A New Mediterranean Species of the Cornirostridae (Gas- Tropoda, Heterobranchia), with Notes on the Genus Tomura

A new Mediterranean species of the Cornirostridae (Gas- tropoda, Heterobranchia), with notes on the genus Tomura

Una nueva especie mediterránea de Cornirostridae (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia), con notas sobre el género Tomura

Luigi ROMANI*,1 and Carlo SBRANA**

Recibido el 30-VI-2015. Aceptado el 18-XI-2015

ABSTRACT A new Mediterranean species of the genus Tomura Pilsbry and McGinty, 1946 (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia, Cornirostridae) is described: Tomura rubiorolanorum spec. nov. It is assigned to this genus on conchological characters and it is compared with similar species. Two other species, Vitrinella urdunica Bandel, 2010 and Vitrinella jekelii Bandel, 2010 are transferred to Tomura.

RESUMEN Se describe una nueva especie mediterránea del género Tomura Pilsbry y McGinty, 1946 (Gastropoda, Heterobranchia, Cornirostridae): Tomura rubiorolanorum spec. nov. Se asigna a este género en base a caracteres conquiológicos y se compara con especies similares. Otras dos especies, Vitrinella urdunica Bandel, 2010 and Vitrinella jekelii Bandel, 2010 se trans- fieren a Tomura.

INTRODUCTION

the family cornirostridae is a group Ponder, Beacham & macaranas, 2007). of marine “lower heterobranchs” related so far, Tomura depressa (Granata-Grillo, to Valvatidae Gray, 1840 and hyalo- 1877) was the only mediterranean repre- gyrinidae Warén and Bouchet, 1993 sentative of the family; in this work we (Bouchet and rocroi, 2005; ruBio, describe a second species of this genus rolán and Fernández-Garcés, 2013). it from the mediterranean sea. was introduced by Ponder (1990) to include two genera: Cornirostra Ponder, 1990 and Tomura Pilsbry and mcGinty, MATERIAL AND METHODS 1946. later Warén, GoFas and schander (1993) added Noerrevangia. Bieler, Abbreviations and acronyms Ball and mikkelsen (1998) redefined the mnhn: muséum national d’histoire family which currently comprises 14 recent naturelle, Paris, species worldwide. molecular data have h: maximum height (in mm), confirmed that cornirostridae belong in sem: scanning electron microscope, the heterobranchia (e.g. di naPoli and W: maximum width (in mm), klussmann-kolB, 2010; colGan, aPc: attilio Pagli collection (lari),

* Via delle ville, 79 – 55013 Lammari (LU), Italy; E-mail: [email protected] ** Via Sette Santi, 1, 57100, Livorno, Italy; E-mail: [email protected] 1 Corresponding author

55 I ber us , 3 4 ( 1), 2 0 1 6 a r c: alessan dro raveggi collection m d e pt h, 6 s h ells, i n a P c. r os h h a ni kr a ( Fire nze), (isr a el), 8 m d e pt h, 8 s h ells, i n c B c. c B c: c es ar e B o gi c oll e cti o n ( li v or n o), Xe noske nea pell ucida ( monterosato, cs c: carlo sbra na collectio n ( livor no), 1 8 7 4): a ci c ast ell o ( c at a ni a, it al y), 4 5 m F G c: Francesco Giusti collection d e pt h, 5 s h ells, i n a P c. ( li v or n o), H y al o g yr a zi bro wii War é n, 1 9 9 7: P ali n- s B c: st ef a n o B art oli ni c oll e cti o n ( Fir e n z e), ur o ( s al er n o, it al y), 2 0 m d e pt h, 1 s h ell, i n l e git: c oll e ct or. a P c, 3 s h ells i n c s c; kr k isl a n d ( cr o ati a), 3 0 m d e pt h, 2 s h ells, i n c B c. Material exa mi ne d Hyalogyrina a mphorae Waré n, carrozza To mura rubiorolanoru m s p e c. n o v. (s e e a n d r occ hi ni, 1 9 9 7: off c a p c ors e ( c orsic a, bel o w f or details), 9 s hells a n d o ne Fr a n c e), 6 0 0 m d e pt h, 3 s h ells, i n F G c. d a m a g e d s h ell. all material was sorte d fro m bioclas- To m ura depressa ( Gra nata- Grillo, 1877): tic se di ment sa mples collecte d by el b a isl a n d ( li v or n o, it al y), 4 0 m d e pt h, s c u B a diving or tra wle d by local fish- 5 8 s h ells; kr k isl a n d ( cr o ati a), 4 0 m d e pt h, er men. shells were st u die d with a stere- 2 3 s h ells; l ’Îl e -ro usse ( corsica, Fra nce) 30 m o microscope. i mages were taken with a d e pt h, 3 8 s h ells; P a nt ell eri a isl a n d ( tr a p a ni, digital photoca mera or scanning elec- it al y), 4 0 m d e pt h, 3 0 s h ells, all i n s B c. si di tron microscope (se m). the protoconch Yo ussef ( kerke n na h, tu nisia), 0.5 m de pt h, w h orls were c o u nte d acc or di n g t o t he 6 s h ells; s cill a ( r e g gi o c al a bri a, it al y) 5 0 met ho d of V er d ui n (1977).

SYSTE M ATICS

class G astroPoda c u vi er, 1 7 9 5 s ubclass h eteroBra nc hia Gra y, 1840 superfa mily V alVat oi de a Gr a y, 1 8 4 0 F a mil y c or nir ostri d ae Po n der, 1990 Ge n us To mura Pilsbry an d mc Ginty, 1946

To m ura Pils br y a n d mc Gi nt y, 1946. t y pe s pecies: Vitri nella ( To m ura) bica udata Pils br y a n d m c Gi nt y, 1 9 4 6, N a util us , 6 0: p. 1 5 ( b y ori gi n al d esi g n ati o n); h ol o c e n e, Fl ori d a.

To mura rubiorolanoru m ne w s pecies ( Fi gs. 1-8)

Ty pe material : holotype ( m n h n i m-2000-30243): h: 0.95 m m, W: 1.41 m m, c. sbrana legit, 24- 05-2004 (Fig. 1-3); ca po Palin uro ( Palin uro, salerno, italy, 40°01 n, 15°16 e), o n t he botto m of a sub marine cave ( Grotta azzurra), 19 m depth. Paratypes a and B ( cs c): h: 0.85 m m, W: 1.26 m m a n d h: 0. 9 1 m m, W: 1. 2 3 m m, c. s br a n a l e git, 2 4- 0 5- 2 0 0 4. P ar at y p es c a n d d ( s B c): h: 1. 0 1 m m, W: 1. 5 0 m m a n d h: 0. 8 6 m m, W: 1. 4 3 m m, s. B art oli ni l e git, 0 6- 2 0 0 7 ( Fi g. 7- 8). P ar at y p e e ( s B c): h: 0. 8 4 m m, W: 1. 2 1 m m, s. B art oli ni l e git, 0 7- 2 0 0 8. P ar at y p e F a n d G ( a P c): h: 1. 0 6 m m, W: 1. 5 0 m m, a n d h: 0. 8 7 m m, W: 1. 2 5 m m, F. c u n e o l e git, 2 4- 0 5- 2 0 0 4 ( Fi g. 4- 6). Material exa mi ne d : Paraty pes a an d B: ty pe locality. Paraty pes c an d d: ca po Vita ( rio marina, el b a isl a n d, li v or n o, it al y, 4 2° 5 2 n, 10°24), 40 m de pth, coralline botto m. Paraty pes c an d d: ca po Vit a ( ri o m ari n a, el b a isl a n d, li v or n o, it al y, 4 2° 5 2 n, 10°24), 40 m de pt h, coralli ne botto m. Paraty pe e: P a nt ell eri a isl a n d ( tr a p a ni, it al y), 4 0 m d e pt h, c or alli n e b ott o m. P ar at y p e F a n d G: c a p o P ali n- uro ( Pali n uro, saler no, italy, 40°01 n, 15°16 e), on the botto m of a s ub marine cave ( Grotta catte- dr al e 2), 1 8 m d e pt h. Ot her material exa mi ne d : 1 da mage d shell, ca po Palin uro ( Palin uro, salerno, italy, 40°01 n, 15°16 e), o n t he botto m of a s ub mari ne cave ( Grotta catte drale ii), 18 m de pt h, c. sbra na legit, 24-05-2004. Ety mology : after Fe derico r ubio a n d e milio rolá n for t heir o utsta n di ng co ntrib utio ns to t he k no wl- e dge of the microgastro po ds.

5 6 ROMANI AND SBRANA: New Mediterranean species of Cornirostridae with notes on Tomura

1 2

56100 µm 20 µm Figures 1-6. Tomura rubiorolanorum spec. nov. 1-3: holotype, diameter 1.41 mm, Cape Palinuro (Salerno, Italy), (MNHN IM-2000-30243). 1: shell, apical view; 2: shell, basal view; 3: shell, frontal view. 4-6: paratype G, diameter 1.25 mm, Capo Palinuro (Palinuro, Italy), in APC. 4: shell, apical view; 5: protoconch; 6: detail of the protoconch. Figuras 1-6. Tomura rubiorolanorum spec. nov. 1-3: holotype, diámetro 1,41 mm, Cabo Palinuro (Salerno, Italia), (MNHN IM-2.000-30.243). 1: Concha, vista apical; 2: concha, vista basal; 3: Concha, vista frontal. 4-6: Paratipo G, diámetro 1.25 mm, Cabo Palinuro (Palinuro, Italia), en APC. 4: concha, vista apical; 5: protoconcha; 6: detalle de la protoconcha.

Description (based on the typical series, than high, rather thin, transparent and holotype measurements in parentheses): shell glossy in fresh specimens (opaque-whitish (Fig. 1-3, 4, 7, 8) very small, , h: 0.84-1.02 in old shells). Protoconch (Fg. 5) het- (0.95) mm, W: 1.21-1.50 (1.41) mm, h/W: erostrophic, diameter 200-230 (215) µm, of 0.66-0.73 (0.67), globose-depressed, wider 0.9-1.2 (1.0) apparently smooth whorls,

57 Iberus, 34 (1), 2016

10 9 11

13 14 12

16 15 17

Figures 7, 8. Tomura rubiorolanorum spec. nov., Elba Island (Livorno, Italy), in SBC. 7: paratype C, diameter 1.50 mm; 8: paratype D, diameter 1.43 mm. Figures 9-11. Tomura depressa, Krk Island (Croatia), diameter: 1.40 mm, in SBC. Figures 12-14. Xenoskenea pellucida, Castelsardo (Sassari, Italy), 12-13, diameter 1.30 mm, 14, diameter 1.70 mm, in SBC and ARC. Figures 15- 17. Hyalogyra zibrowii, Krk Island (Croatia), diameter 1.30 mm, in CBC. Figuras 7, 8. Tomura rubiorolanorum spec. nov., Isla de Elba (Livorno, Italia), en SBC.. 7: paratipo C, diámetro 1.50 mm; 8: paratipo D, diámetro 1.43 mm. Figuras 9-11. Tomura depressa, Isla de Krk (Croacia), diámetro 1.40 mm, en el SBC. Figuras 12-14. Xenoskenea pellucida, Castelsardo (Sassari, Italia), 12 -13, diámetro 1.30 mm, 14, diámetro 1.70 mm, en SBC y ARC. Figuras 15-17. Hyalo- gyra zibrowii, Krk Island (Croacia), diámetro 1.30 mm, en CBC.

58 ROMANI AND SBRANA: New Mediterranean species of Cornirostridae with notes on Tomura

finely reticulated (Fig. 6). Protoconch i soft parts unknown. (embryonic shell) partially immersed and Distribution and habitat: currently Protoconch ii (larval shell) not clearly dif- known from the tyrrhenian sea and the ferentiated. teleoconch of 1.3-1.8 (1.7) strait of sicily. the new species has been whorls almost perfectly smooth, with only found at localities hundreds of km weak growth lines. suture indistinct and apart, it is thus not endemic to a shallow; “false suture” visible in fresh restricted locality in the mediterranean, specimens. last whorl regularly rounded and it could be expected to be found and slightly descending. spire flattened, also elsewhere. also other cornirostrids in some specimens hardly elevated; have apparently similar wide outline evenly convex. labrum slightly intramediterranean ranges (oliVerio, prosocline, aperture almost circular. Peri- 1983, 1985, 1988). most shells were stome is sharp and free along the parietal found in submarine caves and from wall except for a little area just under the typical coralligenous substrates. it may suture. columella regularly curved, be speculated that the species lives in slightly flared and thickened. umbilicus sciaphilic habitats such as rock crevices, open, simple, narrow and deep, diameter shallow caves or interstitial gravel 160-190 (165) µm. bottoms, but only with the discovery of Variation: the spire elevation varies, live specimens may we provide more even within population (Figs. 7, 8); the accurate information on the biology and protoconch can be more or less tilted. ecology of Tomura rubiorolanorum.

REMARKS

marine valvatoideans, although (Bouchet and Gofas, 2015): Tomura anatomically well defined (Ponder, depressa (Granata-Grillo, 1877), Tomura 1990; Bieler, Ball and mikkelsen, bicaudata (Pilsbry and mcGinty, 1946), 1998; haszPrunar, sPeimann, haWe Tomura yashima Fukuda and Yamashita, and hess, 2011), possess quite feature- 1997, Tomura himeshima Fukuda and less skeneiform/valvatiform/vitrinelli- Yamashita, 1997, Tomura xenoskeneoides form shells. the main morphological rubio and rolán, 1998, Tomura abscon- feature which characterizes the their dita rolán and rubio, 1999, Tomura shells is the slightly heterostrophic pro- sphaerica rolán and rubio, 2008, Tomura toconch (absent only in few species), umbiliobsessa rolán and rubio, 2008, which distinguishes them from Vetigas- Tomura aqabaensis Bandel, 2010, Tomura tropods and caenogastropods with very apextruncatus rubio, rolán and Fernán- similar shells (Bandel, 1982; ruBio, dez-Garcés, 2013; only half of them (T. Fernández-Garcés and rolán, 2011). depressa, T. bicaudata, T. yashima, T. the generic or even familial placement himeshima, T. xenoskeneoides)are known of the species is based mainly on from live-taken specimens. three fossil anatomical and radular features. species are assigned to Tomura: T.ambato- cornirostrids are no exception to this lafiensis, kiel 2006, from the cretaceous rule, so in absence of anatomical data T. of madagascar; T. pacheia lozouet, rubiorolanorum is tentatively assigned to lesport and renard 2001 from the this genus based only on conchological miocene of France and T. bezanconi characters. the main reasons are: the (cossmann and lambert, 1884) from the similarity of the shell in general outline, oligocene of France. spire, suture, umbilicus and protoconch the most similar species to T. with some Tomura species. the compar- rubiorolanorum is T. bicaudata, which has ative characters of most cornirostrid a similar outline and a deep and narrow species were summarized by Bieler et al. umbilicus, but is distinguished by its (1998) and ruBio ETAL. (2013). Tomura periumbilical keel and the smaller pro- currently comprises 10 extant species toconch; T. umbiliobsessa is also similar

59 Iberus, 34 (1), 2016

but has a periumbilical keel and a pitted of Vitrinella cf. helicoidea from the surface; T. depressa (Fig. 9-11), T. sphaer- caribbean sea and Cornirostra. Vitrinella ica and T. apextruncatus have the umbili- helicoidea is characterized by a regularly cus occluded by a strong callus and coiling protoconch, as in typical smaller protoconchs; T. xenoskeneoides, T. caenogastropods (PilsBrY, 1946; yashima and T. himeshima have valvatoid clench and turner, 1950; ruBio ET shells with a wider umbilicus and AL., 2011, fig. 94 F-G, 95 d). Vitrinella cf. deeper suture; T. abscondita is more helicoidea sensu Bandel is clearly not globose, and the surface is totally conspecific with adams’ species; on the covered by spiral threads and has the contrary it is similar to Tomura bicau- callus; T. aqabaensis has a very depressed data, and it is most probably a member and discoidal shell, more openly coiled, of this genus, sharing essentially the resembling Xylodiscula. T. bezanconi has same type of protoconch and other a closed umbilicus and sculptured shells characters (Bandel, 2010, Pl.1, surface (cossmann and lamBert, 1884; fig. 9, 10). lozouet and maestrati, 2012); T. Vitrinella urdunica Bandel, 2010, pacheia is more globose, robust, with a recent from the red sea and Vitrinella narrower umbilicus; T. ambatolafiensis jekelii Bandel, 2010 from the miocene of has a keeled umbilicus and thicker col- romania are also congeneric, so they are umellar lip. more accurately placed in Tomura. We also compared T. rubiorolanorum here their new taxonomic status is with the other three known mediter- given: ranean marine valvatoideans: Hyalogy- class Gastropoda cuvier, 1795 rina amphorae Warén, carrozza and roc- subclass heterobranchia Gray, 1840 chini, 1997 lives in deeper waters, has an superfamily Valvatoidea Gray, 1840 high-spired teleoconch and its proto- Family cornirostridae Ponder, 1990 conch has a peculiarly shaped nucleus; Tomura urdunica (Bandel, 2010) nov. Xenoskenea pellucida (monterosato, 1874) comb. and Hyalogyra zibrowii Warén, 1997 were Tomura jekelii (Bandel, 2010) nov. found sympatric with T. rubiorolanorum comb. but have different protoconchs, more convex whorls and deeper suture; more- over X. pellucida (Fig. 12-14) has a more ACKNOLEDGEMENTS flattened spire and wider umbilicus while H. zibrowii (Fig. 15-17) is more ele- We wish to thank all persons that vated, with a narrower umbilicus have aided to the present work during (Warén, GoFas and schander, 1993; field researches, the loan of material, Warén, carrozza and rocchini, sharing of information, providing liter- 1997). Vitrinella urdunica Bandel, 2010 ature and digital photographs: klaus from the red sea has a smooth umbili- Bandel, Fabio Barbagli, stefano cal wall (Bandel, 2015, pers. comm.) Bartolini, Fabrizio cuneo, hiroshi like T. rubiorolanorum but possesses a Fukuda, Francesco Giusti, harry lee, very fine spiral ornament of the early Pierre lozouet, Jean-michel Pacaud, teleoconch and a smooth, smaller proto- attilio Pagli, alessandro raveggi, conch. Federico rubio, maria scaperrotta. the family Vitrinellidae Bush, 1897, sincere thanks are due to emilio rolán a junior synonym of tornidae sacco, for the sem photographs and for 1896 (Bouchet and rocroi, 2005), is useful exchange of views and advices. based on Vitrinella c. B. adams, 1850 We are also grateful to enzo campani (type species, Vitrinella helicoidea cB for reading the manuscript and to adams, 1850). Bandel (2010) syno- marco oliverio for reviewing it and mized Vitrinellidae Bush, 1897 with giving usefull advice. harry G. lee cornirostridae Ponder, 1990, relying on made the english revision of the manu- the great similarities between the shells script.

60 ROMANI AND SBRANA: New Mediterranean species of Cornirostridae with notes on Tomura

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