The Book of Enoch Also Referred to As “Ethiopian Enoch” Or “1 Enoch” Translated from the Ethiopic by Richard Laurence, London, 1883

The Book of Enoch Also referred to as “Ethiopian Enoch” or “1 Enoch” Translated from the Ethiopic by Richard Laurence, London, 1883

CHAPTER 1 hosts; and be manifested in the 1The word of the blessing of strength of his power from heaven. Enoch, how he blessed the elect and the righteous, who were to 5All shall be afraid, and the Watch- exist in the time of trouble; reject- ers be terrified. ing all the wicked and ungodly. 6Great fear and trembling shall a Enoch, a righteous man, who was seize them, even to the ends of the with God, answered and spoke, earth. The lofty mountains shall while his eyes were open, and be troubled, and the exalted hills while he saw a holy vision in the depressed, melting like a honey- heavens. This the angels showed comb in the flame. The earth shall me. be immerged, and all things which 2From them I heard all things, and are in it perish; while judgment understood what I saw; that which shall come upon all, even upon all will not take place in this genera- the righteous: tion, but in a generation which is 7But to them shall he give peace: to succeed at a distant period, on he shall preserve the elect, and account of the elect. towards them exercise clemency. 3 Upon their account I spoke and 8Then shall all belong to God; be conversed with him, who will go happy and blessed; and the splen- forth from his habitation, the Holy dour of the Godhead shall illumi- and Mighty One, the God of the nate them. world: 4Who will hereafter tread upon CHAPTER 2 Mount Sinai; appear with his 1Behold, he comes with ten thousands of his saints, to execute a. Italicized words supply a gap in the judgment upon them, and destroy text. the wicked, and reprove all the

1 Chapter 3

carnal for everything which the its very beginning; while you seek sinful and ungodly have done, and for a covered and shady spot on committed against him.a account of the burning sun; while the earth is scorched up with fer- CHAPTER 3 vid heat, and you become incapable of walking either upon the 1All who are in the heavens know ground or upon the rocks in con- what is transacted there. sequence of that heat. 2They know that the heavenly luminaries change not their paths; that CHAPTER 6 each rises and sets regularly, every one at its proper period, 1They consider how the trees, when without transgressing the com- they put forth their green leaves, mands, which they have received. become covered, and produce They behold the earth, and under- fruit; understanding everything, stand what is there transacted, and knowing that He who lives from the beginning to the end of for ever does all these things for it. you: 3 They see that every work of God 2That the works at the beginning of is invariable in the period of its every existing year, that all his appearance. They behold summer works, are subservient to him, and and winter: perceiving that the invariable; yet as God has whole earth is full of water; and appointed, so are all things that the cloud, the dew, and the brought to pass. rain refresh it. 3They see, too, how the seas and CHAPTER 4 the rivers together complete their respective operations: 1They consider and behold every 4 tree, how it appears to wither, and But you endure not patiently, nor every leaf to fall off, except of fulfill the commandments of the fourteen trees, which are not Lord; but you transgress and deciduous; which wait from the calumniate his greatness; and old, to the appearance of the new malignant are the words in your leaf, for two or three winters. polluted mouths against his Maj- esty. CHAPTER 5 5You withered in heart, no peace 1Again they consider the days of shall be to you! summer, that the sun is upon it at 6Therefore your days shall you curse, and the years of your lives a. Quoted by Jude, vss. 14, 15. shall perish; perpetual execration

2 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 7

shall be multiplied, and you shall each other, Come, let us select for not obtain mercy. ourselves wives from the progeny 7In those days shall you resign of men, and let us beget children. your peace with the eternal male- 3Then their leader Samyaza said to dictions of all the righteous, and them; I fear that you may perhaps sinners shall perpetually execrate be indisposed to the performance you; of this enterprise; 8 Shall execrate you with the 4And that I alone shall suffer for so ungodly. grievous a crime. 9 The elect shall possess light, joy, 5But they answered him and said; and peace; and they shall inherit We all swear; the earth. 6 10 And bind ourselves by mutual But you, you unholy, shall be execrations, that we will not accursed. change our intention, but execute 11Then shall wisdom be given to our projected undertaking. the elect, all of whom shall live, 7Then they swore all together, and and not again transgress by impi- all bound themselves by mutual ety or pride; but shall humble execrations. Their whole number themselves, possessing prudence, was two hundred, who descended and shall not repeat transgression. upon Ardis,b which is the top of 12They shall not be condemned the mount Armon. whole period of their lives, not die 8That mountain therefore was in torment and indignation; but called Armon, because they had the sum of their days shall be sworn upon it,c and bound them- completed, and they shall grow selves by mutual execrations. old in peace; while the years of their happiness shall be multiplied 9These are the names of their with joy, and with peace, for ever, chiefs: Samyaza, who was their the whole duration of their existence. a. An Aramaic text reads “Watchers” here (J.T. Milik, Aramaic Fragments of CHAPTER 7 Qumran Cave 4 [Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1976], p. 167). 1 It happened after the sons of men b. Upon Ardis. Or, “in the days of had multiplied in those days, that Jared” (R.H. Charles, ed. and trans., The daughters were born to them, ele- Book of Enoch [Oxford: Clarendon Press, gant and beautiful. 1893], p. 63). 2And when the angels,a the sons of c. Mt. Armon, or Mt. Hermon, derives heaven, beheld them, they became its name from the Hebrew word herem, a enamoured of them, saying to curse (Charles, p. 63).

The Book of Enoch • 3 Chapter 8

leader, Urakabarameel, Akibeel, 13When they turned themselves Tamiel, Ramuel, Danel, Azkeel, against men, in order to devour Saraknyal, Asael, Armers, them; Batraal, Anane, Zavebe, Sam- 14And began to injure birds, beasts, saveel, Ertael, Turel, Yomyael, reptiles, and fishes, to eat their Arazyal. These were the prefects flesh one after another,c and to of the two hundred angels, and the drink their blood. a remainder were all with them. 15Then the earth reproved the 10Then they took wives, each unrighteous. choosing for himself; whom they began to approach, and with CHAPTER 8 whom they cohabited; teaching 1Moreover Azazyel taught men to them sorcery, incantations, and make swords, knives, shields, the dividing of roots and trees. breastplates, the fabrication of 11 mirrors, and the workmanship of And the women conceiving bracelets and ornaments, the use b brought forth giants, of paint, the beautifying of the 12Whose stature was each three eyebrows, the use of stones of hundred cubits. These devoured every valuable and select kind, all which the labor of men pro- and all sorts of dyes, so that the duced; until it became impossible world became altered. 2 to feed them; Impiety increased; fornication multiplied; and they transgressed a. The Aramaic texts preserve an earlier and corrupted all their ways. list of names of these Watchers: 3Amazarak taught all the sorcerers, Semihazah; Artqoph; Ramtel; Kokabel; and dividers of roots: Ramel; Danieal; Zeqiel; Baraqel; Asael; 4 Hermoni; Matarel; Ananel; Stawel; Armers taught the solution of sor- Samsiel; Sahriel; Tummiel; Turiel; cery; Yomiel; Yhaddiel (Milik, p. 151). 5Barkayal taught the observers of b. The Greek texts vary considerably the stars,d from the Ethiopic text here. One Greek 6Akibeel taught signs; manuscript adds to this section, “And they [the women] bore to them [the Watchers] three races—first, the great c. Their flesh one after another. Or, giants. The giants brought forth [some “one another’s flesh.” R.H. Charles notes say “slew”] the Naphelim, and the that this phrase may refer to the Naphelim brought forth [or “slew”] the destruction of one class of giants by Elioud. And they existed, increasing in another (Charles, p. 65). power according to their greatness.” See d. Observers of the stars. Astrologers the account in the Book of Jubilees. (Charles, p. 67).

4 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 9

7Tamiel taught astronomy; before you. You behold all things, 8And Asaradel taught the motion and nothing can be concealed of the moon, from you. 5 9And men, being destroyed, cried You have seen what Azazyel has out; and their voice reached to done, how he has taught every heaven. species of iniquity upon earth, and has disclosed to the world all the secret things which are done in CHAPTER 9 the heavens. 1 Then Michael and Gabriel, 6Samyaza also has taught sorcery, Raphael, Suryal, and Uriel, to whom you have given authority looked down from heaven, and over those who are associated saw the quantity of blood which with him. They have gone was shed on earth, and all the together to the daughters of men; iniquity which was done upon it, have lain with them; have become and said one to another, It is the polluted; voice of their cries; 7 b 2 And have discovered crimes to The earth deprived of her children them. has cried even to the gate of 8 heaven. The women likewise have 3 brought forth giants. And now to you, O you holy one 9 of heaven, the souls of men com- Thus has the whole earth been plain, saying, Obtain Justice for filled with blood and with iniq- us witha the Most High. Then uity. they said to their Lord, the King, 10And now behold the souls of You are Lord of lords, God of those who are dead, cry out. gods, King of kings. The throne 11And complain even to the gate of of your glory is for ever and ever, heaven. and for ever and ever is your 12 name sanctified and glorified. Their groaning ascends; nor can You are blessed and glorified. they escape from the unrighteous- 4 ness which is committed on earth. You have made all things; you You know all things, before they possess power over all things; and exist. all things are open and manifest 13You know these things, and what a. Obtain justice for us with. Literally, has been done by them; yet you “Bring judgment to us from.” (Richard do not speak to us. Laurence, ed. and trans., The Book of Enoch the Prophet [London: Kegan Paul, b. Discovered crimes. Or, “revealed Trench & Co., 1883], p. 9). these sins” (Charles, p. 70).

The Book of Enoch • 5 Chapter 10

14What on account of these things announce life to it, that I may ought we to do to them? revive it. 11All the sons of men shall not per- CHAPTER 10 ish in consequence of every 1Then the Most High, the Great secret, by which the Watchers and Holy One spoke, have destroyed, and which they have taught, their offspring. 2And sent Arsayalalyura to the son 12 of Lamech, All the earth has been corrupted by the effects of the teaching of 3Saying, Say to him in my name, Azazyel. To him therefore ascribe Conceal yourself. the whole crime. 4Then explain to him the consum- 13To Gabriel also the Lord said, Go mation which is about to take to the biters,b to the reprobates, to place; for all the earth shall per- the children of fornication; and ish; the waters of a deluge shall destroy the children of fornica- come over the whole earth, and all tion, the offspring of the Watch- things which are in it shall be ers, from among men; bring them destroyed. forth, and excite them one against 5 And now teach him how he may another. Let them perish by escape, and how his seed may mutual slaughter; for length of remain in all the earth. days shall not be theirs. 6 Again the Lord said to Raphael, 14They shall all entreat you, but Bind Azazyel hand and foot; cast their fathers shall not obtain their him into darkness; and opening wishes respecting them; for they the desert which is in Dudael, cast shall hope for eternal life, and that him in there. they may live, each of them, five 7Throw upon him hurled and hundred years. pointed stones, covering him with 15To Michael likewise the Lord darkness; said, Go and announce his crime 8There shall he remain for ever; to Samyaza, and to the others who cover his face, that he may not see are with him, who have been the light. associated with women, that they might be polluted with all their 9And in the great day of judgment impurity. And when all their sons let him be cast into the fire. shall be slain, when they shall see 10Restore the earth, which the angels have corrupted; and b. Biters. More accurately, “bastards” (Charles, p. 73; Michael A. Knibb, ed. a. Arsayalalyur. Here one Greek text and trans., The Ethiopic Book of Enoch reads “Uriel.” [Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1978], p. 88).

6 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 10

the perdition of their beloved, completed in peace. In those days bind them for seventy genera- all the earth shall be cultivated in tions underneath the earth, even to righteousness; it shall be wholly the day of judgment, and of con- planted with trees, and filled with summation, until the judgment, benediction; every tree of delight the effect of which will last for shall be planted in it. ever, be completed. 24In it shall vines be planted; and 16Then shall they be taken away the vine which shall be planted in into the lowest depths of the fire it shall yield fruit to satiety; every in torments; and in confinement seed, which shall be sown in it, shall they be shut up for ever. shall produce for one measure a 17Immediately after this shall he,a thousand; and one measure of together with them, burn and per- olives shall produce ten presses of ish; they shall be bound until the oil. consummation of many genera- 25Purify the earth from all oppres- tions. sion, from all injustice, from all 18Destroy all the souls addicted to crime, from all impiety, and from dalliance,b and the offspring of all the pollution which is commit- the Watchers, for they have tyran- ted upon it. Exterminate them nized over mankind. from the earth. 26 19Let every oppressor perish from Then shall all the children of the face of the earth; men be righteous, and all nations 20 shall pay me divine honours, and Let every evil work be bless me; and all shall adore me. destroyed; 27 21 The earth shall be cleansed from The plant of righteousness and of all corruption, from every crime, rectitude appear, and its produce from all punishment, and from all become a blessing. suffering; neither will I again send 22Righteousness and rectitude shall a deluge upon it from generation be for ever planted with delight. to generation for ever. 23And then shall all the saints give 28In those days I will open the trea- thanks, and live until they have sures of blessing which are in begotten a thousand children, heaven, that I may cause them to while the whole period of their descend upon earth, and upon all youth, and their sabbaths shall be the works and labour of man. 29Peace and equity shall associate a. He. I.e., Samyaza. with the sons of men all the days b. Dalliance. Or, “lust” (Knibb, p. 90; of the world, in every generation cp. Charles, p. 76). of it.

The Book of Enoch • 7 (No Chapter 11)

(NO CHAPTER 11) peace. A great sentence is gone forth against you. He shall bind you; CHAPTER 12 2Neither shall relief, mercy, and 1Before all these things Enoch was supplication be yours, on account concealed; nor did any one of the of the oppression which you have sons of men know where he was taught; concealed, where he had been, 3And on account of every act of and what had happened. blasphemy, tyranny, and sin, 2He was wholly engaged with the which you have discovered to the holy ones, and with the Watchers children of men. in his days. 4Then departing from him I spoke 3I, Enoch, was blessing the great to them all together; Lord and King of peace. 5And they all became terrified, and 4And behold the Watchers called trembled; me Enoch the scribe. 6Beseeching me to write for them a 5Then the Lord said to me: Enoch, memorial of supplication, that scribe of righteousness, go tell the they might obtain forgiveness; Watchers of heaven, who have and that I might make the memo- deserted the lofty sky, and their rial of their prayer ascend up holy everlasting station, who have before the God of heaven; been polluted with women. because they could not them- 6And have done as the sons of men selves thenceforwards address do, by taking to themselves wives, him, nor raise up their eyes to and who have been greatly cor- heaven on account of the dis- rupted on the earth; graceful offence for which they 7 were judged. That on the earth they shall never 7 obtain peace and remission of sin. Then I wrote a memorial of their For they shall not rejoice in their prayer and supplications, for their offspring; they shall behold the spirits, for everything which they slaughter of their beloved; shall had done, and for the subject of lament for the destruction of their their entreaty, that they might sons; and shall petition for ever; obtain remission and rest. but shall not obtain mercy and 8Proceeding on, I continued over peace. the waters of Danbadan,a which is on the right to the west of Armon, CHAPTER 13 1Then Enoch, passing on, said to a. Danbadan. Dan in Dan (Knibb, p. Azazyel: You shalt not obtain 94).

8 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 14

reading the memorial of their 2And understand with the heart. As prayer, until I fell asleep. he has created and given to men the power of comprehending the 9And behold a dream came to me, word of understanding, so has he and visions appeared above me. I created and given to me the power fell down and saw a vision of of reproving the Watchers, the off- punishment, that I might relate it spring of heaven. I have written to the sons of heaven, and reprove your petition; and in my vision it them. When I awoke I went to has been shown me, that what you them. All being collected together request will not be granted you as stood weeping in Oubelseyael, long as the world endures. which is situated between Libanos 3Judgment has been passed upon and Seneser,a with their faces you: your request will not be veiled. granted you. 10 I related in their presence all the 4From this time forward, never visions which I had seen, and my shall you ascend into heaven; He dream; has said, that on the earth He will 11And began to utter these words bind you, as long as the world of righteousness, reproving the endures. Watchers of heaven. 5But before these things you shall behold the destruction of your CHAPTER 14 beloved sons; you shall not possess them, but they shall fall 1 This is the book of the words of before you by the sword. righteousness, and of the reproof 6Neither shall you entreat for them, of the Watchers, who belong to not for yourselves; the world,b according to that 7 which He, who is holy and great, But you shall weep and supplicate in silence. The words of the book commanded in the vision. I per- c ceived in my dream, that I was which I wrote. now speaking with a tongue of 8A vision thus appeared to me. flesh, and with my breath, which 9Behold, in that vision clouds and the Mighty One has put into the a mist invited me; agitated stars mouth of men, that they might and flashes of lightning impelled converse with it, c. But you shall weep… I wrote. Or, a. Libanos and Seneser. Lebanon and “Likewise despite your tears and prayers Senir (near Damascus). you will receive nothing whatever b. Who belong to the world. Or, “who contained in the writing which I have (are) from eternity” (Knibb, p. 95). written” (Charles, p. 80).

The Book of Enoch • 9 Chapter 14

and pressed me forwards, while was open before me, erected in winds in the vision assisted my the midst of a vibrating flame. flight, accelerating my progress. 15So greatly did it excel in all 10They elevated me aloft to points, in glory, in magnificence, heaven. I proceeded, until I and in magnitude, that it is impos- arrived at a wall built with stones sible to describe to you either the of crystal. A vibrating flamea sur- splendour or the extent of it. rounded it, which began to strike 16Its floor was on fire; above were me with terror. lightnings and agitated stars, 11Into this vibrating flame I while its roof exhibited a blazing entered; fire. 17 12 Attentively I surveyed it, and And drew nigh to a spacious hab- saw that it contained an exalted itation built also with stones of throne; crystal. Its walls too, as well as 18 pavement, were formed with The appearance of which was stones of crystal, and crystal like- like that of frost; while its circum- wise was the ground. Its roof had ference resembled the orb of the the appearance of agitated stars brilliant sun; and there was the and flashes of lightning; and voice of the cherubim. among them were cherubim of 19From underneath this mighty fire in a stormy sky.b A flame throne rivers of flaming fire burned around its walls; and its issued. portal blazed with fire. When I 20To look upon it was impossible. entered into this dwelling, it was 21One great in glory sat upon it: hot as fire and cold as ice. No 22 trace of delight or of life was Whose robe was brighter than there. Terror overwhelmed me, the sun, and whiter than snow. and a fearful shaking seized me. 23No angel was capable of pene- trating to view the face of Him, 13Violently agitated and trem- the Glorious and the Effulgent; bling, I fell upon my face. In the nor could any mortal behold Him. vision I looked. A fire was flaming around Him. 14 And behold there was another 24A fire also of great extent contin- habitation more spacious than the ued to rise up before Him; so that former, every entrance to which not one of those who surrounded Him was capable of approaching a. Vibrating flame. Literally, “a tongue Him, among the myriads of myri- of fire”. adsc who were before Him. To b. In a stormy sky. Literally, “and their Him holy consultation was need- heaven was water” (Charles, p. 81). less. Yet did not the sanctified,

10 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 15

who were near Him, depart far have polluted yourselves with from Him either by night or by women; have begotten in carnal day; nor were they removed from blood; have lusted in the blood of Him. I also was so far advanced, men; and have done as those who with a veil on my face, and trem- are flesh and blood do. bling. Then the Lord with his own 4These however die and perish. mouth called me, saying, 5 Approach hither, Enoch, at my Therefore have I given to them holy word. wives, that they might cohabit with them; that sons might be 25And He raised me up, making born of them; and that this might me draw near even to the be transacted upon earth. entrance. My eye was directed to 6 the ground. But you from the beginning were made spiritual, possessing a life CHAPTER 15 which is eternal, and not subject to death for ever. 1Then addressing me, He spoke 7 and said, Hear, neither be afraid, Therefore I made not wives for O righteous Enoch, you scribe of you, because, being spiritual, your righteousness: approach hither, dwelling is in heaven. and hear my voice. Go, say to the 8Now the giants, who have been Watchers of heaven, who have born of spirit and of flesh, shall be sent you to pray for them, You called upon earth evil spirits, and ought to pray for men, and not on earth shall be their habitation. men for you. Evil spirits shall proceed from 2Wherefore have you forsaken the their flesh, because they were cre- lofty and holy heaven, which ated from above; from the holy endures for ever, and have lain Watchers was their beginning and with women; have defiled your- primary foundation. Evil spirits selves with the daughters of men; shall they be upon earth, and the have taken to yourselves wives; spirits of the wicked shall they be have acted like the sons of the called. The habitation of the spir- earth, and have begotten an impi- its of heaven shall be in heaven; ous offspring?a but upon earth shall be the habita- 3 tion of terrestrial spirits, who are You being spiritual, holy, and pos- b sessing a life which is eternal, born on earth. 9The spirits of the giants shall be c c. Myriads of myriads. Ten thousand like clouds, which shall oppress, times ten thousands (Knibb, p. 99). a. An impious offspring. Literally, b. Note the many implications of vss. 3– “giants” (Charles, p. 82; Knibb, p. 101). 8 regarding the progeny of evil spirits.

The Book of Enoch • 11 Chapter 16

corrupt, fall, content, and bruise been manifested to you; yet have upon earth. you known a reprobated mystery. 10They shall cause lamentation. No 4And this you have related to food shall they eat; and they shall women in the hardness of your be thirsty; they shall be con- heart, and by that mystery have cealed, and shall nota rise up women and mankind multiplied against the sons of men, and evils upon the earth. against women; for they come 5Say to them, Never therefore shall forth during the days of slaughter you obtain peace. and destruction. CHAPTER 17 CHAPTER 16 1They raised me up into a certain 1 And as to the death of the giants, place, where there wasc the wheresoever their spirits depart appearance of a burning fire; and from their bodies, let their flesh, when they pleased they assumed that which is perishable, be with- the likeness of men. b out judgment. Thus shall they 2 perish, until the day of the great They carried me to a lofty spot, to consummation of the great world. a mountain, the top of which A destruction shall take place of reach to heaven. the Watchers and the impious. 3And I beheld the receptacles of 2And now to the Watchers, who light and of thunder at the extrem- have sent you to pray for them, ities of the place, where it was who in the beginning were in deepest. There was a bow of fire, heaven, and arrows in their quiver, a sword of fire, and every species of 3 Say, In heaven have you been; lightning. secret things, however, have not 4Then they elevated me to a babbling stream,d and to a fire in the c. The Greek word for “clouds” here, west, which received all the set- nephelas, may disguise a more ancient reading, Napheleim (Nephilim). ting of the sun. I came to a river of fire, which flowed like water, a. Shall not. Nearly all manuscripts contain this negative, but Charles, Knibb, and emptied itself into the great and others believe the “not” should be sea westwards. deleted so the phrase reads “shall rise up.” c. Where there was. Or, “where they b. Let their flesh… be without [the angels] were like” (Knibb, p. 103). judgment. Or, “their flesh shall be d. To a babbling stream. Literally, “to destroyed before the judgment” (Knibb, water of life, which spoke” (Laurence, p. p. 102). 23).

12 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 18

5I saw every large river, until I 9Where burnt, both by day and arrived at the great darkness. I night, six mountains formed of went to where all of flesh migrate; glorious stones; three towards the and I beheld the mountains of the east, and three towards the south. gloom which constitutes winter, 10Those which were towards the and the place from which issues east were of a variegated stone; the water in every abyss. one of which was of margarite, 6I saw also the mouths of all the and another of antimony. Those rivers in the world, and the towards the south were of a red mouths of the deep. stone. The middle one reached to heaven like the throne of God; a CHAPTER 18 throne composed of alabaster, the top of which was of sapphire. I 1 I then surveyed the receptacles of saw, too, a blazing fire hanging all the winds, perceiving that they over all the mountains. contributed to adorn the whole 11 creation, and to preserve the foun- And there I saw a place on the dation of the earth. other side of an extended territory, where waters were collected. 2 I surveyed the stone which sup- 12 ports the corners of the earth. I likewise beheld terrestrial fountains, deep in the fiery columns of 3I also beheld the four winds, heaven. which bear up the earth, and the 13And in the columns of heaven I firmament of heaven. beheld fires, which descended 4And I beheld the winds occupying without number, but neither on the exalted sky. high, nor into the deep. Over these fountains also I perceived a 5Arising in the midst of heaven and place which had neither the firma- of earth, and constituting the pil- ment of heaven above it, nor the lars of heaven. solid ground underneath it; nei- 6I saw the winds which turn the ther was there water above it; nor sky, which cause the orb of the anything on wing; but the spot sun and of all the stars to set; and was desolate. over the earth I saw the winds 14And there I beheld seven stars, which support the clouds. like great blazing mountains, and 7I saw the path of the angels. like spirits entreating me. 8I perceived at the extremity of the 15Then the angel said, This place, earth the firmament of heaven until the consummation of heaven above it. Then I passed on and earth, will be the prison of the towards the south; stars, and the host of heaven.

The Book of Enoch • 13 Chapter 19

16The stars which roll over fire are 3Raphael, one of the holy angels, those which transgressed the com- who presides over the spirits of mandment of God before their men. time arrived; for they came not in 4Raguel, one of the holy angels, their proper season. Therefore who inflicts punishment on the was He offended with them, and world and the luminaries. bound them, until the period of 5 the consummation of their crimes Michael, one of the holy angels, in the secret year. who, presiding over human vir- tue, commands the nations. 6Sarakiel, one of the holy angels, CHAPTER 19 who presides over the spirits of 1Then Uriel said, Here the angels, the children of men that trans- who cohabited with women, gress. appointed their leaders; 7Gabriel, one of the holy angels, b 2And being numerous in appear- who presides over Ikisat, over ancea made men profane, and paradise, and over the cherubim. caused them to err; so that they sacrificed to devils as to gods. For CHAPTER 21 in the great day there shall be a 1Then I made a circuit to a place in judgment, with which they shall which nothing was completed. be judged, until they are con- 2 sumed; and their wives also shall And there I beheld neither the tre- be judged, who led astray the mendous workmanship of an angels of heaven that they might exalted heaven, nor of an estab- salute them. lished earth, but a desolate spot, prepared, and terrific. 3 And I, Enoch, I alone saw the 3There, too, I beheld seven stars of likeness of the end of all things. heaven bound in it together, like Nor did any human being see it, great mountains, and like a blaz- as I saw it. ing fire. I exclaimed, For what species of crime have they been CHAPTER 20 bound, and why have they been removed to this place? Then 1These are the names of the angels Uriel, one of the holy angels who who watch. was with me, and who conducted 2Uriel, one of the holy angels, who me, answered: Enoch, wherefore presides over clamor and terror. do you ask; wherefore do you rea- a. Being numerous in appearance. Or, b. Ikisat. The serpents (Charles, p. 92; “assuming many forms” (Knibb, p. 106). Knibb, p. 107).

14 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 22

son with yourself, and anxiously 3Then Raphael, one of the holy inquire? These are those of the angels who were with me, stars which have transgressed the answered and said, These are the commandment of the most high delightful places where the spirits, God; and are here bound, until the the souls of the dead, will be col- infinite number of the days of lected; for them were they their crimes be completed. formed; and here will be collected all the souls of the sons of men. 4From there I afterwards passed on to another terrific place; 4These places, in which they dwell, shall they occupy until the day of 5Where I beheld the operation of a judgment, and until their great fire blazing and glittering, in appointed period. the midst of which there was a division. Columns of fire strug- 5Their appointed period will be gled together to the end of the long, even until the great judg- abyss, and deep was their descent. ment. And I saw the spirits of the But neither its measurement nor sons of men who were dead; and magnitude was I able to discover; their voices reached to heaven, neither could I perceive its origin. while they were accusing. Then I exclaimed, How terrible is 6Then I inquired of Raphael, an this place, and how difficult to angel who was with me, and said, explore! Whose spirit is that, the voice of 6Uriel, one of the holy angels who which reaches to heaven, and was with me, answered and said: accuses? Enoch, why are you alarmed and 7He answered, saying, This is the amazed at this terrific place, at the spirit of Abel who was slain by sight of this place of suffering? Cain his brother; and who will This, he said, is the prison of the accuse that brother, until his seed angels; and here they are kept for be destroyed from the face of the ever. earth; 8Until his seed perish from the CHAPTER 22 seed of the human race. 1From there I proceeded to another 9At that time therefore I inquired spot, where I saw on the west a respecting him, and respecting the great and lofty mountain, a strong general judgment, saying, Why is rock, and four delightful places. one separated from another? He 2Internally it was deep, capacious, answered, Three separations have and very smooth; as smooth as if been made between the spirits of it had been rolled over: it was the dead, and thus have the spirits both deep and dark to behold. of the righteous been separated.

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10 Namely, by a chasm, by water, CHAPTER 23 and by light above it. 1From there I went to another 11 And in the same way likewise place, towards the west, unto the are sinners separated when they extremities of the earth. die, and are buried in the earth; 2Where I beheld a fire blazing and judgment not overtaking them in running along without cessation, their lifetime. 12 which intermitted its course nei- Here their souls are separated. ther by day nor by night; but con- Moreover, abundant is their suf- tinued always the same. fering until the time of the great 3 judgment, the castigation, and the I inquired, saying, What is this, torment of those who eternally which never ceases? execrate, whose souls are pun- 4Then Raguel, one of the holy ished and bound there for ever. angels who were with me, 13And thus has it been from the answered, beginning of the world. Thus has 5And said, This blazing fire, which there existed a separation between you behold running towards the the souls of those who utter com- west, is that of all the luminaries plaints, and of those who watch of heaven. for their destruction, to slaughter them in the day of sinners. CHAPTER 24 14 A receptacle of this sort has been 1I went from there to another place, formed for the souls of unrigh- and saw a mountain of fire flash- teous men, and of sinners; of ing both by day and night. I pro- those who have completed crime, ceeded towards it; and perceived and associated with the impious, seven splendid mountains, which whom they resemble. Their souls were all different from each other. shall not be annihilated in the day 2 of judgment, neither shall they Their stones were brilliant and beautiful; all were brilliant and arise from this place. Then I blessed God, splendid to behold; and beautiful 15 was their surface. Three moun- And said, Blessed by my Lord, tains were towards the east, and the Lord of glory and of righ- strengthened by being placed one teousness, who reigns over all for upon another; and three were ever and for ever. towards the south, strengthened in a similar manner. There were likewise deep valleys, which did not approach each other. And the seventh mountain was in the midst of them. In length they all resembled

16 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 25

the seat of a throne, and odorifer- until the period of the great judg- ous trees surrounded them. ment. When all shall be punished 3Among these there was a tree of and consumed for ever, this shall an unceasing smell; nor of those be bestowed on the righteous and which were in Eden was there one humble. The fruit of the tree shall of all the fragrant trees which be given to the elect. For towards smelt like this. Its leaf, its flower, the north life shall be planted in and its bark never withered, and the holy place, towards the habita- its fruit was beautiful. tion of the everlasting King. 10 4Its fruit resembled the cluster of Then shall they greatly rejoice the palm. I exclaimed, Behold! and exult in the Holy One. The This tree is goodly in aspect, sweet odor shall enter into their pleasing in its leaf, and the sight bones; and they shall live a long of its fruit is delightful to the eye. life on the earth as your forefa- Then Michael, one of the holy and thers have lived; neither in their glorious angels who were with days shall sorrow, distress, trou- me, and one who presided over ble, and punishment afflict them. them, answered, 11And I blessed the Lord of glory, 5And said: Enoch, why do you the everlasting King, because He inquire respecting the odour of has prepared this tree for the this tree? saints, formed it, and declared that 6Why are you inquisitive to know He would give it to them. it? 7Then I, Enoch, replied to him, and CHAPTER 25 said, Concerning everything I am 1From there I proceeded to the desirous of instruction, but partic- middle of the earth, and beheld a ularly concerning this tree. happy and fertile spot, which con- 8He answered me, saying, That tained branches continually mountain which you behold, the sprouting from the trees which extent of whose head resembles were planted in it. There I saw a the seat of the Lord, will be the holy mountain, and underneath it seat on which shall sit the holy water on the eastern side, which and great Lord of glory, the ever- flowed towards the south. I saw lasting King, when he shall come also on the east another mountain and descend to visit the earth with as high as that; and between them goodness. there were deep, but not wide valleys. 9And that tree of an agreeable smell, not one of carnal odor, 2Water ran towards the mountain to there shall be no power to touch, the west of this; and underneath

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there was likewise another moun- making mention, as was meet, of tain. His greatness. 3There was a valley, but not a wide one, below it; and in the midst of CHAPTER 27 them were other deep and dry val- 1From there I proceeded towards leys towards the extremity of the the east to the middle of the three. All these valleys, which mountain in the desert, the level were deep, but not side, consisted surface only of which I perceived. of a strong rock, with a tree which 2It was full of trees of the seed was planted in them. And I won- alluded to; and water leaped down dered at the rock and at the val- upon it. leys, being extremely surprised. 3There appeared a cataract composed as of many cataracts both CHAPTER 26 1 towards the west and towards the Then I said, What means this east. Upon one side were trees; blessed land, all these lofty trees, upon the other water and dew. and the accursed valley between them? CHAPTER 28 2 Then Uriel, one of the holy angels 1Then I went to another place from who were with me, replied, This the desert; towards the east of that valley is the accursed of the mountain which I had accursed for ever. Here shall be approached. collected all who utter with their 2 a mouths unbecoming language There I beheld choice trees, par- against God, and speak harsh ticularly, those which produce the things of His glory. Here shall sweet-smelling opiate, frankin- they be collected. Here shall be cense and myrrh; and trees unlike their territory. to each other. 3 3In the latter days an example of And over it, above them, was the judgment shall be made of them elevation of the eastern mountain in righteousness before the saints; at no great distance. while those who have received mercy shall for ever, all their CHAPTER 29 days, bless God, the everlasting 1I likewise saw another place with King. valleys of water which never 4And at the period of judgment wasted, shall they bless Him for his mercy, as He has distributed it to a. Choice trees. Literally, “trees of them. Then I blessed God, judgment” (Laurence, p. 35; Knibb, p. addressing myself to Him, and 117).

18 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 32

2Where I perceived a goodly tree, And when I was advanced far which in smell resembled Zasaki- beyond it, I passed along above non.a the angel Zateel, and arrived at 3And towards the sides of these the garden of righteousness. In valleys I perceived cinnamon of a this garden I beheld, among other sweet odour. Over them I trees, some which were numer- advanced towards the east. ous and large, and which flour- ished there. 3 CHAPTER 30 Their fragrance was agreeable and 1 powerful, and their appearance Then I beheld another mountain both varied and elegant. The tree containing trees, from which of knowledge also was there, of water flowed like Neketro,b Its c which if any one eats, he becomes name was Sarira, and Kalboneba. endowed with great wisdom. And upon this mountain I beheld 4 another mountain, upon which It was like a species of the tama- were trees of Alva.d rind tree, bearing fruit which 2 resembled grapes extremely fine; These trees were full, like almond and its fragrance extended to a trees, and strong; and when they considerable distance. I produced fruit, it was superior to exclaimed, How beautiful is this all redolence. tree, and how delightful is its appearance! CHAPTER 31 5Then holy Raphael, an angel who 1After these things, surveying the was with me, answered and said, entrances of the north, above the This is the tree of knowledge, of mountains, I perceived seven which your ancient father and mountains replete with pure nard, your aged mother ate, who were odoriferous trees, cinnamon and before you; and who, obtaining papyrus. knowledge, their eyes being 2From there I passed on above the opened, and knowing themselves summits of those mountains to to be naked, were expelled from some distance eastwards, and the garden. went over the Erythraean sea.e CHAPTER 32 a. Zasakinon. The mastic tree (Knibb, 1From there I went on towards the p. 118). extremities of the earth; where I b. Neketro. A nectar (Knibb, p. 119). saw large beasts different from c. Sarira, and Kalboneba. Styrax and each other, and birds various in galbanum (Knibb, p. 119). d. Alva. Aloe (Knibb, p. 119). e. Erythraean sea. The Red Sea.

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their countenances and forms, as violence and force. They blew well as with notes of different over the earth strongly. sounds. 2To the east of these beasts I per- CHAPTER 34 ceived the extremities of the 1From there I went to the extremi- earth, where heaven ceased. The ties of the world westwards; gates of heaven stood open, and I 2Where I perceived three gates beheld the celestial stars come open, as I had seen in the north; forth. I numbered them as they the gates and passages through proceeded out of the gate, and them being of equal magnitude. wrote them all down, as they came out one by one according to CHAPTER 35 their number. I wrote down their 1 names altogether, their times and Then I proceeded to the extremi- their seasons, as the angel Uriel, ties of the earth southwards; who was with me, pointed them where I saw three gates open to out to me. the south, from which issued dew, 3 rain, and wind. He showed them all to me, and 2 wrote down an account of them. From there I went to the extremi- 4 ties of heaven eastwards; where I He also wrote down for me their saw three heavenly gates open to names, their regulations, and their the east, which had smaller gates operations. within them. Through each of these small gates the stars of CHAPTER 33 heaven passed on, and proceeded 1From there I advanced on towards towards the west by a path which the north, to the extremities of the was seen by them, and that at earth. every period of their appearance. 3 2And there I saw a great and glori- When I beheld them, I blessed; ous wonder at the extremities of every time in which they the whole earth. appeared, I blessed the Lord of 3 glory, who had made those great I saw there heavenly gates open- and splendid signs, that they ing into heaven; three of them dis- might display the magnificence of tinctly separated. The northern his works to angels and to the winds proceeded from them, souls of men; and that these might blowing cold, hail, frost, snow, glorify all his works and opera- dew, and rain. tions; might see the effect of his 4From one of the gates they blew power; might glorify the great mildly; but when they blew from labour of his hands; and bless him the two other gates, it was with for ever.

20 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 38

2 (NO CHAPTER 36) When righteousness shall be man- ifesteda in the presence of the righteous themselves, who will be CHAPTER 37 elected for their good works duly 1The vision which he saw, the sec- weighed by the Lord of spirits; ond vision of wisdom, which and when the light of the righ- Enoch saw, the son of Jared, the teous and the elect, who dwell on son of Malaleel, the son of Canan, earth, shall be manifested; where the son of Enos, the son of Seth, will the habitation of sinners be? the son of Adam. This is the com- And where the place of rest for mencement of the word of wis- those who have rejected the Lord dom, which I received to declare of spirits? It would have been bet- and tell to those who dwell upon ter for them, had they never been earth. Hear from the beginning, born. and understand to the end, the 3 holy things which I utter in the When, too, the secrets of the righ- presence of the Lord of spirits. teous shall be revealed, then shall Those who were before us sinners be judged; and impious thought it good to speak; men shall be afflicted in the pres- 2And let not us, who come after, ence of the righteous and the obstruct the beginning of wisdom. elect. Until the present period never has 4From that period those who pos- there been given before the Lord sess the earth shall cease to be of spirits that which I have powerful and exalted. Neither received, wisdom according the shall they be capable of beholding capacity of my intellect, and the countenances of the holy; for according to the pleasure of the Lord of spirits; that which I have the light of the countenances of received from him, a portion of the holy, the righteous, and the life eternal. elect, has been seen by the Lord of spirits.b 3And I obtained three parables, which I declared to the inhabitants of the world. a. When righteousness shall be manifested. Or, “when the Righteous One appears” (Knibb, p. 125; cp. Charles, CHAPTER 38 p. 112). 1 Parable the first. When the con- b. For the light… Lord of spirits. Or, gregation of the righteous shall be “for the light of the Lord of spirits will manifested; and sinners be judged have appeared on the face of the holy, the for their crimes, and be troubled righteous, and the chosen” (Knibb, p. in the sight of the world; 126).

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5Yet shall not the mighty kings of 5At that time my eyes beheld the that period be destroyed; but be dwelling of the elect, of truth, delivered into the hands of the faith, and righteousness. righteous and the holy. 6Countless shall be the number of 6Nor thenceforwards shall any the holy and the elect, in the presence of God for ever and for ever. obtain commiseration from the 7 Lord of spirits, because their lives Their residence I beheld under the in this world will have been com- wings of the Lord of spirits. All pleted. the holy and the elect sung before him, in appearance like a blaze of fire; their mouths being full of CHAPTER 39 blessings, and their lips glorifying 1In those days shall the elect and the name of the Lord of spirits. holy race descend from the upper And righteousness incessantly heavens, and their seed shall then dwelt before him. 8 be with the sons of men. Enoch There was I desirous of remain- received books of indignation and ing, and my soul longed for that wrath, and books of hurry and habitation. There was my ante- agitation. cedent inheritance; for thus had I prevailed before the Lord of spir- 2 Never shall they obtain mercy, its. saith the Lord of spirits. 9 At that time I glorified and 3A cloud then snatched me up, and extolled the name of the Lord of the wind raised me above the sur- spirits with blessing and with face of the earth, placing me at the praise; for he has established it extremity of the heavens. with blessing and with praise, according to his own good plea- 4 There I saw another vision; I saw sure. the habitations and resting places 10That place long did my eyes con- of the saints. There my eyes template. I blessed and said, beheld their habitations with the Blessed be he, blessed from the angels, and their resting places beginning for ever. In the begin- with the holy ones. They were ning, before the world was cre- entreating, supplicating, and pray- ated, and without end is his ing for the sons of men; while knowledge. righteousness like water flowed 11What is this world? Of every before them, and mercy like dew existing generation those shall was scattered over the earth. And bless you who do not spiritually thus shall it be with them for ever sleep but stand before your glory, and for ever. blessing, glorifying, exalting you,

22 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 41

and saying, The holy, holy, Lord 7The fourth voice I heard expelling of spirits, fills the whole world of the impious angels,a and prohibit- spirits. ing them from entering into the 12 presence of the Lord of spirits, to There my eyes beheld all who, b without sleeping, stand before prefer accusations against the him and bless him, saying, inhabitants of the earth. Blessed be you, and blessed be 8After this I besought the angel of the name of God for ever and for peace, who proceeded with me, to ever. Then my countenance explain all that was concealed. I became changed, until I was inca- said to him, Who are those whom pable of seeing. I have seen on the four sides, and who words I have heard and writ- CHAPTER 40 ten down? He replied, The first is the merciful, the patient, the holy 1After this I beheld thousands of Michael. thousands, and myriads of myriads, and an infinite number of 9The second is he who presides people, standing before the Lord over every suffering and every of spirits. affliction of the sons of men, the 2On the four wings likewise of the holy Raphael. The third, who pre- Lord of spirits, on the four sides, I sides over all that is powerful, is perceived others, besides those Gabriel. And the fourth, who pre- who were standing before him. sides over repentance, and the Their names, too, I know; because hope of those who will inherit the angel, who proceeded with eternal life, is Phanuel. These are me, declared them to me, discov- the four angels of the most high ering to me every secret thing. God, and their four voices, which at that time I heard. 3Then I heard the voices of those upon the four sides magnifying the Lord of glory. CHAPTER 41 1 4The first voice blessed the Lord of After this I beheld the secrets of spirits for ever and for ever. the heavens and of paradise, according to its divisions; and of 5The second voice I heard blessing the Elect One, and the elect who a. Impious angels. Literally, “the suffer on account of the Lord of Satans” (Laurence, p. 45; Knibb, p. 128). spirits. Ha-satan in Hebrew (“the adversary”) 6The third voice I heard petitioning was originally the title of an office, not and praying for those who dwell the name of an angel. upon earth, and supplicate the b. Prefer accusations against. Or, “to name of the Lord of spirits. accuse” (Charles, p. 119).

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human action, as they weight it their proceeding forth before the there in balances. I saw the habi- sun, and their adherence to the tations of the elect, and the habita- path allotted them,a in obedience tions of the holy. And there my to the command of the Lord of eyes beheld all the sinners, who spirits. Potent is his name for ever denied the Lord of glory, and and for ever. whom they were expelling from 5 there, and dragging away, as they After this I perceived, that the stood there; no punishment pro- path both concealed and manifest ceeding against them from the of the moon, as well as the Lord of spirits. progress of its path, was there 2 completed by day and by night; There, too, my eyes beheld the while each, one with another, secrets of the lightning and the looked towards the Lord of spir- thunder; and the secrets of the its, magnifying and praising with- winds, how they are distributed as out cessation, since praise to them they blow over the earth: the is rest; for in the splendid sun secrets of the winds, of the dew, there is a frequent conversion to and of the clouds. There I per- blessing and to malediction. ceived the place from which they issued forth, and became satu- 6The course of the moon’s path to rated with the dust of the earth. the righteous is light, but to sin- 3There I saw the wooden recepta- ners it is darkness; in the name of cles out of which the winds the Lord of spirits, who created a became separated, the receptacle division between light and dark- of hail, the receptacle of snow, the ness, and, separating the spirits of receptacle of the clouds, and the men, strengthened the spirits of cloud itself, which continued over the righteous in the name of his the earth before the creation of the own righteousness. world. 7Nor does the angel prevent this, 4I beheld also the receptacles of the neither is he endowed with the moon, whence they came, whither power of preventing it; for the they proceeded, their glorious Judge beholds them all, and return, and how one became more judges them all in his own pres- splendid than another. I marked ence. their rich progress, their unchangeable progress, their dis- a. Their proceeding forth… path united and undiminished allotted them. Or, “the sun goes out first progress; their observance of a and completes its journey” (Knibb, p. mutual fidelity by a stable oath; 129; cp. Charles, p. 122).

24 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 45

CHAPTER 42 CHAPTER 44 1 1Wisdom found not a place on Another thing also I saw respect- earth where she could inhabit; her ing splendour; that it rises out of dwelling therefore is in heaven. the stars, and becomes splendour; being incapable of forsaking 2 Wisdom went forth to dwell them. among the sons of men, but she obtained not a habitation. Wisdom CHAPTER 45 returned to her place, and seated 1 herself in the midst of the angels. Parable the second, respecting But iniquity went forth after her these who deny the name of the return, who unwillingly found a habitation of the holy ones, and of habitation, and resided among the Lord of spirits. them, as rain in the desert, and as 2Heaven they shall not ascend, nor a dew in a thirsty land. shall they come on the earth. This shall be the portion of sinners, who deny the name of the Lord of CHAPTER 43 spirits, and who are thus reserved 1I beheld another splendour, and for the day of punishment and of the stars of heaven. I observed affliction. that he called them all by their 3In that day shall the Elect One sit respective names, and that they upon a throne of glory; and shall heard. In a righteous balance I choose their conditions and count- saw that he weighed out with their less habitations, while their spirits light the amplitude of their places, within them shall be strengthened, and the day of their appearance, when they behold my Elect One, and their conversion. Splendour for those who have fled for pro- produced splendour; and their tection to my holy and glorious conversion was into the number name. of the angels, and of the faithful. 4In that day I will cause my Elect 2Then I inquired of the angel, who One to dwell in the midst of them; proceeded with me, and explained will change the face of heaven; to me secret things, What their will bless it, and illuminate it for names were. He answered. A ever. similitude of those has the Lord of 5I will also change the face of the spirits shown you. They are earth, will bless it; and cause names of the righteous who dwell those whom I have elected to upon earth, and who believe in the dwell upon it. But those who have name of the Lord of spirits for committed sin and iniquity shall ever and for ever. not inhabit it, for I have marked

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their proceedings. My righteous because they will not exalt and ones will I satisfy with peace, praise him, nor humble them- placing them before me; but the selves before him, by whom their condemnation of sinners shall kingdoms were granted to them. draw near, that I may destroy The countenance likewise of the them from the face of the earth. mighty shall He cast down, filling them with confusion. Darkness CHAPTER 46 shall be their habitation, and 1There I beheld the Ancient of worms shall be their bed; nor days, whose head was like white from that their bed shall they wool, and with him another, hope to be again raised, because whose countenance resembled they exalted not the name of the that of man. His countenance was Lord of spirits. full of grace, like that of one of 5They shall condemn the stars of the holy angels. Then I inquired heaven, shall lift up their hands of one of the angels, who went against the Most High, shall tread with me, and who showed me upon and inhabit the earth, exhib- every secret thing, concerning this iting all their acts of iniquity, even Son of man; who he was; whence their works of iniquity. Their he was and why he accompanied strength shall be in their riches, the Ancient of days. and their faith in the gods whom 2He answered and said to me, This they have formed with their own is the Son of man, to whom righ- hands. They shall deny the name teousness belongs; with whom of the Lord of spirits, and shall righteousness has dwelt; and who expel him from the temples, in will reveal all the treasures of that which they assemble; which is concealed: for the Lord 6 a of spirits has chosen him; and his And with him the faithful, who portion has surpassed all before suffer in the name of the Lord of the Lord of spirits in everlasting spirits. uprightness. 3This Son of man, whom you CHAPTER 47 behold, shall raise up kings and 1In that day the prayer of the holy the mighty from their dwelling and the righteous, and the blood places, and the powerful from of the righteous, shall ascend their thrones; shall loosen the bri- dles of the powerful, and break in a. Shall expel him… the faithful. Or, pieces the teeth of sinners. “will be driven from the houses of his 4He shall hurl kings from their congregation, and of the faithful” (Knibb, thrones and their dominions; p. 132; cp. Charles, p. 131).

26 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 48

from the earth into the presence of dom, having their habitation with the Lord of spirits. the righteous, the elect, and the 2In that day shall the holy ones holy. assemble, who dwell above the 2In that hour was this Son of man heavens, and with united voice invoked before the Lord of spirits, petition, supplicate, praise, laud, and his name in the presence of and bless the name of the Lord of the Ancient of days. spirits, on account of the blood of 3Before the sun and the signs were the righteous which has been created, before the stars of heaven shed; that the prayer of the righ- were formed, his name was teous may not be intermitted invoked in the presence of the before the Lord of spirits; that for Lord of spirits. A support shall he them he would execute judgment; be for the righteous and the holy and that his patience may not to lean upon, without falling; and a endure for ever. he shall be the light of nations. 3 At that time I beheld the Ancient 4He shall be the hope of those of days, while he sat upon the whose hearts are troubled. All, throne of his glory, while the book who dwell on earth, shall fall of the living was opened in his down and worship before him; presence, and while all the powers shall bless and glorify him, and which were above the heavens sing praises to the name of the stood around and before him. Lord of spirits. 4Then were the hearts of the saints 5Therefore the Elect and the Con- full of joy, because the consum- cealed One existed in his pres- mation of righteousness was ence, before the world was arrived, the supplication of the created, and for ever. saints heard, and the blood of the 6In his presence he existed, and has righteous appreciated by the Lord revealed to the saints and to the of spirits. righteous the wisdom of the Lord of spirits; for he has preserved the CHAPTER 48 lot of the righteous, because they 1In that place I beheld a fountain of have hated and rejected this world righteousness, which never failed, of iniquity, and have detested all encircled by many springs of wis- its works and ways, in the name dom. Of these all the thirsty of the Lord of spirits. drank, and were filled with wis- 7For in his name shall they be preserved; and his will shall be their a. That his patience… endure for ever. life. In those days shall the kings Or, “(that) their patience may not have to of the earth and the mighty men, last for ever” (Knibb, p. 133). who have gained the world by

The Book of Enoch • 27 Chapter 48A

their achievements, become hum- 3With him dwells the spirit of intel- ble in countenance. lectual wisdom, the spirit of 8For in the day of their anxiety and instruction and of power, and the trouble their souls shall not be spirit of those who sleep in righ- saved; and they shall be in subjec- teousness; he shall judge secret tion to those whom I have chosen. things. 4 9I will cast them like hay into the Nor shall any be able to utter a fire, and like lead into the water. single word before him; for the Thus shall they burn in the pres- Elect One is in the presence of the ence of the righteous, and sink in Lord of Spirits, according to his the presence of the holy; nor shall own pleasure. a tenth part of them be found. 10But in the day of their trouble, CHAPTER 49 the world shall obtain tranquillity. 1In those days the saints and the 11In his presence shall they fall, chosen shall undergo a change. and not be raised up again; nor The light of day shall rest upon shall there be any one to take them; and the splendour and glory them out of his hands, and to lift of the saints shall be changed. them up: for they have denied the 2In the day of trouble evil shall be Lord of spirits, and his Messiah. heaped up upon sinners; but the The name of the Lord of spirits righteous shall triumph in the shall be blessed. name of the Lord of spirits. 3 CHAPTER 48AA Others shall be made to see, that they must repent, and forsake the 1 Wisdom is poured forth like works of their hands; and that water, and glory fails not before glory awaits them not in the pres- him for ever and ever; for potent ence of the Lord of spirits; yet is he in all the secrets of righ- that by his name they may be teousness. saved. The Lord of spirits will 2But iniquity passes away like a have compassion on them; for shadow, and possesses not a fixed great is his mercy; and righteous- station: for the Elect One stands ness is in his judgment, and in the before the Lord of spirits; and his presence of his glory; nor in his glory is for ever and ever; and his judgment shall iniquity stand. He power from generation to genera- who repents not before him shall tion. perish. 4Henceforward I will not have a. Two consecutive chapters are mercy on them, saith the Lord of numbered “48.” spirits.

28 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 51

2 CHAPTER 50 There my eyes beheld the secrets 1 of heaven, and all which existed In those days shall the earth on earth; a mountain of iron, a deliver up from her womb, and mountain of copper, a mountain hell deliver up from hers, that of silver, a mountain of gold, a which it has received; and mountain of fluid metal, and a destruction shall restore that mountain of lead. which it owes. 3And I inquired of the angel who 2He shall select the righteous and went with me, saying, What are holy from among them; for the these things, which in secret I day of their salvation has behold? approached. 4He said, All these things which 3And in those days shall the Elect you behold shall be for the One sit upon his throne, while dominion of the Messiah, that he every secret of intellectual wis- may command, and be powerful dom shall proceed from his upon earth. mouth, for the Lord of spirits has gifted and glorified him. 5And that angel of peace answered me, saying, Wait but a short time, 4In those days the mountains shall skip like rams, and the hills shall and you shalt understand, and leap like young sheepa satiated every secret thing shall be revealed to you, which the Lord with milk; and all the righteous shall become like angels in of spirits has decreed. Those heaven. mountains which you have seen, the mountain of iron, the moun- 5Their countenance shall be bright tain of copper, the mountain of with joy; for in those days shall silver, the mountain of gold, the the Elect One be exalted. The mountain of fluid metal, and the earth shall rejoice; the righteous mountain of lead, all these in the shall inhabit it, and the elect pos- presence of the Elect One shall be sess it. like a honeycomb before the fire, and like water descending from CHAPTER 51 above upon these mountains; and 1 shall become debilitated before After that period, in the place his feet. where I had seen every secret sight, I was snatched up in a 6In those days men shall not be whirlwind, and carried off west- saved by gold and by silver. wards. 7Nor shall they have it in their power to secure themselves, and a. Cp. Psalm 114:4. to fly.

The Book of Enoch • 29 Chapter 52

8There shall be neither iron for 6After which the righteous and war, nor a coat of mail for the chosen house of his congregation breast. shall appear, and thenceforward 9Copper shall be useless; useless unchangeable in the name of the also that which neither rusts nor Lord of spirits. consumes away; and lead shall 7Nor shall those mountains exist in not be coveted. his presence as the earth and the 10All these things shall be rejected, hills, as the fountains of water and perish from off the earth, exist. And the righteous shall be when the Elect One shall appear relieved from the vexation of sin- in the presence of the Lord of ners. spirits. CHAPTER 53 1 CHAPTER 52 Then I looked and turned myself to another part of the earth, where 1There my eyes beheld a deep val- I beheld a deep valley burning ley; and wide was its entrance. with fire. 2All who dwell on land, on the sea, 2To this valley they brought mon- and in islands, shall bring to it archs and the mighty. gifts, presents, and offerings; yet 3 that deep valley shall not be full. And there my eyes beheld the Their hands shall commit iniquity. instruments which they were Whatsoever they produce by making, fetters of iron without a labour, the sinners shall devour weight. with crime. But they shall perish 4Then I inquired of the angel of from the face of the Lord of spir- peace, who proceeded with me, its, and from the face of his earth. saying, For whom are these fetters They shall stand up, and shall not and instruments prepared? fail for ever and ever. 5He replied, These are prepared for 3I beheld the angels of punishment, the host of Azazeel, that they may who were dwelling there, and pre- be delivered over and adjudged to paring every instrument of Satan. the lowest condemnation; and that 4Then I inquired of the angel of their angels may be overwhelmed peace, who proceeded with me, with hurled stones, as the Lord of for whom those instruments were spirits has commanded. preparing. 6Michael and Gabriel, Raphael and 5He said, These they are preparing Phanuel shall be strengthened in for the kings and powerful ones of the earth, that thus they may per- a. Without weight. Or, “of ish. immeasurable weight” (Knibb, p. 138).

30 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 54

that day, and shall then cast them 2And he sware by his great name, into a furnace of blazing fire, that saying, Henceforwards I will not the Lord of spirits may be act thus towards all those who avenged of them for their crimes; dwell upon earth. because they became ministers of 3But I will place a sign in the heav- Satan, and seduced those who ens;c and it shall be a faithful wit- dwell upon earth. ness between me and them for 7In those days shall punishment go ever, as long as the days of heaven forth from the Lord of spirits; and and earth last upon the earth. the receptacles of water which are 4Afterwards, according to this my above the heavens shall be decree, when I shall be disposed opened, and the fountains like- to seize them beforehand, by the wise, which are under the heavens instrumentality of angels, in the and under the earth. day of affliction and trouble, my 8All the waters, which are in the wrath and my punishment shall heavens and above them, shall be remain upon them, my punish- mixed together. ment and my wrath, saith God the Lord of spirits. 9The water which is above heaven 5 shall be the agent;a O you kings, O you mighty, who inhabit the world you shall behold 10And the water which is under the b my Elect One, sitting upon the earth shall be the recipient: and throne of my glory. And he shall all shall be destroyed who dwell judge Azazeel, all his associates, upon earth, and who dwell under and all his hosts, in the name of the extremities of heaven. the Lord of spirits. 11 By these means shall they under- 6There likewise I beheld hosts of stand the iniquity which they have angels who were moving in pun- committed on earth: and by these ishment, confined in a net-work means shall they perish. of iron and brass. Then I inquired of the angel of peace, who pro- CHAPTER 54 ceeded with me, To whom those 1Afterwards the Ancient of days under confinement were going. repented, and said, In vain have I 7He said, To each of their elect and destroyed all the inhabitants of the their beloved,d that they may be earth. cast into the fountains and deep recesses of the valley. a. Agent. Literally, “male” (Laurence, p. 61). c. Cp. Gen. 9:13, “I do set my bow in the b. Recipient. Literally, “female” cloud, and it shall be for a token of a (Laurence, p. 61). covenant between me and the earth.”

The Book of Enoch • 31 Chapter 55

8And that valley shall be filled shall be immerged; hell shall with their elect and beloved; the destroy and swallow up sinners days of whose life shall be con- from the face of the elect. sumed, but the days of their error shall be innumerable. CHAPTER 55 9 a Then shall princes combine 1After this I beheld another army together, and conspire. The chiefs of chariots with men riding in of the east, among the Parthians them. and Medes, shall remove kings, in 2And they came upon the wind whom a spirit of perturbation from the east, from the west, and shall enter. They shall hurl them from the south.b from their thrones, springing as 3 lions from their dens, and like The sound of the noise of their famished wolves into the midst of chariots was heard. the flock. 4And when that agitation took 10They shall go up, and tread upon place; the saints out of heaven the land of their elect. The land of perceived it; the pillar of the earth their elect shall be before them. shook from its foundation; and the The threshing-floor, the path, and sound was heard from the extrem- the city of my righteous people ities of the earth unto the extremi- shall impede the progress of their ties of heaven at the same time. horses. They shall rise up to 5Then they all fell down, and wor- destroy each other; their right shipped the Lord of spirits. hand shall be strengthened; nor 6This is the end of the second para- shall a man acknowledge his ble. friend or his brother; 11 Nor the son his father and his CHAPTER 56 mother; until the number of the 1 dead bodies shall be completed, I now began to utter the third par- by their death and punishment. able, concerning the saints and the Neither shall this take place with- elect. out cause. 2Blessed are you, O saints and 12In those days shall the mouth of elect, for glorious is your lot. hell be opened, into which they 3The saints shall exist in the light of the sun, and the elect in the d. To each of… their beloved. Or, light of everlasting life, the days “Each to his own chosen ones and to his of whose life shall never termi- own beloved ones” (Knibb, p. 139). a. Princes. Or, “angels” (Charles, p. b. From the south. Literally, “from the 149; Knibb, p. 140). midst of the day” (Laurence, p. 63).

32 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 58

nate; nor shall the days of the was seen by me. For blessing and saints be numbered, who seek for for fertility they lighten. light, and obtain righteousness with the Lord of spirits. CHAPTER 58 4Peace be to the saints with the 1In the five hundredth year, and in Lord of the world. the seventh month, on the four- 5Henceforward shall the saints be teenth day of the month, of the told to seek in heaven the secrets lifetime of Enoch, in that parable, of righteousness, the portion of I saw that the heaven of heavens faith; for like the sun has it arisen shook; that it shook violently; and upon the earth, while darkness has that the powers of the Most High, passed away. There shall be light and the angels, thousands and interminable; nor shall they enter thousands, and myriads of myri- upon the enumeration of time; for ads, were agitated with great agi- darkness shall be previously tation. And when I looked, the destroyed, and light shall increase Ancient of days was sitting on the before the Lord of spirits; before throne of his glory, while the the Lord of spirits shall the light angels and saints were standing of uprightness increase for ever. around him. A great trembling came upon me, and terror seized me. My loins were bowed down CHAPTER 57 and loosened; my reins were dis- 1 In those days my eyes beheld the solved; and I fell upon my face. secrets of the lightnings and the The holy Michael, another holy splendours, and the judgment angel, one of the holy ones, was belonging to them. sent, who raised me up. 2 They lighten for a blessing and for 2And when he raised me, my spirit a curse, according to the will of returned; for I was incapable of the Lord of spirits. enduring this vision of violence, 3And there I saw the secrets of the its agitation, and the concussion thunder, when it rattles above in of heaven. heaven, and its sound is heard. 3Then holy Michael said to me, 4The habitations also of the earth Why are you disturbed at this were shown to me. The sound of vision? the thunder is for peace and for 4Hitherto has existed the day of blessing, as well as for a curse, mercy; and he has been merciful according to the word of the Lord and longsuffering towards all who of spirits. dwell upon the earth. 5Afterwards every secret of the 5But when the time shall come, splendours and of the lightnings then shall the power, the punish-

The Book of Enoch • 33 Chapter 59

ment, and the judgment take sters, how they became sepa- place, which the Lord of spirits rated, how they became separated has prepared for those who pros- on the same day, one being in the trate themselves to the judgment depths of the sea, and one in the of righteousness, for those who dry desert. abjure that judgment, and for 11And he said, You, son of man, those who take his name in vain. are here desirous of understanding 6That day has been prepared for secret things. the elect as a day of covenant; and 12And the angel of peace, who was for sinners as a day of inquisition. with me, said, These two mon- 7In that day shall be distributed for sters are by the power of God pre- fooda two monsters; a female pared to become food, that the monster, whose name is Levia- punishment of God may not be in than, dwelling in the depths of the vain. sea, above the springs of waters; 13Then shall children be slain with 8And a male monster, whose name their mothers, and sons with their is Behemoth; which possesses, fathers. moving on his breast, the invisible 14And when the punishment of the wilderness. Lord of spirits shall continue, 9 His name was Dendayen in the upon them shall it continue, that east of the garden, where the elect the punishment of the Lord of and the righteous will dwell; spirits may not take place in vain. where he received it from my After that, judgment shall exist ancestor, who was man, from with mercy and longsuffering. Adam the first of men,b whom the Lord of spirits made. CHAPTER 59 10Then I asked of another angel to 1Then another angel, who pro- show me the power of those mon- ceeded with me, spoke to me; 2 a. Distributed for food. Or, “separated And showed me the first and last from one another” (Knibb, p. 143). secrets in heaven above, and in b. He received it… first of men. Or, the depths of the earth: “my [great-] grandfather was taken up, 3In the extremities of heaven, and the seventh from Adam” (Charles, p. in the foundations of it, and in the 155). This implies that this section of the receptacle of the winds. book was written by Noah, Enoch's descendant, rather than Enoch. Scholars 4He showed me how their spirits have speculated that this portion of the were divided; how they were bal- book may contain fragments of the lost anced; and how both the springs Apocalypse of Noah. and the winds were numbered

34 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 60

according to the force of their 10The spirit also of mist dwells spirit. with them in their receptacle; but 5He showed me the power of the it has a receptacle to itself; for its moon's light, that its power is a progress is in splendour. just one; as well as the divisions 11In light, and in darkness, in win- of the stars, according to their ter and in summer. Its receptacle respective names; is bright, and an angel is in it. 6That every division is divided; 12The spirit of dew has its abode in that the lightning flashes; the extremities of heaven, in con- 7That its troops immediately obey; nection with the receptacle of and that a cessation takes place rain; and its progress is in winter during thunder in continuance of and in summer. The cloud pro- its sound. Nor are the thunder and duced by it, and the cloud of the the lightning separated; neither do mist, become united; one gives to both of them move with one the other; and when the spirit of spirit; yet they are not separated. rain is in motion from its recepta- 8 cle, angels come, and opening its For when the lightning lightens, receptacle, bring it forth. the thunder sounds, and the spirit 13 at a proper period pauses, making When likewise it is sprinkled an equal division between them; over all the earth, it forms an for the receptacle, upon which union with every kind of water on their periods depend, is loose as the ground; for the waters remain sand. Each of them at a proper on the ground, because they afford season is restrained with a bridle; nourishment to the earth from the and turned by the power of the Most High, who is in heaven. spirit, which thus propels them 14Upon this account therefore there according to the spacious extent is a regulation in the quantity of of the earth. rain, which the angels receive. 9The spirit likewise of the sea is 15These things I saw; all of them, potent and strong; and as a strong even paradise. power causes it to ebb, so is it driven forwards, and scattered CHAPTER 60 against the mountains of the earth. 1 The spirit of the frost has its In those days I beheld long ropes angel; in the spirit of hail there is given to those angels; who took to a good angel; the spirit of snow their wings, and fled, advancing ceases in its strength, and a soli- towards the north. tary spirit is in it, which ascends 2And I inquired of the angel, say- from it like vapour, and is called ing, Wherefore have they taken refrigeration. those long ropes, and gone forth?

The Book of Enoch • 35 Chapter 60

He said, They are gone forth to 10Then the Lord of spirits seated measure. upon the throne of his glory the Elect One; 3The angel, who proceeded with me, said, These are the measures 11Who shall judge all the works of of the righteous; and cords shall the holy, in heaven above, and in the righteous bring, that they may a balance shall he weigh their trust in the name of the Lord of actions. And when he shall lift up spirits for ever and ever. his countenance to judge their 4 secret ways in the word of the The elect shall begin to dwell with name of the Lord of spirits, and the elect. their progress in the path of the 5And these are the measures which righteous judgment of God most shall be given to faith, and which high; shall strengthen the words of righ- 12They shall all speak with united teousness. voice; and bless, glorify, exalt, 6These measures shall reveal all and praise, in the name of the the secrets in the depth of the Lord of spirits. earth. 13He shall call to every power of 7And it shall be, that those who the heavens, to all the holy above, have been destroyed in the desert, and to the power of God. The and who have been devoured by Cherubim, the Seraphim, and the Ophanin, all the angels of power, the fish of the sea, and by wild and all the angels of the Lord’s, beasts, shall return, and trust in namely, of the Elect One, and of the day of the Elect One; for none the other Power,a who was upon shall perish in the presence of the earth over the water on that day, Lord of spirits, nor shall any be capable of perishing. 14Shall raise their united voice; 8 shall bless, glorify, praise, and Then they received the command- exalt with the spirit of faith, with ment, all who were in the heavens the spirit of wisdom and patience, above; to whom a combined with the spirit of mercy, with the power, voice, and splendour, like spirit of judgment and peace, and fire, were given. with the spirit of benevolence; all 9And first, with their voice, they shall say with united voice; blessed him, they exalted him, Blessed is He; and the name of they glorified him with wisdom, the Lord of spirits shall be blessed and ascribed to him wisdom with for ever and for ever; all, who the word, and with the breath of life. a. The Holy Spirit (Howard).

36 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 61

sleep not, shall bless it in heaven 5In that day shall all the kings, the above. princes, the exalted, and those who possess the earth, stand up, 15All the holy in heaven shall bless behold, and perceive, that he is it; all the elect who dwell in the sitting on the throne of his glory; garden of life; and every spirit of that before him the saints shall be light, who is capable of blessing, judged in righteousness; glorifying, exalting, and praising your holy name; and every mor- 6And that nothing, which shall be tal man,a more than the powers of spoken before him, shall be spo- heaven, shall glorify and bless ken in vain. your name for ever and ever. 7Trouble shall come upon them, as 16For great is the mercy of the upon a woman in travail, whose Lord of spirits; long-suffering is labour is severe, when her child he; and all his works, all his comes to the mouth of the womb, power, great as are the things and she finds it difficult to bring which he has done, has he forth. revealed to the saints and to the 8One portion of them shall look elect, in the name of the Lord of upon another. They shall be aston- spirits. ished, and shall humble their countenance; CHAPTER 61 9And trouble shall seize them, 1Thus the Lord commanded the when they shall behold this Son kings, the princes, the exalted, of woman sitting upon the throne and those who dwell on earth, of his glory. saying, Open your eyes, and lift 10Then shall the kings, the princes, up your horns, if you are capable and all who possess the earth, glo- of comprehending the Elect One. rify him who has dominion over all things, him who was con- 2The Lord of spirits sat upon the cealed; for from the beginning the throne of his glory. Son of man existed in secret, 3And the spirit of righteousness whom the Most High preserved in was poured out over him. the presence of his power, and revealed to the elect. 4The word of his mouth shall destroy all the sinners and all the 11He shall sow the congregation of ungodly, who shall perish at his the saints, and of the elect; and all presence. the elect shall stand before him in that day. a. Every mortal man. Literally, “all of 12All the kings, the princes, the flesh” (Laurence, p. 73). exalted, and those who rule over

The Book of Enoch • 37 Chapter 62

all the earth, shall fall down on shall not wax old, nor shall your their faces before him, and shall glory diminish. worship him. 13They shall fix their hopes on this CHAPTER 62 Son of man, shall pray to him, and 1In those days the kings who pos- petition him for mercy. sess the earth shall be punished by 14Then shall the Lord of spirits the angels of his wrath, whereso- hasten to expel them from his ever they shall be delivered up, presence. Their faces shall be full that he may give rest for a short of confusion, and their faces shall period; and that they may fall darkness cover. The angels shall down and worship before the take them to punishment, that Lord of spirits, confessing their vengeance may be inflicted on sins before him. those who have oppressed his 2They shall bless and glorify the children and his elect. And they Lord of spirits, saying, Blessed is shall become an example to the the Lord of spirits, the Lord of saints and to his elect. Through kings, the Lord of princes, the them shall these be made joyful; Lord of the rich, the Lord of for the anger of the Lord of spirits glory, and the Lord of wisdom. shall rest upon them. 3He shall enlighten every secret 15Then the sword of the Lord of thing. spirits shall be drunk with their 4Your power is from generation to blood; but the saints and elect generation; and your glory for shall be safe in that day; nor the ever and ever. face of the sinners and the 5Deep are all your secrets, and ungodly shall they thencefor- numberless; and your righteous- wards behold. ness cannot be calculated. 16 The Lord of spirits shall remain 6Now we know, that we should over them: glorify and bless the Lord of 17And with this Son of man shall kings, him who is King over all they dwell, eat, lie down, and rise things. up, for ever and ever. 7They shall also say, Who has 18The saints and the elect have granted us rest to glorify, laud, arisen from the earth, have left off bless, and confess in the presence to depress their countenances, and of his glory? have been clothed with the gar- 8And now small is the rest we ment of life. That garment of life desire; but we do not find it; we is with the Lord of spirits, in reject, and do not possess it. Light whose presence your garment has passed away from before us;

38 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 64

and darkness has covered our CHAPTER 63 thrones for ever. 1I saw also other countenances in 9 For we have not confessed before that secret place. I heard the voice him; we have not glorified the of an angel, saying, These are the name of the Lord of kings; we angels who have descended from have not glorified the Lord in all heaven to earth, and have his works; but we have trusted in revealed secrets to the sons of the sceptre of our dominion and men, and have seduced the sons of our glory. of men to the commission of sin. 10In the day of our suffering and of our trouble he will not save us, CHAPTER 64A neither shall we find rest. We con- 1In those days Noah saw that the fess that our Lord is faithful in all earth became inclined, and that his works, in all his judgments, destruction approached. and in his righteousness. 2Then he lifted up his feet, and 11 In his judgments he pays no went to the ends of the earth, to respect to persons; and we must the dwelling of his great-grandfa- depart from his presence, on ther Enoch. account of our evil deeds. 3And Noah cried with a bitter 12 All our sins are truly without voice, Hear me; hear me; hear me: number. three times. And he said, Tell me 13Then shall they say to them- what is transacting upon the earth; selves, Our souls are satiated with for the earth labours, and is vio- the instruments of crime; lently shaken. Surely I shall perish with it. 14But that prevents us not from 4 descending to the flaming womb After this there was a great pertur- of hell. bation on earth, and a voice was heard from heaven. I fell down on 15Afterwards, their countenances my face, when my great-grandfa- shall be filled with darkness and ther Enoch came and stood by me. confusion before the Son of man; 5 from whose presence they shall be He said to me, Why have you expelled, and before whom the cried out to me with a bitter cry sword shall remain to expel them. and lamentation? 6 16Thus saith the Lord of spirits, A commandment has gone forth This is the decree and the judg- from the Lord against those who ment against the princes, the kings, the exalted, and those who a. Chapters 64, 65, 66 and the first verse possess the earth, in the presence of 67 evidently contain a vision of Noah of the Lord of spirits. and not of Enoch (Laurence, p. 78).

The Book of Enoch • 39 Chapter 65

dwell on the earth, that they may 10They have discovered secrets, be destroyed; for they know every and they are those who have been secret of the angels, every oppres- judged; but not you my son. The sive and secret power of the dev- Lord of spirits knows that you are ils,a and every power of those pure and good, free from the who commit sorcery, as well as of reproach of discovering secrets. those who make molten images in 11He, the holy One, will establish the whole earth. your name in the midst of the 7 They know how silver is pro- saints, and will preserve you from duced from the dust of the earth, those who dwell upon the earth. and how on the earth the metallic He will establish your seed in drop exists; for lead and tin are righteousness, with dominion and not produced from earth, as the great glory;c and from your seed primary fountain of their produc- shall spring forth righteousness tion. and holy men without number for 8There is an angel standing upon it, ever. and that angel struggles to prevail. 9Afterwards my great-grandfather CHAPTER 65 Enoch seized me with his hand, 1After this he showed me the raising me up, and saying to me, angels of punishment, who were Go, for I have asked the Lord of prepared to come, and to open all spirits respecting this perturba- the mighty waters under the earth: tion of the earth; who replied, On 2 account of their impiety have their That they may be for judgment, innumerable judgments been con- and for the destruction of all those summated before me. Respecting who remain and dwell upon the the moons have they inquired, and earth. they have known that the earth 3And the Lord of spirits com- will perish with those who dwell manded the angels who went b upon it, and that to these there forth, not to take up the men and will be no place of refuge for ever. preserve them. 4 a. The devils. Literally, “the Satans” For those angels presiding over all (Laurence, p. 78). the mighty waters. Then I went b. Respecting the moons… dwell upon out from the presence of Enoch. it. Or, “Because of the sorceries which they have searched out and learnt, the c. With dominion… glory. Literally, earth and those who dwell upon it will be “for kings, and for great glory” destroyed” (Knibb, p. 155). (Laurence, p. 79).

40 • The Book of Enoch Chapter 66

CHAPTER 66 in that place, there arose a strong smell of sulphur, which became 1In those days the word of God mixed with the waters; and the came to me, and said, Noah, valley of the angels, who had behold, your lot has ascended up been guilty of seduction, burned to me, a lot void of crime, a lot underneath its soil. beloved and upright. 7Through that valley also rivers of 2Now then shall the angels labour fire were flowing, to which those at the trees;a but when they pro- angels shall be condemned, who ceed to this, I will put my hand seduced the inhabitants of the upon it, and preserve it. earth. 3The seed of life shall arise from it, 8And in those days shall these and a change shall take place, that waters be to kings, to princes, to the dry land shall not be left the exalted, and to the inhabitants empty. I will establish your seed of the earth, for the healing of the before me for ever and ever, and soul and body, and for the judg- the seed of those who dwell with ment of the spirit. you on the surface of the earth. It shall be blessed and multiplied in 9Their spirits shall be full of rev- the presence of the earth, in the elry,c that they may be judged in name of the Lord. their bodies; because they have denied the Lord of spirits, and 4And they shall confine those although they perceive their con- angels who disclosed impiety. In demnation day by day, they that burning valley it is, that they believe not in his name. shall be confined, which at first my great-grandfather Enoch 10And as the inflammation of their showed me in the west, where bodies shall be great, so shall their there were mountains of gold and spirits undergo a change for ever. silver, of iron, of fluid metal, and 11For no word which is uttered of tin. before the Lord of spirits shall be 5I beheld that valley in which there in vain. was great perturbation, and where 12Judgment has come upon them, the waters were troubled. because they trusted in their car- 6And when all this was effected, nal revelry, and denied the Lord from the fluid mass of fire, and of spirits. the perturbation which prevailedb b. The perturbation which prevailed. a. Shall… labour at the trees. Or, “are Literally, “troubled them” (Laurence, p. making a wooden (structure)” (Knibb, p. 81). 156). c. Revelry. Or, “lust” (Knibb, p. 157).

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13In those days shall the waters of severity of the judgment, of the that valley be changed; for when secret judgment of the angels, the angels shall be judged, then who is capable of beholding—the shall the heat of those springs of endurance of that severe judgment water experience an alteration. which has taken place and been 14And when the angels shall made permanent—without being ascend, the water of the springs melted at the site of it? Again shall again undergo a change, and holy Michael answered and said be frozen. Then I heard holy to holy Raphael, Who is there Michael answering and saying, whose heart is not softened by it, This judgment, with which the and whose reins are not troubled angels shall be judged, shall bear at this thing? testimony against the kings, the 3Judgment has gone forth against princes, and those who possess them by those who have thus the earth. dragged them away; and that was, 15For these waters of judgment when they stood in the presence shall be for their healing, and for of the Lord of spirits. the deatha of their bodies. But 4In like manner also holy Rakael they shall not perceive and said to Raphael, They shall not be believe that the waters will be before the eye of the Lord;c since changed, and become a fire, the Lord of spirits has been which shall blaze for ever. offended with them; for like lordsd have they conducted them- CHAPTER 67 selves. Therefore will he bring 1After this he gave me the charac- upon them a secret judgment for teristical marksb of all the secret ever and ever. things in the book of my great- 5For neither shall angel nor man grandfather Enoch, and in the par- receive a portion of it; but they ables which had been given to alone shall receive their own him; inserting them for me among judgment for ever end ever. the words of the book of parables. 2 At that time holy Michael CHAPTER 68 answered and said to Raphael, 1After this judgment they shall be The power of the spirit hurries me astonished and irritated; for it away, and impels me on. The c. They shall not… eye of the Lord. a. Death. Or, “lust” (Charles, p. 176; Or, “I will not take their part under the Knibb, p. 158). eye of the Lord” (Knibb, p. 159). b. Characteristical marks. Literally, d. For like lords. Or, “for they act as if “the signs” (Laurence, p. 83). they were Lord” (Knibb, p. 159).

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shall be exhibited to the inhabit- 7He seduced Eve; and discovered ants of the earth. to the children of men the instru- 2Behold the names of those angels. ments of death, the coat of mail, These are their names. The first of the shield, and the sword for them is Samyaza; the second, slaughter; every instrument of Arstikapha; the third, Armen; the death to the children of men. fourth, Kakabael; the fifth, Turel; 8From his hand were these things the sixth, Rumyel; the seventh, derived to them who dwell upon Danyal; the eighth, Kael; the earth, from that period for ever. ninth, Barakel; the tenth, Azazel; 9The name of the fourth is Pene- the eleventh, Armers; the twelfth, mue: he discovered to the children Bataryal; the thirteenth, Basasael; of men bitterness and sweetness; the fourteenth, Ananel; the fif- 10 teenth, Turyal; the sixteenth, And pointed out to them every Simapiseel; the seventeenth, secret of their wisdom. Yetarel; the eighteenth, Tumael; 11He taught men to understand the nineteenth, Tarel; the twenti- writing, and the use of ink and eth, Rumel; the twenty-first, Aza- paper. zyel. 12Therefore numerous have been 3These are the chiefs of their those who have gone astray from angels, and the names of the lead- every period of the world, even to ers of their hundreds, and the this day. leaders of their fifties, and the 13For men were not born for this, leaders of their tens. thus with pen and with ink to con- 4 a The name of the first is Yekun: firm their faith; he it was who seduced all the sons 14Since they were not created, of the holy angels; and causing except that, like the angels, they them to descend on earth, led might remain righteous and pure. astray the offspring of men. 15 5The name of the second is Kesa- Nor would death, which destroys bel, who pointed out evil counsel everything, have effected them; to the sons of the holy angels, and 16But by this their knowledge they induced them to corrupt their bod- perish, and by this also its power ies by generating mankind. consumes them. 6The name of the third is Gadrel: 17The name of the fifth is Kasyade: he discovered every stroke of he discovered to the children of death to the children of men. men every wicked stroke of spirits and of demons: a. Yekun may simply mean “the rebel” 18The stroke of the embryo in the (Knibb, p. 160). womb, to diminish it;b the stroke

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of the spirit by the bite of the ser- from the creation to the end of the pent, and the stroke which is world. given in the mid-day by the off- 26By this oath the sea has been spring of the serpent, the name of formed, and the foundation of it. which is Tabaet.a 27 19This is the number of the Kasbel; During the period of its fury he the principal part of the oath established the sand against it, which the Most High, dwelling in which continues unchanged for glory, revealed to the holy ones. ever; and by this oath the abyss has been made strong; nor is it 20 Its name is Beka. He spoke to removable from its station for holy Michael to discover to them ever and ever. the sacred name, that they might 28 understand that secret name, and By this oath the sun and moon thus remember the oath; and that complete their progress, never those who pointed out every swerving from the command secret thing to the children of men given to them for ever and ever. might tremble at that name and 29By this oath the stars complete oath. their progress; 21 This is the power of that oath; for 30And when their names are called, powerful it is, and strong. they return an answer, for ever 22And he established this oath of and ever. Akae by the instrumentality of the 31Thus in the heavens take place holy Michael. the blowings of the winds: all of 23These are the secrets of this oath, them have breathings,b and effect and by it were they confirmed. a complete combination of breath- 24Heaven was suspended by it ings. before the world was made, for 32There the treasures of thunder ever. are kept, and the splendour of the 25By it has the earth been founded lightning. upon the flood; while from the 33There are kept the treasures of concealed parts of the hills the hail and of frost, the treasures of agitated waters proceed forth snow, the treasures of rain and of dew. b. The stroke… to diminish it. Or, “the 34 blows (which attack) the embryo in the All these confess and laud before womb so that it miscarries” (Knibb, p. the Lord of spirits. 162). a. Tabaet. Literally, “male” or “strong” b. Breathings. Or, “spirits” (Laurence, (Knibb, p. 162). p. 87).

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35 They glorify with all their power CHAPTER 69 of praise; and he sustains them in 1After this the name of the Son of all that act of thanksgiving; while man, living with the Lord of spir- they laud, glorify, and exalt the its, was exalted by the inhabitants name of the Lord of spirits for of the earth. ever and ever. 2It was exalted in the chariots of 36And with them he establishes the Spirit; and the name went this oath, by which they and their forth in the midst of them. paths are preserved; nor does their 3From that time I was not drawn progress perish. into the midst of them; but he 37Great was their joy. seated me between two spirits, between the north and the west, 38They blessed, glorified, and where the angels received their exalted, because the name of the ropes, to measure out a place for Son of man was revealed to them. the elect and the righteous. 4 39He sat upon the throne of his There I beheld the fathers of the glory; and the principal part of the first men, and the saints, who judgment was assigned to him, dwell in that place for ever. the Son of man. Sinners shall disappear and perish from the face of CHAPTER 70 the earth, while those who 1Afterwards my spirit was con- seduced them shall be bound with cealed, ascending into the heav- chains for ever. ens. I beheld the sons of the holy 40 angels treading on flaming fire, According to their ranks of cor- whose garments and robes were ruption shall they be imprisoned, white, and whose countenances and all their works shall disappear were transparent as crystal. from the face of the earth; nor 2I saw two rivers of fire glittering thenceforward shall there be any like the hyacinth. to corrupt; for the Son of man has 3 been seen, sitting on the throne of Then I fell on my face before the his glory. Lord of spirits. 4 41 And Michael, one of the archan- Everything wicked shall disap- gels, took me by my right hand, pear, and depart from before his raised me up, and brought me out face; and the word of the Son of to where was every secret of man shall become powerful in the mercy and secret of righteousness. presence of the Lord of spirits. 5He showed me all the hidden 42This is the third parable of things of the extremities of Enoch. heaven, all the receptacles of the

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stars, and the splendours of all, 13Then I fell upon my face, while from whence they went forth all my flesh was dissolved, and before the face of the holy. my spirit became changed. 6And he concealed the spirit of 14I cried out with a loud voice, Enoch in the heaven of heavens. with a powerful spirit, blessing, 7There I beheld, in the midst of glorifying, and exalting. that light, a building raised with 15And those blessings, which pro- stones of ice; ceeded from my mouth, became 8And in the midst of these stone acceptable in the presence of the vibrationsa of living fire. My Ancient of days. spirit saw around the circle of this 16The Ancient of days came with flaming habitation, on one of its Michael and Gabriel, Raphael and extremities, that there were rivers Phanuel, with thousands of thou- full of living fire, which encom- sands, and myriads and myriads, passed it. which could not be numbered. 9Then the Seraphim, the Cheru- 17Then that angel came to me, and bim, and Ophaninb surrounded it: with his voice saluted me, saying, these are those who never sleep, You are the Son of man,c who art but watch the throne of his glory. born for righteousness, and righ- 10And I beheld angels innumera- teousness has rested upon you. ble, thousands of thousands, and 18The righteousness of the Ancient myriads and myriads, who sur- of days shall not forsake you. rounded that habitation. 19He said, On you shall he confer 11Michael, Raphael, Gabriel, Phan- peace in the name of the existing uel and the holy angels who were world; for from thence has peace in the heavens above, went in and gone forth since the world was out of it. Michael, Raphael, and created. Gabriel went out of that habita- 20And thus shall it happen to you tion, and holy angels innumera- for ever and ever. ble. 21 12 All who shall exist, and who With them was the Ancient of shall walk in your path of righ- days, whose head was white as wool, and pure, and his robe was c. Son of man. Laurence’s original indescribable. translation renders this phrase “offspring of man” Knibb (p. 166), and Charles (p. a. Vibrations. Literally, “tongues” 185) indicate that it should be “Son of (Laurence, p. 90). man,” consistent with the other b. Ophanin. The “wheels” of Ezekiel occurrences of that term in the Book of 1:15–21 (Charles, p. 162). Enoch.

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teousness, shall not forsake you 3I beheld the gates whence the sun for ever. goes forth; and the gates where 22With you shall be their habita- the sun sets; tions, with you their lot; nor from 4In which gates also the moon rises you shall they be separated for and sets; and I beheld the conduc- ever and ever. tors of the stars, among those who 23And thus shall length of days be precede them; six gates were at with the Son of man.a the rising, and six at the setting of 24Peace shall be to the righteous; the sun. and the path of integrity shall the 5All these respectively, one after righteous pursue, in the name of another, are on a level; and the Lord of spirits, for ever and numerous windows are on the ever. right and on the left sides of those gates. CHAPTER 71 6First proceeds forth that great 1 The book of the revolutions of the luminary, which is called the sun; luminaries of heaven, according the orb of which is as the orb of to their respective classes, their heaven, the whole of it being respective powers, their respec- replete with splendid and flaming tive periods, their respective fire. names, the places where they 7 commence their progress, and Its chariot, where it ascends, the their respective months, which wind blows. Uriel, the holy angel who was 8The sun sets in heaven, and, with me, explained to me; he who returning by the north, to proceed conducted them. The whole towards the east, is conducted so account of them, according to as to enter by that gate, and illu- every year of the world for ever, minate the face of heaven. until a new work shall be effected, 9 which will be eternal. In the same manner it goes forth 2 in the first month by the great This is the first law of the lumi- gate. naries. The sun and the light 10 arrive at the gates of heaven, It goes forth through the fourth which are on the east, and on the of those six gates, which are at the west of it at the western gates of rising of the sun. heaven. 11And in the fourth gate, through which the sun with the moon pro- a. Son of man. Literally, “offspring of ceeds, in the first part of it,b there man,” or “the Christ who comes from the are twelve open windows; from offspring of man.” which issues out a flame, when

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they are opened in their proper rises up, that the day may be periods. shortened, and the night length- 12When the sun rises in heaven, it ened. goes forth through this fourth gate 20And the sun returns toward the thirty days, and by the fourth gate east entering into the sixth gate, in the west of heaven on a level where it rises and sets for thirty with it descends. days. 13During that period the day is 21When that period is completed, lengthened from the day, and the the day becomes shortened pre- night curtailed from the night for cisely one part, so that it is eleven thirty days. And then the day is parts, while the night is seven longer by two parts than the night. parts. 14The day is precisely ten parts, 22Then the sun goes from the west, and the night is eight. from that sixth gate, and proceeds 15The sun goes forth through this eastwards, rising in the fifth gate fourth gate, and sets in it, and for thirty days, and setting again turns to the fifth gate during thirty westwards in the fifth gate of the days; after which it proceeds west. from, and sets in, the fifth gate. 23At that period the day becomes 16Then the day becomes length- shortened two parts; and is ten ened by a second portion, so that parts, while the night is eight it is eleven parts: while the night parts. becomes shortened, and is only 24Then the sun goes from the fifth seven parts. gate, as it sets in the fifth gate of 17The sun now returns to the east, the west; and rises in the fourth entering into the sixth gate, and gate for thirty-one days, on rising and setting in the sixth gate account of its signs, setting in the thirty-one days, on account of its west. signs. 25At that period the day is made 18At that period the day is longer equal with the night; and, being than the night, being twice as long equal with it, the night becomes as the night; and become twelve nine parts, and the day nine parts. parts; 26Then the sun goes from that gate, 19But the night is shortened, and as it sets in the west; and return- becomes six parts. Then the sun ing to the east proceeds by the third gate for thirty days, setting b. Through which… part of it. Or, in the west at the third gate. “from which the sun rises in the first 27At that period the night is length- month” (Knibb, p. 168). ened from the day during thirty

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mornings, and the day is curtailed 39Then the sun returns, and enters from the day during thirty days; into the second gate of the east. the night being ten parts precisely, 40It returns by these beginnings and the day eight parts. thirty days, rising and setting. 28 The sun now goes from the third 41At that period the night is con- gate, as it sets in the third gate in tracted in its length. It becomes the west; but returning to the east, ten parts, and the day eight parts. it proceeds by the second gate of Then the sun goes from that sec- the east for thirty days. ond gate, and sets in the west; but 29In like manner also it sets in the returns to the east, and rises in the second gate in the west of heaven. east, in the third gate, thirty-one 30 days, setting in the west of At that period the night is eleven heaven. parts, and the day seven parts. 42 31 At that period the night becomes Then the sun goes at that time shortened. It is nine parts. And the from the second gate, as it sets in night is equal with the day. The the second gate in the west; but year is precisely three hundred returns to the east, proceeding by and sixty-four days. the first gate, for thirty-one days. 43 32 The lengthening of the day and And sets in the west in the first night, and the contraction of the gate. day and night, are made to differ 33At that period that night is from each other by the progress of lengthened as much again as the the sun. day. 44By means of this progress the 34It is twelve parts precisely, while day is daily lengthened, and the the day is six parts. night greatly shortened. 45 35The sun has thus completed its This is the law and progress of beginnings, and a second time the sun, and its turning when it turns back, turning during sixty goes round from these begin- a nings. days, and going forth. This is the 36 great everlasting luminary, that Into that first gate it enters for which he names the sun for ever thirty days, and sets in the west, in and ever. the opposite part of heaven. 46This also is that which goes forth 37 At that period the night is con- a great luminary, and which is tracted in its length a fourth part, that is, one portion, and becomes a. That is, it is sixty days in the same eleven parts. gates, viz. Thirty days twice every year 38The day is seven parts. (Laurence, p. 97).

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named after its peculiar kind, as 4Thus it rises, and at its com- God commanded. mencement towards the east goes forth for thirty days. 47And thus it goes in and out, nei- 5 ther slackening nor resting; but At that time it appears, and running on in its chariot by day becomes to you the beginning of and by night. It shines with a sev- the month. Thirty days it is with enth portion of light from the the sun in the gate from which the moon;a but the dimensions of sun goes forth. both are equal. 6Half of it is in extent seven portions, one half; and the whole of CHAPTER 72 its orb is void of light, except a seventh portion out of the four- 1After this law I beheld another teen portions of its light. And in a law of an inferior luminary, the day it receives a seventh portion, name of which is the moon, and or half that portion, of its light. Its the orb of which is as the orb of light is by sevens, by one portion, heaven. and by the half of a portion. Its sets with the sun. 2Its chariot, which it secretly 7 ascends, the wind blows; and light And when the sun rises, the moon is given to it by measure. rises with it; receiving half a portion of light. 3 Every month at its exit and 8On that night, when it commences entrance it becomes changed; and its period, previously to the day of its periods are as the periods of the month, the moon sets with the the sun. And when in like manner sun. its light is to exist,b its light is a 9 seventh portion from the light of And on that night it is dark in its the sun. fourteen portions, that is, in each half; but it rises on that day with a. It shines with… from the moon. Or, one seventh portion precisely, and “Its light is seven times brighter than that in its progress declines from the of the moon” (Knibb, p. 171). The rising of the sun. Aramaic texts more clearly describe how 10During the remainder of its the moon’s light waxes and wanes by a period its light increases to four- half of a seventh part each day. Here in teen portions. the Ethiopic version, the moon is thought of as two halves, each half being divided into seven parts. Hence, the “fourteen CHAPTER 73 portions” of 72:9š10 (Knibb, p. 171). 1Then I saw another progress and b. And when in… is to exist. I.e., when regulation which He effected in the moon is full (Knibb, p. 171). the law of the moon. The progress

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of the moons, and everything 9And returns in seven days to the relating to them, Uriel showed fourth gate, from which the sun me, the holy angel who conducted goes forth. them all. 10Thus I beheld their stations, as 2Their stations I wrote down as he according to the fixed order of the showed them to me. months the sun rises and sets. 11 3I wrote down their months, as At those times there is an excess they occur, and the appearance of of thirty days belonging to the sun their light, until it is completed in in five years; all the days belong- fifteen days. ing to each year of the five years, when completed, amount to three 4In each of its two seven portions it hundred and sixty-four days; and completes all its light at rising and to the sun and stars belong six at setting. days; six days in each of the five 5On stated months it changes its years; thus thirty days belonging settings; and on stated months it to them; makes its progress through each 12So that the moon has thirty days gate. In two gates the moon sets less than the sun and stars. with the sun, viz. in those two 13The moon brings on all the years gates which are in the midst, in exactly, that their stations may the third and fourth gate. From the come neither too forwards nor too third gate it goes forth for seven backwards a single day; but that days, and makes its circuit. the years may be changed with 6 Again it returns to the gate correct precision in three hundred whence the sun goes forth, and in and sixty-four days. In three years that completes the whole of its the days are one thousand and light. Then it declines from the ninety-two; in five years they are sun, and enters in eight days into one thousand eight hundred and the sixth gate, and returns in twenty; and in eight years two seven days to the third gate, from thousand nine hundred and twelve which the sun goes forth. days. 14To the moon alone belong in 7When the sun proceeds to the three years one thousand and fourth gate, the moon goes forth sixty-two days; in five years it has for seven days, until it passes fifty days less than the sun, for an from the fifth gate. addition being made to the one 8Again it returns in seven days to thousand and sixty-two days, in the fourth gate, and completing all five years there are one thousand its light, declines, and passes on seven hundred and seventy days; by the first gate in eight days; and the days of the moon in eight

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years are two thousand eight hun- 7And the days, Uriel showed me; dred and thirty-two days. the angel whom the Lord of glory appointed over all the luminaries. 15For its days in eight years are 8 less than those of the sun by Of heaven in heaven, and in the eighty days, which eighty days world; that they might rule in the are its diminution in eight years. face of the sky, and appearing 16 over the earth, become The year then becomes truly 9 complete according to the station Conductors of the days and of the moon, and the station of the nights: the sun, the moon, the sun; which rise in the different stars, and all the ministers of gates; which rise and set in them heaven, which make their circuit for thirty days. with all the chariots of heaven. 10Thus Uriel showed me twelve gates open for the circuit of the CHAPTER 74 chariots of the sun in heaven, 1These are the leaders of the chiefs from which the rays of the sun of the thousands, those which pre- shoot forth. side over all creation, and over all 11From these proceed heat over the the stars; with the four days which earth, when they are opened in are added and never separated their stated seasons. They are for from the place allotted them, the winds, and the spirit of the according to the complete calcula- dew, when in their seasons they tion of the year. are opened; opened in heaven at 2And these serve four days, which its extremities. are not calculated in the calcula- 12Twelve gates I beheld in heaven, tion of the year. at the extremities of the earth, 3Respecting them, men greatly err, through which the sun, moon, and for these luminaries truly serve, in stars, and all the works of heaven, the dwelling place of the world, proceed at their rising and setting. one day in the first gate, one in the 13Many windows also are open on third gate, one in the fourth gate, the right and on the left. and one in the sixth gate. 14One window at a certain season 4And the harmony of the world grows extremely hot. So also are becomes complete every three there gates from which the stars hundred and sixty-fourth state of go forth as they are commanded, it. For the signs, and in which they set according to their number. 5The seasons, 15I saw likewise the chariots of 6The years, heaven, running in the world

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above to those gates in which the 6After these proceed the south stars turn, which never set. One of winds through three principal these is greater than all, which gates; through their first gate, goes round the whole world. which inclines eastwards, proceeds a hot wind. CHAPTER 75 7But from the middle gate proceed 1And at the extremities of the earth grateful odour, dew, rain, health, I beheld twelve gates open for all and life. the winds, from which they pro- 8 ceed and blow over the earth. From the third gate, which is westwards, proceed dew, rain, 2 Three of them are open in the blight, and destruction. front of heaven, three in the west, 9 three on the right side of heaven, After these are the winds to the and three on the left. The first north, which is called the sea. three are those which are towards They proceed from three gates. the east, three are towards the The firsta gate is that which is on north, three behind those which the east, inclining southwards; are upon the left, towards the from this proceed dew, rain, south, and three on the west. blight, and destruction. From the 3From four of them proceed winds middle direct gate proceed rain, of blessing, and of health; and dew, life, and health. And from from eight proceed winds of pun- the third gate, which is west- ishment; when they are sent to wards, inclining towards the destroy the earth, and the heaven south, proceed mist, frost, snow, above it, all its inhabitants, and all rain, dew, and blight. which are in the waters, or on dry 10After these in the fourth quarter land. are the winds to the west. From 4 The first of these winds proceeds the first gate, inclining north- from the gate termed the eastern, wards, proceed dew, rain, frost, through the first gate on the east, cold, snow, and chill; from the which inclines southwards. From middle gate proceed rain, health, this goes forth destruction, and blessing; drought, heat, and perdition. 11And from the last gate, which is 5From the second gate, the middle southwards, proceed drought, one, proceeds equity. There issue destruction, scorching, and perdi- from it rain, fruitfulness, health, and dew; and from the third gate tion. northwards, proceed cold and drought. a. First. Or, “seventh” (Knibb, p. 178).

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12The account of the twelve gates west; into a great sea its water of the four quarters of heaven is flows. ended. 7Two come from the north to the 13All their laws, all their infliction sea, their waters flowing into the of punishment, and the health pro- Erythraean sea,b on the east. And duced by them, have I explained with respect to the remaining four, to you, my son Mathusala.a they take their course in the cavity of the north, two to their sea, the CHAPTER 76 Erythraean sea, and two are poured into a great sea, where 1 The first wind is called the east- also it is said there is a desert. ern, because it is the first. 8Seven great islands I saw in the 2 The second is called the south, sea and on the earth. Seven in the because the Most High there great sea. descends, and frequently there descends he who is blessed for CHAPTER 77 ever. 1 3 The names of the sun are these: The western wind has the name of one Aryares, the other Tomas. diminution, because there all the 2 luminaries of heaven are dimin- The moon has four names. The ished, and descend. first is Asonya; the second, Ebla; the third, Benase; and the fourth, 4 The fourth wind, which is named Erae. the north, is divided into three 3 parts; one of which is for the habi- These are the two great luminar- tation of man; another for seas of ies, whose orbs are as the orbs of water, with valleys, woods, rivers, heaven; and the dimensions of shady places, and snow; and the both are equal. third part contains paradise. 4In the orb of the sun there is a seventh portion of light, which is 5Seven high mountains I beheld, added to it from the moon.c By higher than all the mountains of measure it is put in, until the sev- the earth, from which frost pro- enth portion of the light of the sun ceeds; while days, seasons, and is departed. They set, enter into years depart and pass away. the western gate, circuit by the 6Seven rivers I beheld upon earth, greater than all rivers, one of b. The Red Sea. which takes its course from the c. A seventh portion… from the moon. Or, “seven parts of light which are added a. Mathusala. Enoch’s son, Methuselah. to it more than to the moon” (Knibb, p. Cp. Gen. 5:21. 182).

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north, and through the eastern 11It also has a period of twenty- gate go forth over the face of eight days. heaven. 12Uriel likewise showed me 5When the moon rises, it appears another regulation, when light is in heaven; and the half of a sev- poured into the moon, how it is enth portion of light is all which is poured into it from the sun. in it. 13All the time that the moon is in 6In fourteen days the whole of its progress with its light, it is poured light is completed. into it in the presence of the sun, 7By three quintuples light is put until its light is in fourteen days into it, until in fifteen days its completed in heaven. light is completed, according to 14And when it is wholly extin- the signs of the year; it has three guished, its light is consumed in quintuples. heaven; and on the first day it is 8The moon has the half of a sev- called the new moon, for on that enth portion. day light is received into it. 9During its diminution on the first 15It becomes precisely completed day its light decreases a four- on the day that the sun descends teenth part; on the second day it into the west, while the moon decreases a thirteenth part; on the ascends at night from the east. third day a twelfth part; on the 16The moon then shines all the fourth day an eleventh part; on the night, until the sun rises before it; fifth day a tenth part; on the sixth when the moon disappears in turn day a ninth part; on the seventh before the sun. day it decreases an eighth part; on 17 the eighth day it decreases a sev- Where light comes to the moon, enth part; on the ninth day it there again it decreases, until all decreases a sixth part; on the tenth its light is extinguished, and the day it decreases a fifth part; on the days of the moon pass away. eleventh day it decreases a fourth 18Then its orb remains solitary part; on the twelfth day it without light. decreases third part; on the thir- 19During three months it effects in teenth day it decreases a second thirty days each month its period; part; on the fourteenth day it and during three more months it decreases a half of its seventh effects it in twenty-nine days part; and on the fifteenth day the each. These are the times in which whole remainder of its light is it effects its decrease in its first consumed. period, and in the first gate, 10On stated months the moon has namely, in one hundred and sev- twenty-nine days. enty-seven days.

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20And at the time of its going forth ance and likeness of every lumi- during three months it appears nary, which Uriel, the great angel thirty days each, and during three who conducts them, showed to more months it appears twenty- me. nine days each. 21In the night it appears for each CHAPTER 79 twenty days as the face of a man, 1In those days Uriel answered and and in the day as heaven; for it is said to me, Behold, I have showed nothing else except its light. you all things, O Enoch; 2And all things have I revealed to CHAPTER 78 you. You see the sun, the moon, 1And now, my son Mathusala, I and those which conduct the stars have shown you everything; and of heaven, which cause all their the account of every ordinance of operations, seasons, and arrivals the stars of heaven is finished. to return. 3 2He showed me every ordinance In the days of sinners the years respecting these, which takes shall be shortened. place at all times and in all sea- 4Their seed shall be backward in sons under every influence, in all their prolific soil; and everything years, at the arrival and under the done on earth shall be subverted, rule of each, during every month and disappear in its season. The and every week. He showed me rain shall be restrained, and also the decrease of the moon, heaven shall stand still. which is effected in the sixth gate; 5In those days the fruits of the for in that sixth gate is its light earth shall be late, and not flour- consumed. ish in their season; and in their 3 From this is the beginning of the season the fruits of the trees shall month; and its decrease is effected be withholden. in the sixth gate in its period, until 6The moon shall change its laws, a hundred and seventy-seven days and not be seen at its proper are completed; according to the period. But in those days shall mode of calculation by weeks, heaven be seen; and barrenness twenty-five weeks and two days. shall take place in the borders of 4Its period is less that that of the the great chariots in the west. sun, according to the ordinance of Heaven shall shine more than the stars, by five days in one half when illuminated by the orders of yeara precisely. 5When that their visible situation is a. In one half year. Literally, “in one completed. Such is the appear- time” (Laurence, p. 110).

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light; while many chiefs among 4Immediately after I blessed the the stars of authority shall err, per- Lord, the King of glory, who has verting their ways and works. thus for ever formed the whole 7Those shall not appear in their workmanship of the world. season, who commanded them, 5And I glorified the Lord, on and all the classes of the stars account of his long-suffering and shall be shut up against sinners. blessing towards the children of 8The thoughts of those who dwell the world. on the earth shall transgress 6At that time I said, Blessed is the within them; and they shall be man, who shall die righteous and perverted in all their ways. good, against whom no catalogue 9They shall transgress, and think of crime has been written, and themselvesa gods; while evil shall with whom iniquity is not found. be multiplied among them. 7Then those three holy ones caused 10And punishment shall come me to approach, and placed me on upon them, so that all of them the earth, before the door of my shall be destroyed. house. 8And they said unto me, Explain CHAPTER 80 everything to Mathusala your son; 1He said, O Enoch, look on the and inform all your children, that book which heaven has gradually no flesh shall be justified before dropped down;b and, reading that the Lord; for he is their Creator. which is written in it, understand 9During one year we shall leave every part of it. you with your children, until you 2Then I looked on all which was shalt again recover your strength, written, and understood all, read- that you may instruct your fam- ing the book and everything writ- ily, write these things, and explain ten in it, all the works of man; them to all your children. But in another year they shall take you 3And of all the children of flesh from the midst of them, and your upon earth, during the generations heart shall be strengthened; for of the world. the elect shall point out righteousness to the elect; the righteous a. Themselves. Or, “them” i.e., the with the righteous shall rejoice, chiefs among the stars (vs. 6) (Knibb, p. 186). congratulating each other; but the sinners with sinners shall die, b. The book which… dropped down. Or, “the book of the tablets of heaven” 10And the perverted with the per- (Knibb, p. 186). verted shall be drowned.

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11Those likewise who act righ- classes of the stars; with four teously shall die on account of the which are added, and appertain to works of man, and shall be gath- the four quarters of the year, ered together on account of the which conduct them, and accom- works of the wicked. pany them at four periods. 12In those days they finished con- 6Respecting these, men greatly err, versing with me. and do not calculate them in the 13And I returned to my fellow calculation of every age; for they men, blessing the Lord of worlds. greatly err respecting them; nor do men know accurately that they are in the calculation of the year. CHAPTER 81 But indeed these are marked 1Now, my son Mathusala, all these down for ever; one in the first things I speak unto you, and write gate, one in the third, one in the for you. To you I have revealed fourth, and one in the sixth: all, and have given you books of 7So that the year is completed in everything. three hundred and sixty-four days. 2 Preserve, my son Mathusala, the 8Truly has been stated, and accu- books written by your father; that rately has been calculated that you may reveal them to future which is marked down; for the generations. luminaries, the months, the fixed 3Wisdom have I given you, to your periods, the years, and the days, children, and your posterity, that Uriel has explained to me, and they may reveal to their children, communicated to me; whom the for generations for ever, this wis- Lord of all creation, on my dom in their thoughts; and that account, commanded (according those who comprehend it may not to the might of heaven, and the slumber, but hear with their ears; power which it possesses both by that they may learn this wisdom, night and by day) to explain the and be deemed worthy of eating laws of light to man, of the sun, this wholesome food. moon, and stars, and of all the 4Blessed are all the righteous; powers of heaven, which are blessed are all who walk in righ- turned with their respective orbs. teousness; in whom no crime is 9This is the ordinance of the stars, found, as in sinners, when all their which set in their places, in their days are numbered. seasons, in their periods, in their 5With respect to the progress of the days, and in their months. sun in heaven, it enters and goes 10These are the names of the those out of each gate for thirty days, who conduct them, who watch with the leaders of the thousand and enter in their seasons, accord-

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ing to their ordinance in their 16In the first part of the year rises periods, in their months, in the and rules Melkyas, who is named times of their influence, and in Tamani, and Zahay.a their stations. 17All the days of his influence, 11Four conductors of them first during which he rules, are ninety- enter, who separate the four quar- one days. ters of the year. After these, 18And these are the signs of the twelve conductors of their classes, days which are seen upon the who separate the months and the earth. In the days of his influence year into three hundred and sixty- there is perspiration, heat, and four days, with the leaders of a trouble. All the trees become thousand, who distinguish fruitful; the leaf of every tree between the days, as well as comes forth; the corn is reaped; between the four additional ones; the rose and every species of which, as conductors, divide the flowers blossoms in the field; and four quarters of the year. the trees of winter are dried up. 19 12These leaders of a thousand are These are the names of the con- in the midst of the conductors, ductors who are under them: Bar- kel, Zelsabel; and another and the conductors are added each additional conductor of a thou- behind his station, and their con- sand is named Heloyalef, the days ductors make the separation. of those influence have been com- These are the names of the con- pleted. The other conductor next ductors, who separate the four after them is Helemmelek, whose quarters of the year, who are name they call the splendid appointed over them: Melkel, Zahay.b Helammelak, 20All the days of his light are 13 Meliyal, and Narel. ninety-one days. 14And the names of those who con- 21These are the signs of the days duct them are Adnarel, Jyasusal, upon earth, heat and drought; and Jyelumeal. while the trees bring forth their fruits, warmed and concocted, and 15These are the three who follow give their fruits to dry. after the conductors of the classes 22 c of stars; each following after the The flocks follow and yean. All three conductors of the classes, the fruits of the earth are col- which themselves follow after those conductors of the stations, a. Tamani, and Zahay. Or, “the who divide the four quarters of southern sun” (Knibb, p. 190). the year. b. Zahay. Or, “sun” (Knibb, p. 191).

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lected, with everything in the great abyss; and mountains sus- fields, and the vines are trodden. pended over mountains. This takes place during the time 6Hills were sinking upon hills, of his influence. lofty trees were gliding off from 23 These are their names and their trunks, and were in the act of orders, and the names of the con- being projected, and of sinking ductors who are under them, of into the abyss. those who are chiefs of a thou- 7Being alarmed at these things, my sand: Gedaeyal, Keel, Heel. c 24 voice faltered. I cried out and And the name of the additional said, The earth is destroyed. Then leader of a thousand is Asphael. my grandfather Malalel raised me 25The days of his influence have up, and said to me: Why do you been completed. thus cry out, my son? And wherefore thus do you lament? CHAPTER 82 8I related to him the whole vision 1 And now I have shown you, my which I had seen. He said to me, son Mathusala, every sight which Confirmed is that which you have I saw prior to your birth. I will seen, my son; relate another vision, which I saw 9 before I was married; they resem- And potent the vision of your ble each other. dream respecting every secret sin of the earth. Its substance shall 2The first was when I was learning sink into the abyss, and a great a book; and the other before I was destruction take place. married to your mother. I saw a potent vision; 10Now, my son, rise up; and 3And on account of these things beseech the Lord of glory (for you besought the Lord. are faithful), that a remnant may 4 be left upon earth, and that he I was lying down in the house of would not wholly destroy it. My my grandfather Malalel, when I son, all this calamity upon earth saw in a vision heaven purifying, a comes down from heaven; upon and snatched away. earth shall there be a great 5And falling to the earth,b I saw destruction. likewise the earth absorbed by a b. And falling to the earth. Or, “and c. Follow and yean. Mate and bear when it fell upon the earth” (Knibb, p. young. 192). a. Purifying, and snatched away. Or, c. My voice faltered. Literally, “the “was thrown down and removed” word fell down in my mouth” (Laurence, (Knibb, p. 192). p. 118).

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11Then I arose, prayed, and 3From generation to generation entreated; and wrote down my shall your dominion exist. All the prayer for the generations of the heavens are your throne for ever, world, explaining everything to and all the earth your footstool for my son Mathusala. ever and for ever. 12 When I went down below, and 4For you have made them, and looking up to heaven, beheld the over all you reign. No act whatso- sun proceeding from the east, the ever exceeds your power. With moon descending to the west, a your wisdom is unchangeable; nor few scattered stars, and every- from your throne and from your thing which God has known from presence is it ever averted. You the beginning, I blessed the Lord know all things, see and hear of judgment, and magnified him: them; nor is anything concealed because he hath sent forth the sun from you; for you perceive all from the chambersa of the east; things. that, ascending and rising in the face of heaven, it might spring up, 5The angels of your heavens have and pursue the path which has transgressed; and on mortal flesh been pointed out to it. shall your wrath remain, until the day of the great judgment. CHAPTER 83 6Now then, O God, Lord and 1I lifted up my hands in righteous- mighty King, I entreat you, and ness, and blessed the holy, and the beseech you to grant my prayer, Great One. I spoke with the breath that a posterity may be left to me of my mouth, and with a tongue on earth, and that the whole of flesh, which God has formed human race may not perish; for all the sons of mortal men, that 7 with it they may speak; giving That the earth may not be left des- them breath, a mouth, and a titute, and destruction take place tongue to converse with. for ever. 8 2Blessed are you, O Lord, the O my Lord, let the race perish King, great and powerful in your from off the earth which has greatness, Lord of all the crea- offended you, but a righteous and tures of heaven, King of kings, upright race establish for a poster- God of the whole world, whose ityb for ever. Hide not your face, reign, whose kingdom, and whose O Lord, from the prayer of your majesty endure for ever and ever. servant. a. Chambers. Literally, “windows” b. For a posterity. Literally, “for the (Laurence, p. 119). plant of a seed” (Laurence, p. 121).

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8 CHAPTER 84 The first female young one also 1 went out in the presence of the After this I saw another dream, first cow; and sought the red and explained it all to you, my heifer, but found him not. son. Enoch arose and said to his 9 son Mathusala, To you, my son, And she lamented with a great will I speak. Hear my word; and lamentation, while she was seek- incline your ear to the visionary ing him. dream of your father. Before I 10Then I looked until that first cow married your mother Edna, I saw came to her, from which time she a vision on my bed;a became silent, and ceased to lament. 2And behold, a cow sprung forth 11 from the earth; Afterwards she calved another white cow. 3And this cow was white. 12And again calved many cows 4Afterwards a female heifer sprung and black heifers. forth; and with it another heifer:b 13In my sleep also I perceived a one of them was black, and one white bull, which in like manner was red.c grew, and became a large white 5The black heifer then struck the bull. red one, and pursued it over the 14After him many white cows earth. came forth, resembling him. 6From that period I could see noth- 15And they began to calve many ing more of the red heifer; but the other white cows, which resem- black one increased in bulk, and a bled them and followed each female heifer came with him. other. 7After this I saw that many cows proceeded forth, resembling him, CHAPTER 85 and following after him. 1Again I looked attentively, while sleeping, and surveyed heaven a. This second vision of Enoch seems to above. portray in symbolic language the 2And behold a single star fell from complete history of the world from the heaven. time of Adam down to the final judgment 3 and the establishment of the Messianic Which being raised up, ate and Kingdom (Charles, p. 227). fed among those cows. b. Another heifer. The sense seems to 4After that I perceived other large require that the passage should read, “two and black cows; and behold all of other heifers” (Laurence, p. 121). them changed their stalls and pas- c. Cain and Abel. tures, while their young began to

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lament one with another. Again I 2Those three, who came forth last, looked in my vision, and surveyed seized me by my hand; and rais- heaven; when behold I saw many ing me up from the generations of stars which descended, and pro- the earth, elevated me to a high jected themselves from heaven to station. where the first star was, 3Then they showed me a lofty 5Into the midst of those young tower on the earth, while every ones; while the cows were with hill became diminished. And they them, feeding in the midst of said, Remain here, until you per- them. ceive what shall come upon those 6I looked at and observed them; elephants, camels, and asses, when behold, they all acted after upon the stars, and upon all the the manner of horses, and began cows. to approach the young cows, all of whom became pregnant, and CHAPTER 87 brought forth elephants, camels, 1Then I looked at that one of the and asses. four white men, who came forth 7 At these all the cows were first. alarmed and terrified; when they 2 began biting with their teeth, He seized the first star which fell swallowing, and striking with down from heaven. their horns. 3And, binding it hand and foot, he 8They began also to devour the cast it into a valley; a valley nar- cows; and behold all the children row, deep, stupendous, and of the earth trembled, shook with gloomy. terror at them, and suddenly fled 4Then one of them drew his sword, away. and gave it to the elephants, camels, and asses, who began to strike CHAPTER 86 each other. And the whole earth shook on account of them. 1Again I perceived them, when they began to strike and to swal- 5And when I looked in the vision, low each other; and the earth behold, one of those four angels, cried out. Then I raised my eyes a who came forth, hurled from second time towards heaven, and heaven, collected together, and saw in a vision, that, behold, there took all the great stars, whose came forth from heaven as it were form partly resembles that of the likeness of white men. One horses; and binding them all hand came forth from thence, and three and foot, cast them into the cavi- with him. ties of the earth.

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CHAPTER 88 could I perceive them. Neither were they able to get out, but per- 1Then one of those four went to the ished, and sunk into the deep. white cows, and taught them a 9 mystery. While the cow was trem- Again I looked in the vision until bling, it was born, and became a those cataracts from that lofty man,a and fabricated for himself a roof were removed, and the foun- large ship. In this he dwelt, and tains of the earth became equal- three cowsb dwelt with him in that ized, while other depths were ship, which covered them. opened; 10 2Again I lifted up my eyes towards Into which the water began to heaven, and saw a lofty roof. descend, until the dry ground Above it were seven cataracts, appeared. which poured fourth on a certain 11The ship remained on the earth; village much water. the darkness receded; and it 3Again I looked, and behold there became light. were fountains open on the earth 12Then the white cow, which in that large village. became a man, went out of the 4The water began to boil up, and ship, and the three cows with him. rose over the earth; so that the vil- 13One of the three cows was white, lage was not seen, while its whole resembling that cow; one of them soil was covered with water. was red as blood; and one of them 5Much water was over it, darkness, was black. And the white cow left and clouds. Then I surveyed the them. height of this water; and it was 14Then began wild beasts and birds elevated above the village. to bring forth. 6It flowed over the village, and 15Of all these the different kinds stood higher than the earth. assembled together, lions, tigers, wolves, dogs, wild boars, foxes, 7Then all the cows which were col- rabbits, and the hanzar. lected there, while I looked on 16 them, were drowned, swallowed The siset, the avest, kites, the up, and destroyed in the water. phonkas, and ravens. 17 c 8But the ship floated above it. All Then the white cow was born in the cows, the elephants, the cam- the midst of them. els, and the asses, were drowned 18And they began to bite each on the earth, and all cattle. Nor other; when the white cow, which was born in the midst of them, a. Noah. b. Shem, Ham, and Japheth. c. Abraham.

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brought forth a wild ass and a however, which was saved, white cow at the same time, and escaped, and went away to the after that many wild asses. Then wild asses. a the white cow, which was born, 29I beheld the sheep moaning, cry- brought forth a black wild sow ing, and petitioning their Lord. and a white sheep.b 30With all their might, until the 19 That wild sow also brought forth Lord of the sheep descended at many swine. their voice from his lofty habita- 20And that sheep brought forth tion; went to them; and inspected twelve sheep.c them. 21When those twelve sheep grew 31He called to that sheep which up, they delivered one of themd to had secretly stolen away from the the asses.e wolves, and told him to make the 22Again those asses delivered that wolves understand that they were sheep to the wolves,f not to touch the sheep. 32 23And he grew up in the midst of Then that sheep went to the wolves with the word of the Lord, them. h 24 when another met him, and pro- Then the Lord brought the eleven ceeded with him. other sheep, that they might dwell 33 and feed with him in the midst of Both of them together entered the wolves. the dwelling of the wolves; and 25 conversing with them made them They multiplied, and there was understand, that thenceforwards abundance of pasture for them. they were not to touch the sheep. 26 But the wolves began to frighten 34Afterwards I perceived the and oppress them, while they wolves greatly prevailing over the destroyed their young ones. sheep with their whole force. The 27And they left their young in tor- sheep cried out; and their Lord rents of deep water. came to them. 28Now the sheep began to cry out 35He began to strike the wolves, on account of their young, and who commenced a grievous lam- fled for refuge to their Lord. Oneg entation; but the sheep were silent, nor from that time did they a. Isaac. cry out. b. Esau and Jacob. 36I then looked at them, until they c. The twelve patriarchs. departed from the wolves. The d. Joseph. e. The Midianites. g. Moses. f. The Egyptians. h. Aaron.

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eyes of the wolves were blind, water and grass. And they began who went out and followed them to open their eyes and to see. with all their might. But the Lord 45Then I beheld the Lord of the of the sheep proceeded with them, sheep inspecting them, and giving and conducted them. them water and grass. 37All his sheep followed him. 46The sheep already mentioned 38 His countenance was terrific and was proceeding with them, and splendid, and glorious was his conducting them. aspect. Yet the wolves began to 47And when he had ascended the follow the sheep, until they over- top of the lofty rock, the Lord of took them in a certain lake of the sheep sent him to them. water.a 48 39Then that lake became divided; Afterwards I perceived their the water standing up on both Lord standing before them, with sides before their face. an aspect terrific and severe. 49 40And while their Lord was con- And when they all beheld him, ducting them, he placed himself they were frightened at his coun- between them and the wolves. tenance. 50 41The wolves however perceived All of them were alarmed, and not the sheep, but went into the trembled. They cried out after that midst of the lake, following them, sheep; and to the other sheep who and running after them into the had been with him, and who was lake of water. in the midst of them, saying, We are not able to stand before our 42But when they saw the Lord of Lord, or to look upon him. the sheep, they turned to fly from 51 before his face. Then that sheep who conducted 43Then the water of the lake them went away, and ascended returned, and that suddenly, the top of the rock; according to its nature. It became 52When the rest of the sheep began full, and was raised up, until it to grow blind, and to wander from covered the wolves. And I saw the path which he had shown that all of them which had fol- them; but he knew it not. lowed the sheep perished, and 53Their Lord however was moved were drowned. with great indignation against 44But the sheep passed over this them; and when that sheep had water, proceeding to a wilder- learned what had happened, ness, which was without both 54He descended from the top of the rock, and coming to them, found a. The Red Sea. that there were many,

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55Which had become blind; 64I saw likewise that they ceased to 56And had wandered from his path. cry after that sheep, and passed As soon as they beheld him, they over the river of water. feared, and trembled at his pres- 65And that there arose other sheep, ence; all of whom conducted them,c instead of those who were dead, 57And became desirous of return- and who had previously con- ing to their fold, ducted them. 58Then that sheep, taking with him 66Then I saw that the sheep entered other sheep, went to those which into a goodly place, and a territory had wandered. delectable and glorious. 59And afterwards began to kill 67I saw also that they became sati- them. They were terrified at his ated; that their house was in the countenance. Then he caused midst of a delectable territory; and those which had wandered to that sometimes their eyes were return; who went back to their opened, and that sometimes they fold. were blind; until another sheepd 60I likewise saw there in the vision, arose and conducted them. He that this sheep became a man, brought them all back; and their built a housea for the Lord of the eyes were opened. sheep, and made them all stand in 68Then dogs, foxes, and wild boars the house. began to devour them, until again 61I perceived also that the sheep another sheepe arose, the master which proceeded to meet this of the flock, one of themselves, a sheep, their conductor, died. I ram, to conduct them. This ram saw, too, that all the great sheep began to butt on every side those perished, while smaller ones rose dogs, foxes, and wild boars, until up in their place, entered into a they all perished. pasture, and approached a river of 69 b [And that sheep opened] his water. eyes, and saw the ram in the midst 62Then that sheep, their conductor, of them, who had laid aside his who became a man, was separated glory. from them, and died. 70And he began to strike the sheep, 63All the sheep sought after him, treading upon them, and behaving and cried for him with bitter lam- himself without dignity. entation. c. The Judges of Israel. a. A house. A tabernacle (Milik, p. 205). d. Samuel. b. The river Jordan. e. Saul.

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71Then their Lord sent the former midst of the sheep, nor at any time sheep again to a still different ever snatch them away. a sheep, and raised him up to be a 81And that house was made large ram, and to conduct them instead and wide; a lofty tower being of that sheep who had laid aside built upon it by the sheep, for the his glory. Lord of the sheep. 72 Going therefore to him, and con- 82The house was low, but the tower versing with him alone, he raised was elevated and very high. up that ram, and made him a 83 prince and leader of the flock. All Then the Lord of the sheep stood the time that the dogsb troubled upon that tower, and caused a full the sheep, table to approach before him. 84 73The first ram paid respect to this Again I saw that those sheep latter ram. wandered, and went various ways, forsaking that their house; 74Then the latter ram arose, and 85And that their Lord called to fled away from before his face. some among them, whom he sentd And I saw that those dogs caused to them. the first ram to fall. 86But these the sheep began to kill. 75But the latter ram arose, and con- And when one of them was saved ducted the smaller sheep. from slaughtere he leaped, and 76 That ram likewise begat many cried out against those who were sheep, and died. desirous of killing him. 77 c Then there was a smaller sheep, 87But the Lord of the sheep deliv- a ram, instead of him, which ered him from their hands, and became a prince and leader, con- made him ascend to him, and ducting the flock. remain with him. 78 And the sheep increased in size, 88He sent also many others to and multiplied. them, to testify, and with lamenta- 79And all the dogs, foxes, and wild tions to exclaim against them. boars feared, and fled away from 89Again I saw, when some of them him. forsook the house of their Lord, 80That ram also struck and killed and his tower; wandering on all all the wild beasts, so that they sides, and growing blind, could not again prevail in the 90I saw that the Lord of the sheep made a great slaughter among a. David. b. The Philistines. d. The prophets. c. Solomon. e. Elijah.

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them in their pasture, until they 96I will tell you which of them cried out to him in consequence shall be slain; these destroy. And of that slaughter. Then he he delivered the sheep to them. departed from the place of his 97Then he called to another, and habitation, and left them in the said, Understand, and watch power of lions, tigers, wolves, and a everything which the shepherds the zeebt, and in the power of shall do to these sheep; for many foxes, and of every beast. more of them shall perish than I 91And the wild beasts began to tear have commanded. them. 98Of every excess and slaughter, 92I saw, too, that he forsook the which the shepherds shall com- house of their fathers, and their mit, there shall be an account; as, how many may have perished by tower; giving them all into the my command, and how many power of lions to tear and devour they may have destroyed of their them; into the power of every own heads. beast. 99 93 Of all the destruction brought Then I began to cry out with all about by each of the shepherds my might, imploring the Lord of there shall be an account; and the sheep, and showing him how according to the number I will the sheep were devoured by all cause a recital to be made before the beasts of prey. me, how many they have 94But he looked on in silence, destroyed of their own heads, and rejoicing that they were devoured, how many they have delivered up swallowed up, and carried off; to destruction, that I may have and leaving them in the power of this testimony against them; that I every beast for food. He called may know all their proceedings; also seventy shepherds, and and that, delivering the sheep to resigned to them the care of the them, I may see what they will do; sheep, that they might overlook whether they will act as I have them; commanded them, or not. 100Of this, however, they shall be 95Saying to them and to their asso- ignorant; neither shall you make ciates, Every one of you hencefor- any explanation to them, neither wards overlook the sheep, and shall you reprove them; but there whatsoever I command you, do; shall be an account of all the and I will deliver them to you destruction done by them in their numbered. respective seasons. Then they began to kill, and destroy more a. Zeebt. Hyenas. (Knibb, p. 209). than it was commanded them.

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101And they left the sheep in the 108And all which they had deliv- power of the lions, so that very ered up to destruction. many of them were devoured and 109He took the book up in his swallowed up by lions and tigers; hands, read it, sealed it, and and wild boars preyed upon them. deposited it. That tower they burnt, and over- 110 threw that house. After this, I saw shepherds overlooking for twelve hours. 102Then I grieved extremely on 111And behold three of the sheepa account of the tower, and because departed, arrived, went in; and the house of the sheep was over- began building all which was thrown. fallen down of that house. 103 Neither was I afterwards able to 112But the wild boarsb hindered perceive whether they again them, although they prevailed not. entered that house. 113Again they began to build as 104 The shepherds likewise, and before, and raised up that tower, their associates, delivered them to which was called a lofty tower. all the wild beasts, that they might 114 devour them. Each of them in his And again they began to place season, according to his number, before the tower a table, with was delivered up; each of them, every impure and unclean kind of one with another, was described bread upon it. in a book, how many of them, one 115Moreover also all the sheep with another, were destroyed, in a were blind, and could not see, as book. were the shepherds likewise. 116 105More, however, than was Thus were they delivered up to ordered, every shepherd killed the shepherds for a great destruc- and destroyed. tion, who trod them under foot, 106 and devoured them. Then I began to weep, and was 117 greatly indignant, on account of Yet was their Lord silent, until the sheep. all the sheep in the field were destroyed. The shepherds and the 107 In like manner also I saw in the sheep were all mixed together; but vision him who wrote, how he they did not save them from the wrote down one, destroyed by the power of the beasts. shepherds, every day. He 118Then he who wrote the book ascended, remained, and exhib- ascended, exhibited it, and read it ited each of his books to the Lord of the sheep, containing all which they had done, and all which each a. Zerubbabel, Joshua, and Nehemiah. of them had made away with; b. The Samaritans.

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at the residence of the Lord of the eagles, and by the kites. They nei- sheep. He petitioned him for ther left them their body, nor their them, and prayed, pointing out skin, nor their muscles, until their every act of the shepherds, and bones alone remained; until their testifying before him against them bones fell upon the ground. And all. Then taking the book, he the sheep became diminished. deposited it with him, and 7I observed likewise during the departed. time, that twenty-three shepherdsb were overlooking; who completed CHAPTER 89 in their respective periods fifty- 1And I observed during the time, eight periods. a that thus thirty-seven shepherds 8Then were small lambs born of were overlooking, all of whom those white sheep; who began to finished in their respective peri- open their eyes and to see, crying ods as the first. Others then out to the sheep. received them into their hands, 9The sheep, however, cried not out that they might overlook them in to them, neither did they hear their respective periods, every what they uttered to them; but shepherd in his own period. were deaf, blind, and obdurate in 2 Afterwards I saw in the vision, the greatest degrees. that all the birds of heaven 10I saw in the vision that ravens arrived; eagles, the avest, kites flew down upon those lambs; and ravens. The eagle instructed them all. 11That they seized one of them; and that tearing the sheep in pieces, 3They began to devour the sheep, they devoured them. to peck out their eyes, and to eat up their bodies. 12I saw also, that the horns grew upon those lambs; and that the 4The sheep then cried out; for their ravens lighted down upon their bodies were devoured by the horns. birds. 13I saw, too, that a large horn 5I also cried out, and groaned in sprouted out on an animal among my sleep against the shepherd the sheep, and that their eyes were which overlooked the flock. opened. 6And I looked, while the sheep were eaten up by the dogs, by the b. The kings of Babylon, etc., during and after the captivity. The numbers thirty- a. Thirty-seven. An apparent error for five and twenty-three make fifty-eight; thirty-five (see verse 7). The kings of and not thirty-seven, as erroneously put Judah and Israel (Laurence, p. 139). in the first verse (Laurence, p. 139).

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14He looked at them. Their eyes 23I perceived likewise that the were wide open; and he cried out Lord of the sheep came to them in to them. wrath, while all those who saw 15Then the dabelaa saw him; all of him fled away; all fell down in his whom ran to him. tabernacle before his face; while all the eagles, the avest, ravens, 16And besides this, all the eagles, and kites assembled, and brought the avest, the ravens and the kites, were still carrying off the sheep, with them all the sheep of the flying down upon them, and field. devouring them. The sheep were 24All came together, and strove to silent, but the dabela lamented break the horn of the dabela. and cried out. 25 17 Then I saw, that the man, who Then the ravens contended, and wrote the book at the word of the struggled with them. Lord, opened the book of destruc- 18 They wished among them to tion, of that destruction which the break his horn; but they prevailed last twelve shepherdsb wrought; not over him. and pointed out before the Lord of 19I looked on them, until the shep- the sheep, that they destroyed herds, the eagles, the avest, and more than those who preceded the kites came. them. 20 Who cried out to the ravens to 26I saw also that the Lord of the break the horn of the dabela; to sheep came to them, and taking in contend with him; and to kill him. his hand the sceptre of his wrath But he struggled with them, and seized the earth, which became cried out, that help might come to rent asunder; while all the beasts him. and birds of heaven fell from the 21Then I perceived that the man sheep, and sunk into the earth, came who had written down the which closed over them. names of the shepherds, and who 27 ascended up before the Lord of I saw, too, that a large sword was the sheep. given to the sheep, who went 22 forth against all the beasts of the He brought assistance, and field to slay them. caused every one to see him 28 descending to the help of the But all the beasts and birds of dabela. heaven fled away from before their face. a. Dabela. The ibex, probably symbolizing Alexander the Great b. The native princes of Judah after its (Laurence, p. 140). delivery from the Syrian yoke.

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29And I saw a throne erected in a and found guilty, were all thrust delectable land; into that abyss of fire on the earth, 30Upon this sat the Lord of the and burnt. sheep, who received all the sealed 36The abyss was on the right of books; that house. 31 Which were open before him. 37 32 And I saw the sheep burning, and Then the Lord called the first their bones consuming. seven white ones, and com- 38 manded them to bring before him I stood beholding him immerge the first of the first stars, which that ancient house, while they preceded the stars whose form brought out its pillars, every plant partly resembled that of horses; in it, and the ivory infolding it. the first star, which fell down They brought it out, and deposited first; and they brought them all it in a place on the right side of before him. the earth. 33 And he spoke to the man who 39I also saw, that the Lord of the wrote in his presence, who was sheep produced a new house, one of the seven white ones, say- great, and loftier than the former, ing, Take those seventy shep- which he bound by the former cir- herds, to whom I delivered up the cular spot. All its pillars were sheep, and who receiving them new, and its ivory new, as well as killed more of them than I com- more abundant than the former manded. Behold, I saw them all ancient ivory, which he had bound, and standing before him. brought out. First came on the trial of the stars, 40 which, being judged, and found And while all the sheep which guilty, went to the place of pun- were left were in the midst of it, ishment. They thrust them into a all the beasts of the earth, and all place, deep, and full of flaming the birds of heaven, fell down and fire, and full of pillars of fire. worshipped them, petitioning Then the seventy shepherds were them, and obeying them in every- judged, and being found guilty, thing. were thrust into the flaming 41Then those three, who were abyss. clothed in white, and who, hold- 34 At that time likewise I perceived, ing me by my hand, had before that one abyss was thus opened in caused me to ascend, while the the midst of the earth, which was hand of him who spoke held me; full of fire. raised me up, and placed me in 35And to this were brought the the midst of the sheep, before the blind sheep; which being judged, judgment took place.

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42The sheep were all white, with the head of which were great and wool long and pure. Then all who black horns; had perished, and had been 48While the Lord of the sheep destroyed, every beast of the field, rejoiced over them, and over all and every bird of heaven, assem- the cows. bled in that house: while the Lord 49 of the sheep rejoiced with great I lay down in the midst of them: I joy, because all were good, and awoke; and saw the whole. This is had come back again to his dwell- the vision which I saw, lying ing. down and waking. Then I blessed 43 the Lord of righteousness, and And I saw that they laid down gave glory to Him. the sword which had been given 50 to the sheep, and returned it to his Afterwards I wept abundantly, house, sealing it up in the pres- nor did my tears cease, so that I ence of the Lord. became incapable of enduring it. While I was looking on, they 44All the sheep would have been flowed on account of what I saw; inclosed in that house, had it been for all was come and gone by; capable of containing them; and every individual circumstance the eyes of all were open, gazing respecting the conduct of man- on the good One; nor was there kind was seen by me. one among them who did not 51 behold him. In that night I remembered my former dream; and therefore wept 45I likewise perceived that the and was troubled, because I had house was large, wide, and seen that vision. extremely full. I saw, too, that a white cow was born, whose horns were great; and that all the beasts CHAPTER 90 of the field, and all the birds of 1And now, my son Mathusala, call heaven, were alarmed at him, and to me all your brethren, and entreated him at all times. assemble for me all the children 46Then I saw that the nature of all of your mother; for a voice calls of them was changed, and that me, and the spirit is poured out they became white cows; upon me, that I may show you everything which shall happen to 47And that the first, who was in the you for ever. midst of them, spoke, when that word becamea a large beast, upon 2Then Mathusala went, called to him all his brethren, and assem- a. Spoke, when that word came. Or bled his kindred. “was a wild-ox, and that wild-ox was…” 3And conversing with all his chil- (Knibb, p. 216). dren in truth,

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4Enoch said, Hear, my children, 9The holy Lord shall go forth in every word of your father, and lis- wrath, and with punishment, that ten in uprightness to the voice of he may execute judgment upon my mouth; for I would gain your earth. attention, while I address you. My 10In those days oppression shall be beloved, be attached to integrity, cut off from its roots, and iniquity and walk in it. with fraud shall be eradicated, 5Approach not integrity with a perishing from under heaven. double heart; nor be associated 11Every place of strengtha shall be with double-minded men: but surrendered with its inhabitants; walk, my children, in righteous- with fire shall it be burnt. They ness, which will conduct you in shall be brought from every part good paths; and be truth your of the earth, and be cast into a companion. judgment of fire. They shall per- 6For I know, that oppression will ish in wrath, and by a judgment exist and prevail on earth; that on overpowering them for ever. earth great punishment shall in the 12Righteousness shall be raised up end take place; and that there from slumber; and wisdom shall shall be a consummation of all be raised up, and conferred upon iniquity, which shall be cut off them. from its root, and every fabric 13Then shall the roots of iniquity raised by it shall pass away. Iniq- be cut off; sinners perish by the uity, however, shall again be sword; and blasphemers be anni- renewed, and consummated on hilated everywhere. earth. Every act of crime, and 14 every act of oppression and impi- Those who meditate oppression, ety, shall be a second time and those who blaspheme, by the embraced. sword shall perish. 15And now, my children, I will 7When therefore iniquity, sin, blas- describe and point out to you the phemy, tyranny, and every evil path of righteousness and the path work, shall increase, and when of oppression. transgression, impiety, and 16 uncleanness also shall increase, I will again point them out to then upon them all shall great you, that you may know what is to punishment be inflicted from come. heaven. 17Hear now, my children, and walk 8The holy Lord shall go forth in in the path of righteousness, but wrath, and upon them all shall great punishment from heaven be a. Every place of strength. Or, “all the inflicted. idols of the nations” (Knibb, p. 218).

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shun that of oppression; for all 3Concerning these things will I who walk in the path of iniquity speak, and these things will I shall perish for ever. explain to you, my children: I who am Enoch. In consequence of that CHAPTER 91 which has been shown to me, 1 from my heavenly vision and That which was written by Enoch. a He wrote all this instruction of from the voice of the holy angels wisdom for every man of dignity, have I acquired knowledge; and and every judge of the earth; for from the tablet of heaven have I all my children who shall dwell acquired understanding. upon earth, and for subsequent 4Enoch then began to speak from a generations, conducting them- book, and said, I have been born selves uprightly and peaceably. the seventh in the first week, 2Let not your spirit be grieved on while judgment and righteous- account of the times; for the holy, ness wait with patience. the Great One, has prescribed a 5But after me, in the second week, period to all. great wickedness shall arise, and 3Let the righteous man arise from fraud shall spring forth. slumber; let him arise, and pro- 6In that week the end of the first ceed in the path of righteousness, shall take place, in which man- in all its paths; and let him kind shall be safe.b advance in goodness and eternal 7But when the first is completed, clemency. Mercy shall be showed iniquity shall grow up; and during to the righteous man; upon him the second week he shall execute shall be conferred integrity and the decreec upon sinners. power for ever. In goodness and in righteousness shall he exist, 8Afterwards, in the third week, and shall walk in everlasting light; during its completion, a mand of but sin shall perish in eternal darkness, nor be seen from that a. Holy angels. A Qumran text reads, time forward for evermore. “Watchers and Holy Ones,” clearly denoting heavenly Watchers who did not CHAPTER 92 fall along with the wicked ones (Milik, p. 264). See also Dan. 4:13, “a watcher and 1 After this, Enoch began to speak a holy one came down from heaven”; from a book. 4:17, “watchers, and… holy ones.” 2And Enoch said, Concerning the b. Mankind shall be safe. Or, “a man children of righteousness, con- will be saved” (Knibb, p. 224). cerning the elect of the world, and c. The Deluge after the first (in the concerning the plant of righteous- middle of the second) Millennium (2500 ness and integrity, B.C.).

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the plant of righteous judgment abundant shall be its deeds, and shall be selected; and after him all its deeds perverse. During its the Planta of righteousness shall completion, the righteous shall be come for ever. selected from the everlasting plant 9Subsequently, in the fourth week, of righteousness; and to them during its completion, the visions shall be given the sevenfold doc- of the holy and the righteous shall trine of his whole creation. be seen, the order of generation 13Afterwards there shall be another after generation shall take place, week, the eighthe of righteous- and a habitation shall be made for ness, to which shall be given a them. Then in the fifth week, dur- sword to execute judgment and ing its completion, the house of justice upon all oppressors. glory and of dominionb shall be 14Sinners shall be delivered up into erected for ever. the hands of the righteous, who 10After that, in the sixth week, all during its completion shall those who are in it shall be dark- acquire habitations by their righ- ened, the hearts of all of them teousness; and the house of the shall be forgetful of wisdom, and great King shall be established for in it shall a Manc arise and come celebrations for ever. After this, in forth. the ninth week, shall the judgment 11 of righteousness be revealed to And during its completion He the whole world. shall burn the house of dominion 15 with fire, and all the race of the Every work of the ungodly shall elect root shall be dispersed.d disappear from the whole earth; the world shall be marked for 12 Afterwards, in the seventh week, destruction; and all men shall be a perverse generation shall arise; on the watch for the path of integrity. d. King David at the end of the third 16And after this, on the seventh Millennium (1000 B.C.). day of the tenth week, there shall a. The Messiah at the end of the fourth be an everlasting judgment, which Millennium (4 B.C. to A.D. 30). shall be executed upon the Watch- b. The establishment (A.D. 30) and ers; and a spacious eternal heaven building of the Church through the fifth shall spring forth in the midst of (and sixth) Millennium. the angels. c. The Messiah at the end of the sixth 17 Millennium. The former heaven shall depart d. The destruction of Jerusalem and the and pass away; a new heaven disbursement of those who dwell in that land at the end of the sixth (and the e. The beginning of the eighth beginning of the seventh) Millennium. Millennium.

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shall appear; and all the celestial CHAPTER 93 powers shall shine with seven- 1And now let me exhort you, my fold splendour for ever. After- children, to love righteousness, wards likewise shall there be and to walk in it; for the paths of many weeks, which shall exter- righteousness are worthy of nally exist in goodness and in acceptation; but the paths of iniq- righteousness. uity shall suddenly fail, and be 18Neither shall sin be named there diminished. for ever and for ever. 2To men of note in their generation the paths of oppression and death 19Who is there of all the children are revealed; but they keep far of men, capable of hearing the from them, and do not follow voice of the Holy One without them. emotion? 3 20 Now, too, let me exhort you who Who is there capable of thinking are righteous, not to walk in the his thoughts? Who capable of paths of evil and oppression, nor contemplating all the workman- in the paths of death. Approach ship of heaven? Who of compre- them not, that you may not perish; hending the deeds of heaven? but covet, 21He may behold its animation, but 4And choose for yourselves righ- not its spirit. He may be capable teousness, and a good life. of conversing respecting it, but 5Walk in the paths of peace, that not of ascending to it. He may see you may live, and be found wor- all the boundaries of these things, thy. Retain my words in your and meditate upon them; but he inmost thoughts, and obliterate can make nothing like them. them not from your hearts; for I 22Who of all men is able to under- know that sinners counsel men to stand the breadth and length of commit crime craftily. They are not found in every place, nor does the earth? every counsel possess a little of 23By whom have been seen the them. dimensions of all these things? Is 6Woe to those who build iniquity it every man who is capable of and oppression, and who lay the comprehending the extent of foundation of fraud; for suddenly heaven; what its elevation is, and shall they be subverted, and never by what it is supported? obtain peace. 24How many are the numbers of 7Woe to those who build up their the stars; and where all the lumi- houses with crime; for from their naries remain at rest? very foundations shall their

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houses be demolished, and by the you may avenge yourselves of sword shall they themselves fall. them according to your pleasure. Those, too, who acquire gold and 4Woe to you who shall be so bound silver, shall justly and suddenly by execrations, that you cannot be perish. Woe to you who are rich, released from them; the remedy for in your riches have you being far removed from you on trusted; but from your riches you account of your sins. Woe to you shall be removed; because you who recompense your neighbour have not remembered the Most with evil; for you shall be recom- High in the days of your prosper- pensed according to your works. ity. 5 8 Woe to you, false witnesses, you You have committed blasphemy who aggravate iniquity; for you and iniquity; and are destined to shall suddenly perish. the day of the effusion of blood, 6 to the day of darkness, and to the Woe to you, sinners; for you reject day of the great judgment. the righteous; for you receive or 9 reject at pleasure those who com- This I will declare and point out to mit iniquity; and their yoke shall you, that he who created you will prevail over you. destroy you. 10 When you fall, he will not show CHAPTER 95 you mercy; but your Creator will 1Wait in hope, you righteous; for rejoice in your destruction. suddenly shall sinners perish from 11 Let those, then, who shall be before you, and you shall exercise righteous among you in those dominion over them, according to days, detest sinners, and the your will. ungodly. 2In the day of the sufferings of sinners your offspring shall be ele- CHAPTER 94 vated, and lifted up like eagles. 1O that my eyes were clouds of Your nest shall be more exalted water, that I might weep over you, than that of the avest; you shall and pour forth my tears like rain, ascend, and enter into the cavities and rest from the sorrow of my of the earth, and into the clefts of heart! the rocks for ever, like conies, 2Who has permitted you to hate from the sight of the ungodly; and to transgress? Judgment shall 3Who shall groan over you, and overtake you, ye sinners. weep like sirens. 3The righteous shall not fear the 4You shall not fear those who trou- wicked; because God will again ble you; for restoration shall be bring them into your power, that yours; a splendid light shall shine

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around you, and the voice of tran- What will you do, sinners? And quility shall be heard from where will you fly in the day of heaven. Woe to you, sinners; for judgment, when you shall hear the your wealth makes you resemble words of the prayer of the righ- saints, but your hearts reproach teous? you, knowing that you are sinners. 3You are not like them who in this This word shall testify against respect witness against you; you you, for the remembrance of are associates of sinners. crime. 4In those days shall the prayers of 5Woe to you who feed upon the the righteous come up before the glory of the corn, and drink the Lord. When the day of your judg- strength of the deepest spring, and ment shall arrive; and every cir- in the pride of your power tread cumstance of your iniquity be down the humble. related before the great and the 6Woe to you who drink water at holy One; pleasure; for suddenly shall you 5Your faces shall be covered with be recompensed, consumed, and shame; while every deed, withered, because you have for- strengthened by crime, shall be saken the foundation of life. rejected. 7Woe to you who act iniquitously, 6Woe unto you, sinners, who in the fraudulently, and blasphemously; midst of the sea, and on dry land, there shall be a remembrance are those against whom an evil against you for evil. record exists. Woe to you who 8 Woe to you, powerful, who with squander silver and gold, not power strike down righteousness; obtained in righteousness, and for the day of your destruction say, We are rich, possess wealth, shall come; while at that very time and have acquired everything many and good days shall be the which we can desire. portion of the righteous, even at 7 the period of your judgment. Now then will we do whatsoever we are disposed to do; for we have amassed silver; our barns are CHAPTER 96 full, and the husbandmen of our 1The righteous are confident that families are like overflowing sinners will be disgraced, and per- water. ish in the day of iniquity. 8Like water shall your falsehood 2You shall yourselves be conscious pass away; for your wealth will of it; for the Most High will not be permanent, but shall sud- remember your destruction, and denly ascend from you, because the angels shall rejoice over it. you have obtained it all iniqui-

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tously; to extreme malediction who give it efficiency be exe- shall you be delivered up. crated. 14 9And now I swear to you, crafty, as Barrenness shall not be previ- well as simple ones; that you, ously inflicted on woman; but on often contemplating the earth, you account of the work of her hands who are men, clothe yourselves shall she die childless. more elegantly that married 15I have sworn to you, sinners, by women, and both together more the holy and the Great One, that a so than unmarried ones, every- all your evil deeds are disclosed where arraying yourselves in maj- in the heavens; and that none of esty, in magnificence, in authority, your oppressive acts are con- and in silver: but gold, purple, cealed and secret. honour, and wealth, like water, 16 flow away. Think not in your minds, neither say in your hearts, that every 10Erudition therefore and wisdom crime is not manifested and seen. are not theirs. Thus shall they per- In heaven it is daily written down ish, together with their riches, before the Most High. Hencefor- with all their glory, and with their wards shall it be manifested; for honours; every act of oppression which you 11While with disgrace, with commit shall be daily recorded, slaughter, and in extreme penury, until the period of your condem- shall their spirits be thrust into a nation. furnace of fire. 17Woe to you, simple ones, for you shall perish in your simplicity. To 12I have sworn to you, sinners, that the wise you will not listen, and neither mountain nor hill has been that which is good you shall not or shall be subservientb to obtain. woman. 18 13 Now therefore know that you are Neither in this way has crime destined to the day of destruc- been sent down to us upon earth, tion; nor hope that sinners shall but men of their own heads have live; but in process of time you invented it; and greatly shall those shall die; for you are not marked for redemption; a. Than married women… unmarried 19 ones. Or, “than a woman and more But are destined to the day of the coloured (garments) than a girl…” great judgment, to the day of dis- (Knibb, p. 230). tress, and the extreme ignominy b. Subservient. Literally, “a servant.” of your souls. Perhaps in furnishing them with treasures 20Woe to you, obdurate in heart, for ornaments (Laurence, p. 159). who commit crime, and feed on

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blood. Whence is it that you feed 3And cause the heads of those who on good things, drink, and are are not sinners to be trodden satiated? Is it not because our down upon the earth. Lord, the Most High, has abun- 4In those days you, O righteous, dantly supplied every good thing shall have been deemed worthy of upon earth? To you there shall not having your prayers rise up in be peace. remembrance; and shall have 21Woe to you who love the deeds deposited them in testimony of iniquity. Why do you hope for before the angels, that they might that which is good? Know that records the sins of the sinners in the presence of the Most High. you shall be given up into the 5 hands of the righteous; who shall In those days the nations shall be cut off your necks, slay you, and overthrown; but the families of show you no compassion. the nations shall rise again in the day of perdition. 22Woe to you who rejoice in the 6In those days they who become trouble of the righteous; for a pregnant shall go forth, carry off grave shall not be dug for you. their children, and forsake them. 23Woe to you who frustrate the Their offspring shall slip from word of the righteous; for to you them, and while suckling them there shall be no hope of life. shall they forsake them; they shall 24 never return to them, and never Woe to you who write down the instruct their beloved. word of falsehood, and the word 7 of the wicked; for their falsehood Again I swear to you, sinners, that they record, that they may hear crime has been prepared for the and not forget folly. day of blood, which never ceases. 8 25 They shall worship stones, and To them there shall be no peace; engrave golden, silver, and but they shall surely die suddenly. wooden images. They shall worship impure spirits, demons, and CHAPTER 97 every idol, in temples; but no help shall be obtained for them. Their 1Woe to them who act impiously, hearts shall become impious who laud and honour the word of through their folly, and their eyes falsehood. You have been lost in be blinded with mental supersti- perdition; and have never led a tion.b In their visionary dreams virtuous life. 2Woe to you who change the words a. They transgress… the everlasting of integrity. They transgress decree. Or, “they distort the eternal law” against the everlasting decree;a (Knibb, p. 232).

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shall they be impious and super- shall He put into your hearts, and stitious, lying in all their actions, the spirit of his wrath shall stir and worshipping a stone. Alto- you up, that every one of you may gether shall they perish. perish by the sword. 9But in those days blessed shall 16Then shall all the righteous and they be, to whom the word of wis- the holy remember your crimes. dom is delivered; who point out and pursue the path of the Most CHAPTER 98 High; who walk in the way of 1 righteousness, and who act not In those days shall fathers be impiously with the impious. struck down with their children in the presence of each other; and 10 They shall be saved. brethren with their brethren shall 11Woe to you who expand the fall dead: until a river shall flow crime of your neighbour; for in from their blood. hell shall you be slain. 2For a man shall not restrain his 12Woe to you who lay the founda- hand from his children, nor from tion of sin and deceit, and who are his children’s children; his mercy bitter on earth; for on it shall you will be to kill them. be consumed. 3Nor shall the sinner restrain his 13Woe to you who build your hand from his honoured brother. houses by the labour of others, From the dawn of day to the set- every part of which is con- ting sun shall the slaughter con- structed with brick, and with the tinue. The horse shall wade up to stone of crime; I tell you, that you his breast, and the chariot shall shall not obtain peace. sink to its axle, in the blood of 14Woe to you who despise the sinners. extent of the everlasting inheritance of your fathers, while your CHAPTER 99 souls follow after idols; for to you 1In those days the angels shall there shall be no tranquility. descend into places of conceal- 15Woe to them who commit iniq- ment, and gather together in one uity, and give aid to blasphemy, spot all who have assisted in who slay their neighbour until the crime. day of the great judgment; for 2In that day shall the Most High your glory shall fall; malevolence rise up to execute the great judgment upon all sinners, and to b. Mental superstition. Literally, “with commit the guardianship of all the the fear of their hearts” (Laurence, p. righteous and holy to the holy 162). angels, that they may protect them

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as the apple of an eye, until every become subservient to your evil and every crime be annihi- crimes. lated. 10Now then bring gifts of saluta- 3Whether or not the righteous tion to the rain; that, not being sleep securely, wise men shall withholden, it may descend upon then truly perceive. you; and to the dew, if it has 4And the sons of the earth shall received from you gold and silver. understand every word of that But when the frost, snow, cold, book, knowing that their riches every snowy wind, and every suf- cannot save them in the ruin of fering belonging to them, fall their crimes. upon you, in those days you will 5 be utterly incapable of standing Woe to you, sinners, when you before them. shall be afflicted on account of the righteous in the day of the great CHAPTER 100 trouble; shall be burnt in the fire; and be recompensed according to 1Attentively consider heaven, all your deeds. you progeny of heaven, and all the works of the Most High; fear 6Woe to you, perverted in heart, him, nor conduct yourselves crim- who are watchful to obtain an inally before him. accurate knowledge of evil, and to discover terrors. No one shall 2If He shut up the windows of assist you. heaven, restraining the rain and dew, that it may not descend upon 7Woe to you, sinners; for with the the earth on your account, what words of your mouths, and with will you do? the work of your hands, have you acted impiously; in the flame of a 3And if He send his wrath upon blazing fire shall you be burnt. you, and upon all your deeds, you 8And now know, that the angels are not they who can supplicate shall inquire into your conduct in him; you who utter against his heaven; of the sun, the moon, and righteousness, language proud the stars, shall they inquire and powerful. To you there shall respecting your sins; for upon be no peace. earth you exercise jurisdiction 4Do you not see the commanders over the righteous. of ships, how their vessels are 9Every cloud shall bear witness tossed about by the waves, torn to against you, the snow, the dew, pieces by the winds, and exposed and the rain: for all of them shall to the greatest peril? be withholden from you, that they 5That they therefore fear, because may not descend upon you, nor their whole property is embarked

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with them on the ocean; and that spared, while it trembles, and suf- they forbode evil in their hearts, fers anxiety. because it may swallow them up, 4All the angels fulfill the com- and they may perish in it? mands received by them, and are 6Is not the whole sea, all its waters, desirous of being concealed from and all its commotion, the work of the presence of the great Glory; him, the Most High; of him who while the children of the earth are has sealed up all its exertions, and alarmed and troubled. girded it on every side with sand? 5But you, sinners, are for ever 7 Is it not at his rebuke dried up, accursed; to you there shall be no and alarmed; while all its fish peace. with everything contained in it 6 die? And will not you, sinners, Fear not, souls of the righteous; who are on earth, fear him? Is not but wait with patient hope for the He the maker of heaven and earth, day of your death in righteous- and of all things which are in ness. Grieve not, because your them? souls descend in great trouble, with groaning, lamentation, and 8 And who has given erudition and sorrow, to the receptacle of the wisdom to all that move progres- dead. In your lifetime your bodies sive upon the earth, and over the have not received a recompense in sea? proportion to your goodness, but 9Are not the commanders of ships in the period of your existence terrified at the ocean? And shall have sinners existed; in the period not sinners be terrified at the Most of execration and of punishment. High? 7And when you die, sinners say concerning you, As we die, the (NO CHAPTER 101) righteous die. What profit have they in their works? Behold, like us, they expire in sorrow and in CHAPTER 102 darkness. What advantage have 1In those days, when He shall cast they over us? Henceforward are the calamity of fire upon you, we equal. What will be within whither will you fly, and where their grasp, and what before their will you be safe? eyes for ever? For behold they are 2 dead; and never will they again And when He sends forth his perceive the light. I say unto you, word against you, are you not sinners, You have been satisfied spared, and terrified? with meat and drink, with human 3All the luminaries are agitated plunder and rapine, with sin, with with great fear; and all the earth is the acquisition of wealth and with

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the sight of good days. Have you have lived out their whole period; not marked the righteous, how and now they die in happiness and their end is in peace? For no in wealth. Distress and slaughter oppression is found in them even they knew not while alive; in to the day of their death. They honour they die; nor ever in their perish, and are as if they were not, lifetime did judgment overtake while their souls descend in trou- them. ble to the receptacle of the dead. 5But has it not been shown to them, that, when to the receptacle of the CHAPTER 103 dead their souls shall be made to 1But now I swear to you, righteous, descend, their evil deeds shall by the greatness of his splendour become their greatest torment? and his glory; by his illustrious Into darkness, into the snare, and kingdom and by his majesty, to into the flame, which shall burn to you I swear, that I comprehend the great judgment, shall their this mystery; that I have read the spirits enter; and the great judg- tablet of heaven, have seen the ment shall take effect for ever and writing of the holy ones, and have for ever. discovered what is written and 6Woe to you; for to you there shall impressed on it concerning you. be no peace. Neither can you say 2I have seen that all goodness, joy, to the righteous, and to the good and glory have been prepared for who are alive, In the days of our you, and been written down for trouble have we been afflicted; the spirits of them who die emi- every manner of trouble have we nently righteous and good. To you seen, and many evil things have it shall be given in return for your suffered. troubles; and your portion of hap- 7Our spirits have been consumed, piness shall far exceed the portion lessened, and diminished. of the living. 8We have perished; nor has there 3 The spirits of you who die in righ- been a possibility of help for us in teousness shall exist and rejoice. word or in deed: we have found Their spirits shall exult; and their none, but have been tormented remembrance shall be before the and destroyed. face of the Mighty One from gen- 9 eration to generation. Nor shall We have not expected to live day they now fear disgrace. after day. 10 4Woe to you, sinners, when you die We hoped indeed to have been in your sins; and they, who are the head; like you, say respecting you, 11But we have become the tail. We Blessed are these sinners. They have been afflicted, when we

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have exerted ourselves; but we naries of heaven. You shall be have been devoured by sinners seen, and the gates of heaven shall and the ungodly; their yoke has be opened to you. Your cries have been heavy upon us. cried for judgment; and it has 12Those have exercised dominion appeared to you; for an account of over us who detest and who goad all your sufferings shall be us; and to those who hate us have required from the princes, and we humbled our neck; but they from every one who has assisted have shown no compassion your plunderers. towards us. 3Wait with patient hope; nor relin- 13We have been desirous of escap- quish your confidence; for great ing from them, that we might fly joy shall be yours, like that of the away and be at rest; but we have angels in heaven. Conduct your- found no place to which we could selves as you may, still you shall fly, and be secure from them. We not be concealed in the day of the have sought an asylum with great judgment. You shall not be princes in our distress, and have found like sinners; and eternal cried out to those who were condemnation shall be far from devouring us; but our cry has not you, so long as the world exists. been regarded, nor have they been 4And now fear not, righteous, disposed to hear our voice; when you see sinners flourishing 14But rather to assist those who and prosperous in their ways. plunder and devour us; those who 5Be not associates with them; but diminish us, and hide their keep yourselves at a distance from oppression; who remove not their their oppression; be you associ- yoke from us, but devour, ener- ated with the host of heaven. You, vate, and slay us; who conceal our sinners, say, All our transgres- slaughter, nor remember that they sions shall not be taken account have lifted up their hands against of, and be recorded. But all your us. transgressions shall be recorded daily. CHAPTER 104 6 1 And be assured by me, that light I swear to you, righteous, that in and darkness, day and night, heaven the angels record your behold all your transgressions. Be goodness before the glory of the not impious in your thoughts; lie Mighty One. not; surrender not the word of 2Wait with patient hope; for for- uprightness; lie not against the merly you have been disgraced word of the holy and the mighty with evil and with affliction; but One; glorify not your idols; for all now shall you shine like the lumi- your lying and all your impiety is

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not for righteousness, but for CHAPTER 104A great crime. 1In those days, saith the Lord, they 7Now will I point out a mystery: shall call to the children of the Many sinners shall turn and trans- earth, and make them listen to gress against the word of upright- their wisdom. Show them that you ness. are their leaders; 2 8They shall speak evil things; they And that remuneration shall take place over the whole earth; for I shall utter falsehood; execute and my Son will for ever hold great undertakings;a and com- communion with them in the pose books in their own words. paths of uprightness, while they But when they shall write all my are still alive. Peace shall be words correctly in their own lan- yours. Rejoice, children of integ- guages, rity, in the truth. 9They shall neither change or diminish them; but shall write CHAPTER 105 them all correctly; all which from 1After a time, my son Mathusala the first I have uttered concerning took a wife for his son Lamech. b them. 2She became pregnant by him, and 10Another mystery also I point out. brought forth a child, the flesh of To the righteous and the wise which was as white as snow, and shall be given books of joy, of red as a rose; the hair of whose integrity, and of great wisdom. To head was white like wool, and long; and whose eyes were beauti- them shall books be given, in ful. When he opened them, he which they shall believe; illuminated all the house, like the 11And in which they shall rejoice. sun; the whole house abounded And all the righteous shall be with light. rewarded, who from these shall 3And when he was taken from the acquire the knowledge of every hand of the midwife, Lamech his upright path. father became afraid of him; and flying away came to his own a. Execute great undertakings. father Mathusala, and said, I have Literally, “create a great creation” begotten a son, unlike to other (Laurence, p. 173). children. He is not human; but, b. Despite Enoch’s mandate, his book resembling the offspring of the was most certainly “changed” and angels of heaven, is of a different “diminished” by later editors, though nature from ours, being alto- these fragments of it have survived. gether unlike to us.

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4His eyes are bright as the rays of 12His father Lamech feared, and the sun; his countenance glori- fled to me, believing not that the ous, and he looks not as if he child belonged to him, but that he belonged to me, but to the angels. resembled the angels of heaven. And behold I am come to you, 5I am afraid, lest something mirac- that you might point out to me the ulous should take place on earth truth. in his days. 13 6 Then I, Enoch, answered and And now, my father, let me said, The Lord will effect a new entreat and request you to go to thing upon the earth. This have I our progenitor Enoch, and learn explained, and seen in a vision. I from him the truth; for his resi- have shown you that in the gener- dence is with the angels. ations of Jared my father, those 7When Mathusala heard the words who were from heaven disre- of his son, he came to me at the garded the word of the Lord. extremities of the earth; for he Behold they committed crimes; had been informed that I was laid aside their class, and inter- there: and he cried out. mingled with women. With them 8 also they transgressed; married I heard his voice, and went to him with them, and begot children.a saying, Behold, I am here, my 14 son; since you have come to me. A great destruction therefore shall come upon all the earth; a 9He answered and said, On account deluge, a great destruction, shall of a great event have I come to take place in one year. you; and on account of a sight dif- 15This child which is born to your ficult to be comprehended have I son shall survive on the earth, and approached you. his three sons shall be saved with 10And now, my father, hear me; for him. When all mankind who are to my son Lamech a child has on the earth shall die, he shall be been born, who resembles not safe. him; and whose nature is not like 16And his posterity shall beget on the nature of man. His colour is the earth giants, not spiritual, but whiter than snow; he is redder carnal. Upon the earth shall a than the rose; the hair of his head great punishment be inflicted, and is whiter than white wool; his it shall be washed from all corrup- eyes are like the rays of the sun; tion. Now therefore inform your and when he opened them he illuminated the whole house. a. After this verse, one Greek papyrus 11When also he was taken from the adds, “who are not like spiritual beings, hand of the midwife, but creatures of flesh” (Milik, p. 210).

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son Lamech, that he who is born conduct in the latter days. You, is his child in truth; and he shall who have laboured, shall wait in call his name Noah, for he shall those days, until the evil doers be be to you a survivor. He and his consumed, and the power of the children shall be saved from the guilty be annihilated. Wait, until corruption which shall take place sin pass away; for their names in the world; from all the sin and shall be blotted out of the holy from all the iniquity which shall books; their seed shall be be consummated on earth in his destroyed, and their spirits slain. days. Afterwards shall greater They shall cry out and lament in impiety take place than that which the invisible waste, and in the bot- had been before consummated on tomless fire shall they burn.a the earth; for I am acquainted There I perceived, as it were, a with holy mysteries, which the cloud which could not be seen Lord himself has discovered and through; for from the depth of it I explained to me; and which I have was unable to look upwards. I read in the tablets of heaven. beheld also a flame of fire blazing 17In them I saw it written, that the brightly, and, as it were, glittering generation after generation shall mountains whirled around, and transgress, until a righteous race agitated from side to side. shall arise; until transgression and 22Then I inquired of one of the crime perish from off the earth; holy angels who was with me, and until all goodness come upon it. said, What is this splendid object? 18 And now, my son, go tell your For it is not heaven, but a flame of son Lamech, fire alone which blazes; and in it 19That the child which is born is there is the clamour of exclama- his child in truth; and that there is tion, of woe, and of great suffer- no deception. ing. 20When Mathusala heard the word 23He said, There, into that place of his father Enoch, who had which you behold, shall be thrust shown him every secret thing, he the spirits of sinners and blas- returned with understanding, and phemers; of those who shall do called the name of that child evil, and who shall pervert all Noah; because he was to console which God has spoken by the the earth on account of all its mouth of the prophets; all which destruction. 21Another book, which Enoch a. In the bottomless fire shall they wrote for his son Mathusala, and burn. Literally, “in the fire shall they for those who should come after burn, where there is no earth” (Laurence, him, and preserve their purity of p. 178).

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they ought to do. For respecting mies; and have been ignomini- these things there shall be writ- ously treated, while they were ings and impressions above in blessing me. And now will I call heaven, that the angels may read the spirits of the good from the them and know what shall happen generation of light, and will both to sinners and to the spirits change those who have been born of the humble; to those who have in darkness; who have not in their suffered in their bodies, but have bodies been recompensed with been rewarded by God; who have glory, as their faith may have mer- been injuriously treated by ited. wicked men; who have loved 26I will bring them into the splen- God; who have been attached nei- did light of those who love my ther to gold nor silver, nor to any holy name: and I will place each good thing in the world, but have of them on a throne of glory, of given their bodies to torment; glory peculiarly his own, and they 24To those who from the period of shall be at rest during unnum- their birth have not been covet- bered periods. Righteous is the ous of earthly riches; but have judgment of God; regarded themselves as a breath 27For to the faithful shall he give passing away. faith in the habitations of upright- 25 Such has been their conduct; and ness. They shall see those, who much has the Lord tried them; and have been born in darkness unto their spirits have been found pure, darkness shall be cast; while the that they might bless his name. righteous shall be at rest. Sinners All their blessings have I related shall cry out, beholding them, in a book; and He has rewarded while they exist in splendour and them; for they have been found to proceed forwards to the days and love heaven with an everlasting periods prescribed to them. aspiration. God has said, While they have been trodden down by wicked men, they have heard from them revilings and blasphe-

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