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120 Index

animal bone 7, 10, 14-15, 17, 19, 22-3, 25, 27-30, 35, 80-2, 84, 88, 92, 98-100, 102, 104, 108-10 37-8, 69, 75-6, 78-81, 99, 102, 104-6 Corinium Dobunnorum 109 large mammals 75-7, 82 early Roman 55, 110 long bones 42, 65, 67-8, 80, 82 Polo Club 30-1, 100, 102 ribs 37, 40-2, 65, 68, 75, 80 Roman 6, 94, 106 small mammal 69, 75, 77 Roman fort 6, 55, 82, 106, 109-10 animal husbandry 77, 82 Tar Barrows 5, 109 antler 7, 10, 27, 37, 40, 78, 81, 99 clay 27-8, 33, 48, 66, 73, 104 antler comb 62-3, 105 clay pipe 60, 72-3 arable fields 1, 83, 88 Claydon Pike 6, 56 ash, bark of 28, 99 Clifton Quarry, Worcestershire 28, 36-7 Ashton Keynes, Wiltshire 6, 27, 81 coins 1, 53, 63, 65, 106, 110 assessment, archaeological 1, 84 cooking 38, 54, 60 aurochs 7, 77-9, 83 Cornish axe heads 27-8, 35-8, 75, 81, 99 greenstone 36-7 materials 38 Bagendon 6, 30-1, 101-2, 109 Cotswold Community 27-8, 31, 53-6, 59, 81, 102, barley 91-3, 106 105, 107 barrow 12, 28-30, 37-8, 40, 80, 84, 86, 88, 97, Cotswold Water Park 48-9, 81 99-100, 109-10 Cotswolds 6, 30-1, 77, 82, 89, 97, 99, 101-2, 104 round 5, 12, 29-30, 97, 100, 109 crab apple 7, 89-90, 99 basketry 28, 99 cropmarks 5-6, 107, 109-10 Beaker 6, 10, 15, 27-31, 33, 37, 39-40, 43, 59, 100-2 crops 92, 94, 106 burials 29-30, 40, 43, 80, 97, 99-101, 106, 109 crow 14-15, 77, 83, 105 Beeches, Cirencester, the 5, 31, 102, 107 bird bones 37, 75, 99 deer Birdlip, Gloucestershire 49, 104, 107 red 7, 27, 40, 75, 77-8, 83, 99 Bishop's Cannings, Wiltshire 80 roe 40-1, 77-8, 83 Bishop's Cleeve, Gloucestershire 104-5 deities 83-4 bone objects ditch 6, 10, 15, 17-25, 31, 37, 39-40, 43, 48-9, 53-6, awls 36, 38, 40, 99 58-60, 64-7, 80-2, 92-4, 100-1, 104-9 pins 7, 36-8, 40-1, 99-100 boundary 6, 22, 88, 104-5, 107 spatulae 7, 37, 40, 99 extensions 23, 105 Boscombe Down, Wiltshire 37, 101 L-shaped 22, 25 boundary burials 108-9 late Iron Age/early Roman 88, 107 burial 6, 10-11, 15, 17, 19, 25, 27-9, 31, 40-3, 54, segment 19, 23 64-9, 80-1, 100-2, 105, 107-9 terminus 15, 19, 105 cremation 25, 44, 68-9, 92, 102, 106, 108-9 Ditches, Gloucestershire 55-6, 81-2, 109 crouched 43, 102 dock 90-3 infant 15, 66, 108 dog 7, 14, 69, 75, 77-8, 83-4, 99, 105 inhumation 10, 29, 44, 102, 107-8 Duntisbourne Grove, Gloucestershire 56, 107 Iron Age 66-7 Durrington Walls, Wiltshire 28, 37-8, 40, 97, 99 butchery marks 78, 80-2 early Bronze Age 10-12, 43, 84, 88 cattle 7, 10, 15, 27, 30, 40, 75-84, 99-100, 102, 104, early Iron Age 6, 49, 92, 102, 104 106 early Roman 22-3, 37, 48-9, 51, 53, 59-60, 63, 75-6, ceramic building material 59, 73 79, 81-2, 106, 110 cereal 7, 89-94, 99, 106, 109 earthworks 6, 19, 108-9 chalklands 44-5, 89, 100-1 emmer 91-4 charcoal 7, 10, 14-15, 19, 23, 30, 66, 89, 97 enclosure 5-6, 15-17, 19, 23, 25, 49, 51, 55, 58, 82, charred plant remains 7, 84, 88-9, 91-4, 97, 99, 104 86, 102, 104-9 childhood 10, 44-5 environment 76, 81, 84, 106 Churn, river 1, 6, 102 environmental samples 68, 84, 89-93, 106 Cirencester 1-2, 6, 30-4, 36, 38, 48-50, 54-6, 58-60, Ermin Street 49, 56, 108

121 Cirencester before Corinium evaluation, archaeological 6, 10, 26, 29, 43, 95 late Iron Age 15, 22-3, 25, 49, 51, 53, 60, 63-5, 67, excavation area 1, 6-7, 81, 105 75-6, 82-3, 88-9, 92, 97, 104-7, 110 excavations, earlier 94, 107 environmental samples 89, 106 exchange 102, 109 inhabitants 106, 109 pottery 15, 17, 23, 47, 106 Fairford, Gloucestershire 27, 60, 105 settlement 107, 109 farmland 107-9 late Iron Age/early Roman 19, 50, 52, 60, 63-4, 75, field boundaries 25-6 81, 93 filleting 80, 82-3 late Neolithic 7-8, 15, 27, 34-6, 38-40, 75-6, 84, 88-9, fired clay 38, 59-60, 66 97, 99, 101-2 flint 27-31, 33-8, 40, 47-9, 97, 99-100, 102 late Roman 63, 75-6, 79 assemblages 33, 35-6, 99 Lechlade, Gloucestershire 27-31, 40, 101, 104 from chalk 33-4, 36 limestone bedrock 7, 17, 25 core 30, 33-6, 54 litter or bier 25, 108 core rejuvenation tablets 33-4 livestock 81, 92, 105-7 flakes 15, 29-30, 33-7 microliths 33-5 meat 44, 76-8, 81-3, 102, 106, 109 patination 33-4 medieval 26, 71 scrapers 7, 30, 33-6, 38, 99 middle Bronze Age 6, 10, 12, 80-1, 102 trimming flakes 33-4 Middle Duntisbourne, Gloucestershire 6, 56, 81, waste flakes 33, 35-6 107, 109 flots 84, 89-91, 93 middle Iron Age 13-15, 49, 51, 60, 64, 83, 91-2, 97, fodder 92, 104, 109 104, 107 Fosse Way 108-10 pits 63, 83, 89, 92, 104-6 fossiliferous limestones 5, 33 sites 48-9, 104 Frocester, Gloucestershire 31, 60 Mount Farm, Dorchester-upon-Thames 102, 107 game 75, 78, 83-4 nails, iron 25, 63-5, 68 glass 74, 102 Neolithic 13, 39, 63, 65, 75, 77-80, 84, 88-9, 97, 99, Gloucester 27, 29-30, 55 101-2, 104, 106 glume pits 7, 9-10, 15, 36, 40, 84, 89, 97, 106, 109 base 91-3 sites 38, 78, 80 goat 7, 13, 75, 77, 83, 104, 106 nutshell 7, 10, 36, 89-90, 92-3, 95 goosefoot 90-3 grain, charred 15, 105 oat 91-3 grasses 91-3, 106, 108 oppidum, Bagendon/Ditches 55, 108-9 grassland 84, 86, 89, 106 osteoarthritis 43, 67, 69 graves 10, 12, 15, 17-19, 25, 27, 29, 31, 42-4, 63-5, oven 59-60 67-8, 81, 94, 100-1, 108 grazing 77, 88 pathologies 42-4, 66-7, 76, 80, 83 gully 6, 15, 17, 20-2, 26, 54, 67 periodontal disease 42-3 pig 7, 10, 15, 27, 30, 37-8, 75-81, 83-4, 99, 106 hammerstone 7, 28, 30, 37, 39, 60, 62 pits 6-7, 13-15, 22-3, 27-31, 33-41, 48-9, 54, hazelnut shells 7, 30, 89-90, 93, 99, 102 59-60, 62-5, 83-4, 88-9, 94, 97, 99-100, 102, head and hooves burial 80, 83, 100 104-7 henge 31, 99, 101 deep 13, 104 hobnails 25, 63-5 intercutting 22-3 Horcott, Gloucestershire 27, 30-1, 36, 49, 62, 76-7, quarry 25, 106 88, 101-2 storage 83, 104-5 horn core 75, 77 ploughing 25, 72, 94, 105, 109 horse 7, 75, 77, 79, 83, 106, 109 post-medieval 26, 65, 71-2, 76 human remains 1, 10, 42-3, 66-8, 80, 100-1 postholes 10, 15-18, 21-3, 25, 27, 30, 49, 58, 64, 66, 104-5, 107 iron objects 1, 63-5 potters 31, 53, 55, 97 isotopes 10, 44-5, 78, 101 pottery 6-7, 13-15, 17, 19, 22-3, 25, 27, 31, 33-8, 40, 47-56, 58, 71-2, 102, 104-7, 109-10 Kingshill North Black-burnished wares 50, 54 housing development 1, 5 bowl 49, 59, 72-3 inhabitants of 108-10 Chinese porcelain 71-2 topography 1, 5, 97 flint-tempered wares 47-50 Kingshill South 6, 109 fossil shell 28, 31, 47, 99 grey ware 19, 23, 25, 50, 53-6, 106

122 Index

grog-tempered 15, 17, 19, 22-3, 25, 47-51, 53-4, Shorncote Quarry, Gloucestershire 29, 31, 49, 102 56, 58-9, 106-7 shrub 90-1, 93 Grooved Ware 6, 27-8, 31, 33-40, 97, 99-102 skeleton 10, 15, 17, 29, 42-4, 65-7, 84, 94-5, 105, 108 jars 15, 17, 51-4, 58-9, 72, 105 skinning 80, 82 limestone-tempered wares 19, 22-3, 25, 31, 47- slag 64-6 51, 59 snails, land 84-8, 90, 106 Malvernian 19, 23, 47-8, 50-1, 53, 55-6, 58-9 spikelet fork 91, 93-4 medieval 26, 71 status 43, 55-6, 67, 80, 100, 108-10 middle Iron Age 47-9, 51 stone ovoid vessel 49, 51 pendant 37, 39 perforations 27, 59-60, 62 weight 60, 62-3 post-medieval 71-2, 100 stone objects 15, 28, 36-9, 60-3 samian wares 50, 55-6, 58 structures 15, 17, 22, 54, 105, 107-8 Savernake 19, 22-3, 25, 50-1, 53-4, 56, 59, 105 Severn Valley 19, 22, 50, 53, 55-6, 59 teeth 10, 13, 42-4, 63, 67, 69, 80, 83 supply 55, 106 Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire 30-1 white wares 50, 55-6 Thames Valley 28, 40, 82, 97, 107 pyre 25, 65, 68-9, 108 tools, stone 34-6, 60 topsoil 1, 34-5, 65, 71-3 quern 22, 60, 62, 83, 106 trade 81, 84, 109 tradition 27, 55, 97, 105, 108 radiocarbon dating 7, 10, 15, 17, 36, 83, 94-5, 97, trees 90-1, 93, 99, 106 100-2, 104-8 tuber 7, 93 Radley, Oxfordshire 28, 38, 40, 80, 88, 97, 99-101 Ring-ditch 10, 86 Upper Thames Valley 1, 6, 19, 28-30, 48, 84, 88, 97, rite, burial 67, 100, 102, 108 99, 101-2, 104, 108 Roman 25, 39, 47, 53, 60, 74-5, 82-3, 94, 97, 105-8, 110 villa, Roman 6, 55, 94, 109 Roughground Farm, Gloucestershire 28, 30-1, 36, 40, 101-2, 104 wear on objects 39, 42, 60, 62-3, 77 roundhouses 15, 104-5, 107-8 wheat 91-4, 106 willow, bark of 28, 99 settlement 54, 56, 58, 67, 75, 78, 82, 88, 102, 106-10 Woodhenge, Wiltshire 28, 38 sheep 7, 13, 15, 27, 40, 69, 75, 77-83, 104, 106-7 woodland 38, 81, 83-4, 88-9, 97, 106 shells 15, 19, 28, 31, 48, 73, 84 wool 77, 81-3, 106, 109 shoes 25, 65, 108

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