The Napoleon Series British and the Men Who Led Them 1793-1815 By Steve Brown 41st of Foot

Regimental History, 41st Regiment of Foot 1719: Raised as Colonel Edmund Fielding’s Regiment of Invalids at Chelsea Hospital 1751: Numbered as 41st Regiment of Foot (Royal Invalids) 1787: 41st Regiment of Foot 1831: 41st (The Welsh) Regiment of Foot 1881: The Welsh Regiment 1920: The 1969: The (24th/41st Foot), on amalgamation with The 2007: 2nd Battalion (The Royal Regiment of Wales) The , on amalgamation with The

Service History and Demographics, 1st Battalion 41st Regiment of Foot 1793: Ireland - Carrick on Shannon; Drumkeerin; September - flank companies to West Indies; battalion companies at Cork 1794: Flank companies at capture of Martinique, St Lucia & Guadeloupe; March - battalion companies at Barbados; Martinique; San Domingo; December - Fort Bizotton 1795: San Domingo 1796: San Domingo; June - Jamaica; remaining men drafted into 17th Foot and cadre home; Gosport; to Ireland; Cork 1797: Cork 1798: Cork 1799: Limerick; June - Cork; August - to Canada; many fever deaths aboard ship; Quebec; Montreal 1800: Montreal 1801: Montreal 1802: York, Kingston & Fort George 1803: Quebec 1804: Quebec 1805: York, detachments at various forts 1806: Fort George & various detachments 1807: Fort George & various detachments; August - received draft of 128 men from home 1808: Fort George & various detachments 1809: Fort George; received a draft of 210 men from home; October - Montreal | 76% English/Welsh, 4% Scots, 16% Irish, 4% Foreign 1810: Montreal 1811: Montreal; September - Fort George 1812: Fort George; Amherstburg; August - capture of DETROIT; Fort Wayne; QUEENSTOWN 1813: Frenchtown; River Raisin; May - Fort Meigs (MIAMI); received draft of 150 men from 1st Battalion; Fort Stephenson; Battle of Lake Erie; Fairfield; August - Moraviantown - majority of battalion taken POW 1814: Fort George & Fort Niagara; Lundy's Lane; August - Black Rock; Fort Erie; November - Kingston; Quebec 1815: Quebec; March - to England; Ostend; Paris; Army of Occupation; November - to England; Ramsgate. | 85% English/Welsh, 3% Scots, 11% Irish, 1% Foreign

Service History and Demographics, 2nd Battalion 41st Regiment of Foot 1812: 25 August - formed at Winchester from volunteers; Chichester; November - Brighton 1813: Brighton; March - Portsmouth; to Canada; May - Quebec; Kingston; sent draft of 150 men to 1st Battalion; July - Black Rock; Goose Creek; York & Kingston; NIAGARA; amalgamated with 1st Battalion after Moraviantown 1814: Fort Niagara; 24 October - disbanded at Kingston.

Significant Militia/Volunteer Intakes: (militia units unless noted otherwise) 1799: Received draft of 220 men from 2/60th Foot; received 100 prisoners from Irish Rebellion 1807: Wiltshire 1808: Wiltshire 1809: Staffordshire; Wiltshire; 1st West Yorkshire 1810: Brunswick Fencibles; Newfoundland Fencibles; Nova Scotia Fencibles 1811: Cheshire; Cornwall; 2nd Lancashire; Nottinghamshire; 1st Somerset; Wiltshire 1812: Cheshire; South Gloucestershire; Somerset; Staffordshire; County Limerick; County Louth 1813: Shropshire

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Colonels

Thomas STIRLING, Bt. Born: St Petersburg 1733 Relations: Younger brother of William Stirling, 4th Baron Ardoch Regimental Service: Major in 42nd Foot 12 December 1770; Lieutenant-Colonel in 42nd Foot 7 September 1771; Colonel of 71st Foot 13 February 1772; to half-pay 1783; Colonel of 41st Foot 13 January 1790 Early Service: In Dutch service 1747-1757; served in North America and West Indies; wounded in North America 1780 Brevets & Staff Service: Brevet Colonel 19 February 1779; Major-General 20 November 1782; Lieutenant-General 3 May 1796; General 1 January 1801 Awards & Honours: 5th Baron Ardoch in 1799 Died: Crieff 8 May 1808.

Hay McDOWALL Born: Scotland c.1752 Regimental Service: Major in 73rd Foot 24 March 1784; Lieutenant-Colonel in 57th Foot 6 April 1791; Lieutenant-Colonel in 78th Foot 22 May 1797; Colonel-Commandant of 2/40th Foot 24 March 1802; to half-pay 24 August 1802; Colonel of 41st Foot 16 May 1808 (vice Stirling) Service 1793-1815: Served in Flanders 1793; Commander-in-Chief Ceylon 1799-1804; Commander-in-Chief at Madras 1807 Brevets & Staff Service: Brevet Colonel 21 August 1795; Major-General 30 October 1805; Lieutenant-General 16 May 1808 Died: Lost at sea near Cape of Good Hope March 1809.

Josiah CHAMPAGNE Royal Military Calendar Entry: No. 124 Born: Ireland 1753 Relations: Son of Rev. Arthur Champagne, grandson of Major Josiah Champagne, older brother of Forbes Champagne, brother-in- law of Earl of Uxbridge, nephew of Henry and Edward Paget Regimental Service: Major in 80th Foot 13 September 1793; Lieutenant-Colonel 19 December 1793; Colonel of 1st Ceylon Regiment 25 April 1801; Colonel of 41st Foot 25 February 1810 (vice McDowall); Colonel of 17th Foot 14 June 1819 Early Service: Served in West Indies 1784-1786 Service 1793-1815: Served in Flanders 1793-1795; commanded 80th Foot at Cape and in 1796-1800; second in command of force from India to Egypt 1801 Brevets & Staff Service: Brevet Colonel 26 January 1797; Major-General 25 September 1803; Lieutenant-General 25 July 1810 Died: 31 January 1840.

Lieutenant-Colonels

AGC = Army Gold Cross (clasps in brackets) LAGM = Large Army Gold Medal (clasps in brackets) SAGM = Small Army Gold Medal (clasps in brackets) MGSM = Military General Service Medal (Silver Medal) (clasps in brackets)

Sir Charles GORDON Born: Scotland c.1755 Regimental Service: Major in 83rd Foot 3 April 1782; brevet Lieutenant-Colonel 17 April 1783; Lieutenant-Colonel in 41st Foot 25 December 1787 Early Service: Served in American Revolution; served in Germany and Holland 1787-1790 Service 1793-1815: Commanded 41st Foot 1787-1794; served in West Indies 1793, commanded a brigade at capture of Martinique & Guadeloupe; Governor of St Lucia but rescinded due to alleged improprieties Brevets & Staff Service: Colonel in North America 15 November 1790; brevet Colonel 20 December 1793; Brigadier-General in West Indies 1794 Later Service: Active in British intelligence in Europe Retired: Resigned August 1795 Died: London 26 March 1835.

William THOMAS Royal Military Calendar Entry: No. 248 Born: 1760 Regimental Service: Major in 41st Foot 21 December 1793 (vice Ellis); Lieutenant-Colonel in 41st Foot 20 August 1795 (vice Gordon); Colonel of 3rd Ceylon Regiment 22 February 1810 Early Service: Served in American Revolution; served in West Indies Service 1793-1815: Served on San Domingo 1794-1796; served in Irish Rebellion 1798 Brevets & Staff Service: Brevet Colonel 29 April 1802; Major-General 25 October 1809; Lieutenant-General 4 June 1814 Retired: 1827 Died: January 1848.

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Coote MANNINGHAM Born: Surrey 1765 Relations: Nephew of Lieutenant-General Sir Robert Boyd Regimental Service: Major in 45th Foot 23 February 1791; brevet Lieutenant-Colonel 18 April 1794; Lieutenant-Colonel in 41st Foot 1 September 1795; Colonel of Experimental Corps of Riflemen (later 95th Foot) 25 August 1800 Early Service: Served at Gibraltar 1782; served in West Indies Service 1793-1815: ADC to King 1 January 1798; served at Ferrol 1800; commanded brigade in Peninsula November 1808 to January 1809 Brevets & Staff Service: Brevet Colonel 1 January 1798; Major-General 1 January 1805 Awards & Honours: LAGM (Cor) Died: Maidstone 26 August 1809.

Henry PROCTOR Royal Military Calendar Entry: No. 445 Born: Ireland 1763 Regimental Service: Major in 43rd Foot 13 May 1795; Lieutenant-Colonel in 41st Foot 9 October 1800 (vice Manningham) Service 1793-1815: Commanded 1/41st Foot in Canada 1802-1813; suspended for six months following reverse at Moraviantown Brevets & Staff Service: Brevet Colonel 25 July 1810; Brigadier-General in North America 8 February 1813; Major-General 4 June 1813 Died: Bath 31 October 1822.

William EVANS Royal Military Calendar Entry: No. 1168 Regimental Service: Major in 41st Foot 14 April 1808 (vice Campbell); Lieutenant-Colonel in 41st Foot 13 August 1812 Service 1793-1815: Commanded 1/41st Foot 1813-1814; commanded 41st Foot in France 1815 Later Service: Commanded 41st Foot 1815-1821 Retired: 1821.

Augustus WARBURTON Royal Military Calendar Entry: No. 1053 Regimental Service: Major in 91st Foot 18 December 1806 (on transfer from 57th Foot); Lieutenant-Colonel 1 August 1811; Inspecting Field in Canada; Lieutenant-Colonel in 41st Foot 30 September 1813; to half-pay on reduction; Lieutenant- Colonel in 85th Foot 30 September 1819 Service 1793-1815: Served in Canada 1811-1814; taken POW at Moravianstown; commanded 2/41st Foot 1813 Brevets & Staff Service: Brevet Colonel 27 May 1825 Died: 1837.

Majors AGC = Army Gold Cross (clasps in brackets) LAGM = Large Army Gold Medal (clasps in brackets) SAGM = Small Army Gold Medal (clasps in brackets) MGSM = Military General Service Medal (Silver Medal) (clasps in brackets)

John Joyner ELLIS Relations: Born John Joyner, adopted Ellis surname when adopted by Governor Henry Ellis of Georgia in England in 1758 Regimental Service: Major in 41st Foot 25 December 1787; brevet Lieutenant-Colonel 18 November 1790; Lieutenant-Colonel in 23rd Foot 31 July 1793 Brevets & Staff Service: Brevet Colonel 21 August 1795; Major-General 18 June 1798 Died: 1804.

Thomas Auchmuty DANIEL Regimental Service: Major in 41st Foot 1 September 1795 (vice Thomas) Retired: September 1798.

John GREY Regimental Service: Major in 41st Foot 30 September 1795; brevet Lieutenant-Colonel 1 January 1801; exchanged to half-pay of York Fencibles 3 December 1802 Early Service: Served aboard ship in West Indies 1782 Service 1793-1815: Major of Brigade to Duuke of Kent in West Indies 1794; served on San Domingo; Assistant Deputy Adjutant- General on San Domingo 1794-1796; Assistant Quartermaster-General in Ireland 1799 Retired: 1805.

Jasper GRANT Regimental Service: Major in 41st Foot 22 September 1798 (vice Daniel); brevet Lieutenant-Colonel 25 September 1803 Brevets & Staff Service: Brevet Colonel 1 January 1812 Died: August 1812.

Alexander CAMPBELL Regimental Service: Major in York Fencibles 20 July 1800; to half-pay; exchanged to Major in 41st Foot 3 December 1802 (vice Grey); Lieutenant-Colonel in 20th Foot 25 March 1808 Retired: 8 June 1809.

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George Hay, Marquis of TWEEDDALE Royal Military Calendar Entry: No. 1281 Born: Scotland 1787 Relations: Eldest son of 7th Marquis of Tweeddale Regimental Service: Major in 41st Foot 14 May 1812 (on transfer from 15th Hussars); brevet Lieutenant-Colonel 21 June 1813; Lieutenant-Colonel of 100th Foot 20 January 1814; Colonel of 30th Foot 1846; Colonel of 42nd Foot 1862; Colonel of 2nd Life Guards 1863 Service 1793-1815: Served on staff in Sicily 1806; served in Peninsula ADC to Paget June to October 1809; Deputy Assistant Quartermaster-General November 1809 to January 1811, wounded at Busaco, and again July 1811 to may 1812; Assistant Quartermaster-General 14 May 1812 until October 1813, wounded at Vittoria; served in Canada 1814, wounded at Niagara Brevets & Staff Service: Brevet Colonel 27 May 1825; Manjor-General 10 January 1837; Lieutenant-General 9 November 1846; General 20 June 1854; Field-Marshal 29 May 1875 Later Service: Governor and Commander-in-Chief at Madras 1842-1848 Awards & Honours: GCB; KT; SAGM (Vit); 8th Marquis of Tweeddale 1804 Died: Scotland 10 October 1876.

Robert Cotton St John Trefusis, Lord CLINTON Royal Military Calendar Entry: No. 1179 Born: 1787 Relations: Eldest son of Lord Clinton Regimental Service: Major in 41st Foot 13 August 1812 (on transfer from 60th Foot, vice Evans); brevet Lieutenant-Colonel 20 August 1812; exchanged to half-pay 27 January 1814 Service 1793-1815: ADC to King; served in Peninsula March 1810 to March 1811 and again October 1811 to July 1812 as extra ADC to Wellington; carried despatches for Salamanca Brevets & Staff Service: Brevet Colonel 1825 Died: Florence October 1832.

Holt McKENZIE Regimental Service: Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel 1 January 1813; Major in 41st Foot 7 January 1813 Died: On passage to England 1 September 1813.

Richard O'Farrell FRIEND Royal Military Calendar Entry: No. 1760 Regimental Service: Major in 41st Foot 9 December 1813 (vice McKenzie); brevet Lieutenant-Colonel 12 August 1819 Service 1793-1815: Served in West Indies 1794-1796; commanded 2/41st Foot 1812-1814 Retired: 1821.

John Goulston Price TUCKER Royal Military Calendar Entry: No. 717 Born: Bermuda 1777 Regimental Service: Major in 72nd Foot 13 January 1805; brevet Lieutenant-Colonel 16 April 1807; Major in 8th Garrison Battalion 2 October 1808; Major in 97th Foot 22 December 1808; Major in 41st Foot 27 January 1814 (on transfer from half-pay, vice Clinton); exchanged to Major in 5th West India Regiment 30 November 1815; to half-pay 1817 Service 1793-1815: Served at Cape of Good Hope 1796; Served in India; served in South America 1807 as ADC and Assistant Quartermaster-General; served in Peninsula August 1808 to January 1809; Assistant Adjutant-General 24 November 1808 ; served in Canada 1814 Brevets & Staff Service: Brevet Colonel 4 June 1814 Awards & Honours: SAGM (Rol Vim) Died: Paris 1841 (not 1809 as stated in Challis).

Hon. Henry Cecil LOWTHER Royal Military Calendar Entry: No. 1672 Born: 1790 Relations: Son of Lieutenant-Colonel Sir William Lowther, Earl of Lonsdale Regimental Service: Major in 7th Hussars 14 April 1814; Major in 41st Foot 14 April 1814 (vice Tweeddale); to half-pay; Major in 10th Hussars 12 November 1814; Lieutenant-Colonel in 20th Foot 20 April 1817; to half-pay Service 1793-1815: Served in Peninsula with 7th Hussars November 1808 to January 1809; again in Peninsula August 1813 to April 1814 Awards & Honours: MP; MGSM (Ben Ort Toul) Died: Rutland 6 December 1867.

Sir Henry Thomas GODWIN Royal Military Calendar Entry: No. 2174 Born: 1785 Regimental Service: Major in 5th West India Regiment 1814; Major in 41st Foot 30 November 1815 (vice Tucker); Lieutenant- Colonel 26 July 1821; Lieutenant-Colonel in 87th Foot March 1829; to half-pay 24 June 1829; Colonel of 20th Foot Service 1793-1815: Served at Ferrol 1800; served in Hanover 1805; served in Peninsula with 2/9th Foot November 1808 to June 1809; served and wounded at Barrosa Brevets & Staff Service: Brevet Colonel 10 January 1837; Major-General 9 November 1846 Later Service: Served in Madras and in Burma; Commander-in-Chief in Second Burma War 1852-1853 Awards & Honours: KCB Died: Bengal 26 October 1854.

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Sources:

WO379/6 - Monthly disposition of the Army, arranged chronologically or by regiment. National Archives.

War Office. Army Lists 1791 to 1818. London: various years.

Lomax, David Alexander Napier. A History of the Services of the 41st (the Welch) Regiment, (now 1st Battalion the Welch Regiment) from Its Formation, in 1719, to 1895. London: Hiorns & Miller, 1899.

Gordon, Iain. Bloodline: The Origins and Development of the Regular Formations of the . Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military, 2010.

Linch, Kevin Barry. The Recuitment of the British Army 1807-1815. University of Leeds, PhD Thesis, 2001. Used with permission.

McKenna, Michael G. The British Army – And Its Regiments and Battalions. West Chester, Ohio: The Nafziger Collection. 2004.

Philippart, John. The Royal Military Calendar, or Army Service and Commission Book. London: A.J. Valpy, 1820.

Reid, Stuart. Wellington’s Officers, Volume 1. Leigh-On-Sea: Partizan Press, 2008.

Reid, Stuart. Wellington’s Officers, Volume 2. Leigh-On-Sea: Partizan Press, 2009.

Reid, Stuart. Wellington’s Officers, Volume 3. Leigh-On-Sea: Partizan Press, 2011.

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