Alasdair Macintyre, George Lindbeck and the Nature of Tradition

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Alasdair Macintyre, George Lindbeck and the Nature of Tradition Alasdair MacIntyre, George Lindbeck and the Nature of Tradition David Trenery BA, MA (Keele), MA (Loughborough). Thesis Submitted to the University of Nottingham for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, July 2014 Abstract This thesis considers the question of justification of belief in a comprehensive metaphysical system, through an exposition and evaluation of the philosophy of Alasdair MacIntyre. It defines a comprehensive metaphysical system as a set of ontological and ethical presuppositions which are taken to encompass and explain the nature of the universe, and which provide a framework for human practical reasoning and action. The thesis argues that such a system is primarily a way of interpreting the world and the place of humanity within it, rather than a speculative theory. It considers the extent to which the notion of justification can be applied to such comprehensive systems, drawing on MacIntyre’s account of tradition- constituted rationality (TCR) and George Lindbeck’s account of religion as a cultural-linguistic system. It outlines the development of MacIntyre’s Aristotelian ethics and argues that the further development of that position in Dependent Rational Animals should be given a central role in the interpretation of his mature philosophy. The thesis illuminates the concept of TCR by applying Lindbeck’s rule theory of doctrine to the question of the identity of different traditions. The account of tradition that emerges from this exercise provides greater specificity to the concept of epistemological crisis, which is central to MacIntyre’s account of the superiority or inferiority of rival traditions. The account of superiority that emerges by linking MacIntyre and Lindbeck’s work provides a retrospective measure of the extent to which one tradition can be held to be (provisionally) justified or (absolutely) unjustified as a comprehensive metaphysical system, and provides a rebuttal to the claim that MacIntyre’s position is relativist. I argue that while Lindbeck’s original account of the nature of religion as a cultural-linguistic system is vulnerable to the charge of relativism, it can be strengthened against this claim by the incorporation of a notion of TCR derived from MacIntyre. i Acknowledgements My debts are too numerous to list in full, but I have to pay tribute to the support and dedication of my wife, Alison, and my son Sam, who have spent several years patiently waiting for me to complete this thesis. Without Alison’s eagle eyes the errors in the text would have been far more numerous. I am greatly indebted to my supervisor, Karen Kilby, who has provided excellent academic support and guidance, mixed with just the right amount of constructive challenge. I am also grateful to the rest of the Faculty and to the students of the Theology and Religious Studies Department at Nottingham University for the opportunities for discussion and learning they have provided over the years, which have been of great value to me as a part-time student whose engagement with academic debate has to be episodic. I am also indebted to the perceptive comments of my most long-standing friend, Bob Waring, who has continued the tradition of constructive criticism of my work that he first initiated when we met in primary school. Dedication This thesis is dedicated to the memory of four people. Firstly, to the memory of my parents, John and Evelyn Trenery, who did not have the opportunity to pursue higher education for themselves, but made sure that their four children all benefitted from going to University. They ignited a desire for learning that has never left me. Secondly, this thesis is dedicated to my late brother Leslie who would have been proud of my efforts, and delighted to celebrate my successes, and sympathise with my setbacks. Thirdly, it is dedicated to the late Doctor James Logue, Fellow of Somerville College Oxford, with whom I shared many hours of philosophical debate, first when we were undergraduates, and later as he established his own philosophical reputation and career. They are all sorely missed. ii Contents Page Abstract i Acknowledgements and dedication ii Abbreviations Used in Text iv Chapter One: The Roots of After virtue 1 1.1 Overview 1 1.2 MacIntyre’s Early Philosophical Development 5 1.3 Marxism: an Interpretation 14 1.4 Myth and Justification: The logical status of religious belief 29 1.5 Marxism and Morality 43 1.6 Conceptual change, morality and religious belief 51 1.7 A Short History of Ethics 62 1.8 Implications 70 Chapter 2: MacIntyre’s Mature Position 74 2.1 Overview 74 2.2 Two Crises of Contemporary Thought 76 2.3 After Virtue 85 2.4 Dependent Rational Animals 112 2.5 Tradition, Rationality and Relativism 132 2.6 MacIntyre’s Relationship to the Enlightenment 154 Chapter 3: Lindbeck and the Identity of the Christian Tradition 176 3.1 Lindbeck, Ecumenism and Doctrine 176 3.2 The Nature of Doctrine 182 3.3 Religion as an Interpretative Medium 186 3.4 Doctrine, Rules and Identity 192 3.5 The Permanence of Belief 196 3.6 Some Limitations of Lindbeck’s model 202 3. 7 MacIntyre’s relevance to Lindbeck 207 Chapter 4: Lindbeck and MacIntyre as Complementary Thinkers 215 4.1 Introduction 215 4.2 Lindbeck, MacIntyre and the notion of a Hermeneutic Framework 216 4.3 Operative Doctrines and the Identity of a Tradition 229 4.4 Applying the Notion of a Hermeneutic Framework 239 4.5 Lindbeck on Inter-religious Superiority 251 4.6 Intratextuality and Superiority 263 4.7 Superiority and the rationality of a tradition 275 4.8 Overall Conclusions: MacIntyre, Lindbeck and Relativism 296 Bibliography 317 Word Count: 102,115 (Excluding Bibliography). iii Abbreviations used in Text ASI Alasdair MacIntyre: Against the Self-Images of the Age: Essays on Ideology and Philosophy. AV Alasdair MacIntyre: After Virtue: A Study in Moral Theory. CL Cultural-Linguistic. DCB Alasdair MacIntyre: Difficulties in Christian Belief. DRA Alasdair MacIntyre: Dependent Rational Animals Why Human Beings Need the Virtues. EC Epistemological Crisis. ECS Alasdair MacIntyre: “Epistemological crisis, dramatic narrative and the philosophy of science”. GB Alasdair MacIntyre: “An interview with Giovanna Borradori”. HF Hermeneutic framework. LS Alasdair MacIntyre: “The logical status of religious belief” in. MacIntyre Alasdair (ed.) Metaphysical Beliefs. MC Alasdair MacIntyre: Marxism and Christianity. MI Alasdair MacIntyre. Marxism: an Interpretation. ND George A. Lindbeck: The Nature of Doctrine Religion and Theology in a Postliberal Age. NE Aristotle The Nichomachean Ethics. NMW MacIntyre, Alasdair C. “Notes from the moral wilderness 1 and 2”; reprinted in K. Knight The MacIntyre Reader pp.32-49. PEO Principle of epistemological openness. RSA Alasdair MacIntyre and Paul Ricoeur: The Religious Significance of Atheism. SHE MacIntyre Alasdair C.: A Short History of Ethics. SMC MacIntyre Alasdair C.: Secularization and Moral Change. TRV MacIntyre Alasdair C: Three Rival Versions of Moral Enquiry. WJWR MacIntyre, Alasdair: Whose Justice? Which Rationality? iv Chapter 1 The Roots of After Virtue 1.1 Overview This thesis considers how one might justify belief in a comprehensive metaphysical system, through an exposition and evaluation of the philosophy of Alasdair MacIntyre. What is meant by the phrase “a comprehensive metaphysical system” will become clearer as the thesis unfolds, but I will define it initially as a set of ontological and ethical presuppositions which are taken to encompass and explain the nature of the universe of which our species is a part, and which also provide a framework for human practical reasoning and action. On the basis of this definition secular philosophies such as Marxism and religions such as Christianity are comprehensive metaphysical systems. A comprehensive “theory of everything”, such as modern physics has tried to develop, would not be such a metaphysical system, unless it sought to encompass ethics and an understanding of humanity within its framework, as well as providing an account of ontology. I need to qualify my description of Christianity and Marxism as metaphysical systems. This is not an attempt to characterise all aspects of their identity in a reductive fashion. It is, however, a way of pointing to some common features of these belief systems, which constitute them as “hermeneutic frameworks”: that is, all-encompassing ways of understanding the universe, humanity and human action (see Section 4.3). A comprehensive metaphysical system as defined above is, I shall argue, primarily a way of interpreting the world and our place within it, rather than a speculative theory. Whether it is legitimate to speak of the justification of such a hermeneutic framework remains part of the question I am exploring. The decline of Enlightenment epistemological foundationalism undermined notions of 1 universal standards of argument and legitimacy, and emphasised the importance of the role of authority and faith in underpinning commitment to such comprehensive metaphysical systems. My exploration of MacIntyre’s philosophy, and my use of the work of the theologian George Lindbeck in the latter part of this thesis, is intended to deepen the understanding of the issues associated with the question of justification and commitment in a postmodern philosophical and theological context.1 My reasons for exploring these issues are personal as well as intellectual. Like MacIntyre I am a child of the intellectual and moral culture of the mid-20th Century. My education emphasised the importance of intellectual rigour and objective justification as a pre-condition of belief, and rejected tradition as a foundation for rational investigation and knowledge. This education emphasised that the foundations of morality are indeterminable and encouraged tolerance of diversity and (less happily) moral relativism. It left me agnostic with respect to religion and the foundations of ethics, but it also left me with no choice but to act at a personal, community and political level, even though the principles that guided my actions appeared to be arbitrarily adopted.
Recommended publications
  • The National Association of Baptist Professors of Religion
    College Theology Society The Human in a Dehumanizing World: Re-Examining Theological Anthropology and Its Implications Sixty-Seventh Annual Convention in conjunction with The National Association of Baptist Professors of Religion Thursday, June 3 – Saturday, June 5, 2021 **ALL TIMES CENTRAL** Thursday Evening Opening 6:00-6:45pm (CDT) Online Auditorium Welcome, Business Meeting, Award Presentations Mary Doak University of San Diego (CA) President, College Theology Society Thursday Plenary 7:00-8:30pm (CDT) Online Auditorium ID: Convention Co-Chair and Session Moderator Jessica Coblentz, Saint Mary’s College (IN) Love for the Annihilated: A Black Theological Reading of Angela’s Memorial Memorial Andrew L. Prevot Boston College Andrew L. Prevot is an associate professor in the Department of Theology at Boston College. His research interests include: prayer, spirituality, and mystical theology; political, liberation, and black theology; phenomenology and continental philosophy of religion; and Catholic systematic and fundamental theology. He is the author of Thinking Prayer: Theology and Spirituality Amid the Crises of Modernity (Notre Dame Press, 2015), and a number of article and book chapters in the fields of liberation theology, political theology, and philosophical theology. Dr Prevot’s address belongs to a burgeoning field of scholarship that addresses current social issues by drawing on Christian mystical sources. In particular, it argues that Angela of Foligno's struggle with an inner sense of personal nothingness resembles the psychological burdens of many suffering under anti-blackness and other dehumanizing regimes. It further contends that God's loving response to Angela points to the sort of love that is needed to address such injustices.
    [Show full text]
  • The Church in a Postliberal Age W
    Consensus Volume 30 Article 18 Issue 1 Globalization 5-1-2005 The church in a postliberal age W. S. Cranston Follow this and additional works at: http://scholars.wlu.ca/consensus Recommended Citation Cranston, W. S. (2005) "The church in a postliberal age ," Consensus: Vol. 30 : Iss. 1 , Article 18. Available at: http://scholars.wlu.ca/consensus/vol30/iss1/18 This Book Reviews is brought to you for free and open access by Scholars Commons @ Laurier. It has been accepted for inclusion in Consensus by an authorized editor of Scholars Commons @ Laurier. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 134 Consensus The Church in a Postliberal Age George A. Lindbeck, James J. Buckley, Editor Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans, 2002 300 pages, $27.00 Softcover The Church in a Postliberal Age is an anthology of key writing samples from the renowned Lutheran theologian George A. Lindbeck. Compiled, edited and introduced by James J. Buckley, this collection is one volume of a series entitled Radical Traditions: Theology in a Postcritical Key whose purpose is to look non- apologetically at the place of theology, Jewish, Christian and Islamic, in modernity. Buckley’s volume seeks to utilize selected writings from the comprehensive works of this Yale University professor in an effort to display the radical nature of Lindbeck’s theology. The essays chosen date between 1968 and 1997, representing thirty years of Lindbeck’s contributions to the greater body of theological literature. Central to both the writings of Lindbeck and to the annotations of editor James Buckley is the issue of ecumenism and the specific role of the Lutheran church in fostering Christian unity.
    [Show full text]
  • Faircloth Thesis
    This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from Explore Bristol Research, http://research-information.bristol.ac.uk Author: Faircloth, Kyle Title: An Examination and Application of Rule Theory for Addressing the Theological Question Regarding the Fate of the Unevangelized: A Reformation Proposal General rights Access to the thesis is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International Public License. A copy of this may be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode This license sets out your rights and the restrictions that apply to your access to the thesis so it is important you read this before proceeding. Take down policy Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions prior to having it been deposited in Explore Bristol Research. However, if you have discovered material within the thesis that you consider to be unlawful e.g. breaches of copyright (either yours or that of a third party) or any other law, including but not limited to those relating to patent, trademark, confidentiality, data protection, obscenity, defamation, libel, then please contact [email protected] and include the following information in your message: •Your contact details •Bibliographic details for the item, including a URL •An outline nature of the complaint Your claim will be investigated and, where appropriate, the item in question will be removed from public view as soon as possible. An Examination and Application of Rule Theory for Addressing the Theological Question Regarding the Fate of the Unevangelized: A Reformation Proposal Kyle Faircloth A dissertation submitted to the University of Bristol in accordance with the requirements for award of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Arts, Department of Religion and Theology, School of Humanities, July 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Liberation and Postliberalism Christian God As the Liberator with Respect to Those Ills
    118 119 Liberation and Postliberalism Christian God as the Liberator with respect to those ills. That accusation came, moreover, in the formal languages of academic theology itself. From the main- Christopher J. Ashley stream’s perspective, it was faced with a challenge it had, somehow, to meet. In its institutional form, liberation theology has served as a reform move- ment within the theological academy more than a revolution to tear that academy down and replace it. It is certainly possible to argue that the true home of libera- One hopeful future for liberation theology may be as a leaven, a spur to the tion theology was in the base communities, the churches, and the streets; but I conscience, in a predominantly non-liberation theological academy. Liberation speak here of liberation theology’s academic face, the one speakable in the Union theologies, and their near relatives in constructive theology, will never die; but Seminary Quarterly Review.3 That liberation theology founded professional societ- neither is there any immediate prospect of their taking over the mainstream, in ies and working groups, but we cannot point to major new seminaries the move- either teaching or publication. For as liberation theologies defined themselves, the ment founded, or to mainstream institutions that heard the word and closed their postliberal reaction was already brewing. That reaction has become the regnant doors in shame. We can point, rather, to some institutions that the movement orthodoxy of the theological academy. In that context, some of the most excit- touched and reshaped, Union Seminary among them. ing theology being done today is methodologically under the broad postliberal Some reform movements succeed by joining the institutions they critiqued.
    [Show full text]
  • Stanley Hauerwas: Against Secularization in the Church Zeitschrift Für Dialektische Theologie ◆ Heft 59 ◆ Jahrgang 29 ◆ Nummer 2 ◆ 2013 Herman Paul
    Stanley Hauerwas: Against Secularization in the Church Zeitschrift für Dialektische Theologie ◆ Heft 59 ◆ Jahrgang 29 ◆ Nummer 2 ◆ 2013 Herman Paul In May 2007, theologian Stanley Hauerwas addressed a packed audi- ence at Princeton Theological Seminary.1 Frowning behind his glasses, Hauerwas began his talk by firing a volley of uncomfortable questions: “How many of you worship in a church with an American flag? I am sorry to tell you your salvation is in doubt. How many of you worship in a church in which the Fourth of July is celebrated? I am sorry to tell you your salvation is in doubt. How many of you worship in a church that recognizes Thanksgiving? I am sorry to tell you your salvation is in doubt.” And so the speaker went on, to the consternation and amuse- ment of his audience, ending his accusations, less than two weeks before Mother’s Day, with the timely question: “How many of you worship in a church that recognizes ‘Mother’s Day’? I am sorry to tell you your salva- tion is in doubt.”2 These words seem characteristic, not merely of Hauerwas’s polemical style and fondness for hyperbolic metaphors, but also of the American context in which the theologian operates. Hauerwas is an American theo- logian, engaged in American debates, and always addressing American audiences or, as I shall argue, American Christians who, in Hauerwas’s assessment, better know how to be American than how to be Christian. This is not just an incidental circumstance. If he identifies himself, tongue 1 I should like to thank the conference organizers for their kind invitation to deliver this address and the audience, including in particular Ariaan Baan, Gerard den Hertog, Kees van der Kooi, Rinse Reeling Brouwer, and Hans G.
    [Show full text]
  • Christian Theology Edited by Ian A
    Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-41496-9 - The Cambridge Dictionary of Christian Theology Edited by Ian A. McFarland, David A. S. Fergusson, Karen Kilby, Iain R. Torrance Frontmatter More information the cambridge dictionary of Christian Theology With over 550 entries ranging from ‘Abba’ to ‘Zwingli’ composed by leading contemporary theologians from around the world, The Cambridge Dictionary of Christian Theology represents a fresh, ecumenical approach to theological refer- ence. Written with an emphasis on clarity and concision, all entries are designed to help the reader understand and assess the specifically theological significance of the most important concepts. Clearly structured, the volume is organized around a small number of ‘core entries’ which focus on key topics to provide a general overview of major subject areas, while making use of related shorter entries to impart a more detailed knowledge of technical terms. The work as a whole provides an introduction to the defining topics in Christian thought and is an essential reference point for students and scholars. ian a. mcfarland is Associate Professor of Systematic Theology at Emory University. His publications include Difference and Identity: A Theological Anthro- pology (2001) and The Divine Image: Envisioning the Invisible God (2005). davida.s.fergussonis Professor of Divinity and Principal of New College at the University of Edinburgh. His recent publications include Church, State and Civil Society (Cambridge, 2004) and Faith and Its Critics (2009). karen kilby is Head of the Department of Theology and Religious Studies at the University of Nottingham and President of the Catholic Theological Associ- ation of Great Britain. She is the author of A Brief Introduction to Karl Rahner (2007) and Karl Rahner: Theology and Philosophy (2004).
    [Show full text]
  • Karl Barth and Hans Urs Von Balthasar: a Critical Engagement
    CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by University of Birmingham Research Archive, E-theses Repository KARL BARTH AND HANS URS VON BALTHASAR: A CRITICAL ENGAGEMENT by STEPHEN DAVID WIGLEY A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Theology and Religion School of Historical Studies The University of Birmingham January 2006 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Karl Barth and Hans Urs von Balthasar: a critical engagement Abstract This thesis examines the relationship between two major twentieth century theologians, Karl Barth and Hans Urs von Balthasar. It seeks to show how their meeting, resulting in von Balthasar’s seminal study The Theology of Karl Barth, goes on to influence von Balthasar’s theological development throughout his trilogy beginning with The Glory of the Lord, continuing in the Theo-Drama and concluding with the Theo-Logic. In particular it explores the significance of the debate over the ‘analogy of being’ and seeks to show that von Balthasar’s decision to structure his trilogy around the transcendentals of ‘being’, the beautiful, the good and the true, results from his re-affirmation of the role of analogy in light of his debate with Barth.
    [Show full text]
  • Scottish Journal Of
    scottish journal of Volume 72 Number 3 2019 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.22, on 29 Sep 2021 at 08:53:54, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0036930619000565 Editor Ian A. McFarland Emory University, Atlanta, GA Email: [email protected] Editorial Assistant E. S. Kempson University of Cambridge, UK Consulting Editors James Edwards Francesca Murphy Whitworth University, Spokane, Washington, USA University of Notre Dame, USA David Fergusson Aristotle Papanikolaou University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK Fordham University, USA David Ford Amy Plantinga Pauw University of Cambridge, UK Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary, Stanley Hauerwas Louisville, Kentucky, USA Duke Divinity School, USA Willie Jennings Kang Phee Seng Yale Divinity School, USA China Graduate School of Theology, Hong Kong Paul Joyce Katherine Sonderegger King’s College, London, UK Virginia Theological Seminary, USA Karen Kilby Kathryn Tanner Durham University, UK Yale Divinity School, Yale, USA Lois Malcolm Leanne Van Dyk Luther Seminary, St Paul, USA Columbia Theological Seminary, USA Joseph Mangina Wycliffe College, Toronto, Canada Dawn DeVries Bruce L. McCormack Union Theological Seminary, Richmond, Princeton Theological Seminary, New Jersey, USA Virginia, USA Paul Molnar Michael Weinrich St John’s University, Queens, New York, USA University of Bochum, Germany Subscriptions Scottish Journal of Theology (ISSN 0036-9306; electronic ISSN
    [Show full text]
  • Karl Rahner Theology and Philosophy
    Karl Rahner Theology and philosophy Karl Rahner is one of the great theologians of the twentieth century. This bold and original book explores the relationship between his theology and his philosophy, and argues for the possibility of a nonfoundationalist reading of Rahner. Karen Kilby calls into question both the admiration of Rahner’s disciples for the overarching unity of his thought, and the too- easy dismissals of critics who object to his ‘flawed philosophical starting point’ or to his supposedly modern and liberal appeal to experience. Through a lucid and critical exposition of key texts including Spirit in the World and Hearer of the Word, and of themes such as the Vorgriff auf esse, the supernatural existential, and the anonymous Christian, Karen Kilby reaffirms Rahner’s significance for modern theology and offers a clear expo- sition of his thought. Karen Kilby is Lecturer in Systematic Theology at Nottingham University. She is author of Karl Rahner (Fount Christian Thinkers, 1997), a brief intro- duction to the thought of Rahner. Karl Rahner Theology and philosophy Karen Kilby First published 2004 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor and Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” © 2004 Karen Kilby All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
    [Show full text]
  • Durham Research Online
    Durham Research Online Deposited in DRO: 15 March 2019 Version of attached le: Accepted Version Peer-review status of attached le: Peer-reviewed Citation for published item: Murray, Paul D. (2018) 'Living Catholicity dierently : on growing into the plenitudinous plurality of Catholic Communion in God.', in Envisioning futures for the Catholic Church. Washington, D.C.: Council for Research in Values and Philosophy, pp. 109-158. Cultural heritage and contemporary change series., Christian philosophical studies 23 (VIII). Further information on publisher's website: http://www.crvp.org/publications/Series-VIII/23-Futures.pdf Publisher's copyright statement: Additional information: Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. Durham University Library, Stockton Road, Durham DH1 3LY, United Kingdom Tel : +44 (0)191 334 3042 | Fax : +44 (0)191 334 2971 https://dro.dur.ac.uk Living Catholicity differently: On growing into the plenitudinous Plurality of Catholic Communion in God1 PAUL D. MURRAY Introduction The forerunner to the current volume, A Catholic Minority Church in a World of Seekers (2015), analysed the contemporary situation of the Catholic Church in North America and Europe as one minority choice amidst a welter of options.
    [Show full text]
  • As a Mother Tenderly
    AS A MOTHER TENDERLY Exploring parish ministry through the metaphor and analogy of mothering REVEREND EMMA PERCY MA Cantab BA Dunelm Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 2012 As a mother tenderly: using mothering as a metaphor and analogy for parish ministry. The thesis sets out to use maternal imagery as a way of articulating the practice of parish ministry in the Church of England. The aim is to find a language which can affirm and encourage many aspects of good practice that are in danger of being over looked because they are neither well articulated nor valued. The ministry of a parish priest is a relational activity: characterised by care. It is because the priest has a responsibility to care for those entrusted to her that she engages in priestly activity. In doing so she is sharing in the collective ministry of the church in which she has a pivotal and public role. The church is to be a community in which people grow up in Christ and come to maturity of faith. In order to explore the relational activity of a parish priest the imagery of mothering is used. The changing place of women in society has made it more difficult to use gendered images and thus it is necessary to discuss whether mothering is an essentially female activity. After acknowledging the complexity of the gendered language and the reality that most women arrive at mothering through a specifically female bodily experience, the thesis goes on to state that the practice of mothering is not instinctual but learnt.
    [Show full text]
  • Postliberal Approaches to the Theology of Religions: Presentation, Assessment, and Critical Appropriation Joel Okamoto Concordia Seminary, St
    Concordia Seminary - Saint Louis Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary Doctor of Theology Dissertation Concordia Seminary Scholarship 5-1-1997 Postliberal Approaches to the Theology of Religions: Presentation, Assessment, and Critical Appropriation Joel Okamoto Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholar.csl.edu/thd Part of the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Okamoto, Joel, "Postliberal Approaches to the Theology of Religions: Presentation, Assessment, and Critical Appropriation" (1997). Doctor of Theology Dissertation. 22. https://scholar.csl.edu/thd/22 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Concordia Seminary Scholarship at Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctor of Theology Dissertation by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1 Christianity and the Challenge of the World Religions 1 Exclusivism, Inclusivism, and Pluralism 2 Looking beyond Exclusivism, Inclusivism, and Pluralism 7 Purposes, Nature, and Outline of this Study 11 Toward a Postliberal Theology 14 A Review of Relevant Literature 25 PART ONE TOWARD A POSTLIBERAL THEOLOGY OF RELIGIONS TWO RELIGION AND THE LOGIC OF REVELATION: KARL BARTH'S POSTLIBERAL THEOLOGY OF RELIGIONS 39 Toward a Theological Evaluation of Religion 44 Barth on the Theological Interpretation
    [Show full text]