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Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 Introduction field (M.P.). Combine the 1 equipment 2 al. Projector Scientist, Wheat 1995). next at The of Rs. using amounted and of operation. operation at be 3.02 of in chopped mass 50mm an Director, crop. APD the straw 0.34 an The cut 58lglsq.m 1653/ha. harvesting Farmers average chopped tJha and Straw Use the field. 94% passing average & stubbles and hath This wheat by Corresponding SPU straw (52%) DASMESH-84l cost practices to recovered. The were> mechanized The as only and leads (E-mail: straw a Therefore, usually straw was (5.81 through revenue straw recovered Retrieval speed leaves reaper Cattle loose and was 67.4%, 4% to Rs. 50mm grain [email protected]) for may author recovered tJha) environmental 48 left bum of S. straw 755/ha of considerable performance The incorporation the generation harvesting Mangarajl the respectively. mm instead ratio Feed· be (E-mail: 2.64 long in out and them straw straw tractor and used mass the from of above at cut of ABSTRACT and km/h wheat effective [email protected]) stubbles which field of in-situ 1.5: reaper, stubbles for reaper and was> An after Central this ofRs. burning pollution. energy 1 the was amount 1 Combine use with The grain of after S.D. for difference the Economic to grain Agricultural ground. hitched field Institute straw left 50 was as assessed 2408 rice net left avoid KulkarnF 1910 straw amounting grain use of cattle mm on of combining capacity income One chopped in and straw into from of the long was the field to About mm harvester long. Agricultural combine Engineering was feed. Harvested approach in 1.3: a field the field. in wheat tractor 591 terms straw Approach was effective operational visually and to 1 In the soil into 96% for is was 22 MJ/ha Average the estimated field a Engineering, field, could Today, was straw of and for wheat has better and kg/ha. lengths estimated of unchopped the noticeable efficiency decomposition. been width retrieved stubbles operated the retrieval, Vol. Field and (bhusa) recover problems option. size (Varshney height These to 29 Bhopal-462038 total of to the be (1-2): of of to develop < for in 2005 the for et www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 cutting combine combine. Materials However Another machines harvesting baler propelled feed. in inputs Wheat up under straw etc. The for operated content) The 2). to was width harvesting radius straw study (Table covered and this the chopper Observations wheat stubbles straw machine used collection for harvesting machine (Thakur crop of for paper with 1). (c.v. the with approach operation of retrieval harvested in individual for The The repeated forage harvester for straw straw and (Fig. methods stubble plots straw and and HI-8498) explored left the was net harvesting machines unit was et Methods and 4) without the on harvesting showed and study. were of cloth harvester) of Istubbles al. hitched is as was is rice-wheat burial in taken the stubble consists harvesting different wheat (high KPL-2,4 retrieval straw 2000). thus 1910 the the recorded field field was operated The used significant trailer from possibility the same to clear. of density retrieval straw. mm. harvesting. connected left and after investigated line after of the Trials straw sizes were: straw from pick-up machines fields the cutter on was zone Average for rear making at diagram The combine combine PTO ram with an the combine differences fuel in were the for windrows 5510 of of is bar, condition as average the chopper behind The field done baler, use economical RUM-1 the through consumption, varying the (Waszkiewicz bhusa height on feeding made of 2 mm field harvesting straw 45 as harvesting windows harvested were wheat,, the either self-loading cattle the forward HP in and left ,5 (size with of of every in straw the density harvester fuel unit, harvester measured tractor cut wheat by Uzbekistan after 3250 application propeller feed. and an of consumption, of use (Eshkaraev, harvester year wheat stubble et straw speed was experimental wheat oats, of stubbles weight wheat al. mm, on chopper, straw The of (DASMESH trailer, straw/stubbles. degrades to 1988). used the and bruising straw field, 2.64km1h shaft. barley retrieval collect height respectively. (Fig. using of left draw with is served was for roll straw The the shown to harvester 2002). labour The over 3) related and be after straw the unit bar the 48mm. attachment three KPL-2,4 baler and study -841), of with used using machine harvester as by chaffs link. barley soil in straw Four and and harvesting after The a harvester and different combine moisture effective Fig. A reported or base Turning as suitable health. blower energy a Power trailer straw straw pick­ cattle straw straw from (Fig. with self­ case I. was for for for www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

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Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 Table Table Table-I: Table- -::S""1.-:-N:'"'"o-. * 4' 5 9 6 3 7 2 8 1 12 10 11 Average Weight Weight Size Stubbles S1. < 12 10 11 9 7 4 5 6 3 2 8 1 No. 50 of 06 2. 3. 4: rom -~P-ar-am-et-er------:V7a71u-e loose ofloose of of25 Masses Specification * Performance Condition Type Length Minimum Field Weight, Overall Unit Size Size Straw Speed Speed straw Mass Effective Turning Turning Effective Fuel Field Average Average Chopped Average Average stubb1es, (including Average (Height in observations. straw different of of price, consumption, capacity, pipe, efficiency, per output, straw, 50 of of blower chopping of of dimension kg blower, chopping radius radius x * height forward operation length straw -150 g/m cutter straw cent height width field different Rs. Diameter), rom (Length tractor Parameter 36 of g/m Particulars t/h length 2 ha (Diameter), of rom of results wheat capacity, recovery, bar, (with (without output, of of of Moisture rpm of drum 2 % total straw /h speed, (LxWxH) drum, and cut cut cut, operation, 1/h cost x rom ranges straw Diameter), trailer), (LxD), rom trailer), of straw, straw straw/stubblesleft mm of kg/h rpm harvester Trai1or), kmIh hath stubb1es, g/m > content rom straw 150 without lengths. rom 2 mm rom mm 58 Rs/ha rom rom o(straw harvester mm mm 5 45 and The mined three 150 hp 3370x2450x2150 on stubble Tractor 320.0 211.0 and proportion 1370x700 the size Value(s) 0.75-1.5 Values 0.4-0.8 431.0 5110 3250 1027 1910 driven 150.0 75000 67.4 0.34 2.64 25-50 581 755 2134 1020 (Table 1785 3.5 48 530 280 16 are field operated > x x grade, 3.8 3.5 150 8.54 > field Performance the was harvester straw The were of collected Analysis after 3). 150 & mm PTO mean namely by found 8.56% physical is measured The chopped mm grain and mass given long of length median from w.b., (Table-3). in stubbles together < field The Results Discussion tion 5.81t/ha availability indicates vesting. straw combining. chopped data of were in 50 the dimension respectively. (Table (Table Table the straw mm, of data of for condi­ wheat length straw deter­ straw straw field with and har­ The 50­ the 4. on 5). 2) of in www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 fuel The The Economics Rs. 6% Grain of amount out distribution Overall during Therefore, Table 2408/- Harvested the after and difference Loose the taking Straw stubble (5.81 and Table lengths, longer stubbles Chopped the plant put 6.56/kg reach were tractor. the consumption. after harvesting straw quantity grain total 5 5. tlha), 5 mean straw recovery at than recovery of grain shows height, rest of random which Size straw left (Summer, the broken of between harvester 1027 straw/stubbles straw combining straw/stubble straw out About resulting 50mm size 4% of and which by prevailing and the with combining of that grain of were without of kg/h the was samples direct straw cutter and yield stubbles 5.81 chopped 20% proportionate 96% chopped (Table et <10 straw very collected 52 greater 10 (Table in at bent, al. and tlha, is recovered of nearly 2.64 bar picking and sale of energy 2003). on on well not straw also and harvester 3). the Mass the left resulted 2 3 4 -50 -40 -30 -20 being 18 11 and and the 6). 220 the each price than km/h varying This accessible loose mass the half 2% on strongly conformed = The per field unchopped straw up During use rnm, straw 16 mass 21 50 of 14 suppressed ofRs. the left difference (3.02 speed. of cent of soil mm. in straw of was length, tractor the mm, could the respectively. field harvester an out straw straw of collection of 31 from 10 field 4 4 8 affected 48 to 0.75/kg tlha) straw average straw chopped < whereas 6 scattered/shattered mIn plots, be to the straw after energy mm 150 was remained operation the was 41 harvested under the revealed of straw biomass mm recovered (Table field combine chopped giving of is by grain visually unit mean in The emphasized straw use >50 chopped the long cutting harvester, the by of was it overall 4). on recovery occurring an and a wheels straw/grain after unchopped the was dropped the into revenue operation noticeable length overall This 3.02 the 591 Median the height wheat machine. observed straw spikelets 10 less straw mean further field respectively, rest was tlha of MJ/ha mm of in mean on than the generation straw with 22.00 remained harvester. the of harvesting. the a assessed was as height straw the ratio in by grain >50mm straw that from on 50 lower the cut of least length Avg. field a their (bhusa) 04 kg/ha. mm account 581g/sq.m non 94% of only field. of stubbles. 0 and 20% combine the at feasible beyond median third surface 1.27:1. the Of of length linear straw were field 52% The and Rs. cut the by of of . www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 Sale combine The Eshkaraev-U-Ch. References Acknowledgement Use Sale Conclusions (i) (v) (iii) (ii) giutrlTechnology Agricultural (iv) Table-6: use Direct Net Grain Cost Gross Straw Particulars price price income, of of of authors recovery, income, recovery, industrial chopped The From the Net Of after Transport-Equipment; The chopped Rs. respectively. soil Khozyaistve. energy mechanized operation, straw of of Economics the harvested post 755/ha Bhusa wheat from income mean straw grain Rs/ha the use, oa mass total Rs/ha harvester gratefully kg/ha harvest kg/ha (HI-8498) = straw into the use. straw Rs/ha height MJ/ha Rs. harvester at combining 2002. ofRs.1653/ha effective straw field O.75Ikg. wheat * lengths and No.2, by left field = of ofthe is Harvesting direct Rs. using was acknowledge harvesting. Project cut recommended fields. on gave 42-43. 6.50Ikg. management < field in Non-foodINon-feed-plant-product). Value(s) 48 stubbles straw the 50, energy the 3020 2408 1653 591 755 which 22 straw mm. could field capacity (NATP), compared straw (CD: the that 94% left out after non-grain be passed the harvesterand Cleaning-Grading-Handling-Storage- for chain. Thus, distribution machine reaper reported burning of on harvesting soil. a as 7 by and put obtained CR New ICAR, better were> financial grain the cattle Rs. faster to the field of through the the field was straw part 1027 755 option combining, that of 50 collection in unchopped net efficiency feed, by Rs. after of of straw ready Indian mm assistance per harvester, the it kg/h income introducing the Delhi, left wheat. for 1653/ha can besides straw grain long. straw ha. . out for in with supply be agriculture. of of 52% to the Tekhnika-v-Sel'skom­ due Verma broken/chopped incorporation straw combine used combining 0.34 chopped without harvester, carry cost at from ensuring field, to straw an was of ha/h as left the of chopped operation out et cattle the recovered operation scooping mechanized was use harvester on and straw al. Instead this 96% would National the uniform of a into feed (1999) 67.4%, useful work. straw straw straw were from field and­ cost the up be of as or of in www.IndianJournals.com Members Copy, Not for Commercial Sale

Downloaded From IP - 14.139.224.90 on dated 23-Dec-2020 Thakur, Waszkiewicz Summer Varshney, Verma, for in different in HairM Agric. utilization SGGW-AR S. T. agricultural India. M straw A. R., c., D, Engg. c., W. C. Kalkat, Bamaga, Jenkins AICRP harvesting technologies and Narang, of 2003. - Agriculture. Today, paddy machinery. Lisowski H. on B Biomass O. S. M, S. Power and and A. 24 and and Hyde of and (4). utilization. wheat A. Singh, Alam, Agric. 21: straw production Tiller. Verma, 1988. P 53-58. R, straw harvesting. A. J. Engg. CIAE, Willium Analysis 8 1999. M. Biomass 1995. - and L. Today. Present Bhopal Straw 2000. Power J allocation F, of Annals and Mutter 15-16: energy status combine- Collection, (M.P.). Tiller Bioenergy. of in R 24-31. and Research and rice Warsaw G, a future Scardacci densification new with labour 24:3, development Agric. and implications prospective. 163-173. inputs Industry C S Univ. And and for