Nature and Science, 2011;9(8) http://www.sciencepub.net/nature
Report on a Study upon Basic Issues of Light and Entropy
Zhang Wei
Staff and Workers School of Queshan County, Henan Province, China (Zip Code: 463200) Communications author (The only author): Zhang Wei Communications address: Staff and workers school of queshan county,henan province,china Zip code:463200 E-MAIL: [email protected]; PHONE: 86-0396-7026333
[Abstract]: The text summed up the newest observational progress of oscillation for the speed of light and open entropy in recent years ,as well as theoretical research dynamic. The text put forward new theoretical opinion and pointed out the important role of these work in connecting quantum mechanics by opening out mutual connection and existent problems between the oscillation for the speed of light and open entropy. [Zhang Wei. Report on a Study upon Basic Issues of Light and Entropy. Nature and Science 2011;9(8):211-213]. (ISSN: 1545-0740). http://www.sciencepub.net.
[Key Words] : light ; entropy ; problem; probe into [PACS]: 42.50.-P ; 42.50.Ct ; 82.40.Bj; 95.30.Tg ; 05.90.+m
1 Foreword matter—gravitational wave in the boundary and change The oscillation for the speed of light and open it into ordinary matter . Through a careful counting of entropy , are still the important research topic of the entropy taken out by the emitted particles, we show theoretical physics and experimental physics[1] for a that the black hole radiation[5] as tunneling is an long time, All these whether raising new problems or entropy (S=Akc3/4Hg) conservation process. While raising new interpretations or making new observations information is leaked out through the radiation about the oscillation for the speed of light and open (T=hc3/8πkGM), the total entropy is conserved. Thus, entropy, all have important scientific significance to the we conclude the black hole evaporation process is study of basic physics and the development of related unitary [6] . subjects. Gravitation undulates each other by medium to transform potenital energy into kinetic energy. 2 The observational progress of the oscillation for Low-density degenerate matter expands the speed of light and new discussion quickly,space region formed by it is large,and the In 2008, Norbert·Werner, an astronomer, and his curvature is small and the speed of light is quick in research group, by utilizing the Newton X-ray satellites such space region. The dark energy makes the (XMM) from the European Space Agency, found out opening universe under critical density eternally partial “invisible” universal gas net of low density, and expanding with an accelerated velocity, gravity found there was a hot gas bridge or thread to connect velocity may be breached before unlimited rarefaction two galaxies together.It may prove that the so-called of universe substance density, the universe may loss singularity perturbation, which can be functional gravitation. Associated serial formula is showed as 2 2 2 through Einstein-Rosen Bridge, whose principle is following, ds = -dt +d L ， m=QRB/V , R=1/r，H（t） [2] similar with the theory of “butterfly effect”（Q Ψ） . = (t)/R(t), GM/R1=g1
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[7] at the speed of superluminality . Instantaneity of electromagnetic wave may produce coupling and Quantum Entanglement State may indicate time has resonanance tunneling, then photoelectricity may quantization, observing Quantum Entanglement State produce transition spontaneously and break away from may induce quantum of time to oscillate or collapse degeneracy to make itself be at supersymmetric (decoherence) [8] . The carrier of time is possibly a compatible quantum state [13] . Scientists of University photon[9], which can reasonably explain why quantum of Oxford recently reported on the journal Science that entangled state is nonlinear; why information they observed E8 symmetry in ultracold electrons for interruption occurs in superluminal motion; why time the first time. The research indicates that vacuum (A stop occurs in black hole event horizons[10], and why group of physicists working out of Chalmers Planck time has no simultaneity and non-repeatability. University of Technology in Gothenburg, Sweden, have The nature of light is transition transmission of atomic succeeded in proving what was until now, just theory; radiations of specific energy state, that is, the and that is, that visible photons could be produced from secondary effect of atomic radiations. Webb, the virtual particles that have been thought to exist in a Australian scholar, found, in the observation of action quantum vacuum . The team describes how they used a spectrum emitted by quasar 12 billion light-years specially created circuit called a superconducting distance away from the earth, that in past 12 billion quantum interference device “SQUID” to modulate a years, with regard to component of accurate structural bit of wire length at a roughly five percent of the speed constant a=e2/Ch of action spectrum, light velocity has of light, to produce visible "sparks" from the reduced by 1/100000. Medium produces polarized nothingness of a vacuum) [14] or field maybe a critical beams. Redshift rate of one OQ172 quasar observed in state of mass energy phase transition. Recently, early period of space was Z=△ λ/λ0≈3.53. Given that researchers from the University of Cambridge and Hubble constant value at present is 71kM•s﹣1•MPC-1, University of Birmingham of UK verify through researches that electron can crack into spintron and from calculation of dL=C[R0/R（t1）-1]/H0, its moving back speed is 0.91C 14 billion light-years away from Holon. Thus it can be concluded that spintron can [15] earth, regarding the Lorentz factor is about 400.The further crack into magnetic-monopoles , there is current observed phenomenon of bending of light possibility of butterfly effect of electromagnetic (Closed-loop light) and mixing of spectrum may prove oscillation for spintron and holon of many-body [16] that the speed of light is oscillating and photons also electron. The proton spin crisis may lie in three have fermion nature . A division by statistics shows that: quarks constituting the proton, which is a superposition Fermion satisfies Fermi-Dirac statistics, and boson state of resonance transition of single non-polarised satisfies Bose-Einstein statistics. However, in case that spin quark with compound spin and asymptotic there is an obvious correlation effect, the Fermi System freedom. will generate non-Fermi-liquid behavior[11], namely, deviating from the Fermi statistics. 3 The observational progress of open entropy and In 2010, an American physicist in Syracuse new discussion University came up with a new theoretical model In 2008, Erez Et al published the thesis in Nature violating Pauli exclusion principle in Physical Review magazine. Their study discovered that the measurement Letters, namely, more than one electron can be in the process of quantum (“Maxwell’s demon”) controlled same quantum state at the same time in specified the thermodynamics action in the quantum system that natural conditions. In addition, boson will also deviate is composed of two energy levels. The second law of [17] Thermodynamics is not tenable strictly any more .. from the Bose statistics. A division by spin shows that: It is Fermion if s (spin) is half-odd, and it is boson The dynamics of the clock is studied in terms of an unstable evaporation or condensation model for the if s is zero and integer. When correlation effect among particles is negligible, such as in SEE (single event granular gas. In this model, the temperatures of the two effect), such division is appropriate. However, when types of grains are considered to be different, and they correlation effect is obvious, shielding phenomenon are functions of the composition of the gas. Oscillations will appear among electric charges, so that one particle in the system are driven by the asymmetric collisions [18] will have its effective charge reduced and also its properties between the two types of grains . A effective spin will carry out with some discount. In recursion formula is derived for the partition function such event, problems will appear when fermion and to simplify the summation of hole configurations. This boson are divided by spin. Probability that coupled allows the thermodynamic quantities of this model to be rigorously determined in the thermodynamic limit high frequency photons exist two attributes which are [19] boson and fermion. Spin of photon may be relevant to , discrete space entropy, Associated serial formula energy state of photon and momentum [12] . The change is showed as following, of the speed of light may change spin quantum number ds=des+dis , of photon. In the condition of microspur,
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Communications , 2010 , 10.1038/ncomms1005. 2 2 ρeff/t =H(t)/ T ＜C，ρeff/t = H(t)/T＜ρc， Г/H [9] Craig J. Hogan .Indeterminacy of holographic 2 quantum geometry[J]. Physical Review D, 78, ＜n， di s≥0，ρeff= pνλ， P =mV(m=E/c ,V =c/n) , 2 2 087501 (2008) [4 pages]. V≥ C , d s<0, C≤ρeff/t = H(t)/T， ρeff/t = e [10] George E. A. Matsas, André R. R. da Silva. H(t)/T＞ρc， Г/H＞n，G = H – TS ， t = -i 1/k T , B Overspinning a Nearly Extreme Charged Black d S = 0, d S = 0 & d S = 0 , d S < 0, d S > 0 & d S > 0. i 1 i 2 i i 1 i 2 i Hole via a Quantum Tunneling Process [J]. Parameters of the quantum fluctuations, which is in an Physical Review Letters. 99, 181301 (2007) [4 open system threshold, control entropy changes. pages]. Change of energy state is the reason that acceleration [11] C. Cao, E. Elliott, J. Joseph, H. Wu, et al. ，△ =±a. produces E Universal Quantum Viscosity in a Unitary Fermi Gas [J]. Science , 2011 , 331 (6013): 58-61. 4 Conclusion [12] V. M. Abazov，E. G. Zverev . Measurement of the The problems about the oscillation for the speed of Forward-Backward Charge Asymmetry and light and open entropy, as well as new study and Extraction of sin 2θ e f f in pp̅ →Z/γ*+X→e+e-+X observational progress, all play an important bridge W Events Produced at √s =1.96 TeV [J] . Physical role in quantum uncollapse to connect the gray area of Review Letters , 101, 191801 (2008) [7 pages] . transition between micro-physics and quantum physics [13] Sheng Shen, Arvind Narayanaswamy and and to connect general relativity and quantum Gang Chen . Surface Phonon Polaritons Mediated mechanics. Energy Transfer between Nanoscale Gaps [J] .
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