Genera Et Species Orchidalium. 9. Zygopetaleae

Polish Botanical Journal 51(1): 33–35, 2006

GENERA ET SPECIES ORCHIDALIUM. 9. ZYGOPETALEAE

DARIUSZ L. SZLACHETKO

Abstract. A new genus of the subfamily Vandoideae (Orchidaceae) – Polycycnopsis Szlach., gen. nov. – is described. New combinations in the genus Jennyella Lückel & Fessel are proposed. Taxonomic position of both taxa is brieﬂ y discussed. Key words: Orchidaceae – Vandoideae, Zygopetaleae, Polycycnopsis, Jennyella, neotropics Dariusz L. Szlachetko, Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Gdańsk University, Al. Legionów 9, PL-80-441 Gdańsk, Poland; e-mail: [email protected]

The subtribe Stanhopeinae Benth. consists of 20 lach & Whitten in Schlechter, Die Orchideen, ed. 3, genera known exclusively from neotropics. In most 37–38: 2409. 1999 (2000). genera the gynostemium is elongate, gently arched GENERIC TYPE: Jennyella sanderi (Rolfe) Lückel with rostrate, elongate rostellum, very narrow, slit- & Fessel like stigmatic surface, almost completely hidden by the rostellum, the lamellate tegula and viscidium Leaves plicate. Flowers nonresupinate. Lat- forming a sheath-like structure surrounding the eral sepals connate basally. Gynostemium slightly rostellum middle lobe. The anther is operuclate, arched, elongate or relatively short, stout. Column and the pollinia are strongly dorsiventrally com- part about 3–4 times longer than anther, terete pressed, deeply and unequally cleft. The rostellum throughout its length or in the lower part only, remnant is subulate and rigid. Distinguishing fea- dorsiventrally fl attened and widened in the upper tures of this group on the generic level are the lip half, distinctly winged. Column foot about 5–6 and pollinarium structures. Using these criteria times shorter than column part, narrow, rather deli- during preparation of the 4th volume of Gynostemia cate. Anther ventral, incumbent, operculate, ellip- Orchidalium (Schaetko et al., in prep.) I came to soid-obovoid, slightly dorsiventrally compressed, the conclusion that at least Houlletia Brogn. and 2-chambered. Connective narrow, rather thin. Polycycnis Rchb.f. are polymorphic. I propose Pollinia 2, subequally cleft, dorsiventrally com- a new genus basing on Polycycnis aurita Dressl. pressed, almost fl at, obliquely oblong clavate, hard. and some new combinations at the species level. Caudiculae sticky, amorphous. Apical clinandrium forms a high collar-like structure surrounding the anther back. Stigma very small, transversely slit- Tribe ZYGOPETALEAE Pfi tz. like, deeply concave, almost completely hidden by Entw. Nat. Anord. Orchid.: 103. 1887. rostellum. Rostellum elongate in the middle, linear, blunt or widened at the apex, pendent. Viscidium Subtribe STANHOPEINAE Benth. single, subquadrate, blunt, thin, lamellar. Tegula single, ribbon-like to oblong-pandurate, thin, la- J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 288. 1881. mellar, except the apex, blunt at both ends. Ros- 1. Jennyella Lückel & Fessel tellum remnant unlobed, subulate, hard, cute. NOTE. This genus differs from the closely re- Caesiana 13: 3. 1999. lated Houlletia Brogn. by numerous features. The Houlletia Brogn. subgen. Neohoulletia G. Ger- gynostemium structure of Jennyella is character- 34 POLISH BOTANICAL JOURNAL 51(1). 2006 ized by 2, subequally cleft pollinia, dorsiventrally ETYMOLOGY. In reference to the morphological compressed which are almost fl at, obliquely similarity with the genus Polycycnis Rchb.f. oblong clavate and hard. Apical clinandrium Leaves plicate. Infl orescence many-fl owered. forms a high collar-like structure surrounding Lip divided into hypochile and epichile. Lateral the anther back, the rostellum is blunt or wid- lobes of hypochile linear to oblong. Epichile fi li- ened at the apex, the viscidium is subquadrate, form. Gynostemium arched, elongate, very deli- blunt, thin and lamellar. The tegula is blunt cate. Column part much longer than anther, fi liform at both ends and the rostellum remnant is un- and terete, slightly widened just below stigma, lobed, subulate, hard and acute. In Houlletia and here distinctly winged, wings obliquely trian- the pollinia are 2, subequally cleft, dorsiven- gular, obtuse, thin. Column foot obscure. Anther trally compressed, almost fl at, obliquely oblong subapical, incumbent, operculate, ellipsoid-ovoid, obovoid to obovoid-ellipsoid, hard, the apical dorsiventrally compressed, 2-chambered. Connec- clinandrium forms a narrow collar-like structure tive narrow, rather thick. Pollinia 2, equally cleft, surrounding the anther back, the rostellum is dorsiventrally compressed, almost fl at, obliquely linear-lanceolate, acute. The viscidium is single, oblong ellipsoid-clavate, hard. Caudiculae sticky, elliptic-ovate with acute base, thin, lamellar, the amorphous. Apical clinandrium forms a narrow tegula is subacute at both ends, the rostellum collar-like structure surrounding the anther back. remnant is unequally 3-lobed: the middle lobe Stigma very small, transversely slit-like, deeply is ribbon-like, truncate, rather soft, both lateral concave, almost completely hidden by rostellum. lobes are obliquely subquadrate, subacute. Ad- Rostellum elongate in the middle, linear with lan- ditionally both genera differ one from another ceolate, acute apex, pendent. Viscidium single, also in fl ower structure. In Jennyella fl owers are oblong elliptic, bilobed at the apex, thin, lamellar, nonresupinate, and the lateral sepals are broad, sticky. Tegula single, ribbon-like, acute at both partially connate at the base, whereas in Houl- ends, thin, lamellar, slightly thickened at the apex. letia the fl owers are resupinate and the lateral Rostellum remnant 3-lobed at the apex, the middle sepals are free and narrow. lobe the longest, all lobes subulate, acute, rigid. The genus includes the following species known from the northern part of South America. NOTE. The new genus differs from Polycycnis The new combinations are herein made: by the lip form – it has a fi liform epichile and linear to oblong lateral lobes of the hypochile. Both Jennyella conspersa (P. Ortiz) Szlach., comb. nov. genera share the same gynostemium structure. Four species are recognized in this new genus, Basionym: Houlletia conspersa P. Ortiz, Orquideologia 19(3): 4. 1994. occurring from Panama to Ecuador and Suriname:

Jennyella wallisii (Linden & Rchb.f.) Szlach., Polycycnopsis aurita (Dressl.) Szlach., comb. nov. comb. nov. Basionym: Polycycnis aurita Dressl., Orquideologia Basionym: Houlletia wallisii Linden & Rchb.f., Gard. 12(1): 6, 11. 1977. Chron. 611. 1869. Polycycnopsis ornata (Garay) Szlach., comb. nov. 2. Polycycnopsis Szlach., gen. nov. Basionym: Polycycnis ornata Garay, Canad. J. Bot. 34(2): 256. 1956. A genere afﬁ ni Polycycnis Rchb.f. morphologia labelli recedit, id est epichilio ﬁ liformi and lobis lateralibus Polycycnopsis surinamensis (C. Schweinf.) hypochilii angustatis vel elongatis. Szlach., comb. nov.

GENERIC TYPE: Polycycnopsis aurita (Dressl.) Basionym: Polycycnis surinamensis C. Schweinf., Bull. Szlach. (= Polycycnis aurita Dressl.). Torrey Bot. Club 75: 224. 1948. D. SZLACHETKO: GENERA ET SPECIES ORCHIDALIUM 9 35

Polycycnopsis tortuosa (Dressl.) Szlach., comb. Marcus Koch for access to liquid and living orchids’ nov. collections in the Botanical Garden of the University of Heidelberg (HEID), and to the anonymous reviewer for Basionym: Polycycnis tortuosa Dressl., Orquideologia valuable comments on the manuscript. This article was 12: 120. 1977. prepared at the Heidelberg University thanks to a grant from the Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung (V-8121/ POL/1067782), Polish State Committee for Scientiﬁ c ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. I am grateful to Professor Ryszard Research (KBN grant 510/P04/2004/27) and Gdańsk Ochyra for latinization of the diagnosis, to Professor University (grant BW/14AO-5-0250-5).

Received 2 February 2006