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4 PUTTING U.S. SPECIAL PLACES AT RISK 1 5 With more DilBit coming into the in pipelines built under2 conventional oil standards, it is important to understand the water resources, habitat, and wildlife at risk from existing6 DilBit pipelines throughout the Midwest as 3 well as from the proposed Keystone XL pipeline to . 7 The information and map featured here are excerpted from the NRDC4 publication, Tar Sands Pipelines Safety Risks. The full report and references can be found at: http://www.nrdc.org/energy/tarsandssafetyrisks.asp8 5 1 Great Lakes 9 Shortgrass Prairie and Mountain Plover 6 The Great Lakes are the largest source of freshwater The South Dakota Shortgrass prairie regions, 2 10 in the world, and provide for 40 7 through which the Keystone pipeline passes and 3 million American and Canadian citizens. the proposed Keystone XL pipeline would pass, are

© Jimmy Brown pipelines that sometimes carry DilBit run through the 8 © Bryan Guarente important habitat for the Mountain Plover, proposed 4 Great Lakes region close to Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, for listing as threatened under the Endangered Species Act. 9 and Lake Erie. 51 10 Pronghorn Antelope Habitat 62 Lake St. Clair and the St. Clair River The Keystone XL pipeline would traverse pronghorn The St. Clair River provides drinking water for antelope habitat in , further fragmenting 3 7 millions in Southeast Michigan and was threatened already-threatened migration routes. Pronghorn are by a potentially faulty section of the Enbridge a unique American species whose movements are 84

© Pete Williamson pipeline that runs under the river and is due to be very sensitive to roads and human activity. 951 replaced in early 2011. The St. Clair River drains into Lake St. Clair, the Detroit River, and Lake Erie. 62 10 Select Rivers Threatened by 73 Indiana Dunes United States DilBit Pipelines 1 Enbridge pipelines run near the biologically rich 84 and recreationally important Indiana Dunes, on the River 2 southern shore of Lake Michigan. The longest river on the continent and the route of the Lewis and Clark 95 3 Gill © Tom expedition, the Missouri is crossed by pipelines in numerous places, 160 including by Keystone pipeline on the South Dakota- border 1 4 Deep Fork Wildlife Management Area and the -Missouri border, by Enbridge pipelines in Missouri, and 7 2 In , the proposed Keystone XL pipeline by the proposed Keystone XL pipeline in Montana, near the relatively 5 8 would cut through this 11,900 acre haven for game isolated Upper Breaks National Monument. 3 6 and non-game species, including Bobwhite Quail, 9 turkeys, bobcats, and Bald Eagles. 4 17 In Montana, the proposed Keystone XL pipeline would cross the 10 5 Native Prairies and the Threatened Yellowstone River, a major tributary into the Missouri River and the 8 2 Topeka Shiner Minnow longest undammed river in the lower 48 states. The river is of vital use 6 for fishermen and recreationalists, and is a major irrigation source for 39 In Kansas, the proposed Keystone XL pipeline farmers and ranchers. 7 would cross native prairies and may affect critically 140 1 designated habitat for the federally endangered

8 © Joan Kovatch Topeka Shiner minnow. River 5 2 The Keystone pipeline crosses the Mississippi River in Missouri, near 9 6 Whooping Crane and Sandhill Crane Habitat the confluence of the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers, and terminates 3 10 The proposed Keystone XL pipeline would cross just across the river in . Enbridge pipelines cross the northern 7 4 the in Nebraska, an important stop- part of the Mississippi River in Minnesota. over site on the migration path of the endangered 8

5 © Phil Kates Whooping Crane. Sandhill Cranes also use the 1 9 area as a nesting site. In Michigan, an Enbridge pipeline crosses the Kalamazoo River 6 2 which flows into Lake Michigan. A spill from this pipeline has already 10 7 damaged the river ecosystem and threatened nearby communities 3 The proposed Keystone XL pipeline crosses and the Great Lakes. 8 4 the Ogallala Aquifer, one of the world’s largest Red River 9 freshwater aquifers that provides 30 percent of the

5 © Emily Andersen ground water used for irrigation in the United States, The Red River serves an important breeding ground for the highly 10 and drinking water for millions of Americans. The aquifer covers areas endangered Interior Least Tern, which requires feeding areas with 6 in South Dakota, Nebraska, Wyoming, Colorado, Kansas, Oklahoma, shallow waters and an abundance of small fish. The proposed Keystone XL pipeline would cross the Red River on the Oklahoma- 7 New Mexico, and Texas. Texas border. 8 Prairie Potholes and Migratory Birds In South Dakota, the Keystone XL pipeline route tracks Neches River 9 the Central and Mississippi migratory bird flyways, The Neches River is the last river in East Texas with abundant wildlife, 10 and cuts through the prairie pothole ecosystem that clean water, scenic river vistas, and forests. The proposed Keystone XL is critically important nesting and migratory staging pipeline would cross the Neches River in Texas. areas for many ducks, including Pintails and Mallards. Hudson Bay Fort McMurray

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Calgary Ontario Regina Winnipeg M issouri River Helena 10 Lake Superior Montana Bismarck 1 Y e River Minnesota ellowston Superior Lake Huron 9 Pierre Lake Saint Paul Wisconsin Idaho 8 Michigan Ontario M Lake i South Dakota ss Michigan is Wyoming s Lake i p Kalamazoo p Erie i River 2

R iv e r Nebraska 6 Iowa Chicago Pennsylvania 7 3 Ogallala Aquifer Lincoln Indiana Ohio Utah Illinois Steele City Springfield Colorado West Patoka Kansas Virginia Topeka St. Louis Wood River Kentucky 5 Missouri Arizona North Carolina Cushing New Mexico Oklahoma City 4 Oklahoma Arkansas South Carolina

R ed R iver Mississippi Georgia N e c h e Tar Sands Region s R i ve Keystone Pipeline Austin r Florida Proposed Keystone Texas Port Arthur XL Pipeline Enbridge Pipelines

© NRDC 2011