable from a safety and auto damage point of view. Once weakened, pavement thicknesses less than 3 to 4 inches can break into pieces and pothole very easily. This is because the pieces are small enough to be turned out by tire traffic. On thicker GEORGIA TECH pavements (about 3-1/2"+), the thick broken pieces act like big paving blocks and are virtually impossible to be rotated out of the hole by traffic. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER In other words, it fails but remains safe for traffic. Thin pavements are sometimes best restricted to SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING liquid asphalt surface treatments that require fre- quent maintenance treatments every few years. ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30332 These asphalt surface treatments are only recom- mended for very low volume roads, particularly those (404j 894-2300 that do not have significant truck traffic. Such thin pavements must have excellent drainage designed into them and be diligently maintained throughout 1-800-282-1275 their service life. Potholes in thin pavements rapidly get deeper and larger as traffic and water work them. They DMECTOR-M. JOHN MOSKALUK are the type that most seriously affect safety and cause more damage to autos. An additional problem EINTOR-AlART Y PALMIER is the need to overcome the use of poor minimum standards in subdivision control work and new work submitted by consultants. Some of these standards still call for thin surface treatments and pavement

5 listed in the 1981 Fortune Directories, and it revt.als THE NEED FOR the following:

DEVELOPMENTAL Three out of four respondent companies located new plant facilities in the past five years, and HIGHWAYS almost an equal number expect to do so in the five years ahead. Georgians. for Better Transportation (GBT) New distribution centers and warehouses are believes the kind of transportation system we build also high up on the shopping list for new facilities. and and maintain determines the economy we will Six out of ten companies thought the location of have in the future. GBT believes the kind of trans- such facilities to be at least "fairly probable" during portation system we have determines the products we the next five years. will sell, the industry that will locate here, the Over the last five years, the South has capture payrolls that will be met, the taxes that will be six out of ten new plant facilities reported on in generated, the social services that will be delivered, this study, with "most likely" choices for the next and the quality of life we will enjoy. five years showing this dominance likely to continue. GBT is, therefore, persuaded. that Georgia's The South is a clear No. 1 as the "most likely" fouriane developmental highway system must be choice for distribution center/warehouse, laboratory, expanded if the state is to retain existing business regional and corporate headquarters locations. and industry, and attract new facilities that will The majority of plan location searches start expand the employment and tax base and enhance the with consideration of multi-state areas. quality of life of our citizens. Leading factors (in site selection) include Many parts of Georgia have a wealth of trans- productivity of workers, community receptivity portation facilities, and they have paid rich efficient transportation facilities, and tax dividends. But this is not the case across the state. considerations. According to the Federal Highway Administra- tion, only 640 miles of Georgia's 10,196 mile primary system consists of four-lane highways. This means 1985 MOTOR VEHICLE POPULATION (EST.) we rank last among the southeastern states in non Alabama 3,235,000 (6) intestate, four-lane highway mileage as indicated on Florida 9,861,000 (1) the following table: Georgia 4,606,000 (2) Kentucky 2,591,000 (7) Total 4-Lane 4-Lane as % Mississippi 1,443,000 (10) State Primary Mileage of Total N. Carolina 4,417,000 (3) Mileage S. Carolina 2,150,000 (8) Tennessee 3,612,000 (5) Florida 8,522 2,631 30.9 Virginia 4,198,000 (4) Kentucky 3,722 959 25.8 W. Virginia 1,451,000 (9) Virginia 5,385 1,183 21.7 Source: U.S. Dept. of Transportation, Federal Highway North Carolina 4,315 915 21.1 Administration, Tables SS 84-3, 1985 Alabama 6,623 777 11.7 Tennessee 5,709 604 10.6 Since, as the Fortune study indicates, the South Georgia 10,196 640 6.3 is expected to continue being a magnet for business . (1981 Figures: South Carolina and Mississippi not available) and industry, and since, as the study also reveals, efficient transportation facilities are of primary importance to those who make location decisionS. This places many areas within the state at a Georgia's system needs to be at least as good as—if competitive disadvantage in their efforts to attract not better than—those of neighboring states. new business and industry. For an area's economic Otherwise, a company seeking a Sun Belt loca- development efforts to be successkil, natural and tion is likely to bypass a Georgia site with a favor- human resources must be complemented by an ade- able tax structure, positive community attitude and quate infrastructure. The key component of this plentiful labor supply for a site in another state infrastructure is an adequate transportation system where these factors exist together with an adequate that permits efficient shipment of raw materials and transportation system. A site, for example, to which finished products, and allows the work force to twin trailer trucks have access. At present, these travel to and from their places of employment safely, "twins" are permitted on only 550 miles of our 10,196 efficiently and economically. mile primary system. According to the Georgia This contention is borne out by a 1982 Fortune Motor Trucking Association, this places Georgia magazine report entitled "Why Corporate American lowest among the states in the percentage of primary Moves Where." This report is the result of a survey miles designated for operation of these trucks. of the 1,000 largest U.S. industrial corporations as Within the state, economic growth and develop-

6 ment in areas with efficient transportation facilities Interstates and 2.40 fatalities per 100 MVM on rural will far outstrip that in those without good highway Four-lanes, according to the Department of access. Economic opportunities, therefore, are Transportation. unbalanced. The Colony report, previously referred to, also This point is clearly stated in a report authored addresses further economic impacts of increased by Frank Schmalleger, Ph.D., Professor and Chairman, vehicle operation costs associated with poor roads, as Department of Sociology, Pembroke State University, follows: Pembroke, North Carolina: Many transportation studies have demonstrated Good roads stabilize society by insuring an a relationship between residential location decisions equitable distribution of wealth. They allow of households and the work trip of the principal industries to locate near resources and in areas with breadwinner. In particular, a household is free to a ready work force. spend on housing and trips to work no more than a certain proportion of its total income. Thus, in the Another report by Dr. David C. Colony, event of an increase in the cost of trips to work via Professor of Civil Engineering, University of Toledo, any highway-oriented mode of travel, a household Toledo, Ohio, lists among the consequences of an must deal with such an increase in one of several inferior road system: ways Increased cost of freight transport 1. Reduce housing cost by moving to a new loca- Increased agriculture costs tion, or Inhibited industrial development 2. Reduce the cost of work trips by finding new Reduction of property values employment, or Reduced local tax base 3. Accept a reduction in disposable income for Higher prices for goods and services purposes other than housing or trips to work. Lower quality of life Clearly, expanding Georgia's system of four-lane developmental highways would enhance the state's An additional consequence of inferior roads is ability to compete with others for new business and their impact on individual drives. A 1982 study industry, thereby reacting more job opportunities for indicated that inferior roads cost a drive an extra our citizens regardless of where they live, and eighty-eight gallons of gas a year and between $45 improving access to these jobs. and $800 a year in damages to the steering system, Overall benefits to a community in which a new tires, suspension, brakes and shocks. On a national industry located are summarized in a 1979 study average, the loss is about $334 per vehicle per year. commissioned by the Georgia Industrial Developers L H. Irwin of Cornell University recently upped this Association. This study involved a detailed survey of figure to $355. five medium sized (9,000 to 19,000 pop.) Georgia communities in which one large industry had provided Beyond all this, there is the cost in human life most new private sector investment and new job and suffering, which no dollar price can reflect In opportunities since 1970. The results, which repre- Georgia, the fatality rate on rural two-lane roads is sent the average of the five communities iter local 4 52 fatalities per 100 million vehicle miles (MVM), compared to 1.22 fatalities per 100 MVM on rural Continued on page 8

STATE GENERATED HIGHWAY FUNDS FY 1985 Funds Milage R R Funds R R for A on A State A per A 1982 A Funds A State State Land N Square N State N per Highways K System K Area K Mile K Pop. K Capita K

Alabama 258,769,026 9 10,778 9 50,767 3 5,097 9 3,917,000 6 66 7 Florida 490,100,000 2 11,496 8 54,153 2 9,050 6 10.378,000 1 47 10 Georgia 380,605,172 5 18,006 6 58,056 1 6,556 8 5,578,000 3 68 Kentucky 438,821,479 4 24,339 5 39,669 8 11,062 3 3,661.000 7 120 2 Mississippi 191,211,063 10 10,320 10 47,233 5 4,048 10 2,547,000 9 75 5 N. Carolina 443,091,308 3 76,451 1 48,843 4 9,072 5 6,081,668 2 73 6 S. Carolina 291,403,743 7 40,230 3 30,203 9 9,658 4 3.158,000 8 92 4 Tennessee 301,700,000 6 13,353 7 41,155 6 7,331 7 4.633,000 5 65 9 Virginia 580,131,000 1 53,579 2 39,704 7 14.611 1 5,327,000 4 109 3 W. Virginia 286,859,174 8 34,329 4 24,119 10 11,893 2 1,960,000 10 146 1 Source: Southern Legislative Conference, Council of State Governments, Table B

7 Continued from page 7 receptivity and tax considerations. For Georgia to stand out among the other Sun Belt states, we must costs were deducted, indicate that the following set the pace in each of these areas. dollar impact was realized: Yet, as noted earlier, Georgia ranks last among $9,500,000 additional yearly wages ($5.2 million the southeastern states in non interstate, four-lane for manufacturing plant lobs + $4.3 million for highway mileage. And according to data developed spin-off fobs). for the Southern Legislative Conference, Council of 641 new jobs (442 manufacturing plant jobs + State Governments, we rank 199 spin-off jobs). Bat among the southeastern states in land $12,150 average yearly income for new manu- area and second in population. facturing employees. But we rank $3,037 25% fringe benefits per manufacturing Fourth, in funds available for stgie highways; employee (cash value). Oh in mileage on the state system; $301 increase in community per capita income. Mai in funds available for state highways per $180,327 average community property tax capita; and revenue increase. Seventh in funds available per square mile of $331,897 highest community property tax land area revenue increase (in survey). Every society is ultimately shaped by its $13 average per capita reduction in annual tax response to the problems it confronts. GBT believes burden. • Georgia must respond to the challenge of building $23 highest per capita reduction in annual tax the four-lane developmental highway system that will burden (in survey). provide vastly improved economic opportunities and Besides the dollar impact of these industries, an improved quality of life for more of our citizens. other effects included the following: Our state will be the richer for this investment. Unemployment Rate: 1.2% below state average, 2% below counties in which no manufacturing plants had located. Urban Georgia, March 1987. Community Projects: New industries typically contributed to parks, little league teams, adult recreation, civic improvements. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Revenues Collected by Local Government New industry contributed 6 to 15% of the total. Certain Community Social Costs: Overall impact The Technology Transfer (T2) Program is a nation- indirectly led to reduction of local welfare wide effort financed jointly by the Federal Highway obligations. Administration and individual State Departments of Worker Mobility: New company training Transportation. Its purpose is to translate into programs provided greater diversification of job understandable terms the latest state-of-art tech- opportunities and upward mobility for local workers. nologies in the areas of roads, bridges, and public Potential New Plants: Communities became transportation, to local and county highway and more attractive for other potential plant locations transportation personnel. because of diversified labor force. As previously noted, GBT believes an adequate The T2 CgrencrarrtnI3Georgia Tech is sponsored by the transportation system to be the key component of Georgia nt of Transportation and provides the infrastructure that must be in place if an area is information and counsel to more than 500 municipal- to attract new industry and job opportunities. Thus, ities and counties in our state. This newsletter is the organization believes that here in Georgia where, designed to keep you informed about new publica- according to U.S. Department of Commerce estimates, tions, new techniques, and new training opportunities 1981 per capita income was only 85 percent of the that may be helpful to you and your community. national average and 37th among the states, we can't Individuals wishing to receive future copies of this afford not to provide this component so that more newsletter at no cost may send their requests to: communities reap the kind of benefits detailed above. The Fortune study, referred to previously, M. John Moskaluk reveals that the South will continue to attract new Technology Transfer Center industry. It indicates that most site selection School of Civil Engineering searches start with consideration of a multi-state Georgia Tech area. Among the leading factors that determine the Atlanta, Georgia 30332 ultimate choice are efficient transportation facilities, along with worker productivity, community

B Some additional operator tips are to use a boom INNOVATIONS STREAMLINE with limber springs to suspend the applicator hose, and use swivel quick fittings on both ends. This will CRACK SEALING make handling the hose and applicator a much easier Accessories Save Manpower, chore by reducing fatigue. Energy, Do a Better Job Oregon Roads, Summer 1987, Number 11. by Bill Stark Highway Maintenance Supervisor Oregon Highway Division

In the past, our rubberized asphalt crack seal- ing operations have included a truck with driver PUBLICATIONS puffing the melter, a man operating the applicator wand filling the cracks, and a third man following DEVELOP MENT behind striking off the excess material with a FINANCE NEW squeegee. I have never been very satisfied with the results of using the squeegee. This is mostly Impact or development fees are being used because there is always waste, and the squeegee increasingly by communities to raise funds to pay for spreads the product out beyond where it is needed. improvements to roads, sewer and water systems, So, a few years ago we devised a different parks and other public facilities. method of striking off the seal, which (1) eliminates Traditionally, one generation of residents bene- the use of the squeegee, (2) does a better job, and fits from the infrastructure investment of previous (3) eliminates the need for the third man. generations; only in communities growing more The key to our present method is a round disk rapidly than the inflation rate are special fees on attached to the end of our applicator wand, which new development warranted, according to this report takes the place of the extra man and the squeegee. published by the Urban Land Institute. We are very pleased with the way the disk is This publication contains an analysis of the performing. The disk will apply a band of material types of private financing required for expansion of uniform in width and thickness over the crack. We infrastructure systems, the legal foundation for feel this is doing a much better job of putting the public requirement, economic effects of these product where it does the most good, and improves requirements and the administrative procedures the work cosmetically as well. necessary to carry out the imposition of development I do not believe this item can be purchased; fees. however, it can be made in a few minutes with a This report is available for $42.00 from the small amount of welding. First, you need a 30 Urban Land Institute, 1090 Vermont Ave., N.W., degree pipe elbow. This should be the same size Washington, DC 20005. pipe as the wand, which will usually be 3/4-inch. Second, a proper disk is needed. We found that a conical 4-inch washer works best for us. These are sometimes called a compression washer, and are most commonly used for wooden beam construction. SAM= These can be obtained from almost any fastener According to the Eastern Paralyzed Veterans supplier. To make the attachment, simply weld the Association (EPVA) in a 1982-1983 survey of their elbow to the washer and thread this onto the end of the wand. If the results you get are too wide or wheelchair user members, one of the most frequent too narrow, just vary the sized of the washer. responses to a question about individual mobility (by a wide margin) was the lack of sidewalk curb cuts Mother item we are using is an insulated (ramps). In response to this, the Association has blanket placed over the melter to hold as much heat produced a manual, Curb Cuts, to supply as much as possible in the product overnight. The blanket information as possible regarding the design and has heat resistant outer coverings similar to vinyl, construction of curb cuts. and a new type of heat resistant insulation sewn Curb ramps in your community will enhance the Inside. This was made to order by a local vendor. ease of movement for many more people than just Along this same line, we have found that wheelchair users— for example, people with baby covering the exhaust vents from the propane burners strollers, the elderly, young children, and people with with a coffee can also helps to hold the heat over- heart conditions. Every state now has a curb ramp night. Please note: Do not cover these vents unless law, so why not make sure that your curb cuts are the burners and propane supply are turned completely off. Continued on page 10

9 Continued from page 9 the three main components—deck, superstructure and designed so that people that they are intended to substructure—check the following: help can use them safely. Curb Cuts Is available free of charge from Eastern Paralyzed Veterans Deck Association, 432 Park Avenue South, New York, New A bridge deck supports the wearing surface and York 10016. typically made of concrete, wood or steel grating.

Signs of Deterioration Concrete Material: Cracks, loose or deterio- IMPROVING GUARDRAIL INSTNIATIONS ON rated concrete to a depth where the steel reinforcing LOCAL ROADS ANQ STREETS is visible. Wood Material: Splits, checks and rot to the This pamphlet, published by the Federal extent that one can push a sharp pocket knife blade Highway Administration, is intended as a general into the deteriorated wood to a depth 1/4 of the guide to effective, low cost methods of enhancing member depth. highway safety with guardrail. The guidelines and Grating Material: Rusted sections or bent recommendations included are based on actual situa- sections to the extent that the remaining material tions and observations found in a series of national looks smaller than the original. reviews. They reflect the actual needs and oppor- tunities for highway safety improvements existing on Superstructure many local roads and streets. The bridge superstructure is the portion of the bridge that spans between the supports. The super- structure beams support the bridge deck.

Signs of Deterioration AVOID A BRIDGE concrete Material: Concrete cracking or spauling to the extent that the reinforcing is visible. CATASTROPHE Rust stains that originate in the beam. Beam deflec- tions that are visible to the eye. by Charlie Goodspeed Peel Material: Rusted members where the corrosion visible reduces the steel thickness. Rusted Are you a government official responsible for rivets, bolts and welds to the extent that corroded posting bridge load limits? Are you reluctant to material is separating from the item. install signs advising motorists of load restrictions for fear that acknowledging the deficiency, but not Substructure correcting it, makes you liable in case of an The portion of the bridge supporting the super- accident? Nothing could be further from the truth. structure. Sections of the substructure are under- The best defense is posting the limits and maintain- ground; however, the visible portion supporting the ing a prioritized list of corrections to be made as beams can be inspected from underneath the bridge. funding becomes available. What makes a bridge structurally deficient or Signs of Deterioration functionally obsolete? Structural deficiency results Concrete Material: Most bridges have concrete when the bridge deck, the superstructure, or the substructures. Concrete cracking and spauling should substructure has weakened or deteriorated to the be checked for corrosion and alignment. All abut- point that the bridge is inadequate to support all ment components should be checked for vertical types of traffic. Functionally obsolete bridges are alignment and settlement. those that are structurally sound but are no longer Functionally Obsolete: Bridges typically become adequate to serve today's traffic. These are the obsolete when the approach roads have been bridges that are too narrow, poorly aligned with the upgraded by either widening or realignment. roadway, or have insufficient load-carrying capacity. If any of the above signs of deterioration are is it unreasonable to expect someone who is not observed, a qualified bridge engineer should be an engineer to assess the potential liability of a notified and a complete bridge evaluation done. bridge? No! There are many signs that can be observed before a catastrophic disaster occurs. Structural Deficiency: Can the bridge support all possible types of traffic? We can assume the Road Business, Technology Transfer Center, bridge was properly designed for today's traffic University of New Hampshire, Department of Civil unless it is more than 50 years old: To determine Engineering, Transportation Research and Computa- the existence and extent of deterioration of any of tion Group, Durham, NH.

10 necessary to determine the relationship between THE IMPORTANCE OF SOIL moisture content and density for each material.

COMPACTION IN ROADWAY reellitediftftZSBIWI2212

CONSTRUCTION Different procedures and equipment are used to compact the types of soils most commonly encountered in the Island: residual/clayey soils and Compaction is the simplest, most economical sandy soils. method of increasing pavement life and improving its The compaction equipment depends upon the load carrying capacity. This article discusses the size of the project and the type of base material. factors that Influence compaction, describes some of Sheepfoot rollers are most effective on clayey soils, the equipment utilized to perform it, and presents while pneumatic-tired rollers are most effective on some useful guidelines for compacting soils. sandy soils. These rollers vary in weight between The performance of the pavement depends to a 6,000 and 10,000 pounds for an eight foot width, and large extent on the properties of the layers up to 75,000 pounds for a 10 foot width. Pressure immediately below the surface. Structural failures on on the tamping feet vary, but a minimum of 150 existing pavements often are caused by the pounds per square inch is recommended. inadequate density of the base courses. In order to Pneumatic-tired rollers use rubber tires mounted provide the required strength, reduce future main- on a frame which places a uniform load on each tire. tenance, and add years to the life of a pavement, Compaction comes from the kneading action of the the density of the base material has to be Increased rubber tires. Pneumatic rollers for highway work through compaction. For example, a soil material generally weigh six to eight tons. Pneumatic and may weigh less than 100 pounds per cubic foot steel-wheeled rollers compact from the top downward before compaction and over 140 pounds per cubic whereas the tamping sheepfoot roller compact from foot after compaction. The increase in density the bottom up. improves the following characteristics of the soil:

increases strength so that heavier loads can be Recommendations supported, decreases compressibility so that smaller settle- Based on the above discussion, some useful ments can be expected over the life of the guidelines are recommended for compacting soils: pavement, decreases permeability, sample the soil and determine the type (i.e., - increases resistance to rutting. clay, sand, other) and natural moisture content - determine the maximum density and optimum EadmilhatMufflogamosalso moisture content. • modify the field moisture content to improve The two major factors that influence soil the compaction by adding moisture to the soil if compaction are soil type and moisture content. Soil the moisture content is below the optimum type dictates the relative number of passes required, value, or by adding dry soil or aerating the the thickness of compaction layers, the type of existing soil if the moisture content is above compaction equipment, and the moisture content to the optimum value. achieve proper compaction. Clays are not permeable; - compact the soil layers at appropriate depths therefore, they require much compactive effort to and use the correct type of roller for the soil expel air from the voids. Sands, on the other hand, being considered. are quite porous and need less compactive effort. - verify that the soil is compacted at the density Repeated light loads are most effective in specified on the plans and specifications of the compacting clays while a few passes of very heavy project in question. loads work best with sand. Clayey soils should be compacted in layers, six to eight inches deep, while sands may be compacted in eight to ten inch lifts. Reprinted from El Puente, March 1987. Moisture content is another important factor in compaction since moisture lubricates soil particles orti 11:,111 usr. r pap sakaurac OF allowing them to be pushed together more easily. USTINVIE OCEAN ! XA&ST E 1011 Too much moisture keeps particles apart; too litho moisture means poor lubrication. At optimum mois- ture content, proper compaction will yield the max- imum density for the soil. Laboratory tests are

11 naggers, and proper flagging procedures. NEW VIDEO TAPES Selection and Use of Traffic Control Devices (30 minutes) Objectives of work area traffic control The Technology Transfer Center has added five and selection of proper control devices. new tapes to its video tape library since the last listing. The tapes may be borrowed, at no charge, ST-213 ktroduction to Work Area Traff ic Control for a two week period. Please write or phone and (30 minutes) request no more than two tapes at a time. Specify Basic principles of work area traffic the tapes you want by the number in the left hand control and inputs into selecting proper column. Please return the tapes promptly. traffic control. Pa/friers in Safety (15 minutes) ST-205 Traffic Control and Tort Liability (50 Describes work area traffic control and minutes) how to use it properly to achieve coopera- Gives suggestions concerning traffic con- tion between the road user, contractor and trol devices for local jurisdictions to help nagger. avoid tort liability suits. Sample Applications of Work Area Traffic Tort Liability (60 minutes) Control (30 minutes) Discusses tort liability and local jurisdic- Devices used as work area traffic control tion responsibility with respect to design for both mobile or short and long term and operation of transportation facilities. construction zones. Speed Zoning by Montana Highway Patrol ST-212 Night Safety at WorksRes (12 minutes) (30 minutes) Specifications for providing a safe night- Describes background and misconceptions time environment in construction zones. of speed zoning and the procedures for Work Zone Flagging (25 minutes) determining speeds of highways and local When and where to use flagging, roads. responsibilities and requirements of

U. JOHN MOSICAUJK TECHNOLOGY "TRANSFER NON-PROFIT ORM SCHOOL OF CML ENGINEERING U.S. POSTAGE GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PAID ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30332 PERMIT NO 3023 ATLANTA, GA • ECH TRANS TscH

SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY UNIT OF THE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER VOL 6 NO. 2 SPRING 1988

TEST YOUR TORT LIABILITY I.Q. Joint and several liability-when it has been deter- mined in a legal action that two or more wrongdoers have jointly caused injury or The foaming definffions have been taken damage to the plaintiff, the plaintiff may seek from the Tod !Jabal), and Risk Manage- enforcement of the judgment against all of the ment workbook which was prepared for the defendants together, some of the defendants, or upcoming short-course of the same name. any one of the defendants. The term thus See if you know the meaning of each means that each wrongdoer can be considered tem to be liable individually or together. Affidavit-a voluntary, written statement made by an Judgment-the sentence of the law, for the record, individual, which is sworn to or affirmed before as the facts are applied to the law in the a witness or a notary public. A person who particular case; the ruling of the court and the makes an affidavit is called an affiant. final set of the proceeding. Complaint-a form of legal process which usually consists of a formal allegation or charge against Plainblf-the person who brings an action, suit or a party, which is made or presented to the complaint; the one who complains of an injury appropriate court of officer, for a crime that having been done. The plaintiff may be a has been committed or a wrong that has been person, a corporation, or any other legal entity. done. Release-the giving up or abandonment of a claim or 'Deep podcets' theory-describes the condition in right to the person against whom the claim which lawyers will involve potential defendants, exists, or the right to be enforced or exercised. if the defendants have the available financial resources. It also relates to the enforcement of Summons-a document issued to or served upon a judgments in the apportioning of awards under defendant in a civil action, for the purpose of joint and several liability. securing his appearance in the court action. The summons usually notifies the defendant that Defendant-the named entity which is being sued for if he should fail to appear within the specified having allegedly committed a wrongful act. A time, a judgment by default will be entered defendant may be an individual, a municipal against him. corporation, or any other legal entity. Tort-an injury or civil wrong, committed with or Deposition-an affidavit, oath, or written testimony without force, to the person or property of of a party or witness, given in the course of a another. It is a wrong that has been done to judicial proceeding In response to written or the plaintiff, and is actionable in court. oral questions, where there has been an oppor- tunity for cross-examination. Ni individual who Tortfeasor-a person who commits a tort or is a makes a deposition is called a deponent. wrongdoer. EDITOR'S NOTE NEWS BRIEFS

I, for one, am so glad that it is finally spring, Did you know that leaving your car idling and going and I am sure that you all are happy to have some back into the house while it warms up could lead to warm, pretty days In which to work. a fire in your engine?

Besides the coming of spring, the other big The National Highway Safety Administration has event which is coming up is our series of workshops cautioned motorists about leaving a cold engine to on right-of-way acquisition. Three workshops will be idle for an extended period of time. The agency offered—'Basic Relocation,' 'Business Moves.' and explained that when an engine is cold, most vehicles 'Decent, Safe, and Sanitary Housing'—in the spring, equipped with a carburetor will idle fast while the summer and fall, respectively, of 1988. Brochures choke is on until the operator depresses the for each workshop will be distributed to everyone on accelerator pedal to return the idle to normal. if our mailing list, so be on the look out for this the operator neglects to do this, or is away from the information so that you can set aside the appropriate vehicle, the engine may operate too long with the dates to attend. choke on, the catalytic converter could over heat and a fire could result. Due to vehicle differences, Each of the three workshops is offered NHTSA suggests that drivers consult their owner's independently of the others. In other words, you manual to determine how long the manufacturer may attend any or all of the three sessions (but, of advises that an engine can be idled safely. course, you are encouraged to attend them all). There is a registration fee of $50 for each session. which should be payable to the Georgia Department To promote the use of methanol and alternative of Transportation and presented at the time of the fuels, the Consumer Subcommittee of the Senate workshop. Commerce, Science and Transportation Committee is considering legislation (S. 1518) giving automobile The first workshop, which is entitled, 'Basic manufacturers credit toward meeting fuel efficiency Relocation; will be held throughout May in each of standards for the production of cars that run on the seven DOT districts. Please see the announce- alternative fuels. Also, the President's Task Force ment on page eleven for more details concerning the on Regulatory Relief has recommended that alterna- subject matter and the logistics of the workshop. tive fuels be exploited to upgrade air quality and cut dependence on foreign oil. I am currently in the process of writing a final report for 1987, and as a result, some interesting information has come to my attention. It seems that Rural economic development initiatives have been many of you are not aware that the Technology proposed in bills in the House and Senate (S. 1729 Transfer Center is equipped to provide technical and H.R. 3371). The legislation, introduced by Sen. assistance and technical materials, in addition to our Patrick Leahy (D.-Vt.) and Rep. Ed Jones (D.-Tenn.), services of workshops and this newsletter. The level provides funds for infrastructure improvements for ci technical assistance that we offer cannot be local governments. competitive with the services offered by consultant or engineering firms, but it can still be of signifi- cant benefit to you. (We generally restrict our A Japanese company is marketing a device that is assistance to projects which can be completed within said to maintain alertness by cooling the driver's a two-day period.) The Center also has a vast array forehead. The Drowsiness Stopper consists of a of technical materials which might be of benefit to headband with a fiat aluminum plate in the front you. If you let me know what specific subject you attached to a wire that plugs into any standard are interested in, I can sort my library list for that cigarette lighter. The plate contains a semiconductor topic. Even it I do not have enough copies to give thermoelement that is said to produce a cooling away, I Will certainly loan you a copy of anything sensation. According to the president of the com- that I have pany producing the device, the idea came as the result of research at Tokyo Kyoiku University show- Please keep all of this information in mind, and ing that maximum alertness and concentration was make full use of the Technology Transfer Center achieved by a combination of warm feet and a cool whenever you can. head. Enjoy the pretty weather! Undoubtedly one of the most useful of all temporary The Federal Occupational Safety Health Administra- warning and lane-marking devices is the familiar tion has announced changes to its construction rubber cone. Unfortunately, cones tend to be tipped industry compliance policy that reemphasize over and knocked about fairly easily by passing employers' on-site safety programs. traffic. Now a Chicago manufacturer has come out with a device that combines the idea of a traffic OSHA said that when construction inspections are cone with that of a child's punching toy. Burke's conducted, a safety and health program evaluation Inflatable Safety Cones have rounded, weighted will be completed paying special attention to bottoms like the punching toy. When knocked over, management commitment and leadership; assignment they pop right back up again. The top portion of of responsibility for the program; identification and the cone is inflated like a beachball and is made of control of hazards; training and education of super- a tough plastic material that is said to be resistant visors and employees; hazard analysis and record- to puncture and returns to its original shape when keeping; and first aid and medical assistance. run over. The tips are coated with a reflective glass-bead material for nighttime visibility. The Additionally, safety and health program deficiencies inflatable feature makes for easy storage when not will be discussed with the employer and violations of in use. The cones, which can be used both as instruction requirements, first aid, recordkeeping and emergency markers during a vehicle breakdown and identification and control of hazards will be cited. for marking road construction zones come, in both 18-inch and 28-inch sizes. A zip code can save hundreds of dollars: over one- third of all sign vandalism is attributed to theft. A paving system developed in Sweden incorporates The use of ''Loc Titer* cement adhesive on sign rubber particles into asphalt pavement. The pave- mounting nuts and bolts has been reported to be one ment surface is more flexible so that traffic breaks of the most effective means of reducing sign theft. and knocks aside ice on the roadway. Rubberized But what can you do if signs get stolen? pavement also increases skid resistance and durabil- ity. The pavement system is distributed in the U.S. Garth Witty, Road Agent for Mont Vernon, NH gets under the name "Plus Ride." about 30% of all his stolen signs back. How does he do it? By engraving his town's zip-code on the back The Alaska Department of Transportation tested the of the sign where it attaches to the posts. Any pavement and found that the use of rubber particles recovered sign from Mont Vernon can be identified. offers significant advantages when the pavement is properly placed and used in the proper location such as bridge decks.

An interesting spinoff is that it provides a use for waste tires.

The corrosion of reinforced concrete bridge deck and elements, aggravated by the use of road salts, repre- sents a world wide problem. An R&D program sponsored by West Germany's Research and Technology Ministry has now come up with fiberglass elements that are totally impervious to corrosion.

The high performance fiberglass plates and rein- forcement rods developed under the R&D program since 1980 have now been installed in two —It never fads — die sinned &dare between own poems is away% ender cewereetins " Duesseldorf bridges, the larger of which has a span of about 150 feet. They are currently undergoing APWA REPOSTER.,JANIJARY 19116 performance testing. Optical fiber sensors have been installed in the bridges to monitor the new elements which are said to be a world first. pointing the way to a resolution of the corrosion problem in future kdrastnicture projects. The larger, of the two bridges—a highway overpass—has been in *mice since last summer.

S HARD HATS In addition to cushioning blows, your hat can protect against electric shock, chemical spills, or hot materials. The subject of head protection has a rather interesting history. Safety hats as we know them WHEN TO WEAR HARD HATS have been around for some 60 years, but protective head gear is a lot older than that FOR WORK:

In the old days, soldiers would wrap pieces of On or adjacent to the traveled portion of the leather or metal strips around their heads for pro- roadway (generally the right of way). tection. Vikings made their leather helmets and Roman soldiers used polished metal helmets for In contractor's hard hat zones. protection against the blows of the enemy. Who knows, even the caveman may have thrown a turtle While operating heavy equipment. shell on his head for protection against the dubs of neighbors. Where there is danger of head injury from impact, falling, or flying objects. Protective head gear was forgotten for a few centuries until World War I, when it reappeared as Where there is danger of contact with a high the doughboy hat. Somebody had finally figured out voltage electrical source. the helmet could take the flying debris a lot easier than a man's head. After the war, the same helmet CARE AND MAINTENANCE was modified for industry and became the safety hat. Periodically, check the shell for cracks and the Safety hats, more commonly called hard hats, suspension system for cracking, tearing, or fraying. come in two models: (1) the cap which has a bill on Never paint, drill holes, or use solvents on your hard the front, and (2) the hat which has the full brim. hat because they weaken the shell. Use soap and The hat weighs 2 to 3 ounces more than the cap, but water. As a general rule, the entire hat should be the balancing factor makes it impossible for a blind- replaced every two years. folded person to tell the difference. What's more, the full brim offers better protection from the sun DON'T LOSE YOUR HEAD OVER FALSE and rain. OBJECTIONS

it is important that the inner suspension be Here are some answers to questions and com- properly adjusted. The webbing and band should ments most commonly heard. both be securely on your head and adjusted so that you can bend over without the hat falling off. The * "Why all the emphasis on hard hats?' new ratchet adjustment helps by allowing a more accurate and faster adjustment. Remember, the brain is the control center of the body. The slightest damage to any part will By the way, chin straps are available on con- cause a malfunction of some area of the body, either tract to afford maximum protection. Think of the temporarily or permanently. The skull, under normal limited protection a football player would have circumstances, protects the brain, but when the without a chin strap on his helmet Several injuries possibility of brain damage from outside sources are reported each year wherein hard hats are exists, additional protection is required. knocked off and head injuries occur as a result. Remember, a hard hat cannot protect you if it is not * "My hard hat is too hot in the summer.' on your head. Tests in hot weather have shown that the temperature inside a hard hat is 12 degrees cooler than a baseball style cap. Your head is kept cool because of the ventilation provided by air spaces between the shell and the suspension. The hat's surface reflects the heat too.

* "My hard hat is too cold in the winter.'

Liners that come down over the ears are readily available for cold days. Hard hats must not be worn on top of everyday hats or parkas, and of course, Equipment required: you must not remove the suspension. Dump trucks 3-5 * 'My had hat is km heavy and strains my 1 Distributor truck Roller 1 Power broom 1 The weight of the hat should go unnoticed if 1 Motor grader the hat is properly worn and maintained. The Asphalt spreader 1 average safety hat weighs about 13 ounces. Your head weighs about 13 pounds. That is one 8-10 ounce of protection for every pound of head. Material required: It's a real bargain! Hot premix asphalt concrete (Adapted from "Bulletin,' Washington State Liquid asphalt tack coat Department of Transportation) Repair procedures:

1. Place signs and other safety control devices.

2. Clean loose material off surface with power MAINTENANCE TIPS broom.

3. Apply fight uniform coat of tack material LEVELING WITH PREMIX covering entire surface to receive leveling course. Leveling is required when there is rutting or corrugations. 4. Spot dump premix from trucks along area to be leveled. Rutting is a longitudinal depression that forms in wheel paths. It is caused when pavement is 5. Spread premix with motor grader; layers should permanently deformed under traffic. It normally be less than 3 inches thick. occurs in wheel paths of a new pavement due to improper compaction during construction or in wheel 6. Hand rake excess premix over the butt joints paths of older pavements because of inadequate and feather the edges. thickness for the traffic volume on the road. 7. Roll each layer of premix immediately after Corrugation is pronounced ridges and valleys spreader. (ripples) occurring less than 2 feet apart, crosswise to the direction of traffic. This distress is some- 8. Clean loose materials from roadway with power times referred to as Nwashboarding.a Corrugations broom. are normally caused by unstable mixes produced by a) an excess of asphalt, b) an asphalt cement that is 9. Clean up area and remove signs. too soft a binder, c) a mix with too many fines in the aggregate, or d) a mix with rounded aggregate. Corrugations normally occur where a bump causes vehicles to spring or where there is braking and acceleration of vehicles such as at intersections. COMPLETE OVERLAY WITH PREMIX

Crew required for leveling with premix: Complete overlay is required when there is extensive cracking or potholes, or insufficient road- Equipment operators 3 way profiles. Truck drivers 3-5 Rakemen 2 Potholes are small (less than.3 feet in diameter) Laborers 2 depressions in the pavement surfaces. They are Flagmen 2 normally irregular in shape, have sharp edges, and vertical sides near the top. Potholes are usually 12-14 " caused by poor design practices such as too thin of

5 bars are on six-inch centers throughout the 25-foot SHOP-BUILT RURAL BRIDGES length of the beam.

Oklahoma Uses Precast Short Spans Three circular bores are provided so the beams to Cut Costs, Ease Installation can be bolted together. They appear in the illustra- tion as dashed lines, ending in a notch that provides Research in Oklahoma into short-span bridge a flat surface to hold the bolt. The four circles at design has produced a precasting technique that the top of the drawing represent reinforcing bars promises stronger replacement bridges at reduced running perpendicular to the shear bars through the costs and construction times—all with typical county length of the beam. highway department labor. Note the notch at the top corners of the beam. The program's sponsors include Stephen C. The top is one inch narrower than the body of the Lewis, a state legislator and principal author of girder. When two beams are placed together, a two- funding for the research; James E. Shamblin, Director inch-wide shear blodcout is created between adjoin- of the Center for Local Government Technology at ing beams. When filled, it forms a shear key that Oklahoma State University-Stillwater, which per- transfers load and helps prevent one beam from formed the research; and J. D. Paden, OSU-Stillwater moving independently of the other. Extension Engineer. Pottawatomie County Commissioner James Craven supervised most of the The first three demonstration bridges use bare initial construction, and Roger J. Driskill, a regional steel, extension engineer Paden said. Future bridges engineer for Portland Cement Association, provided probably will use epoxy-coated steel. The design technical assistance. originally called for Grade 40 steel, but Paden said it was changed to Grade 60 to compensate for the Since 72 percent of the 15,174 bridges in lightness of the beams while maintaining the objec- Oklahoma's county system are rated structurally tive of heavy load capacity. deficient or functionally obsolete, it was an appropriate site for research into better ways of 'We designed this bridge according to the same designing and building rural bridges. Even though loading criteria as the interstate system, but with Oklahoma's bridges qualified for repair or replace- much lighter beams," Paden said. 'That's why we ment cost-sharing under the federal off-system went to heavier steel." program and Oklahoma's county bridge improvement program, funds were inadequate to replace the ailing DESIGNED FOR 20-25 FEET bridges using standard designs and techniques. Paden emphasized that the design was not SIMPUFIED DESIGN intended for bridges longer than 25 feet. He doubts that most counties will want to use it for spans The issue before OSU-Stilhvater's Center for shorter than 20 feet, because they would not meet Local Government Technology, one of FHWA's the minimum length criteria to be classified as a Technology centers, was how to make existing funds bridge and thus would be ineligible for state or and expertise go farther. The goal was simplified federal cost-sharing. design and construction of short span bridges. M important aspect of the design is that the The solution was a system of prefabricated, beams can be prefabricated with reusable steel forms reinforced concrete beams using a modified double-T that county crews can create from standard struc- cross section with no prestressing. The girders were tural shapes. placed side by side to obtain the desired roadway width and bolted together with one-inch tie bars. The benefits are substantially reduced material Keyways lett between the girders were grouted from costs and construction time. Beams can be built in the top of the deck with a high-strength epoxy or winter or off times in county maintenance yards and high density concrete grout to meet AASHTO stan- stockpiled. When an old bridge has been removed dards. This system yields an HS-20 load rating. and new abutments completed, the beams can be Most bridges replaced under the program had a five- hauled to the site and set in place. ton load limit. JIG TABLE AVOIDS ERRORS The illustration shows the placement of rein- forcing steel in the beam. Tensile strength is Paden estimates the cost of the reusable steel developed through the duster of three No. 10 bars in forms at about $4,300 a pair. To ensure correct the loop at the end of the shear bar. The shear placement of the reinforcing steel, the university suggests use of a template (jig) table with notches and stops. The risk in working with inexperienced wasted motion since everyone was inexperienced. crews is that they might misplace or leave out bars, This, coupled with unusually deep bedrock—bearing thus weakening the bridge. piles were 43 to 45 ft. long—elevated the cost.'

The jig table used by Pottawatomie County is Nevertheless, the university believes strongly buitt of channel iron. The reinforcing steel is laid that the design can produce savings of at least 15 in the notches. When all the notches are filled, the percent over conventional designs. State and county bars are all in their proper places. The table is officials share this confidence. Two similar bridges dimensioned such that if a bar is too long or too are under construction, one in Pottawatomie County short, it will not fit. and another in Osage County, and a fourth is planned. When the bars are installed, the whole basket is hoisted into the form. After clearances are verified, Osage County Commissioner Harold Muman sees a 3,500 psi transit-mixed concrete is poured into the more than financial advantages. "If I have some of form. Each girder requires about 2.75 cubic yards of these beams in the yard when one of those concrete. Pottawatomie County pours two beams a: overweight oilfield trucks breaks all the stringers on a time, leaving them in the forms until flexural a wood deck, I can grab four or five of the beams strength specimens indicate 550 psi. and have that bridge open for school buses the next day," Muman said. Finish of the upper surface is left rough because it will be the roadway. The two outside (Reprinted from 'Arizona Roads," October, 1987) beams will have steel plates flush with their sides and anchored with welded U-bolts for guard-rail posts. Continued from page 8 "The system is foolproof," Paden said. 'Every- thing either fits or it doesn't. If it fits it's right." Experience has shown Riverside's Street Main- tenance Department that the best production of their PCA's Driskill agreed. "The system is unique in entire cutout and patch crew is gained when all that it allows the county the latitude to schedule pavement scheduled for replacement in a single day work as time and manpower permit,' Driskell said. is outlined for the cutter wheel at the outset of the "The entire operation can be completed in minimum day's work. The loader then handles all pavement time with minimum personnel.' removal, leaving the area free for the paving crew. Following this sequence, it is not uncommon for the The girders are stockpiled until there are cutout and paving crew to remove and replace enough for a bridge. Eight girders usually are 10,000 sq ft of distressed asphalt in a single day, required. They are hauled to the site on a low-boy using only the loader, supporting dump trucks and trailer. A county road department can pour a yard- the paving spread. ful of girders during the winter and have them ready for the spring floods. What does Clelland do with all the time saved by this novel use of the loader? "We send the TEST BRIDGE COST 530,600 loader down the rural roads to clean up palm fronds and help with drainage repair, then run it out to our The bridge selected for the first test is four pit for material loading. The pavement cutter hasn't miles west of Shawnee. County crews removed the cut back on the amount of work we have to do. It old bridge, materials for new abutments were pur- just lets us do it more efficient." chased, and a contract was let for labor and equip- ment to drive pilings. (Reprinted from "Roads & Bridges," May, 1987) Vertical wall, sheet piling type abutments with HP 10 x 42 bearing piles and 45 degree wings were constructed. Then the prefabricated deck was hauled to the site and erected in less than a day.

Total cost of the pilot bridge was $30,600, not including the cost of the forms.

'This represents very little savings over a con- , crete box of comparable opening,' Paden said. 'However, on the first bridge there was considerable

7 CUTTER ON WHEEL LOADER cutter wheel attached to the bottom of a wheel loader's bucket could simplify life for everyone. DOES JOB ON AGED ASPHALT Even in its prototype stage on an older, smaller loader, it worked so well that a local contractor first rented Riverside's machine, then copied the Riverside, Cariomia, adds strop-designed pavement cutter and now uses it on his own loaders. and fabricated pavement cutter wheel to multi-purpose bucket loaders does double-duly The 14-in.-diam steel disc cutter is installed in a modified scarifier tooth. A steel socket for the The Public Works Department of California's tooth was welded to the heel of the bucket, where a city of Riverside has found a unique way to remove steel pin holds the wheel strut in place. distressed asphalt pavement They added a shop- designed and fabricated pavement cutter wheel to the The earlier version of the wheel assembly was bucket of a new wheel loader. Now the loader and a permanently installed on the loader bucket. When dump truck alone take care of all pavement cutout the new loader was purchased, a Caterpillar Model and removal work. 936, the wheel assembly was redesigned to allow the wheel to be removed from the socket so it doesn't It's fast, precise and quiet," said Dick Clelland, interfere with loader bucket operation. A hand- senior street maintenance supervisor for Riverside's operated cable winch installed on the rear of the Public Works Department. 'We're doing more work bucket permits fast and easy installation and removal with less equipment and fewer people.' of the cutter wheel.

Residents of the neighborhoods in which In operation, the pavement cutter is pressed Riverside's repair crews frequently work will add into the asphalt surface by hydraulic downpressure that street repair is no longer accompanied by the and weight of the loader's bucket. A slight rocking noise and clutter of pavement breakers and jack- is often required to initially break through the hammer crews. surface crust. Once down to full cutting depth of 6 inches, the cutter wheel is in business and works For Riverside's Street Maintenance Department, just lOce a pizza cutter, with the loader operator a nimble front end loader has always been the following the outline of a cutout spray-marked on pivotal machine for street repair and maintenance the pavement Where the pavement is particularly work. On an earlier loader, they perfected a pave- hard or thick, added pressure on the wheel is gained ment cutter wheel addition to the loader bucket by filling the loader bucket. They have further perfected the device and have it installed on the backside of their loader's new The 40° articulation and good operator visibility multipurpose bucket. of the wheel loader is a big help to Riverside's street crew, particularly on narrow residential streets A big part of Dick Clelland's street maintenance or busy arterials. It permits quick execution of the work involves repairing old oil and asphalt streets, cross cuts at the end of each cutout many of them dating to the first residential boom period of the 1950s. In some areas deterioration of In order to speed cutout work and provide the the asphalt binder has caused the roadway to crack dean pavement edge needed for good patch work, and ravel. In other areas, waterlogged roadway base cutouts are always made at least as wide as the has given way. Whatever the cause, the remedy is loader bucket. The removal of the outlined section the same: remove the damaged pavement section and of the distressed pavement then requires only loader in some instances reconstruct the base, then send in bucket work, with modest hand shovel cleanup at the the patch crew. ends of the cutouts.

With the growth of Riverside—the one-time The multi-purpose bucket is considered essential orange grove community is now a growing city of for this work by Clelland. Its clam action makes 170,000 with 720 miles of mostly asphalt streets—the short, easy work of handling large pieces of pave- amount of time devoted to street patching has sky- ment, and for cleanup at the ends of the cutouts. rocketed, not accounting for nearly half of the The bucket is also a help when unstable base must Street Maintenance Department's budget. be removed. Again, the short turn radius of the articulated is critical to material handling and truck Clelland's department, recognizing that sections loading on small and busy streets. for removal were wasting time and aggravating surrounding residents and businesses, decided that a Continued on page 7

8 an asphalt surface, poor drainage, or inadequate base. Roll each layer immediately after placement. Potholes are liable to occur in any location. Further 7. localized distress such as alligator cracking can quickly develop into pot holes when water is present 8. Repeat for other lanes as necessary. Broom area to remove loose materials from Poorly designed or constructed roadway profiles 9. allow water to pond on the pavement due to insuffi- roadway surface. cient crown and/or low points in the pavement grade. Insufficient roadway profiles are caused by 10. Clean up area and remove signs. improper techniques in placing the pavement surface or inadequate design for drainage. They are normally found on old section of road, but may occur on roads recently resurfaced. Crew required for complete overlay with premix PANEL REVIEWS STATE TRUCK Equipment operators 3 Truck drivers 3-5 AND BUS REGULATIONS Rakemen 2 Laborers 2 Flagmen 2 The Commercial Motor Vehicle Safety Regula- tory Review Panel, an Important but little-known 12-14 advisory group to the Federal Highway Administra- tion, is quietly at work at its massive statutory task Equipment required: of reconciling all state truck and bus safety regula- tions with the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regula- Dump trucks 3-5 tions. The goal of the panel Is to Improve highway Distributor truck 1 safety by removing the confusion and frustration Roller 1 truck and bus drivers experience when operating Power broom 1 between states. Asphalt spreader 1 In December, at its fifth meeting since being formed In 1986, the group approved the format for - 7-9 notifications that will be sent to every state governor calling attention to broad areas In which Material required: Individual state laws or regulations are different from their federal counterparts. Hot premix asphalt The governors' comments will be assimilated in Liquid asphalt tack coat a report to the Secretary of Transportation in September of 1988 by the Safety Panel, with Its Repair procedure: recommendations. In turn, under terms of the underlying Motor Carrier Safety Act of 1984, the 1. Place signs and other safety control devices. individual states have until October 30, 1989, to bring them into conformity. After that, any state 2. Close the lane being repaired to traffic. law not compatible with corresponding federal laws or regulations may not be in effect and enforced. - 3. Clean loose. material from surface using power The panel had previously received information broom. from all the states and the District of Columbia showing a total of 71,000 state truck and bus safety 4. Apply a light but uniform covering of asphalt regulations. Of those, some 43 percent were found tack material from distributor truck. to be not equivalent to federal regulations. It is that group that is the subject of the correspondence 5. Spread mix in place with asphalt spreader; no for the governors. rd t should be placed that exceeds 3 inches in thickness; care should be taken to assure proper roadway profile (e.g., a crown greater than 1% and no low spots in pavement).

. Rake edge of pavement to prevent sudden drop off.

9 IMPROPERLY MOUNTED TEN COMMANDMENTS `BOXES CAUSE ACCIDENTS FOR GOOD ROADS

Public officials who have the responsibility for ensuring that the most effective use is made of public funds for constructing roads should make a concerted effort to guarantee that the following rules are used in designing and constructing the roads. Abiding by these rules will produce a high quality road that provides a smooth riding surface Improperly mounted mailboxes are responsible for a long timer period with only a minimum amount significant number of accidents and injuries on of maintenance expense. roads and highways each year. 1. Get water away from the road. It is estimated that there may be as many as 20 2. Build on a firm foundation. et mailboxes on rural roads and streets and 3. Use the best soils available. ter 10 to 15 million mailboxes on suburban 4. Compact the soils and pavement layers well. ts. Because most accident record systems do 5. Design for traffic loads and volumes. ► late accidents associated with mailboxes, there 6. Pave only those roads that are ready for 'Red data suggesting that possibly 70 to 100 paving. le die annually in the United States in vehicles 7. Build from the bottom up. 3g mailboxes where the design of the mailbox 8. Consider maintenance requirements when design- specially its support can be shown to have ing and constructing the road. ibuted to the severity of the accident. 9. Protect your investment. 10. Keep good records. The typical single mailbox installation mounted 4 x 4 inch wooden post or a 1.5 inch diameter (Adapted from: Transportation Information gauge pipe is not a serious threat to motorists Exchange News, St. Michael's College, Winooski, uch as the massive structures, such as masonry Vermont) nns, railroad rail and ties, tractor wheels, plow et, concrete filled barrels, etc. that are used dimes to support mailboxes. These turn the Ilation into a lethal roadside obstacle. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The grouped or multiple mailbox installation is B serious threat to the unfortunate motorist who The Technology Transfer (T2) Program is a nation- s It The horizontal member in these installs- wide effort financed jointly by the Federal Highway usually a timber plank supporting the group of Administration and individual State Departments of poxes, is poised at windshield height and, when Transportation. its purpose is to translate into k, has impaled or decapitated motorists. understandable terms the latest state-of-art tech- nologies in the areas of roads, bridges, and public Careful erection of mailboxes can markedly cut transportation, to local and county highway and this type of accident. Mailboxes should be transportation personnel. ted along the horizon line, making them much visible to oncoming traffic. Second, the mail- The T2 Center at Georgia Tech is sponsored by the s should be mounted on one-post supports which Georgia Department of Transportation and provides orally inflict less damage to vehicles striking information and counsel to more than 500 municipal- I than two-post or cement supports. ities and counties in our state. This newsletter is designed to keep you informed about new publics- Further guidelines for erecting mailboxes are bons, new techniques, and new training opportunities led in the American Association of State that may be helpful to you and your community. way Officials (AASHM) publication A Guide for Individuals wishing to receive future copies of this ling Itialbowes on Iftglrelays. To order this newsletter at no cost may send their requests to: e, send $4.00 plus $1.25 postage and handling to: FITO, Publications, Suite 225, 444 N. Capital M. John Moskaluk et NW, Washington, DC 20011. Technology Transfer Center School of avir Engineering (Reprinted from KUTC newsletter of The Georgia Tech ersity Kansas Transportation Center. Atlanta, Georgia 3a332

10 that have relatively low voWmes of traffic. Timber WORKSHOPS bridges have already been constructed in other states at significantly lower costs than bridges made from RIGHT-OF WAY ACQUISITION traditional materials, such as steel and concrete. BASIC RD.DCATION Municipal officials who are In a position to make decisions on Installation and replacement of The Technology Transfer Center is sponsoring a bridges will want to attend, as will engineers and series of three workshops on right-of-way acquisi- manufacturers and treaters of lumber. The tion. The first workshop is entitled, 'Basic Reloca- conference will address: 1) design, construction, and Ikse maintenance of modern timber bridges; 2) the need This course Is designed for the new right-of- for, cost comparisons, and practical experiences in way agent and for the experienced employee whose using timber bridges; and 3) the suitability and background has been limited to other right-of-way treatabilty of native timber. disciplines. This course will provide additional The conference registration is $100 prior to insight and answer three basic questions about the April 29 and $125 after that date. The registration relocation program: 1)WHEN, 2)WHERE, and 3)HOW. fee includes course materials, breaks, and meals. The registration fee for this one-day workshop Please make check payable to "WVU Foundation." Is $50.00 per person. The fee should be made Requests for further information and/or payable to the Department of Transportation and registration should be addressed to: West Virginia presented on the day of the workshop. University Conference Center, 704 Knapp Hall, The workshop will be presented in an seven Morgantown, WV 26506-6031. DOT districts in the auditorium of the district office. The dates and locations are as follows: DATE LOCATION PUBLICATIONS May 10 District 5, Jesup (912)427-9081 The following publications are available from the May 12 District 4, Tifton Technology Transfer Center at no charge. Call or (912)386-3300 write the Center to obtain these materials. May 17 District 3, Thomaston (404)647-892 MAINTENANCE AND HIGHWAY SAFETY HANDBOOK May 18 District 2, Termille (912)552-7311 Highway agencies must view with concern all May 24 District 1, Gainesville highway conditions which may cause accidents or (404)532-6526 increase their severity and take immediate corrective May 26 District 6, Cartersville action. Much of this work must be done by main- (404)382-3120 tenance personnel as a part of routine highway May 31 District 7, Chamblee maintenance. (404)986-1011 Many highway maintenance organizations today recognize a need to develop an awareness of safety Please register no later than one week prior to in all personnel. Toward these ends, this pocket the date of the presentation that you wish to attend. handbook has been developed. it presents illustra- Contact the Technology Transfer Center (1-800- tions and narrative examples of roadway hazards and 282-1275 or 404/894-2360) to register or if you have scenes of good and bad maintenance operations. It further questions. is intended as a reference guide for maintenance crews to interest them in watching for and reporting roadway hazards; preventing accidents caused by PILOT TIMBER BRIDGE CONFERENCE improper highway maintenance; and using proper CHARLESTON, W.V. safety devices to protect workers and the public in May 11-12, 1988 maintenance work areas.

The West Virginia Municipal Street and Highway Information Program announces a plot Tknber Bridge Continued on page 12 Conference to be heid at the Charleston House Holiday Inn, Charleston, West Virginia. The conference will explore the advantages to municipalities of constructing timber bridges on roads

11 Continued born page 11

RATING UNSURFACEO ROADS

About two-thirds of the highways in the United GEORGIA TECH States and 90% of all roads worldwide are unsurfaced or lightly surfaced low-volume roads. Many systems are being used to manage the maintenance of these TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER roads. This manual describes a method that can help local highway agencies manage their unsurfaced SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING roads. The result of the system is a rating for each section of road indicating how badly that section ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30332 needs repairs. (404) 894-2300 An unsurfaced road is any road that does not have porttand cement concrete, asphalt concrete or any other surface treatment. Some agencies consider 1-800-282-1275 gravel to be a surfacing materials; for the purposes of this manual a gravel road is an unsurfaced road. D1RECTOR-M. JOHN MOSKAWK

EDffOR-MARTY MILLINER

M. JOHN MOSKALLIK TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER HOPI-PROFIT ORG. U.S. POSTAGE SCHOOL OF CNL ENGINEERING GEORGIA INSITIUM OF TECHNOLOGY PAID ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30332 PERIAT NO. 9029 MANTA. OA ECH TRANS

SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY uNrr OF THE UNIVERSI1Y SYSTEM OF GEORGIA

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER VOL 6 NO.3 SUMMER 1986

CONTROLLING THE EFFECTS when inspecting a site. The permit should include a OF UTILITY CUTS clause declaring the utility avatar responsible far adherence to the local standards. A good policy is Utility street cuts that are not sufficiently to require notification 24 to 48 hours prior to the restored make maintaining smooth street seams work. Follow-up inspections should be made six to even more difficult To combat tie problem, it is 24 months after the repair. Also, document all important that local governing bodies develop and Inspections. enforce ordinances for use of its right,of-vmuy by utilities Target dates should also be set for compliance. If work Is not completed satisfactorily, the necessary The ordinance must be explicit and uniformly repairs should be made and billed to the utility. if applied to municipal agencies as well as contractors. they do not pay for the repair, the performance Here are some guidelines for developing a sound bond can be used to defray the repair expenses. utility-cut ordinance. There are several potential problems that should First, all work conducted within a city's right- be recognized. First, when the utility requesting and of-way should require a permit prior to construction. making cuts its owned by the local government, Plans should be required with each request involving discretion should be used In deciding If a permit is a street cut or utility Installation. Fees can be required, how to enforce the specifications, and who based upon the project size or a flat fee may be will conduct the inspections. Second, visual Inspec- assessed. Since processing paper work takes time, tion of the compacted bacidil is an Inadequate prac- the utility company must know the advance notice tice. Density tests by an independent firm should be needed prior to construction as well as the specifica- a routine check, the cost to be paid by the tions to be met. In addition, emergency-cut contractor. procedures should be identified and suitable traffic- control procedures outlined. To prevent a neMy-paved street from being ripped up two months later for utility installation, Bonds can also be Issued. The amourt should utility cut operations should be coordinated with be based upon the potential for road damage. The resurfacing efforts. Finally, if there are many bond should remain in effect for two years to ensure patches required, the assigning of color codes to proper restoration of the road. utilities may help in identifying who Is responsible for each utility cut. Specifications should be developed by the locality outlining regulations on pavement cutting. A little planning may save big headaches later. type of backtll material allowed, minimum compac- tion standards, restoration of subbase, and paint and identification. From KUTC Newsletter. The University of Kansas Transportation Center, Yol. 10, No 1, Restoration will be no better than the Inspec- February 1 tion allot The epe:iffumukma met be followed EDITOR'S NOTE NEWS BRIEFS

A total of 118 persons attended the Right-of-Way The final Transportadon 2020 forum has been held. Acquisition Workshop on Basic Relocation which wee. Thousands of people spoke at more than 80 forums. held in May. We feel that the attendance should Transcripts are put Into a computerized information- have been higher for such a key topic. The issues retrieval system to aid in preparation of the national involved in right-of-way acquisition are becoming summary report scheduled for release in June. increasingly complicated, and local personnel need to According to Les Lamm, Chairman, Advisory keep up-to-date on the facts. Committee on Highway Policy, the committee's work is largely over and Transportation Alternatives Group Please make a special note of the announcement on will take the lead in identifying policies and page 11 concerning the next workshop on right-of- financing. way acquisition. The topics for the fall course will be 'Decent, Safe, and Sanitary Housing' and 'Business Moves.' The importance of your awareness Secretary of Transportation Jim Burnley announced of the proper methods and requirements for right-of- that a permanent office of safety will be created way acquisition cannot be stressed enough. Please within the Department of Transportation. Designated register as soon as possible for the workshop in your the Office- of Safety Program Review, the new district. department will conduct independent in-depth reviews of the effectiveness of safety programs. It will Commissioner Rives and the Technology Transfer review how well previous recommendation have been Center are in the process of attempting to assess the implemented by DOT administrations and serve as a impact of the Center in Georgia. Evaluation focal point for directing special safety initiative by questionnaires have been distributed to county com- the Secretary. missioners for their subsequent distribution to officials in their counties. If you received one of The news office is a descendent of the Safety the questionnaires and have not yet completed it, Review Task Force, which has operated since 1983 as please complete it and return it to Commissioner an adhoc group. The office will report to Carolina Rives as soon as possible. L Mederos, the recently appointed Deputy Assistant Secretary for Safety, serving under the Assistant Secretary for Policy and International Affairs.

PUBLICATIONS Residents of College Park, Georgia are so in love with the new 33 mph speed limit that they are 'Financing Infrastructure: Innovations at the taking them home with them. The City Council Local Level' was prepared for National League of voted to drop the limit from 35 mph to catch the Cities (NLC) by Apogee Research, Inc. The 140-page attention of speeders. The signs went up, and two book is intended to help municipalities understand were stolen within a week, apparently as novelties. and handles local capital finance. Twenty-four case studies illustrate various financing techniques. 'I think 33 will be noticed more than 35—people will Copies are $10 to NLC members and $15 to non- pay more attention to it,' said Councilman Thomas members plus postage. To order, contact NLC, 1301 Waller, who proposed the new limit. Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20004; phone 202/828-3000. Wailer said he got the idea from a town in Tennessee that has speed limits of 43, 33, and 'Rating Unsurfaced Roads: A field manual for 23 mph. Waller said he does not remember the name measuring maintenance problems' describes a method of the town, but he does remember its speed limits. that can help local highway agencies manage their That is the whole idea, he said. unsurfaced roads. The result of the system is a rating for each section of road indicating how badly that section needs repair. On May 17, Adams County, Colorado, Voter* approved annexing 45 square miles of land for a new The manual was prepared by the U. S. Army international airport that will replace Denver's Corps of Engineers, Cold Regions Research and Stapleton International Airport—the fifth busies in Engineering Laboratory and is available from the the U.S. with 35 million passengers per year. The Technology Transfer Center at no charge. new airport will be the first major one planned since . Dallas-Fort Worth opened in 1974 and will be the should be referred to FHWA Docket No. MC-130 and world's largest in square miles. The target comple- sent to FHWA, Room 4232, HCO-1 0. 400 Seventh tion date for the $3 billion airport is 1993. Street SW, Washington, DC, 20590.

The Federal Aviation Administration predicts that it could become the nation's second busiest airport, Unnecessary and obsolete signs confuse and annoy behind Chicago's O'Hare, because of its strategic drivers, may give a false sense of security, and can location between Europe and the Pacific Rim. The breed disrespect for all signs. airport is expected to serve 72 million passengers by the year 2000. Local officials often face public pressure to install "Children At Play' signs. Although such signs have been posted widely in some communities, there is no Emergency medical services (EMS) personnel should evidence that they prevent injuries to pedestrians or be required to wear safety belts and to comply with decrease speed of vehicles. traffic signals and speed limits, according to researchers at Vanderbilt University's School of 'Children At Playa signs may give parents and Medicine. A study headed by Paul S. children a false sense of security. Since nearly Auerbach, M.D., analyzed 102 ambulance accidents every residential block has children living on it, you that occurred in Tennessee between 1983 and 1986. would have to place a sign in each one. Blocks with One death and 65 injuries were sustained in the 29 no signs might imply to the driver that no children most severe crashes. live there, and therefore it is all right to speed. Also, children may interpret these signs to mean it The team found that failure to use belts was the is acceptable to play in the street most important factor in determining injuries among ambulance personnel. "More than half of the For these reasons federal and state sign standards ambulance drivers and front-seat passengers were not discourage use of 'Children At Play' signs. 'Drive wearing a restraint at the time of the accident in Carefully in School Zones' and 'Slow Children" have spite of a clear regulation and medical professional also fallen out of use for some of the same reasons. attitudes toward such activity,' Auerbach and his However, you can and should post schools, pedestrian colleagues said in a report in the Journal of the crossings, playgrounds and other recreational areas. American Medical Association.

"Equally distressing is the observation that passengers in the rear of the ambulance, notably the patients or attendants located on the stretcher or sifting on the bench, were unrestrained.' While 13 of 52 unrestrained ambulance drivers were injured, only four of the 48 restrained drivers were hurt GEORGIA TECH Nearly all of the 18 persons with moderately severe injuries were not using restraints. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER Urging that ambulance drivers should be required to SCHOOL OF CML ENGINEERING. comply with traffic rules and speed limits, the team noted that loose interpretation of what constitutes ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30332 an emergency has given these drivers "carte blanche to operated their vehicles as they see fit.' (404) 8942360

Secretary of Transportation Jim Burnley announced a 1-800-282-1275 proposal which would allow truck and bus operators to use onboard recording devices that automatically monitor vehicle and driver information. The proposal DIIIECTOR—M. JOHN MOSKALLIK would allow a variety of devices, ranging from a basic recording device to a more sophisticated com- EDITOR—MARTY AfILUNER puter system, to be installed in trucks and buses and used instead of handwritten records. If you wish to comment on the proposal, contact FHWA. Comments

3 HOW TO LEASE EQUIPMENT - Tax-exempt status. The agreement is con- sidered a conditional sale to a tax-exempt entity. Tax-exempt lease-purchase is simply an alter- - The lessee is always a governmental entity nate form of equipment financing. Its use is often with at least one of the following—taxing authority, triggered by these conditions: police power, or power of eminent domain. - It is difficult to obtain needed funding of - Title to the equipment resides with the lessee. large capital outlays for equipment replacement The lessor retains a security interest in the equip- because of political or fiscal constraints. Lease- ment as opposed to true leases where the lessor purchase can convert large, lump-sum expenditures to holds full title. multi-year, fixed operating costs which may be more - To qualify for tax-exempt status, the lessee acceptable to the taxing authority. must certify that equipment is to be used for essen- - Equipment tends to be retained beyond its tial governmental purposes. useful life. By matching payment schedules to - The agreement is nullified if the legislative realistic life-cycles, lease-purchase can be a powerful body does not appropriate sufficient funds annually tool in developing an equipment-replacement program. for its continuance. This is always coupled with a This can reduce life-cycle and overall operating and nonsubstitution clause prohibiting the lessee from maintenance costs. replacing equipment lost through nonappropriation. - Market conditions or legal restrictions pre- Purpose of these stipulations is to avoid the legal vent recovery of surplus equipment's fair market appearance of a multi-year agreement and to avoid value. Through careful choice of residual values, procedural and legal requirements and costs some types of lease-purchase can eliminate or reduce associated with incurring long-term indebtedness. the need for surplus disposal at below-market rates. While tax-exempt lease-purchase agreements - Cash-flow considerations affect many deci- are offered in many forms, they can be classified sions. Amortization of payments' over several years into three types—full-payout, closed-end, and open- lends itself to stable cash-flow and allows a much end. Full-payout accounts for the vast majority of larger capital impact for each dollar spent Further- governmental lease-purchase arrangements. In its more, lease-purchase usually does not have a nega- simplest form, it is a straightforward installment- tive effect on government bond ratings. financing agreement. Equity in the equipment is - Because it has fewer legal restrictions, lease- accrued over the term of the agreement since pay- purchase is often a less expensive financing source ments are structured so that residual value at term than bonds or capital-outlay notes. end is very small. With the final residual payment, Lease-purchase is known by several different the equipment becomes the unencumbered property names: finance lease, manufacturers lease, residual of the lessee. lease, governmental lease, municipal lease, municipal Flexibility of equipment choice, low finance lease-purchase, and tax-exempt lease. Regardless of rates, and ability to spread payments over several the name, it is a fairly complicated legal document fiscal years have made this method very popular. which is three different things simultaneously: However, it is not without drawbacks. Payments can - An operating lease or rental of equipment for be higher than in other options where equity is not a specified period time period. built in equipment. Terms may exceed equipment's - A conditional sales contract or installment useful life, reinforcing a tendency to retain cost- finance agreement for purchase of equipment meeting prohibitive units. Few services are offered with qualifications of Internal Revenue Service relating to these agreements. Finally, a lessee may be faced sale of equipment to tax-exempt organizations. with acquisition and disposal problems. - Option to purchase the equipment at the end Closed-end lease-purchase may be considered of the rental period at stated residual value. as rental of equipment's useful life. Typically, Each of these characteristics is structured to residual value is fixed when the agreement is made. uphold the tax-exempt status of the lease-purchase Penalties are assessed for excessive mileage or poor agreement Tax-exempt status is integral to the condition (beyond normal wear and tear) that may agreement as it allows the lessor to offer finance affect residual market value. Residual value is rates considerably less than prime rate. Aside from essentially structured as a buy-out option which must low finance costs, these characteristics play an be exercised to retain possession of equipment at important role for the lessee. Because of the rental lease end. This arrangement resembles a mortgage aspect of the agreement, lease-purchase is not con- with a balloon payment because little or no equity in sidered long-term debt and does not generally affect equipment is amassed unless the buy-out option is bond ratings or financial position. exercised. Lease-purchase differs from a standard lease in This type of agreement is generally restricted several ways: to equipment with a good resale market such as

4 sedans, pickups, or medium-duty trucks. Although equipment manufacturers, and securities firms. Each not often used, closed-end arrangements have dis- has pluses and minuses. Banks and financial institu- tinct advantages including known fixed cost and lack tions have been considered the major source of of risks. By fixing residual value up-front, the lease-purchase funds. They can offer competitive lessor assumes risk of resale at lease end. This rates, but they are generally conservative, often value will often exceed the surplus value obtainable considering only full pay-out lease-purchases and by an agency, thus reducing life-cycle cost. In avoiding the more aggressive closed-end or open-end addition, payments are generally lower than for other arrangements. These institutions typically offer few lease-purchase arrangements because only part of services, providing no help in equipment selection, capital cost is amortized over the lease term. In acquisition, and disposal. effect, only the portion of equipment life actually Leasing companies are geared to provide ser- used is purchased and paid for. Equipment is usually vice. Not only can they supply financing, but they returned to the lessor at lease end, helping foster a can help with selection, acquisition, disposal, sound equipment-replacement program. engineering and specification services, repairs, main- Open-end lease-purchase differs from dosed- tenance management, fuel management, and other end primarily in the residual risk factor. In the services. National companies have access to major open-end arrangement, the lessee is responsible for financial markets and can offer very competitive recovery of residual value at lease end. Generally, rates. Some firms have influence with equipment this means that lessees either buy the equipment at manufacturers, enabling them to obtain discounts and stated residual value or liquidate it. Lessees retain incentives. any profit over the residual value after liquidation; Manufacturers themselves should not be over- however, any loss must be made up by the lessee. looked as sources of lease-purchase financing. While The main advantage of open-end lease-purchase their finance rates may not be as low as those from is that it usually results in an even lower payment other sources, residual values tend to be higher than for dosed-end because the lessor is subject to which may offset the rate difference. Major draw- a lower risk factor. However, some lessors set back of this source is linking of lease-purchase to unrealistically high residual values to offer lower the manufacturer's make of equipment. payments. Lessees then face large potential losses at Securities firms are a relatively new source of lease end. Most public agencies are unwilling to financing. These firms often have funding sources in accept the risk associated with residual liability but major tax-exempt markets. Most of these companies in some cases, the lower rates may outweigh poten- have experienced legal counsel and have established tial liability. good working relationships with governments. Like All forms of lease-purchase have a great deal banks and financial institutions, their major flaw is of flexibility. Terms, payments, rates, and other their concentration on financing lease-purchases services are negotiable. As a general rule, terms when other services may be required. should exceed one year and be limited to expected Selecting a lease-purchase program can be useful life of equipment. Finance rates will be accomplished in many different ways. Approaches affected by term length; longer terms generally carry vary from the piecemeal concept of competitively higher interest rates. Lease-purchase is most bidding each item or group of equipment with feasible economically at a three- to five-year term. separate bidding for financing to comprehensive Terms should be at the lowest finance rate most multi-year packages combining equipment acquisition, closely matching equipment life-cycle. financing, disposal, and other services. Individual Payments may be negotiated on a monthly, bids are most appropriate when single items or small quarterly, or annual schedule and may be paid in dollar values are involved. Comprehensive requests advance or arrears. Finance rates can be fixed at for proposals can be useful when lessees wish to time of contract or delivery, or may float throughout acquire and finance a large group of different items. the 'term of the agreement Although they may be By combining all equipment into one package, a offered at considerable discounts, floating rates carry better finance rate can be obtained. In-house significant risks. Fixed rates, while relatively administration is simplified as only one contract is higher, offer stable cost factors. An important required. Also, specific makes of equipment can be factor in both types of rates is the index to which required. Requests for proposals allow wide ranges rates are fixed. Lessees should be sure than an of options to be presented, but evaluation standards index tradcs closely with the real cost of tax-exempt must be constructed carefully to ensure that differ- financing sources. ing proposals are evaluated objectively. Lease-purchase funds come from four places— banks and financial institutions, leasing companies, From APWA Reporter, June 1988.

5 away from roadway and/or taper down to a MAINTENANCE TIPS buried end. Bridge approach guard rail should be affixed to the bridge railing with no gaps. GUARD RAIL REPAIR MI guard rails should be offset from rigid posts by wooden 6x6 blocks. Guard rail repair is required when the guard rail is damaged by accident, vandalism, or normal deterioration. Damaged guard rail, with bent or SIGN REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT broken sections, prevents the rail from providing its intended purpose and can lead to additional rail Damaged signs are a severe hazard to motorists. deterioration. They prevent adequate traffic control and do not provide motorists with advisory warning of roadway Guard rail is normally damaged during vehicular alignment accidents. The damage can be found at any location where guard rail exists. Traffic signs may be damaged by accident, vandalism, or normal deterioration. The most com- Guard rail is placed in locations to decrease mon cause is vandalism, and signs damaged in this accident hazards, and any section that does not way are normally located on roads that have light perform this function constitutes a hazard to traffic. motorists. Guard rail that is bent or broken is unsightly and may further deteriorate, resulting in Sign repair or replacement is required when increased maintenance costs. signs are damaged to an extent that they are no longer visible or legible to the motorist Crew required for guard rail repair. Crew required for sign replacement or repair: Equipment operator 1 Laborers 3 Laborers 2 Flagmen 2 Equipment required: 6 Stake truck Equipment required: 1 Post driver 1 Stake truck 1 Hand tools Post driver or auger 1 Material required: Material required: Signs Sign posts Guard rail section Guard rail post Paint Guard rail blocks Daily production per crew: Daily production per crew: 7-10 signs 60-100 linear feet Repair procedures: Repair procedure: 1. Place warning signs and safety devices for 1. Place warning signs and other safety devices motorists' and crew protection. for motorists' and crew protection. 2. Note signs requiring replacement. 2. Remove damaged parts and straighten when possible. 3. Replace signs which are difficult to read. 3. Realign loose posts and recompact. 4. Straighten or replace bent posts. Paint as required. 4. Install new posts as required. 5. Remove warning signs and safety devices. 5. install new rail. AU repairs should be made to latest standards. Guard rail ends should turn 6 LOCAL ROADS: PUBUC SUPPORT Commissioners in Spokane, Washington, abandoned AND LOCAL $$ ARE CRMCAL the county pavement program in 1980. The county TO SUCCESS successfully encouraged the use of special assess- ment districts, which now pay for most road paving projects. 'There were a lot of objections initially Who pays for local roads in the United States? from groups who felt that they had been 'promised' In the wake of declining federal funds, municipal a paved road," recalls Verril Smale of the county officials are turning to their own residents to engineering office. 'But the policy his paid off. finance nearly 3 million miles of city streets, county Special assessments have paid for nearly $20 million highways, and township roads. According to the in improvements. Federal Highway Administration, local taxes and user in ►ovetive Mem:kw It's not a typical local fees paid for nearly two-thirds of all improvements road, but the eastern half of a proposed beltway in 1986. State contributions amounted to 18%, and around Denver is being financed through a unique bond revenue provided another 13%. The federal combination of bond revenue, local taxes, and impact share is only 4%, down from 8% in 1979. fees. While the highway was proposed as early as 1958, it was never built. By the mid-1970s, traffic As public agencies struggle to balance their congestion threatened to overwhelm the eastern budgets, street maintenance often is one of the first metropolitan region.. programs targeted for cutback. in the face of After more than a decade of public debate; the competing demands and a limited budget, how can City of Aurora and three surrounding counties transportation officials convince their communities formed an authority to fund, build, and operate the that roads are critical? The issue was on the 50-mile highway. The intergovernmental agreement agenda of the 1987 National Symposium on Local also features substantial involvement by the private Roads, where representatives of 16 state and local sector. Area developers will be required to pay agencies reported on their successes. The meeting impact fees and dedicate nearly two-thirds of the was sponsored by America Runs on Local Roads, a right-of-way. Maintenance and bond payments will coalition of organizations ranging from APWA to the be funded by tolls, a motor vehicle surcharge, and an National Association of Mail Carriers. areawide sales tax. Construction is expected to start Here's a brief sample of some approaches later this year after everyone signs off the financing reported at the symposium: plan. Grassroots involvement The car population of The Colorado approach may become a model, Anchorage, Alaska, has doubled since 1980, triggering predicts John Arnold, executive director of the E-470 a flood of complaints from irate citizens about Authority. 'We think that the financing mechanism speeding and pass-through traffic in residential areas. may be the fairest ever devised to fund a major But public works officials discovered their strongest highway project." allies after starting a neighborhood traffic manage- ment program three years ago. Under the program, the city's traffic engineers From Transportation, APWA, 1st Otr., 1988. actively seek out community councils in areas with obvious traffic problems. The first step in the three-month targeted process is a community meet- ing, where residents express their concerns and propose solutions. After conducting a traffic study, city staff present a detailed report and several options at a second public meeting. Neighborhood representatives are asked to select the approach that best suits their needs. 'AN of the recommendations emerging from the community councils have made sense form an engineering viewpoint," says municipal traffic engineer Frank Tecca. 'There's a general tendency among traffic engineers to regard citizens' groups as being too emotional. But ff you present the facts dearly, most people quickly grasp the basic prin- ciples. We spent a lot of money on graphics and map overlays for the neighborhood meetings." couregrc Faced with 1,500 miles of gravel roads and not enough money, the Board of

7 IMPROVED CENTERLINES defects such :as 'alligator cracking' (to be described MEAN SAFETY later). Potholes are usually caused by a combination of weaknesses in the pavement, such as too little Georgia's Department of Transportation asphalt, poor drainage, and traffic, thus requiring improved safety by establishing a centralized office deep pavement patching. to manage centerline marking for the entire state. ' Rutting' is the longitudinal depressions that Jerry Gossett, Chief of Maintenance Activities, heads form in the wheel paths and have a minimum length the 150-member unit, which also maintains some of about 20 feet. Ruts can be caused by lateral statewide pavement rehabilitation operations. A sign traffic movement or by displacement in the asphalt shop which manufacturers official state highway signs surface layer. Ruts should be filled with hot plant- is also part of the operation. mixed materials to restore a proper cross section, Two seven-man crews in the centerline group then covered with a thin overlay. install pavement markers and two crews place strip- Consisting of alternate, closely spaced valleys ing for more than 85% of the state's needs. Remain- and crests, 'corrugations" occur at regular intervals ing work is contracted. and are caused by a lack of stability in the asphalt Longevity of retro-reflectivity is a critical layers. Before resurfacing can take place, these factor in marking, Gossett says. About two years ripples need to be repaired. In the worst scenario, ago, a prototype of a new marker was brought to shallow corrugations can be removed with a pavement Georgia for evaluation. planing machine, -better known as a "heater-planer," The markers' initial retro-reflectivity readings followed by a seal coat or overlay. were 4.5 to 5.5 for 0.2-degrees observation angle, Usually requiring a seal coat, 'raveling' is the 0-degree entrance angle. These 948 Sun Country progressive disintegration from the surface downward Markers were first placed on 1-75, using bituminous or the edges inward from the dislodging of particles. adhesive. This defect is usually caused by improper compaction After a year, a few markers were taken up and during construction, construction during wet or cold tested for reflectivity. REadings were about 1.5, weather, too little asphalt in the mix, or overheating compared to 0.1 for conventional plastic markers that of the asphalt mix. had been in use for a year. When asphalt layers are unstable, traffic can After a year and a half, the markers are still cause a lateral displacement of the paving material looking good,' Gossett says. that results in a bulging of the surface, known as Because of test results, Georgia plans to use 'shoving.' Maintenance of this flaw requires remov- the markers in metropolitan areas to aid motorists in ing the affected area, followed by deep patching. wet night conditions, and to help clarify lane deline- ' Faulting' is a vertical drop of the pavement ation. In the first phase of this work, about 150,000 slabs adjacent to a joint or a crack. In the case of markers were installed on the highway system. longitudinal joint faulting, settlement is generally The markers rise 0.5 in. above the pavement, confined to the lane receiving the heavier traffic. above any water accumulation during rain, providing When transverse joint or crack faulting is present, reflectivity—even on a wet night. the impact from axle loads generally causes settle- ment of the downstream slab. 'Deficient drainage' can be a surface and a From Better Roads, May 1988. subsurface problem. Proper surface drainage effi- ciently removes runoff from the pavement and the nearby ground. Standing water on the pavement or in the side ditches indicates surface drainage A DICTIONARY ON PAVEMENT deficiency. Proper subsurface drainage keeps MAINTENANCE PROBLEMS groundwater away from the pavement surface. Two indicators of deficient subsurface drainage are, in It is essential to understand the cause of a the absence of precipitation, water in a side ditch or pavement defect before an attempt is made to alligator cracking with moisture in the cracks. remedy it. Like any other professional field, pave- ' Pumping' is the ejection of water and/or ment maintenance has its own terminology. The subbase material along the pavement joints, cracks, following explanations of common maintenance and edges caused by the force of heavy axle loads problems should help in selecting the appropriate on the pavement slab. Pumping can be detected by treatment of the defect, thereby reducing the chance stains on the pavement surface adjacent to the joint, of the problem reoccurring. crack, or edge, and/or by the deposit of fine The best known of the pavement imperfections, material adjacent to the pavement. 'pot holes,' are bowl-shaped holes in the pavement, Caused by naturally smooth uncrushed gravel often the result of progressive deterioration of other and crushed rock that wears down quickly under

8 traffic, `polished aggregate" refers to the aggregates CHEMICAL SYSTEM PUTS in the pavement surface that have ben polished HYDRATION ON HOLD FOR HOURS smooth. To combat this problem, cover the surface OR EVEN DAYS with a skid-resistant treatment. 'Excess asphalt' (or 'bleeding') is the free ELIMINATES WASHWATER WASTE AND PERMITS asphalt on the pavement's surface caused by too RECYCLING OF RETURNED CONCRETE much asphalt in one area. In many cases, bleeding can be corrected by repeated applications of hot A new system for recycling returned ready sand or hot rock screenings to blot up the excess mixed concrete got John Will's attention immediately. asphalt. Sometimes, when bleeding is light, a plant- The owner of Coast Rock Concrete Products was mixed surface treatment or an aggregate seal coat, close to buying a mechanical recycling and reclaiming using absorptive aggregate, is the only treatment unit. But he wasn't eager to make the initial required. In rare instances of heavily over-asphalted investment In capital equipment or to pay for the surfaces, the surfaces should be completely removed. expected equipment maintenance. That's why the 'Shrinkage crackle are interconnected cracks new system looked good. There was little upfront forming a series of large polygons, usually have cost and most of the operating costs were sharp angles at the comers. These defects are recoverable. caused by volume change in the asphalt mix or in The chemical system permits him to hold the base or subgrade. To correct this problem, fill returned concrete in a truck overnight, then use it the cracks with asphalt emulsion slurry followed by a as a component of the next day's production. The surface treatment, or a slurry seal over the entire system also solved another problem—disposing of surface. truck washout water. He now needs less washwater 'Transverse cracks' occur at approximately right and saves what he uses for reuse in concrete. Both angles to the pavement centerline. This frequently recycling concrete and reusing washwater are is caused by movement in the pavement beneath the achieved by using chemicals that alter cement setting asphalt layer (reflection cracking). Stress induced by behavior. low-temperature contraction of the pavement also causes this type of cracking. Transverse cracks STOPPING, THEN RESTARTING CEMENT should be filled with asphalt emulsion slurry, HYDRATION followed by a seal coat or overlay over the entire surface. The two-component chemical system controls 'Longftudinal cracks' follow a course approxi- cement hydration first with a stabilizer, then an mately parallel to the centerline. Although usually activator. The stabilizer stops hydration by forming the result of a weak joint between paving lanes, a protective barrier around cementitious particles. these cracks can also be caused by earth movements, The barrier prevents portland cement, fly ash, and particularly on embankments. Two closely spaced granulated slag from achieving initial set. longitudinal cracks in a wheel path usually indicate To work properly, the stabilizer must be bending stress induced by rutting. Longitudinal thoroughly mixed with concrete returned from the cracks can also occur from movement in the pave- day's operations. The driver adds enough water to ment beneath the asphalt layer (reflection cracking). bring concrete remaining in the truck to a 6- to 'Alligator cracks' are interconnected cracks 8-inch slump after several minutes of high-speed forming a series of small polygons, a pattern mixing. He notes the amount of water added. Then resembling an alligator's skin. Requiring deep patch- he sprays the surface of the concrete with a ing, these cracks are caused by excessive deflection measured dose of stabilizer and mixes for 5 to of the surface over unstable subgrade or lower 7 minutes. After parking the truck, he covers the courses of the pavement. A saturated granular base charging hopper opening with plastic. The concrete or subgrade is usually the culprit creating the remains unhardened overnight or, with a larger unstable support. stabilizer dose, over a weekend. Although not complete, the preceding terms and When it's time to use the stabilized concrete, explanations should be helpful in understanding road the driver remixes for a few minutes, sprays a surface difficulties. measured amount of activator on the concrete sur- face, and mixes for several minutes more. Additional new concrete is then batched into the truck. From KUTC Newsletter, The University of The volume of newly batched concrete must be Kansas Transportation Center, Vol. 10, No. 1, at least twice the volume of holdover concrete. For February 1988. example, if there were 2 yards left in the truck, at least 4 yards would be added to it. The batch man

g holds back an amount of mixing water equal to the The amount of stabilizer needed to hold con- amount added to the holdover concrete when the crete for later use depends on several factors: stabilizer was added. This keeps the water-cement ratio and strength at the desired level. After - Amount of concrete returned several more minutes of mixing, the concrete is ready for dispatching. - Amount of cementitious material (inducting admixtures) WASHOUT WATER TREATMENT - Age of the concrete (hours since the initial mix Using the stabilizer for washout water water was added treatment saves up to 90% of the water normally used. Before switching to the chemical system for - Air and concrete temperature washout, Coast Rock used about 300 gallons of water to clean each truck drum. Disposing of this water - Duration of desired holding period without polluting was a problem. Now no water is wasted. Needed dosage increases with cement content, To wash out an 8- or 10-yard truck, the driver age of the concrete, and length of holding period. adds 30 to 60 gallons of water and 32 to 64 ounces It also increases if air temperature is greater than of stabilizer to the drum, mixing for several minutes. about 80°F. Cost of the chemicals usually makes When adding the water, he hoses down the exposed holding concrete too expensive for concrete older fin surfaces and reverses the drum until the solution than a couple of hours. Coast Rock uses older of stabilizer and washwater nearly discharges. This concrete to make precast concrete blocks used for cleans the backside of the fins. The next day, erosion control. stabilized washout water left in the truck is used as part of the mix water. GOOD RECORD ICEEPING ESSENTIAL When they first started trying the system for washout water treatment, Coast Rocks' Jim Soares The batch man must keep track of which trucks and Regis Brannigan weren't sure how effective it hold stabilized concrete and how much activator is would be. Initially they had drivers pull truck needed for each truck. He calculates activator hatches every couple of days to make sure there dosage when the stabilizer is added. This informa- wasn't a concrete buildup. The inspection interval, tion is recorded in a log that shows for each truck though, was gradually lengthened until now no further inspections are made. Weight and volume of returned concrete The standard dose of stabilizer keeps cement in the washout water from hardening for 24 hours. Original mix design and aggregate size Increasing the stabilizer dosage rate to 64 to 96 ounces per truck stabilizes washout water over a Admixtures present in the initial concrete weekend. Cement content of the original concrete STABILIZATION IMPROVES STRENGTH - Time at which the original concrete was Batches containing holdover concrete show a batched strength improvement over batches of normal con- crete. Tests at more than 15 sites where the system Temperature and slump of returned concrete has been used on a trial basis show strength gains ranging from 5% to 20%. The higher the percentage - Water added to returned concrete before adding of stabilized concrete, the higher the strength. stabilizer Concrete held over a weekend instead of just over- night gains even more strength. Ounces of stabilizer and time it was added Strength tests and other studies are made by a two-person team assigned by the chemical system Ounces of activator and time it was added manufacturer to each plant where the system is used. The team's first task is conducting time-of-set tests - Yards batched after activation on concrete made with local materials. After establishing typical setting times at different temper- Slump after activation and loading atures, the team determines needed stabilizer and activator dosage rates for differing conditions. Continued on page 12

10 The registration fee for the one-day wocicshop WORKSHOPS 850 per person. The fee should be made payable to the Department of Transportation and presented Soil Compaction Seminar on the day of the workshop. How to Design, Construct and Test Earth Fills The workshop will be presented in each of the October 20, 1988 seven DOT districts in the auditorium of, the district, Atlanta, Georgia office. The dates and locations are as follows:

This seminar is a comprehensive, one-day DATE , LOCATION seminar for contractors, engineers, architects, government officials, and technicians seriously September 13 District 4, Tifton interested In saving money by understanding sons. (912)386.3300 Participants will learn the correct techniques September 15 District 5, Jesup involved in designing, preparing, and testing soils for (912)427-9081 earthwork projects. September 20 District 3, Thomaston The course is practical, hands-on, and oriented (404)647-8921 to problem solving. Participants follow along, work- September 21 District 2, Tennille ing out solutions in a specially-written 80-page (912)552-7311 reference workbook September 27 District 1, Gainesville The registration fee for this seminar is $149 (404)532-5526 per attendee if you register at least one week prior September 28 District 7, Chamblee to the seminar. (Additional attendees from same (404)988-1011 firm, call for price information.) To register, or to September 29 District 6, Cartersville obtain further details, contact BENDER AND (404)382-3120 ASSOCIATES at 509/534-1426. Please register no later than one week prior to the date of the presentation that you wish to attend. Contact the Technology Transfer Center RIGHT-OF-WAY ACQUISMON (1-800-282-1275 or 404/894-2360) to register or if DECENT, SAFE, AND SANITARY you have further questions. HOUSING & BUSINESS MOVES

The Technology Transfer Center is sponsoring a ACKNOWLEDGEMENT one-day workshop which will cover two topics on Right-of-Way Acquisition: Decent, Safe, and Sanitary Housing and Business Moves. The courses are The Technology Transfer (T2) Program is a nation- designed for the new right-of-way agent and for the wide effort financed jointly by the Federal Highway experienced employee whose background has been gdministration and individual State Departments of limited to other right-of-way disciplines. Transportation. Its purpose is to translate into The first course will provide information on understandable terms the latest state-of-art tech- criteria for decent, safe, and sanitary housing. nologies in the areas of roads, bridges, and public Participants will examine Federal regulations along transportation, to local and county highway and with State/Local building, plumbing, electrical, transportation personnel. housing and occupancy codes to see how these codes conform to Federal regulations to provide decent, The T2 Center at Georgia Tech is sponsored by the safe and sanitary dwellings as required by Federal Georgia Department of Transportation and provides Law. information and counsel to more than 500 municipal- The purpose of the second course is to ities and counties in our state. This newsletter is encourage and promote the use of sound business designed to keep you informed about new publica- practices in administering the moves of businesses, tions, new techniques, and new training opportunities farms, and non-profit organizations. First, we will that may be helpful to you and your community. review the objectives of the Uniform Relocation Act Individuals wishing to receive future copies of this with regard to the range of benefits and services newsletter at no cost may send their requests to available, to assure that the displacee is treated fairly and equitably. Secondly, we will review the M. John Moskaluk monetary payments for moving businesses and how to Technology Transfer Center determine actual reasonable cost and documentation School of OW Engineering requirements. Georgia Tech Adanta, Georgia 30332 11 Continued from page 10 COST OF USPIG THE CHEMICAL SYSTEM

Keeping track of trucks holding stabilized Coast Rock Concrete produces about 70,000 concrete isn't hard because the hopper is covered cubic yards of concrete annually. Typically about 2 with a tarp. But Ws also important to know how to 3 yards or concrete are returned daily. Their much activator is needed for each of the tricks. records show that receipts from the sale of stabilized One man must be responsible for the needed record and reactivated concrete about balance costs of the keeping. chemicals used for both stabilization and washwater iVs important to accurately determine the treatment, There's an upfront cost of about $5,000 volume of returned concrete. Originally drivers were for dispensing equipment, much less than the cost of asked to estimate how much concrete was left in the reclaiming equipment and a slurry pit. trudc. Estimates were often imprecise and this Each producer's experience will determine costs caused problems in choosing the right dosage of of using the system. In hot climates higher needed stabilizer. Now trucks are weighted to determine dosage rates drive up costs. The moderate climate how much concrete is left. for Coast Rock's plant, however, allowed reducing Thick drivers have to be trained to properly recommended dosage rates and thus recovering add stabilizer and activator, spraying it directly on nearly all of the system costs. the concrete and not on the fins. They also need to use the right procedure for stabilizing washwater and making sure fins are rinsed by reversing the drum to From Concrete Construction, May 1988. back up washwater.

M. JOHN MOSKALUK TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER NON-PROFTT ORG. SCHOOL OF CIVL ENGINEERING U.S., POSTAGE GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PAID ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30332 PERMIT NO. 3023 ATLANTA, GA ECH TRANS

SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY UNIT OF THE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER VOL 6 NO. 4 FALL 1988

HOW TO DECIDE WHEN TO maintenance goals, and prioritizing road projects ac- PAVE A GRAVEL ROAD cording to budget constraints. 3) When Traffic Demands It. Two-thirds of the roadway system in the United Average daily traffic volumes, types of traffic and the States is unpaved or lightly surfaced. Most local roads functional importance of the road all need to be con- are not designed or engineered like state or interstate sidered when faced with the question of whether or not highways. As local roads were improved over the years, to pave. Gravel roads with traffic volumes over 70-100 little improvement to the foundation was made before vehicles per day become candidates for stabilization, the road was sealed or paved. dust repressants and surfacing. Many of these roads now have continual main- tenance problems because of inadequate sub-base, poor 4) After Standards Have Been Adopted. alignment and drainage problems. Also, many roads are Design and construction standards don't have to be now experiencing increasing weights and volumes of complex; just outline things such as right-of-way width, traffic. traveled way width, depth of base, drainage considera- Deciding to pave is a matter of tradeoffs. Paving tions, types of surfacing, etc. Maintenance standards helps to seal the road surface, protecting the base of include how often new gravel should be applied to a subgrade. it is less dusty, gives a smoother driving gravel road, how many times a year roads are to be surface and can accommodate many types of vehicles. graded, how often and where calcium chloride or other Gravel roads have lower construction costs, and often road stabilizers should be applied, what the plan is for lower maintenance costs. They are easier to maintain checking road signs, cleaning ditches, striping, etc. and require less equipment. Potholes can be patched more effectively. 5) After Considering Safety and Design. 'Should we pave this gravel road?' There are 10 Roads must be designed to provide safe travel for parts to this question, and all need to be considered the expected volume at the design speed. To do this, a before a decision is made. number of physical features must be considered: sight distance, alignment, lane width, design speed, surface 1) When the Town or County Is Committed to friction and superelevation. It makes no sense to pave Excellence. a gravel road which is poorly designed and hazardous. This commitment means long-range planning, using good management techniques, and taking advantage of 6) After the Base and Drainage are improved. available training. ft means taking the time to do things Build up the road base and improve drainage before right the first time and constructing projects to last This paving. If the foundation fails, the pavement fails. If helps to make better decisions, saves money in the long water is not drained away from the road, the pavement run, and results in a better overall road system. falls.

2) After Developing a Road Management System. 7) After Determining the Costs of Road Prepa- This system is a common-sense approach to ration. scheduling and budgeting for the road maintenance Road preparation costs are the costs Cl construction work. It consists of surveying the mileage and condition before paving actually takes place. Costs will vary of the roads, establishing short-term and long-term (continued on page 5

Interstate highways may have had an impact on the THE 'TOP TEN HITS": 1987 traffic-death toll. MOST COMMON DRIVING ERRORS A 66 year old person driving at night needs 4 times the light for good vision as he or she needed at age 39. Human error accounts for a definite ninety-three Night vision requirements need careful consideration percent of all traffic accidents. The National Safety when designing highway markings, signage, and other Council has developed a pamphlet with the ten most safety features. The 65 and over age group is growing common driving error& Below is the list, in order of by half a million persons each year; and the fastest frequency: growing age group in the country is 75 and over. One of the best night driving aids for all drivers and especially o Improper lookout (for example, pulling into a for older drivers is wider edgelines. Increasing edgelines street from an intersecting street or driveway from 4 inches to 8 inches received praise from drivers without looking carefully for oncoming traffic). taking part in a study conducted for the American o Pulling out to pass without checking for traffic in Association of Retired Persons. The volunteers also the passing lane. gave high marks to reflectorized post delineators. o Pulling out of a parking space without looking back for oncoming cars. o Excessive speed. Some of the most common guardrail transitions have o inattention. failed crash tests according to FHWA Technical Advisory o Improper evasive action (no attempt to steer T 5040.26. The two common elements of the failed around an impending crash or an attempt to systems are: 1) vehicles snagging on a vertical concrete steer that was unsuccessful because brakes face of the toe of a concrete safety shape barrier, and were slammed and the front wheels locked). 2) inadequate guardrail stiffening allowing excessive o Internal distraction. guardrail deflection, resulting in snagging or poor o Inadequate defensive driving techniques. redirection of vehicle. o Unjustified assumption (for example, when turning across two lanes of oncoming traffic, The advisory states that "Almost all existing W-beam assuming there is no traffic coming in one lane guardrail systems that connect directly to a bridge rail when a driver makes way for you in the other, or without blockouts or a rubrail near the bridge connection assuming another driver will stop or yield even should be considered unsatisfactory..." Suggestions for though he doesn't have a sign). stiffening transitions are also contained in the advisory. o Improper maneuvering (driving the wrong way on a one way street or turning from the wrong lane) and over-compensation (accelerating or Federal Highway Administration has released several braking too fast or turning too quicidy). technical summaries. Topics include traffic-conflict techniques for safety analysis, speed control through (From 'Kansas TRANS Reporter,' July 1988) work zones, evaluation of equipment for measuring voids under pavement, traffic forecasting for pavement design, driver response to selected lane and road-closure barricades, minimizing signal maintenance, quantifying NEWS BRIEFS urban freeway congestion, and analysis of drying methods for calcium-magnesium acetate solution. To Robert E. Farris was unanimously confirmed on June 6, learn more, contact William Zaccaenino at 703/285-2104. 1988 as the new Federal Highway Administrator. Farris ***************************** has been acting administrator since the retirement of Ray Barnhart in December 1987. AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENT STATISTICS Lowell B. Jackson, formerly executive director of the • GEORGIA, 1987 Colorado DOT, has been appointed as deputy adminis- trator of FHWA 1,604 Automobile fatalities 61 Motorcycle fatalities 217 Pedestrian fatalities U.S. traffic deaths increased from 48,300 in 1986 to 518 DUI related fatalities 48,800 in 1987 according to the National Safety Council. Although complete data is not yet available, the Council 227,201 Accidents says that raising the speed limit to 65 mph on rural 94,941 Injuries

2 WORKSHOP!!! Contact the Technology Transfer Center (1-800-282-1275 or 404/894-2360) to register or if you RIGHT-OF-WAY ACQUISITION: have further questions.

BUSINESS MOVES NEW PUBLICATION AVAILABLE: and DECENT, SAFE, AND RETROREFLECTMTY OF ROADWAY SIGNS SANITARY HOUSING FOR ADEQUATE VISIBIUTY

The Technology Transfer Center is sponsoring FHWA has just published an excellent guide on a one-day workshop which will cover two topics on reflectivity and visibility of roadway signs. The document Right-of-Way Acquisition: Business Moves and Decent, titled 'Retroreflectivity of Roadway Signs for Adequate Safe, and Sanitary Housing. The courses are designed Visibility: A Guide," provides an excellent primer on all for the new right-of-way agent and for the experienced aspects of highway signs. It is a good reference docu- employee whose background has been limited to other ment that should be In the hands of all manufacturers, right-of-way disciplines. installers, and users of highway signs.

The purpose of the first course is to encourage The manual Interprets and explains the specifica- and promote the use of sound business practices in tions and test procedures dealing with retroreflective administering the moves of businesses, farms, and non- sheeting and related matters and provides good gui- profit organizations. The second course will provide dance for the selection, fabrication, and maintenance of information on criteria for decent, safe, and sanitary signs. housing. FHWA has a limited number of copies and anyone The registration fee for the one-day workshop wishing to receive one may contact Phil Russell at is $50 per person. The fee should be made payable to FHWA's Office of Traffic Operations, phone (202) 366- the Department of Transportation and presented on the 0411. The document is also available from the National day of the workshop. Technical Information Service, Springfield, Virginia 22161.

The workshop will be presented in each of the seven DOT districts in the auditorium of the district office. The dates and locations are as follows: DATE LACATION GEORGIA TECH October 12 District 4, Tifton (912)386-3300 October 13 District 5, Jesup TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER (912)427-9081 October 19 District 2, Tennilie SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING (912)552-7311 October 20 District 3, Thomaston /MANTA, GEORGIA 30332 (404)647-8921 October 25 District 1, Gainesville (404)532-5526 (404) 8942360 October 26 District 7, Chamblee (404)966-1011 October 27 District 6, Cartersville 1-800-282-1275 (404)382-3120

* These dates differ from those given In the summer DIRECTOR—M. JOHN AfOSKALUK edition of Tech Trans. Please note that these are the correct dates. EDITOR—MARTY MILLINER Please register no later than one week prior to the date of the presentation that you wish to attend.

3 MAINTENANCE TIPS

DEEP PATCHING WITH PREMIX Repair procedure: 1. Place signs and other safety devices. Asphalt cracks occur for different reasons and in 2. Break out and remove old pavement. Cut vertical different forms. The maintenance of each crack de- edges 6 inches outside the distressed area on all pends on the crack type and cause of occurrence. sides. Make cuts square with roadway centerline. Deep patching with premix Is used to repair alligator and 3. Install underdrains if required. slippage cracks and severe potholes. 4. Recompact base material and replace unsuitable material. Alligator cracks are numerous and short in 5. Apply light even tack coat of heated asphalt to length, forming small blocks which resemble the skin of the vertical sides of the area. an alligator. They are caused by a relatively stiff pave- 6. Place hot premix into area using a motor grader ment which is excessively deflected. The most common or by hand and spread material in layers not cause of this failure is a spongy subgrade of unstable exceeding 3 inches. Roll each layer before base material resulting from saturation of the base. applying another layer. Initially, alligator cracking is not critical, but it will deterio- 7. Compact the surface with a portable roller. rate rapidly under traffic into other types of deficiencies 8. Check the surfaces with a straight edge to assure such as potholes. it Is level and flush with the adjacent surface. 9. Clean up area and remove signs. Slippage cracks are crescent (half-moon) cracks in the direction of traffic flow with the two ends pointing away from the direction of flow. They are caused by the SPOT PATCHING WITH PREMIX asphalt concrete surfacing sliding on the underlying surface due to the lack of a tack coat. They may also Spot patching with premix is commonly used to occur when the pavement is deflected excessively due repair potholes which are caused by poor design or to the braking of heavy vehides. For failures resulting construction practices such as too thin an asphalt from lack of bond, the correct repair method is spot surface, poor drainage or inadequate base. During bad patching with premix. When failure is caused by exces- weather, temporary repairs can be made to eliminate the sive deflection, deep patching with premix is a good potholes. This involves cleaning out the hole a nd filling solution. it with premixed patching materials. However, as soon as possible permanent repairs should be made by spot Crew required: patching with premix. - Equipment operators 2 Crew required: - Truck drivers 2 - Laborer 1 - Truck driver 1 - Flagmen 2 2 7 - Laborers - Flagmen 2 Equipment required: Equipment required: - Dump tricks 2 - Dump truck - Portable roller 1 - Portable roller or vibrating - Motor grader 1 tamper - Asphalt kettle 1 - Asphalt kettle - Gradail or front end loader 1 - Concrete saw or air compressor - Concrete saw or air compressor 1 Material required: Material required: - Hot asphalt concrete - Hot premix asphalt concrete - Liquid asphalt tack coat - Liquid asphalt tack coat - Base material (if required) (continued on page 5) - Underdrain pipe (If required)

4 as chip sealing every five to seven years. At this point, EDITOR'S NOTE a town or county can begin to compare costs between the two types of roads. It should be noted that some What you have all been waiting for is finally local governments have had to turn their asphalt roads here—on-site workshops! The Technology Transfer back Into gravel roads due to high maintenance costs. Center Is up and running with three new one-half day presentations: 9) After Comparing User Costs. There is a significant different in the cost to the `Operator Daily Maintenance of Equipment" user between driving on a gravel surface and on a paved `Repair and Resurfacing Pavements" surface. Therefore, user costs need to be considered in 'Maintenance and Repair of Bridges and Ditches.' the pave/not pave decision. Vehicles cost more to operate on a gravel surface. The roughness of the The purpose of these workshops Is to make the surface adds to fuel cost, tire wear, and maintenance expertise and materials available from the Technology and repair expenses. Dust causes extra engine wear, oil Transfer Center more accessible to you and your crew. consumption and maintenance costs. More of your personnel can have the benefit of the training provided by the Center, since the man-hours lost 10) After Weighing Public Opinion. in travelling to workshop locations will be eliminated. Public opinion needs to be considered, but only after the public has been made aware of the other You can request for any or all of the workshops important factors concerning the decision to pave. to be presented in your shop or office. Video presenta- Another approach to consider is "stage construc- tions will be accompanied by manuals, which will tion design.' A design is prepared for the completed provide basic, step-by-step instructions. The presenta- road, from base and drainage to completed paving. The tions average approximately three hours in length, so construction is then spread out over three to five years. your crew would be off the job for only one-half day. This not only makes the cost more manageable, but also The acquisition of Invaluable training will more than helps show weak spots in the base before paving is compensate for their time. done. Carefully considering these 10 points will help to Please contact the Technology Transfer Center assure towns and counties that they are making the right W you are interested In having one or more of the work- decision about paving a gravel road. shops presented in your area. (Reprinted from RTAP Quarterly Newsletter, Montana State Univ., December 1987) Also, please remember the on-going services offered by the Technology Transfer Center. Traffic data ************************* collection equipment is available for use by your agency ************************* at no charge to you. The equipment has been serviced and is waiting to be used. (continued from page 4) We continue to maintain a library of video tapes and technical publications, which we will be more than Repair procedure: happy to let you borrow. Just give us a call. ************************* , 1. Place signs and other safety control devices. ************************* 2. Cut a neat vertical edge with saw or jackhammer, 4-6 inches outside the distressed area on all sides. Make cuts square with roadway dimensions. 3. Clean hole of debris and as much water as (continued from page 4) possible. Heat with torch if necessary. 4. Apply tack coat to the vertical sides and bottom greatly from project to project depending on topo- of the hole. The heated asphalt should be light graphy, types of soils, availability of good gravel, traffic and uniform. demands and other factors. 5. Place hot asphalt concrete premix into the hole to be patched. Premix should be placed in layers 8) After Comparing Pavement Costs, Pave- not exceeding 3 inches and compacted before ment Lite, and Maintenance Costs. applying another layer. The next financial consideration is to compare 6. Roll the surface with a portable roller or a vibrating maintenance costs of a paved road to maintenance tamper. costs of a grave( road. To make a realistic comparison, 7. Check the surface with a straight edge to assure we must estimate the years of pavement lie and the it is level and flush with the adjacent surface. actual cost of paving, along with the lie cycle costs such 8. Clean up area and remove signs.

5 WARNING SIGNS SHOULD KEEP FROM LITTLE WEEDS THEIR DISTANCE GROW LARGE LAWSUITS

by R.L Carstens, P.E., Consulting Engineer A single vehicle accident on a county gravel road in July 1979 resulted in fatal injuries to a passenger in Each of the last three editions of the Manual of the small pickup truck involved. The vehicle overturned Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) has included in the roadway when the driver swerved to avoid an a statement to the effect that, in rural areas, warning automobile entering the roadway from a farm driveway. signs should normally be placed about 750 feet in advance of hazardous conditions. On high-speed roads, The entering vehicle reportedly had stopped with particularly freeways, advance warning distances should its front near the edge of the traveled portion of the be at least 1,500 feet, whereas on low-speed roads, as roadway. This position was necessary because of sight in urban areas, the advance warning distance need only restrictions resulting from the presence in the right-of- be 250 feet. way of large trees in the farmstead's windbreak. In the resulting lawsuit, the county contributed a five-figure This has properly been interpreted to permit the amount to the settlement, which was reached without a placement of warning signs at varying distances in trial. advance of potential hazards depending on the road profile and other factors affecting the sign's visibility. A two-vehicle collision in July 1981 occurred when However, when accidents lead to lawsuits, plaintiff's a westbound small pickup truck failed to yield to a stop lawyers and the 'experts' have tended to suggest that sign and was struck broadside by a southbound vehicle. the 750-foot and 250-foot distances are precise and The passenger in the pickup was injured and initiated a inviolate. lawsuit against the county involved. Witnesses for both sides agreed that weeds and grasses growing in the Some examples of cases in which the placement right-of-way in the northeast quadrant obscured the view of a warning sign became a matter of issue in a lawsuit of a westbound driver unless a vehicle was stopped so are: a railroad advance warning sign at 511 feet on a that it encroached slightly on the traveled portion of the paved road, a T-intersection sign at 605 feet on a county north-south gravel road. This case settled without a trial, gravel road, a reverse-turn sign at 350 feet on a paved and the county contributed a five-figure amount to the county road in a suburban location, a curve sign at 233 award. feet on an oiled county road, a stop-ahead sign at 1,302 feet on a state primary highway, and a stop-ahead sign A collision occurred on an oiled county road in at 1,676 feet from the intersection on a paved county August 1963, when a southbound automobile collided road. with a northbound moped. The 14-year old moped operator was fatally injured. His parents sued the In the latter case, the location of the stop-ahead county involved, alleging that sight distance was insuffi- sign probably was given considerable weight by a jury, cient on the curve where the accident occurred due to so that it returned a very large judgement against the weeds and brush in the right-of-way. After the plaintiffs county for their negligence. The primary highway sign declined to accept a pretrial offer of settlement in five at 1,302 feet led a plaintiffs 'expert to state, If motorists figures, a jury trial found that the county had not been are given advance warning too far ahead, then it is negligent. difficult for them as motorists to retain that information and to relate it to the hazard that is being warned In each of these cases, the common factor was about.' the presence In the highway right-of-way of vegetative growth that was alleged to have contributed to the However, in a recent change to the MUTCD, accident. Most counties have adopted policies that minimum warning sign placement distances are specified substantially limit spraying, mowing, or cutting to control and vary with the posted or the 85th percentile speed. weeds and brush. Although these policies have been Although it is too early to judge the result of this change, adopted in the Interest of economy, they have received it is certain that those responsible for the placement of widespread support for their scenic enhancement and warning signs must be more attentive to the minimum wildlife preservation. While these environmental objec- distances prescribed for the placement of warning signs tives are laudable, counties should be alert to the and also to the maximum distance where the motorist possible need for spot control of vegetation at locations will retain the sign's message. where the motoring public's safety would otherwise be seriously compromised. (From Iowa Technology MEOWS, lows State University) • (Reprinted from: Rural Technical Assistance News, Maine Department of Transportation/University of Maine, Spring 1987)

6 THICKER PAVEMENT HELPS REDUCE 7. The 4 In. minimum provides sufficient thickness CHANCE OF POTHOLES for recycling by milling. When milling 1 in. from a 2 1/2 In. surface to a 1 1/2 in. in depth, little stock is Through collaboration with other pavement en- left for construction traffic to travel on. gineers, an Interesting and significant performance observation came up. Once a pavement is 3 1/2 to 4 in. 8. Better overall pavement quality and density can thick it cannot pothole (in the strict classical sense of the be achieved by using more compactible layer thick- bowl shaped pothole that loses pavement and is deep- nesses. This leads to less embrittlement and greater ened and enlarged by traffic as the granular base is ero- retention of flexibility with time. ded). In accordance with the information and test results 9. Although 2 1/2 in. designs have been shown in reported by Martin Ekse, Volume 29, RAPT, 1960; W. tests to be sufficient, it should be noted that test Phang, Volume 50, AAPT, 1981; and WASHO. Test Road road data always reflects better performance than Report, Part 2, Test Data, Analysis, and Findings, nine actual practice. aspects of the 4 in. pavement design exist: When a 4 in. pavement is overloaded by traffic 1. Four in. minimum pavement has more strength and cracks, the pavement is thick enough to resist than AASHTO or other criteria Indicated by straight- disintegration into small pieces and to resist the type of line coefficient usage. 'flaking out' at the crack that occurs on thinner pave- ments. This is why you will rarely see overnight pothol- 2. Distress cracking in a pavement expands and ing occur on a pavement greater than 4 in. thick. If multiplies rapidly when pavements are thinner. The distress is occurring, it will be evident for several years cracking breaks the pavement into many small while remaining safe and serviceable. Only total neglect pieces. However, there is less fragmentation with 4 and lack of maintenance will cause it to eventually break inch-plus pavements. Also, rutting and waviness down Into surface ravelling. However, this surface which reflect base material stress and freeze/thaw ravelling or delimination only affects rideability and effects are virtually eliminated on 4 Inch-plus pave- appearance. It is tolerable from a safety and auto ments. damage point of view. Once weakened, pavement thicknesses 3. There is often a great deal of strain with a 2 1/2 less than 3 to 4 inches can break into pieces and inch design due to construction traffic in site-work or pothole very easily. This is because the pieces are small subdivisions. In these situations it is common for enough to be turned out by tire traffic. On thicker the design to have a 1 1/2 inch thickness carrying pavements (about 3 1/2 in. plus) the thick broken pieces all of the construction traffic for several years. This act like big paving blocks and are virtually impossible to initial layer gets easily overstressed and even be rotated out of the hole by traffic. In other words it cracked on the underside before It is topped with fails but remains safe for traffic. only an additional 1 inch wearing surface. On the Thin pavements are sometimes best other hand, with a 4 Inch design, a 2 1/2 inch layer restricted to liquid asphalt surface treatments that require carries construction traffic adequately. A final 1 1/2 frequent maintenance every few years. These asphalt inch layer provides a wearing and exceptionally surface treatments are only recommended for very low strong strengthening course, also providing much volume roads, particularly those that do not have more longevity to the pavement significant truck traffic. Such thin pavements must have excellent drainage and be diligently maintained through- 4. With a 4 inch design, pavement strength adjacent out their service life. to utility cuts and castings is more substantial. For a low maintenance permanent pavement, the thickness used by most all agencies is at least 3 in. The 5. Added strength acquired through the use of the Asphalt Institute has a firm policy of recommending a minimum 4 inch design provides a safety factor for minimum pavement thickness of 4 in. even for low traffic growth and occasional overload situations. volume roads. This is particularly helpful when an owner may not According to The Asphalt Institute, the minimum have control of the traffic volume, or the funds permanent pavement thickness when using asphalt hot available to strengthen the paimment._ mix is 4 in. The slab strength of a 4 kt4hick pavement Is substantially greater than that of a 2 in., 2 1/2 in., or 6. A minimum 4 inch design provides a pavement 3 in. pavement by many times: the load to provide a that will require surface maintenance only. Pave- 1/8 in. deformation on the base is only 400 pounds on ment treatments can be limited to individual crack a 2 in. pavement; 3,900 pounds on a 4 in. pavement sealing, liquid seals, and very thin overlays - thicker overlays are required only when traffic growth calls (Reprinted from Road Business, University of New for t Hampshire Technology Transfer Center, Vol. 2, No. 2;

7 HOW FEDERAL GUIDELINES adoption of geometric design criteria and/or procedures more appropriate to the scope and INCREASE LOCAL LIABILITY purpose of R.R.R. The action should provide more flexibility to meet state and local needs with a less by Robert L Morrison, P.E., P.S. cumbersome federal approval process. Hancock County, Ohio, Engineer and President of the National Association of This became effective in July of 1982. In the County Engineers background material for this ruling, the FHWA discussed the geometric design standards that were available, as Design guides are increasing local liability prob- quoted previously. They also addressed the geometric lems. They say a minister should start his sermon with design standards from AASHTO, as well as the ability of quotes from scripture. From the county point of view, the state to adopt their own geometric design standards. the first scripture reading is from the 1970 AASHTO To that end, It is stated: If a state is not interested in Geometric Design Guide for Local Roads and Streets. exercising Its option under this regulation, it can simply notify the FHWA of Its Intention to continue operating One of the early paragraphs states: The use of under geometric design criteria currently adopted for more liberal values than the minimums set out herein Is new construction and reconstruction. Standards recommended where It Is economically feasible. In the developed on a national level often provide for unifor- special cases of tight or unusual conditions, it may not mity at the expense of local needs and preferences. be practical to meet even these guide values. In all This Is particularly true with regard to R.R.R. work - what cases, every effort should be made to get the best works well in one part of the country, or even one area possible sight distance, and, above all, proper drainage of a state, may be totally unacceptable in another. that Is consistent with the terrain, the development (present and anticipated), and funds available. In 1982, the FHWA realized that the adopted design standards are not necessarily the answer to local Keep this though in mind, and note the words problems and offered the states a solution. funds available. It continues: Safety Is an Important factor In all roadway improvements. However, on low. Today's problems volume roads, It may not be possible to get the ob- In Ohio, we use the 1984 AASHTO green book - stacle-free roadsides that are desirable. Every effort A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets. should be made to provide as much clear roadside as Its probably one of the finest documents ever put is practical. The use of latter slopes, the use of guard- together by our peers. I wish I could afford to design to rail, and the judicious use of warning signs will help to it. achieve roadside safety. Utility poles should be kept close to the right-of-way line and in no case closer than I purchased the book, but that is all I could afford. the ditch line or well back of a curb. I would like to quote from the scripture again, from the forward of this book: It appears in this 1970 scripture reading that This publication is Intended to provide guidance funds and good engineering judgement were of prime In the design of new and major reconstruction projects. importance. It is not intended as a policy for resurfacing, restoration, or rehabilitation projects. In 1982, a report came out in the Federal register (Vol. 47, No. 112), dated Thursday, June 10. It AASHTO in Its wisdom in 1984 again reaffirmed dealt with R.R.R. design standards for highways. It its position, and said this is not the book we should be would like to quote from this scripture, beginning with using for R.R.R. Yet, in Ohio, It is the standard. the Genesis summary chapter. The FHWA is revising its regulations to provide a flexible approach to resurfacing, We cannot all be doing the same things the same restoration, and rehabilitation (R.R.R.) projects on way In every state, county, or township. It simply will • highways other than freeways. No single geometric not work. Somewhere along the line, if you talk about design criteria will be adopted for application nation- reasonable engineers designing projects, good engineer- wide. Instead, geometric design criteria and/or proce- ing judgement and funding has to be taken into con- dures will be adopted in each state to ensure that sideration. proposed projects meet federal policy objectives. Present regulations require that all federally funded In a study done In 1986, the Western Illinois highway Improvements meet geometric design criteria University looked at four states - including Ohio. It adopted for new construction, unless specific excep- found that 62.9% of all county roads have an ADT of 0 tions are granted. The primary purpose of R.R.R. Is to to 500. In my particular county, 7% of our county prolong and preserve the service life of existing facili- system is on the federal secondary system. If you ties; consequently, design criteria for new construction include the township system, for which the county en- we not particularly appropriate to most R.R.R. projects. gineer in Ohio has responsibility, that figure drops to This action is necessary to allow the development and

8 3%. Eighty percent of the 1,000 miles of county and It is difficult to sit in a witness chair and explain township roads in Hancock County - all of it hard why you didn't do anything on a roadway. Money or the surfaced - have right-of-ways 30- to 40-ft wide. These lack of it is not an excuse. are the realities of the local governmental level. In Ohio, we solved the money problem very Policies or Standards? simply. The legislature gave the county the right to For some reason, policies have a way of becom- piggy back an increase in license fees, but they also ing standards. The AASHTO report is a good example. gave the electorate the right of referendum. It is a policy. But, in Ohio, it is a standard. It has become the norm by which we are all judged whether Now, we are caught in a Catch 22 between a those standards really apply to our circumstances or standard that states you will do It this way,' and the not. realities of life when the electorate says, but we ain't gonna pay for it.' The Increase in liability cases is a good case in point. I would like to call your attention to a book that What do you do? You are still sitting in the same was published in 1985. It's called Killer Roads from witness chair with the same people screaming about the Crash to Verdict. Most county engineers live in terror of green book, the blue book, and the yellow book. They IL say, 'Why don't you do your job?" We reply we don't have the money to meet the standard. This book was written by attorneys for attorneys. it is a how-to-sue book. They say, You can afford to pay this guy $2 million damages, but you can't afford to fbc the problem." With respect to design standards. it states: Well, we can't afford to do either. Road design standards referred to in this book come in two basic categories; guidance systems and Some place along the line, the standards have to design standEuds. The guidance systems standards be personalized and humanized. That's the reason I like apply to all the information systems on the road. These the TRB Special Report 214. To me, it's humanized. Information systems usually consist of signs, painting on We can't continue to live with the hard and fast rules we the pavement, guardrails, reflectors, and similar addi- have in place now and survive - in or out of the court- tions to the basic ribbon of concrete. The engineering room. We won't make IL If others are going to set the criteria for those guidance systems are found in the policies and standards by which we are Judged, then it Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), follows they must also provide the funds to meet these which every state (and federal) highway department standards. updates and issues every few years. For transportation negligence cases dealing with defects in the guidance (From Better Roads, April 1988) systems of the road, such as broken warning signs or missing striping, recourse must be had to the issue of the relevant jurisdiction's MUTCD that was in effect at ACKNOWLEDGEMENT the time of the crash. The Technology Transfer (72) Program is a Road design standards deal with the actual nationwide effort financed jointly by the Federal Highway geometrics of the road, such as how long and sharp the Administration and Individual State Departments of horizontal curves can be, whether vertical curves should Transportation. its purpose is to translate into under- start within horizontal curves, and how many things the standable terms the latest state-of-the-art technologies road should be doing to the driver at the same time. in the areas of roads, bridges, and public transportation, The most definitive road design standards in the United to local highway and transportation personnel. States have, for several decades, been found in the red, The r Center at Georgia Tech is sponsored by blue, and yellow books issued by the American Associa- tion of State Highway Transportation Officials...For the Georgia Department of Transportation and provides crashes dealing with negligence in the design of a Information and counsel to more than 500 municipalities roadway, recourse must be had to the AASHTO design and counties In our state. This newsletter is designed standards in effect at that point in the past when (as to keep you informed about new publications, new defendants will argue) the road was designed and bulk techniques, and new training opportunities that may be or (as plaintiff's will argue) when the road should have helpful to you and your community. Individuals wishing been updated and improved, prior to the time the to receive future copies of this newsletter at no cost may plaintiff received his injuries. send their requests to: M. John Moskaluk Technology Transfer Center Note the words should ha The problem is that regardless of whether we have adopted School of Civil Engineering a standard or not. we are being measured by AASHTO Georgia Tech and FHWA policy. This is why we are being sued. Atlanta, Georgia 30332 9 DO IT RIGHT THE FIRST TIME the sides of the hole. Loose material will cause a poor AND GET RID OF POTHOLES bond and lead to early failure of the patch.

Many highway engineers agree that the usual 4. Tacking. A tack coat, which provides a bond techniques for pothole patching are little more than between old and new surfaces, should be used. Too exercises in futility. Nevertheless, those who use these much tack coat will result in an excess amount of procedures claim that more permanent repairs are not asphalt, which will lead to rutting and eventual failure of cost-effective because maintenance personnel must the patch. spend too much time preparing the hole, compacting Hot mix, as well as recycled mix or cold mix, the mix, etc. should always be tacked. The best method for tacking In terms of dollars spent, this is penny-wise but is to spray the tack in a thin coat. Brooming and pound foolish. If the pothole is not permanently patched pouring are generally not effective because excess tack the first time, more repair trips must be made. Each material usually accumulates at the bottom of the hole time the same pothole is patched, its expense increases. around the edges.

REPAIR PROCEDURE 5. Placing. Holes deeper than six inches should be flied and compacted in more than one layer. Placing There are seven basic steps to pothole patching. should be done with a shovel in one lift working from Some steps can be adjusted to the conditions that exist, one side of the patch to the other. To prevent segrega- but for the most part, all steps must be closely followed tion, the material should be laid, not thrown or raked, to have a long lasting patch. Into the hole. Of course, before the patching begins, make certain The patch should be made so that after final com- that this is the correct procedure. For example, in badly paction, It is slightly above the surrounding pavement deteriorated sections, a complete overlay may be (about 1 /8 in.) to allow possible future compaction by required. A primary concern should be the safety of the traffic and eliminate 'birdbaths" (depressions in the repair. roadway caused by traffic). No patching materials should be left on the surrounding surface. 1. Marketing. The area around the pothole must be marked with chalk or paint so the workman doing the 6. Compaction. It is crucial that the patch be cutting can easily and quickly remove the failed material. compacted properly. Poor compaction will cause Marking is done to include only portions of the shrinkage of the patch, allowing intrusion of water pavement that will provide a good surface against which around the edges and ultimate failure. The compaction the patch is to bond; these portions should have no method should match the size of the repair. A one cracks and appear solid compared to the area immedi- square foot patch does not require compaction with a 10 ately adjacent to the pothole. ton tandem steel-wheeled roller. Most road repairs can be made with small to med- 2. Cutting. The workman doing the cutting should ium sized vibrating plate or roller compactors. Care avoid cutting more than marked. Excess cutting should be taken by the operator to insure that the reduces material use. The walls of the hole should be made vertical to provide a good surface for adhesion and "locking' the patch in during compaction. Cutting should continue to a depth where good pavement or base material exists. If the pavement cut away is to be recycled, care should be taken to avoid Including base and subbase material to prevent con- tamination of the mbc. When cutting is complete the large chunks of pavement should be removed and stockpiled, if not used immediately, for future recycling.

3.gaistmil . This step includes removing any remaining debris from the hole. Compressed air works well for this. If the hole has been made down to the base or subbase, these materials, If disturbed, must be compacted so that compaction by traffic will not occur after the patch is In place. If the hole has water In it, the bonding of the patch MN be poor. The hole must be dried as much as possible by using compressed air, a torch, rags, broom, etc. It is very important that all debris be removed from

1 0 compaction force is directed on the patch and not the DOT RULE ALLOWS UTILITIES surrounding pavement ALONG HIGHWAYS 7. Edoe Seating. Edge sealing is done to keep water out of the joint between pavement and patch. Any The U.S. Department of Transportation has issued material can be used, so long as it does not cause a final rule that permits states to decide whether to allow excess asphalt to bleed around the patch. A layer of certain types of utilities, such as fiber-optic communica- fine sand can be used to blot the seal. Ideally, pave- tion cables, telephone lines, fire and police signal ments should be maintained so they will not deteriorate systems, cable TV lines and water mains, to be installed to the point where potholing occurs. along freeway and interstate highway rights-of-way. PAVEMENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS provide detailed information about the road network to the Prior to this rule, the federal government had to manager so that decisions about maintenance can be approve every single request by a utility to use the made. Highway administrators and engineers should rights-of-way even though the rights-of-way are owned take the initiative and explore this new technology. by the individual state.

(This article is based on Cold Reaions Technical The states are perfectly capable of deciding Dioest No. 84-1, March 1984. entitled The Engineer's whether utilities may use state-owned rights-of-ways. So Pothole Repair Guide." Free copies of the booklet are long as highway safety standards are maintained, there available from Mr. Robert Eaton, Civil Engineering, is no reason for the federal government to be involved Geotechnical Research Branch, USA Cold Regions in each and every decision,' DOT Secretary Jim Burnley Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, New said. Hampshire, 03775-1290. The rule requires the states to submit a plan (From Technotes, University of Maryland Technology setting forth the state's policy on the installation of Transfer Newsletter, Spring 1986.) utilities within freeway rights-of-way. A state can decide not to permit installation along the freeway, but this must be expressed in its plan. if the state elects to permit the installation of utilities within the highway property line, it THE ART OF WRITING SPECS must demonstrate the precautions that will be taken to protect highway safety. Once a state plan is approved There are steps that can be taken to facilitate the by the FHWA, individual requests will no longer require process of writing specifications for equipment pur- FHWA approval on a case-by-case basis. chases: Under the old regulation, which required FHWA 1) Work closely with the purchasing department—let approval for each installation request, few utilities were them know what you wish to do with the equipment; allowed to be located along the rights-of-way. FHWA let them know if you're having problems with what estimates that only about 250 requests have been you've received in the past so that the same prob- granted nationwide since 1960, and these grants gener- lems won't be bought in the future. ally have been for very short segments of several thou- sand feet or less. 2) Identify your minimum requirements, don't make a wish list of expensive optional features. FHWA's rule making will enable a new generation of sophisticated communications equipment—with 3) Consider using performance-based specifications significantly Increased network capacity—to serve the based on how well a product does the job and at growing communication needs of the country, while, at what cost the same time, providing greater cost savings to the public. 4) Require a demonstration N you are unfamiliar with a vendor's product. (From U.S. Highways, U.S. DOT, Winter 1988.) 5) Don't leave the vendor guessing—state in the open- ing paragraph of the specification how the machine will be used and under what conditions.

6) Don't be afraid to ask for help—other agencies can provide assistance from their experiences.

These are suggestions taken from APWA's Public Works Pro-Views on Equipment Services, 1987.

11

M. JOHN MOSICALUIC TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER NONPROFIT ORM SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING U.S. POSTAGE GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PAID ?MANTA, GEORGIA 30332 PERMIT NO. 3023 ATLANTA. GA SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY UNIT OF THE UNIVERSITY SYSTEM OF GEORGIA

TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER VOL. 6, NO. 1 WINTER 1989

EDITOR'S NOTE

There are few things in life that are more enjoyable I believe that the Technology Transfer Program than the sharing of information. For the past several in the State of Georgia is a Local Program. It is years, the Georgia Tech Technology Transfer Center has intended to assist the local agencies to improve their provided me the opportunity to share information with productivity and achieve greater mileage for their dollar numerous city and county agencies throughout the State investment. Consequently, I suggest that you continue of Georgia. to take advantage of the Program. The GDOT through Mr. Bryant's office will continue to offer the same The Center has gained a significance in my daily services as have been offered by the Georgia Tech activities that I would not have guessed would happen Center. To continue a successful Program your when the project began. Now, it has been decided that involvement in the Program is necessary. It is up to you the Center at Georgia Tech will be moved to the Georgia to avail your agency of the many beneficial Department of Transportation (GDOT). Although, we are opportunities. closing are doors at Georgia Tech, Technology Transfer for Local Transportation Agencies will continue. Mr Phil On behalf of all of the staff that have worked at Bryant the GDOT Training Officer has assumed the the Georgia Tech Technology Transfer Center, I would responsibilities of Technology Transfer. Requests for like to say thank-you for this opportunity to share information, assistance, reports, and training should be information. It has been a tremendous learning addressed to: experience for me. Hopefully, you can say the same. I am confident that the GDOT will continue what has been Mr. Phil Bryant started and provide even more services than in the past. Training Officer I wish them the best of fortune in the coming years. Georgia Dept. of Transportation Room 268 Remember that this is your program and you No. 2 Capitol Square must take advantage of the services that are provided. Atlanta, Georgia 30334 I have had many memorable experiences during the past 404/656-5181 several years. Again, thank-you. It has bP i pleasure working with you. It is also my understanding that Mr. Bryant will be scheduling training workshops for local agencies in the near future. On-site training sessions will continue. Consequently, I suggest that you connect Mr. Bryant to arrange a training topic and time for your local agency. The new beads add about 5% in costs over the life of a NEWS BRIEFS marking line when used in epoxy, and about 25% more in thermoplastic, according to Potters. The U.S. Department of Transportation has proposed mandating drug testing for more than 350,000 mass Tests show that. Visibeads are more visible in dry condi- transit, merchant marine and pipeline industry workers. tions than standard beads. During wet conditions, Under the DOT proposal, mass transit systems that fail visibility drops for both beads; however, when rain stops, to implement a program would be Ineligible for federal recovery is much more rapid, within seconds, for the funding. new, larger beads. Tests also show that Visibeads maintain their reflectivity longer than standard beads in dry, as well as wet, conditions. A Notice of Proposed Rulemaking issued by the DOT **************** sought comments on various methods of detecting drug use by transportation employees. These include pre- employment, post-accident, random, reasonable cause A tree within 30 feet of a driving lane is hit on an average and periodic testing for employees as part of a com- of once every 20 years. If the tree is closer than 30 feet prehensive program that included education and rehabili- or in a median, it is hit more often. Single vehicle "run tation. off the road" type accidents were responsible for approx- imately 50 percent of all traffic deaths. A "forgiving" roadside, clear of obstacles should be strived for. **************** Texas officials have used a fly ash/sand/aggregate mortar for pothole patching in both wet and dry weather. The mortar hardens quickly, supporting the weight of a Traffic signs rank as the most cost-effective accident car in 10 minutes. Reports of the mixture's use led to countermeasure, according to a Highway Safety Evalua- experiments at the Center for Transportation Research, tion, published by the Federal Highway Administration. University of Texas, where test results showed that the Lawsuits over substandard traffic signs that do not meet optimum mix is two parts fly ash, one part sand, and two MUTCD standards, or the failure to use signs where parts coarse aggregate. Field tests showed that pothole appropriate, are on the rise. Upgrading signs on local sides do not have to be squared up and that the mortar roads can be a cheap insurance policy, reducing acci- can be mixed in the pothole. dents and loss of life and, at the same time, minimizing ***** *********** exposure to liability. **************** In Finland, England and Sweden, convicted drunk drivers are automatically jailed for approximately one year. The Eighty-two billion dollars will be needed by the year 2000 names of convicted drunk drivers in Australia are pub- just to maintain overall conditions on non-local highway, lished in local newspapers. In South Africa, chronic and bridges and to provide public assistance for urbee offenders face a maximum penalty of a ten-year prison transit systems, according to the U.S. Department ce sentence, a fine of $10,000, or both. In Turkey, drunk Transportation. This estimate is conservative and does drivers are taken 20 miles from town and forced to walk not allow for the doubling of travel in many areas by the, back under escort. A second conviction of drunk driving year 2000. In New York, about 70 percent of all per- in Bulgaria is punished by execution. sonal travel is by automobile and three-quarters of tot,;;! freight volumes are transported by truck. By 2003 ; highway travel is expected to increase from the current Since federal penalties on state motorcycle helmet laws level of 95 billion vehicle miles to 130 biiiion vehicle miles. have been lifted, a number of states have repealed their **************** state laws requiring motorcyclists to wear helmets.

A recent survey in Seattle revealed that of 105 motor- Recommended speeds for curves often are determined cycle accidents, the total amount of dollars spent, by the use of a ball-bank indicator mounted in a car and including rehabilitation, was more than $2.7 million. That set at zero when the car is level. Trial runs are made amounted to $26,000 per patient. Of that amount, less and recommended speeds set depending on the degree than 1% was paid by the family, 22% was paid through of deflection from zero. The following rt.l.commendeal insurance companies, leaving 63% to be paid by taxes. speed/ball-bank reading relationship has been sug- ***** ********** * gested: 14-degree maximum deflection for recom- mended speeds of 15 mph or below; 12 degrees for A larger glass bead, called "Visibeads," stands up above speeds of 20 to 30 mph; and 10 degrees for recom- the accumulated water and is more visible on wet nights mended speeds of 35 mph or greater. A recent revievi than ordinary glass beads, according to Potters In- by R. L. Carstens in the Iowa State University publica- dustries, developer of the beads. They have nine times tion, "Technology News", suggests that the trial runs the surface of other beads. should be in both directions and the recommended

2 speed would be the lower of the two runs. It is sug- gested that the trial runs be carried out in a typical PUBLICATIONS vehicle such as a passenger sedan. Research shows that readings do fluctuate widely during trial runs and * The Transportation Research Board (TRB) has that the "most frequent" reading is the one to use. released a report on the relationship between safety Vehicle suspension systems, for example, are just one and key highway features. The report describes the factor that can affect the reading. Carstens cautions that continuing controversy over which minimum geomet- in the final analysis, the engineering judgement and ric standards should be applied to resurfacing, experience of the rater are critical in setting the reccm- restoration, and rehabilitation projects. Various mended speed. * *************** organizations have proposed standards but none have been adopted for nationwide use. However, at Congress' request, TRB studied the problem and GRAB YOUR COFFEE CAN: published Special Report 214, Designing Safer FIGURE LOST GRAVEL COST Roads—Practices for Resurfacing, Restoration, and Rehabilitation. Topics include curvature, sight distance, land width, shoulder width, intersection, Question: How can you save $50,000 per motor grader pavement-edge drop, and pavement resurfacing. operator per year? Copies are $14 each. To order, contact Transporta- tion Research Board, National Research Council, Answer: Train your operators to properly pick up wind- 2101 Constitution Avenue N.W., Washington, DC rows of gravel. 20418.

Some do-it-yourself coffee-can research by Ed * In addition, TRB has released a report entitled Low- Wootton, of Nebraska's T2 Center, led to this conclusion. Temperature Properties of Paving Asphalt Cements. As he watched motor grader operators at work, It is designed to foster a better understanding of Ed wondered about the cost of the gravel lost off the factors affecting low-temperature behavior of flexible toe of moldboards as windrows were picked up. pavements. Copies are available-for $5 each from So he measured one foot in the ditch and put all TRB, 2101 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, the spilled gravel he found in that area in a coffee car. DC 20418. When he weighed the can he found he had two pounds of gravel (which he says is a very minimal loss--often it * A new video prepared by the FHWA and NACE is is much more). now available. Entitled Blading Unpaved Roads, the At that rate, the gravel loss is 10,560 pounds in video is 22 minutes long and is based on NACE's one mile. If an operator grades 20 miles a day, he loses Blading Aggregate Surfaces training guide. For more 105.5 tons. At $3.65 per ton, the dollar loss is $385.44 information concerning this video, contact Milton per day. Johnson, Executive Secretary, NACE, 326 Pike Road, If the operator works 22 days per month and Ottumwa, IA 52501; 515/684-6928. devotes half of his time to his job during the year, the total dollar amount of lost gravel is $50,878--two and a ######################## half time the salary of an average operator. The main cause of this loss, Ed says, is improper blade angle. "We know there are other factors in the loss, such as wind, water, and heavy traffic, but the chief cause is improper procedures." The spilled gravel is partially retrievable by pulling up the slopes, but that is time-consuming and costly, and "you don't get it all." Here's Ed's formula if you want to measure your own losses.:

1. Weigh gravel collected from one foot of ditch. 2. x 5,280 (feet per mile). 3. x number of miles per day per machine. 4. x number of days worked per year. 5. x number of machines used. 6. cost per ton of gravel.

APW A IMPORTER /MY 19U From 'Vermont Local Roads News,' Saint Michael's College, September, 1988.

3 pavement drainage. They are caused by buildup of MAINTENANCE TIPS vegetation along the shoulder or improper drainage of shoulder allowing the buildup of earth. UNPAVED SHOULDER REPAIR A low shoulder is one where the surface of the shoulder below the surface of the adjoining pavement. It is caused by a build up of the pavement surface and RESHAPING SHOULDERS settlement or erosion of the shoulder. Often pavements are overlaid causing a rise above the shoulder equal to When rutting, corrugations, or ridges occur on an the depth of the overlay. This condition creates a safety unpaved shoulder, the reshaping of the shoulder hazard for the driver. Low shoulders may also result in becomes necessary. Ruts, corrugations, and ridges in wide gaps at the pavement-shoulder joint, allowing water earth shoulders are caused by erosion and/or improper to penetrate into the subgrade and cause edge or compaction of the shoulder materials. These deficien- alligator cracking. cies are normally found in shoulders with slopes greater Narrow shoulders are those which are too narrow than 5:1 and in shoulders that have little or no ground to permit a vehicle from pulling completely clear of th cover to prevent erosion. Corrugations may show up in roadway (less than 8 feet wide). Most narrow shoulders newly reconditioned shoulders within 6 months after are the result of insufficient width of right-of-way at time construction. Initial ruts, corrugations, and ridges are of construction or decrease of shoulder width due to not a severe deficiency. However, if they are allowed to widening of the pavement. Narrow shoulders are not a remain they will create drainage problems that may serious deficiency as long as a minimum shoulder width result in areas of low shoulder and hazardous driving of 4 feet is maintained at all times and areas 8 feet wide conditions for vehicles. are provided at intervals of every one-half to one mile.

Crew required: Crew required: Equipment operator 1 Equipment operators 2 2-4 Laborers 2 Truck drivers Flagmen 1 Laborers 2 Flagmen 2 Equipment required: Equipment required: Motor grader 1 Dump trucks 2-4 1 Material required: Roller Motor grader 1 None Front end loader

Repair procedure: Material required:

1. Place signs and other safety control devices. Gravel or imported borrow 2. Remove roadway signs and mailboxes from shoulder to be repaired. Repair procedure: 3. Cut high spots with motor grader, pulling material toward the roadway. 1. Place signs and other safety devices. 4. Blade the material back onto the shoulder, making 2. Remove roadway signs and mailboxes on shoulder. sure all low spots are filled. Make certain the new 3. Cut shoulder wedge approximately 4 inches deep at shoulder is level with the adjacent pavement and pavement edge and slope to desired shoulder width sloped toward the ditch to permit drainage of water. (8 foot minimum if right-of-way available, 4 foot ab- 5. Roll with motor grader wheels to compact loose solute minimum). material. 4. Work material cut from shoulder back into wedge. 6. Replace signs and mailboxes. If additional material is required, spread material 7. Clean up area and remove signs. from truck, and work in with motor grader. If excess material at shoulder, remove and haul away. RECONDITIONING SHOULDERS 5. Shape shoulder with motor grader to conform with roadway and slope toward ditch. 6. Roll as required for proper compaction. When unpaved shoulders are high, low, or narrow, 7. Replace roadway signs and mailboxes. they should be repaired by reconditioning the shoulder. 8. Clean up area and remove signs. High shoulders are those in which the shoulder sur- face is higher than the adjacent pavement, preventing

4

"To See or Not to See" MICROCOMPUTER PROGRAMS AVAILABLE FOR SOLVING LOCAL Should Not Be the Question SAFETY PROBLEMS There are situations where sight distances from Local jurisdictions are faced with the responsibility one street to an intersecting street are poor because the for highway safety programs and improvements. street is depressed and the adjacent corner has retaining Because of the absence of data on locally maintained walls, buildings are close to the property line, or there is roads and delays in obtaining centralized data, state heavy vegetation. Frequently, such obstructions are highway accident data bases are not always sufficient. either impossible or very costly to remove. A solution to According to a technical summary by the Federal this condition using mirrors has been tested at two Highway Administration, computer software is now intersections in Commerce City, Colorado. One of these available for use by local jurisdictions to develop, moni- is shown in the sketch. The location is a residential tor, and evaluate their highway safety programs. The area. The intersection is a four-way stop, but south- software is intended primarily for use by jurisdictions bound traffic (upward on the sketch) had poor visibility with populations up to 500,000 persons. to traffic coming from the right on 61st Avenue because The computer software has two parts: Highway of a raised front yard and a 4-foot retaining wall. The Safety Analysis and Monitoring (HISAM) and Highway remedy was placing a convex mirror on the far right Safety Evaluation (HISAFE). HISAM provides the frame- corner which gives a more complete view of 61st Avenue work for a safety information system. It is used to enter, to the right and thus permits a more cautious entry into edit, and maintain accident reports, street inventory data, the intersection. The metal mirrors cost only about and traffic volume data. It contains subroutines for $150. The mirrors have been in place at two intersec- identifying high accident location, analyzing accident tions for 15 months and no accidents have occurred characteristics, and producing standard accident reports. during that period. HISAFE evaluates the effectiveness of completed safety projects. It contains subroutines to aid the user in computing accident rates and percent changes resulting from safety improvements, performing statistical significance testing, and conducting economic evalua- tions of the effects of safety improvements. Both soft- ware packages operate on IBM PC or PC-AT and other IBM compatible microcomputers and are modular in design. Because the programs are menu-driven, the user needs no computer programming background. The city of Charlotte, North Carolina, population 350,000, has successfully tested and is currently using the software. The results of the study are presented in four main sources. A Final Report (FHWA/RD-87/072) provides general background on the computer program. Two manuals document and describe the details on how users can run either HISAM (FHWA/RD-87/073) or HISAFE (FHWA/RD-87/074), and a Techshare Report (FHWA-TS-87-211) summarizes the field test experience 0 along with the advantages and limitation cf the program. All of these documents are available from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161. The computer software, available on IBM-com- patible 5 1/4" diskettes, and users manuals can be obtained from the Center for Microcomputers in Trans- portation (McTrans Center), 512 Weil Hall, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611. The telephone number is (904) 392-0378. There is a small charge for items ordered from the McTrans Center.

From 'Technology Exchange,' a Rural Technical Assis- tance Program of Louisiana State University, Spring, 1988. From 'Road Business, Technology Transfer Center, University of New Hampshire, Summer, 1988.

5 TORT LIABILITY: an exercise of independent judgement. The court's decisions have been fairly uniform A MAJOR CONCERN FOR in holding that the design of a highway is discretionary TRANSPORTATION AGENCIES because it involves high-level planning and evaluation of policies. Design immunity is intended to immunize is there a safeguard against torts? governmental bodies and employees from liability arising out of negligence or errors in a plan or design when the 'Since there is not a way to eliminate liability or plan or design was duly approved under current prevent suits, engineers must do the next best standards of reasonable safety. thing—they must minimize their liability Negligent construction is not likely to be immune exposure.' from liability by reason of the discretionary function exemption, particularly where the construction deviates The issue of tort liability has become a major from the approved plan or design, or where there is concern for municipal, state, and federal highway negligence in implementing the plan or design. agencies. In increasing numbers, citizens are suing Construction negligence might be immune when it transportation agencies over substandard roadways resulted from following a plan or design that specified which may have resulted in damage to property or in elaborate detail how a feature was to be built. bodily injury. Negligent maintenance is least likely to be immune It is important that highway personnel, from the from liability because maintenance is considered a workzone crew to top officials, understand not only the routine function necessary in the performance of normal issue of tort liability but an agency's discretionary government administration. powers in reference to tort liability, and what that agency To reduce risk potential, construction and can do to prevent torts from arising. maintenance tasks should be performed in accordance A tort is a private or civil wrong, independent of con- with clearly established guidelines. Establish priority lists tract. It is an overt act or omission that results in an to help the government agency properly allocate limited injury, loss, or decrease in property value. Not a crimi- resources. Establishing this priority list does not totally nal act, for the injury or loss was not intentional, it protect the agency from suits alleging that the agency occurred because someone failed to act in a reasonable, had knowledge of the defect. The agency must have prudent fashion. The purpose of a legal action or clear, valid alternatives in order to retain discretionary lawsuit in cases of tort is to compensate the victim by immunity. the payment of a sum of money. In a civil suit, the Within the construction and maintenance functions, plaintiff must only convince the jury that the defendant the selection of materials is often viewed as discretionary was in some way more wrong than the plaintiff and and therefore immune from suit. If an agency selects a caused injury or property loss to the plaintiff. particular material knowing that the material is inade- In the case of responsibility of transportation quate, it can be considered to have abused its discre- agencies, the law requires only that governments tion. In an action to recover damages for injuries sus- maintain their road systems in a reasonable safe tained or death incurred by reason of a defective high- condition. When the government creates an way condition, the burden rests on the plaintiff to es- extraordinary situation that causes personal injury or tablish that such a condition was the proximate cause of property loss, it has failed in the duty owed to the user, injury or death. They must also proved that the public and the spectre of tort liability arises. agency having jurisdiction and control over the highway In past civil cases, the court looked at the wherein the defect exists had actual or constructive governmental function and determined that some of the notice of the defect and sufficient time to take corrective functions should be considered discretionary acts, and action. some should be considered nondiscretionary acts. A The agency responsible for the road system has a discretionary act is one which meets the following duty to maintain the roads in a reasonably safe criteria: (1) an authorized individual or agency must condition. Individual employees of that agency have the have been given the power and duty to make a decision; same duty. Legal doctrines hold that all individuals have (2) the decision must be made from a set of valid a duty to conduct themselves in a manner that does not alternatives; and (3) the individual or agency must cause harm to any other person. If an individual em- exercise independent judgement in making the selection. ployee violated this general duty of reasonable care, and Therefore, if a government act was determined to be if that violation is the proximate cause of an injury or discretionary, the government would continue to be loss suffered by a member of the public, the employee immune to prosecution. However, if the act was may be named either as the party in the suit or as a determined to be nondiscretionary, the government party along with the agency. would now be liable. On the other hand, just as an agency has To avoid charges of abuse of discretionary power, immunities, the individual employee has the same engineers are cautioned to ensure that (1) they have the immunities, particularly within the area of discretionary authority to make a decision, (2) the decision is made duties. If the act performed by the employee is from valid alternatives, and (3) the decision is made by considered a discretionary act, then the employee may

6 have the generally accepted government immunity. However, employees involved in nondiscretionary BUYING activities, which include construction, maintenance, and MICROCOMPUTERS even the operation of a government vehicle, may face the same liability exposure that private individuals would When requesting microcomputer bids, a number face. of tips can help ensure purchase of a truly useful, as Since there is no way to eliminate liability or prevent well as low-cost system. suits, engineers must do the next best thing--they must minimize their liability exposure. A good risk minimiza- TIP 1: In the specifications, describe the uses your tion program is a preventive program. It will anticipate department plans for the system, including an the high-frequency problems that engineers face in outline of the functions of the department. maintaining a reasonably safe road system for the user by identifying those problems and establishing programs TIP 2: Specify software that must run on the system to eliminate them. Good records are the foundations of as well as basic software needs, such as word any good risk minimization program. processing, an electronic spreadsheet, BASIC, A good preventive maintenance program seeks out and so on. problems in the field and does not rely entirely on complaints from the public or various police agencies. TIP 3: Specify computer features required, such as A good program further establishes lines of communica- one or more serial ports, parallel port and tions between the various parties who will be designated graphics board. to help identify problems and the appropriate maintain- ing agency. TIP 4: Specify a high resolution color monitor if As a further measure, the agency should also needed. establish a regular inventory and inspection program to seek out problems that could be hazardous and indicate TIP 5: Specify minimum size of internal RAM, usually negligence on the agency's part. from 256 to 640 K. Tort liability will always exist to some measure. But by taking all possible precautions, an agency can be TIP 6: Specify size of a hard disk drive, if needed. successful in at least minimizing its liability. TIP 7: Specify quality of printout for princers—laser, dot From 'Technology Exchange, A Rural Technical Assis- matrix, letter quality or daisy wheel--along with tance Program of Louisiana State University. any specific type face or size requirements, such as subscript or superscript capacity.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TIP 8: Specify minimum printer speed. Dot matrix printers are usually faster than daisy wheel units, with a typical speed of 200 characters per The Technology Transfer (72) Program is a second for normal type faces, and 100 character nationwide effort financed jointly by the Federal Highway per second for emphasized printing. Near-letter- Administration and individual State Departments of quality printing speed may be 40 character per Transportation. Its purpose is to translate into second or less. understandable terms the latest state-of-the-art technologies in the areas of roads, bridges, and public TIP 9: Specify furniture, accessories and supplies transportation, to local highway and transportation needed, such as printer stands, cables, personnel. diskettes, paper and ribbons. The 72 Center at Georgia Tech is sponsored by the Georgia Department of Transportation and provides TIP 10: Specify local service requirements. information and counsel to more than 500 municipalities and counties in our state. This newsletter is designed TIP 11: Specify degree of aftersales support required. to keep you informed about new publications, new techniques, and new training opportunities that may be TIP 12: Specify compatibility needs, to interface with an helpful to you and your community. Individuals wishing in-department mainframe, if one is used. to receive future copies of this newsletter at no cost may send their request to: From, 'Vermont Local Roads News,' Saint Michael's Mr. Phil Bryant College, June, 1988. Training Officer Georgia Dept. of Transportation Room 268 No. 2 Capitol Square Atlanta, Georgia 30334 404/656-5181 7 DON'T GET ZAPPED

Flash! Kaboom! The zig-zag of lightning and the crash of thunder are not particularly significant for most of us because we take adequate precautions. Your personal GEORGIA DEPARTMENT safety may be adequate, but what about your computer? OF A lightning strike miles away can be transmitted directly to your computer, doing dastardly things to the TRANSPORTATION hardware, software, and precious data. A nearby hit can turn your whole system into a smoldering doorstop. Aside from the perils of lightning, momentary power outages and routine power surges can also cause TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER problems. So how can you protect your investment? ROOM 268 You can purchase a surge protector from your computer No. 2 CAPITAL SQUARE dealer or electronics store that wilt offer some protection. The degree of protection varies from model to model, ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30334 with the greatest protection usually afforded by the most expensive models. In addition, most models offer (404) 656-5181 conveniences like multi-outlets which allow you to plug in (and protect) all of your peripheral equipment as well. Some also have built-in circuit breakers to protect against overloads, and a master on/off switch. Prices TRAINING OFFICER-PHIL BRYANT range from about $20 to $100, a small price to pay for protection.

Adapted from the 'Technology Transfer Quarterly,' Transportation Research Center, University of Florida, Fall 1988.

M. JOHN MOSKALUK TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER NON-PROFIT ORG. U.S. POSTAGE SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PAID ATLANTA, GEORGIA 303:32 PERMIT NO. 3023 ATLANTA, GA APPENDIX E--Evaluation Reports o Georgia Tech Technology Transfer Center Evaluation Questionnaire Summary - Prepared by Georgia Department of Transportation, Office of Materials and Research, Mr. Peter Malphurs, August, 1988. o Final Report—Evaluation of Georgia Tech Technology Transfer Program, Prepared by Mr. Grover Bowman, April, 1988. O.O.T. SI DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION STATE OF GEORGIA

INTERDEPARTMENT CORRESPONDENCE

FILE OFFICE Materials & Research Forest Park, Georgia DATE August 24, 1988

FROM Peter Malphurs, State Materials & Research Engineer

TO Hal Rives, Commissioner

SUBJECT Georgia Tech Technology Transfer Center Evaluation Questionnaire Summary

I have received completed questionnaires from 76 counties for a 48% return. Responses were also received from 11 cities. Of the 87 responses, 66 want the program to continue, 10 are neutral, and 11 do not want the program to continue. A county outline map is attached showing the responses for all counties except four which were unknown. We were looking for any pattern which might show up, but none was found. A distribution of responses by county population is included as Attachment 2. Eighteen of the 22 most populous counties (greater than 50,000) responded with 17 of the 18 wanting the program to continue. Responses dropped as population decreased with a higher proportion of these counties having less interest in the program.

Attachment 3 is a copy of the questionnaire with responses totalled. Question 2 asks about any increase in productivity due to the Technology Transfer Program. Eleven responses showed a 10-15% increase, 24 a 5-9% increase, 25 a 1-4% increase, and only 5 indicating no increase in productivity.

The idea of conducting workshops at individual county shops was very popular. All 71 of those who completed the whole questionnaire indicated that they would be willing to attend a 2-hour workshop.

Attachment 4 is a summary of the programs counties would like to see and other general comments. They suggested a number of topics which will give the Technology Transfer Center ideas for new workshops. The most popular topics were bridges, pavement design and pavement maintenance. Under general comments, ten questionnaires specifically mentioned that workshops should be offered locally.

Attachment 5 is a summary of the questionnaires by county and is included for your information.

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Legend: Counties that replied, YES - "program to continue"*, 66 Counties neutral, reply blank, - "program to continue", 10 La f Counties that replied NO - "program to continue", 11 * question 4. in questionnaire, "Should the T 2 Center continue to provide services to cities and counties?" ATTACHMENT 2 GDOT SUMMARY OF GA. TECH T 2 CENTER EVALUATION QUESTIONNAIRE Counties, population > 50,000 Counties, population > 20,000

1980 1980 1980 1980 County Ranking Population County Ranking Population

4"Fillton 1 589,904 Spalding 23 47,899 2 483,024 Bartow 24 40,760 _Cobb , 3 297,694 IV Columbia . 25 40,118 P,Chathom 4 202,226 Coweta 26 39,268 V-Aichmiond 5 181,629. iirldnoch - 27 38,785 tliastogee 6 170,108 ttierhomee 28 38,098 ..""Awinnett 7 166,903 Liberty 29 37,583 1-41ibb 151,085 8 .-Mare 7- 7, 30 37,180 1.Clayton 9 150,357 Catoosa 31 36,991 4-'7-Dougherty 10 100,978 Laurens 32 36,900 Floyd 11 79,800 4- Rockdale . 33 36,747 Houston 12 77,605 Henry 34 36,309 r-Hall 13 75,649 Colquitt 35 35,376 `Clarke 14 74,498 Baldwin 36 34,686 lowndes 15 67,972 Newton 37 34,389 .'Whitfield 16 65,780 Tift 38 32,862 Walker 17 56,470 Polk 39 32,386 Carroll 18 56,346 Walton 40 31,211 Glynn 19 54,981 __Gordon 41 30,070 i Douglas 20 54,573 Sumter 42 29,360 Cherokee 21 51,699 Fayette 43 29,043 Troup 22 50,003 " Forsyth 44 27,958 Coffee 45 26,894 Pauldir g 46 26,042 Upson 47 25,998 Decatur 48 25,495 Jackson 49 25,343 !-Lliabershas 50 25,020 'Toombs 51 22,592 Chattooga 52 21,856

` Stephens 53 21,763 Chattahoochee 54 21,732 Ellarrow 55 21,293 Meriwether 56 21,229 Mitchell 57 21,114 '-Emanuel 58 20,795 Wayne 59 20,750

Legend:

MICE Counties that replied, YES - "program to continue"*, 66

Counties neutral, reply blank, - "program to continue", 10

Counties that replied NO - "program to continue", 11

* question 4. in questionnaire, "Should the T 2 Center continue to provide services to cities and counties?"

Summarized by Research & Development Bureau, Office of Materials & Research 25 August 1988 Summary, continued

Counties, population > 10, 000 Counties, population < 10,000 1980 1980 1980 1980 County Ranking Population County Ranking Population

=EWA 60 19,845 Randolph 112 9,599 Walurrariv. 61 19,685 Bi amirses, 113 9,510 Crisp 62 19,489 01,11kkbck' -, ' 114 9,466 Burke 63 19,349 Union 115 9,390 Peach 64 19,151 Bacon 116 9,379 Mant=griton, 65 18,842 Tviggs 117 9,354 1,11.bert 66 18,758 Seminole 118 9,057 Hart 67 18,585 Watrwin 119 8,988 tIlicDuf fie 68 18,546 Oglethorpe 120 8,929 69 18,422 Pulaski 121 8,950 CzawdriIi 70 18,403 Pike 122 8,937 Effingham 71 18,327 V. Jenkins 123 8,841 Tattnall 72 18,134 Banks 124 8,702 Worth 73 18,064 Brantley 125 8,701 Madison 74 17,747 Johnson 126 8,660 Dodge 75 16,955 Evans 127 8,428 Jones 76 16,579 McIntosh 128 Ben Hill 77 16,000 tVlaylor 129 ; ,,Z6 7,902 Appling 78 15,565 k.Crawford 130 7,684 P-Marris 79 15,464 Wilcox 131 7,682 Brooks 80 15,255 Jasper 132 7,553 Franklin 81 15,185 Candler 133 7,518 Fannin 82 14,748 Charlton 134 7,343 Monroe 83 14,610 Millet 135 7,038 Screven 84 14,043 Montgomery 136 7,011 01 Incen_ 85 14,003 Lincoln 137 6,949 Butts 86 13,665 Clinch 138 6,660 Berrien 87 13,525 Warren 139 6,583 Cook 88 13,490 Talbot 140 6,536 Camden 89 13,371 0 Alleard- 4,, 141 6,520 /4-.Marly-- - 90 13,158 Atkinson 142 6,141 P-Otosee 91 12,427 Arfteutien 143 6,087 Dade 92 12,318 PftStewart - • 144 5,896 Lamar 93 12,215 Calhoun 145 5,717 Terrell 94 12,017 a.niiiiter 146 5,654 flitLerce. 95 11,897 Towns 147 5,638 96 11,684 Marion 148 5,297

Pickens 97 11,652 emithee le r- - 149 5,155 Morgan 98 11,572 Dawson 150 4,774 NIPMEMlbmWW.- 99 11,473 Long 151 4,525 Telfair 100 11,445 Baker 152 3,808 Greene 101 11,391 emeirir-t 153 3,55.3 Gilmer 102 11,110 wAtabiay 154 3,433 t.elnitlitnameS 103 10,951 Glascock 155 2,382 Dooly 104 10,826 Quitman 156 2,357 ImuldeekteyA, 105 10,767 Webster 157 . 2,341 Lumpkin 106 10,762 Echols 158 2,297 Rabun 107 10,466 Taliaferro 159 2,032 Wilkinson 108 10,369 Putnam 109 10,295 Bryan 110 10,175 White 111 10,120

8/24/88 ATTACHMENT 3

GDOT SUMMARY OF RESPONSE

GEORGIA TECH TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER

EVALUATION QUESTIONNAIRE

1. Has your jurisdiction used the services of the 7 2 Center?

Yes 66 No 21

If No, why not?

If Yes, what services have you used?

55 Attended T 2 Workshops 58 Received and Read Newsletter 27 Received Publications and/or Technical Assistance.

2. Have the services of the T 2 Center been of value?

Yes 62 No 9

If No, why not?

If Yes, how have the services of the T 2 Center changed the Transporta- tion related work productivity of you agency?

11 10-15% Increase in Productivity 24 5-9% Increase in Productivity 25 1-4% Increase in Productivity 5 0% Little or No Increase in Productivity

3. Rank the services that have resulted in increased productivity. Put "0" if of no value.

53 Workshops 48 Newsletters Totals Only - See Attachment 5 40 Publications for ranking 32 Assistance 4. Should the T2 Center continue to provide services to cities and counties?

Yes 66 No 1i

5. If it continues, should the T 2 Center provide workshops that could be conducted at your shop?

Yes 69 No is

If Yes, would you be willing to send (allow) your Roadway Crew to attend a two-hour workshop?

Yes 71 No

6. What other topics or programs could be offered that would benefit you?

See Attachment 4. ATTACHMENT 4 8/22/88

GDOT SUMMARY OF GEORGIA TECH TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER EVALUATION QUESTIONNAIRE

Summary of Counties' Responses on Question 6.: "What other topics or programs could be offered that would benefit you?"

Information is listed alphabetically by subjects and the number of times men- tioned by different counties so noted. General comments are preserted at the end.

Bridges: Inspection (3); Maintenance (3); Repair (3), of wooden bridges (1) Construction: Contract Administration; Supervision and Testing Data Management/Computer Training Drainage (2) Equipment Maintenance (1), Heavy Equipment Maintenance (1) Guardrail, including bridge approaches Liability Hydrology training Mapping & CAD related to surveying . Pavement Design: Roadways (3), Streets (2) and Intersections; Rehabilitation Alternatives; CAD; Base Applications Pavement Evaluation: Road Inventory systems; operations Pavement Maintenance: Roads (4); Dirt Roads (4); and Dust Control Potholes (2) Risk Management Right of Way, acquiral Traffic Safety (2): Traffic Ccrtrol; Flagging & Sealing Off Roads, Worksite Safety Traffic Signs (2) and Signals & Sign Theft Prevention Transportation: Design; Engineering Utility Cuts and Repairs Vegetation, Roadside: Establishment; Management (2); Mowing, Shoulders Waste: Energy Programs; water applications to land

General Comments: . Workshops should be offered locally (10) . T 2 personnel need to be "in the field" for more personal help . Workshops for maintenance and construction personnel . Technical assistance is the most important service . Public Works, the term, needs to be defined re normal and frequency . T 2 needs better library for completed research on safety programs . VCR training films need for local training classes (2) . Publications/Information on GDOT accepted methods/materials . System for sharing ideas/problems between counties of comparative size with similar problems . Waive registration fees . Comprehensive funding packages for improvements

A ► r GDOT SUMMARY OF GA TECH T 2 CENTER EVALUATION QUESTIONNAIRE

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EVALUATION OF

GEORGIA TECH TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAM

Prepared by Grover Bowman April 1988

Submitted to Georgia Department of Transportation Research and Materials Laboratory TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE SUMMARY 1

INTRODUCTION

METHODOLOGY 3

FINDINGS 6

Newsletter 8

Technical Assistance and Technical Materials 8

Workshops 10

Selected General Subjects 12

RECOMMENDATIONS 13

Appendix A—Blank Questionnaire

Appendix B—Summary of Questionnaire Data

Appendix C--Completed Questionnaires (submitted under separate cover)

Appendix D—Evaluation Questionnaire Summary SUMMARY

Accomplishment of this consulting agreement for the Georgia Tech Technology Transfer (T 2 )

Center has resulted in fifty-seven interviews being conducted in forty-five of Georgia's one-hundred-fifty- nine counties. (Counties interviewed are noted on Page 7.) Eighteen interviews were with County

Commissioners, nine with County Administrators, ten were with County Engineers, ten with Road

Superintendents, and one was with a County Clerk. One City Manager, five City Engineers/Public Works

Directors and three Traffic Engineers were also interviewed.

County officials interviewed have responsibility for approximately twenty-one thousand miles of roadway, which includes over eighty-five hundred miles of unpaved roads and over twelve thousand miles of paved roads. These counties employ approximately nineteen-hundred persons in transportation related activities and consider themselves at least minimally equipped to fulfill their responsibilities.

Approximately sixty-eight million dollars annually is reportedly expended on roadway related activities in the sampled counties. Additional funding is made available in some of the counties through the one- percent optional sales tax provision of Georgia Law.

Approximately ninety-five percent of all interviews indicated local officials to be generally familiar with the Technology Transfer Program. However, approximately thirty percent were not aware of the

Technical Assistance and Technical Materials components of the program. The newsletter "TECH

TRANS" is knowingly received in eighty-four percent of the agencies. The majority of recipients read, highlight and circulate the publication through the roadway organization. The workshop component constitutes the "flagship" of the program and is also well received throughout the State. While not specifically inventoried, it is perceived by the author that for many of those counties interested in upgrading their activities, these workshops are the only formal training opportunities reasonably available. The positive impact of the workshops on the employees selected to attend was mentioned on several occasions.

Recommendations for improvement of T2 components were minimal. The newsletter is generally considered excellent with a few indications that more articles on local experiences would enhance the program. Other suggestions were for more information on specific subjects such as herbicides, materials, and equipment. Technical Assistance and Technical Materials components are utilized almost exclusively by the more sophisticated operations. The particularly rural counties were generally not aware of these services. All workshops have been well received and appreciated. Several officials commented on over sophistication and suggested that workshops emphasize the "basics." On the other hand, the more urban counties usually suggested workshops of a more complex, comprehensive nature.

Innovative ideas relating to the program were relatively few. The most popular suggestion was to hold short, subject specific workshops at the county level. The rural counties in particular have problems in releasing their supervisory personnel for training, as such absence usually results in significantly decreased productivity. Another suggestion articulated by four of the more progressive respondees was for the Center to serve as focal point for a "brainstorming" activity on certain subjects, such as County Needs, Public Works Standards, and Quality Measuring Techniques, etc.

Charging attendance fees for workshops elicited mixed response. As would be expected, the majority indicated a willingness to pay. There was some concern regarding the amount charged, as the

University of Georgia has traditionally worked with a ten to fifteen dollar fee structure. One county recently cancelled five attendees when advised of the fifty dollar per person fee and several others indicated that the fee structure would affect attendance or number of attendees. Unfortunately, the greater reluctance to pay is directly related to the more rural counties, which have the greatest need. In recognition of this need, one official suggested the possibility of providing "one free slot for each governmental entity, with the established fee structure to be applicable to additional registrations.

2 INTRODUCTION

The Georgia Institute of Technology's Technology Transfer (1 2 ) Center was one of the first

Centers formed in response to FHWA Rural Transportation Program's (RTAP) 1982 solicitation for proposals for establishment of "e Centers. Georgia's submission was approved by FHWA and the

Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT), the organizational structure was firmed up and the program got under way in January 1983. Direction of the program was provided by a Policy Advisory

Committee, which has been somewhat modified and expanded over time. Presently the committee consists of several representatives from GDOT, FHWA's Division Administrator, FHWA's County Advisor, a representative of the Association County Commissioners, a representative of the Georgia Municipal

Association, a representative of the Georgia Institute of Technology and the membership of the Technical

Advisory Committee. Day to day activities were, and continue to be, guided by the Technical Advisory

Committee, which consists of technical representation from GDOT, FHWA, and Georgia Tech.

Actual operational responsibility for the 72 Program was assigned to the Center's Director, M.

John Moskaluk of Georgia Tech. Under his direction, the Center has continued to pursue the established objectives of the program. These objectives are: publication of a quarterly newsletter, provide technical assistance as requested, provide technical materials as requested, and develop and present technical workshops to meet the needs of local governments. To date, Georgia's 1 2 Program has been successful and all objectives have been and are being met.

METHODOLOGY

In late 1987, it was determined that an evaluation of the 72 Center's program should be made, and that such an evaluation should incorporate the users' views. Accordingly, by Agreement dated

November 16, 1987, this consultant was engaged to visit and interview an unspecified number of local governmental officials. The Consultant's objective was to determine the general effectiveness of the program and to develop general recommendations for the continuation of the program. Specifically, the

Agreement assigned three tasks as follows:

Task 1 Evaluate and Expand Awareness of the Center Task 2 Assess the Needs of Local Agencies

3 Task 3 Prepare a Final Report

To accomplish the objectives of this effort and to fulfill the tasks adequately within the fiscal restraints, it was determined that a minimum of five interviews would be made in each State District except in District Seven. No interviews were conducted in District Seven because of a previous agreement that the T2 Center should minimize its efforts in this District due to its predominately urban nature. Selection of those interviewed would be consistent with minimum travel times and distances with no particular attention given to a population/density stratification, budgetary considerations, or urban/rural configuration. It is obvious that any or all of these factors can have some influence in a highly scientific study. However, as the effort was more oriented to generalized perceptions, unstudied responses, estimated numbers, and opinions, it was concluded that such precise sampling techniques would constitute unwarranted effort and would be an unnecessary use of both time and fiscal resources.

The original concept was that each meeting would be arranged in advance with a specific person at a specific place and time. However, after an initial trial effort, during which it was found that such a procedure would not lend itself to efficient use of either time or travel, the meetings were arranged by simple telephone notification, advising that our representative would be at the interviewee's office at a specific time to discuss Technology Transfer. While some "misses" were expected and did occur, at least the interviewer was enroute to an adjacent county; and often when a "miss" occurred, someone else was available for discussion. On numerous occasions, the targeted individual did not feel that he/she was the proper person to respond to the various questions. In such instances, efforts were made to contact the "appropriate" person. However, If such person could not be located or if time constraints dictated, the interview with that particular agency was simply omitted. In all such instances, opportunity was taken to advise the individual(s) of the T2 Program and encourage their calling upon the

Center when or if assistance was needed.

Interviews were conducted on the basis of a previously prepared questionnaire (Appendix A). A detailed summary of questionnaire responses is contained in Appendix B, and the completed questionnaires are contained in Appendix C, which is submitted under separate cover. Special effort was made to adhere strictly to the questionnaire during the initial portion of the interview, so as not to bias responses. However, once the questionnaire was completed, opportunity was taken to elaborate on the services available through the Center and to encourage the agency to take advantage of the offerings.

It should be recognized that the selected approach generally caught the interviewee cold, and generally was an interruption into an already busy schedule. On numerous occasions, the interview fell within some on-going activity. Accordingly, some responses were rushed, off the cuff, and not well studied or thought through.

5 FINDINGS

As previously indicated, interviews were conducted with fifty-seven county and city officials serving in capacities as follows:

POSITION NUMBER County Commissioners 18 County Administrators 9 County Engineers 10 County Road Superintendents 10 County Clerks 1 City Managers 1 City Engineers/Public Works Directors 5 Traffic Engineers 2 TOTAL 57

Approximately twenty-five additional officials were contacted but declined to be interviewed as they considered themselves to be the inappropriate person to discuss the technology transfer programs.

These individuals were considered prime candidates upon which to expand awareness of the Center, and maximum use was made of the opportunities. (See Figure 1 for the statewide distribution of interviews.)

The above listed officials generally have responsibility for construction and maintenance of roadway systems within their jurisdiction. The State Highway System is, of course, excluded as GDOT accepts full responsibility for its construction and maintenance. Below are listed the mileages of the governmental entities interviewed as compared to Statewide totals:

Co. Rds. Co. Rds. Co. Rds. City State Unpaved Paved Total Streets Routes

Counties 8423 12231 20654 3618 4672 Interviewed

Statewide 36980 39744 76724 11894 17813 While a total of approximately 1900 employees are engaged in roadway related activities in the counties interviewed, the majority of respondees considered themselves understaffed for performance of their responsibilities. Equipment was considered only minimal for their program. However, there is not a consistency in local agency activity. Interviews indicated a broad range of activity; thus, the acknowledged level of responsibility extended from a grader/dump truck operation, basically accepting responsibility for only grading dirt roads and patching potholes, all the way to a sophisticated operation

6 Including activities such as an asphalt plant, spreaders, and heavy construction equipment. Other counties maintain existing facilities and grade and drain new facilities, but look to GDOT for paving capability. Obviously, development of a 1 2 Program to provide training services over such a wide spectrum of existing proficiency is indeed challenging.

Each of the Center's activities, i.e., Newsletter, Technical Assistance and Technical Materials, and Workshops is discussed below.

Newsletter

The newsletter, 'TECH TRANS", Is received by forty-eight of the fifty-seven officials interviewed.

Nine officials did not receive personally, but generally Indicated confidence that a copy came to their organization. Thirty-seven recipients read and circulated the newsletter to their staff, while eleven file their copy for future reference.

Twenty-nine respondees indicated that the document was excellent and that the hints, ideas and reminders made it very interesting and valuable to them. Two indicated that a principal value was in notification of availability of traffic counters, video tapes and other technical materials. Others commented on excellent articles on such topics as herbicides, equipment, and new research. The announcements and reminders regarding upcoming activities was also noted as an important feature. A total of forty-one officials indicated 'TECH TRANS* to be of significant value to their agency.

Thirty-eight officials indicated the newsletter should not be modified. Three suggested that emphasis be placed on the basics, as the rural counties were in greater need. Others asked for more information on herbicides and traffic engineering. One asked for more technical content and another suggested the articles be given a summary caption to catch attention. Overall response to the newsletter was very favorable with an enthusiastic request for more of the same.

Technical Assistance and Technical Materials

As indicated in previous reports, a large number of the governmental officials interviewed were not aware of technical assistance and technical materials components of the program. Of the fifty-seven

8 interviews conducted, seventeen respondees indicated that they were "not aware," ten indicated "no need for these services to date" and nine indicated "rely on State." Based on informal discussions subsequent to the interviews, it appears that in reality, practically all interviewees fall into the "rely on

State" category, at least to some extent. GDOT is to be commended for the excellent quality of service provided. While a few officials commented that GDOTs response time had increased over the last few years, all were very appreciative of the excellent quality of services rendered. As determined in the initial stages of the T2 program in Georgia, the Center's role in Technical Assistance and Technical Materials should be to augment, supplement, and possibly expand the availability of the services. The

Department's personnel are perceived as local folks, who are approachable and capable, and they are already intimately familiar with many of the problems. Certainly, no changes should be considered.

This is not to imply that the Center's efforts in these activity areas are not fruitful. Ten interviewees indicated past usage of both services and all users indicated total satisfaction with the

Center's response. Technical assistance and materials were requested and furnished in such subject areas as Bridges, Traffic Counting, Computers, Surface Treatment, Traffic Engineering, Guardrail, Videos, and School Crossing Warrants. Several additional respondees indicated intent to pursue certain opera- tional problems with the Center, as time and work load permitted. It was noted that in almost all instances wherein the Center has been approached, the user was a professional engineering type. One respondee commented that the non-professional would be more reluctant to call on an "unknown" when a "known" was available. The Center's Technical Assistance and Materials components are providing much needed service at the local level and should continue to respond as appropriate upon request.

Comments relating to improving these services were few, as the users were well pleased with past performance, and the non-users were totally satisfied with existing arrangements. However, some observations were made that the Center needed to become better known. Local officials can relate and identify much better with an individual or individuals than with an institution. Periodic visitation at county level would be desired. However, recognizing staff and fiscal limitations, an interim approach suggested by several County Commissioners would be periodic attendance at County Administrators' meetings and

Area Planning and Development Commissions (APDC) Board meetings. Assurances were given that periodic presentations by Center staff would be welcomed and appreciated. However, care should be taken, as too much "horn tooting" could create a demand exceeding the Center's capability to respond.

9 Workshops

The workshop component of the program is the most recognized activity of the 1' 2 program.

Forty-eight of the fifty-seven respondees had previously attended one or more workshops. On the whole they considered this effort excellent. The only adverse comments on the workshop component were:

Some portions were too technically oriented.' 'Some portions were too basic." "Need more hands-on training?

A suggestion offered on twenty-two occasions advocated augmentation of the program with establishment of a "tailgate" presentation concept. Particularly in the smaller rural counties, it is difficult to release supervisory personnel to attend a one or two day workshop due to the resulting decrease in productivity. In contrast, the County Commissioners involved indicated a strong willingness to pull in the entire road crew for a two to four hour subject specific course that could be immediately applied. The

Center is encouraged to pursue this concept.

Specific results of the interviews as they apply to workshops are discussed in the following paragraphs.

Forty-eight of the interviewees indicated that they had attended workshops. Only nine indicated that they had not attended. Generally, these individuals were top administrative officials. Forty-nine indicated that others in their organization had attended, and the same number indicated that the workshops had been of value to them. Comments on the workshops were very positive with eleven individuals indicating that such activities have improved both quality and quantity of work performed.

Others commented that attendance and association with peers enhanced the self-perception of those who attended. This direct association resulted in increased pride in work performance. Four indicated that this was the only available way for most counties to get formal training. Several commented on the merits of specific workshops such as Tort Liability, Roadway Maintenance, and Right-of-Way Acquisition.

Specific comments are: "we have re-evaluated our program in view of potential liability;" "we have begun a roadway evaluation program;" the county has started a herbicide program' "our bridge repair program has greatly improved;" and "the county is undertaking a plant mix program on our own?

10 Forty-four respondees indicated that locations for workshops have been good. Forty-five considered the frequency and size to be good to excellent, and forty-five indicated that the subject material of past workshops was good to excellent. The remainder either could not respond due to non- attendance or indicated that such workshops would be more effective at the county level.

Numerous suggestions were made as to workshop subjects that would be of value to their agencies. The subjects are listed in descending order of frequency of response. The number of times suggested is given in the brackets, ( ).

Safety (13) Flagmen Certification (11) MUTCD (11) Basics (Patching, ditch pulling, sealing, etc.) (9) Herbicides (9) Preventive Maintenance (9) Tort Liability (9) Equipment Operators' Training (7) Drainage (5) Public Relations (4) Right-of-way Acquisition (4) Roadway Maintenance (4) Bridge Inspection and Maintenance (3) Bridges—Wood (3) Construction and Maintenance—City Oriented (3) Computer Training (3) Storm Water Management (3) Utilities (3) Field Demonstrations (2) Guardrail Installation (2) Life-cycle Analysis—Equipment and Roadway (2) Master Plan Development (2) Patching (2) Soil Erosion and Sediment Control (2) Subdivision Regulations and Enforcement (2) Supervisory Training (2) Asphalt Plant Inspection (1) Bridge Construction (simplified for counties) (1) County Standards (1) Estimating Procedures (1) Planning Workshop (1) Railroad Crossing Warrants (1) Roadside Vegetation Management (1) Roadway Inventory Procedures (1) Soil Compaction Testing (1) Soil Stabilization (1) State/Local Interaction (1) Street Lighting (1) Surveying (1) Traffic Analysis (1) Traffic Control (1) Traffic Engineering (1) Zoning Ordinances and Enforcement (1)

11 Obviously, the above list can be consolidated or compressed into a more manageable one; however, in developing specific workshops, the detailed list may be of value in the formulation of future workshops. Based on results of the interviews, it appears that priority efforts for the workshop program should address Safety, Flagmen Certification, MUTCD, Basics, Herbicides, Preventive Maintenance, Tort

Liability, and Equipment Operators Training.

Selected General Subjects

In response to locals being aware of and familiar with the 1 2 Program and the respective roles of

Federal, State, and the T2 Center, fifty officials Indicated that they were and seven either were not aware or would not respond.

Forty individuals had no suggestions regarding improvement of the Program. Ten reiterated their previous suggestion for augmentation of the program with more localized, subject specific, short courses or workshops. Two indicated that more personal exposure of 1 2 Center staff would be worthwhile, and five either could not or did not respond.

Ranking of the four program components in order of Importance, by thirty-seven respondees, was 1) Workshops (W), 2) Newsletters (N), 3) Technical Assistance (A), and 4) Technical Materials (M), with the last two being almost equal in relative importance. Nine officials ranked the components as

WNMA, three ranked as WANM, and a single respondee suggested WMAN. Seven did not respond.

Regarding suggestions for evaluation or measurement of the Program's value to the local agencies, a single respondee estimated a three to five percent improvement in the productivity of his agency, but the remainder had no quantitative methodology to offer.

Fifty-two local officials could advise of no neglected activity areas in which the Center could or should be involved. The remainder offered the following comments:

Need on-site training In basic construction and maintenance activities (patching, surface treatment, ditch pulling, etc.).

12 Center could advise locals of any regulations that would affect their operations.

Need help in use of local materials used in construction. Also need assistance in sub-division control.

Provide information on new materials and concepts.

12 Set up "Job Register of qualified Road Superintendents and foremen available for employment.

Video lectures and selected classroom presentations at Georgia Tech for use by locals.

Work with Area Planning and Development Commissions on selected presentations.

Provide more localized training opportunities in addition to the on-going program.

Based on the interviews as previously described and the response by local officials, recommendations for consideration in future T2 Program activities are as follows in the next section.

RECOMMENDATIONS

In the newsletter, consideration should be given to incorporating more articles on Georgia's local procedures, practices or processes. Recognizing that this has been done from time to time, it is perceived that such reports have vastly more credence than similar activities reported from other states.

Obviously, staff time would be required. One representative example is the cooperation among five counties to jointly purchase a hydro-seeder to solve their individual erosion problems. None of the counties could afford the purchase price of a hydro-seeder, consequently, the five counties jointly

purchased a machine and jointly pay a full time operator. Presently, each county furnishes its own

materials, however, they are exploring the possibility of bulk purchasing. Another example of this type in the cooperation among counties is the joint use of a pug-mill for cold-mix preparation in North Georgia.

Possibly articles of this type would encourage joint participation by other counties.

Consideration should be given to the Center serving as focal point to bring together appropriate

selected representation to "brainstorm" selected subjects. Recommended subjects as suggested by

county officials to date are: County Needs, Public Works Standards, and Quality Measuring Techniques.

However, the concept could be applied to a limitless number of additional subjects.

The fee structure assessed for workshop attendance should receive further consideration. It is

perceived by some officials as being counter productive, as it may preclude attendance by the more

rural counties, the very clients that are most in need of the Center's services. "One free slot" per agency was suggested by only one interviewee, but warrants serious consideration. While this matter was not

specifically surveyed, several local officials commented that the fee structure would affect attendance or

13 number of attendees. Also, the $50 fees are high in comparison with the traditional $10/$15 charged by the University of Georgia for governmental courses.

Consideration should be given to a Center representative attending County Administrators

Meetings and APDC Board Meetings at least annually.

The Center should consider encouraging local governments to use standard State specifications with the Center serving as distributor and interpreter.

Consideration should be given to the Center becoming the repository for standard plans and products and materials evaluations.

Consider a periodic publication listing published material and visual aids available from the

Center. A brief description of content of visual aids should be included.

Consider implementation of the "tail gate" concept training format. The shorter subject specific workshops given at local level should receive wide support, especially from the more rural counties.

Consider on-site training opportunities utilizing existing county forces. For example, a field lecture and field demonstration on pot-hole patching, or an on-site demonstration of proper crown shaping and ditch pulling would be more meaningful than a classroom description.

Recommend that the Center assume the role of keeping locals advised of State and Federal regulations that may affect local governments. Also, the Center could periodically remind counties of their specific responsibilities with respect to a regulation or policy. An example is the relatively recent

Flagmen Certification requirements that apply to work on the State Highway System. Some counties were not aware of these requirements even though they perform some duties on or adjacent to the State

Highways; i.e., driveway cuts.

Recommend exploration of the feasibility of video-taping lectures and selected classroom presentations for use by local agencies.

Recommend formulation and presentation of workshops generally in the subject areas as suggested by local officials.

Recommend for long range consideration that the Center, together with supporting agencies, encourage legislative enactment of a Professional Engineering Law, which encourages, if not mandates, the employment of professional expertise. It is felt by the author that, in conjunction with the purpose of

14 the TZ program, local governments' existing resources could be more effectively and efficiently applied with professional guidance.

In future evaluation efforts, consideration should be given to the use of a more thorough

interview process, i.e., early discussion session followed at a later date by a detailed interview.

15 APPENDIX A Blank Questionnaire TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER DATA SHEET

NAME DATE TITLE AGENCY PHONE ADDRESS

BACKGROUND INFORMATION ON AGENCY • o NUMBER OF AGENCY PERSONNEL o NUMBER OF TRANSPORTATION PERSONNEL

Position/Title Classification Experience (yrs)

Available Equipment

Roadway Mileage

Public Transportation Yes No Number of Buses

Annual Agency Budget Annual Transportation Budget

EXPERIENCE WITH TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROGRAM

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE Technology Transf-r Data Sheet Page 2 SPECIFIC KNOWLEDGE

NEWSLETTER Do you receive the Tech Trans? Yes No Disposal or use

Has the Newsletter been of value to you or your agency? Describe.

How could the Newsletter be modified to be of more value?

Further comments- Technology Transfer Data Sheet Page 3

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE Have you utalized the Technical Assistance component of the program? Yes No Describe-

Has this service been of value?

How can this service element be improved?

Further comments- ' Technology Transfer Data Sheet Page 4

TECHNICAL MATERIALS Have you or. your agency used the Technical Materials component of the program? Yes No

What materials have you requested? Received Not

How can this service of the program be improved?

Further comment- Technology Transfer Data Sheet Page 5

TRAINING (WORKSHOPS)

Have you participated in Technology Transfer workshops? Yes No

Have others in your agency participated? Yes No Who?

Have the workshops been of value to you and your agency? Yes No Describe-

Based on your experience, what are your comments or recommendetions regarding: Workshop location-

Frequency, size and/or location-

Subject Material-

Other subject areas for workshops you consider important--

Your agen-cysuggestions for revised format to better serve your GENERAL SUBJECT AREAS FOR DISCUSSION WITH SELECTED INDIVIDUALS AS APPROPRIATE

1. Technology Transfer Program -- are locals aware and familiar with the program? Also, the roles of Federal, State, and T2 Center?

2. Innovative ideas relating to improvement of the Program and its ability to provide needed services.

3. The local feeling regarding the Program and the relative importance of the four services (Newsletters, Assistance, Materials, and Workshops) being provided.

4. Suggestions regarding evaluation or measurement of the Program's values to the locals.

5. Neglected activity areas in which the center could or should be involved.

6. The need for locals to react to the Program. The Federal, State, and the Center needs local response to the specifics of the Program. APPENDIX B Summary of Questionnaire Data SUMMARY OF QUESTIONNAIRE DATA

General Interview Data

Interviews conducted 57 County personnel 48 Others (city and city/county) 9 Counties surveyed 45

Agency Background Data

Transportation personnel in respondees' counties 1907 Counties' roadway mileage Paved 12,231 Unpaved 8,423 Total 20,654 Public transportation systems within counties 5 Annual average roadway budget in respondees' counties $67,991,000

Technology Transfer Program Data

Generally knowledgeable of T2 Program 54 Receives TECH TRANS newsletter 48 Retains TECH TRANS for personal use 11 Circulates or passes on 37 TECH TRANS of value to agency 41 No suggestions for modification of TECH TRANS 41 Suggestions for TECH TRANS 7

Use Technical Assistance and Materials (TA&M) 10 No knowledge of TA&M 17 Agencies that "rely on state* for TA&M 9 No need for" TA&M 10 TA&M of value to agency 10 Suggestions on TA&M 0

Prior participation in workshops 48 Other agency members attend 49 Workshops of value to agency 49 Workshop locations good to excellent 44 Recommend local workshops 22 Frequency and size good to excellent 45 Subject materials good to excellent 45 Existing format good to excellent 36

Response to Specific Subject Areas

Knowledgeable of program and Federal, State, and T2 Center's roles 49 Not familiar 8

Innovative ideas relating to program: No suggestions 40 Further comment on need for some local orientation 10 Center needs more exposure 2 No response 5 Ranking by relative Importance of program components-- Newsletter (N), Technical Assistance (A), Technical Materials (M), and Workshops (W) WNAM 37 WN MA 9 WANM 3 WMAN 1 No response 7

Neglected activities Center should undertake: Specific recommendation (included in report) 5 No suggestions 52

Need for active response to program: Recognize or understand 55 No response 2 APPENDIX C Completed Questionnaires

Note: These questionnaires were submitted previously under separate cover to GDOT, Office of Materials Research. APPENDIX D Evaluation Questionnaire Summary

Note: Appendix D summarizes a GDOT Technology Transfer Center Evaluation Questionnaire prepared and conducted subsequent to preparation of this report. The response was unquestionably excellent and provides considerable additional high quality data relating to the Technology Transfer Program. D.O.T. 68

DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION STATE OF GEORGIA

INTERDEPARTMENT CORRESPONDENCE

FILE OFFICE Materials & Research Forest Park, Georgia DATE August 24, 1988

FROM Peter Malphurs, State Materials & Research Engineer

TO Hal Rives, Commissioner

SUBJECT Georgia Tech Technology Transfer Center Evaluation Questionnaire Summary

I have received completed questionnaires from 76 counties for a 48% return. Responses were also received from 11 cities. Of the 87 responses, 66 want the program to continue, 10 are neutral, and 11 do not want the program to continue. A county outline map is attached showing the responses for all counties except four which were unknown. We were looking for any pattern which might show up, but none was found. A distribution of responses by county population is included as Attachment 2. Eighteen of the 22 most populous counties (greater than 50,000) responded with 17 of the 18 wanting the program to continue. Responses dropped as population decreased with a higher proportion of these counties having less interest in the program.

Attachment 3 is a copy of the questionnaire with responses totalled. Question 2 asks about any increase in productivity due to the Technology Transfer Program. Eleven responses showed a 10-15% increase, 24 a 5-9%

increase, 25 a 1 - 4% increase, and only 5 indicating no increase in productivity.

The idea of conducting workshops at individual county shops was very popular. All 71 of those who completed the whole questionnaire indicated that they would be willing to attend a 2-hour workshop.

Attachment 4 is a summary of the programs counties would like to see and other general comments. They suggested a number of topics which will give the Technology Transfer Center ideas for new workshops. The most popular topics were bridges, pavement design and pavement maintenance. Under general comments, ten questionnaires specifically mentioned that workshops should be offered locally.

Attachment 5 is a summary of the questionnaires by county and is included for your information.

PM:PBM:ccj

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Legend: _2 Counties that replied, YES - "program to continue"*, 66 Counties neutral, reply blank, - "program to continue", 10 Counties that replied NO - "program to continue", 11 * question 4. in questionnaire, "Should the T 2 Center continue to provide services to cities and counties?" ATTACHMENT 2

GDOT SUMMARY OF GA. TECH , T 2 CENTER EVALUATION QUESTIONNAIRE

Counties, population > 50,000 Counties, population > 20,000

1980 1980 1980 1980 County Ranking Population County Ranking Population

Tillton 589,904 Spalding 23 47,899 2 483,024 Bartow 24 40,760 _ , 3 297,694 jr.Columbia 25 40,118 PIChathalm 4 202,226 Coweta 26 39,268 ":%::Richmond 181,629. i^ Bullock - 27 38,785 =Niistagee' 6 170,108 61ftmes 28 38,098 2:4Apinnett 7 166,903 Liberty 29 37,583 4-,Sibto " 8 151,085 -Blare 30 37,180 9 150,357 Catoosa 31 36,991 C:Dougherty 10 100,978 Laurens 32 36,900 Floyd 11 79,800 a.. Rockdale 33 36,747 Houston 12 77,605 Henry 34 36,309 is-Ball 13 75,649 Colquitt 35 35,376 'Clarke 14 74,498 Baldwin 36 34,686 fAJowndet 15 67,972 Newton 37 34,389 16 65,780 Tift 38 32,862 Walker 17 56,470 Polk 39 32,386 Carroll 18 56,346 Walton 40 31,211 Glynn 19 54,981 Cordon 41 30,070 ; Douglas 20 54,573 Sumter 42 29,360 Cherokee 21 51,699 Fayette 43 29,043 Troup 22 50,003 Forsyth 44 27,958 Coffee 45 26,894 Pauldir g 46 26,042 • Upson 47 25,998 Decatur 48 25,495 Jackson 49 25,343 Habershau 50 25,020 Toombs 51 22,592 Chattooga 52 21,856 Stephens 53 21,763 Chattahoochee 54 21,732 LBarrow 55 21,293 Meriwether 56 21,229 Mitchell 57 21,114 `4.-Emanuel 58 20,795 Wayne 59 20,750

Legend:

Counties that replied, YES - "program to continue"*, 66

I Counties neutral, reply blank, - "Program to continue", 10

Counties that replied NO - "program to continue", 11

* question 4. in questionnaire, "Should the T 2 Center continue to provide services to cities and counties?"

Summarized by Research & Development Bureau, Office of Materials & Research 25 August 1988 Summary, continued

Counties, population > 10, 000 Counties, population < 10,000 1980 1980 1980 1980 County Ranking Population County Ranking Population

lig:3NURWA 60 19,845 Randolph 112 9,599 SiMurrierit 61 19,685 AliAtirsor.,...- 113 9,510 Crisp 62 19,489 $miariiidock'-* 114 9,466 Burke 63 19,349 Union 115 9,390 Peach 64 19,151 Bacon 116 9,379 MONICIUMIVIX 65 18,842 Tviggs 117 9,354 66 18,758 Seminole 118 9,057 Hart 67 18,585 P*2rwin 4"4"-- 119 8,988 ItZneDuffia._ 68 18,546 Oglethorpe 120 8,929 Vearalson, 69 18,422 Pulaski 121 8,950 11:radialallwa 70 18,403 Pike 122 8,937 - Effingham 71 18,327 V Jenkins 123 8,841 Tattnall 72 18,134 Banks 124 8,702 Worth 73 18,064 Brantley 125 8,701 Madison 74 17,747 Johnson 126 8,660 Dodge 75 16,955 Evans 127 8,428 --jones 76 16,579 McIntosh 128 8,046 Ben Hill 77 16,000 ":Taylor 129 7,902 Appling 78 15,565 I Crawford 130 7,684 0-"itarris 79 15,464 Wilcox 131 7,682 Brooks 80 15,255 Jasper 132 7,553 81 15,185 Candler 133 7,518 Fannin 82 14,748 Charlton 134 7,343 Monroe 83 14,610 Mi11et. 135 7,038 Screven 84 14,043 Montgomery 136 7,011 D6.4.A1Wcon 4 85 14,003 Lincoln 137 6,949 Butts 86 13,665 Clinch 138 6,660 Berrien 87 13,525 Warren 139 6,583 Cook 88 13,490 Talbot 140 6,536 Camden 89 13,371 tmileard--;:i, 141 6,520 k...Sarly-- 90 13,158 Atkinson 142 6,141 1W-ecoaaa 91 12,427 irTreutlen 143 6,087 Dade 92 12,318 PowStewart- -. 144 5,896 Lamar 93 12,215 Calhoun 145 5,717 Terrell 94 12,017 etwianuziatz 146 5,654 Pkalarce , 95 11,897 Towns 147 5,638 ORMOMmAW, 96 11,684 Marion 148 5,297 Pickens 97 11,652 utter- 149 5,155 Morgan 98 11,572 Dawson 150 4,774 mor=r D‘modisl• 99 11,473 Long 151 4,525 • Telfair 100 11,445 Baker 152 3,808 Greene 101 11,391 eMetiorf 153 3,553

Gilmer 102 11,110 towi► tahliar - 154 3,433 teqUallasoprof 103 10,951 Glascock 155 2,382 Dooly 104 10,826 Quitman 156 2,357 6Prfftecirkey,-, 105 10,767 Webster 157 2,341 Lumpkin 106 10,762 Echols 158 2,297 Rabun 107 10,466 Taliaferro 159 2,032 Wilkinson 108 10,369 Putnam 109 10,295 Bryan 110 10,175 White 111 10,120

8/24/88 ATTACHMENT 3

GDOT SUMMARY OF RESPONSE

GEORGIA TECH TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER

EVALUATION QUESTIONNAIRE

1. Has your jurisdiction used the services of the T 2 Center?

Yes 66 No 21

If No, why not?

If Yes, what services have you used?

55 Attended T2 Workshops 58 Received and Read Newsletter 27 Received Publications and/or Technical Assistance.

2. Have the services of the 1 2 Center been of value?

Yes 62 No 9

If No, why not?

If Yes, how have the services of the T 2 Center changed the Transporta- tion related work productivity of you agency?

11 10-15% Increase in Productivity 24 5-9% Increase in Productivity 25 1-4% Increase in Productivity 5 0% Little or No Increase in Productivity

3. Rank the services that have resulted in increased productivity. Put "0" if of no value.

53 Workshops 48 Newsletters Totals Only - See Attachment 5 40 Publications for ranking 32 Assistance 4. Should the TL Center continue to provide services to cities and counties?

Yes 66 No 11

5. If it continues, should the 1 2 Center provide workshops that could be conducted at your shop?

Yes 69 No 11 If Yes, would you be willing to send (allow) your Roadway Crew to attend a two-hour workshop?

Yes 71 No

6. What other topics or programs could be offered that would benefit you?

See Attachment 4. ATTACHMENT 4 8/22/88

GDOT SUMMARY OF GEORGIA TECH TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER CENTER EVALUATION QUESTIONNAIRE

Summary of Counties' Responses on Question 6.: "What other topics or programs could be offered that would benefit you?"

Information is listed alphabetically by subjects and the number of times men- tioned by different counties so noted. General comments are preserted at the end.

Bridges: Inspection (3); Maintenance (3); Repair (3), of wooden bridges (1) Construction: Contract Administration; Supervision and Testing Data Management/Computer Training Drainage (2) Equipment Maintenance (1), Heavy Equipment Maintenance (1) Guardrail, including bridge approaches Liability Hydrology training Mapping & CAD related to surveying . Pavement Design: Roadways (3), Streets (2) and Intersections; Rehabilitation Alternatives; CAD; Base Applications Pavement Evaluation: Road Inventory systems; operations Pavement Maintenance: Roads (4); Dirt Roads (4); and Dust Control Potholes (2) Risk Management Right of Way, acquiral Traffic Safety (2): Traffic Ccrtrol; Flagging & Sealing Off Roads, Worksite Safety Traffic Signs (2) and Signals & Sign Theft Prevention Transportation: Design; Engineering Utility Cuts and Repairs Vegetation, Roadside: Establishment; Management (2); Mowing, Shoulders Waste: Energy Programs; water applications to land

General Comments: . Workshops should be offered locally (10) . T 2 personnel need to be "in the field" for more personal help . Workshops for maintenance and construction personnel . Technical assistance is the most important service . Public Works, the term, needs to be defined re normal and frequency . T 2 needs better library for completed research on safety programs . VCR training films need for local training classes (2) . Publications/Information on GDOT accepted methods/materials . System for sharing ideas/problems between counties of comparative size with similar problems . Waive registration fees . Comprehensive funding packages for improvements GDOT SUMMARY OF GA TECH T 2 CENTER EVALUATION QUESTIONNAIRE

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