DOCSLIB.ORG

HID Usage Tables for Universal Serial Bus (USB)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
HID Usage Tables for Universal Serial Bus (USB) HID Usage Tables FOR Universal Serial Bus (USB) Version 1.2 1996-2020 USB Implementers’ Forum—All rights reserved. Contributors Contributor Company Abdulkarim Ali Aristocrat Technologies Australia Shubhalakshmi Amin Microsoft Corp. Brian M. Bates ELO Touchsystems Gopu Bhaskar Apple Inc. Fred Bhesania Microsoft Corp. Calai Bhoopathi SCM Micro Anton Cheng Intel Corp. Robert Dezmelyk LCS/Telegraphics Andrew Dye Microsoft Corp. Karthik Elangovan Microsoft Corp. Dan Ellis Displaylink Dave Fleck Wacom Technology Corp Yevgen Goryachok Apple Inc. Ke A Han Intel Corp. Pranav Hippargi Microsoft Corp. Robert Hulvey Broadcom Corp Robert Ingman Microsoft Corp. Slim Jallouli ST Microelectronics Bo Kang ST Microelectronics Mark Lavelle Logitech Rob Lieb Symbol Technologies Inc. Kevin Lynch Synaptics Inc Steve McGowan Intel Corp. Rouella Mendonca Microsoft Corp. Sean O’Brien Google LLC. Mark A. Overby NVIDIA Corp. Juan J. Perez Microsoft Corp. Richard Petrie Nokia Kenneth Ray Microsoft Corp. Denny Rönngren Tobii AB Steve Schumacher LCS/Telegraphics Nathan C. Sherman Microsoft Corp. Alex Shows Dell Don Stern TV Interactive Dmitry Torokhov Google LLC. Reed Townsend Microsoft Corp. Jim Trethewey Intel Corp. Mike Van Flandern Microsoft Corp. Larry Weiss Microsoft Corp. 1 Matthew I. Williams (Chair) Microsoft Corp. Michael Wright Google LLC. Roberto Yepez Apple Inc. Remy Zimmerman Logitech 2 Revision History Revision Issue Date Comments 1.2 July 29, 2020 Incorporate HUT Review Request 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36,37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97. 1.13 May 29, 2020 Updating Intellectual Property Disclaimer. 1.12rc1 October 28, 2004 Incorporate HUT Review Request 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, and 29 1.11 June 27, 2001 Version 1.11 release 1.11rc1 August 7, 2000 Incorporate HUT Review Request 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15,16, 17, and 18. 1.1 April 8, 1999 Version 1.1 release 1.1rc3 February 16, 1999 Correct barcode Usage Page ID. Corrected page numbering. 1.1rc2 January 21, 1999 Incorporate HID Review Request 51. 1.1rc1 October 13, 1998 Incorporate Keyboard Usage Table from the 1.0 HID Specification and HID Review Requests 16, 34, 38, 40, 41, 42, 43, 45, 46, 48 and 49. 1.0 October 30, 1997 Version 1 3 Copyright Copyright © 1996-2020, USB Implementers Forum All rights reserved. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY DISCLAIMER THIS SPECIFICATION IS PROVIDED “AS IS” WITH NO WARRANTIES WHATSOEVER INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, OR ANY WARRANTY OTHERWISE ARISING OUT OF ANY PROPOSAL, SPECIFICATION, OR SAMPLE. TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT OF USB IMPLEMENTERS FORUM’S RIGHTS, USB IMPLEMENTERS FORUM HEREBY GRANTS A LICENSE UNDER COPYRIGHT TO REPRODUCE THIS SPECIFICATION FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY (E.G., ONLY WITHIN THE COMPANY OR ORGANIZATION THAT PROPERLY DOWNLOADED OR OTHERWISE OBTAINED THE SPECIFICATION FROM USB IMPLEMENTERS FORUM, OR FOR AN INDIVIDUAL, ONLY FOR USE BY THAT INDIVIDUAL). THIS SPECIFICATION MAY NOT BE REPUBLISHED EXTERNALLY OR OTHERWISE TO THE PUBLIC. IT IS CONTEMPLATED THAT MANY IMPLEMENTATIONS OF THIS SPECIFICATION (E.G., IN A PRODUCT) DO NOT REQUIRE A LICENSE TO USE THIS SPECIFICATION UNDER COPYRIGHT. FOR CLARITY, HOWEVER, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT OF USB IMPLEMENTERS FORUM’S RIGHTS, USB IMPLEMENTERS FORUM HEREBY GRANTS A LICENSE UNDER COPYRIGHT TO USE THIS SPECIFICATION AS REASONABLY NECESSARY TO IMPLEMENT THIS SPECIFICATION (E.G., IN A PRODUCT). NO OTHER LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY PATENT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED OR INTENDED HEREBY. USB IMPLEMENTERS FORUM AND THE AUTHORS OF THIS SPECIFICATION DISCLAIM ALL LIABILITY, INCLUDING LIABILITY FOR INFRINGEMENT OF PROPRIETARY RIGHTS, RELATING TO IMPLEMENTATION OF INFORMATION IN THIS SPECIFICATION. AUTHORS OF THIS SPECIFICATION ALSO DO NOT WARRANT OR REPRESENT THAT SUCH IMPLEMENTATION(S) WILL NOT INFRINGE SUCH RIGHTS. All product names are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks of their respective owners. Please send comments via electronic mail to hidcomments‘at’usb.org, us the @ sign for ‘at’. 4 Contents 1 Introduction 13 2 Management Overview 14 3 Usage Pages 15 3.1 HID Usage Table Conventions........................................... 17 3.2 Handling Unknown Usages............................................. 18 3.3 Usages and Units.................................................. 19 3.4 Usage Types..................................................... 20 3.4.1 Usage Types (Controls).......................................... 20 3.4.1.1 Linear Control (LC) ...................................... 20 3.4.1.2 On/Off Control (OOC) .................................... 21 3.4.1.3 Momentary Control (MC)................................... 21 3.4.1.4 One Shot Control (OSC).................................... 21 3.4.1.5 Re-Trigger Control (RTC)................................... 21 3.4.2 Usage Types (Data)............................................ 22 3.4.2.1 Selector (Sel).......................................... 22 3.4.2.2 Static Value (SV)........................................ 22 3.4.2.3 Static Flag (SF) ........................................ 22 3.4.2.4 Dynamic Flag (DF) ...................................... 22 3.4.2.5 Dynamic Value (DV)...................................... 23 3.4.3 Usage Types (Collection)......................................... 24 3.4.3.1 Named Array (NAry) ..................................... 24 3.4.3.2 Collection Application (CA).................................. 24 3.4.3.3 Collection Logical (CL) .................................... 24 3.4.3.4 Collection Physical (CP).................................... 24 3.4.3.5 Usage Switch (US)....................................... 24 3.4.3.6 Usage Modifier (UM)...................................... 24 3.4.4 Alternate Types.............................................. 25 3.5 System Controls .................................................. 26 3.5.1 Keyboard.................................................. 26 3.5.2 Mice .................................................... 26 3.5.3 Joysticks .................................................. 26 3.6 HID LANGIDs ................................................... 27 3.6.1 Usage Data Descriptor (0x01) ...................................... 28 3.6.2 Vendor Defined HID LANGID (0x3C - 0x3F) ............................. 29 4 Generic Desktop Page (0x01) 30 4.1 Application Usages................................................. 33 4.2 Axis Usages..................................................... 35 4.3 Miscellaneous Controls............................................... 36 4.3.1 Resolution Multiplier ........................................... 37 4.4 Vector Usages.................................................... 39 4.5 System Controls .................................................. 40 4.5.1 Power Controls............................................... 40 4.6 Buffered Bytes ................................................... 42 4.7 Direction Pads ................................................... 43 4.8 Feature Notifications................................................ 44 4.9 Software Flow Controls............................................... 45 4.10 System Display Controls.............................................. 46 4.11 Computer Sensor Controls............................................. 47 4.12 Wireless Radio Controls.............................................. 48 4.13 Generic Controls .................................................. 49 5 4.14 Spatial Controls................................................... 50 4.15 Dockable Devices.................................................. 52 5 Simulation Controls Page (0x02) 54 5.1 Sports Simulation Device ............................................. 56 5.2 Flight Simulation Devices ............................................. 57 5.3 Automobile Simulation Devices.......................................... 60 5.4 Tank Simulation Devices.............................................. 61 5.5 Maritime Simulation Devices ........................................... 62 5.6 Two-wheeled Simulation Devices ......................................... 63 5.7 Miscellaneous Simulation Devices......................................... 64 6 VR Controls Page (0x03) 65 6.1 VR Control Devices ................................................ 66 6.2 VR Controls..................................................... 67 7 Sport Controls Page (0x04) 68 7.1 Stick Devices .................................................... 69 7.2 Exercise Machines ................................................. 70 8 Game Controls Page (0x05) 71 8.1 3D Game Controller ................................................ 72 8.2 Pinball Device.................................................... 74 8.3 Gun Device ..................................................... 75 8.4 Gamepads...................................................... 76 8.4.1 Gamepad Button Collections....................................... 76 9 Generic Device Controls Page (0x06) 77 9.1 Background/Nonuser Controls........................................... 78 9.2 Device Controls................................................... 79 9.3 Versioning...................................................... 80 9.4 Device Grip Controls................................................ 81 10 Keyboard/Keypad Page (0x07) 82 11 LED
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Freestyle-Pro-Manual.Pdf
    User Manual KB900 Mac/Windows/PC SmartSet™ Cherry Low-Force Switchable Programming Engine Mechanical Keyswitches 1 Kinesis Corporation 22030 20th Avenue SE, Suite 102 Bothell, Washington 98021 USA Keyboard models covered by this manual: [email protected], [email protected] KB900-brn www.kinesis.com April 20, 2018 Edition This manual covers features included through firmware version 1.0.0. To download the latest firmware and to access all support resources visit www.kinesis.com/support. To shop for accessories visit https://www.kinesis-ergo.com/products/: Palm Supports (AC903)- Detachable Palm Supports. VIP3 Pro (AC920)- Adjustable tenting accessory and Palm Supports (5°/10°/15°). Palm Supports required for tenting. V3 Pro (AC930)- Adjustable tenting accessory (5°/10°/15°) for use without Palm Supports. Palm Pads (AC700blk)- Cushioned palm pads for use with Palm Supports. © 2018 by Kinesis Corporation, all rights reserved. Kinesis and Freestyle are registered trademarks of Kinesis Corporation. Freestyle Pro, SmartSet, and v-Drive are trademarks of Kinesis Corporation. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any commercial purpose, without the express written permission of Kinesis Corporation. FCC Radio Frequency Interference Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a residential installation.
    [Show full text]
  • Albere Albe 1
    a b 1 ALBERE ALBERE ALBERE ALBERE ELECTRONICS GmbH ALBERE ELECTRONICS GmbH ALBERE ELECTRONICS GmbH PRODUCT-LIST 2020 All Products Excluding Shipping Fees TM Price per Unit (or otherwise explained) 2 In Euro albere TM albere TM albereGamepads ALBERE ELECTRONICS GmbH ALBERE ELECTRONICS GmbH ALBERE ELECTRONICS GmbH a b 1 ALBERE ALBERE ALBERE ALBERE ELECTRONICS GmbH ALBERE ELECTRONICS GmbH ALBERE ELECTRONICS GmbH ID CATEGORY TITLE TM 2 albere TM albere TM albere ALBERE ELECTRONICS GmbH GAMEPADS Lanjue USB GamePad 13001-S (PC) ALBERE ELECTRONICS GmbH ALBERE ELECTRONICS GmbH GAMEPADS Tracer Gamepad Warrior PC GAMEPADS VR Bluetooth Gamepad White GAMEPADS Esperanza Vibration Gamepad USB Warrior PC/PS3 GAMEPADS Gembird JPD-UDV-01 GAMEPADS Competition PRO Powershock Controller (PS3/PC) GAMEPADS PDP Rock Candy Red GAMEPADS PC Joystick USB U-706 GAMEPADS Konix Drakkar Blood Axe GAMEPADS Gembird USB Gamepad JPD-UB-01 GAMEPADS Element GM-300 Gamepad GAMEPADS Intex DM-0216 GAMEPADS Esperanza Corsair Red GAMEPADS Havit HV-G69 GAMEPADS Nunchuck Controller Wii/Wii U White GAMEPADS Esperanza Fighter Black GAMEPADS Esperanza Fighter Red GAMEPADS VR Bluetooth Gamepad 383346582 GAMEPADS 744 GAMEPADS CO-100 GAMEPADS Shinecon SC-B01 GAMEPADS Gamepad T066 GAMEPADS Media-Tech MT1506 AdVenturer II GAMEPADS Scene It? Buzzers XBOX 360 Red GAMEPADS Media-Tech MT1507 Corsair II Black GAMEPADS Esperanza EGG107R Black/Red GAMEPADS Esperanza Wireless Gladiator Black GAMEPADS 239 GAMEPADS PowerWay USB GAMEPADS Nunchuck Controller Wii/Wii U Red GAMEPADS Powertech BO-23
    [Show full text]
  • Desktop Screen Readers Keyboard Commands for Forms
    Quick Reference Guide: Desktop Screen Readers Keyboard Commands for Forms Screen Reader Keyboard Commands in Common for Forms Task Command Navigate through focusable items Tab (or Shift + Tab to go backward) Activate a button Enter or Space Bar Select a checkbox Tab to the checkbox, then press Space Bar Tab to the group of radio buttons, use the Arrow Keys to Select a radio button choose one of them, then press Space Bar Select an item in a <select> drop- Tab to the <select> field, press Alt/Option + Down Arrow to down list open the list, use Down/Up Arrow to select item, then press Enter Screen Reader Keyboard Commands for Forms Task JAWS NVDA Narrator VoiceOver Forms Mode: (On) (Automatic To Browse/Focus Mode or Scan Mode: Caps Lock + Space Toggle modes when in form element), (Off) Forms Mode: Insert + Space Not Available Bar Numpad Plus Bar Navigate to a form In Document Mode, press F In Document Mode, press F In Scan Mode, press F VO + Command + J Navigate to next form VO + Command + J (or Shift + VO F (or Shift + F to go backward) F (or Shift + F to go backward) F (or Shift + F to go backward) element + Command + J to go backward) Caps Lock + [F5 or F6], then Tab VO + U, then Left/Right Arrow List all form elements Insert + F5 Insert + F7, then Alt + F (twice) to the Scoping drop- until reaching Form Controls list down list and select Form Fields • Insert is the default NVDA modifier key, but Caps Lock can be set as a Recommended browsers: duplicate modifier key (so that it can be used in place of Insert).
    [Show full text]
  • Wireless Networks
    SUBJECT WIRELESS NETWORKS SESSION 2 WIRELESS Cellular Concepts and Designs" SESSION 2 Wireless A handheld marine radio. Part of a series on Antennas Common types[show] Components[show] Systems[hide] Antenna farm Amateur radio Cellular network Hotspot Municipal wireless network Radio Radio masts and towers Wi-Fi 1 Wireless Safety and regulation[show] Radiation sources / regions[show] Characteristics[show] Techniques[show] V T E Wireless communication is the transfer of information between two or more points that are not connected by an electrical conductor. The most common wireless technologies use radio. With radio waves distances can be short, such as a few meters for television or as far as thousands or even millions of kilometers for deep-space radio communications. It encompasses various types of fixed, mobile, and portable applications, including two-way radios, cellular telephones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), and wireless networking. Other examples of applications of radio wireless technology include GPS units, garage door openers, wireless computer mice,keyboards and headsets, headphones, radio receivers, satellite television, broadcast television and cordless telephones. Somewhat less common methods of achieving wireless communications include the use of other electromagnetic wireless technologies, such as light, magnetic, or electric fields or the use of sound. Contents [hide] 1 Introduction 2 History o 2.1 Photophone o 2.2 Early wireless work o 2.3 Radio 3 Modes o 3.1 Radio o 3.2 Free-space optical o 3.3
    [Show full text]
  • Motion and Context Sensing Techniques for Pen Computing
    Motion and Context Sensing Techniques for Pen Computing Ken Hinckley1, Xiang ‘Anthony’ Chen1,2, and Hrvoje Benko1 * Microsoft Research, Redmond, WA, USA1 and Carnegie Mellon University Dept. of Computer Science2 ABSTRACT We explore techniques for a slender and untethered stylus prototype enhanced with a full suite of inertial sensors (three-axis accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer). We present a taxonomy of enhanced stylus input techniques and consider a number of novel possibilities that combine motion sensors with pen stroke and touchscreen inputs on a pen + touch slate. These Fig. 1 Our wireless prototype has accelerometer, gyro, and inertial sensors enable motion-gesture inputs, as well sensing the magnetometer sensors in a ~19 cm Χ 11.5 mm diameter stylus. context of how the user is holding or using the stylus, even when Our system employs a custom pen augmented with inertial the pen is not in contact with the tablet screen. Our initial results sensors (accelerometer, gyro, and magnetometer, each a 3-axis suggest that sensor-enhanced stylus input offers a potentially rich sensor, for nine total sensing dimensions) as well as a low-power modality to augment interaction with slate computers. radio. Our stylus prototype also thus supports fully untethered Keywords: Stylus, motion sensing, sensors, pen+touch, pen input operation in a slender profile with no protrusions (Fig. 1). This allows us to explore numerous interactive possibilities that were Index Terms: H.5.2 Information Interfaces & Presentation: Input cumbersome in previous systems: our prototype supports direct input on tablet displays, allows pen tilting and other motions far 1 INTRODUCTION from the digitizer, and uses a thin, light, and wireless stylus.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Keyboard & Mouse Skills
    Introduction to Keyboard & Mouse Skills PART I: Mouse The mouse is used to interface with your computer. If you’re right- handed, rest your right hand comfortably over the mouse and your index finger will be on the left-click button, your middle finger will be on the wheel, and your ring finger will be on the right-click button. Some left-handed people find it more comfortable to move the mouse to the left of the keyboard and adjust their fingers accordingly. Here are the ways you can use your mouse: Navigate on your screen o Move the mouse and the pointer on your screen moves in tandem with your motion. This allows you to find and select items intuitively o Wheel: spin the wheel up or down to go up or down the ‘page’ of your screen (great for use on the Internet) Select or launch something on your screen (left-click) o Left-click is the most common mouse action. If someone says to click on something, they mean left-click o Left-click on an icon to select it o Double-click means click twice very rapidly on the left side: . For something on your desktop or in file explorer, a single left-click will select the item. This allows you to move, delete, or otherwise arrange the item . To launch an item that can be moved around in this way, you need to double- click . Note that if you’re in an application in which you cannot move around the items (on the Internet, for example), then a single left-click will launch what your pointer is resting on Get a contextual menu (right click) o Right-clicking on an item gives you a short-cut menu, that is specific to what your pointer was resting on.
    [Show full text]
  • Play Any PC Game with a Gamepad Using Joytokey for Those Who Prefer Controllers to Keyboards
    Play Any PC Game with a Gamepad Using JoyToKey For those who prefer controllers to keyboards There was a time when “hardcore” PC gamers would look down on the idea of using a gamepad to play PC games. The mouse and keyboard reigned supreme, especially in the golden age of first person shooters. The truth is that joysticks and gamepads have a rich and storied history on the PC, with genres such as racing and flight simulation virtually requiring it to be playable. The problem is that, for a very long time, gamepads on PC were not really standardized. Without a solid idea of what players would be using, many developers simply didn’t bother developing gamepad support for their titles. Now, largely thanks to console ports, the Xbox controller has become the de facto standard for PC gaming too. Better yet, since so many games are also developed for the Xbox, it’s easy for developers to simply include the control scheme. The end result is that if you hook up an Xbox controller to a modern Windows PC, modern games will seamlessly switch over, even changing the in-game UI to reflect gamepad controls. This is the best of time for those of us who love to game with a gamepad on PC, especially from a couch. However, there are thousands of older PC games that only support a keyboard and mouse. Which leaves us with a bit of an issue. Luckily JoyToKey provides an affordable solution. How To Use JoyToKey JoyToKey is a small application sold for a few dollars that takes gamepad input and converts it to mouse and keyboard output.
    [Show full text]
  • Using Your Smartphone As a Game Controller to Your PC
    Bachelor Thesis Computer Science June 2013 Using your Smartphone as a Game Controller to your PC Marcus Löwegren Rikard Johansson School of Computing BTH-Blekinge Institute of Technology Address: 371 79 Karlskrona, Telephone: +46 455 38 50 00 This thesis is submitted to the School of Computing at Blekinge Institute of Technology in par- tial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor in Computer Science. The thesis is equivalent to 10 weeks of full time studies. Abstract Many people in the world today own a smartphone. Smartphones of today usually have an ad- vanced array of inputs in forms of tilting, touching and speaking, and outputs in forms of visual representation on the screen, vibration of the smartphone and speakers for sound. They also usu- ally have different kinds of connectivity in forms of WLAN, Bluetooth and USB. Despite this we are still not seeing a lot of interaction between computers and smartphones, especially within games. We believe that the high presence of smartphones amongst people combined with the ad- vanced inputs and outputs of the smartphone and the connectivity possibilities makes the smart- phone a very viable option to be used as a game controller for the PC. We experimented with this developing the underlying architecture for the smartphone to communicate with the PC. Three different games were developed that users tested to see if the smartphone’s inputs are good enough to make it suitable for such purpose. We also attempted to find out if doing this made the gaming experience better, or in other words increased the enjoyment, of a PC game.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ergonomic Development of Video Game Controllers Raghav Bhardwaj* Department of Design and Technology, United World College of South East Asia, Singapore
    of Ergo al no rn m u ic o s J Bhardwaj, J Ergonomics 2017, 7:4 Journal of Ergonomics DOI: 10.4172/2165-7556.1000209 ISSN: 2165-7556 Research Article Article Open Access The Ergonomic Development of Video Game Controllers Raghav Bhardwaj* Department of Design and Technology, United World College of South East Asia, Singapore Abstract Video game controllers are often the primary input devices when playing video games on a myriad of consoles and systems. Many games are sometimes entirely shaped around a controller which makes the controllers paramount to a user’s gameplay experience. Due to the growth of the gaming industry and, by consequence, an increase in the variety of consumers, there has been an increased emphasis on the development of the ergonomics of modern video game controllers. These controllers now have to cater to a wider range of user anthropometrics and therefore manufacturers have to design their controllers in a manner that meets the anthropometric requirements for most of their potential users. This study aimed to analyse the evolution of video game controller ergonomics due to increased focus on user anthropometric data and to validate the hypothesis that these ergonomics have improved with successive generations of video game hardware. It has analysed and compared the key ergonomic features of the SEGA Genesis, Xbox, Xbox 360, and PS4 controllers to observe trends in their development, covering a range of 25 years of controller development. This study compared the dimensions of the key ergonomic features of the four controllers to ideal anthropometric values that have been standardised for use in other handheld devices such as TV remotes or machinery controls.
    [Show full text]
  • 10 Keyboard/Keypad Page (0X07) This Section Is the Usagepage for Key Codes to Be Used in Implementing a USB Keyboard
    54 Universal Serial Bus HID Usage Tables 10 Keyboard/Keypad Page (0x07) This section is the UsagePage for key codes to be used in implementing a USB keyboard. A Boot Keyboard (84-, 101- or 104-key) should at a minimum support all associated usage codes as indicated in the “Boot” column below. The usage type of all key codes is Selectors (Sel), except for the modifier keys Keyboard Left Control (0x224) to Keyboard Right GUI (0x231) which are Dynamic Flags (DV). Note A general note on Usages and languages: Due to the variation of keyboards from language to language, it is not feasible to specify exact key mappings for every language. Where this list is not specific for a key function in a language, the closest equivalent key position should be used, so that a keyboard may be modified for a different language by simply printing different keycaps. One example is the Y key on a North American keyboard. In Germany this is typically Z. Rather than changing the keyboard firmware to put the Z Usage into that place in the descriptor list, the vendor should use the Y Usage on both the North American and German keyboards. This continues to be the existing practice in the industry, in order to minimize the number of changes to the electronics to accommodate other languages. Table 12: Keyboard/Keypad Page Ref: Typical AT-101 Usage ID Usage ID Usage Name Position PC- MacUNI Boot (Dec) (Hex) AT X 0 00 Reserved (no event indicated)9 N/A 4/101/104 1 01 Keyboard ErrorRollOver9 N/A 4/101/104 2 02 Keyboard POSTFail9 N/A 4/101/104 3 03 Keyboard ErrorUndefined9
    [Show full text]
  • A Smart and Trustworthy Iot System Interconnecting Legacy IR Devices Zhen Ling , Chao Gao, Chuta Sano, Chukpozohn Toe, Zupei Li, and Xinwen Fu
    3958 IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL, VOL. 7, NO. 5, MAY 2020 STIR: A Smart and Trustworthy IoT System Interconnecting Legacy IR Devices Zhen Ling , Chao Gao, Chuta Sano, Chukpozohn Toe, Zupei Li, and Xinwen Fu Abstract—Legacy-infrared (IR) devices are pervasively used. I. INTRODUCTION They are often controlled by IR remotes and cannot be con- trolled over the Internet. A trustworthy and cost-effective smart HE Internet of Things (IoT) is a world-wide network of IR system that is able to change an IR controllable device into T uniquely addressable and interconnected objects [1], [2]. a smart Internet of Things (IoT) device and interconnect them IoT has broad applications, including smart home, smart city, for smart city/home applications is offered in this article. First, smart grid, and smart transportation. However, there still exist a printed circuit board (PCB) consisting of an IR receiver and a large number of legacy devices, such as infrared (IR) multiple IR transmitters side by side which are capable of trans- mitting about 20 m indoors is designed and implemented. This controllable devices, which cannot be controlled over the IR transceiver board is the first of its kind. Second, the IR Internet. transceiver can be linked up with a Raspberry Pi, for which The IR technology is used in many different fields, includ- we develop two software tools, recording and replaying any IR ing scientific research, business, and military. The IR spectrum signals so as to put the corresponding IR device in control. Third, can be divided into five categories: 1) near IR; 2) short wave- a smartphone can be connected to the Pi by means of a mes- sage queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) cloud server so that length IR; 3) mid wavelength IR; 4) long wavelength IR; and the commands can be sent by the smartphone to the legacy IR 5) far IR [3].
    [Show full text]
  • Glider Handbook, Chapter 2: Components and Systems
    Chapter 2 Components and Systems Introduction Although gliders come in an array of shapes and sizes, the basic design features of most gliders are fundamentally the same. All gliders conform to the aerodynamic principles that make flight possible. When air flows over the wings of a glider, the wings produce a force called lift that allows the aircraft to stay aloft. Glider wings are designed to produce maximum lift with minimum drag. 2-1 Glider Design With each generation of new materials and development and improvements in aerodynamics, the performance of gliders The earlier gliders were made mainly of wood with metal has increased. One measure of performance is glide ratio. A fastenings, stays, and control cables. Subsequent designs glide ratio of 30:1 means that in smooth air a glider can travel led to a fuselage made of fabric-covered steel tubing forward 30 feet while only losing 1 foot of altitude. Glide glued to wood and fabric wings for lightness and strength. ratio is discussed further in Chapter 5, Glider Performance. New materials, such as carbon fiber, fiberglass, glass reinforced plastic (GRP), and Kevlar® are now being used Due to the critical role that aerodynamic efficiency plays in to developed stronger and lighter gliders. Modern gliders the performance of a glider, gliders often have aerodynamic are usually designed by computer-aided software to increase features seldom found in other aircraft. The wings of a modern performance. The first glider to use fiberglass extensively racing glider have a specially designed low-drag laminar flow was the Akaflieg Stuttgart FS-24 Phönix, which first flew airfoil.
    [Show full text]