PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH. 113(4), 2011, pp. 451–491

DORYCTINAE (: ) OF KONZA PRAIRIE EXCLUDING OF HALIDAY

ROBERT R. KULA AND PAUL M. MARSH

(RRK) Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Plant Sciences Institute, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, c/o National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013-7012, U.S.A. (e-mail: [email protected]); (PMM) P.O. Box 384, North Newton, Kansas 67117, U.S.A. (e-mail: [email protected])

Abstract.—The results of a survey of (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), excluding species of Heterospilus Haliday, at Konza Prairie near Manhattan, Kansas are reported. Eleven sites representing prairie and woodland/wetland areas, includ- ing gallery forest, were sampled in 2001 and 2005 using Malaise and canopy traps. Topographic trap placement included lowland, midslope, and upland areas. Twenty- four species were collected, including 18 in 2001 and 16 in 2005. Twenty-three of the 24 species were collected from the woodland/wetland sites, including 19 from gallery forest sites; five of the 24 species were collected from the prairie sites. Rhaconotus fasciatus (Ashmead) was the most abundant species in 2001 (n 5 13); Callihormius bifasciatus (Ashmead) and Coiba jeffersoni Kula were the most abundant species in 2005 (n 5 10). The following new species are described: Doryctes xanthogaster Kula and Marsh, Doryctes xanthosoma Kula and Marsh, Doryctinus zolnerowichi Kula and Marsh, and Pambolidea dollari Kula and Marsh. Glyptocolastes caryae (Ashmead), status revised is removed from synon- ymy with Glyptocolastes rugulosus (Cresson), the type species for Doryctinus Roman. The latter species is transferred to Acrophasmus Enderlein, resulting in Acrophasmus as a new synonym of Doryctinus. Synonymy of the aforementioned genera results in the following nomenclatural changes: Doryctinus amazonicus (Roman), new combination; Doryctinus arizonensis (Marsh), new combination; Doryctinus atriventris (Cresson), new combination; Doryctinus butleri (Marsh), new combination; Doryctinus costaricensis (Marsh), new combination; Doryctinus erugatus (Marsh), new combination; Doryctinus exilis (Enderlein), new combi- nation; Doryctinus ferrugineus (Marsh), new combination; Doryctinus gauldi (Marsh), new combination; Doryctinus immigrans (Beardsley), new combination; Doryctinus maeandrius (Enderlein), new combination; Doryctinus marshi Green- baum, revised combination; Doryctinus rubronotum (Marsh), new combination; Doryctinus rugulosus (Cresson), revised combination; Doryctinus scobiciae (Marsh), new combination; and Doryctinus secundus (Muesebeck and Walkley), new combination. Doryctes infuscus Marsh is a new synonym of Doryctes rufipes (Provancher), Pioscelus wichitus (Viereck) is a new synonym of Pioscelus borealis (Ashmead), and Rhaconotus graciliformis (Viereck) is a new synonym of R. fasciatus. The following species are first records for Kansas: C. bifasciatus, Dendrosoter sulcatus Muesebeck, D. rufipes, D. ferrugineus, Ecphylus hypothenemi Ashmead, Ecphylus rohweri Muesebeck, Ontsira mellipes (Ashmead), and Rhaconotus canadensis Marsh. 452 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Key Words: biodiversity, conservation, Flint Hills, gallery forest, Great Plains, Kansas, Nearctic, tallgrass prairie DOI: 10.4289/0013-8797.113.4.451

Tallgrass prairie is one of the most a survey of braconid wasps, the second threatened ecosystems in North America richest family of Hymenoptera (Sharkey (Flores 1996). It occupied an estimated 1993), for six tallgrass prairies located 68,371,000 hectares prior to European in Illinois, Kansas, and Missouri; Konza settlement; ; 4% of presettlement tall- Prairie was among the prairies surveyed. grass prairie remains (Samson and Knopf The sampling protocol at Konza Prairie 1994). The largest contiguous tracts of consisted of two Malaise traps operating remaining tallgrass prairie occur in the one week each month in June, July, and Flint Hills of the Great Plains (Knapp and August. Samples taken at Konza Prairie Seastedt 1998). Konza Prairie, a 3,487- yielded 86 species; richness was higher hectare preserve located near Manhattan, at Konza Prairie than the other prairies Kansas in the Flint Hills, is one of the sampled. However, Whitfield and Lewis largest tallgrass prairies in North America (2001) stated that they had sampled the (Steinauer and Collins 1996). tallgrass prairie braconid fauna incom- The flora of Konza Prairie has been pletely. surveyed extensively, and 576 vascular A long-term sampling program plant species have been recorded (Towne focused on wasps was carried 2002). Conversely, the insect fauna of out at Konza Prairie from 2001 – 2006. Konza Prairie is poorly known (taxa Braconidae is a focal group for the survey listed in datasets at http://www.konza.ksu. because the previous survey was incom- edu/). Only aquatic macroinvertebrates plete, and it is the richest hymenopteran (list compiled by K. Fritz and D. Stagliano) family used extensively for biocontrol and species of Acrididae (list compiled (Greathead 1986). Additionally, seminat- by A. Joern) have been documented ural ecosystems (e.g., remnant prairie) thoroughly. A list of 303 terrestrial insect can harbor and potential pest species known from Konza Prairie was that feed on nearby agricultural commod- compiled in 1995 as a result of sweep net ities (e.g., wheat stem maggot, wheat stem sampling to survey acridids (E. Evans and sawfly) (Allen and Painter 1937, Ivie P. Fay pers. comm.). Only five species were 2001); they can also harbor alternative listed for Hymenoptera (all Apoidea), one hosts and other resources important for of the largest insect orders with > 115,000 parasitoid wasps successfully controlling described species worldwide (Gaston those insects. Management of seminatural 1993). Approximately 54% of described ecosystems near agricultural commodities species of Hymenoptera are parasitoid can increase the efficacy of parasitoid wasps (Grissell 1999); parasitoid wasps wasps for controlling target pests (Landis are not on the list, so they were either not et al. 2000); documenting the wasp fauna sampled or sampled but not identified. in those areas is an essential first step in un- Whitfield and Lewis (2001) carried out derstanding how management strategies

* Accepted by Michael W. Gates VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 453 influence wasp populations. This article data for all trap locations can be found in documents the species of Doryctinae at the specimens examined sections except Konza Prairie excluding those in Hetero- for 2C (39°04.1679N, 96°34.9169W) since spilus Haliday. It is the first in a series of that watershed did not yield specimens articles inventorying and characterizing of Doryctinae. Watersheds with codes the diversity of Braconidae at Konza beginning in the letter N are open to Bison Prairie. bison L. (American bison). Numbers in the codes refer to return intervals for MATERIALS AND METHODS prescribed burning in the spring, and let- Specimens from Konza Prairie were ters after numbers in the codes refer to collected using Townes style Malaise replicates of the same treatment. For ex- traps and a canopy trap from Sante Traps ample, N4C is open to American bison, (Lexington, Kentucky). Traps were placed has a burn return frequency of four years, in the following 10 watersheds: N2B, and is replicate C of that treatment. N4C, SpB, 4B, 4F, 2C, 2D, 20B, 20C, and Watershed SpB is replicate B of a wa- N1A (Fig. 1). Global Positioning System tershed burned in annually in April. A

Fig. 1. Map of Konza Prairie showing configuration of watersheds and locations of traps used to sample specimens for this study. Red dot = sampling site. 454 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON trap was also placed in a gallery forest associated with either a stream or a spring associated with the north branch of Kings and thus are also classified as placed in Creek, an intermittent stream. The trap in wetland habitat. N1A was also placed in gallery forest Samples were collected once or twice/ associated with the north branch of Kings week depending on the rate that insect Creek. Details on historical management biomass accumulated in collection bottles and other data associated with the afore- at particular times in the sampling period. mentioned watersheds are available at Occasionally, the time period for samples http://www.konza.ksu.edu/. was more than one week because traps Table 1 includes the beginning sam- were inaccessible due to inclement weather. pling date, number of continuous sam- Specimens were dehydrated using pling days, and topographic placement either a tousimis critical point dryer for each trap used to collect specimens (Rockville, Maryland) or hexamethyldi- for this study. Trap placement was based silazane (HMDS) as in Heraty and Hawks primarily on accessibility. Consideration (1998); they were examined using a Leica was given to sampling a broad range of Wild M10 stereomicroscope with 253 treatments applied to watersheds at Konza oculars. Specimens were identified to Prairie, as well as sampling lowland, using Marsh (1997) and to species midslope, and upland areas since they dif- using keys and diagnoses listed in entries fer floristically (Towne 2002). The Malaise for the relevant genera and species in trap used to sample in gallery forest was Yu et al. (2005). Specimens of placed in a lowland area on the north bank Nees were identified to species using Marsh of Kings Creek. The canopy trap used to and Strazanac (2009). Information in sample in gallery forest was hung directly Deyrup (1979) was used to differentiate under the canopy on the south bank of Spathius matthewsi Deyrup and Spathius Kings Creek running through N1A. Towne trifasciatus Riley since the latter species (2002) designated habitat categories in was not included in Marsh and Strazanac which the vascular plants of Konza Prairie (2009). Additionally, holotypes for species occur; the habitat category in which each of Doryctinae at Konza Prairie and their trap was placed is indicated in Table 1. junior synonyms were examined if they All traps placed in woodland habitat were were available at the Smithsonian Institution

Table 1. Watershed sampled, date on which sampling started, number of continuous sampling days, topographic placement, and habitat category based on Towne (2002) for each trap used to collect specimens of Doryctinae at Konza Prairie. Codes for watersheds are explained in the materials and methods. KC = Kings Creek, Wt = watershed.

Wt Code Start Date Sampling Days Placement Habitat

N2B 9.v.2001 195 lowland woodland/wetland N4C 1.v.2001 203 midslope prairie SpB 15.v.2001 175 upland prairie 4B 25.iv.2001 209 midslope prairie 4F 1.v.2001 203 lowland prairie 2C 5.v.2005 173 upland prairie 2D 5.v.2005 173 lowland prairie 20B 5.v.2005 173 lowland woodland/wetland 20C 5.v.2005 173 lowland woodland/wetland KC 27.iv.2001 207 lowland woodland/wetland N1A 5.v.2005 173 canopy woodland/wetland VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 455

National Museum of Natural History, between the ventral margin of the eye and Washington, DC (USNM). Authoritatively themiddleoftheventralmarginofthemalar determined specimens (mostly by C. F. W. space. Maximum length was measured for Muesebeck and P. M. Marsh, both for- penultimate maxillary palpomere; T2+T3 merly Systematic Entomology Labora- mesally; and forewing veins 1CUa, 1cu-a, tory) for all species of Doryctinae at Konza 2RS, 1m-cu, 3RSa, and r-m. The exposed Prairie are available at the USNM and were portion of the ovipositor was measured examined. All specimens of Doryctinae ventrally to estimate ovipositor length. from the survey reported in Whitfield and Abbreviations used in diagnoses and Lewis (2001) were borrowed from the descriptions are as in Kula (2009) with University of Arkansas Museum the following additions: malar space height (UAAM) and examined. (MSH), penultimate maxillary palpomere Terminology for morphological features length (PMPL), forewing vein length (i.e., and setation largely follows Sharkey and 1CUa L, 1cu-a L, 3RSa L, r-m L, 2RS L, Wharton (1997). Pronotal collar, pronotal 1m-cu L), and exposed ovipositor length groove, and subalar groove are as in Marsh (EOL). Species distributions were consid- (2002); posterior mesopleural furrow is as ered at the level of states and provinces and in Kula (2003). Terminology for surface are presented as in Kula et al. (2009); first sculpture primarily follows Harris (1979), records for Kansas are indicated with an but Sharkey and Wharton (1997) and asterisk. Abbreviations for museums and Marsh (2002) were also consulted. Cren- collections follow Evenhuis (2010). The ulate is as in Sharkey and Wharton (1997); material examined sections are formatted carinae and areas of the propodeum are as as in Kula (2009). in Marsh (2002); and area petiolaris is Scanning electron micrographs were as in Matthews (1970). Color is described captured using an environmental scanning exactly as it appeared at the time of ex- electron microscope as in Kula et al. amination. When a range of intraspecific (2009). Habitus images were obtained variation is reported for qualitative data, using a Visionary Digital imaging system. the most common condition is the first The system consists of an Infinity Optics mentioned. Composite ranges of quantita- K2 long distance microscope affixed to tive ratios are presented for several species a Canon EOS 40D digital SLR camera. in the diagnoses for Doryctes erythromelas A Dynalite M2000er power pack and (Brulle´), Doryctes rufipes (Provancher), and Microptics ML1000 light box provided Ecphylus rohweri Muesebeck; the range for illumination. Image capture software is each species contributing to a composite Visionary Digital’s proprietary application range is provided in parentheses. with images saved as TIF with the RAW Measurements were taken with an ocu- conversion occurring in Adobe Photoshop lar micrometer as in Wharton (1977) with Lightroom 1.4. Image stacks were mon- the following additions and modifications. taged with Helicon Focus 4.2.1. Final Tergum 1 (T1) length is the maximum image plates were prepared using Adobe length of T1 in lateral view, and T1 width InDesign CS4. is the width of the posterior edge of T1 Host associations for the species treated in dorsal view. Thorax length and thorax hereinweresummarizedinYuetal.(2005). height are referred to as mesosoma length An exhaustive assessment of the validity of and mesosoma height, respectively. Meso- host associations for species of Doryctinae notal width is referred to as mesoscutal at Konza Prairie is beyond the scope of width. Malar space height is the distance this article. Published host associations 456 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON not reported in Yu et al. (2005) are sum- their survey; 10 of those were undetermined marized for each species, but the validity species of Heterospilus, and one was Rha- of each association is unverified. conotus fasciatus (Ashmead) misidentified as Rhoptrocentrus piceus Marshall. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Within Konza Prairie species richness Diversity of Doryctinae at Konza Prairie (Table 2) was highest and lowest at the Kings Creek site (n = 16) and the N4C A total of 127 specimens of Doryctinae, site (n = 1), respectively, in 2001; it was excluding specimens of Heterospilus, highest and lowest at the N1A site (n = 11) representing 24 species were collected and the 2C site (n = 0), respectively, in (Table 2). Eighteen species were collected in 2001; 16 species were collected in 2005. 2005. Seventeen and five species were Four species of Doryctinae were reported collected from the woodland/wetland from Konza Prairie previously: Pioscelus sites and the prairie sites, respectively, borealis (Ashmead) (as Pioscelus wichitus in 2001. Sixteen and one species were (Viereck)) and three undetermined spe- collected from the woodland/wetland cies of Heterospilus (Whitfield and Lewis sites and the prairie sites, respectively, 2001). Additionally, Whitfield and Lewis in 2005, although sampling in 2005 was (2001) reported 15 species of Doryctinae biased toward woodland/wetland sites. from the six tallgrass prairies sampled in The gallery forest sites alone yielded 16

Table 2. Richness and abundance for species of Doryctinae, excluding species of Heterospilus, sampled at Konza Prairie in 2001 and 2005. Codes for watersheds are explained in the materials and methods. KC = Kings Creek, Wt = watershed, 01 = 2001, 05 = 2005, * = woodland/wetland site, † = gallery forest site.

Species N2B* N4C SpB 4B 4F KC*† 01 2C 2D 20B* 20C* N1A*† 05

Callihormius bifasciatus (Ashmead) 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 10 10 Coiba jeffersoni Kula 2 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 2 0 8 10 Dendrosoter sulcatus Muesebeck 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Doryctes erythromelas (Brulle´)0000011001056 Doryctes rufipes (Provancher) 0 0 0 0 0 6 6 0 0 1 0 2 3 Doryctes xanthogaster Kula and Marsh, n. sp. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Doryctes xanthosoma Kula and Marsh, n. sp. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 Doryctinus atriventris (Cresson), n. comb. 1 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 3 Doryctinus ferrugineus Marsh, n. comb. 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Doryctinus zolnerowichi Kula and Marsh, n. sp. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 Ecphylus hypothenemi Ashmead 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 7 8 Ecphylus kansensis Marsh 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 Ecphylus rohweri Muesebeck 0 0 0 0 0 12 12 0 0 0 0 3 3 Glyptocolastes caryae (Ashmead), stat. rev. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Leluthia astigma (Ashmead) 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 0 4 4 Ontsira mellipes (Ashmead) 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Pambolidea dollari Kula and Marsh, n. sp. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 Pioscelus borealis (Ashmead) 0 0 0 1 1 4 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 Rhaconotus canadensis Marsh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 Rhaconotus fasciatus (Ashmead) 6 2 1 1 1 2 13 0 1 5 3 0 9 Spathius elegans Matthews 0 0 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 Spathius laflammei Provancher 0 0 1 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 Spathius marshi Matthews 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Spathius trifasciatus Riley 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Richness 3 1 2 3 3 16 18 0 1 7 3 11 16 VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 457 of 18 and 11 of 16 species collected in North Carolina, Texas, Virginia, and West 2001 and 2005, respectively. That more Virginia (Yu et al. 2005). species were collected in 2001 from the Specimens from Konza Prairie.—All woodland/wetland sites, particularly the U.S.A., KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza Prairie gallery forest site, than the prairie sites Biological Station; 1 ♂ Kings Creek, despite sampling twice as many prairie 39°06.209N96°35.779W, 20.viii. – 27.viii.2001, sites is not surprising considering that Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Malaise trap most species of Doryctinae are parasit- 2001-019; 1 ♀ same data as previous except oids of wood-boring larvae (Marsh 30.x. – 6.xi.2001, Malaise trap 2001-079; 1997). Samples from 2005 yielded the 1 ♀ 1 ♂ watershed N1A, 39°05.7479N same pattern of high richness at woodland/ 96°35.3269W, 5.v. – 9.v.2005, Zolnerowich wetland sites, particularly the gallery forest & Kula, canopy trap 2005-005; 1 ♀ same site, relative to prairie sites. Rhaconotus data as previous except 22.v. – 27.v.2005, fasciatus was the most abundant (Table 2) canopy trap 2005-020; 2 ♀ same data as species in 2001 (n = 13); Callihormius previous except 4.vi. – 13.vi.2005, canopy bifasciatus (Ashmead) and Coiba jeffersoni trap 2005-030; 1 ♀ same data as previous Kula were the most abundant species in except 13.vii. – 20.vii.2005, canopy trap 2005 (n = 10). Seven of the 18 (38.9%) and 2005-055; 1 ♀ same data as previous 16 (43.8%) species collected in 2001 and except 20.vii. – 30.vii.2005, canopy trap 2005, respectively, were singletons. Results 2005-060; 1 ♂ same data as previous of a comprehensive analysis of the patterns except 30.vii. – 9.viii.2005, canopy trap of biodiversity for all braconids at Konza 2005-065; 1 ♂ same data as previous Prairie will be reported after the entire except 16.viii. – 26.viii.2005, canopy trap family has been surveyed. 2005-075; 1 ♀ same data as previous except 21.ix. – 30.ix.2005, canopy trap 2005-095 Callihormius bifasciatus (Ashmead) (4 ♀ 2 ♂ KSUC, 4 ♀ 2 ♂ USNM). (Fig. 2) Discussion.—When one groove is pres- Pambolus bifasciatus Ashmead, 1892: ent in Nearctic species of Callihormius, 290 [USNM, examined]. it likely represents the point where T2 and Callihormius bifasciatus: Ashmead 1900: T3 fused. However, transverse grooves on + 148 [generic combination]. T2 T3 are difficult to interpret in C. bi- fasciatus. All three grooves are anterior Diagnosis.—Callihormius bifasciatus has to the spiracle on T3. The anterior-most two or three transverse grooves on T2+T3; groove is the most weakly defined of the all other Nearctic species of Callihormius three, and considering the position of the Ashmead have one transverse groove on grooves, it is likely the one that is absent T2+T3. Callihormius bifasciatus females in specimens with two grooves. have T1 wider than long, with T1L 0.77 – 0.903 T1W; females of all other Nearctic Coiba jeffersoni Kula species of Callihormius have T1 longer (Fig. 3) 3 than wide, with T1L 1.06 – 1.68 T1W. Coiba jeffersoni Kula, 2009: 188 [USNM, — Host associations. No host associa- examined]. tions have been reported beyond those listed in Yu et al. (2005). Diagnosis.—Kula (2009) provided a key Distribution.—U.S.A.: California, Dis- and table of diagnostic features for differen- trict of Columbia, *Kansas, Louisiana, tiating all described species of Coiba Marsh. 458 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Figs. 2 – 4. Species of Doryctinae, lateral habitus, scale bars = 1.00 mm. 2, Callihormius bifasciatus; 3, Coiba jeffersoni;4,Dendrosoter sulcatus. VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 459

Host associations.—The host is un- await the discovery of additional speci- known, but label data on specimens in the mens, particularly females, to describe USNM indicate Juglans nigra L. (black this species. walnut), Carya ovata (Mill.) K. Koch Quercus macrocarpa Michx. (bur oak) (shagbark hickory), and Quercus L. (oak) and Quercus muehlenbergii Engelm. as host plants (Kula 2009). (chinquapin oak) are considered common, Distribution.—MEXICO: Sonora; and J. nigra is considered occasional, in U.S.A.: Arizona, Indiana, Kansas, North woodlands at Konza Prairie. Carya ovata Carolina, and Virginia (Kula 2009). has not been reported from Konza Prairie, Specimens from Konza Prairie.—All but Carya cordiformis (Wangenh.) K. U.S.A., KANSAS, Konza Prairie Biologi- Koch (bitternut hickory) is considered cal Station; 1 ♀ Riley Co., Kings Creek, infrequent in woodlands at Konza Prairie 39°06.209N96°35.779W, 4.ix. – 11.ix.2001, (Towne 2002). Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Malaise trap 2001-031; 2 ♀ Riley Co., watershed Dendrosoter sulcatus Muesebeck N2B, 39°05.279N96°35.099W, 11.xi. – (Figs. 4 – 5, 7) 18.xi.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Dendrosoter sulcatus Muesebeck, 1938: ♂ Malaise trap 2001-036; 1 Riley 284 [USNM, examined]. Co., watershed N1A, 39°05.7479N 96°35.3269W, 4.vi. – 13.vi.2005, Zolnerowich Diagnosis.—The notauli are incomplete & Kula, canopy trap 2005-030; 2 ♂ and terminate approximately at the middle same data as previous except 13.vi. – of the mesoscutum, and the mesoscutum 20.vi.2005, canopy trap 2005-035; 1 ♂ posteromesally has the same sculpture pat- same data as previous except 20.vi. – tern as the rest of the mesoscutum (Fig. 5) 27.vi.2005, canopy trap 2005-040; 1 ♂ in D. sulcatus; the notauli are complete and same data as previous except 27.vi. – 6. terminate into a rugose to areolate-rugose vii.2005, canopy trap 2005-045; 1 ♂ area (Fig. 6) in all other Nearctic species same data as previous except 6.vii. – 13. of Dendrosoter with one exception. The vii.2005, canopy trap 2005-050; 1 ♂ notauli are rarely (9.1%) incomplete same data as previous except 30.vii. – 9. and terminate approximately at the viii.2005, canopy trap 2005-065; 1 ♀ middle of the mesoscutum in Dendrosoter same data as previous except 16.viii. – 26. scaber Muesebeck. However, in D. sulca- viii.2005, canopy trap 2005-075; 1 ♂ Geary tus the scutellar disc is at most weakly Co., watershed 20B, 39°04.3329N convex (Fig. 7), T2 is usually (90.9%) 96°34.6379W, 27.vi. – 6.vii.2005, Zolner- smooth except a few rugosities antero- owich & Kula, Malaise trap 2005-042; 1 ♂ laterally, and T3 is smooth; in D. scaber same data as previous except 9.viii. – 16. the scutellar disc is strongly convex viii.2005, Malaise trap 2005-067 (2 ♀ 5 ♂ (Fig. 8), T2 is longitudinally carinulate KSUC, 2 ♀ 4 ♂ USNM). to costate (often [63.6%] interspersed Discussion.—A male specimen of with rugulose or rugose sculpture), and Coiba likely representing an undescribed T3 is at least partially longitudinally species was collected using a canopy trap carinate to carinulate (rarely [10.0%] in- in watershed N1A. The specimen is in terspersed with rugulose sculpture) or the USNM; the date of collection was aciculate. “12.ix.-21.ix.2005” from sample num- Host associations.—No host associa- ber “2005-090.” The specimen bears the tions have been reported beyond those label “Coiba n. sp. det. Kula 2010.” We listed in Yu et al. (2005). 460 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Figs. 5–8. Species of Dendrosoter.5,Dendrosoter sulcatus, mesoscutum, arrow = notaulus; 6, Dendrosoter scolytivorus, mesoscutum, arrow = notaulus; 7, D. sulcatus, scutellar disc (arrow); 8, Dendrosoter scaber, scutellar disc (arrow).

Distribution.—AUSTRALIA; U.S.A.: Specimens from Konza Prairie.—U.S. Alabama, Arkansas, District of Columbia, A., KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza Prairie Florida, Georgia, *Kansas, Louisiana, Biological Station, 1♀ watershed 4F, Mississippi, New York, North Carolina, 39°04.379N96°34.269W, 17.vii. – 20.vii.2001, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia, and Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Malaise trap Wisconsin (Yu et al. 2005). (KSUC). VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 461

Doryctes erythromelas (Brulle´) (0.85–1.12),D. rufipes (0.88–1.01), (Fig. 9) Doryctes slossonae Marsh (0.96 – 1.07), Syngaster erythromelas Brulle´, 1846: 458 Doryctes xanthogaster Kula and Marsh, [MNHN, not examined]. new species (0.95), and Doryctes xantho- Doryctes erythromelas: Hopkins 1892: 259 soma Kula and Marsh, new species 3 [generic combination]. (0.89). Tergum 1 length is 1.84 – 2.15 3 Doryctes apacheus Viereck, (1907) 1908: and 1.49 – 1.77 T1W in Doryctes mac- 383 [SEMC, not examined]. Synony- rocaudus Marsh and Doryctes pacificus mized in Marsh (1969). (Provancher), respectively. Penultimate Bracon disjunctus Cresson, 1872: 186 maxillary palpomere length is 1.17 – 3 [USNM, examined]. Synonymized in 1.55 F1L in D. erythromelas;PMPL 3 Marsh (1969). is0.69–1.00 F1L in D. brachynervus Doryctes disjunctus: Blackman and Stage (0.69 – 0.90), D. buoculus (0.88 – 0.92), D. 1924: 162 [generic combination]. californicus (0.72 – 0.80), D. fartus (0.76 – Doryctes femur-rubrum Viereck, 1907 0.92), D. maculipennis (0.72 – 0.95), and (1908): 384 [SEMC, not examined]. D. xanthosoma (1.00). The PMPL:F1L > Synonymized in Marsh (1969). ratio can be 1.00 in D. anatolikus (0.79 – Bracon radiatus Cresson, 1872: 185 1.03), Doryctes eucrinus Marsh (0.83 – [ANSP, USNM; not examined]. Syn- 1.15), D. rufipes (0.83 – 1.08), D. slossonae onymized in Marsh (1969). (0.83 – 1.16), and D. xanthogaster (1.03) Doryctes radiatus: Chittenden 1893: 248 butislessthaninD. erythromelas.Addi- [generic combination]. tionally, D. erythromelas has 51 – 58 Syngaster rufiventris Brulle´, 1846: 458 flagellomeres; D. anatolikus has 36 – 44, [MNHN, not examined]. Synonymized D. brachynervus has36–40,D. californicus in Marsh (1969). has 36 – 46, D. eucrinus has 36 – 42, Doryctes rufiventris:Sze´pligeti 1904: 73 D. fartus has 36 – 50, D. macrocaudus [generic combination]. has 61 – 68, D. maculipennis has25–31, Syngaster rugosus Provancher, 1886: 122 D. rufipes has33–43,D. slossonae has [USNM, examined]. Synonymized in 31 – 39, D. xanthogaster has 42, and D. Muesebeck and Walkley (1951). xanthosoma has 35 (Marsh 1969). The Capitonius rugosus: Provancher 1888: 378 T1L:T1W ratio nearly overlaps for D. [generic combination]. erythromelas and D. pacificus; the PMPL: Cenocoelius rugosus: Marshall 1889: 188 F1L ratio and the number of flagellomeres [generic combination]. for the former species overlap with D. Doryctes rugosus: Nason 1905: 298 pacificus and Doryctes pyrrhus Marsh. [generic combination]. All tibiae are completely brown to black in D. erythromelas; they have a white band Diagnosis.—The following diagnosis at the base beginning where the tibia is based on females. Tergum 1 length is articulates with the femur in D. pacificus. 1.17 – 1.433 T1W in D. erythromelas; The head is brown to black with occasion- T1Lis0.79–1.123 T1W in Doryctes ally (25.0%) a brownish yellow patch anatolikus Marsh(0.89–1.08),Doryctes between the lateral ocellus and eye in D. brachynervus Marsh (0.88 – 1.07), erythromelas;itisyellowtoyellowish Doryctes buoculus Marsh(0.79–0.90), brown (may be irregularly yellow and Doryctes californicus Marsh (0.88 – brown) in D. pyrrhus. The mesonotum 0.98), Doryctes fartus (Provancher) (1.00 – is entirely brown in D. erythromelas;it 1.04), Doryctes maculipennis Rohwer is often (75.0%) yellow to yellowish 462 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Figs. 9–14. Species of Doryctes, scale bars = 1.00 mm. 9, Doryctes erythromelas, lateral habitus; 10, Doryctes rufipes, lateral habitus; 11, D. rufipes, head; 12, Doryctes eucrinus, head; 13, Doryctes xanthogaster, lateral habitus; 14, Doryctes xanthosoma, lateral habitus. brown (may be irregularly yellow and Host associations.—No host associa- brown) and occasionally (25.0%) en- tions have been reported beyond those tirely brown in D. pyrrhus. listed in Yu et al. (2005). VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 463

Distribution.—CANADA: Ontario and rufipes; PMPL is 1.17 – 1.773 F1L in D. Quebec; U.S.A.: Arizona, California, erythromelas (1.17 – 1.55) and D. mac- District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, rocaudus (1.49 – 1.71). Doryctes rufipes Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, has33–43flagellomeres;D. erythromelas Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Nevada, has 51 – 58, D. macrocaudus has 61 – 68, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, D. maculipennis has 25 – 31, D. pacificus Oregon,Texas,andWestVirginia(Yuetal. has 53 – 58, and D. pyrrhus has57–67 2005). (Marsh 1969). The eye is not unusually Specimens from Konza Prairie.—All large or small in D. rufipes, with MSH U.S.A., KANSAS, Konza Prairie Bio- 0.27 – 0.443 EH;itisunusuallysmallin logical Station; 1 ♀ Riley Co., Kings D. slossonae (MSH 0.45 – 0.563 EH) Creek, 39°06.209N96°35.779W, 1.vi. – and unusually large in D. buoculus 8.vi.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, (MSH 0.20 – 0.233 EH). The forewing Malaise trap; 1 ♀ Geary Co., watershed is entirely hyaline in D. rufipes;itismot- 20B, 39°04.3329N96°34.6379W, 5.v. – tled with fuscous spots in D. maculipennis 12.v.2005, Zolnerowich & Kula, Malaise and lightly infuscated in D. brachynervus trap 2005-002; 1 ♀ 3 ♂ Riley Co., watershed (see discussion), D. fartus, and D. xan- N1A, 39°05.7479N96°35.3269W, 5.v. – 9. thogaster. Tergum 1 is entirely brown in D. v.2005, canopy trap 2005-005; 1 ♀ same rufipes; it is entirely yellow to orange in data as previous except 9.v. – 17.v.2005, D. anatolikus, entirely yellow in D. cal- canopy trap 2005-010 (2 ♀ 2 ♂ KSUC, 2 ifornicus, and entirely brownish yellow in ♀ 1 ♂ USNM). D. xanthosoma. Host associations.—No host associa- Doryctes rufipes (Provancher) tions have been reported beyond those (Figs. 10 – 11) listed in Yu et al. (2005). — Phylax rufipes Provancher, 1880: 175 Distribution. CANADA: Alberta, [ULQC, not examined]. British Columbia, New Brunswick, Ontario, Zele rufipes: Cresson 1887: 231 [generic Quebec, and Saskatchewan; U.S.A.: combination]. Indiana, *Kansas, Maryland, Montana, Doryctes rufipes: Muesebeck and Walkley New Hampshire, New York, Oregon, 1951: 177 [generic combination]. Pennsylvania, Vermont, and West Virginia Doryctes infuscus Marsh, (1968) 1969: (Marsh 1969). — 394 [USNM, examined]. New synonym. Specimens from Konza Prairie. All U.S.A., KANSAS, Konza Prairie Bio- Diagnosis.—The following diagnosis logical Station; 1 ♀ Riley Co., Kings is based on females. Tergum 1 length is Creek, 39°06.209N96°35.779W, 27.iv. – 0.88 – 1.013 T1W in D. rufipes;T1L 1.v.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Ma- is 1.08 – 2.153 T1W in D. erythromelas laise trap; 1 ♂ same data as previous (1.17 – 1.43), D. eucrinus (1.08 – 1.66), except 9.v. – 11.v.2001; 1 ♂ same data D. macrocaudus (1.84 – 2.15), and D. as previous except 4.ix. – 11.ix.2001, pacificus (1.49 – 1.77). The head and Malaise trap 2001-031; 1 ♀ same data mesosoma of D. rufipes are setiferous, as previous except 18.ix. – 25.ix.2001, but the setae are not particularly long and Malaise trap 2001-043; 1 ♀ same data dense (Fig. 11); the head and mesosoma as previous except 23.x. – 30.x.2001, Ma- of D. eucrinus bear long, dense setae laise trap 2001-073; 1 ♂ same data as (Fig. 12). Penultimate maxillary palpo- previous except 30.x. – 6.xi.2001, Malaise mere length is 0.83 – 1.083 F1L in D. trap 2001-079; 1 ♂ Geary Co., watershed 464 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

20B, 39°04.3329N96°34.6379W, 5.v. – D. eucrinus, D. macrocaudus, D. pacificus, 12.v.2005, Zolnerowich & Kula, Malaise D. pyrrhus, D. slossonae, and D. buoculus trap 2005-002; 1 ♀ Riley Co., watershed using the diagnosis for D. rufipes.The N1A, 39°05.7479N96°35.3269W, 12.ix. – forewing is lightly infuscated and the 21.ix.2005, Zolnerowich & Kula, canopy flagellum has 42 flagellomeres in D. xan- trap 2005-090; 1 ♀ same data as pre- thogaster; the forewing is mottled with vious except 21.ix. – 30.ix.2005, can- fuscous spots and the flagellum has 25 – opy trap 2005-095 (3 ♀ 2 ♂ KSUC, 2 ♀ 31 flagellomeres in D. maculipennis.The 2 ♂ USNM). forewing is hyaline in D. californicus, D. Discussion.—Marsh (1969) differen- rufipes,andD. xanthosoma; the flagellum tiated D. infuscus from D. rufipes based has 35 flagellomeres in D. xanthosoma. on exposed ovipositor length for the Tergum 1 is brown with the posterior former ³ T2+T3 length. The degree to edge yellow in D. xanthogaster; it is en- which the ovipositor is exposed depends tirely yellow to orange in D. anatolikus, on the degree of telescoping of the gas- entirely yellow in D. californicus, and en- tral terga. When measured dorsally ex- tirely brownish yellow in D. xanthosoma. posed ovipositor length is 0.89 – 1.223 Forewing vein 3RSa length is 2.053 fore- T2+T3L in D. infuscus.However,the wing vein r-m length in D. xanthogaster; gastral terga are extended in the holotype the 3RSa:r-m ratio is 1.09 – 1.41 in D. and two paratypes of D. infuscus exam- brachynervus. All tibiae are brown with ined, and when examined ventrally the a white area at the base beginning where ovipositor is considerably longer than the tibia articulates with the femur in D. T2+T3. Aside from exposed ovipositor xanthogaster;thewhiteareaismostpro- length, the holotype of D. infuscus fits nounced on the metatibia. All tibiae are the definition of D. rufipes in Marsh entirely brown in D. brachynervus. — (1969); thus, D. infuscus Marsh, 1969 is a Description. Female (Fig. 13). Body 3 new synonym of D. rufipes (Provancher, length: 5.48 mm. Head: HL 0.75 HW, HW 1.123 TW, FW 1.583 FH, EL 0.793 1880). 3 3 A paratype of D. brachynervus with EH, MSH 0.30 EH, F1L 1.12 F2L, PMPL 1.033 F1L; antenna with 42 flag- label data “Pyramid Ranger Sta[tion] ellomeres, mandible with two teeth of Calif[ornia]” has the forewing hyaline, about equal length, malar space punctate, basolateral area of the propodeum ru- setiferous, malar suture present; clypeus gose, T1 brown with the posterior edge setiferous; face punctate, setiferous; frons yellow, and the gaster from the posterior smooth with punctations corresponding to edge of T3 – T8 yellowish brown. We setae, setiferous dorsolaterally and along consider the paratype a specimen of D. margin of eye but otherwise glabrous; eye rufipes based on those features; the spec- virtually glabrous; vertex, gena, and occi- imen bears a label with “Doryctes rufipes put smooth with punctations correspond- (Provancher) det. Kula 2010.” ing to setae, setiferous. 3 3 Kula and Mesosoma: ML 2.38 MW, ML 2.18 Doryctes xanthogaster 3 3 Marsh, new species MH, MW 0.92 MH, SSL 0.32 SSW; pronotal collar divided into smooth ante- (Fig. 13) rior and rugose posterior portions by Diagnosis.—The following diagnosis transverse carina, anterior portion setif- is based on females. Doryctes xanthogaster erous along margins, posterior portion can be differentiated from D. erythromelas, swollen mesally and uniformly setiferous, VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 465 swelling not depressed mesally, pronope ovipositor bearing minute teeth ventrally; absent, lateral portion of pronotum with T1 areolate-rugose with most carinae ground sculpture areolate-rugose, setif- longitudinal, setiferous, dorsope present; erous but setation in crenulate pronotal T2 costate-rugose, T3 with roughly ante- groove not as dense as rest of lateral rior 1/2 costate and roughly posterior 1/2 portion; notauli terminating at about smooth, T4 – T7 smooth, T8 strigulate middle of mesoscutum into broad are- anteriorly and punctate posteriorly; T2 – olate-rugose area containing longitudi- T7 setiferous with setae in no apparent nal groove that runs from transscutal pattern, T8 anterior 1/2 glabrous and pos- articulation slightly beyond point where terior 1/2 setiferous. notauli terminate, crenulate; mesoscutal Color: Head (excluding mouthparts midpit absent; mesoscutum (excluding and antenna) brown except clypeus or- areolate-rugose area posteromesally, lat- angish brown and narrow band along eral margin, and notauli) punctate, uni- dorsal margin of eye brownish orange, formly setiferous; scutellar sulcus with mouthparts irregularly brown and yellow median carina, crenulate-rugose adjacent with mandible brown except dorsal sur- to carina; scutellar disc punctate except face proximally, scape brown with outer posterior margin rugose, setiferous; pro- surface yellowish brown, pedicel and podeum coriaceous basally transitioning flagellum brown; mesosoma brown with to areolate-rugose sculpture covering most some faint irregular yellowish brown of propodeum, setiferous, basal carina markings on mesoscutum and scutellar extending apically about 1/4 length of disc; wing veins brown; pro- and meso- propodeum then diverging to form areola, thoracic leg brown except coxa yellowish inner-most and outer-most dorsal lateral brown, trochantellus irregularly and fe- carinae clearly defined to areola and spi- mur proximally yellow, and tibia proxi- racle, respectively; subalar groove areolate- mally where it articulates with femur rugose; precoxal sulcus smooth; posterior white, metathoracic leg brown except mesopleural furrow crenulate; meso- coxa and trochanter yellow, trochan- pleuron (excluding subalar groove, pre- tellus irregularly yellow, femur with coxal sulcus, and posterior mesopleural inner surface yellowish brown, and furrow) punctate, setiferous; metapleuron tibia proximally where it articulates areolate-rugose, setiferous; metacoxa with with femur white; T1 brown with pos- anteroventral basal tubercle. terior edge yellow, T2 – T8 yellow, Forewing: 1CUa L 0.373 1cu-a L, gaster gradually transitioning from darker 3RSa L 2.053 r-m L; lightly infuscated; to lighter shade of yellow anteriorly to stigma broadly wedge-shaped, proximal posteriorly. and distal margins well defined; r arising Male. Unknown. slightly basad middle of stigma; 3RS Host.—Unknown. straight to apical margin; tubular veins Type material.—Holotype female: Top enclosing basal, subbasal, marginal, 1st label (white; typewritten) = U.S.A., submarginal, 2nd submarginal, 1st discal, “KANSAS:Riley Co. [;] Konza Prairie and 1st subdiscal cells; 1cu-a distad 1M; Biol. Station [;] watershed N1A”. Second 1m-cu basad 2RS. label (white; typewritten) “39°05.7479N, Hind wing: Lightly infuscated; tubular 96°35.3269W [;] 17.v.-22.v.2005 [;] veins enclosing basal and subbasal cells. Zolnerowich & Kula [;] canopy trap Metasoma: T1L 0.953 T1W; sub- 2005-015”. Third label (red; partially cylindrical; EOL about 2.433 T2+T3L, handwritten, partially typewritten) = 466 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

“HOLOTYPE [;] Doryctes xanthogaster [;] clypeus setiferous; face punctate, setif- Kula and Marsh, 2011” (USNM). erous; frons rugulose within and punctate Etymology.—The specific epithet is above depression dorsad antennal socket, formed from the Greek roots xantho- smooth mesally, setiferous laterally and (“yellow”) and -gaster (“belly”) and glabrous mesally; eye virtually gla- refers to the yellow gaster, contrasting brous; vertex punctate, setiferous; gena with the brown head and mesosoma, of the punctate, setiferous; occiput smooth holotype. with punctations corresponding setae, setiferous. Doryctes xanthosoma Kula and Mesosoma: ML 2.503 MW, ML Marsh, new species 2.283 MH, MW 0.913 MH, SSL 0.353 (Fig. 14) SSW; pronotal collar divided into smooth anterior and rugose posterior portions by Diagnosis.—The following diagnosis transverse carina, anterior portion setif- is based on females. The head is yellow erous along margins, posterior portion and mesosoma brownish yellow with swollen mesally and uniformly setiferous, the mesonotal lobes slightly darker in swelling depressed mesally, pronope ab- D. xanthosoma; the head and mesosoma sent, lateral portion of pronotum with are at least partially brown to black in all transverse carina extending from apex of other Nearctic species of Doryctes. One swelling in collar laterally to anteroventral D californicus paratype of . has the head margin, ground sculpture areolate-rugose, yellow except the ocellar field brown and uniformly setiferous; notauli terminating the mesosoma yellow except the scu- at about middle of mesoscutum into broad tellar disc posteriorly and the ventral half areolate-rugose area containing longitu- of the mesopleuron brown. However, dinal groove that runs from transscutal + forewing vein (RS M)a is sinuate in D. articulation slightly beyond point where xanthosoma and straight in D. californicus. notauli terminate, crenulate; mesoscutal 3 Forewing vein 1CUa L is 0.63 fore- midpit absent; mesoscutum (excluding wing vein 1cu-a L in D. xanthosoma; areolate-rugose area posteromesally, lat- the 1CUa:1cu-a ratio is 0.74 – 1.09 in D. eral margin, and notauli) punctate, uni- californicus. Head color is entirely brown formly setiferous; scutellar sulcus rugose; (slightly lighter around eyes) to entirely scutellar disc areolate-rugose, setiferous; yellow in D. pyrrhus, but the mesosoma propodeum with areolate-rugose ground is at least partially brown in specimens sculpture, setiferous, basal carina extend- with an entirely yellow head. Aside from ing apically about 1/3 length of propo- color D. xanthosoma can be differentiated deum then diverging to form areola, dorsal from all Nearctic species of Doryctes other lateral carinae clearly defined basally than D. anatolikus and D. californicus but difficult to differentiate from ground using the diagnosis for D. rufipes. sculpture apically; subalar groove areo- Description.—Female (Fig. 14). Body late-rugose; precoxal sulcus smooth; length: 4.92 mm. Head: HL 0.713 HW, posterior mesopleural furrow crenulate; HW 1.143 TW, FW 1.863 FH, EL mesopleuron (excluding subalar groove, 0.803 EH, MSH 0.383 EH, F1L 0.923 precoxal sulcus, and posterior meso- F2L, PMPL 1.003 F1L; antenna with 35 pleural furrow) weakly coriaceous dor- flagellomeres, mandible with two teeth sad precoxal sulcus to level of episternal of about equal length, malar space punc- scrobe, setiferous except weakly coriaceous tate, setiferous, malar suture present; area glabrous; metapleuron areolate- VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 467 rugose, setiferous; metacoxa with antero- Zolnerowich & Kula [;] malaise trap ventral basal tubercle. 2005-097”. Third label (red; partially Forewing: 1CUa L 0.633 1cu-a L, 3RSa handwritten, partially typewritten) = L 1.783 r-m L; hyaline; stigma ellipti- “HOLOTYPE [;] Doryctes xanthosoma cal, proximal and distal margins well [;] Kula and Marsh, 2011” (USNM). defined; r arising slightly basad middle Etymology.—The specific epithet is of stigma; 3RS straight to apical margin; formed from the Greek roots xantho- tubular veins enclosing basal, subbasal, (“yellow”) and -soma (“body”) and refers marginal, 1st submarginal, 2nd submarginal, to body color of the holotype. 1st discal, and 1st subdiscal cells; 1cu-a distad 1M; 1m-cu basad 2RS. Doryctinus Roman, status revised Hind wing: Hyaline; tubular veins Doryctinus Roman, 1910: 122. Type enclosing basal and subbasal cells. species: Exothecus rugulosus Cresson, 3 Metasoma: T1L 0.89 T1W; sub- 1872 [by original designation and 3 + cylindrical; EOL about 1.31 T2 T3L, monotypy; USNM, examined]. ovipositor bearing minute teeth ventrally; Acrophasmus Enderlein, 1912: 16. Type T1 areolate-rugose, setiferous, dorsope species: Acrophasmus exilis Ender- present; T2 areolate-rugose, T3 with lein, 1912 [by original designation roughly anterior 2/3 areolate-rugose and and monotypy; MZPW, not exam- roughly posterior 1/3 smooth, T4 – T7 ined]. New synonym. smooth, T8 strigulate anteriorly and punc- tate posteriorly; T2 – T3 setiferous, T4 – T6 Discussion.—Marsh (1993) synony- anterior 1/2 glabrous and posterior 1/2 mized Glyptocolastes rugulosus (Cresson, setiferous with setae roughly in single line, 1872) with Glyptocolastes caryae T7 – T8 setiferous. (Ashmead, 1896). We do not consider Color: Head (excluding mouthparts G. rugulosus and G. caryae conspecific. and antenna) yellow, mouthparts yellow A transverse groove is present on T3 in except teeth and ventral surface of man- the holotype of G. rugulosus but is absent dible brown, scape and pedicel yellow, in G. caryae. Further, hind wing vein flagellum yellowish brown proximally M+CU is shorter than hind wing vein 1M transitioning to brown distally; meso- in G. rugulosus, but the former is longer soma brownish yellow with mesonotal than the latter in G. caryae. Therefore, G. lobes darker than other parts of meso- caryae is treated as a valid species herein. soma; wing veins brown; legs yellow with Marsh (1993) synonymized Dor- tarsus and tibia at base beginning where yctinus Roman, 1910 with Glyptocolastes it articulates with femur slightly lighter; Ashmead, 1900. Doryctinus contained T1 – T2 brownish yellow, T3 – T7 yellow two valid species, Doryctinus rugulosus except light brown band at posterior edge, (Cresson, 1872) and Doryctinus marshi T8 yellow. Greenbaum, 1975, and Glyptocolastes Male. Unknown. contained two valid species, G. caryae Host.—Unknown. and Glyptocolastes texanus Ashmead, Type material.—Holotype female: Top 1900, at the time of synonymy. Marsh label (white; typewritten) = U.S.A., (1993) also synonymized G. caryae with “KANSAS:Geary Co. [;] Konza Prairie G. rugulosus and transferred D. marshi Biol. Station [;] watershed 20B”. Second to Acrophasmus. Yu et al. (2005) listed label (white; typewritten) “39°04.3329N, four valid species of Glyptocolastes: G. 96°34.6379W [;] 30.ix. – 11.x.2005 [;] caryae,“G. marshi,” G. rugulosus,and 468 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

G. texanus. Apparently, Yu et al. (2005) Doryctinus atriventris (Cresson), overlooked the synonymy of G. caryae new combination and G. rugulosus and the transfer of D. (Figs. 15 – 16) marshi to Acrophasmus because those Exothecus atriventris Cresson, 1872: 189 actions do not appear in the “synonym [ANSP, not examined]. history” and “combination history,” re- Doryctes atriventris: Muesebeck and spectively, for those taxa. Examination of Walkley 1951: 177 [generic combination]. the holotype for D. marshi confirms that Doryctodes atriventris: Marsh 1966: 506 it fits Acrophasmus sensu Marsh (1993). [generic combination]. The holotype for G. rugulosus fits the Acrophasmus atriventris: Marsh 1973: 69 definition of Acrophasmus sensu Marsh [generic combination]. (2002).Further,itkeystoAcrophasmus in Doryctes longicauda Ashmead, (1888) Marsh (1997) and Marsh (2002). Exothe- 1889: 626 [USNM, examined]. Name cus rugulosus Cresson, 1872 (currently preoccupied by Giraud (1857). G. rugulosus) is the type species for Doryctes ashmeadii Dalla Torre, 1898: Doryctinus. Therefore, Doryctinus Roman, 232 [replacement name for Doryctes 1910 is removed from synonymy with longicauda Ashmead, (1888) 1889]. Glyptocolastes Ashmead, 1900, and Synonymized in Muesebeck and Acrophasmus Enderlein, 1912 is a new Walkley (1951). synonym of Doryctinus. The new and Hormiopterus caudatus Brues, 1907: 62 revised combinations resulting from the [MCPM, not examined]. Synonymized synonymy are listed in Table 3. Two valid in Muesebeck and Walkley (1951). species are currently in Glyptocolastes, G. caryae and G. texanus, given the nomen- Diagnosis.—Doryctinus atriventris clatural changes proposed and discussed has a pair of oblique grooves on T2 that above. diverge from one another anteriorly

Table 3. New and revised combinations resulting from synonymy of Doryctinus Roman, 1910 and Acrophasmus Enderlein, 1912. Abbreviations are provided for repositories housing primary types that were not examined. X = primary type examined.

Species Name Type of Change Type Examined

Doryctinus amazonicus (Roman) new combination NHRS Doryctinus arizonensis (Marsh) new combination X Doryctinus atriventris (Cresson) new combination ANSP Doryctinus butleri (Marsh) new combination X Doryctinus costaricensis (Marsh) new combination X Doryctinus erugatus (Marsh) new combination X Doryctinus exilis (Enderlein) new combination MZPW Doryctinus ferrugineus (Marsh) new combination X Doryctinus gauldi (Marsh) new combination X Doryctinus immigrans (Beardsley) new combination BPBM Doryctinus maeandrius (Enderlein) new combination MZPW Doryctinus marshi Greenbaum revised combination X Doryctinus rubronotum (Marsh) new combination X Doryctinus rugulosus (Cresson) revised combination X Doryctinus scobiciae (Marsh) new combination X Doryctinus secundus (Muesebeck and Walkley) new combination X VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 469

present in all other Nearctic species of Doryctinus for which males are known. Males are unknown for D. zolnerowichi, D. marshi,andD. rugulosus. Host associations.—Unknown. Distribution.—U.S.A.: Kansas, Pennsy- lvania, and Texas (Yu et al. 2005). Specimens from Konza Prairie.—All U.S.A., KANSAS, Konza Prairie Bio- logical Station; 1 ♀ Riley Co., watershed N2B, 39°05.279N96°35.099W, 10.vii. – 13. vii.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Ma- laise trap; 1 ♀ Riley Co., watershed 4B, 39°04.659N96°35.759W, 7.viii. – 13.viii. 2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Malaise trap 2001-003; 1 ♀ Geary Co., water- shed 20B, 39°04.3329N96°34.6379W, 27.v. – 6.vi.2005, Zolnerowich & Kula, Malaise trap 2005-022; 1 ♀ same data as previous except 16.viii. – 26.viii.2005, Malaise trap 2005-072; 1 ♀ same data as previous except 12.ix. – 21.ix.2005, Malaise trap 2005-087 (3 ♀ KSUC, 2 ♀ USNM). Discussion.—The MSH:EH ratio is 0.52 – 0.68 in D. scobiciae females; thus, MSH:EH can be used to differentiate D. atriventris from females of all other Ne- arctic species of Doryctinus. The oblique Fig. 15. Doryctinus atriventris, lateral habi- tus, scale bar = 1.00 mm. grooves on T2, in combination with the sinuate transverse groove separating T2 and T3, delimit a roughly hemielliptical and gradually converge posteriorly (Fig. area in some specimens of D. atriventris. 16). Doryctinus zolnerowichi Kula and The borders of the hemielliptical area Marsh, new species, Doryctinus marshi, are lighter in color than the remainder of revised combination, and Doryctinus ru- T2 in some specimens, which accen- gulosus, revised combination have a pair tuates the degree to which the area is of oblique grooves on T2 that diverge defined. Consequently, specimens with a anteriorly to posteriorly (Fig. 17); all other conspicuous hemielliptical area will key Nearctic species of Doryctinus lack obli- to Leluthia Cameron in Marsh (1997). que grooves on T2. The eye is small in The oblique grooves are weak or do not D. atriventris, with MSH 0.73 – 0.913 extend to the groove separating T2 and EH; the eye is larger in all other Nearctic T3 in some specimens; this results in species of Doryctinus except Doryctinus an indistinctly defined or absent hemi- scobiciae (Marsh), new combination, with elliptical area. Also, hind wing vein MSH 0.27 – 0.573 EH. The hind wing M+CU is shorter than hind wing vein 1M; stigma is absent in D. atriventris and is Marsh (2002) indicated that the former 470 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON is longer than the latter in species of Discussion.—Doryctinus ferrugineus Leluthia, although Leluthia keys (in part) and D. immigrans both exhibit sexual di- to couplet 74 along with Acrophasmus in morphism in the number of flagellomeres Marsh (1997). (i.e.,31–37and26–27inD. ferrugineus females and males, respectively; 21 – 24 Doryctinus ferrugineus Marsh, and15–18inD. immigrans females new combination and males, respectively). Additionally, (Figs. 18 – 19) the vertex is more sharply declivous Acrophasmus ferrugineus Marsh, 1968: posteriorly in D. ferrugineus females 103 [USNM, examined]. thaninmales.

Diagnosis.—Doryctinus ferrugineus Doryctinus zolnerowichi Kula has the vertex sharply declivous poste- and Marsh, new species riorly (Fig. 19); all other Nearctic species (Figs. 17, 20 – 21) of Doryctinus except Doryctinus immi- Diagnosis.—Doryctinus zolnerowichi grans (Beardsley), new combination and has a pair of oblique grooves on T2 that D. rugulosus have the vertex rounded diverge anteriorly to posteriorly (Fig. posteriorly (Fig. 20). Doryctinus immi- grans has the vertex slightly declivous 17). Doryctinus atriventris has a pair of posteriorly but can be differentiated from oblique grooves on T2 that diverge from D. ferrugineus as follows: D. ferrugineus one another anteriorly and gradually has 26 – 37 flagellomeres, T5 coriaceous converge posteriorly (Fig. 16); all other to punctate-rugose, T6 coriaceous, and Nearctic species of Doryctinus except T7 weakly coriaceous; D. immigrans D. marshi and D. rugulosus lack oblique has 15 – 24 flagellomeres and T5 – T7 grooves on T2. Doryctinus zolnerowichi smooth. Doryctinus rugulosus has the has 31 flagellomeres; the propodeum, vertex strongly declivous posteriorly metapleuron,andT1–T3areorangish but can be differentiated from D. brown; and the hind leg is brownish ferrugineus as follows: D. ferrugineus yellow. Doryctinus marshi has 37 flagel- has T2 costate-rugose without grooves; lomeres; the propodeum, metapleuron, D. rugulosus has T2 rugose with a and T1 – T3 are black; and the hind leg pair of oblique grooves on T2 that di- is dark brown. The vertex is rounded verge anteriorly to posteriorly (as in posteriorly (Fig. 20) in D. zolnerowichi; Fig. 17). it is sharply declivous posteriorly in D. Host associations.—No host associa- rugulosus (as in Fig. 19). tions have been reported beyond those Description.—Female (Fig. 21). Body listed in Yu et al. (2005). length: 4.74 mm. Head: HL 0.693 HW, Distribution.—U.S.A.: Florida, Georgia, HW 1.113 TW, FW 1.553 FH, EL *Kansas, Mississippi, Missouri, North 0.863 EH, MSH 0.373 EH, F1L 1.183 Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, F2L, PMPL 0.503 F1L; antenna with 31 Texas, and Virginia (Marsh 1968). flagellomeres, mandible with two teeth, Specimens from Konza Prairie.—U.S.A., tooth closer to labiomaxillary complex KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza Prairie shorter than other tooth, setiferous; ma- Biological Station, 1 ♀ Kings Creek, lar space strigulate with row of puncta- 39°06.209N96°35.779W, 11.ix. – 18.ix.2001, tions associated with setae along margin Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Malaise trap of eye, setiferous, malar suture absent; 2001-037 (KSUC). clypeus with apical margin setose but VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 471

Figs. 16–18. Species of Doryctinus. 16, Doryctinus atriventris, T1 – T3 (arrow = groove on T2); 17, Doryctinus zolnerowichi, T1 – T3 (arrow = groove on T2); 18, Doryctinus ferrugineus, lateral habitus, scale bar = 1.00 mm. otherwise glabrous; face smooth me- frons entirely strigate, setiferous along sally and strigate-rugose laterally, gla- margin of eye but otherwise glabrous; brous mesally and setiferous laterally; vertex strigate, setiferous; gena with 472 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Figs. 19–21. Species of Doryctinus. 19, Doryctinus ferrugineus, head, arrow = vertex; 20, Dor- yctinus zolnerowichi, head, arrow = vertex; 21, D. zolnerowichi, lateral habitus, scale bar = 1.00 mm. VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 473 strigae from vertex extending into temple stigma; 3RS straight to apical margin; but otherwise smooth with punctations tubular veins enclosing basal, subbasal, corresponding to setae, setiferous; eye marginal, 1st submarginal, 2nd submar- setiferous; occiput largely obscured due ginal, and 1st discal cells; 2-1A tubular; to position of head relative to meso- 2cu-a absent; 1cu-a distad 1M; 1m-cu soma, smooth and setiferous peripher- basad 2RS. ally. Hind wing: Hyaline; tubular veins Mesosoma: ML 2.433 MW, ML enclosing basal and subbasal cells. 2.203 MH, MW 0.903 MH, SSL 0.283 Metasoma: T1L 1.473 T1W; sub- SSW; pronotal collar without transverse cylindrical; exposed portion of ovipositor carina, anterior portion coriaceous and about as long as mesosoma and metasoma, setiferous, posterior portion with smooth ovipositor bearing minute teeth ventrally; groove and glabrous, pronope absent, T1 costate-rugose, setiferous, dorsope lateral portion of pronotum rugose except present; T2 costate-rugose, setiferous; small oval coriaceous area anterodorsally T3 transitioning anteriorly to posteriorly and crenulate pronotal groove, setiferous from costate-rugose to areolate-rugose except pronotal groove glabrous; notauli to punctate, setiferous, with transverse terminating into broad rugose area at groove mesally bending anteriorly to about middle of mesoscutum, crenulate; join sinuate groove separating T2 and T3; mesoscutal midpit absent; mesoscutum T4 transitioning anteriorly to posteriorly (excluding rugose area, lateral margin, from costulate-rugose to areolate-rugose and notauli) coriaceous, setiferous but to punctate, setiferous posterolaterally with following areas glabrous: median and mesally; T5 coriaceous, anterior 1/2 and lateral lobes mesally, notauli, and glabrous and posterior 1/2 setiferous; T6 rugose area mesally; scutellar sulcus weakly coriaceous, anterior 1/2 glabrous with six longitudinal carinae; scutellar and posterior 1/2 setiferous; T7 – T8 disc coriaceous, setiferous peripherally; smooth, glabrous except a few setae propodeum with areolate-rugose ground posterolaterally. sculpture, setiferous, basal carina extend- Color: Head (excluding mouthparts ing apically about 1/4 length of propo- and antenna) transitioning dorsally to deum then diverging to form areola, ventrally from brown to yellowish brown, inner-most and outer-most dorsal lateral mouthparts yellow except mandible yel- carinae complete to areola and spiracle, low proximally and yellowish brown dis- respectively, but inner-most carina diffi- tally with teeth translucent, scape with cult to distinguish from ground sculpture; outer surface yellow and inner surface subalar groove rugose; precoxal sulcus brownish yellow, pedicel brown except crenulate; posterior mesopleural furrow distal margin with yellow band, flagellum crenulate; mesopleuron (excluding sub- brown; mesosoma brown with propodeum alar groove, precoxal sulcus, and poste- apically, pronotum laterally, propleuron, rior mesopleural furrow) rugose dorsally mesopleuron surrounding precoxal sul- transitioning to coriaceous ventrally, cus, and metapleuron yellowish; wing uniformly setiferous; metapleuron areo- veins brown; legs yellow; T1 brown late-rugose, setiferous; metacoxa without basally transitioning to brownish yellow anteroventral basal tubercle. apically, T2 brownish yellow except pair Forewing: Hyaline; stigma elliptical, of irregular brown areas posterolaterally, proximal and distal margins well de- T3 brownish yellow except brown post- fined; r arising slightly basad middle of eromesally, T4 – T6 yellow anteriorly 474 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON transitioning to brown posteriorly, T7 – T8 arcuatus Muesebeck males are brachyp- brown. terous, and E. pacificus males may be Male. Unknown. apterous or fully winged. Forewing vein Host.—Unknown. (RS+M)a is absent in E. hypothenemi;it Type material.—Holotype female: Top is present in all species of Ecphylus = label (white; typewritten) U.S.A., Fo¨rster other than Ecphylus kansensis “KANSAS:Geary Co. [;] Konza Prairie Marsh, Ecphylus leechi Marsh (may be Biol. Station [;] watershed 20B”. Second present or absent), and Ecphylus lep- ° 9 label (white; typewritten) “39 04.332 N, tosulcus Marsh. Forewing vein 2M is ° 9 96 34.637 W [;] 27.v. – 6.vi.2005 [;] entirely absent in E. hypothenemi and Zolnerowich & Kula [;] malaise trap E. leechi; it is partially present in E. 2005-022”. Third label (red; partially kansensis and E. leptosulcus.Thescu- = handwritten, partially typewritten) tellar disc is flat to slightly convex in “HOLOTYPE [;] Doryctinus zolner- E. hypothenemi (Fig.23);itisconcave owichi [;] Kula and Marsh, 2011” in E. leechi (Fig. 24). (USNM). Host associations.—No host associa- —Doryctinus marshi Discussion. has tions have been reported beyond those a pair of diverging grooves on T2, but listed in Yu et al. (2005). they are weakly defined and difficult to Distribution.—CANADA: Manitoba; differentiate from other sculpture on T2 U.S.A.: Arizona, California, Colorado, compared to those of D. zolnerowichi *Kansas, New Jersey, New Mexico, Ohio, and D. rugulosus. Texas, Washington, and West Virginia Etymology.—This species is named in (Yu et al. 2005). honor of Dr. Gregory Zolnerowich, Kansas Specimens from Konza Prairie.—All State University, Manhattan, who carried U.S.A., KANSAS, Konza Prairie Bio- out the sampling program that formed logical Station; 1 ♀ Riley Co., Kings the basis of this research. Creek, 39°06.209N96°35.779W, 6.xi. – 20. xi.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Malaise Ecphylus hypothenemi Ashmead trap 2001-085; 1 ♀ Riley Co., watershed (Figs. 22 – 23) N1A, 39°05.7479N96°35.3269W, 9.v. – 17. Ecphylus hypothenemi Ashmead, 1896: v.2005, canopy trap 2005-010; 1 ♂ same 215 [USNM, examined]. data as previous except 20.vii. – 30. Paraecphylus hypothenemi: Muesebeck vii.2005, canopy trap 2005-060; 1 ♀ same and Walkley 1951: 183 [generic com- data as previous except 30.vii. – 9.viii. bination]. 2005, canopy trap 2005-065; 1 ♂ same Parecphylus websteri Ashmead, 1900: data as previous except 9.viii. – 16. 147 [USNM examined]. Synony- viii.2005, canopy trap 2005-070; 1 ♂ same mized in Marsh (1965). data as previous except 16.viii. – 26. viii.2005, canopy trap 2005-075; 1 ♀ same Diagnosis.—Ecphylus hypothenemi data as previous except 12.ix. – 21.ix.2005, females and males are fully winged; canopy trap 2005-090; 1 ♂ same data as Ecphylus lepturgi Rohwer, Ecphylus previous except 21.ix. – 30.ix.2005, can- pacificus Marsh, and Ecphylus schwarzii opy trap 2005-095; 1 ♀ Geary Co., wa- (Ashmead) females may be apterous or tershed 20C, 39°04.2549N96°33.6399W, fully winged. Ecphylus lepturgi and E. 26.viii. – 2.ix.2005, Malaise trap 2005-078 schwarzii males are apterous, Ecphylus (3 ♀ 2 ♂ KSUC, 2 ♀ 2 ♂ USNM). VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 475

Figs. 22–26. Species of Ecphylus, scale bars = 1.00 mm. 22, Ecphylus hypothenemi, lateral habitus; 23, Ecphylus hypothenemi, scutellar disc (arrow); 24, Ecphylus leechi, scutellar disc (arrow); 25, Ecphylus kansensis, lateral habitus; 26, Ecphylus rohweri, lateral habitus.

Ecphylus kansensis Marsh Ecphylus lepturgi and E. schwarzii males (Fig. 25) are apterous, E. arcuatus males are bra- Ecphylus kansensis Marsh, 1965: 682 chypterous, and E. pacificus males may [USNM, examined]. be apterous or fully winged. Forewing vein (RS+M)a is absent in E. kansensis;it Diagnosis.—Ecphylus kansensis fe- is present in all species of Ecphylus other males and males are fully winged; E. than E. hypothenemi, E. leechi (may be lepturgi, E. pacificus,andE. schwarzii present or absent), and E. leptosulcus. females may be apterous or fully winged. Forewing vein 2M is partially present in 476 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

E. kansensis and E. leptosulcus;itisen- E. lepturgi, Ecphylus optilus Marsh, E. tirely absent in E. hypothenemi and E. pacificus, E. schwarzii, Ecphylus texanus leechi. Forewing vein 2RS L is 0.80 – Brues, and Ecphylus unifasciatus Marsh. 1.203 forewing vein 1m-cu L in E. Tergum1lengthis0.75–0.943 T1W in kansensis; the 2RS:1m-cu ratio is 0.27 – E. rohweri; T1L is 0.97 – 1.893 T1W in 0.38 in E. leptosulcus. Ecphylus hicoriae Rohwer (0.97 – 1.29), Host associations.—Unknown. Ecphylus hubbardi Rohwer (1.11 – 1.37), Distribution.—U.S.A.: Kansas (Marsh and Ecphylus pallidus Ashmead (1.13 – 1965). 1.89). The vertex is smooth in E. rohweri; Specimens from Konza Prairie.—All it is strigate to strigulate in E. hicoriae and U.S.A., KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza Ecphylus lycti Rohwer. The head is en- Prairie Biological Station; 2 ♀ Kings tirely yellow to brownish yellow in E. Creek, 39°06.209N96°35.779W, 6.ix. – rohweri;itisentirelybrowninE. arcua- 20.ix.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, tus, Ecphylus bicolor Rohwer, Ecphylus Malaise trap 2001-085; 1 ♂ watershed californicus Rohwer, Ecphylus chramesi N1A, 39°05.7479N96°35.3269W, 13.vi. – Marsh, E. hubbardi, E. leechi, E. lep- 20.vi.2005, Zolnerowich & Kula, canopy tosulcus, Ecphylus nigriceps Ashmead, trap 2005-035 (1 ♀ 1 ♂ KSUC, 1 ♀ E. pacificus,andE. schwarzii. Exposed USNM). ovipositor length is approximately equal to metasoma length in E. rohweri (EOL 0.70 Ecphylus rohweri Muesebeck –1.143 metasoma length); EOL is longer (Fig. 26) than combined mesosoma and metasoma Ecphylus schwarzi Rohwer, 1913: 538 length in Ecphylus flavus Marsh. [USNM, examined]. Name preoccupied Host associations.—Unknown. Marsh by Ashmead (1900). (1965) reported Juniperus osteosperma Ecphylus rohweri Muesebeck, 1935: 23 (Torr.) as a host plant based on label data. — [replacement name for Ecphylus Distribution. U.S.A.: Arizona, *Kansas, schwarzi Rohwer, 1913]. and New Mexico (Yu et al. 2005). Specimens from Konza Prairie.—All Diagnosis.—Ecphylus rohweri fe- U.S.A., KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza Prai- males and males are fully winged; E. rie Biological Station; 2 ♂ Kings Creek, lepturgi, E. pacificus, and E. schwarzii 39°06.209N96°35.779W, 1.vi. – 8.vi.2001, females may be apterous or fully winged. Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Malaise trap; Ecphylus lepturgi and E. schwarzii males 2 ♂ same data as previous except 12.vi. – are apterous, E. arcuatus males are bra- 15.vi.2001; 1 ♂ same data as previous chypterous, and E. pacificus males may except 22.vi. – 26.vi.2001; 1 ♀ 1 ♂ same be apterous or fully winged. Forewing data as previous except 26.vi. – 29.vi.2001; vein (RS+M)a is present in E. rohweri;it 1 ♀ 1 ♂ same data as previous except 3. is absent in E. hypothenemi, E. kansensis, vii. – 6.vii.2001; 2 ♀ same data as previous and E. leptosulcus and is absent or present except 24.vii. – 27.vii.2001; 1 ♀ same data in E. leechi. The remainder of the di- as previous except 20.viii. – 27.viii.2001, agnosis is based on females. Forewing Malaise trap 2001-019; 3 ♂ watershed vein 2M is partially present and longer N1A, 39°05.7479N96°35.3269W, 13.vi. – than forewing vein 1m-cu in E. rohweri;it 20.vi.2005, Zolnerowich & Kula, canopy is absent or present but shorter than fore- trap 2005-035 (3 ♀ 5 ♂ KSUC, 2 ♀ 5 ♂ wing vein 1m-cu in E. arcuatus, E. leechi, USNM). VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 477

Glyptocolastes caryae hasmus are discussed above under Dor- (Ashmead), status revised yctinus. (Fig. 27) Leluthia astigma (Ashmead) Heterospilus caryae Ashmead, 1896: 214 (Figs. 28 – 29) [USNM, examined]. Synonymized with Glyptocolastes rugulosus (Cresson, Heterospilus ? astigma Ashmead, 1896: 1872) in Marsh (1993). 215 [USNM, examined]. Glyptodoryctes caryae: Ashmead 1900: Atoreutes astigmus: Muesebeck (1926) 144 [generic combination]. 1928: 900 [generic combination]. Glyptocolastes caryae: Marsh 1968: 107 Russellia astigma: Muesebeck 1950: 78 [generic combination]. [generic combination]. Hormiopterus claripennis Brues, 1907: Russellella astigma: Muesebeck and 61 [MCPM, not examined]. Synony- Walkley 1951: 178 [generic combi- mized in Muesebeck (1958). nation]. Rhaconotus claripennis: Muesebeck and Leluthia astigma: Marsh 1967: 361 Walkley 1951: 181 [generic combi- [generic combination]. nation]. Diagnosis.—The vertex is coriaceous Diagnosis.—Tergum 1 length is 1.29 – in L. astigma (Fig. 29); a small rugose 1.743 T1W in G. caryae;T1Lis to strigate-rugose area is occasionally 0.97 – 1.073 T1W in G. texanus.The (36.4%) present posterior to the ocellar hind wing stigma is present in G. caryae field. The vertex is entirely strigate-rugose males; it is absent in G. texanus males. to strigate-coriaceous (Fig. 30) in Leluthia Host associations.—No host associa- floridensis Marsh and Leluthia mexicana tions have been reported beyond those Cameron. The hind wing stigma is absent listed in Yu et al. (2005). in L. astigma males; it is present in L. Distribution.—U.S.A.: Arkansas, Dis- mexicana males. trict of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Kan- Host associations.—Kula et al. (2010) sas, Maryland, Mississippi, New York, assessed the host associations reported North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Car- for L. astigma. Leluthia astigma ex Ag- olina, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia rilus planipennis Fairmaire (emerald ash (Yu et al. 2005). borer) on Fraxinus americana L. (white Specimens from Konza Prairie.—U.S.A., ash) is the only confirmed record. KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza Prairie Distribution.—CANADA: Quebec; Biological Station, 1 ♀ watershed N1A, MEXICO: Jalisco; U.S.A.: Arizona, 39°05.7479N96°35.3269W, 26.viii. – California, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, New 2.ix.2005, canopy trap 2005-080 (KSUC). York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oklahoma, Discussion.—Marsh (1993) treated G. Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Virginia, West caryae as a junior synonym of G. rugu- Virginia, and Wyoming (Yu et al. 2005, losus. We consider G. caryae a valid Kula et al. 2010). species based on hind wing venation Specimens from Konza Prairie.—All and T3 sculpture (see discussion above U.S.A., KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza under Doryctinus). The nomenclatural Prairie Biological Station; 1 ♀ Kings changes resulting from removing G. Creek, 39°06.209N96°35.779W, 6.vii. – caryae from synonymy with G. rugu- 10.vii.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, losus and transferring the latter to Acrop- Malaise trap; 1 ♂ same data as previous 478 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Figs. 27–31. Species of Doryctinae, scale bars = 1.00 mm. 27, Glyptocolastes caryae, lateral habitus; 28, Leluthia astigma, lateral habitus; 29, L. astigma, head, arrow = vertex; 30, Leluthia flo- ridensis, head, arrow = vertex; 31, Ontsira mellipes, lateral habitus. except 27.viii. – 4.ix.2001, Malaise trap except 23.x. – 30.x.2001, Malaise trap 2001-025; 1 ♂ same data as previous 2001-073; 1 ♂ same data as previous except 9.x. – 16.x.2001, Malaise trap except 6.xi. – 20.xi.2001, Malaise trap 2001-061; 1 ♂ same data as previous 2001-085; 1 ♀ 1 ♂ watershed N1A, VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 479

39°05.7479N96°35.3269W, 9.v. – 17.v.2005, New Hampshire, New Jersey, North Zolnerowich & Kula, canopy trap 2005- Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, 010; 1 ♂ same data as previous except 27. and Virginia (Yu et al. 2005). v. – 4.vi.2005, canopy trap 2005-025; 1 ♀ Specimens from Konza Prairie.—U.S.A., same data as previous except 12.xi. – 21. KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza Prairie xi.2005, canopy trap 2005-090 (2 ♀ 3 ♂ Biological Station, 1 ♀ Kings Creek, KSUC, 2 ♀ 2 ♂ USNM). 39°06.209N96°35.779W, 25.v. – 29. v.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Ma- Ontsira mellipes (Ashmead) laise trap (KSUC). (Fig. 31) Kula Doryctes mellipes Ashmead, (1888) 1889: Pambolidea dollari and Marsh, new species 627 [USNM, examined]. Doryctodes mellipes: Marsh 1966: 511 (Fig. 33) [generic combination]. Diagnosis.—Forewing vein 3RS is com- Ontsira mellipes: Marsh 1973: 71 [generic pletely tubular to the wing margin in combination]. P. dollari; 3RS is absent apically in Pambolidea yuma Diagnosis.—The following diagnosis Ashmead. Tergum 1 is based on females. The vertex is strigu- lacks a pair of spines anteriad the dorsope late to strigate in O. mellipes. The vertex that project laterally; the spines are present is smooth in Ontsira antica (Wollaston), in Pambolidea barberi Marsh. — Ontsira imperator (Haliday), Ontsira Description. Female (Fig. 33). Body 3 krombeini (Marsh), and Ontsira was- length: 2.60 mm. Head: HL 0.95 HW, 3 3 baueri (Marsh); it is coriaceous in Ont- HW 0.98 TW, FW 2.00 FH, EL 3 3 3 sira occipitalis (Marsh). The vertex is 0.70 EH, MSH 0.55 EH, F1L 0.75 3 strigate-rugose in Ontsira tuberculata F2L, PMPL 0.89 F1L; antenna with 14 (Marsh); thus, this species could be flagellomeres, mandible with two teeth, confused with O. mellipes based on this tooth closer to labiomaxillary complex feature. However, the exposed portion shorter than other tooth, setiferous; malar of the ovipositor is approximately the space areolate-rugose, setiferous, malar length of the metasoma in O. mellipes; suture absent; clypeus setiferous; face it is longer than the entire body ex- areolate-rugose, setiferous; frons entirely cluding the antennae in O. tuberculata. sculptured but pattern largely obscured Ontsira mellipes is also morphologically by antennae, sculpture stronger near an- similar to Dolopsidea carinata (Ash- tennal socket than near median ocellus, mead) (Fig. 32). We regard Dolopsidea strigulate near median ocellus, setiferous Hincks as a genus of Hormiinae, but D. but pattern obscured by antennae; vertex carinata was placed previously in Ontsira smooth, setiferous; gena smooth except Cameron. The vertex is strigulate to stri- a few weak rugosities posteroventrally, gate in O. mellipes;itissmoothinD. with a few widely spaced setae; eye setif- carinata. erous; occiput largely obscured due to po- Host associations.—No host associa- sition of head relative to mesosoma but at tions have been reported beyond those least sculptured ventrolaterally, setiferous. listed in Marsh (1966). Mesosoma: ML 2.003 MW, ML Distribution.—CANADA: Ontario and 2.353 MH, MW 1.183 MH, SSL 0.183 Quebec; U.S.A.: District of Columbia, SSW; pronotal collar divided into ante- *Kansas, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, rior and posterior portions by transverse 480 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

Figs. 32–36. Dolopsidea carinata and species and Doryctinae, scale bars = 1.00 mm. 32, D. carinata, lateral habitus; 33, Pambolidea dollari, lateral habitus; 34, Pioscelus borealis, dark color form, lateral habitus; 35, P. borealis, light color form, lateral habitus; 36, Rhaconotus canadensis, lateral habitus. VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 481 carina, anterior portion setiferous and nebulous to spectral to absent distally; apparently smooth but obscured by head, 2cu-a absent; r-m absent; 1cu-a distad posterior portion glabrous and crenulate, 1M; 1m-cu basad 2RS. pronope absent, lateral portion of prono- Hind wing: Hyaline; tubular veins tum with transverse carina from collar enclosing basal and subbasal cells. continuing laterally and terminating at Metasoma: T1L 1.483 T1W; sub- about midpoint, ground sculpture areolate- cylindrical; exposed portion of oviposi- rugose but pronotal groove crenulate, tor about as long as body excluding setiferous along margins and glabrous antenna, ovipositor bearing minute teeth mesally; notauli terminating into broad ventrally; T1 carinate-rugose, setiferous, aciculo-rugose area at about middle of dorsope present; T2 carinate-rugose, se- mesoscutum, crenulate; mesoscutal midpit tiferous; T3 virtually smooth, aciculate absent; mesoscutum (excluding aciculo- anteromesally, anterior 1/2 glabrous and rugose area, lateral margin, and notauli) posterior 1/2 setiferous; T4 – T7 smooth, coriaceous except areolate anteriad nota- anterior 1/2 glabrous and posterior 1/2 uli, uniformly setiferous except glabrous setiferous; T8 smooth, glabrous except mesally from anterior declivity to trans- sparsely setiferous posteriorly. scutal articulation; scutellar sulcus cren- Color: Head (excluding mouthparts ulate; scutellar disc smooth, setiferous; and antenna) brown except gena brownish propodeum areolate-rugose, setiferous, yellow near base of mandible, mouthparts areola absent; subalar groove areolate- whitish yellow except mandible brownish rugose; precoxal sulcus strigate; posterior yellow with teeth brown, scape and ped- mesopleural furrow crenulate; mesopleuron icel yellow, flagellum yellow proximally (excluding subalar groove, precoxal sulcus, transitioning to brown distally; mesosoma and posterior mesopleural furrow) weakly brown; wing veins brown; legs with coxa coriaceous, setiferous along margins and and femur brown, tibia irregularly yellow glabrous mesally above precoxal sulcus; and brown, and remaining leg parts metapleuron areolate-rugose except roughly entirelyyellow;T1–T8brown,meta- triangular smooth area below propodeal soma gradually transitioning from darker spiracle, anteroventrally with spiniform to lighter shade of brown anteriorly to projection extending over mesocoxa, posteriorly. glabrous except a few setae peripher- Male. Unknown. ally; metacoxa without anteroventral Host.—Unknown. basal tubercle. Type material.—Holotype female: Top Forewing: Hyaline, lightly mottled with label (white; typewritten) = U.S.A., brown markings (best observed through “KANSAS:Riley Co. [;] Konza Prairie backlighting); stigma elliptical, proximal Biol. Station [;] watershed N1A”. Second and distal margins well defined; r arising label (white; typewritten) “39°05.7479N, from middle of stigma; 3RS slightly up- 96°35.3269W [;] 17.v.-22.v.2005 [;] curved to apical margin; tubular veins Zolnerowich & Kula [;] canopy trap enclosing basal, subbasal, marginal, 2005-015”. Third label (red; partially 1st submarginal, and 1st discal cells; 2M handwritten, partially typewritten) = extending distally as tubular vein slightly “HOLOTYPE [;] Pambolidea dollari [;] morethan1/2distancetowingapex;2CU Kula and Marsh, 2011” (USNM). extending posterodistally as tubular vein Etymology.—This species is named nearly to posterior wing margin; 2-1A for insurance investigator Johnny Dol- tubular proximally and transitioning from lar, the “man with the action-packed 482 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON expense account” in the CBS radio with forewing vein 2RS nebulous or ab- drama, “Yours Truly, Johnny Dollar.” sent as in Heterospilus; the genus was differentiated from Heterospilus based on Pioscelus borealis (Ashmead) the presence of a pair of grooves con- (Figs. 34 – 35) verging anteriorly to posteriorly on T2 Caenophanes borealis Ashmead, 1891: (absent in Heterospilus), the absence of 2 [USNM, examined]. ahindwingstigmainmales(presentin Heterospilus borealis:Sze´pligeti 1904: Heterospilus), and enlarged metafemur 57 [generic combination]. in males (not enlarged in Heterospilus). Pioscelus borealis: Marsh 1973: 71 Marsh (1997, 2002) used the absence of [generic combination]. a basal tubercle on the metacoxa (present Hedysomus wichitus Viereck, (1907) in Heterospilus) as an additional feature 1908: 404 [SEMC, not examined]. to differentiate the genera; metafemur New synonym. size in males was not used to differentiate Pioscelus wichitus: Muesebeck and Walkley the genera in the keys in Marsh (1997, 1951: 180 [generic combination]. 2002) or diagnoses for the two genera in Heterospilus beameri Rohwer, 1925: 177 Marsh (2002). [USNM, examined]. Synonymized in Muesebeck and Walkley (1951) syn- Muesebeck and Walkely (1951). onymized H. beameri with H. wichitus but did not explain the synonymy. We Diagnosis.—Pioscelus borealis is cur- agree with the synonymy based on exam- rently the only described species of Piosce- ination of the holotype and 12 paratypes lus Muesebeck and Walkley in the Nearctic of “Heterospilus beameri,” a homotype Region. It can be differentiated from non- of “Hedysomus wichitus” (compared by congeners using the key in Marsh (1997). C. F. W. Muesebeck), two specimens Host associations.—Unknown. determined as “Pioscelus wichitus”(one Distribution.—CANADA: Ontario; each by C. F. W. Muesebeck and W. R. U.S.A.: Kansas, Maryland, Mississippi, M. Mason), and two specimens de- and Tennessee (Yu et al. 2005). termined as “Heterospilus beameri”(by Specimens from Konza Prairie.—All C. F. W. Muesebeck) and “Pioscelus U.S.A., KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza beameri” (by P. M. Marsh), respectively. Prairie Biological Station; 1 ♀ Kings Specimens determined as wichitus tend Creek, 39°06.209N96°35.779W, 20.viii. – to be darker in color (brown) than spec- 27.viii.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, imens determined as beameri (yellow), Malaise trap 2001-019; 1 ♀ same data as but specimens intermediate in color were previous except 4.ix. – 11.ix.2001, Malaise observed and could not be determined trap 2001-031; 2 ♀ same data as previous unequivocally as either the former or except 11.ix. – 18.ix.2001, Malaise trap latter. The holotype of H. beameri is 2001-037; 1 ♀ watershed 4B, 39°04.659N brownish yellow, with some parts clearly 96°35.759W, 4.ix. – 11.ix.2001, Zolnerowich yellow, and other parts more brown than Kula Brown, Malaise trap 2001-024; 1 ♀ yellow. The holotype of H. wichitus was watershed 4F, 39°04.379N96°34.269W, not examined. 4.ix. – 11.ix.2001, Zolnerowich Kula The holotype of C. borealis, which is Brown, Malaise trap 2001-029 (3 ♀ entirely brown except the grooves on KSUC, 3 ♀ USNM). T2+T3 are yellowish, fits within a series Discussion.—Muesebeck and Walkley of conspecific specimens consisting (1951) proposed Pioscelus for species of the aforementioned specimens, other VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 483 specimens in the USNM, and speci- mens from Konza Prairie. Therefore, we consider a P. wichitus (Viereck, 1908) anewsynonymofP. borealis (Ashmead, 1891).

Rhaconotus canadensis Marsh (Fig. 36) Rhaconotus canadensis Marsh, 1976: 396 [CNC, not examined]. Diagnosis.—Marsh (1976) provided a key for differentiating all described species of Rhaconotus Ruthe in North America. New species of Rhaconotus from the Nearctic Region have not been described since Marsh (1976), and there have been no changes to the limits of species in that publication other than the Fig. 37. Rhaconotus fasciatus, lateral habitus, new synonymy of Rhaconotus gracili- scale bar = 1.00 mm. formis (Viereck) and R. fasciatus below. Host associations.—Unknown. Distribution.—CANADA: Saskatchewan; Region using the same features in the U.S.A.: *Kansas (Marsh 1976). key in Marsh (1976) (i.e., both terminate Specimens from Konza Prairie.— at couplet six). New species of Rhaco- U.S.A., KANSAS: Geary Co., Konza notus from the Nearctic Region have Prairie Biological Station, 1 ♀ watershed not been described since Marsh (1976), 20C, 39°04.2549N96°33.6399W, 22.v. – and there have been no changes to 27.v.2005, Malaise trap 2005-018 (KSUC). the limits of species since that publi- cation other than the synonymy of Rhaconotus fasciatus (Ashmead) R. graciliformis and R. fasciatus proposed (Fig. 37) herein. — Hormiopterous fasciatus Ashmead, 1893: Host associations. No host associa- 43 [USNM, examined]. tions have been reported beyond those Rhaconotus fasciatus: Muesebeck and listed in Yu et al. (2005). — Walkley 1951: 181 [generic combi- Distribution. CANADA: Alberta; nation]. U.S.A.: Arizona, Colorado, Florida, Indiana, Hormiopterous graciliformis Viereck, Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, Missouri, North 1911: 183 [USNM, examined]. New Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Tennessee, synonym. and Texas (Yu et al. 2005). — Rhaconotus graciliformis: Muesebeck Specimens from Konza Prairie. All and Walkley 1951: 181 [generic U.S.A., KANSAS, Konza Prairie Bio- ♀ combination]. logical Station; 1 Riley Co., watershed N2B, 39°05.279N96°35.099W, 11.v. – Diagnosis.—Rhaconotus fasciatus and 15.v.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Ma- R. graciliformis can be differentiated laise trap; 1 ♀ same data as previous ex- from all other species from the Nearctic cept 8.vi. – 15.vi.2001; 1 ♀ same data as 484 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON previous except 3.vii. – 6.vii.2001; 1 ♀ propodeum, T1, and T2 (i.e., usually same data as previous except 31.vii. – reticulate in the former, usually strigose- 3.viii.2001; 1 ♀ same data as previous ex- reticulate in the latter); and color cept 3.viii. – 7.viii.2001; 1 ♂ same data (i.e., generally light brown in the former, as previous except 27.viii. – 4.ix.2001; generally dark brown in the latter). Those 1 ♀ Riley Co., Kings Creek, 39°06.209N features vary continuously in the speci- 96°35.779W, 11.v. – 15.v.2001, Zolnerowich mens from Konza Prairie. Therefore, we Kula Brown, Malaise trap; 1 ♀ same data consider R. graciliformis (Viereck, 1911) as previous except 27.vii. – 31.vii.2001; a new synonym of R. fasciatus (Ashmead, ♀ ° 9 1 Riley Co., watershed SpB, 39 04.50 N 1893). 96°35.259W,1.vi. – 8.vi.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Malaise trap; 1 ♀ Riley Co., Spathius elegans Matthews watershed 4F, 39°04.379N96°34.269W, (Fig. 38) 1.vi. – 8.vi.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Malaise trap; 1 ♂ Riley Co., wa- Spathius elegans Matthews, 1970: 39 tershed N4C, 39°05.379N96°35.849W, [USNM, examined]. ♀ 8.vi. – 12.vi.2001, Malaise trap; 1 Diagnosis.—Marsh and Strazanac same data as previous except 7.viii. – (2009) provided a key for differentiating ♂ 13.viii.2001; 1 Riley Co., watershed all described species of Spathius in North ° 9 ° 9 4B, 39 04.65 N9635.75 W, 24.vii. – America except S. matthewsi. Spathius 31.vii.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, elegans lacks a carina ventral to the pre- ♀ Malaise trap; 1 Geary Co., water- coxal sulcus; the carina is present in S. shed 20C, 39°04.2549N96°33.6399W, matthewsi (as in Marsh and Strazanac 5.v. – 12.v.2005, Zolnerowich & Kula, 2009: figs. 4B, 19B). Malaise trap 2005-003; 1 ♀ same data Host associations.—Marsh and Strazanac as previous except 27.v. – 6.vi.2005, (2009) mentioned Betula L. (beech) and Malaise trap 2005-023; 1 ♀ same data Carya Nutt. (hickory) as host plants, as well as previous except 27.vi. – 6.vii.2005, as specimens reared from wood infested Malaise trap 2005-043; 1 ♀ 1 ♂ with Hadrobregmus Thomson (Coleoptera: Geary Co., watershed 20B, 39°04.3329N 96°34.6379W, 17.v. – 22.v.2005, Zol- Anobiidae). The aforementioned taxa are nerowich & Kula, Malaise trap 2005- not listed in Yu et al. (2005). Phloeosinus 012; 1 ♂ same data as previous except dentatus (Say) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), 27.v. – 6.vi.2005, Malaise trap 2005- Xiphydria maculata Say (Hymenoptera: 022; 1 ♀ same data as previous except Xiphydriidae), and Xiphydria tibialis Say 20.vi. – 27.vi.2005, Malaise trap 2005- are listed as hosts, and Carpinus caro- 037; 1 ♀ same data as previous except liniana Walter (American hornbeam) is 20.vii. – 30.vii.2005, Malaise trap 2005- listed as a host plant, in Yu et al. (2005) but 057; 1 ♀ Riley Co., watershed 2D, not Marsh and Strazanac (2009). 39°04.7629N96°33.4309W, 17.v. – 22. Distribution.—CANADA: Ontario and v.2005, Malaise trap 2005-014 (9 ♀ 3 ♂ Quebec; U.S.A.: Alabama, Connecticut, KSUC, 8 ♀ 2 ♂ USNM). District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Discussion.—Marsh (1976) differen- Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, tiated R. graciliformis and R. fasciatus Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, based on forewing length:ovipositor Mississippi, Nebraska, New Jersey, New length ratio (i.e., 3.0 – 3.5 in the former, York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode 2.0 or less in the latter); sculpture on the Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 485

Figs. 38–41. Species of Spathius, lateral habitus, scale bars = 1.00 mm. 38, Spathius elegans; 39, Spathius laflammei; 40, Spathius marshi; 41, Spathius trifasciatus.

Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin (Yu Spathius laflammei Provancher et al. 2005). (Fig. 39) Specimens from Konza Prairie.—All Spathius laflammei Provancher, 1880: U.S.A., KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza Prairie ° 9 164 [ULQC, not examined]. Biological Station, Kings Creek, 39 06.20 N Spathius benefactor Matthews, 1970: 61 ° 9 96 35.77 W, Zolnerowich Kula Brown; [USNM, examined]. Synonymized in ♀ ♂ 1 25.v. – 29.v.2001, Malaise trap; 1 Marsh and Strazanac (2009). 20.viii. – 27.viii.2001, Malaise trap 2001- 019; 1 ♀ 25.ix. – 2.x.2001, Malaise trap Diagnosis.—Spathius laflammei can 2001-049 (1 ♀ 1 ♂ KSUC, 1 ♀ USNM). be differentiated from all congeners in 486 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

North America other than S. matthewsi North America other than S. matthewsi using Marsh and Strazanac (2009). using Marsh and Strazanac (2009). Spathius laflammei lacks a carina ventral Spathius marshi lacks a carina ventral to to the precoxal sulcus; the carina is the precoxal sulcus; the carina is present present in S. matthewsi (as in Marsh and in S. matthewsi (as in Marsh and Strazanac Strazanac 2009: figs. 4B, 19B). 2009: figs. 4B, 19B). Host associations.—Yu et al. (2005) Host associations.—Unknown. listed Eucrada humeralis (Melsheimer) Distribution.—U.S.A.: Iowa, Kansas, (Coleoptera: Anobiidae); this species Maine, Maryland, Michigan, New York, was not listed in Marsh and Strazanac Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, (2009). In addition to the host associations Virginia, and Wisconsin (Matthews 1970, listed in Yu et al. (2005), S. laflammei Marsh and Strazanac 2009). Marsh and (as S. benefactor) has been reared from Strazanac (2009) reported that S. marshi Fraxinus latifolia Benth. (Oregon ash) ranges as far south as South Carolina and in Oregon infested with Leperisinus cal- also mentioned Wisconsin as part of the ifornicus Swaine and Leperisinus orego- western range in the Nearctic Region. nus Blackman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Specific locality data were not provided (Vernoff 1980). for those states. Distribution.—CANADA: Ontario and Specimens from Konza Prairie.—U.S. Quebec; U.S.A.: Connecticut, Georgia, A., KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza Prairie Illinois, Kansas, Maryland, Massachu- Biological Station, 1 ♀ Kings Creek, setts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, 39°06.209N96°35.779W, 11.v. – 15.v.2001, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Malaise trap York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, (KSUC). Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, and Wisconsin (Vernoff 1980, Spathius trifasciatus Riley Yu et al. 2005). (Fig. 41) — Specimens from Konza Prairie. All Spathius trifasciatus Riley, 1873: 106 U.S.A., KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza [ANSP (syntype ♂), not examined; ♂ Prairie Biological Station; 1 Kings syntype ♀ lost]. Creek, 39°06.209N96°35.779W, 18.v. – Spathius unifasciatus Ashmead, 1893: 22.v.2001, Zolnerowich Kula Brown, 72 [USNM, examined]. Synonymized Malaise trap; 1 ♀ same data as previous in Muesebeck and Walkely (1951). except 4.ix. – 11.ix.2001, Malaise trap 2001-031; 1 ♀ watershed SpB, 39°04.509N Diagnosis.—A carina borders the 96°35.259W, 1.vi. – 8.vi.2001, Zolnerowich precoxal sulcus ventrally in S. trifascia- Kula Brown, Malaise trap (1 ♀ 1 ♂ tus (Marsh and Strazanac 2009: fig. KSUC, 1 ♀ USNM). 19B); the carina is absent in all Nearctic species of Spathius except Spathius Spathius marshi Matthews brunneus Ashmead and S. matthewsi. (Fig. 40) Spathius trifasciatus can be differentiated from S. brunneus,aswellasallother Spathius marshi Matthews, 1970: 30 Nearctic species of Spathius except [USNM, examined]. S. matthewsi, using Marsh and Strazanac Diagnosis.—Spathius marshi can be (2009). Spathius trifasciatus has the frons differentiated from all congeners in entirely and vertex anteriorly (including VOLUME 113, NUMBER 4 487 ocellar field) strigate; S. matthewsi has Deyrup (1979) stated that the holo- the frons virtually smooth (a few strigae type and a paratype of S. matthewsi anteriad ocellar field) and the vertex would be deposited in the USNM, but smooth. The outer portion of the apical we could not locate either specimen in margin of the metatibia bears five to 10 the collection. In addition to features in spines in S. trifasciatus compared to two the diagnosis, Deyrup (1979) indicated bristles in S. matthewsi (Deyrup 1979). that S. trifasciatus has the areola and Host associations.—No host associa- area petiolaris of the propodeum con- tions have been reported beyond those fluent (separated in S. matthewsi). How- listed in Yu et al. (2005). ever, we examined specimens of S. Distribution.—U.S.A.: Colorado, District trifasciatus in the USNM with the areola of Columbia, Illinois, Kansas, Maryland, and area petiolaris separated by a trans- Mississippi, Missouri, New Jersey, New verse carina. We consider those speci- York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Texas, mens S. trifasciatus because they have Virginia, West Virginia, and Wisconsin the frons entirely and vertex anteriorly (Yu et al. 2005, Marsh and Strazanac (including ocellar field) strigate and five 2009). Marsh and Strazanac (2009) men- to eight spines on the metatibia. Matthews tioned Wisconsin as part of the western (1970) and Marsh and Strazanac (2009) range for S. trifasciatus in the Nearctic indicated that S. trifasciatus has six to Region. Specific locality data were not 10 spines on the outer portion of the provided for that state. apical margin of the metatibia, but a — Specimens from Konza Prairie. U.S. specimen in the USNM has five. The A., KANSAS: Riley Co., Konza Prairie specimen of S. trifasciatus from Konza ♀ Biological Station, 1 Kings Creek, Prairie has the frons entirely and vertex ° 9 ° 9 39 06.20 N96 35.77 W, 30.x. – 6.xi.2001, anteriorly (including ocellar field) strigate/ Zolnerowich Kula Brown, Malaise trap strigulate (progressively weaker from frons 2001-079 (KSUC). to vertex), five/six spines on the metatibia Discussion.— Matthews (1970) indi- (intraindividual variation), and the areola cated that an allotype male for this spe- and area petiolaris confluent. cies is at the ANSP. However, Riley Deyrup (1979) also indicated that (1873) described S. trifasciatus from a S. trifasciatus is darker in color than male and a female and did not desig- S. matthewsi and has a different pattern nate a holotype. Therefore, the male of sculpture on the mesoscutum poster- Matthews (1970) considered an allotype omesally and propodeum apically, but is actually a syntype. As pointed out in those differences were not illustrated. Matthews (1970), the female upon Given the absence of illustrations, the which the description of S. trifasciatus is utility of those features cannot be as- primarily based is lost. Matthews (1970) sessed until the type specimens of mentioned the possibility of designating S. matthewsi are located. a neotype, which is further indication that he erroneously regarded the lost ACKNOWLEDGMENTS female specimen as a holotype rather than a syntype. Designation of a neotype We thank Gregory Zolnerowich (Kansas is not a valid nomenclatural act for S. State University) for conceiving and trifasciatus since the missing female is managing the sampling program through a syntype, and the syntype male exists at which specimens for this survey were the ANSP. acquired. We appreciate the efforts of 488 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON

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