Coronaviruses Post-SARS: Update on Replication and Pathogenesis
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Immune Responses in Pigs Induced by Recombinant Canine Adenovirus 2 Expressing M Protein of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus
Immune Responses in Pigs Induced by Recombinant Canine Adenovirus 2 Expressing M Protein of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Zhou Jing-Xiang1 Wang Xin-Tong4 Xue Jiang-Dong5 Yu Tao1 Liu Ye3 Zhang Jia-Bao2,* Hu Rong-Liang3,† 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, JiLin Agriculture University, Changchun, P.R. China; 2 Centre of experimental Animal, JiLin University, Changchun, P.R. China; 3 Laboratory of Epidemiology, Veterinary Research Institute, Academy of Military Medical Science, Changchun, P.R. China; 4 Undergraduate with Entrance in 2008 into Bethune Medical School of Jilin University 5 College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, P.R. China KEY WORDS: : Porcine reproductive virus CAV-2-M was obtained by transfect- and respiratory syndrome virus, M ing the recombinant CAV-2-M genome into protein, Canine adenovirus vector, Pigs, MDCK cells together with Lipofectamine™ Recombinant vaccine, Immunization 2000. Immunization trials in piglets with ABSTRACT the recombinant CAV-2-M showed that In order to develop a new type vaccine CAV-2-M could stimulate a specific immune for porcine reproductive and respiratory response to PRRSV. Immune response to syndrome (PRRS) prevention using canine the MP and PRRS virus was confirmed by adenovirus 2 (CAV-2) as vector, the expres- ELISA, western blot analysis, neutralization sion cassette of M protein (MP) derived test and lymphocyte proliferation assays. from plasmid pMD18T-M was cloned into These results indicated that CAV-2 may the CAV-2 genome in which E3 region had serve as a vector for development of PRRSV been partly deleted, and the recombinant vaccine in pigs and the CAV-2-M might be a 332 Vol. -
Review a Review of Coronavirus Infection in the Central Nervous
Review J Vet Intern Med 2001;15:438–444 A Review of Coronavirus Infection in the Central Nervous System of Cats and Mice Janet E. Foley and Christian Leutenegger Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a common cause of death in cats. Management of this disease has been hampered by difficulties identifying the infection and determining the immunological status of affected cats and by high variability in the clinical, patho- logical, and immunological characteristics of affected cats. Neurological FIP, which is much more homogeneous than systemic effusive or noneffusive FIP, appears to be a good model for establishing the basic features of FIP immunopathogenesis. Very little information is available about the immunopathogenesis of neurologic FIP, and it is reasonable to use research from the well- characterized mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) immune-mediated encephalitis system, as a template for FIP investigation, and to contrast findings from the MHV model with those of FIP. It is expected that the immunopathogenic mechanisms will have important similarities. Such comparative research may lead to better understanding of FIP immunopathogenesis and rational prospects for management of this frustrating disease. Key words: Cats; Feline infectious peritonitis; Mouse hepatitis virus; Neurological disease. eline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal, immune-me- membrane), N (nucleocapsid), and S (spike glycoprotein), F diated disease produced as a result of infection of which is post-translationally modified to S1 and S2.8 The macrophages by mutant feline coronavirus strains (FIPVs). MHV genome, however, also codes for an HE protein and The severity of FIP is determined by virus strain and by does not contain a 7b ORF. -
WSC 10-11 Conf 13 Layout Template
The Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Department of Veterinary Pathology Conference Coordinator Matthew Wegner, DVM WEDNESDAY SLIDE CONFERENCE 2010-2011 Conference 13 8 December 2010 Conference Moderator: Tim Walsh, DVM, Diplomate ACVP CASE I: 10-4242 / 10-6076 (AFIP 3170327). protozoa. Tubule epithelium is expanded by numerous multicellular protozoa consisting of large, 100-150 µm Signalment: 30 Sydney rock oysters, QX resistant sporangiosorae containing 8-16 sporonts, each 10-15 broodstock, (Saccostrea glomerata). µm, tear-shaped and 2-3 spherical, refractile eosinophilic spores. Occasional intraluminal History: 100% of oysters were at risk with 25% sick sporangiosorae are noted. There is marked increase in and 75% mortality. granular enterocytes with diapedesis of haemocytes across tubule epithelium. Surrounding Leydig tissue is Gross Pathology: The oysters varied in size (53.6 ± diffusely collapsed and infiltrated by low to moderate 8.9 mm shell height). They were in poor condition numbers of haemocytes. Underlying the gill and palp with minimal gonadal development (1.6 ± 0.9 on a 1-5 epithelium, moderate infiltrates of haemocytes are scale) and pale digestive glands (1.9 ± 0.9 on a 1-3 noted diffusely in the Leydig tissue. scale). On close examination, several of the oysters appeared to be dead. Contributor’s Morphologic Diagnosis: Digestive gland: Adenitis, proliferative, chronic, multifocal, Laboratory Results: Of the 30 oysters examined by severe, with haemocyte accumulation and myriad PCR, 24 (80%) were confirmed positive for Marteilia intracellular protozoa consistent with Marteilia sydnei; sydnei. Confirmation of a successful DNA extraction Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea glomerata). from each oyster was done using a second PCR specific for Saccostrea glomerata (Sydney rock oyster) Contributor’s Comment: Diseases caused by DNA. -
On the Coronaviruses and Their Associations with the Aquatic Environment and Wastewater
water Review On the Coronaviruses and Their Associations with the Aquatic Environment and Wastewater Adrian Wartecki 1 and Piotr Rzymski 2,* 1 Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Pozna´n,Poland; [email protected] 2 Department of Environmental Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Pozna´n,Poland * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 24 April 2020; Accepted: 2 June 2020; Published: 4 June 2020 Abstract: The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), a severe respiratory disease caused by betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2, in 2019 that further developed into a pandemic has received an unprecedented response from the scientific community and sparked a general research interest into the biology and ecology of Coronaviridae, a family of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. Aquatic environments, lakes, rivers and ponds, are important habitats for bats and birds, which are hosts for various coronavirus species and strains and which shed viral particles in their feces. It is therefore of high interest to fully explore the role that aquatic environments may play in coronavirus spread, including cross-species transmissions. Besides the respiratory tract, coronaviruses pathogenic to humans can also infect the digestive system and be subsequently defecated. Considering this, it is pivotal to understand whether wastewater can play a role in their dissemination, particularly in areas with poor sanitation. This review provides an overview of the taxonomy, molecular biology, natural reservoirs and pathogenicity of coronaviruses; outlines their potential to survive in aquatic environments and wastewater; and demonstrates their association with aquatic biota, mainly waterfowl. It also calls for further, interdisciplinary research in the field of aquatic virology to explore the potential hotspots of coronaviruses in the aquatic environment and the routes through which they may enter it. -
Emerging Viral Diseases of Fish and Shrimp Peter J
Emerging viral diseases of fish and shrimp Peter J. Walker, James R. Winton To cite this version: Peter J. Walker, James R. Winton. Emerging viral diseases of fish and shrimp. Veterinary Research, BioMed Central, 2010, 41 (6), 10.1051/vetres/2010022. hal-00903183 HAL Id: hal-00903183 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00903183 Submitted on 1 Jan 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Vet. Res. (2010) 41:51 www.vetres.org DOI: 10.1051/vetres/2010022 Ó INRA, EDP Sciences, 2010 Review article Emerging viral diseases of fish and shrimp 1 2 Peter J. WALKER *, James R. WINTON 1 CSIRO Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory (AAHL), 5 Portarlington Road, Geelong, Victoria, Australia 2 USGS Western Fisheries Research Center, 6505 NE 65th Street, Seattle, Washington, USA (Received 7 December 2009; accepted 19 April 2010) Abstract – The rise of aquaculture has been one of the most profound changes in global food production of the past 100 years. Driven by population growth, rising demand for seafood and a levelling of production from capture fisheries, the practice of farming aquatic animals has expanded rapidly to become a major global industry. -
A Novel RNA Virus, Macrobrachium Rosenbergii Golda Virus (Mrgv), Linked to Mass Mortalities of the Larval Giant Freshwater Prawn in Bangladesh
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.12.090258; this version posted May 12, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. A novel RNA virus, Macrobrachium rosenbergii Golda virus (MrGV), linked to mass mortalities of the larval giant freshwater prawn in Bangladesh Hooper, Chantelle1; Debnath, Partho P. 2; Biswas, Sukumar3; van Aerle, Ronny1; Bateman, Kelly S.1; Basak, Siddhawartha K.2; Rahman, Muhammad M.2; Mohan, Chadag V.6; Rakibul Islam, H.M.4; Ross, Stuart1; Stentiford, Grant D.1; Currie, David3 and Bass, David1,5 1 International Centre of Excellence for Aquatic Animal Health, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences (Cefas), Weymouth, Dorset, United Kingdom. 2 WorldFish Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 3 Winrock Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 4 Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Bagerhat, Bangladesh. 5 Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London, UK. 6 WorldFish, Penang, Malaysia Corresponding authors: Chantelle Hooper ([email protected]), Partho P. Debnath ([email protected]). bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.12.090258; this version posted May 12, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Abstract Mass mortalities of the larval stage of the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, have been occurring in Bangladesh since 2011. Mortalities can reach 100% and have resulted in an 80% decline in the number of hatcheries actively producing M. -
1099.Full.Pdf
Type I IFN-Mediated Protection of Macrophages and Dendritic Cells Secures Control of Murine Coronavirus Infection This information is current as Luisa Cervantes-Barragán, Ulrich Kalinke, Roland Züst, of September 23, 2021. Martin König, Boris Reizis, Constantino López-Macías, Volker Thiel and Burkhard Ludewig J Immunol 2009; 182:1099-1106; ; doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.182.2.1099 http://www.jimmunol.org/content/182/2/1099 Downloaded from References This article cites 43 articles, 23 of which you can access for free at: http://www.jimmunol.org/content/182/2/1099.full#ref-list-1 http://www.jimmunol.org/ Why The JI? Submit online. • Rapid Reviews! 30 days* from submission to initial decision • No Triage! Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists • Fast Publication! 4 weeks from acceptance to publication by guest on September 23, 2021 *average Subscription Information about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: http://jimmunol.org/subscription Permissions Submit copyright permission requests at: http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html Email Alerts Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts The Journal of Immunology is published twice each month by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 Copyright © 2009 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. The Journal of Immunology Type I IFN-Mediated Protection of Macrophages and Dendritic Cells Secures Control of Murine Coronavirus Infection1 Luisa Cervantes-Barraga´n,*† Ulrich Kalinke,‡ Roland Zu¨st,* Martin König,‡ Boris Reizis,§ Constantino Lo´pez-Macías,† Volker Thiel,* and Burkhard Ludewig2* The swift production of type I IFNs is one of the fundamental aspects of innate immune responses against viruses. -
Disease of Aquatic Organisms 90:77
Vol. 90: 77–83, 2010 DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Published May 18 doi: 10.3354/dao02220 Dis Aquat Org NOTE Successful propagation of shrimp yellow head virus in immortal mosquito cells Warachin Gangnonngiw1, 2, Nipaporn Kanthong3, Timothy W. Flegel1, 2, 4,* 1Centex Shrimp, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand 2National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency, Klong 1, Klong Luang, Pratum Thani 12120, Thailand 3Dept. Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok, Sriracha, Chonburi 20110, Thailand 4Dept. Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand ABSTRACT: Research on crustacean viruses is hampered by the lack of continuous cell lines sus- ceptible to them. To overcome this problem, we previously challenged immortal mosquito and lepi- dopteran cell lines with shrimp yellow head virus (YHV), followed by serial, split-passage of whole cells, and showed that this produced cells that persistently expressed YHV antigens. To determine whether such insect cultures positive for YHV antigens could be used to infect shrimp Penaeus mono- don with YHV, culture supernatants and whole-cell homogenates were used to challenge shrimp by injection. Shrimp injected with culture supernatants could not be infected. However, shrimp in- jection-challenged with whole-cell homogenates from Passage 5 (early-passage) of such cultures died with histological and clinical signs typical for yellow head disease (YHD), while homogenates of mock-passaged, YHV-challenged cells did not. By contrast, shrimp challenged with cell homo- genates of late-passage cultures became infected with YHV, but survived, suggesting that YHV attenuation had occurred during its long-term serial passage in insect cells. -
Coronaviruses: a Review of Their Properties and Diversity
Properties and diversity of coronaviruses Afr. J. Clin. Exper. Microbiol. 2020; 21 (4): 258-271 Joseph and Fagbami. Afr. J. Clin. Exper. Microbiol. 2020; 21 (4): 258 - 271 https://www.afrjcem.org African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology. ISSN 1595-689X Oct 2020; Vol.21 No.4 AJCEM/2038. https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajcem Copyright AJCEM 2020: https://doi.org/10.4314/ajcem.v21i4.2 Review Article Open Access Coronaviruses: a review of their properties and diversity Joseph, A. A., and *Fagbami, A. H. Department of Microbial Pathology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria *Correspondence to: [email protected] Abstract: Human coronaviruses, which hitherto were causative agents of mild respiratory diseases of man, have recently become one of the most important groups of pathogens of humans the world over. In less than two decades, three members of the group, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV, and SARS-COV-2, have emerged causing disease outbreaks that affected millions and claimed the lives of thousands of people. In 2017, another coronavirus, the swine acute diarrhea syndrome (SADS) coronavirus (SADS-CoV) emerged in animals killing over 24,000 piglets in China. Because of the medical and veterinary importance of coronaviruses, we carried out a review of available literature and summarized the current information on their properties and diversity. Coronaviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses with some unique characteristics such as the possession of a very large nucleic acid, high infidelity of the RNA-dependent polymerase, and high rate of mutation and recombination in the genome. -
SARS-Cov-2 Surveillance in Norway Rats (Rattus Norvegicus) from Antwerp Sewer System
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.06.433708; this version posted March 6, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Antwerp sewer system, 2 Belgium 3 Valeria Carolina Colombo 1,2, Vincent Sluydts1, Joachim Mariën1,3, Bram Vanden Broecke1, Natalie 4 Van Houtte1, Wannes Leirs1, Lotte Jacobs4, Arne Iserbyt1, Marine Hubert1, Leo Heyndrickx3, Hanne 5 Goris1, Peter Delputte4, Naomi De Roeck4, Joris Elst1, Robbert Boudewijns5, Kevin K. Ariën3, Herwig 6 Leirs1, Sophie Gryseels1,6 7 1. Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium 8 2. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina 9 3. Virology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, 10 Belgium 11 4. Laboratory for Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, 12 Belgium 13 5. Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, Molecular Vaccinology and Vaccine Discovery, 14 Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, 15 Belgium 16 6. OD Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium 17 Abstract 18 Background 19 SARS-CoV-2 human-to-animal transmission can lead to the establishment of novel reservoirs and 20 the evolution of new variants with the potential to start new outbreaks in humans. 21 Aim bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.06.433708; this version posted March 6, 2021. -
Yellow Head Virus: Transmission and Genome Analyses
The University of Southern Mississippi The Aquila Digital Community Dissertations Fall 12-2008 Yellow Head Virus: Transmission and Genome Analyses Hongwei Ma University of Southern Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/dissertations Part of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, Biology Commons, and the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Ma, Hongwei, "Yellow Head Virus: Transmission and Genome Analyses" (2008). Dissertations. 1149. https://aquila.usm.edu/dissertations/1149 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The University of Southern Mississippi YELLOW HEAD VIRUS: TRANSMISSION AND GENOME ANALYSES by Hongwei Ma Abstract of a Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Studies Office of The University of Southern Mississippi in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2008 COPYRIGHT BY HONGWEI MA 2008 The University of Southern Mississippi YELLOW HEAD VIRUS: TRANSMISSION AND GENOME ANALYSES by Hongwei Ma A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Studies Office of The University of Southern Mississippi in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Approved: December 2008 ABSTRACT YELLOW HEAD VIRUS: TRANSMISSION AND GENOME ANALYSES by I Iongwei Ma December 2008 Yellow head virus (YHV) is an important pathogen to shrimp aquaculture. Among 13 species of naturally YHV-negative crustaceans in the Mississippi coastal area, the daggerblade grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, and the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, were tested for potential reservoir and carrier hosts of YHV using PCR and real time PCR. -
Drawing Comparisons Between SARS-Cov-2 and the Animal Coronaviruses
microorganisms Review Drawing Comparisons between SARS-CoV-2 and the Animal Coronaviruses Souvik Ghosh 1,* and Yashpal S. Malik 2 1 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre 334, Saint Kitts and Nevis 2 College of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana 141004, India; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +1-869-4654161 (ext. 401-1202) Received: 23 September 2020; Accepted: 19 November 2020; Published: 23 November 2020 Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by a novel zoonotic coronavirus (CoV), SARS-CoV-2, has infected 46,182 million people, resulting in 1,197,026 deaths (as of 1 November 2020), with devastating and far-reaching impacts on economies and societies worldwide. The complex origin, extended human-to-human transmission, pathogenesis, host immune responses, and various clinical presentations of SARS-CoV-2 have presented serious challenges in understanding and combating the pandemic situation. Human CoVs gained attention only after the SARS-CoV outbreak of 2002–2003. On the other hand, animal CoVs have been studied extensively for many decades, providing a plethora of important information on their genetic diversity, transmission, tissue tropism and pathology, host immunity, and therapeutic and prophylactic strategies, some of which have striking resemblance to those seen with SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, the evolution of human CoVs, including SARS-CoV-2, is intermingled with those of animal CoVs. In this comprehensive review, attempts have been made to compare the current knowledge on evolution, transmission, pathogenesis, immunopathology, therapeutics, and prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 with those of various animal CoVs.