Available Online at http://www.recentscientific.com International Journal of CODEN: IJRSFP (USA) Recent Scientific

International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Research Vol. 10, Issue, 12(D), pp. 36520-36522, December, 2019 ISSN: 0976-3031 DOI: 10.24327/IJRSR Research Article

INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF ROOT KNOT DISEASE COMPLEX INFECTING BRINJAL THROUGH APPLICATION OF FUNGAL ANTAGONISTS HARZIANUM AND STRICTUM

Dr. Neha Srivastava

ABBS Degree College, Faizabad

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2019.1012.4939

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT

Article History: Integrated management of root knot nematode Melidogyne incoginita on brinjal through application of fungal antagonists, a and on the isolated egg, Received 6th September, 2019 masses of root knot nematode infecting brinjal has been carried out. The Melidogyne incognita Received in revised form 15th infested brinjal revealed consistent association of Acremonium strictum in the rhizosphere the in October, 2019 vitro and rhizoplane of root knot nematode. Mycoflora isolated earlier from the egg masses of M. Accepted 12th November, 2019 incognita identified as A. strictum and other fungal lilacinus, Rhizoctonia solani and Trichoderma Published online 28th December, 2019 harzianum isolated earlier from egg masses. A. strictum and T. harzianum was found to possess both

egg parasitic or opportunistic and toxic property where as the isolated mycoflora A. niger was Key Words: identified to be toxic against root knot nematode. Dual treatment of A. strictum and T. harzianum Toxic, egg parasitic, opportunistic, root showed significant promising performance in improving the health of brinjal plant with remarkable reduction in root knot nematode population in a field trial. knot nematode, antagonistic bioagents.

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INTRODUCTION already identified fungal bioagent on the basis of most promissing combination of toxic and egg parasitic antagonistic The brinjal crop suffer from the root knot disease caused by a fungal bioagent against root knot nematode with better sessile endoparastic and polyphagous nematode, Melidogyne performance on growth parameter the most suitable spp. In India the most predominant species which caused root combination was selected. When two were used alone this gall symptom is Melidogyne incognita the root gall symptoms combination has been found to be most effective. can be recognized by naked eyes. The root knot nematode shows synergistic effect when the primary pathogen is known MATERIAL AND METHODS to predispose the host to an attack of soil born fungal After the surface sterilization in 0.01% HgCl the healthy and (secondary pathogen) attack in this process the root knot 2 blakish looking egg masses of Melidogyne incognita were nematode enter in plant through penetration of a stylet causing isolated and keep for 10 second under laminar low on the wound in the root of plant provides way for secondary periplates containing PDA medium. Only the consistant fungi pathogen to enter and cause root knot disease complex. which was isolated from egg masses was selected for present Acremonium strictum was identified as the associated investigation. After the identification the A. strictum which is mycoflora with egg masses on isolation showed consistently isolated fungi was purified through several single spore sub occurring . In the present investigation it was found that culturing Trichoderma harzianum, Paecilomyces lilacinus, where the A. strictum was found associated with very small A.terreus, Aspergillus niger were tested along with potential galled root of brinjal in which most of the egg and egg masses fungal bioagent. After 15 days growth in an incubator at were found empty. A significantly reduce population of root 24±20C on potato dectrose agar medium. Broth each of the and around rhizosphere soil in affected brinjal. This newly isolated fungi was separately followed by filteration through isolated fungus A. strictum encourages to use it as the bioagent what means filter paper no1. For larvicidal and ovidal studies against root knot nematode. Some of the fungal bioagent viz. in vitro condition the clear cultural filterate of each fungal species of Aspergills have proved potential against root knot spicies was ready. The standard extract (SE), 1:10 and 1: 100 nematode for investing the capability of A. strictum isolated these three dilution of cultural filterate was made. In case of from eggmasses of the above affected brinjal field along with larvicidal test 100 freshly hatched egg masses were added to

*Corresponding author: Dr. Neha Srivastava ABBS Degree College, Faizabad International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Vol. 10, Issue, 12(D), pp. 36520-36522, December, 2019 the above dilution, and for ovicidal test the three egg masses carried out in the field trial which was infected by nematode after surface sterilization with HgCl2 0.01% for 10 second and M.incognita @ 2 larva/gm soil at the farmer’s field. The washed twice with water. T.harzianum, P.lilacinus, A. strictum, nematode sick plots were divided in to 9 microplots with five A. niger as replicated thirce with each dilution for both replication and with five furrows. Each microplots/replication larvicidal and ovicidal test for all the fungi under investigation. having five furrows. The four week old healthy seedling at The investigation was followed by the effect of combination of brinjal were transplant to each ridge and talc based inoculums one toxic and other egg parasitic like P. lilacinus + A. niger, P. were applied @ 1kg/h.a. after the 60 days of transplantation the lilalcinus + T. harzianum, A. strictum + A. harzianum. For the observation were recorded in respect to plan no. of eggs per hatching inhibition investigation the three egg masses of each egg mass and nematode population in soil, plant growth, no. of dilution of fungal filterates in combination and alone both was galls/plants and further discussion. left for hatching in sterilized water after getting soaked for 72 hours. While for larvicidal test the exposure time was 24, 48 RESULT AND DISCUSSION and 72 hours. When under control treatment the eggs were In the present study the potential of four isolated fungi from almost ceased to hatch the hatching inhibition investigation is egg masses of M.incognita and rhizosphere under both in vitro ceased. and invivo experiment the four fungus that is isolated showed

Table 1 Effect on . of different toxic their individual potentiality against the egg of M. incognita viz. and egg parasitic fungi culture filtrates A. strictum A. niger and T. hazarium. In the present and T. hazarium. In the present study the effort has been made to investigate the cumulative effect single fungal bioagent in compare to other combination of two fungal bioagent. The combination have cumulative effect on potentially is not better than the larvicidal effect of fungi isolated from egg masses of root knot nematode M. incognita from the above isolated fungi the egg parasitic viz. Cladosporium oxysporum P. lilacinus etc and toxic viz. A. terreus and A. niger are when treated with M. incognita performed better. On several report it has been found when the inflected plant is treated with combination of both one toxic and one other an egg parasitic showed more potential on the plant growth parameter. In present study it is clear that the isolated fungi A. strictum due to is high toxicity and egg

parasitic property it performance and potential again root knot Table 2 Effect on Meloidogyne incognita of culture filtrates of nematode is very promising and by further investigation it is toxic and egg parasitic fungi on hatching inhibition of egg . also reported that out of three combination the cumulative effect of T. Harzianum and A. strictum showed most effective and promising result. Due to the excellence response is also attributed in improvement of plant health because of its growth hormonal characteristic. The major soil borne disease like root rot and wilt minimized and also reduces the outstanding nematicidal activity by this combination of fungus. By this combine application of fungal bioagent also minimize the disease complex incident because the nematode infected plant act as being well established to act, as predispose of fungal attack causing disease complex. In present study talk basse formulation of both fungal bioagen t(A. strictum and T. 0 Under in vivo condition after growing for seven day at 24±2 C harzianum) was proved very potential and successful for the 0 the fungal antagonist were maintain on slant at 5 C for the integrated pest management under field condition. evaluation test of potentiality of above isolated. Fungal bioagent against root knot nematode M. incognita. Each of the References same cultural insolated separately in 500 ml flask containing 50 1. Altkinson, G.F.(1892). On root knot nematode infesting ml PDA broth for the prepration of initial inoculums which vegetables and other crop in South India. Madras allow it to grow in inubrator at 24±20C till the time and 8 Agric.J.,14:113-118 manipulating the suspension to make spore load 2×10 cfu. 2. Batten, C.K.; Powell N.T. Rhizoctonia- Meloidogyne After that the flask containing 200gm pre sterilized sorghum 0 disease complex in flux-cured tobacco, Journal of grain along with 5% dextrose and was, incubated at 24+2 C for Nematology. 1971, 3, 164-169. 15 days with each of the suspension was inoculated into the 3. Chahal, P.P.K.; Chabra, H.K. interaction of M.incognita flask. Theater under asepectic condition the colonized gains with Rhi-zoctonia solani jon tomato, Indian J. were air dried and powdered by using haemocytometer the Nematode, 1984, 14, 56-57. colony forming unit of conidia in intial inoculums were 4. Dubey, S. C. and Patel, B.(2001).Evaluation of fungal determined. The 5% carboxy methyl cellulose in added as antagonist against Melidogyne incognita. (Meloidogyne sticker in the inoculable talc based powder was made with the 8 incognita) multiplication on egg plant. Indian J. spore load become 2×10 cfu/gm. The in vitro trials were Nematol. 2002, 32(1), 98-101. 36521 | P a g e Dr. Neha Srivastava., Integrated Management of Root Knot Disease Complex Infecting Brinjal Through Application of Fungal Antagonists Trichoderma Harzianum and Acremonium Strictum

5. Desai,m M.V.; Shah, H.M.; Pillai, S.M. Effect of 11. Wager, A.V. (1933). wilt in tomatoes in South Aspergillus niger on root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne Africa S Afri. J. Sci. 30:240-246 incognita. Indian J. Nematol. 1972, 2, 210-214. 12. Powell, N. T. and Nusbaum, C.T.(1960). The black 6. Elias, K.S. and Schnieder, R W. (1991). Vegetative shank root knot complex. Flue cured tobacco compatibility group in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Phytopath.50:899-906. lycopersici 13. Reddy, P.P. and Khan, R.M. (1991). Integrated 7. Goswami, B.K.; Singh, S. Fungal bioagents for management of root-knot nematode infecting okra. Curr. management of root-knot nematode in tomato. Pesticide Nematotol.2(2):115-116. Research Journal 2004, 16(1), 9-12, 14. Sasser, J.N. plant parasitic Nematodes. The farmer’s 8. Goswami, B.K.; Pandey, R.K.; Bhattachary, C. Singh . hidden enemy. North Carolina state university, Raleigh evaluation of six isolates of Tricoderma arzimum 1989, pp.49-52. against F. oxyspore f.sp. lycopercisi and M. incognita, 15. Zuckermann, B.M.; Mathny, M.; Acosta. N. Control of Internal. J. (1), 79-82. plant parasitic nematode by a nematicidal strain of 9. Khan, M.R.; Goswami,m B.K. Effect of culture Aspergillus niger. J. of Chemical Ecology 1994. 20, 33- Pacilomyces lilacinus 43 10. Linford, M.B. nd Oliviera, J.M.(1938). Potential agent of biological control of plant parasitic nematode. Phytopath. 28:14

How to cite this article:

Dr. Neha Srivastava. 2019, Integrated Management of Root Knot Disease Complex Infecting Brinjal Through Application of Fungal Antagonists Trichoderma Harzianum and Acremonium Strictum. Int J Recent Sci Res. 10(12), pp. 36520-36522. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.24327/ijrsr.2020.1012.4939

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