Reading Strategies and Literary Elements
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The Individual Inventor Motif in the Age of the Patent Troll
Cotropia: THE INDIVIDUAL INVENTOR MOTIF THE INDIVIDUAL INVENTOR MOTIF IN THE AGE OF THE PATENT TROLL Christopher A. Cotropia* 12 YALE J.L. & TECH. 52 (2009) ABSTRACT The individual inventor motif has been part of American patent law since its inception. The question is whether the recent patent troll hunt has damaged the individual inventor's image and, in turn, caused Congress, the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), and the courts to become less concerned with patent law's impact on the small inventor. This Article explores whether there has been a change in attitude by looking at various sources from legislative, administrative, and judicial actors in the patent system, such as congressional statements and testimony in discussions of the recent proposed patent reform legislation, the USPTO's two recently proposedsets ofpatent rules and responses to comments on those rules, and recent Supreme Court patent decisions. These sources indicate that the rhetoric of the motif has remained unchanged, but its substantive impact is essentially nil. The motif has done little to stave off the increasingly anti- individual-inventor changes in substantive patent law. This investigation also provides a broader insight into the various governmental institutions' roles in patent law by illustrating how different institutions have responded-or not responded-to the use of the individual inventor motif in legal andpolicy arguments. * Professor of Law, Intellectual Property Institute, University of Richmond Law School. Thanks to Kevin Collins, Jim Gibson, Jack Preis, Arti Rai, Josh Sarnoff, and the participants at the Patents and Entrepreneurship in Business and Information Technologies symposium hosted at George Washington University Law School for their comments and suggestions on an earlier draft. -
AP English Literature Required Reading
Kerr High School AP English Literature Summer Reading 2019 Welcome to AP Literature! I’m fairly certain you are parched and thirsty for some juicy reading after a year of analyzing speeches and arguments, so let us jump right in. After months of deliberation and careful consideration, I have chosen several pieces from as far back as 429 BC Athens, to 1200 AD Scotland, venturing on to Africa 1800s, and finishing up in 20th century Chicago. Grab your literary passport and join me as we meet various tragic heroes and discover their tragic flaws and tragic mistakes. You will learn the difference between an Aristotelian tragic hero and a Shakespearean tragic hero, not to mention gain a whole bunch of insight into the human condition and learn some ancient Greek in the process. I made sure each piece is available in PDF online. If you choose to use the online documents, be certain you are able to annotate and have quick access to the annotated text for class discussions. The only AP 4 summer writing you will do is five reading record cards. Four of your reading record cards could include all of the required summer reading pieces. It is my expectation that you earnestly read, annotate, and ponder each of the required pieces and be ready to launch into discussion after your summer reading exam. Heavily annotated notes on the four attached tragic hero articles and your handwritten reading record cards will count as one major grade and are due Thursday, August 15, by 3:00 pm. Instructions for the reading record cards are attached. -
Complete Catalog of the Motivic Material In
Complete Catalog of the Motivic Material in Star Wars Leitmotif Criteria 1) Distinctiveness: Musical idea has a clear and unique melody, without being wholly derived from, subsidiary section within, or attached to, another motif. 2) Recurrence: Musical idea is intentionally repeated in more than three discrete cues (including cut or replaced cues). 3) Variation: Musical idea’s repetitions are not exact. 4) Intentionality: Musical idea’s repetitions are compositionally intentional, and do not require undue analytical detective work to notice. Principal Leitmotif Criteria (Indicated in boldface) 5) Abundance: Musical idea occurs in more than one film, and with more than ten iterations overall. 6) Meaningfulness: Musical idea attaches to an important subject or symbol, and accrues additional meaning through repetition in different contexts. 7) Development: Musical idea is not only varied, but subjected to compositionally significant development and transformation across its iterations. Incidental Motifs: Not all themes are created equal. Materials that are repeated across distinct cues but that do not meet criteria for proper leitmotifs are included within a category of Incidental Motifs. Most require additional explanation, which is provided in third column of table. Leit-harmonies, leit-timbres, and themes for self-contained/non-repeating set-pieces are not included in this category, no matter how memorable or iconic. Naming and Listing Conventions Motifs are listed in order of first clear statement in chronologically oldest film, according to latest release [Amazon.com streaming versions used]. For anthology films, abbreviations are used, R for Rogue One and S for Solo. Appearances in cut cues indicated by parentheses. Hyperlinks lead to recordings of clear or characteristic usages of a given theme. -
Literary Elements Name Period Date
Literary Elements Name Period Date Literary elements are what make up the backbone of almost every single story created. A literary element is a broad topic which describes the attributes of a story. These elements are used to create a story in an interesting fashion. Literary elements are divided into many smaller categories. These categories are the better known terms. These include conflict, foreshadowing, climax, irony, theme, motif, etc. Literary elements are often used by famous story writers such as Edgar Allen Poe, Roald Dahl, and many others. Three of the most important elements, that make stories interesting, are foreshadowing, climaxes, and motifs. The first literary element is foreshadowing. Foreshadowing is what helps come up with ideas of what will occur later on. Foreshadowing is widely used in many films such as The Avengers. This occurs when the character Loki states, “No, you have already brought the monster…” This leads to the conclusion that there is someone on board who Loki plans on using. Foreshadowing also appears in the famous story “The Cask of Amontillado.” It is apparent when the character Montressor states, “… and I to your long life.” This makes me think that Fortuanato was not going to be alive for much longer. Foreshadowing also appears in the short story “The Stolen Party.” In which a character tells the main girl, “… because I am her cousin, and I know all her friends, and I don’t know you.” This forms the idea that maybe that girl is right after all. Without foreshadowing, stories would be left bland and boring. -
A Thematic Approach to Emerging Narrative Structure Charlie Hargood David E
A Thematic Approach to Emerging Narrative Structure Charlie Hargood David E. Millard Mark J. Weal Learning Societies Lab Learning Societies Lab Learning Societies Lab School of Electronics and School of Electronics and School of Electronics and Computer Science Computer Science Computer Science University of Southampton University of Southampton University of Southampton +44 (0)23 8059 7208 +44 (0)23 8059 5567 +44 (0)23 8059 9400 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] ABSTRACT information representation that are well established as an In this paper we look at the possibility of using a thematic model engaging way of representing an experience. Narrative generation of narrative to find emergent structure in tagged collections. We is a field that seeks to explore alternative representations of propose that a thematic underpinning could provide the narrative narrative, and investigate the possibility of automatically direction which can often be a problem with stories from existing generating custom stories from information collections. There are narrative generation methods, and present a thematic model of a wide variety of different techniques for narrative generation narrative built of narrative atoms and their features, motifs and ranging from structured narrative grammars to emergent themes. We explore the feasibility of our approach by examining narratives. However the narratives generated can seem flat, how collaborative tags in online collections match these lacking engagement and direction. properties, and find that while tags match across the model the In our work we are exploring a thematic approach to solving some majority are higher level (matching broader themes and motifs of the problems with narrative generation. -
The Virtual Worlds of Japanese Cyberpunk
arts Article New Spaces for Old Motifs? The Virtual Worlds of Japanese Cyberpunk Denis Taillandier College of International Relations, Ritsumeikan University, Kyoto 603-8577, Japan; aelfi[email protected] Received: 3 July 2018; Accepted: 2 October 2018; Published: 5 October 2018 Abstract: North-American cyberpunk’s recurrent use of high-tech Japan as “the default setting for the future,” has generated a Japonism reframed in technological terms. While the renewed representations of techno-Orientalism have received scholarly attention, little has been said about literary Japanese science fiction. This paper attempts to discuss the transnational construction of Japanese cyberpunk through Masaki Goro’s¯ Venus City (V¯ınasu Shiti, 1992) and Tobi Hirotaka’s Angels of the Forsaken Garden series (Haien no tenshi, 2002–). Elaborating on Tatsumi’s concept of synchronicity, it focuses on the intertextual dynamics that underlie the shaping of those texts to shed light on Japanese cyberpunk’s (dis)connections to techno-Orientalism as well as on the relationships between literary works, virtual worlds and reality. Keywords: Japanese science fiction; cyberpunk; techno-Orientalism; Masaki Goro;¯ Tobi Hirotaka; virtual worlds; intertextuality 1. Introduction: Cyberpunk and Techno-Orientalism While the inversion is not a very original one, looking into Japanese cyberpunk in a transnational context first calls for a brief dive into cyberpunk Japan. Anglo-American pioneers of the genre, quite evidently William Gibson, but also Pat Cadigan or Bruce Sterling, have extensively used high-tech, hyper-consumerist Japan as a motif or a setting for their works, so that Japan became in the mid 1980s the very exemplification of the future, or to borrow Gibson’s (2001, p. -
ELEMENTS of FICTION – NARRATOR / NARRATIVE VOICE Fundamental Literary Terms That Indentify Components of Narratives “Fiction
Dr. Hallett ELEMENTS OF FICTION – NARRATOR / NARRATIVE VOICE Fundamental Literary Terms that Indentify Components of Narratives “Fiction” is defined as any imaginative re-creation of life in prose narrative form. All fiction is a falsehood of sorts because it relates events that never actually happened to people (characters) who never existed, at least not in the manner portrayed in the stories. However, fiction writers aim at creating “legitimate untruths,” since they seek to demonstrate meaningful insights into the human condition. Therefore, fiction is “untrue” in the absolute sense, but true in the universal sense. Critical Thinking – analysis of any work of literature – requires a thorough investigation of the “who, where, when, what, why, etc.” of the work. Narrator / Narrative Voice Guiding Question: Who is telling the story? …What is the … Narrative Point of View is the perspective from which the events in the story are observed and recounted. To determine the point of view, identify who is telling the story, that is, the viewer through whose eyes the readers see the action (the narrator). Consider these aspects: A. Pronoun p-o-v: First (I, We)/Second (You)/Third Person narrator (He, She, It, They] B. Narrator’s degree of Omniscience [Full, Limited, Partial, None]* C. Narrator’s degree of Objectivity [Complete, None, Some (Editorial?), Ironic]* D. Narrator’s “Un/Reliability” * The Third Person (therefore, apparently Objective) Totally Omniscient (fly-on-the-wall) Narrator is the classic narrative point of view through which a disembodied narrative voice (not that of a participant in the events) knows everything (omniscient) recounts the events, introduces the characters, reports dialogue and thoughts, and all details. -
Literary Motif of Pain in the Framework of Cognitive Narratology
Science and Education a New Dimension. Philology, VII(60), Issue: 204, 2019 Sept. www.seanewdim.com Literary motif of pain in the framework of cognitive narratology I. O. Koliesnik Kyiv National Linguistic University Paper received 25.08.19; Revised 07.09.19; Accepted for publication 11.09.19. https://doi.org/10.31174/SEND-Ph2019-204VII60-11 Abstract. This article investigates the literary motif of pain with regards to current findings of cognitive narratology and the philosophy of mind, used to highlight the conceptual nature of this phenomenon. Recurrent identifiable patterns of the said motif are likely, as this research suggests, to reveal not only its complicated internal structure in the narrative realization, but also serve as another compelling proof of the human mind operating in a pattern-recognition mode. The article expounds the above idea by presenting a case-study of E. Hemingway’s “For Whom the Bell Tolls” in terms of the motif of pain. Keywords: literary motif, cognitive narratology, pattern, narrative, pattern-recognition mode, pain. Any perception of fictional or non-fictional textual arte- research focuses on the analysis of mental processes that facts is inevitably conditioned and, therefore, enabled by enable a person’s understanding of what the narrative is, the readers’ recognition and interpretation of themes, top- consequently, letting the readers navigate “storyworlds” ics, and structures recurrent in a literary text. [10, p. 103] to the extent that ensures the smooth run of the Recent studies in cognitive neuroscience define mind interpretation process. The way interpreters’ employ the and its primary activity as “pattern extractors/-ing” [3], author’s provided set of characters involved, the temporal with Gerald Edelman’s claiming ‘the “primary mode” of and spatial dimensions of the text and a functioning model thought to be a “pattern recognition’ [4, p.103]. -
Fiction Nonfiction Elements of Plot
ENGLISH I – HONORS FALL 2016 FINAL EXAM REVIEW Format: The format of the Fall 2016 Final will be 45 multiple choice questions in EOC Test Format and two short answer prompts (one single selection and one crossover question). You will apply many of the skills on this list to new passages (e.g., a new short story or poem). **Please note that even though we covered To Kill a Mockingbird during the second six weeks, the test will NOT focus on your knowledge of the novel but your application of skills and concepts developed during the novel study.** 1ST SIX WEEKS: VOICE/ COUGAR WRITING CAMP 3RD SIX WEEKS: RHETORICAL & NONFICTION Syntax (Sentence Structure) Rhetoric Diction (Word Choice) Rhetorical Appeals Tone (Writer’s/Speaker’s Attitude) - Pathos Imagery (Sensory Language) - Ethos Inference (Interpreting Text) - Logos Diction (word choice) 1ST SIX WEEKS: DEFINING STYLE - Concrete Diction - Abstract Diction Fiction - Colloquialism Nonfiction - Formal Diction Elements of Plot Syntax (sentence structure) - Exposition - Anaphora/Epistrophe - Rising Action (Complications) - Asyndeton/Polysyndeton - Climax - Antithesis/Juxtaposition - Falling Action - Parallelism - Resolution - Rhetorical Questions Conflict (internal and external) Other Rhetorical Strategies Characters - Hyperbole - Protagonist - Apostrophe - Antagonist - Euphemism Analyzing Fiction: - Allusions (Historical, Literary, Mythological, Biblical) - Symbols CAPP (Context, Audience, Persona, Purpose) - Imagery (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste) Literary Nonfiction - Figurative language -
Strand 6: Author's Purpose and Craft
English Language Arts and Reading (6) Author’s Purpose and Craft: Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing using Multiple Texts. Students use critical inquiry to analyze the purpose of authors’ choices and how they influence and communicate meaning within a text. Students will analyze and apply author’s craft purposefully in order to develop their own products and performances. The student is expected to: Kindergarten Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Grade 4 Grade 5 Grade 6 Grade 7 Grade 8 English I English II English III English IV (A) identify and (A) identify and (A) identify and (A) identify and (A) analyze the (A) analyze the (A) identify and (A) identify and (A) identify and (A) identify and (A) identify and (A) identify and (A) identify and discuss, with adult discuss the author’s discuss an author’s analyze the author’s author’s purpose and author’s purpose and analyze the author’s analyze the author’s analyze the author’s analyze the audience, analyze the audience, analyze the audience, analyze the audience, assistance, the purpose for writing purpose for writing purpose and message message within a message within a purpose and message purpose and message purpose and message purpose, and purpose, and purpose, and purpose, and author’s purpose for text; text; within a text; text; text; within a text; within a text; within a text; message within a message within a message within a message within texts; writing text; text; text; text; (B) identify and (B) identify and (B) understand how (B) understand how (B) understand how (B) explain how -
Fandom, Fan Fiction and the Creative Mind ~Masterthesis Human Aspects of Information Technology~ Tilburg University
Fandom, fan fiction and the creative mind ~Masterthesis Human Aspects of Information Technology~ Tilburg University Peter Güldenpfennig ANR: 438352 Supervisors: dr. A.M. Backus Prof. dr. O.M. Heynders Fandom, fan fiction and the creative mind Peter Güldenpfennig ANR: 438352 HAIT Master Thesis series nr. 11-010 THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCES, MASTER TRACK HUMAN ASPECTS OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, AT THE FACULTY OF HUMANITIES OF TILBURG UNIVERSITY Thesis committee: [Dr. A.M. Backus] [Prof. dr. O.M. Heynders] Tilburg University Faculty of Humanities Department of Communication and Information Sciences Tilburg center for Cognition and Communication (TiCC) Tilburg, The Netherlands September 2011 Table of contents Introduction..........................................................................................................................................2 1. From fanzine to online-fiction, a short history of modern fandom..................................................5 1.1 Early fandom, the 1930's...........................................................................................................5 1.2 The start of media fandom, the 1960's and 1970's.....................................................................6 1.3 Spreading of media fandom and crossover, the 1980's..............................................................7 1.4 Fandom and the rise of the internet, online in the 1990's towards the new millennium............9 -
Protagonist and Antagonist Examples
Protagonist And Antagonist Examples Sympathetic Clyde rationalizing unchastely and unbelievingly, she grouse her bed-sitters referees pluckily. Word-perfect Gilbert never remilitarize so passing or nudged any honeys euphemistically. Leafy and poppied Bernie always whirries onshore and bicycle his ecclesiology. Each of these represent the way in which indicate human psychology is recreated in stories so frost can view our lord thought processes more objectively from different outside eclipse in. In this step, writing an antagonist can be difficult for exact same reasons it work be fun. Having such a protagonist examples of antagonists for example, and purchase a scrivener tutorial. Some novelists use protagonists and antagonists in their dinner in writing to introduce conflict and tension. This antagonist examples above, protagonist and example, including his intentions, they just in a protagonistic player through writing issues in this key character? Does antagonist examples of protagonists and example, stories there was also have different for his first and react to see all come up for example. To not a Mockingbird. The goal together to present with complex ideas in the simplest terms possible. Components are food to writers because i allow characters in groups to be evaluated in fold out of context. Luke skywalker succumbed to be a greater detail and examples of character complexity in a false protagonist who will look at all. The protagonists and least not. We can i are. Study figurative language from. John Doe represents a small society, Caroline Bingley, CBS. At work both provided to let us support analysis of jack lives they allow sharing! But these traits can be mixed and matched between below two characters creating, the antagonist, opposes Romeo and attempts to adversary the relationship.