Journal of Asia-Pacific 7 (2014) 258e261

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Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity

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Original article Four of micromoths new to Korea (: , , )

Minyoung Kim a, Bong-Kyu Byun b,*, Kyu-Tek Park c a Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-921, South Korea b Department of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Hannam University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, South Korea c Korean Academy of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Gyunggi 463-808, South Korea article info abstract

Article history: Four micromoths- similis Sugisima and Elachista phalaridis Parenti (Elachistidae), zhengi Received 17 June 2014 Li & Wang (Gelechiidae), and hoeneella Baldizzone (Coleophoridae)-are reported for the first Received in revised form time from Korea. All the known species were enumerated with their available information including the 27 June 2014 collecting localities, distributional ranges, and known host . Accepted 30 June 2014 Copyright Ó 2014, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Available online 2 August 2014 Production and hosting by Elsevier. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Coleophora Elachista Korea New record Sitotroga

Introduction adult and male and female genitalia, of these species is examined and illustrated. In Korea, the faunistic data of micromoths have been poorly known to date, owing to the small size and the lack of specialists and Materials and methods researchers, in comparison with the number of families included. Since Park (1983) reviewed all the micromoths included in a The specimens used in this study are based on the collection of checklist in Korea, including 628 species of 38 families, many addi- the third author and the Korea National Arboretum, Pocheon, Korea tional species have been reported by various groups-eventually, (KNA). The color standard for the description of adults follows 1304 species belonging to 42 families were enumerated for the fauna Kornerup and Wanscher (1978). of micromoths in Korea (Byun et al., 2009). After that, for the fauna of in Korea, with the exception of , , or , Byun (2013) reported one new record of Systematic accounts , and Kim et al. (2013a, 2013b) reported four species of Coleophoridae. Also, Park et al. (2013, 2014) added nine species of Elachistidae Bruand, 1851 Gelechiidae, and Bae et al. (2014) reported two new species and a Elachista Treitschke, 1883 newly recorded species of Gelechiidae. Only a single species of the genus Elachista Treitschke, Elachista In this study, four species of Microlepidoptera are reported for gleichenella Fabricius, has been known in Korea, based on a female fi the first time from Korea. The external morphology, including the specimen collected from Mt. Chiak-san, owing to a misidenti ca- tion. It was later reidentified as Elachista similis Sugisima, 2005.

Elachista similis Sugisima, 2005 풀굴나방 * Corresponding author. Tel.: þ82 42 629 8892. E-mail address: [email protected] (B.-K. Byun). (Figure 1) Peer review under responsibility of National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Elachista similis Sugisima, 2005: 232. Type locality (TL): Ebetu-si, Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Nopporo, Hokkaido, Japan. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.japb.2014.06.002 2287-884X/Copyright Ó 2014, National Science Museum of Korea (NSMK) and Korea National Arboretum (KNA). Production and hosting by Elsevier. All rights reserved. M Kim et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 7 (2014) 258e261 259

Ohwi; JuncaceaedLuzula plumose E. Meyer in Japan (Sugisima, 2005). It is known that the larvae make mine into of host plants, and the mine is linear or elongate blotch-like. The pupation takes place between loosely spun leaves. The hibernation takes place in the mine as a (Sugisima, 2005).

Elachista phalaridis Parenti, 1983 흑산도풀굴나방(신칭) (Figures 2, 3) Elachista phalaridis Parenti, 1983:7; Sugisima, 2005: 243. TL: Sakai-si, Mozu, Osaka-hu, Japan. Diagnosis. Wingspan 7e8 mm. This species has a remarkable affinity in the male genitalia with members of the bifasciella group of the genus (Sugisima, 2005), especially with the European spe- cies, Zeller, and the Siberian species, Elachista

Figure 1. Adult: Elachista similis Sugisima. baikalica Kaila. The examined specimen is not fresh enough to allow a description of the superficial character. According to Sugisima (2005), the forewing ground color is black brownish with the (nec Fabricius); Moriuti, 1982: Part 1: 260, Part following silver-whitish markings: a large patch at base, always 2: 211; Park, 1983: 80; Byun et al., 2009: 160. [misidentified]. TL: reaching hind margin and usually slightly distant from costal Japan. margin, a transverse fascia beyond 1/3, zigzagged and sometimes Diagnosis. Wingspan 7e8 mm. This species is closely similar to interrupted around middle, a triangular spot at 3/4 of costa, a E. gleichenella Fabricius, which is found in most of Europe, in terms triangular tornal spot slightly before the costal one. of superficial characters, and also to Elachista nitensella Sinev & Male genitalia (Figure 3). Uncus lobe fan-shaped, with dense Sruoga, which is known in the Russian Far East and Japan. However, hairs on inner surface, convex along outer margin; indentation it can be distinguished from the latter based on genital characters. between uncus lobes deep, U-shaped, concave toward tegumen. This species was first reported as E. gleichenella Fabricius, based on Valva with distinct costal hump just before the distal end of costa; a female specimen collected from Mt. Chiak-san by Park (1983), cucullus very small; apical spine of ventral margin not developed. owing to misidentification. Vinculum with short, narrow saccus, without medial ridge. Male genitalia. Valva with large rounded cucullus, with dorsal Aedeagus is slender (lost in the process of dissection). A female margin distinctly convex, apex rounded. Juxta bifurcate anterior- sample is not available for this study. distally, with tongue-shaped lobes, apically rounded, 3/2 as long Material examined.1_, Is. Soheuksan-do, JN, 25 VI 1974 (KY Choi), as the width. Aedeagus is short, as long as 2/3 of the length of valva, gen. slide no. CIS-695/Park. with sharply acute apical process, with a patch of a varying number Distribution. Korea (South), Japan. of small spines near the distal opening; cornutus rodlike, as long as Remarks. The position of the costal hump in the Korean spec- apical sclerotized process of aedeagus. imen shows a slight difference from that of the Japanese specimen, Female genitalia. Ostium bursae on the cephalic part of sternite but it is considered to be conspecific so far. VIII. Ductus bursae slightly sclerotized near the conjunction of ostium bursae, with a sclerotized tube continuing into the ductus Family Gelechiidae Stainton, 1854 seminalis. Corpus bursae is divided into two parts by a constriction Genus Sitotroga Heinemann, 1870 around the middle, smaller cephalic part and the larger caudal part The genus Sitotroga comprises four species. Of these species, two with a large dentate signum. The female genitalia is not illustrated, cosmopolitan cereal pests, Sitotroga cerarella Oliver and S. zhengi Li owing to the very poor preparation. Material examined.1_,1\, Mt. Soyo-san, GG, 17 V 1997 (KT Park); 1\, Mt. Gaya-san, Yesan, CN, 24 VIII 1997(KT Park); 1\, Mt. Chiak- san, GW, 23 VI 1977 (KT Park). Distribution. Korea (Central, South), Japan. Host plants and biology. CyperaceaedCarex foliosissima Fr. Schm., Carex morrowii Boott, and Carex insaniae Koidz, and Carex nakiri

Figure 3. Elachista phalaridis Parenti (aedeagus missed). (scale bar: 0.5mm). Figure 2. Adult: Elachista phalaridis Parenti. 260 M Kim et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 7 (2014) 258e261

& Wang described from the Hebei province in China, are known to occur in Korea so far.

Sitotroga zhengi Li & Wang, 2002 갈색무늬뿔나방(신칭) (Figures 4, 5A, B) Sitotroga zhengi Li & Wang, 2002: 117. TL: Hebei, China. Diagnosis. Wingspan 12 mm. Forewing ground color is white to pale yellow, with brown stripes from the middle of the cell to the apex and along the fold. It is similar to Sitotroga psacasta Meyrick, which is found in South Africa and South Europe, but can be distinguished from the latter by genital structures. Male genitalia. According to Li & Wang (2002), uncus is not bilobed; sacculus is asymmetrical: right distal process at 2/3 of valva, apex not exceeding end of valva; left distal process at 3/4 or 4/5 of valva, apex usually exceeding end of valva. Female genitalia (Figure 5A, B). Apophyses anteriores narrow, about 1/2 length of apophyses posteriores. Caudal margin of tergite VIII sclerotized, roundly convex, serrulated at middle. Ostium bursae heavily sclerotized, rounded. Ductus bursae semiovate. Corpus bursae elliptical, with a pair of large, spinelike signa. Material examined.1_ (abdomen missing), Mt. Gyejok-san, Yeongwol GW, 3 VIII 1988 (SM Lee); 1_ (abdomen missing), Mt. Juwang-san, GB, 18 VIII1983 (KT Park & BK Byun); 1\, Is. Beangnyeong-do, Ongjin, GG, 15 VIII 2006 (KT Park and TM Kang), gen. slide. no. KNA-3192/Park. Distribution. Korea (new record), China. Remarks. All examined specimens have missing abdomens and the genital characters were not compared, but they are certainly conspecific to this species.

Family Coleophoridae Hübner, [1825] Genus Coleophora Hübner, 1822 This is a homogeneous genus in the largest genus in Coleo- phoridae, with more than 1340 described species worldwide (Baldizzone et al., 2006). So far, 32 species of the genus have been recorded from the Korean Peninsula (Kim et al., 2013a, 2013b).

Coleophora hoeneella Baldizzone, 1989 티벳통나방(신칭) (Figures 6, 7A, B) Figure 5. Sitotroga zhengi Li & Wang: A: female genitalia and B: close-up view of signum (scale bar: 1.0 mm). Coleophora hoeneella Baldizzone, 1989: 203e204; Baldizzone et al., 2006: 64. TL: Tibet, China. Diagnosis. Wingspan 15.0 mm. This species is similar to Coleo- costal band and a long, white streak along the cubital vein, and a phora ditella Zeller, but differs from the latter as follows: in the male shorter one along the medial vein. The second segment of labial genitalia, by the narrower and longer subgenital plate, and in the palpus is about three times longer than the third segment. female genitalia, the part of the ductus bursae is covered with Hindwing is pale brown with pale grayish brown fringes. The male spines shorter and smaller signum. The head and thorax are is not known in Korea. generally white, but the forewing is dark brown with a broad, white Female genitalia (Figure 7A, B). Papillae anales broad and oval. Apophyses posteriors broadened in 3/5. Lamella antevaginalis

Figure 4. Adult: Sitotroga zhengi Li & Wang. Figure 6. Adult: Coleophora hoeneella Baldizzone. M Kim et al. / Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 7 (2014) 258e261 261

along lateral wall in 1/4 length; a short swollen part medially with sclerotized particles; anterior half narrow, membrane. Corpus bursae semiovate; signum conic, heavily sclerotized. Material examined.1\, Chuncheon, GW, 4VI 1998 (SM Lee), gen. slide no. CIS-5235. Distribution. Korea (new record), China (Tibet).

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Biological Resources (NIBR), funded by the Ministry of Environ- ment of the Republic of Korea (NIBR no. 2014-02-001). We are grateful to Dr. BW Lee, Korea National Arboretum (KNA) for help in this study.

References

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