Monophonic Antiphonal Music with only one part (one note at a time). Two groups of musicians

play/respond to each other from two different

*You can have as many players or singers as you want on the same part performing positions. so long as it is the only part. No chords! Melody & Accompaniment Homophonic Polyphonic A melody (tune) plus some accompanying All parts move in chords at the same time. Several (2 or more) independent lines of music. chords or ideas.

Tune / Line 1

Moving at Tune / Line 2 the same time

Tune / Line 3

Accompaniment TuneAccompaniment *Homo-phonic = same-sound… they have the same rhythm *Poly-phonic = many-sounds… several (two or more) different tunes.

Call And Response Octaves What Is The Instrument’s Role One idea played/sung and then another When parts move together, an octave apart. performer(s) responding. Melody – The tune.

Call Accompaniment – The parts supporting the tune.

*Same note name but different pitch. Response Countermelody – A second melody that fits Pedal with the main tune. A long or repeated note – usually in the bass. Alberti Bass Bass Line – The lowest sounding part. Accompaniment found mainly in the left hand part of piano music. Don’t play all three notes of the triad together; break Basso Continuo Long Note Repeated Note them up into four equal notes. Usually lowest, The part given to instruments in The Baroque highest, middle, highest. Drone Period that played the Long or repeated notes – usually a 5th apart. Why doesn’t bass line and chords, Mr Edwards accompanying the like playing an melody, using figured Alberti Bass? It gives him Long Notes Repeated Notes bass. the EBGBs. *Harpsichord, bass viol, organ, lute…

Key Signature Modulation

The sharps or flats at the start of a Musical word for key change. Most piece of music, showing what key common changes: to Dominant or the music is in. (The chords and keys used in the music) relative Major/Minor.

Major and Minor Key Signatures Identifying The Tonality… Cadences

Tonal - In a major or Minor Key The last two chords in a phrase. Only sounds ‘complete’ if ends on chord I. Atonal - There is no sense of key Modal - Uses ‘old-fashioned’ scales called modes Sounds Complete Pentatonic - The music only uses 5 notes Perfect V I Cadence Dominant Tonic Chords

Triad - A chord with three notes (See below) Plagal IV I Cadence Subdominant Tonic Power Chord – Only playing the Root and Fifth of a

Sounds Incomplete triad (used in Rock music) *Can be other Dissonance - Clashing notes played together Imperfect I V Cadence Tonic Dominant Consonance - Notes that fit / sound nice together *Not chord I

Primary Chords - The three most commonly used Interrupted V Minor Chord chords used in music: I, IV, V Cadence Dominant

Secondary Chords - The other chords: II, III, VI, VII *Sometimes the final cadence of a piece in

Chord Sequence - The order the chords in a piece of a minor key ends with a major chord music follow (containing cadences at the ends of instead of the expected minor chord. This *When you write music in a minor key you also need to raise the 7th note phrases) effect is known as a Tierce de Picardie. (leading note) up one small step - e.g. A minor uses G#s, not Gs.

Diatonic Triad A Chord with three notes: Inversions Changing which note of a chord is the lowest sounding:

Music only uses notes that are found st nd in the key signature of the piece th Root Position 1 Inversion 2 Inversion 5 Chromatic rd Music uses the notes found in the 3 key of the piece but also adds in rd th Root Note The root note The 3 The 5 extra accidentals (# / b) is lowest is lowest is lowest

Direction Rising Falling Conjunct (Moving In Step) Type of movement

High

High or low. Range

Low

Repetition Doing the same thing again, without Disjunct (Moving In Leaps)

any changes.

Big

Big or Small.

Small

Contrast Doing something completely different. Sequence Doing the same shape idea but at a different pitch.

Interval The distance between two notes

Imitation Doing the same thing again, with some 2nd 3rd 4th Triadic The tune is based on notes from the chords changes (similar). / triads.

5th 6th 7th Octave

*Count the start note & end note

Ostinato A short repeated idea. Ornaments Trills Mordents

Scale The series of notes in a key that are used to Chromatic The melody uses notes that aren’t in make the melody

the scale / key of the piece. etc…

I II III IV V VI 1.Tonic 2.Supertonic 3.Mediant 4.Subdominant 5.Dominant 6.Submediant 7.Leading Note VII