Initial Environmental Examination

Document Stage: Final Project Number: 38254

May 2009

India: North Urban Sector Investment Program (Tranche 2)—Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC

Prepared by Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development Finance Corporation

For the Government of Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program

The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation, Government of Karnataka

North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program

Package II – Belgaum Tranche II Sub-Projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)

May 2009

Span Consultants Private Limited

NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

ACRONYMS ADB : Asian Development Bank ASI : Archeological Survey of ASP : Activated Sludge Process BM : Bituminous Macadam CMC : City Municipal Council DI : Ductile Iron DoEEF : Department of Ecology, Environment and Forests EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment EMP : Environmental Management Plan FAL : Facultative Aerated Lagoon GI : Galvanized Iron GoI : Government of India GoK : Government of Karnataka HH : Households IA : Implementing Agency IEE : Initial Environmental Examination KSPCB : Karnataka State Pollution Control Board KUIDFC : Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development & Financial Corporation KUWS&DB : Karnataka Urban Water Supply and Drainage Board MLD : Million Litre per Day MoEF : Ministry of Environment and Forests MSL : Mean Sea Level MSS : Mix Seal Surface NKUSIP : North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program NOC : No Objection Certificate NOx : Oxides of Nitrogen OM : Operations Manual O&M : Operation and Maintenance PC : Program consultant PMU : Program Monitoring Unit PWD : Public Works Department SS : Suspended solids STP : Sewage Treatment Plant UGD : Underground Drainage WHO : World Health Organization WRDO : Water Resource Development Organization

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ...... 1 1.1 Overview ...... 1 1.2 Environmental Regulatory Compliance ...... 1 1.3 Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination ...... 2 1.4 Scope of IEE study...... 3 1.5 Report Structure ...... 3 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAM COMPONENTS ...... 4 2.1 Goal of NKUSIP Investment Program ...... 4 2.2 Investment program Components ...... 4 2.3 Project Location ...... 4 2.4 Type of Project ...... 6 2.5 Need for the Project ...... 7 2.6 Existing Basic Infrastructure Facilities in Slums of Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC ...... 8 2.7 Proposed Improvements for slums of Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC ...... 12 2.8 Proposed schedule for implementation ...... 13 2.9 Investment Program Alternatives ...... 13 2.10 Investment Program Benefits ...... 14 3. ENVIRONMENTAL DESCRIPTION ...... 16 3.1 Physical Resources...... 16 3.1.1 Topography and Soils ...... 16 3.1.2 Atmosphere ...... 16 3.1.3 Surface Water and Ground Water ...... 17 3.1.4 Geology and Seismology ...... 17 3.2 Ecological Resources ...... 17 3.3 Economic Development ...... 18 3.3.1 Industries ...... 18 3.4 Social and Cultural Resources ...... 18 3.4.1 Population and Community ...... 18 3.4.2 Household size ...... 20 3.4.3 Sex Ratio ...... 20 3.4.4 Literacy Rate ...... 20 3.4.5 Occupation ...... 20 3.4.6 Economy ...... 20 3.4.7 Work Force Participation Rate ...... 21 3.4.8 Existing Facilities...... 22 3.4.9 Physical or Cultural heritage ...... 23 3.4.10 Land Use ...... 23 3.4.11 Significant Structures or sites ...... 23 4. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 24 4.1 Introduction ...... 24 4.2 Location Impacts ...... 24 4.3 Design Impacts...... 24 4.4 Construction Impacts ...... 25 4.5 Operation and Maintenance (O & M) Impacts ...... 25 4.6 Screening of potential environmental impacts ...... 25 5. INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLANS ...... 43 5.1 Institutional Requirements ...... 43 5.2 Environmental Monitoring Plans ...... 48 KUIDFC i SPAN

NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION & INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ...... 59 7. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS...... 62 7.1 Findings...... 62 7.2 Recommendations ...... 62 8. CONCLUSIONS...... 63

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List of Tables Table 1.1: Environmental Regulatory Compliance of NKUSIP Components ...... 2 Table 2.1: Water borne/related Diseases in Karnataka ...... 7 Table 2.2: Components under Tranche 2 ...... 7 Table 2.3: Slums in Rabkavi-Banhatti City ...... 8 Table 2.4: Existing Water Supply Position: ...... 10 Table 2.5: Existing Community Toilets ...... 11 Table 2.6: Investment Program Alternatives for Slums in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC ...... 13 Table 3.1: Demographic Profile of Rabkavi-Banhatti town ...... 18 Table 3.2 : Population growth ...... 19 Table 3.3: Details of Population Density ...... 19 Table 3.4: Community Structure as per 2001 Census ...... 20 Table 3.5: Type of Industries in Rabkavi-Banhatti ...... 21 Table 3.6: Workforce Participation in 1991 ...... 21 Table 3.7: Existing land Use (1997 - Existing) ...... 23 Table 4.1: Screening of potential environmental impacts ...... 25 Table 4.2: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Water Supply Rehabilitation in proposed Slums ...... 27 Table 4.3: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Sewerage system in proposed Slums...... 32 Table 4.4: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Drainage Up-gradation in proposed Slums ...... 37 Table 5.1: Institutional Roles and Responsibilities...... 46 Table 5.2: Training Requirements (2009-2016) ...... 47 Table 5.3: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Water Supply Rehabilitation in proposed Slums...... 49 Table 5.4: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Sewerage system component in proposed Slums...... 51 Table 5.5: Environmental Monitoring Plan for urban drainage up-gradation in Slums ...... 55 Table 5.6: Occupational Health Risks and Safety Plan for workers ...... 56 Table 5.7: Annual environmental cost estimate (2009)* ...... 58 Table 6.1: Details of Public consultation for the NKUSIP in Rabkavi-Banhatti ULB ...... 59 Table 6.2: Queries and Responses during Public consultation ...... 60

List of Maps Map 2.1: India, Karnataka State and ...... 5 Map 2.2: Ward Boundary of Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC ...... 6

List of Figures

Fig. 2.1: City municipal Council, Rabkavi-Banhatti ...... 6 Fig. 2.2: Harijankeri (Hosur) Slum ...... 9 Fig. 2.3: Dasar Maddi Slum ...... 10 Fig. 5.1: NUSIP Implementing Organization Hierarchy ...... 45 Fig. 6.1: Public Consultation ...... 60

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Overview

1. The Government of Karnataka (GoK) through the Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development and Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) has prepared the North Karnataka urban Sector Investment Programme (NKUSIP) under the Asian Development Bank (ADB) assistance. Seven ULBs have been considered for the Package II – Belgaum under NKUSIP. They include Belgaum, Gokak, Nippani, Badami, Ilkal, Jamkhandi and Rabkavi-Banhatti ULBs. The primary objective of NKUSIP is to promote economic development in North Karnataka through urban infrastructure provision, focusing on the improvement of environmental sanitation and public health through equitable distribution of urban basic services that are environmentally sound and operationally sustainable. This will also enhances the quality life of people.

2. The aim of Investment Program is to improve the environmental condition of urban areas. However, the proposed improvements of infrastructure facilities may exert certain adverse impacts on the natural environment during construction and Operation stages. Impacts during the construction stage are expected to be more severe than impacts during the operation phase, though for a short duration. However, the provision of sewage treatment plant may exert adverse impacts during the operation phase also, if due care is not taken. Most of the impacts are activity-specific. Nevertheless, if due care is taken during the construction phase, negative impacts due to investment Program will be far outweighed by positive impacts.

1.2 Environmental Regulatory Compliance

3. The environmental regulations and mandatory requirement for sub-components proposed for Rabkavi-Banhatti city are indicated in Table 1.1. The table indicates that as far as GoI and GoK Acts/Guidelines are concerned, the proposed Investment Programs do not need to go thorough environmental assessment process; however, as specified below, few sub-project components may require consent from Competent Authorities.

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 1.1: Environmental Regulatory Compliance of NKUSIP Components Sector Sub- Applicability of Compliance Criteria component Act/Guidelines Sewerage and Sewage The Water (Prevention & Consent for Establishment Sanitation Treatment Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Consent for Operation Plant & 1978 from KSPCB (required only for STP) All Sectors All Sub- The Environmental Policy and Categorization of sub- (Urban components Operations Manual (OM) 20: project component into A, drainage, Environmental Considerations B or C and developing urban roads, in ADB Operation. required level of slum environmental assessment improvement) Environmental Assessment for each component. Guidelines, 2003

4. According to ADB guidelines (2003), environmental assessment of a proposed project is at the initial/preparatory stages of Investment Program. As per the ADB Guidelines, the proposed project components are categorized into A, B or C category projects to establish the level of environmental assessment needed to address potential environmental impacts. It is understood from the IEE study that there are no significant potential environmental impacts from the proposed Investment Program. Therefore, an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is not required for this development project (Category A is ruled out). However, the study reveals that there are less significant impacts of the project on the environment and are of short duration. Therefore, only Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) is required (Category B is considered). Category ‘C’ is not applicable since IEE is required for the program components. Hence, IEE has been carried out with identification of potential impacts and necessary feasible mitigation measures with due importance given for sustainable environment.

1.3 Purpose of Initial Environmental Examination

5. The purpose of IEE in the urban improvement program sub-projects is to fulfill the ADB’s environmental assessment requirement for sector loans. Owing to the scale and nature of the proposed infrastructure components and environmental profile of the NKUSIP sub-project towns, almost all Investment Program components are unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. Therefore, as per the ADB’s Environmental

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Assessment Guidelines, the subproject components proposed in Rabkavi-Banhatti city under NKUSIP are categorized as ‘B’ and accordingly, initial environmental examination (IEE) has been carried out.

1.4 Scope of IEE study

6. The IEE is one of the effective tools in the development project to implement the required development activities in an eco-friendly mode. The IEE report has been prepared based mainly on secondary sources of information and field reconnaissance surveys; no field environmental monitoring survey was conducted. Stakeholder consultation was an integral part of the IEE.

1.5 Report Structure

7. This Report is framed with 8 Sections including this Introduction Chapter: 1. Introduction 2. Project Description 3. Environmental Description 4. Screening of Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 5. Institutional requirements and Environmental Monitoring Plans 6. Public consultation and Information Disclosure 7. Findings and Recommendations 8. Conclusions

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2. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVESTMENT PROGRAM COMPONENTS

2.1 Goal of NKUSIP Investment Program

8. The lack of certain basic facilities with poor quality of environment and life in northern part of Karnataka has forced North Karnataka Urban Sector Investment Program (NKUSIP) to be initiated. The developmental goal of NKUSIP is to provide financial assistance to ULBs for necessary basic facilities in Municipal Corporations and to facilitate economic growth in the surrounding areas.

2.2 Investment program Components

9. The goal of the NKUSIP is to enhance economic condition in ULBs through proper distribution of urban basic services that are eco-friendly, techno-feasible and operation sustainable. The Investment Program Components are listed below: i. Water supply ii. Sewerage and Sanitation iii. Storm water drainage (Urban Drainage) iv. Urban roads v. Poverty Alleviation (Slum improvement) vi. Non-municipal infrastructure – Fire services, Lake Development and Tourism

2.3 Project Location

10. Rabkavi-Banhatti city is situated in a valley surrounded by low rocky hills and barren hillocks, along the Jamkhandi-Terdal road. Geographically, Rabkavi-Banhatti city is located at 160 30’ N Latitude and 750 5’ E Longitude at an altitude of nearly 540m above MSL. The location map of the investment program for Rabkavi-Banhatti is presented in Map 2.1 and Map 2.2. Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC is a Grade II Municipality. Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC comprises of Rabkavi, Rampur, Hosur and Banahatti cities in Jamkhandi taluka, Bagalkot district. CMC office located at Rampur city. The city lies in Krishna River basin. The city spreads over an area of 12.50 sq. kms. According to 2001 census, the total population of Rabkavi-Banhatti city is 70,242 and the number of households is 11,967. The city is famous for its industrial activities predominated by weaving. More than 1, 400 power-looms and 5,000 handlooms function in the city.

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KARNATAKA INDIA

BAGALKOT DISTRICT MAP

Map 2.1: India, Karnataka State and Bagalkot District

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Map 2.2: Ward Boundary of Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC

Linkages and Connectivity 11. Rabkavi-Banhatti city is situated at about 110kms from Bagalkot district head quarters and 19kms from taluk and is in northwest of Karnataka State. Rabkavi-Banhatti city is bound by Jamkhandi city on the east, Belgaum District on the west, Mudhol taluk on the south and State on the north. The nearest railway station is Kudachi located at a distance of 32kms from the city. Two major district roads connect the city with Jamkhandi and Mahalingpur.

Fig. 2.1: City municipal Council, Rabkavi-Banhatti

2.4 Type of Project

12. The Project has been classified as service delivery typed project in which the project improves health and quality of life of the people living in the project towns by

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

facilitating basic infrastructure facilities such as water supply, underground drainage (UGD) facility and storm water drainage.

2.5 Need for the Project

13. Insufficient basic facilities and demand for the same due to increased population year by year and lack of proper technological systems in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC have resulted in environmental pollution, poor sanitation and public health problems such as water borne diseases and other associated health risks. This condition demands for the proposed Investment Program component in Rabkavi-Banhatti ULB. As per the State of Environment Report (SOER), Dept. of Forest, Ecology & Environment, GoK, 2003, health risks are associated with the lack of safe water supply and sanitation facilities. The Table 2.1 presents the health status in Karnataka. Table 2.1: Water borne/related Diseases in Karnataka Year Gastroenteritis Cholera Leptospirosis Viral Hepatitis Typhoid Total Fatal Total Fatal Total Fatal Total Fatal Total Fatal 1991 17455 691 747 16 -- -- 659 17 -- -- 1992 15262 608 402 14 -- -- 282 17 -- -- 1993 16206 855 424 13 -- -- 678 07 26047 01 1994 15932 325 304 10 -- -- 382 00 20349 00 1995 18645 396 532 38 -- -- 7146 01 10250 00 1996 22983 377 657 06 -- -- 1332 06 22221 12 1997 23665 361 714 10 67 02 1714 04 3880 05 1998 23881 501 434 02 01 00 3824 02 2435 00 1999 17743 126 134 03 54 02 4792 02 24356 01 2000 31132 265 354 03 03 01 3011 10 27210 00 2001 23893 198 342 01 68 07 5438 28 33346 06 2002 25218 146 384 00 27 00 4578 15 42936 02 Source: SOER, 2003

14. The Rabkavi-Banhatti ULB specific components of the program are given below: Table 2.2: Components under Tranche 2 Infrastructure Description Location Components to be built under Tranche 2 Slum Up-gradation Water supply rehabilitation Declared slums- Dasara Sewerage and sanitation Maddi and Harinakeri Urban drainage (Hosur) Urban roads Community toilets Street lights KUIDFC 7 SPAN

NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

2.6 Existing Basic Infrastructure Facilities in Slums of Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC

15. The Karnataka slum clearance board is responsible for notifying and upgrading slums and providing clearance and basic services to the urban poor residing in slums. The objective is to identify essential issues in service delivery in Rabkavi-Banhatti city and suggest methods for improving the services.

16. There are 7 declared and 12 undeclared slums in Rabkavi-Banhatti town. The total population in declared slum is 7956 and in undeclared slum population is around 10350. While the declared slums located well within the city have been provided with few basic infrastructures like electricity, water and roads but lack the sanitation facility. Household sanitation is almost absent in all the slums except in few. Community toilets are poorly maintained and & pay and use policy is followed. Following table indicates slums with population and area. Table 2.3: Slums in Rabkavi-Banhatti City Area Population House holds Name of the slum Acres Nos Nos Declared Slums 1.Banhatti Namdev Galli 1.04 900 150 2.Banhatti Yamanurappa forest area 9.00 1056 176 3.Rabakavi Dasar Galli 8.07 1050 210 (Dasar Maddi) 4.Rampur CMC back side 3.34 1350 225 5. Hosur Harijankeri 2.35 1380 230 6. Rabakavi Chikkode well area 8.07 1080 180 7. Harijan Keri 4.25 1140 190 Total-A 36.12 7956 1361 Undeclared Slums 1.Rampur Mutton market - 300 53 2.Rampur Waddar Galli - 300 54 3.Rampur Koravi Galli - 850 152 4.Rabakavi Yargatti Nala - 200 36 5.Rabakavi Chikkalgar Galli - 350 62 6.Rabakavi Harijankeri (forest area) - 1000 177

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Area Population House holds Name of the slum Acres Nos Nos 7. Hosur Harijankeri (Extension) - 1000 177 8. Banhatti Filter house area - 1600 285 9. Banhatti Arun Talkies area - 1500 267 10. Banhatti Kadasiddeshwar Galli - 1600 285 11. Banhatti Ashoknagar Galli - 1000 177 12. Rabakavi Weavers colony - 650 116 Total-B 10350 1841 Total (A+B) 18306 3202 Source: DPR-Slum Up-gradation, Rabkavi-Banhatti

A. Harijankeri (Hosur) Slum 17. This declared slum comes in ward no 22 and part of 21. This slum has 25 roads and here Piped water supply exists. Water is supplied once in 2 days for one and half hour through 15 stand posts. People get sufficient water. In this slum, all the roads are of concrete road and asphalt road some of the roads have one side drains and other roads are without drains. Two community toilets exist with water supply facility (5+5 seating capacity for each toilet) and open type compound for ladies toilet, but the people go for open defecation. There are 7 household toilets.

Fig. 2.2: Harijankeri (Hosur) Slum

B. Dasar Maddi Slum 18. This declared slum comes in ward no 30. This slum has 15 roads and here piped water supply exists partially. Water is supplied once in two days for one and half hour but the pressure is low, only 5 stand posts exist. In this slum, most of the roads are of Mud road

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

without drains. Only two roads are of concrete and asphalt. There is no Community toilet in this slum only open compound is used by ladies for defecation. So people are forced to go for open defecation.

Fig. 2.3: Dasar Maddi Slum

Existing Conditions in Slums a) Water supply 19. The slums are provided with Piped water supply on every third day for a duration of 1- 1.5 hours. Some households have house service connections; whereas maximum people collect the water from public stand posts. Under this programme, it is proposed to provide water supply facility to Dasar maddi by providing distribution system. Table 2.4: Existing Water Supply Position: Sl Slum Public Bore wells Remarks

No Stand With Bore well Post Power With HP Condition Pump

Municipal Water Duration Frequency Declared Slum 1 Dasar Once 1 hr maddi 5 Yes in Pressure is - - 30 two low min days 2 Harijan Once 1 hr Keri Hand pump in Pressure is 15 - 1 Yes 30 (Hosur) not working two low min days Source: DPR-Slum Up-gradation, Rabkavi-Banhatti

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b) Sewerage & Sanitation 20. In Rabkavi-Banhatti, there is no underground sewerage system. Sanitation facility is very poor in the slums. Household sanitation is almost absent in all the slums except in few. Community toilets are poorly maintained and the residents tend to defecate in the open due to lack of sanitation facilities and improper upkeep of public conveniences. The Karnataka Slum Clearance Board has constructed Community Latrines in all the slums but remained unused due to its pay & use policy. Many of the community latrines constructed and maintained by the CMC are without doors. Due to the poor maintenance of the toilets, residents tend to defecate in the open, causing nuisance in the surrounding area. The septic tanks are in very pathetic condition and the effluent is left to open drains. Under this programme, it is proposed to give sewer connection for community toilets. Table 2.5: Existing Community Toilets Sl Slum Community Toilets House- No Ladies Gents Treatment Condition hold Remarks No. of No of & Disposal latrines Seats Seats Declared Slum Dasar No Community toilets maddi exist, as there is only Open one open compound 1 - compound - which ladies use for defecation, gents go for open defecation. Harijan 2 No.s Community Open Keri Both toilets are constructed compound (Hosur) communit near slum. As both are and 2 5+5 y toilet in 7 Septic tank in use, municipality is Community working maintaining but most of toilet 2 toilets condition the people go for open 5+5 defecation. Source: DPR-Slum Up-gradation, Rabkavi-Banhatti

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

c) Roads and Drainage 21. All the declared slums are well connected with roads. The main roads are WBM and Asphalt and the internal roads are of cement concrete and mud. SSM and concrete drains are provided in main roads and many of the internal roads of slum have no drains. Under this programme, it is proposed to provide concrete roads, and RCC drains wherever required.

2.7 Proposed Improvements for slums of Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC

22. KSCB and TMC are responsible for improving and upgrading the quality of slums in Rabkavi-Banhatti. They undertake the programmes and projects for providing infrastructure facilities in slums under different schemes.

23. As per the inspection of slums and as proposed in CLIP reports, it is proposed to upgrade existing roads, drains, UGD, water supply distribution, community toilets and streetlights on priority basis. The following proposals are made for up gradation of Slums:

A) Dasar maddi Slum: i) Water Supply: Providing and laying of Distribution Pipeline of various diameter for 646 mts including public stand posts of 12 nos. ii) Urban Roads: Providing New Concrete road for 545 mts and providing road crossing with RCC Slab over Drains – 12 Nos iii) Urban drains: Construction of Concrete drains of size 45cm x 45 cm for 75 mtr, drain size of 30cm x 30 cm for 861 mtr. iv) Community Toilets: Construction of two Community Toilets (8 seater). v) Street Lights: Providing street lighting to the 22 poles.

B) Harijan Keri (Hosur) Slum i) Water Supply: Providing Public Stand post of 20 Nos. ii) Sewerage & Sanitation: Providing Sewer Network for a length of 1378 mtrs iii) Urban Roads: Providing one Pipe Culvert for road crossing with RCC Slab over Drains -15 Nos.

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

iv) Urban drains: Construction of Stone masonry drain of size 60 cm x 90 cm for 618 mtr and Concrete drains of size 45cm x 60 cm for 82 mtr, drain size of 30cm x 30 cm for 413 mtr. v) Community Toilets: Construction of one Community Toilet (8 seater). vi) Street Lights: Providing street lighting to the 25 poles.

2.8 Proposed schedule for implementation

24. Implementation of the program is scheduled to be within a period of 6 years (FY 2009- 10 to FY 2015-16) as directed by KUIDFC. Program works to be completed during this period include strict scheduling, monitoring and implementation on site.

2.9 Investment Program Alternatives

25. The environmental feasibility/suitability of proposed components of the Investment Program has been studied based on the location and process/technology for the components. The interaction and the level of interference with the surrounding land use pattern determine the environmental sustainability of the Investment Program components. However, the investment Program components are mostly location specific. Proposed improvements will be considered on priority basis for the slums discussed earlier. Table 2.6: Investment Program Alternatives for Slums in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Sub-Component Suitability of Selected Alternatives Water Supply The best alternative for water supply is to design the system based on gravity. However, due to topography and required pressure at the end, the system is designed as partly gravity and partly pumping. Sewerage System The best alternative for the sewerage system is to design the system based on Gravity flow. The proposed gravity system will be simple in operation and require less manpower and importantly does not require energy. The natural gravity is utilized to run the system. Pumping stations are proposed wherever gravity flow method is not possible for the system. Storm Water The best alternative for storm water drainage is to follow gravity flow method. Drainage

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

2.10 Investment Program Benefits

26. Inadequacy and lack of basic infrastructure facilities to the residents of slums in of Rabkavi-Banhatti ULB; and their adverse impacts on the environment, human health and socio-economic status can be overcome by safe, adequate and proper water supply, underground sewerage system/sanitation facilities, urban drainage, etc. which will be provided by NKUSIP. The Investment Program benefits are listed below:

A. Water Supply System Improvements  Availability of potable drinking water to the local people (beneficiaries)  Reduced time and costs in accessing alternative sources of water  Proper distribution of potable water to the beneficiaries  Reduced risk of water-borne diseases due to access to potable water supply

B. Sewerage System Improvements  Avoidance of wastewater pollution at low-lying area  Avoidance of regular choking of drains  Avoidance of impact of flood in low-lying areas  Protection of the water ecosystem  Reduction in risks of ground water contamination  Blockage of sewage flow in open storm water drains and from stagnating sewage pools  Reduced risk of treated water supply contamination  Reduced risk of water-borne diseases and mosquito menace  Reduced health risks  Healthy and hygienic Environment  Improvement in public health quality with better sanitation

C. Urban Drainage Improvements  Provision of Storm Water Drainage facilities  Avoidance of regular choking of drains  Prevention of road damage due to water flow from storm water drains  Reduction in localized flooding, particularly in low-lying areas  Reduction in long-term water logging condition  Reduced percolation or seepage of drain water including sewage into the ground water

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

 Prevention of ground water pollution through increased run-off which dilutes concentration of pollutants  Protection of the water ecosystem

D. Other benefits  Improvement in quality of environment, social life and health in slums by providing facilities such as water supply, underground drainage, urban roads, urban drains, community toilets and street lights.  Enhancement in archaeological and historical values of the project place especially during important religious festivals  Increased Cultural Values due to assemblage of people from multicultural background, caste and ethnicity (characterized by its customs, traditions, culture, etc.)  Improvement in quality of life

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

3. ENVIRONMENTAL DESCRIPTION

3.1 Physical Resources

27. Physical resources of the project area are described in brief in following paragraphs.

3.1.1 Topography and Soils

28. Rabkavi - Banahatti city is situated in a valley surrounded by low rocky hills and barren hillocks. The entire town area is hilly, with slopes of 2-30% grades. The hillocks form a barrier to the city’s continuous development and restrict links between various parts of the city. The low lands stretch over the west and northwest of the town, with a gradual slope towards the northwest. The black cotton soil is predominant in the region.

3.1.2 Atmosphere

3.1.2.1 Air Quality

29. At present, air quality in general is good but because of poor sanitation and open sewer drains air is unhealthy in the project area.

3.1.2.2 Climate

30. The project area falls under North interior Karnataka climatic zone. Rabkavi - Banahatti town falls under temperate, semi-arid with salubrious climate. The project area is characterised by hot summers and normal winters. Temperature, Rainfall and Wind Direction for the project area are given below.

3.1.2.3 Temperature

31. The average temperature in the city is a maximum of 420C during summer months and 100C during winter season. The city experiences monsoons from June to September (wet months), winters from October to November and summers from February to June (dry months). October month is considered as the transition period from monsoon to winter. The best weather is experienced in the months of October to January.

3.1.2.4 Humidity

32. During rainy season, the humidity is more and varies between 78% and 95 %.

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

3.1.2.5 Rainfall

33. The rainy season is experienced from June to September. The average annual rainfall in this city is 445.00mm. The project area receives maximum rainfall of during the southwest monsoon in the month of July and August.

3.1.2.6 Wind Direction

34. The prevailing wind direction is from southwest. Local topography and slope largely influence the wind direction. The wind direction shifts to northeast during evening hours. The nearest IMD station is at Bagalkot.

3.1.3 Surface Water and Ground Water

3.1.3.1 Surface Water

35. Rabkavi - Banahatti city is an old and important city having Krishna River.

3.1.3.2 Ground Water

36. Depth of ground water table in the city is 16m in rainy season and 30 m in summer season.

3.1.4 Geology and Seismology

37. The soil profile is with black cotton soil. The project area falls under zone III seismicity. The region is not prone to frequent earthquakes of high intensity. It is normally affected by mild tremors, not causing damage to life or property.

3.2 Ecological Resources

38. The sensitive and critical natural habitats such as national park, marine park, wildlife sanctuary, tiger reserve, elephant reserve, reserved forest, protested area and its buffer zone, declared special area for protecting biodiversity or wildlife habitat, estuarine area, coral reef, wet land or marshes or mangrove, cultural heritage sites, etc. were not found in the project area. None of the rare and endangered species of flora and fauna were observed within and surroundings of project area.

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3.3 Economic Development

39. The main economic bases for the Rabkavi-Banhatti town are Weaving as the prime and Agriculture as the secondary one.

3.3.1 Industries

40. The town is classified as ‘industrial town’ according to Census 2001. The predominant industry is weaving. More than 1,400 power looms and 5,000 handlooms function in the town. The power loom and handloom sarees of Rabkavi – Banahatti are noted for their fine texture, fast colour and various designs. These sarees have a good market all over Maharashtra State and North Karnataka.

3.4 Social and Cultural Resources

3.4.1 Population and Community

41. The population of Rabkavi - Banahatti city as per 2001 census is 70,242. The compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) in population has declined drastically from 2.48% (1991 Census) to 1.49% (2001 Census). This decreased population growth rate is attributed to the slow-down in the local economy. The slow-down is evident from the workforce participation (main workers and marginal workers as a percentage of the total population), which has declined from 36% in 1981 to 32% in 1991. Table 3.1: Demographic Profile of Rabkavi-Banhatti town Particulars Details Geographical area 12.50 Sq.km District Bagalkhot Grade of Municipality Grade-II Initial year of functioning 1952 Number of wards (2007) 31 Total population (2001) 70,242 Number of house holds (2001) 11,967 Number of Slum households / population (2007) 1361 / 7956 Sex Ratio (2001) 964 Literacy Rate in % 67.16% Source: Concept Report

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Table 3.2: Population growth Year Population (No.s) Growth Rate (%) 1901 10,544 - 1911 9,929 -5.83 1921 9,919 -0.10 1931 13,510 36.20 1941 16,012 18.52 1951 20,687 29.20 1961 28,871 39.56 1971 37,509 29.92 1981 51,639 37.67 1991 60,609 17.37 2001 70,242 15.89 Source: Census Reports Population Density 42. According to 2001 Census, the population density for Rabkavi - Banahatti city is 5,619 persons / sq. km. Among the four towns comprising Rabkavi - Banahatti CMC, Banahatti is densely populated. The town witnessed an overall reduction in population density due to the extension of town limits in the last decade. Table 3.3 presents the details of decadal density. Table 3.3: Details of Population Density Year Area Population Density Variation (Sq. Km) (No.s) (Persons / Sq. in Density km) (%) 1971 8.49 37,509 4,418 - 1981 8.49 51,639 6,082 37.67 1991 8.49 60,609 7,139 17.37 2001 12.50 70,242 5,619 -21.29 Source: Census Reports

43. The community details are provided in the following Table 3.3. Out of the total population of 70,248, the scheduled caste population is 7,611 and scheduled tribe population is 359.

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Table 3.4: Community Structure as per 2001 Census Total Population Scheduled Caste (SC) Scheduled Tribe (ST) Male Female Male Female Male Female 35,735 34,513 3724 3887 173 186 Total = 70,248 Total SC = 7,611 Total ST = 359 Source: Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC

3.4.2 Household size

44. The total number of households as per 2001 census is 12,094. The average household size is 5.90, which is substantially high in comparison to the national average of five members per household. Incidentally, the household size was 6.3 as per Census 1991.

3.4.3 Sex Ratio

45. The current sex ratio (female population per 1,000 male population) in Rabkavi - Banahatti City has increased from 863 in 1991 to 964 in 2001. The current sex ratio in the town is higher than the state average of 940, and the national urban average of 901.

3.4.4 Literacy Rate

46. The current literacy rate (percentage of literate population to the total population above 6 years of age) in Rabkavi - Banahatti is 67.16% (as per 2008 census), which is lower than the state urban average of 71% and national urban average of 70%. Male literacy rate was 77.4% and female literacy rate was 55.9% (as per 2001 census). Literacy level of sample population was found to be 81%, much higher than the overall literacy figure of 66.8% as per 2001 Census.

3.4.5 Occupation

47. Main occupation is weaving. Secondary occupation is agriculture and business.

3.4.6 Economy

3.4.6.1 Industrial Activities

48. Rabkavi-Banhatti is a renowned textile-producing centre. The city is famous for its industrial activities predominated by weaving. More than 1, 400 powerlooms and 5,000 handlooms function in the city. The significant industries in and around Rabkavi- Banhatti include the following:

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(i) Large-scale industries; Spinning mill; (ii) Medium-scale Factories: Spinning Mill, Dempo Dairy, Cotton Textiles, Hosiery and Garments; and (iii) Small-scale industries: A sizeable number of small-scale industries in and around the city are power looms and handlooms. Other prominent industries include 175 flourmills, 3 oil mills, 4 saw mills and one plastic Factory.

49. The GoK, through Karnataka Small Scale Industries Development Corporation (KSSIDC) is trying to promote industrial development in the region. Table 3.5: Type of Industries in Rabkavi-Banhatti Type of Industry No. of Units Weaving Industries Power looms 1,447 Handlooms 4,738 Oil Mills 3 Saw mills 4 Flour Mills 175 Plastic Factory 1 Chemical Factory 2 Ginning Factory 2 Total 6,372 Source: Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC

3.4.7 Work Force Participation Rate

50. The workforce participation rate was 32.96% (1991 census). As per 2001 Census, the male workforce participation rate is 54.9% and female workforce participation rate is 18.4%. The details of the workforce participation rate for 1991 are indicated in the following Table 3.6. Table 3.6: Workforce Participation in 1991 Description Persons (No.s) Distribution (%) Main Workers Primary Sector Cultivators 1,049 5.34 Agricultural labourers 2,304 11.72

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Description Persons (No.s) Distribution (%) Livestock, Fishing 178 0.91 Mining & Quarrying 28 0.14 Sub-Total 3,559 Secondary Sector Manufacturing, Processing, Servicing & 996 5.07 Repairs in Household Industry Manufacturing, Processing, Servicing & 9,873 50.24 Repairs in other than Household Industry Construction 390 1.98 Sub-Total 11,259 Tertiary Sector Trade & Commerce 2,916 14.84 Transport, Storage & Communication 424 2.16 Other Services 1,495 7.61 Sub-Total 4,835 Total Main Workers 19,653 32.42 Marginal Workers 328 0.54 Non-workers 40,624 67.03 Total 60,605 100.00 Source: Census Reports

51. The male workforce participation (54.9%) was more than the female workforce participation (18.4%). The male workforce participation rate of Rabkavi - Banahatti town is lower than the state figure of 80.41% whereas the female workforce participation rate is also lower than the state figure of 19.59%.

3.4.8 Existing Facilities

3.4.8.1 Health facilities

52. One government hospital and about 40 private health centers (major numbers of Ayurvedic practices) were observed within CMC limits.

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3.4.8.2 Education facilities

53. One government school and several private schools; and pre-university college and Degree Colleges were noticed in the project area.

3.4.9 Physical or Cultural heritage

54. No physical or cultural heritage was observed in the municipality limits.

3.4.10 Land Use

55. According to ODP 1997, Rabkavi - Banahatti Town has 8,499 Ha of developed area covering Rabkavi, banahatti, hosur, Rampur, hanagandi, Madanahatti, , Yaragatti and part of Jagadala. The land is being used for various purposes.

3.4.10.1 Current land Use

56. The existing land use pattern of Rabkavi - Banahatti town has developed area of 8,499 Ha. The current land use pattern is presented in the Table 3.7. Table 3.7: Existing land Use (1997 - Existing) Land Use Area (Ha) Distribution (%) Residential 212.82 53.58 Commercial 6.82 1.72 Industrial 65.40 16.46 Public & Semi-public use 20.16 5.08 Parks & Open Space 9.73 2.45 Traffic & Transportation 82.30 20.72 Total Developed Area 397.23 100.00 Total Town Area 1,250.00 Total LPA 8,499.00 4.67 Source: ODP 57. The general land use pattern in targeted slum areas along the distribution line is comprised of residential areas and commercial areas with business activities with medium density population.

3.4.11 Significant Structures or sites

58. None of the structures of significance such as historical or archaeological or cultural or paleontological, etc. were found in the project area of Rabkavi - Banahatti.

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4. SCREENING OF POTENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Introduction

59. Urban development projects may cause negative impacts upon environment in many different ways. The objective of this section is to identify those negative impacts that are contextually possible in the project under consideration and to suggest the required mitigation measures. The impacts anticipated from the proposed program may be on Physical, Biological, Socio-economical and Cultural environment. Nevertheless, it must be kept in mind that the impacts of project activities are not always negative, it may be positive as well. The attempt should be to minimize the negative impacts by applying necessary mitigation measures and to maximize the positive impacts. Based on the severity and extent of impacts, the impacts may be classified as high, medium and low. Care has been taken also to identify the prospects of positive impacts and of the measures that are likely to enhance the quality of the given environment. The environmental impacts of the Investment Program Components can be categorized into location impacts, design impacts, construction impacts and operation impacts.

4.2 Location Impacts

60. The environmental impacts associated with site selection and those involving loss/damage and/or encroachment of environmentally sensitive areas or archeological / cultural / historical/ paleontaological sites/monuments, etc. It also includes impacts on people- their livelihood or properties or any other related structures. The impacts may be direct or indirect on such environments/people by the developmental programs. No significant impacts can arise due to project location as the sites involving improvements in the Program components does not pass through/near any environmentally sensitive areas or any cultural/historical areas, etc.

4.3 Design Impacts

61. These are impacts due to Investment Program design including technology, scale of operation/throughput, waste production, discharge specifications, pollution sources and ancillary services. These may arise due to design interference with other utilities in the same tranche, are considered to be of short duration and of negligible significance.

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4.4 Construction Impacts

62. Several types of short term/temporary negative impacts upon environment may happen during construction phase of the project, primarily due to negligent practices. Construction impacts include impacts caused by site clearing, earthworks, machinery, vehicles and workers.

4.5 Operation and Maintenance (O & M) Impacts

63. Operation and Maintenance (O & M) impacts include impacts arising from the operation and maintenance activities of the infrastructure facility provided. They are routine management of operational waste flow; occupational health and safety aspects.

4.6 Screening of potential environmental impacts

64. Screening of environmental impacts is based on the magnitude and duration of the impact. The magnitude of the impact may be negligible/moderate/severe – in the order of increasing degree and impact duration may be temporary/ permanent (Table 4.1). Table 4.1: Screening of potential environmental impacts Duration of Impact Magnitude (Degree of Impacts) Negligible (N) Moderate (M) Severe (S) Temporary (T) N/T M/T S/T Permanent (P) N/P M/P S/P

65. The tables (Table 4.2 and Table 4.3) present the magnitude and duration of all four types of possible potential environmental impacts along with required mitigation measures for the proposed components of Rabkavi-Banhatti ULB under NKUSIP. No significant impacts are anticipated from program components during construction and operation since the pipelines and areas of improvement are not passing through any environmentally sensitive areas. The program components will have negligible/moderate and temporary impacts, which can be mitigated by proper environment friendly measures.

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Table 4.2: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Water Supply Rehabilitation in proposed Slums Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing Location and Design Impacts Since the location of N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. rehabilitation works will be at existing facilities, and the existing environment is not a sensitive environment, location-specific impacts are insignificant. The increase in water S/P Improved sanitation facilities to accommodate increase in water ULB/Design N/a supply will increase use including household latrines, public toilets, new toilets, and Consultant wastewater levels. septic tank cleaning service Resettement Plan prepared for infrastructure sited on private ULB/Design Part of Loss of land and other land. Any future land acquisition to be addressed in Consultant Consultancy cost N/T properties Resettlement Plan in accordance with Resettelement Framework. Construction Impacts Additional amounts of N/T Soil shall be beneficially used in construction or infill Contractor Part of waste soil due to Construction Cost. trenching Siltation of N/T Silt fences shall be used and sand piles shall be covered during Contractor Part of surrounding drains monsoon season. Also tarpaulins shall be used to cover dry soil Construction Cost. and water when carried on trucks. Backfilling of excavated trenches shall be done immediately after work is completed. N/T Contractor Part of Impact on topography Construction activities to avoid steep slopes and landslide Construction Cost. and slope stability prone areas.

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Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing N/T Contractor Part of Disposal of excavated Excessive excavated materials to be disposed at disignated Construction Cost. materials area

N/T Ensure adequate dry flow (environmental flow) to be released Contractor Part of Effects on hydrlogy downstream as per government requirements (if exist) and to Construction Cost. and sedimentation ensure no impacts on downstream ecosystems. N/T Where sites/camps are set up, the contractor will see that proper Contractor Part of sanitation (toilets, solid waste management) systems are in Construction Cost. Environmental place; potable drinking water provided; kerosene to be impacts from provided at reduced rates for cooking; gambling, liquor and construction worker illicit relationships banned. Contractor will be required (as per camps his contract) to ensure clean-up of site back to original, pre- project condition. Trenching could M/T Location of infrastructure will be confirmed to avoid these Contractor Part of damage other sites. Construction Cost. infrastructure Inconvenience to M/T During construction period, planks / makeshift pathways shall Contractor Part of access business, be provided along the construction areas for the public to construction cost. residential and other The access for business access their requirements for residential, shopping and other immediate facilities and other facilities along facilities. for the public and the proposed pipe laying impact on livelihood areas will be disturbed Will compensate any business losses as per the Resettlement due to loss of access during construction Framework. Spaces shall be left for access between mounds of to business. period. soil. Planks shall be provided to allow people & vehicles to cross trench. Workforce shall be increased in these areas to finish work quickly. Shopkeepers will be informed of work in advance. Inconvenience to M/T Provision of planks is required to maintain access business. Contractor Part of public during pipe Business and homes must be given prior notice. If there are construction costs laying along thick Reduced pedestrian and temporary impacts on incomes, then compensation procedures

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Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing commercial areas and vehicle access to must be followed as per Resettlement framework. narrow streets; where residences and businesses Construction should be expedited in the least time frame. public facilities are located. Activities requiring maximum access control should be done during non-peak hours.

Excavation along the road should be done in such a way that entire stretch will not be trenched at a time.

Traffic management with diversion through alternate routes will be implemented by providing adequate signboards. Traffic disturbance N/T Construction material shall be stockpiled to minimize traffic Contractor Part of and road blocking due blockages. construction costs to laying of water The proposed network supply network and will be laid in the Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate vehicle movement for presently unserved fringe these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be construction activities; and extension areas. As appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of inconvenience to the these areas are not construction site management plan, which will address these local community. densely populated areas issues. the impacts due to construction activities Work shall be planned with town authorities. Work shall be may not be significant. carried out when traffic is light. It will be ensured that police Traffic Management Plan provide traffic diversions whenever necessary. Workforce shall for the construction phase be increased to finish this work quickly. has to be prepared for rerouting and avoiding slow movement of vehicles. Trucks removing N/T Routes shall be planned to avoid narrow streets, congested Contractor Part of waste could disrupt roads, important/fragile buildings, key religious & tourism Construction Cost.

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Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing traffic and vibration sites. Work shall be planned to avoid peak traffic, main tourism could damage fragile season. buildings Dust and noise from N/T The practices such as spraying of water to arrest dust shall be Contractor Part of construction activities. employed. All equipments used in construction activities shall Construction Cost. Due to dry climatic comply with CPCB noise emission norms. . Impact on air quality condition the dust due to dust from generation may be Waste soil shall be removed quickly, stockpiles shall be waste soil and considerable. covered with tarpaulins and/or water shall be sprinkled to avoid imported sand dust pollution. Sand shall be brought (for backfill) to site when Major noise generating needed. activities such as rock blasting and use of heavy noise generating equipment are not envisaged. Improper disposal of M/P Bituminous waste shall be disposed in approved waste disposal Contractor Part of Bituminous waste sites. construction costs People will be N/T Contractor Part of inconvenienced and Construction Cost. Work program will be planned to keep shutdown to minimum. their health may be at Alternative water will be provided to affected residents. risk if water supply Communities will be informed of any shutdown in advance system is shut down for long period Sites of social/cultural N/T Buildings at risk from vibration damage will be identified and Contractor Part of importance (schools, Usage of pneumatic drills or heavy vehicles will be avoided Construction Cost. hospitals, temples, nearby. Waste will be removed quickly, covered/sprayed tourism sites) may be stockpiles, sand will be imported only when needed and disturbed by noise, soil/sand will be covered when transported on trucks. dust, vibration and Workforce will be increased to finish work quickly. Planks will

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Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing impeded access be used to allow access (people/vehicles). Relevant authorities, custodians of buildings and local people will be consulted to address issues & to avoid work at sensitive times. No construction will be carried out at night and early morning hours. Public will be notified of any loud noise and vibrations Improper handling of N/T Excess soil shall be disposed in low laying areas other than Contractor Part of excess soil water bodies Construction Cost. Workers and the N/T A site Health and Safety Plan shall be prepared and Contractor Part of public are at risk from implemented that includes measures to: Construction Cost. accidents on site Exclude the public from all construction sites; Ensure that workers use Personal Protective Equipment; Provide Health & Safety training for all personnel; Follow documented procedures for all site activities; and Keep accident reports and records Economic benefits if S/P Employment shall be provided to locals particularly affected Contractor Part of local people are persons identified in Resettlement Plans Construction Cost. employed in Contractor’s workforce O & M Impacts Recurrence of M/T The leak detection and water auditing surveys shall be ULB Part of O & M blockage and leakage conducted. The leak restoration time shall be minimized. Costs problems. The existing system losses are around 25 %. System failure due to M/P Dedicated power supply feeder lines exist and hence no ULB Part of O & M lack/shortage of alternate power arrangement is proposed. costs power supply Occupational health N/T ULB Part of O & M Provide provision for safety measures in design stage. Training and Safety of workers costs of workers on safety measures to be taken. and locals

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Potential Negative Significance & Duration Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts of the Impact Responsibility Costing Risk of contaminated S/T ULB Part of O & M H&S Plan shall be prepared and operated with same measures water in the costs as used in construction phase distribution system Public health may not S/P ULB Part of O & M Campaigns shall be conducted to raise awareness of health and improve without costs environmental sanitation issues improved practices Shops may lose small M/P ULB Part of O & M amounts of income if Shopkeepers shall be informed of work in advance; planks/ costs customers’ access is walkways shall be provided and request shall be made to police impeded by network to divert traffic if necessary. repair works

Table 4.3: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Sewerage system in proposed Slums

Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing Location and Design Impacts Impacts on existing M/P UGD pipes will be placed 1.5 m below water supply ULB Part of Design costs utilities such as water pipelines supply pipes and contamination of potable water Nuisance due to N/P Regular maintenance will nullify the impact. Usage of ULB Part of Design costs leakage / appropriate maintenance equipment would substantially overflowing/over reduce the maintenance time. flooding of sewers. Construction Impacts Sewerage Network and Trunk Sewer Waste soil due to M/P As above: Waste soil shall be beneficially used in Contractor Part of construction trenching construction, land raising and infilling of excavated areas cost

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Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing Waste soil may create M/T As above: Waste soil shall be removed as soon as it is Contractor Part of construction dust when stored or excavated cost transported As above: Soil shall be covered with tarpaulins on trucks Stored soil shall be covered or damped down in dry weather Damage other S/P Location of infrastructure shall be confirmed before the Contractor Part of construction infrastructure due to commencement of trenching work or these sites shall be cost trenching avoided Water and sewer pipes on opposite sides of roads shall be located. Disturbance to road M/T Subprojects shall be integrated to conduct trenching at same Contractor Part of construction users or public due to time cost repeated trenching Inconvenience to M/T During construction period, planks / makeshift pathways Contractor Part of construction access business, shall be provided along the construction areas for the public cost. residential and other The access for business to access their requirements for residential, shopping and immediate facilities for and other facilities along other facilities. the public and impact the proposed sewer Provision of planks is required to maintain access business. on livelihood (shop lining areas will be Business and homes must be given prior notice. If there are owners/keepers) due to disturbed during temporary impacts on incomes, then compensation loss of access to construction period. procedures must be followed as per Resettlement business. framework. Will compensate any business losses as per the Resettlement Framework.  Spaces shall be left for access between mounds of soil.  Planks shall be provided to allow people & vehicles to cross trench.  Workforce shall be increased in these areas to finish work quickly.  Shopkeepers will be informed of work in advance

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing Inconvenience to M/T Construction shall be expedited in the least time frame. Contractor Part of Construction public during trenching Activities requiring maximum access control shall be done Costs and laying of sewer Reduced pedestrian and during non-peak hours. lines/ pipes along thick vehicle access to Excavation along the road shall be done in such a way that commercial areas and residences and entire stretch will not be trenched at a time. narrow streets; where businesses Traffic management with diversion through alternate routes public facilities are will be implemented by providing adequate signboards. located. Nuisance due to dust M/T Construction material shall be stockpiled to minimize traffic Contractor Part of construction and noise; road blockages. In case of excavations for sewer lines in busy costs blocking due to laying Dust generation may be streets such as central areas of the town (market area, old of sewer network; and, significant as the dry town area), adequate arrangements for traffic diversion increased traffic flow weather condition including prior intimation and by erecting proper signboard due to vehicle prevails in the town. shall be provided. movement for Considering the market and dense residential areas in the construction activities. core town area, preparation of construction site management plan is necessary. Poor performance of the contractor may potentially exacerbate these impacts and therefore qualified contractors to be appointed. The contracted work includes the implementation of construction site management plan, which will address these issues. Traffic disturbance and M/T Construction material shall be stockpiled to minimize traffic Contractor Part of construction road blocking due to blockages. costs laying of sewer The proposed network Poor performance of the contractor may potentially network and vehicle will be laid in the exacerbate these impacts and therefore qualified contractors movement for presently unserved fringe to be appointed. The contracted work includes the construction activities; and extension areas. As implementation of construction site management plan, inconvenience to the these areas are not which will address these issues.

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Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing local community. densely populated areas Work shall be planned with town authorities. Work shall be the impacts due to carried out when traffic is light. It will be ensured that Traffic disturbance due construction activities police provide traffic diversions whenever necessary. to lack of space caused may not be significant. Workforce shall be increased to finish this work quickly. by placing/dumping of Traffic Management soil on road and/or if Plan for the construction sewers have to be phase has to be prepared located in the road for rerouting and itself avoiding slow movement of vehicles. Traffic disturbance and N/T Routes shall be planned to avoid narrow streets, congested Contractor Part of Construction vibration due to trucks roads, important/fragile buildings, key religious & tourism Cost. removing waste and sites. Work shall be planned to avoid peak traffic, main may cause damage to tourism season. fragile buildings Dust and noise from N/T The practices such as spraying of water to arrest dust shall Contractor Part of Construction construction activities. Due to dry climatic be employed. All equipments used in construction activities Cost. . Impact on air quality condition the dust shall comply with CPCB noise emission norms. due to dust from waste generation may be Waste soil shall be removed quickly, stockpiles shall be Part of construction soil and imported sand considerable. covered with tarpaulins and/or water shall be sprinkled to cost Major noise generating avoid dust pollution. Sand shall be brought (for backfill) to activities such as rock site when needed. blasting and use of heavy noise generating equipment are not envisaged. Improper disposal of M/P Bituminous waste shall be disposed in approved waste Contractor Part of construction Bituminous waste disposal sites. costs Improper handling of N/T Excess soil shall be disposed in low laying areas other than Contractor Part of Construction excess soil water bodies Cost.

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Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing On site accident risks M/T A site Health and Safety Plan shall be prepared and Contractor Part of Construction for workers and the implemented that includes measures to: Cost. public Exclude the public from all construction sites; Ensure that workers use Personal Protective Equipment; Provide Health & Safety training for all personnel; Follow documented procedures for all site activities; and Keep accident reports and records Economic benefits if M/T As above: Employment shall be provided to locals Contractor Part of Construction local people are particularly affected persons identified in Resettlement Cost. employed in Plans-50% of workforce from affected communities Contractor’s workforce O & M Impacts Human health risks M/T Sewer leaks shall be detected and repaired rapidly and ULB Part of O & M and contamination of effectively costs soil and groundwater due to leaking sewers Nuisance due to N/P The suggested mitigation measures shall be implemented to ULB Part of O & M overflowing/choking No major water bodies avoid chocking. costs of sewers. and ground water are Sewer cleaning equipments shall be provided. very deep. However, nuisance shall be considered. Impact on business S/T  Spaces shall be left for access between mounds of soil. ULB Part of O & M income if customer’s  Planks shall be provided to allow people & vehicles to costs access is impeded by cross trench. network repair works  Workforce shall be increased in these areas to finish work quickly.  Shopkeepers will be informed of work in advance Mixing of Industrial M/P Waste water with Treatment process in the The rules and regulation will be strictly implemented to KSPCB and Part of O&M Cost

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NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing sewage downstream will be avoid mixing of industrial waste stream with sewage. ULB significantly affected Health risk to the sewer workers due to toxic effluent and gases Economic benefits to M/P Workers should be residents of neighbouring areas ULB Part of O & M local people by project costs Health & Safety risks M/T H&S Plan shall be prepared and operated with same Part of O & M costs of workers and the measures as used in construction phase ULB public during repair work

Table 4.4: Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures of Drainage Up-gradation in proposed Slums Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing Location and Design Impacts No location impacts N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. are envisaged as the scale of activity is minimal Design Impacts No loss or N/a. N/a. N/a. N/a. encroachment of cultural or historical properties is envisaged. No impacts are envisaged.

KUIDFC 37 SPAN

NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing Construction Impacts Improper disposal of M/T The silt and debris shall be extracted manually during Contractor Part of Construction silt and debris cleaning; de-weeding and de-silting of drains; will be costs transported through mini trucks immediately and disposed off at approved landfill sites/solid waste management site. Improper disposal of M/P Bituminous waste shall be disposed in approved waste Contractor Part of construction Bituminous waste disposal sites. costs Improper handling of M/P Waste/excess soil shall be used in construction, land raising Contractor Part of Construction excess soil - and infilling of excavated areas Cost. Excavation of trenches Excess soil shall be disposed in low laying areas other than will produce large water bodies. amounts of waste soil Dust pollution due to M/T Waste soil shall be removed as soon as it is excavated Contractor Part of Construction excavation and Soil & sand shall be covered with tarpaulins when carried Cost. removal of waste soil; on trucks importation and Sand shall be brought to site only when needed. storage of sand and Stockpiles of loose material stored on site shall be covered other material or sprayed. Damage to other S/P Location of different infrastructure on opposite sides of Design consultant Part of Construction infrastructure due to road such as water pipes, electricity pylons, etc., will be Cost. excavation determined and scheme will be designed to avoid damage Inconvenience to M/T During construction period, planks / makeshift pathways Contractor Part of Construction access business, should be provided along the construction areas for the Costs residential and other The access for business public to access their requirements for residential, shopping immediate facilities for and other facilities and other facilities. the public and impact along the proposed on livelihood (loss of urban drain areas will be income) due to loss of disturbed during access to business. construction period.

KUIDFC 38 SPAN

NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing Provision of planks across trenches will be made to maintain access business. Business and homes must be given prior notice. If there are temporary impacts on incomes, then compensation procedures must be followed as per Resettlement framework. Work will be finished quickly by increasing workforce in these areas. Business people will be consulted and informed of work in advance. Inconvenience to M/T Construction should be expedited in the least time frame. Contractor Part of Construction public during laying of Activities requiring maximum access control should be Costs storm water drainage Reduced pedestrian and done during off-peak hours. lines along thick vehicle access to Excavation along the road should be done in such a way commercial areas and residences and that entire stretch will not be trenched at a time. narrow streets; where businesses Traffic management with diversion through alternate routes public facilities are will be implemented by providing adequate signboards. located. Disturbance to traffic M/T Construction activities will be planned to have least impact Contractor Part of Construction due to storage of on traffic during material storage. costs construction This impact may be Proper traffic management plan has to be prepared prior to material/waste and insignificant/less as the starting of construction activities. material transport scale of activity is Soil, vehicles and machinery shall be kept off road when vehicles and other small. possible equipment at site and Work will be conducted during light traffic. on road It will be ensured that police provide warning signs/diversions whenever needed Workforce shall be increased to finish this work quickly

KUIDFC 39 SPAN

NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing Disturbance to traffic M/T Proper route planning shall be done to avoid narrow streets, in town by vehicles en congested roads, important/fragile buildings, key religious route to and from site, & tourism sites delivering materials or Work shall be properly planned to avoid peak traffic, removing waste particularly during main tourism season Sites of social/cultural M/T Buildings at risk from vibration damage will be identified Contractor Part of Construction importance (schools, and usage of heavy vehicles nearby will be avoided. costs hospitals, temples, As above: waste shall be quickly removed, stockpiles shall tourism sites) may be be covered/sprayed, sand shall be imported only when disturbed by noise, needed and soil/sand on trucks shall be covered. dust, vibration and As above: workforce shall be increased to finish work impeded access quickly As above: bridges/planks shall be provided to allow access (people/vehicles) Modern vehicles/machinery shall be used & maintained as specified Relevant authorities, custodians of buildings and local people shall be consulted to address issues & avoid work at sensitive times Risk of accidents to M/T A site Health and Safety Plan shall be prepared and Contractor Part of Construction workers and the public implemented that includes measures to: costs on site - Exclude the public from site; - Ensure that workers use Personal Protective Equipment - Provide Health & Safety Training for all personnel; - Follow documented procedures for all site activities; - Keep accident reports and records. Economic benefits to M/T Contractor should employ at least 50% of workforce from Part of Construction local people if communities in vicinity of construction sites Contractor costs employed in

KUIDFC 40 SPAN

NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Potential Negative Significance & Mitigation Measures Implementation Preliminary Impacts Duration of the Impact Responsibility Costing Contractor’s workforce O & M Impacts Silting and pollution of N/T Site clearance shall be ensured before termination of work. Contractor Part of Construction water bodies due to The silt and debris shall be extracted manually during costs non-clearance of cleaning; de-weeding and de-silting of drains; will be construction work site transported through mini trucks immediately and disposed off at approved landfill sites or solid waste management site. Negative impacts on M/T Drain cleaners must deposit material from blocked drains in O & M costs appearance & municipal waste storage bins deterioration of ULB environment, if material from drains is piled on adjacent land Water from drains M/P Drain water shall be discharged into boreholes or porous O & M costs could help to recharge ground. groundwater If necessary, proper treatment to be done for drainage water ULB/Design Untreated drainage before recharging ground water. Consultant water can damage ground water resource Health & Safety of M/T Prepare and operate H&S Plan with same measures as used O & M costs workers and the public in construction phase ULB could be at risk during repair work

KUIDFC 41 SPAN

NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

5. INSTITUTIONAL REQUIREMENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLANS

5.1 Institutional Requirements

66. The institutional requirements for the proposed Investment Program are briefed in the following paragraphs.

Nodal Executing Agency (EA)

67. Karnataka Urban Infrastructure Development & Finance Corporation (KUIDFC) is the nodal executing agency responsible for implementing NKUSIP. Investment Program implementation activities will be monitored by KUIDFC through a separate Investment Program Management Unit (PMU), which will be set up within KUIDFC. The Managing Director/KUIDFC will head the PMU with the assistance of an Executive Director at the Regional Office of KUIDFC at to oversee the Investment Program progress.

State level Empowered Committee 68. A state level empowered committee for investment program has been constituted with representatives from GoK and PMU of KUIDFC. The Executive Director from Dharwad will be reporting to this committee as and when required.

Implementing Agency (IA) 69. The ultimate implementation responsibility lies with ULB in co-ordination with various other Departments of GoK. The program components will be implemented by ULB reporting to Divisional Program Director. Implementation Agencies (IA) will oversee sub-project component implementation at the sub-project towns, where the Investment Program ULB will implement sub-project components. The investment Program Consultants (PC) will assist the Investment Program ULB in all of its responsible implementation activities and carry proof check of designs and quality check of construction activities.

70. Other than the above institutional set up, District Level Program Steering Committee will be set up in each district to monitor implementation of subprojects and Institutional Reforms. The District level program Steering Committee will be reporting to Executive Program Director. The organization hierarchy is presented in Fig. 5.1.

KUIDFC 43 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

71. The responsibility fulfilling environmental requirements of GoI/GoK and conducting required level of environmental assessment as per ADB guidelines lies with the borrowing ULB. The investment Program Consultants (PC) will assist the Investment Program ULB in this regard. The IEE/EIA reports prepared by ULB will be reviewed by the PMU as per the ADB Environmental Guidelines and forwarded to ADB for review and approval. In case of IEE reports, the ADB could delegate approval of IEE reports fully to the PMU after reviewing the first two reports. However, all the EIA reports shall be sent to ADB for approval.

72. The mitigation measures identified through IEE/EIA-EMP are incorporated into the Investment Program cycle. Mitigation measures, which are implemented by the contractor, shall form part of the bidding and civil contract documents. The other mitigation measures are undertaken by the ULB itself or in assistance with Investment Program Consultants as specified in the IEE.

KUIDFC 44 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Fig. 5.1: NUSIP Implementing Organization Hierarchy

KUIDFC 45 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 5.1: Institutional Roles and Responsibilities Investment Activity Particulars Responsible Program Phase Agency Design Phase Investment Program Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) / Initial Environmental Examination Rabkavi-Banhatti categorization (IEE) for each subcomponents as per ADB Guidelines ULB Review of REA/IEE and categorization of Investment Program (NKUSIP) as PMU A/B/C as per ADB Guidelines Environmental Assessment Carrying out IEE/EIA study based on the Investment Program categorization Investment (EA) Study Carrying out Public consultation and Information disclosure Program Preparation of SIEE/EIA Report Consultants Investment Program Fulfilling GoK/GoI requirement such as clearances from concerned Govt. ULB clearances Agencies Review of IEE/ EIA Review of IEE/EIA and SIEE/SEIA reports to ensure compliance of the report PMU as per ADB Guidelines and approval of the same Disclosure of SEIA/SIEE Information disclosure – SEIA/SIEE Reports to be made available to the public ULB and on request IEE/EIA also to be made available. Incorporation of mitigation Incorporation of necessary mitigation measures identified in IEE/EIA in Investment measures into Investment Investment Program design and in contract documents Program Program design Consultants Review of design documents Review of design documents and contractual documents for compliance of PMU mitigation measures Construction Implementation of Implementation of necessary mitigation measures given in IEE/EIA Report Contractor Phase mitigation measures Environmental Monitoring Environmental monitoring as specified in Monitoring Plan during Construction Investment Phase and monitoring of implementation of mitigation measures Program Consultants Preparation of Progress Preparation of monthly progress reports to be submitted to PMU including a ULB in assistance Reports section on implementation of mitigation measures of Program Consultants (PC) Operation Stage Environmental Monitoring Carrying out environmental monitoring as specified in Monitoring Plan ULB Compliance Monitoring Compliance Monitoring to review the environmental performance of sub- KSPCB project, if required and as specified in Monitoring Plan

KUIDFC 46 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Training Requirements 73. Program Consultants (PC) will be responsible for providing training to officials of PMU, ULB, Contractors and NGOs. PMU will be involved in the monitoring of Investment Program implementation whereas the ULB will implement the Investment program. The implementation of mitigation measures specified in IEE report is part of contractor’s responsibilities during construction. However, the responsibility lies on both contractor and supervisory staff to monitor the incorporation of mitigation measures in the Investment Program. Hence, considering the existing capabilities of the agencies involved in NKUSIP, the training program is very much essential for all the Investment Program officials. The table (Table 5.2) presents the suggested training program: Table 5.2: Training Requirements (2009-2016) Program Particulars Schedule Participants Program - 1 Orientation Program – 2 days  PMU Orientation officials  Investment Program Cycle of Program/ involved in NKUSIP Workshop for the

Implementing  ADB’s Environmental Assessment Investment Guidelines and Executing Program Agencies  EIA requirements of NKUSIP  National (Indian) Environmental  ULB Laws and Regulations relating to officials urban infrastructure Investment involved in Program the  Environmental impacts of urban Investment infrastructure Investment Programs Program Environmental Assessment Process – implementati  Investment Program categorization as on per ADB  IEE/EIA process, Formats and Reports  Identification of Environmental Impacts  Identification of Mitigation Measures  Formulation of Environmental Management Plan  Implementation and Monitoring  Summary EIA/IEEs  Incorporation of mitigation measures in the Investment Program Design and Contracts Program - 2 Implementation of Mitigation Measures 1 day  Contractors Orientation involved in  Environment issues related to urban Program/ NKUSIP infrastructure Investment Programs Workshop for during construction  Supervisory KUIDFC 47 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Program Particulars Schedule Participants Contractors and  Implementation of mitigation staff Supervisory Staff measures involved in  Monitoring of mitigation measures NKUSIP Program – 3 Experiences/Best Practices in the 1day-  PMU Experience every officials Investment Program- sharing alternativ  ULB  Experiences during implementation of e year officials mitigation measures of environmental from the  Local NGOs concern in the Investment Program commenc  Best practices followed during ement of implementation Investmen t program

5.2 Environmental Monitoring Plans

74. Monitoring is an essential and an integral part of the implementation of the proposed environmental mitigation measures. Environmental monitoring generates useful information and improves the quality of implementation of mitigation measures. Monitoring plans for water supply system, sewerage system and urban drainage system are presented in Table 5.3, Table 5.4 and Table 5.5. This IEE and EMP are updated as per the detailed design and any design changes. Occupational health risks and safety plan for workers are given in Table 5.6 and annual cost estimate is provided in Table 5.7.

KUIDFC 48 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 5.3: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Water Supply Rehabilitation in proposed Slums Mitigation Measures & Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Monitoring Parameters to be monitored Frequency Responsibility Design/Location Stage Monitoring Check for Construction related impacts N.A. Verification of contract documents One-off inspection PMU and mitigation measures- before signing of the contract Incorporation of mitigation measures into the bidding and civil contract documents All designs of components include One time before final proper consideration of environment - Proposed designs of DSC design phase (i.e., water and air quality, noise pollution, sludge management) One time before final Design of occupational safety measures - Proposed designs of DSC design phase As needed before and Training programs for staff by -- -- during consultants implementation Construction Stage Monitoring All construction related mitigation N.A. Verification of contract documents before One-off inspection of PMU measures; signing the contract contract document Construction site management plan to control dust and noise nuisance, and road blocks

Incorporation of mitigation measures in the contract documents Implementation of EMP by contractor Construction Implementation of mitigation measures and Regular Contractor area monitoring plan

KUIDFC 49 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Mitigation Measures & Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Monitoring Parameters to be monitored Frequency Responsibility Implementation of Construction site Water supply Monitoring of air quality and noise is not Weekly CMC with the management plan: dust and noise pipe lines required. Ensure the implementation of assistance of nuisance at site; and traffic maintenance laying sites mitigation measures (usage of standard Investment Program and equipment complying with CPCB Noise consultants Dust and noise nuisance and surroundings Standards for construction equipments); disturbance to traffic Sensitive assess the situation through visual receptors, inspection and interviews with local people settlements Operation Stage Monitoring Check for blockage and leakage N.A. Percentage of water lost Yearly once Rabkavi-Banhatti ULB problems; reduction in water losses -

Effectiveness of leak detection and water flow auditing to reduce losses

KUIDFC 50 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 5.4: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Sewerage system component in proposed Slums Mitigation Activities/Measures & Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Mitigation/Monitoring Parameters to be monitored Frequency Responsibility Design/Location Stage Monitoring Gas monitoring for sewage pipes - Sewer pipes Gas monitoring in the sewerage network Monthly once as part ULB with the assistance Adequate monitoring of gas may not be and Manholes of Plant operation of Program consultants possible due to distant manhole spacing. Manhole shall be designed considering worker/s safety. Construction Stage Monitoring All construction related mitigation N.A. Incorporation of mitigation measures in the One-off inspection of PMU measures; contract documents contract document

Construction site management plan to Verification of contract documents before control dust and noise nuisance, and signing the contract road blocks Implementation of Construction site Sewer laying Monitoring of air quality and noise is not Weekly Contractor and ULB with management plan: dust and noise sites and required. The implementation of mitigation the assistance of nuisance at site; and traffic surroundings measures (usage of standard equipment Investment Program maintenance complying with CPCB Noise Standards for consultants construction equipments) and assessment of the situation through visual inspection and interviews with local people shall be ensured. Beneficial usage of waste soil All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ (construction, land raising, infill) PMU/ULB/PC Waste soil removal as soon as it is All sites Site observations Weekly Contractor/ excavated PMU/ULB/PC Usage of tarpaulins to cover soil when All sites Site observations Weekly Contractor/ transported on trucks PMU/ULB/PC Coverage or damping down stockpiled Inhabited areas Site observations Weekly Contractor/ soil in dry weather PMU/ULB/PC

KUIDFC 51 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Mitigation Activities/Measures & Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Mitigation/Monitoring Parameters to be monitored Frequency Responsibility Conduction of all excavation work in All sites Site observations Monthly Contractor/ the dry season PMU/ULB/PC Leaving spaces for access between Network sites Site observations Weekly Contractor/ mounds of soil PMU/ULB/PC Provision for planks/walkways to allow Network sites Site observations Weekly Contractor/ people & vehicles to cross open PMU/ULB/PC trenches *Compensation for businesses for lost Where required Shopkeeper survey; LSGD record As needed Contractor/ income PMU/ULB/PC Increase of workforce in inhabited Network sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ areas to finish work quickly PMU/ULB/PC Advance information to shopkeepers Network sites Resident surveys; CC records Monthly Contractor/ and residents of work PMU/ULB/PC Confirmation of location of Network sites Site observation; design reports Monthly Contractor/ infrastructure and avoid these sites PMU/ULB/PC Location of water and sewer pipes on Network sites Site observation; design reports Monthly Contractor/ opposite sides of roads PMU/ULB/PC Integration of subprojects to conduct Network sites Site observation; design reports Monthly Contractor/ trenching at same time PMU/ULB/PC Work conduction during light traffic Network sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC Ensuring that police provide traffic Network sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ diversions when required PMU/ULB/PC Proper planning for transport routes to Network sites Observations off site: CC record Weekly Contractor/ avoid narrow streets, important or PMU/ULB/PC fragile buildings, religious and tourism sites Proper planning of work to avoid peak Network sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ traffic and main festival/tourism season PMU/ULB/PC Avoidance of using pneumatic drills Network sites Site observations; CC records Weekly Contractor/

KUIDFC 52 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Mitigation Activities/Measures & Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Mitigation/Monitoring Parameters to be monitored Frequency Responsibility near buildings at risk from vibration PMU/ULB/PC Usage of modern vehicles and All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ machinery and proper maintenance as PMU/ULB/PC specified Consultation with authorities, Network sites Site observations; CC records; resident Monthly Contractor/ custodians of buildings, communities surveys PMU/ULB/PC to address key issues and avoid working at sensitive times Preparation and implementation of a All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ site H&S Plan (safety of PMU/ULB/PC workers/public) Exclusion of public from the site All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU/ULB/PC Ensuring that workers wear Personal All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ Protective Equipment PMU/ULB/PC Provision for Health and Safety All sites CC records; worker interviews Monthly Contractor/ training for all personnel PMU/ULB/PC Following of documented procedures All sites Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ for all site activities PMU/ULB/PC Maintenance of accident reports and All sites CC records Monthly Contractor/ records PMU/ULB/PC Employ at least 50% of workforce All sites CC records; worker interviews Monthly Contractor/ from communities near sites PMU/ULB/PC

Operation Stage Monitoring Potential for gas explosion in Pipes – Sewer pipes Gas monitoring in the sewerage network Monthly once as part ULB gas monitoring of Plant operation Odor emission control at Sewerage Sewer network Proper operation and Maintenance of the Regular/routine –daily ULB System Sewerage system. maintenance

KUIDFC 53 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Mitigation Activities/Measures & Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Mitigation/Monitoring Parameters to be monitored Frequency Responsibility

 Frequent flushing or scraping.  Solid separation; keeping solid stockpiles dry and preferably covered or compost them.

Windbreaks to reduce airflow across lagoons. Detection and repairing of sewer leaks Network sites Site observation; resident survey Monthly ULB rapidly and effectively Advance information of work to Network sites Resident surveys Monthly ULB shopkeepers and residents Provision of walkways/planks for Network sites Site observation; resident survey Monthly ULB public and vehicles Requesting police to divert traffic if Network sites Site observations Monthly ULB necessary Avoidance of usage of drills or heavy Network sites Site observations Monthly ULB vehicles near fragile buildings Completion of work quickly in Network sites Site observations; OMC records Monthly ULB sensitive areas Consultation with communities to Network sites Site observation; resident survey Monthly ULB avoid working during sensitive periods Preparation and operation of H&S plan All sites Site observations; OMC records Monthly ULB to protect workers and citizens Survey of public health and incidence Rabkavi- Hospital records; resident surveys Annual for 6 years ULB of water borne disease Banhatti Town

KUIDFC 54 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 5.5: Environmental Monitoring Plan for urban drainage up-gradation in Slums Mitigation Measures & Parameters Location Monitoring Method Monitoring Frequency Mitigation/Monitoring to be monitored Responsibility Design/Location Stage Monitoring No significant impacts envisaged N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. Construction Stage Monitoring All construction related mitigation N.A. Incorporation of mitigation measures in One-off inspection of PMU measures; the contract documents contract document

Construction site management plan to Verification of contract documents before control dust and noise nuisance, and signing the contract road blocks Implementation of Construction site Storm water Monitoring of air quality and noise is not Weekly Contractor/ ULB with management plan: dust and noise drain/nallah required. Ensure the implementation of the assistance of nuisance at site; and traffic sites and mitigation measures (usage of standard Investment Program maintenance surroundings equipment complying with CPCB Noise consultants Standards for construction equipments); assess the situation through visual inspection and interviews with local people Work conduction during light traffic Storm water Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU, ULB drain/nallah & PC sites and surroundings Ensuring that police provide traffic Storm water Site observations; CC records Monthly Contractor/ PMU, ULB diversions when required drain/nallah & PC sites and surroundings Operation Stage Monitoring No significant impacts envisaged N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. N.A. = Not applicable

KUIDFC 55 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 5.6: Occupational Health Risks and Safety Plan for workers

Components Location Activities Health Risks Safety Measures Monitoring Responsibility I. Construction Stage Water Water supply Trenching and Respiratory Providing personal Daily inspection Contractor, PMU lines laying laying of water problems due to protective equipments throughout and ULB Supply sites, Sewer supply pipelines, dust, accidents such as helmet, mask, construction lines laying sewer lines and due to traffic boots, gloves, etc. stage. sites and storm water drains problems and

Storm water Improper stock piling and Monthly drain sites management of causing injuries inspection of equipments / or death accident reports Sewerage machines and complaints System Transportation of Traffic Management and register

construction Construction site access Monthly health materials to and control check-up for Urban from sites Providing first aid and workers drainage safety training to construction staff Removal of excess or waste materials immediately from the site after completion of the work and wetting of the area Following documented procedures for all site activities Maintenance of accident reports and records

KUIDFC 56 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Components Location Activities Health Risks Safety Measures Monitoring Responsibility II. Operation Stage Water Water supply Repair work Skin problems Providing personal Monthly ULB network sites such as allergy protective equipments inspection of Supply Treating and injuries such as helmet, mask, operation and contaminated boots, gloves, etc. maintenance; and drinking water Personal protective accident records

equipments such as boots and gloves. Annual health check-up for Immediate washing of the affected area with potable workers water and applying first aid measures Water quality testing for its potability Sewerage Sewer Repair work and Eye irritation, Providing personal Monthly ULB system Network sites de-silting of Respiratory protective equipments inspection of manholes problems and such as mask, boots, operation and skin problems gloves, etc. maintenance; and Sewer cleaning in such as allergy Immediate medical accident records such case when and injuries attention and first aid sewage gets mixed treatment at emergencies Bi-monthly with hazardous health check-up materials and for workers industrial waste Treating Training to operators for contaminated safe handling of chemicals ground water Gas monitoring in Respiratory First aid and awareness sewer pipes problems – training to staff allergy, nausea, asphyxia, etc.

KUIDFC 57 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 5.7: Annual environmental cost estimate (2009)* Sl. No. Item Cost (Rs.) Monitoring during Operation Phase 1 Water quality testing 5,000 2 Gas monitoring in the sewerage network 10,000 Training cost 1 Program 1 3,000 2 Program 2 3,000 3 Program 3 2,000 Other 1 Group Discussions 2,000 2 Health checkups for workers 05,000 TOTAL 30,000 Amount in Figures: Rupees Thirty thousand only *This cost estimated would be an inclusive in cost estimate of proposed other components for the entire ULB

KUIDFC 58 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

6. PUBLIC CONSULTATION & INFORMATION DISCLOSURE

75. To achieve the public consultation requirements of the Asian Development Bank, the PC undertook extensive field visits and held detailed discussions with the public, Government Departments such as Urban Development Board, Public Works Department, Pollution Control Board, Karnataka Urban Water Supply and Sewerage Board, etc. and CMC officials. Focus group discussions were involved in Public consultation. Ample opportunities were ensured for the public to participate in the design process of all the project components. A socioeconomic and perception survey was conducted to provide a baseline for assessment of perceptions of residents on the environment. Baseline information was collected by public consultation to ascertain opinions on significant environmental conditions/features within the project area with reference to project components and the merit or its rehabilitation.

76. During field visits, CMC officials (including the commissioner) and local people (farmers, businessmen, Govt. officials, so on) were consulted to evaluate the present situation of the project area environment and to establish necessary mitigation measures for the project components. These consultations have given insight into the concerns and requirements of CMC officials and publics with relation to implementation of program components within the CMC area. These contacts provided an opportunity for the local community to involve in the initial stages of the project activities. Table 6.1 below gives details of the Public Consultation. Table 6.1: Details of Public consultation for the NKUSIP in Rabkavi-Banhatti ULB Date Place Taluk District No. of participants 04-07-2008 CMC, Rabkavi - Rabkavi - Bagalokot 30 Banahatti Banahatti 05-07-2008 Bus stand Area, 30 Rabkavi - Banahatti

77. Overall, Public opinion was that the implementation of the project components within the CMC limits should be carried out without any delay, but should include proper operation and maintenance, environmental mitigation measures particularly with reference to sewerage and sanitation, improvement of the public health and the quality of life for the local communities.

KUIDFC 59 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Table 6.2: Queries and Responses during Public consultation S. Queries Responses No. 1 Will the project enhance the Yes. The purpose of the program is to provide sanitary conditions of the city? sewerage facilities and STP with due concern to the environment and it will improve overall sanitary conditions in the city. 2 Is STP sufficient to treat the Based on the existing and projected population in wastewater in the city? future, release of wastewater, etc. STP will be designed which will be sufficient to treat the sewage water of the city. 3 Will skin problems and health Yes. UGD and STP facilities will solve these problems risks be avoided? What about to the maximum. health risks of STP workers? Sludge Handling workers will be provided with Will mosquito menace be protective coverings to overcome any health risks. stopped? Communities must be properly use UGD facilities to avoid any water/wastewater related health problems. Open faeciation must be completely avoided. 4 Will choking of drains be Yes. Routine maintenance will be done by ULB. stopped? Will odor problem be stopped?

A B Fig. 6.1: Public Consultation

KUIDFC 60 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

Grievance Redress Committee (GRC) 78. Grievances will first be brought to the attention of the implementing NGO. Grievances not redressed by the NGO will be brought to the grievance redress committee (GRC) established in each Investment Program district. The GRC process is designed to be transparent, gender responsive, culturally appropriate and commensurate to the risks and adverse impacts of the project, as well as readily accessible to all segments of the affected people. Affected people are to be appropriately informed about the mechanism through media and public outlets. This participatory process shall ensure that all views of the people are adequately reviewed and suitably incorporated in the design and implementation process.

79. A District Level Project Steering Committee (DLPSC) headed by the Concerned District Commissioner (DC) has been established under the NKUSIP project vide GO: No N. A. E. 45 PRJ 04 dated 18/06/04 for 21 towns. In addition to the functions of the committee, Grievance redress was included as additional functions vide GO: No. N. A. E. 167 PRJ 05 dated 22/09/05 for the same towns and for the additional two towns of NKUSIP Package II – Nippani and Ilkal, which were included. Later the DLPSC was established along the function of grievance redress vide GO: No. N. A. E124 PRJ 2007, dated 29/11/07, hence a grievance redress mechanism is in place for the project.

KUIDFC 61 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

7. FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

7.1 Findings

80. The proposed Investment Program components have less significant (direct/indirect) environmental impacts. Water supply rehabilitation in slums has no significant environmental issues and required mitigation measures have been suggested for the component during construction and operation phases. Sewerage system improvement in slums has certain environmental issues and required mitigation measures during construction and operation phases have been provided. Urban drainage component in slums has no significant environmental issues and the potential impacts of the component during construction phase are negligible. The overall potential environmental impacts of the Program components can be overcome by adopting suggested mitigation measures. The implementation of the proposed Investment program will create many beneficial impacts on Physical, Biological and Socio- economic environment. The nature of the proposed project component, being community upgrading, will fundamentally improve the overall urban environment. The overall environmental benefits will outweigh any localized negative impacts.

81. The suitable Activity plans required for these construction and operation specific impacts of all program components should be prepared by the ULB in association with Program Consultants before construction phase and must be included in the Contract Document. The Activity Plans based on identified mitigation measures include Sludge Management and Disposal Plan (with reference to STP) and Health Risk Plan (with reference to health of workers involved in Sewerage system and STP). CMC and Contractors should implement these plans during program construction and operation phases.

7.2 Recommendations

82. It is expected that the proposed project components have only minor, negative, localized, temporary and less significant environmental impacts. These impacts can be easily mitigated through adequate mitigation measures and regular monitoring during the Design, Construction and Post Construction Phase of the project. It is recommended that PMU should have monitoring responsibility in environmental issues of all program components and to ensure the environmental sustenance of NKUSIP.

KUIDFC 62 SPAN NKUSIP (Package II – Belgaum) Tranche II Sub-projects in Rabkavi-Banhatti CMC Initial Environment Examination (IEE)

8. CONCLUSIONS

83. The Investment program emphasizes the importance of conducting an IEE to identify environmental considerations during project component - site identification, design, and feasibility analysis. The findings and recommendations enriched the engineering designs to incorporate simple mitigation measures such as dust suppression, timing of heavy equipment operation to avoid disturbances due to noise, proper handling of domestic wastewater and its re-use for irrigation purposes, and traditional construction practices that overlook these mundane impacts. The IEE also pointed out the need to revise the engineering designs to avoid adverse environmental impacts, reducing potential risk of erosion and groundwater contamination, among others.

84. The proposed Investment Program is beneficial to the environment and the society. The project falls under the Category B of ADB's Guidelines. From this IEE, it can be understood that this Investment Program is of small-scale and does not cause any significant adverse environmental impacts and so a full scale EIA is not required. It is recommended that project can be implemented with proper mitigation measures to protect the environment. This IEE with the recommended institutional requirement and environmental monitoring plan becomes the completed EIA. This IEE for the proposed Investment Program meets all the required environmental criteria for subproject selection in EARP. Present status of the project study recommends only IEE for proposed project components. Therefore, no separate EIA is required.

KUIDFC 63 SPAN