Zootaxa 3691 (5): 501–537 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2013 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3691.5.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BDB43734-4378-44E0-8634-ECD231DE26AA Review of the Grass Feeding Balclutha Kirkaldy (: Cicadellidae: ) in China

LIN LU1, YALIN ZHANG1,3 & M.D.WEBB2 1Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum of Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China 2Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK 3Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]

Table of contents

Abstract ...... 502 Introduction ...... 502 Genus Balclutha Kirkaldy ...... 502 Checklist of Balclutha species from China ...... 503 Key to species from China (males) ...... 504 Balclutha alstoni Knight, n. rec...... 505 Balclutha asymmetrica Knight ...... 507 Balclutha bifasciata (Merino), n. rec...... 508 Balclutha bidentifurcata, sp. nov...... 509 Balclutha bispinosa Webb & Vilbaste...... 510 Balclutha botelensis Matsumura ...... 510 Balclutha brownstripa Dai, Li & Chen ...... 510 Balclutha cheesmanae Knight, n. rec...... 511 Balclutha clockstripa Dai, Li & Chen ...... 512 Balclutha incisa (Matsumura)...... 512 Balclutha kuroiwae Matsumura ...... 514 Balclutha lucida (Butler) ...... 515 Balclutha noonadana Knight, n. rec...... 516 Balclutha paralucida sp. nov...... 517 Balclutha parapunctata sp. nov...... 518 Balclutha punctata (Fabricius) species complex ...... 521 Balclutha rieki Knight, n. rec...... 522 Balclutha rosea (Scott) ...... 523 Balclutha rubrinervis (Matsumura) ...... 524 Balclutha rubrostriata (Melichar) ...... 526 Balclutha saltuella (Kirschbaum) ...... 526 Balclutha sternalis (Distant) ...... 527 Balclutha thaiensis Webb & Vilbaste, n. rec...... 528 Balclutha thea (Distant) ...... 529 Balclutha tricornis sp. nov...... 530 Balclutha trilineata Linnavuori ...... 532 Balclutha versicolor Vilbaste ...... 534 Balclutha viridinervis Matsumura ...... 535 Acknowledgements ...... 536 References ...... 536

Accepted by C. Dietrich: 26 Jun. 2013; published: 24 Jul. 2013 501 Abstract

The present paper treats 27 species and one species complex of the leafhopper genus Balclutha Kirkaldy from China, in- cluding descriptions of four new species, Balclutha bidentifurcata, B. parapunctata, B. paralucida and B. tricornis spp. nov., and gives six new records for China. One new synonymy, B. fuscomaculatus Dai, Li & Chen, 2004, as a junior syn- onym of B. saltuella (Kirschbaum, 1868), is proposed. A key to males of Chinese Balclutha species, together with a check- list and figures for the species is provided.

Key words: Homoptera, , taxonomy, Balcluthini, , new synonymy, new species, China

Introduction

The cosmopolitan leafhopper genus Balclutha (Deltocephalinae: Macrostelini) is one of the most common and abundant deltocephaline groups in grasslands (Knight, 1987). It comprises over one hundred described species worldwide (Knight & Webb, 1993). Members of the genus can be most readily recognized by their frequently green to stramineous color, small delicate appearance and by the generally short, parallel margins of the vertex. However this rather uniform appearance of the species makes their identification difficult and dependent in general on examination of their male genitalia. The genus Balclutha was previously placed either in Balcluthini (Oman, 1949; Blocker, 1967; Ossiannilsson, 1983; Anufriev & Emaljanov, 1988; Oman, et al., 1990) or Macrostelini (Ribaut, 1952; Linnavuori, 1959). Knight & Webb (1993), selecting 81 morphological characters, studied the phylogenetic relationships of 34 macrosteline genera and 28 non-macrosteline genera, and considered the tribe Macrostelini, including Coryphaelini and Balcluthini, as monophyletic. Based on morphological characters Zahniser & Dietrich (2008) also corroborated Knight and Webb’s (1993) definition of Macrostelini. Blocker (1967) described 36 species from the Nearctic and Neotropical region. Revisionary work on the genus was published by Knight (1987) who treated 30 species from the Pacific area and provided a checklist of the 98 species of the genus known at that time and Webb & Vilbaste (1994) for the Oriental Region who treated Balcluthina Pruthi as a junior synonym of Balclutha and described 25 species from the region. In China, eight Balclutha species were described (from Taiwan) by Chiang (1996) and 20 species have been recorded by Dai et al. (2004). In this paper, we treat 27 valid species and one species complex, including four new species, give six new records for China, and provide a checklist and key to all Chinese species. For some of the species recorded from China by Dai et al., (2004) we lack specimens (as noted in the text) and as they were not illustrated by these authors their identities need to be confirmed. Repositories. The specimens examined are deposited in the Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China (NWAFU), Agriculture University of China (CAU), Zhongshan University (ZSU), Guangdong Entomological Institute (GDEI), Jiangxi Forest Protection Institute (JXFPI) and the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (IZCAS), The Natural History Museum, London, UK (BMNH).

Genus Balclutha Kirkaldy

Gnathodus Fieber, 1866: 505. Preoccupied name. Balclutha Kirkaldy, 1900: 243. new name for Gnathodus Fieber 1866, not Gnathodus Pander, 1856. Type-species: Cicada punctata Fabricius, 1775 Balcluthina Pruthi, 1930: 46, synonymised by Webb & Vilbaste, 1994: 58 For additional synonyms, see Knight (1987).

Selected references. Fieber (1866), Kirkaldy (1900), Pruthi (1930), Blocker (1967), Knight (1987), Webb & Vilbaste (1994), Chiang (1996). Description. Length (including tegmen). Male: 2.3–4.5 mm. General color straw yellow, green to brown. Vertex and pronotum sometimes with brown or orange red longitudinal bands and spots. Head as wide as pronotum, sometimes narrower or slightly wider. Vertex short, anterior margin broadly rounded, rarely protuberant anteromedially. Frontoclypeus narrow, laterofrontal sutures extending to ocelli.

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