NATIONAL OPTICAL ASTRONOMY OBSERVATORIES
NATIONAL OPTICAL ASTRONOMY OBSERVATORIES
QUARTERLY REPORT
OCTOBER - DECEMBER 1993
February 22,1994 TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. INTRODUCTION 1
II. SCIENTIFIC HIGHLIGHTS 1 A. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory 1 1. Diffuse Ha Emission in the Virgo Cluster Associated with the 3C 273 Lyman-a Clouds 1 2. The Lyman-a Forest at z 4 2 B. Kitt Peak National Observatory 3 1. Agreement in Extragalactic Distance Scales 3 2. Elliptical Galaxies Affected by Environment 3
3. The Barium Star Scenario 4 C. National Solar Observatory 5 1. Time-Distance Helioseismology 5
2. New Near-Infrared Solar Coronal Observations at NSO/Sac Peak 5 3. Formation of the He I 10830 nm Line in the Sun and Solar-like Stars 5
III. PERSONNEL AND BUDGET STATISTICS, NOAO 6 A. Visiting Scientists 6
B. New Hires 6
C. Terminations 6 D. Change of Status 6 E. Gemini 8-m Telescopes Project V
F. Chilean Economic Statistics 7 G. NSF Foreign Travel Fund 7
IV. US Gemini Project Office 7
Appendices Appendix A Telescope Usage Statistics Appendix B Observational Programs Appendix C NOAO Annual Safety Report and Statistics Table I. INTRODUCTION
This document covers scientific highlights and personnel changes for the period 1 October - 31 December 1993. Highlights emphasize concluded projects rather than work in progress. The NOAO Newsletter Number 37 (March 1994) contains information on major projects, new instrumentation, and operations. The appendices to this report summarize telescope usage statistics and observational programs.
II. SCIENTIFIC HIGHLIGHTS
A. Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory
1. Diffuse Ha Emission in the Virgo Cluster Associated with the 3C 273 Lyman-a Clouds
Absorption lines at (observed) wavelengths shorter than the redshifted Lyman-a emission are common features in the spectra of high-redshift quasars. The normal interpretation of these features is that they arise from intervening objects on the line of sight to the quasar. Some of the systems exhibiting large column density Lyman-a lines and usually also containing metal lines are thought to arise from the interstellar medium in the disks or halos of (more or less) normal galaxies, but many of the systems, the so-called "Lyman-a forest", show only moderate to low column-density hydrogen absorption. The physical nature of the clouds causing the Lyman-a forest absorption is uncertain. The distributions of column density and number with redshift are not well-constrained, in part, due to the difficulty of observing z < 1.6 absorption systems with ground-based telescopes.
One of the most exciting results obtained early-on with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) by Bahcall et al. and Morris et al. was the surprisingly large number of low column density Lyman-a absorption lines at low redshift along the line of sight to the bright and relatively nearby (z = 0.158) quasar 3C 273. The velocities of the two lowest redshift lines, 1010 km/s and 1580 km/s, fall within the range of velocities of the Virgo cluster of galaxies, which lies in the foreground of the quasar. These two Lyman-a absorbers are the nearest known examples of such systems and thus provide the best chance for investigating the characteristics of this mysterious class of objects.
Deep broad-band optical images of 3C 273 previously obtained from ground-based observatories reveal no obvious structures that might be associated with the Lyman-a absorbers. Morris et al. carried out intermediate-and broad-band optical imaging and a spectroscopic survey to attempt to detect dwarf galaxies or ionized gas at the velocities of the Lyman-a absorbers but found no plausible objects. There is a large gas cloud, discovered by Giovanelli and Haynes in 1989, at a velocity intermediate between the two Lyman-a velocities and at a projected distance of 250 kpc to the 3C 273 line of sight, which may be associated with the Lyman-a absorbers.
Using an imaging Fabry-Perot Interferometer, developed at Rutgers University, on the CTIO 4-m telescope in April 1992, T.B. Williams (Rutgers U.) and R.A. Schommer (CTIO) obtained new images of the region around 3C 273 at an effective resolution of 2.4 A (FWHM) in an attempt to detect diffuse H-a emission associated with the Lyman-a absorbers. Although the Fabry-Perot data are much narrower-band than the previous optical observations of this field, and thus allow considerably fainter detection limits for any possible H-a emission, the analysis of these observations is complicated by the atmospheric OH vibration- rotation emission lines which dominate the night sky spectrum at 6577, 6597, and 6604 A. These lines vary significantly in strength independently and on short timescales and thus present a challenge for accurate sky subtraction. In order to minimize these problems, Williams and Schommer divided the individual exposures of 3C 273 into four groups, with the images of each group taken consecutively within a 1 hr time interval and at a common offset position with respect to the quasar. Lines at the tabulated wavelengths of the OH lines at 6597 and 6604 A and with the instrumental profile shape were then fitted to each of the four group spectra.
All four of the resulting residual spectra reveal faint, diffuse line emission at a wavelength of 6600.3 A. Fearing that this emission might be due to errors in subtracting the wings of the strong OH night sky lines, Williams and Schommer undertook to re-observe the region of the quasar and another blank sky region 30 degrees away from the Virgo cluster but at the same airmass with the CTIO 1.5-m telescope in April 1993. The line at 6600.3 A was again detected in the quasar field, butno trace of this emission was seen in the blank sky field. This test assures that the line does not arise from the atmosphere. The most likely interpretation is that the line corresponds to H-a emission at a heliocentric velocity of 1713 +- 13 km/s. Because the emission is so faint, Williams and Schommer could provide little information about its spatial distribution, other than to say that it appears to be roughly uniform over the 2.75 and 6.67 arcmin fields observed on the 4-m and 1.5-m telescopes. Assuming a distance of 16 Mpc to the Virgo cluster, the field sizes for the two telescopes translate to 13 and 36 Kpc, respectively, at Virgo. The velocity agreement with the HST Lyman-a system at 1580 km/s is close enough to assume that this diffuse emission cloud is the structure responsible for the Lyman-a absorption. A UV flux approximately three orders of magnitude greater than the expected extragalactic background would be required to produce the observed H-a emission, which suggests that local sources within the Virgo cluster must be responsible for the ionization of this cloud.
2. The Lyman-a Forest at z 4
The population of sharp absorption features shortward of Lyman-a emission in the spectra of high redshift QSOs, known as the Lyman-a forest, yields important information on physical conditions in the early universe. By fitting absorption line profiles to high resolution QSO spectra, it is possible to determine the redshift, HI column density and Doppler parameter of each Lyman-a absorber. The distributions of these quantities reveal a redshift number density dNIdz °= (1+z) 2.5 for redshifts 1.8 < z < 3.6, indicating significant evolution. The dNIdz distribution thins out in the vicinity of the backlighting QSO. Knowing the QSO's actual luminosity allows an estimate of the absolute diffuse ultraviolet background flux at that epoch. The Doppler parameter distribution exhibits a mean of 30 km s"1 with a dispersion of 15 km s"1, and the HI column density distribution is well-approximated by a power law dNldNm = N^l Both of these distributions show no significant variation over 1.8 < z < 3.6, which corresponds to 1-2 x 109 years. The lack of evolution in these parameter distributions over such a long timescale contrasts sharply with the rapid number evolution of the Lyman-a forest systems, and yields few clues for understanding the physical nature of Lyman-a clouds. The most successful model to reproduce the observations proposes them to be subgalactic mass clouds, undergoing little if any star formation, which decrease in number over time via dissipation or mergers. However, the formation and evolutionary mechanisms of such systems remain unknown.
The recent discovery of BR 1033-03, an 18th magnitude QSO at z = 4.5, has pushed back significantly the redshift limit for Lyman-a cloud studies. G. Williger and J. Baldwin (CTIO), R. Carswell, A. Cooke, M. Irwin, R. McMahon, and L. Storrie-Lombardi (Inst, of Astron., U. of Cambridge) and C. Hazard (U. of Pittsburgh) have observed this object with the CTIO 4-m telescope using the echelle spectrograph with the long camera and large-format Tek 20482 CCD at a resolution of 12 km s"1. Several key discoveries have resulted. The diffuse UV background flux at z = 4.5 is estimated to be a factor of three lower than at 1.8 < z < 3.6. This could be caused either by fewer UV sources or a more opaque universe at early epochs. The Doppler parameter distribution for systems where the effect of the QSO ionizing flux is small (3.7 < z < 4.3) has an excess at values ~ 20 km s"1 compared with lower redshifts. This may be due to the lower ionizing flux at z ~ 4.2, which would reduce the heating of the gas. While there is no indication that the shape of the HI column density distribution changes significantly, the redshift dependence of the total number of systems is stronger than found at lower redshifts, with the number of systems per unit redshift dNIdz °= (1 + z)46. Finally, there is no evidence for continuously distributed HI absorption (the Gunn-Peterson effect) at these redshifts. All of these findings provide important new constraints for the testing of Lyman-a cloud models. These in turn will give more detailed information on the physical conditions in the early universe, which is crucial to understanding large-scale structure and galaxy evolution.
B. Kitt Peak National Observatory
1. Agreement in Extragalactic Distance Scales
Two innovative techniques have been claimed to produce measurements of extragalactic distances out to 20 Mpc with an accuracy of at least 10%. One relies on the Planetary Nebula Luminosity Function (PNLF), which is found to have a sharp turnover in the relative number of objects with the highest [O III] luminosities. The absolute luminosity of the break is insensitive to the parent population's age or metallicity. The other technique is that of Surface Brightness Fluctuations (SBF), which is based on the meanmagnitude andspecific density of giantstars in an old stellar population being a predictable function of the galaxy's integrated color.
Despite thesefundamental differences in approach, the twotechniques appearto produce distances in close agreement with eachother. To test that finding explicitly, the proponents compared the results directly for 15 galaxies. Ciardullo, Jacoby and Tonry (ApJ, 1993, 419, 479) found that the two scales are offset by only 0.07 ± 0.03 mag, which can be attributed entirely to the uncertainties associated with the measurements and extinction towards the Local Group calibrators, M31 and M32. The scatter in the difference between the PNLF and SBF distance determinations of 0.17 mag is in exact agreement with that predicted from the internal uncertainties of the two methods. That result precludes any large systematic errorin eithertechnique, which could arise from patchy extinction for the SBFmethod or from some power-law tail to the PNLF. The striking consistency between the two methods, one dependent on the irradiation and cooling of gaseous nebulae, the other on the evolution of stars on the giant and asymptotic giant branches, gives strong support for the distances derived. Those distances have favored a "large" value for the Hubble constant of about 80 km/s/Mpc, and continue to force the discrepancy between the apparent dynamic age of the Universe and the ages of the oldest stars.
2. Elliptical Galaxies Affected by Environment
The reliability of distance determinations to elliptical galaxies was significantly increased by thediscovery of a strong correlation among effective radius, average surface brightness, and velocity dispersion. This relationship is called the fundamental plane, and was used to identify large-scale streaming motions attributed to the Great Attractor. An important question is whether the physical properties of elliptical galaxies implied by the fundamental plane relationships are modified at all by the environment in which the ellipticals are found.
To investigate this question, Zepf and Whitmore (ApJ, 1993, 418, 72) observed a sample of 32 elliptical galaxies in Hickson Compact Groups. Such groups have a high central density of galaxies with low relative velocity dispersion. They used a combination of telescopes, with imaging coming from the KPNO 0.9-m telescope and spectroscopy from the KPNO and CTIO 4-m telescopes, to obtain isophotal information and central velocity dispersions. In comparison with a more general sample ofellipticals, they found that the ellipticals in compact groups had significantly lower velocity dispersions, were less likely to be perfectly elliptical or to have "boxy" isophotes, and were more likely to have isophotes with asymmetric distortions. A correlation exists between lower central velocity dispersion and "disky" isophotal shapes, suggesting a component of rotational support. The environment of compact groups is very conducive to strong tidal interactions and mergers. Zepf and Whitmore conclude that such an environment has modified the structure and dynamics of the ellipticals in their sample. Further verification may allow further refinement of the fundamental plane for environmental impact, and increase yet further the reliability of distance determinations for ellipticals.
3. The Barium Star Scenario
Certain G and K giants show an unusually strong ionized barium line in their classification spectra. Further analysis shows that these stars have an enhanced surface abundance of the elements generated by the s-process of slow neutron capture. Such elements should not appear on the stellar surface until the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stage in single stars, so these systems must reflect the effects of a binary companion. If Roche lobe mass exchange occurred early in the giant branch phase, the companion would also not make it to the AGB. A possible explanation is enrichment of the less massive star by a wind from the more massive star as it moved from the AGB to the white dwarf stage. The discovery of some white dwarf companions to known barium giants supported this scenario.
New orbital determinations by Fekel and collaborators (AJ, 1993, 106, 2370) have produced new insights on this problem in the case of three binaries with G and K giants with active chromospheres. They used the KPNO Coude" Feed telescope to obtain accurate spectral types and to monitor the systems for radial velocity variations over the course of years. One system has a period of 20.7 days and a hot sub-dwarf companion is detectable in the ground-based ultraviolet. The former primary in that system must have started mass transfer on its first ascent to the giant branch, and could not have brought s-process elements to the surface. The current giant does not show abundance anomalies, consistent with that picture. The second system shows a mild barium enhancement, has a period of 14 years, and a hot white dwarf companion was detected with IUE. That system must have been a detached system at all times, supporting the model of mass transfer by an enhanced stellar wind. The last system has a period of 2.47 years and a low eccentricity orbit, consistent with the properties of other barium giants. It also has a hot white dwarf companion detected with IUE, but does not show any s-process enhancement. Thus, the existence of a white dwarf companion is not sufficient to produce a barium star. Further exploration of the evolutionary theory will be required, particularly the dependence of enhanced s-process surface abundances during the AGB phase versus metallicity to account for the full range of observed phenomena. C. National Solar Observatory
1. Time-Distance Helioseismology
The application of seismology to the study of the solar interior has advanced almost solely by the prediction and measurement of the Sun's frequencies of free oscillation. Direct measurement of the travel times and distances of individual acoustic waves~the predominant approach in terrestrial seismology- would appear to be more difficult in view of the number and stochastic nature of solar seismic sources. T. Duvall, S. Jefferies, J. Harvey, and M. Pomerantz (Bartol), showed that it is possible to extract time-distance information from temporal cross-correlations of the intensity fluctuations on the solar surface. The basic concept is simple: Waves travelling along subsurface curved ray paths as shown in the accompanying figure reach the surface at two locations. The signal as observed at these two locations is strongly correlated at a time difference corresponding to the travel time along the path. By measuring this time difference as a function of the distance of separation of the two surface locations, it is possible to develop a plot of the travel time versus the distance separation, a plot familiar from seismology. In the initial work, the new technique was used to show that acoustic waves with frequencies greater than the acoustic cutoff frequency are not significantly reflected by the solar atmosphere, with their reflection coefficient being <2%. This approach opens the way for seismic studies of local solar phenomena, such as subsurface inhomogeneities near sunspots, and should help to refine global models of the internal velocity stratification in the Sun.
2. New Near-Infrared Solar Coronal Observations at NSO/Sac Peak
The first ground-based observations of the Si X coronal emission were made using the 40-cm coronagraph, 3-m Littrow spectrograph, and the Michigan Infrared Camera at the Evans Solar Facility. Two previous observations of this line were made from aircraft flying in the path of a total eclipse. The new wavelength measurement of 1430.08 ± 0.01 nm places the emission in the center of a small atmospheric transmission window—a lucky break for observers! More coronal emission wavelength measurements were made; this time for the two "well-known" Fe XIII emission lines. The new wavelengths for these lines are 1074.62 ± 0.01 nm and 1079.78 ± 0.01 nm. Surprisingly, these Fe XIII positions have not been updated since the lines were discovered by Lyot in the 1930s.
The intensity of the Si X emission is rather faint; the measured intensities range from 1 to 10 millionths of the solar disk center brightness. This is very different from some recent work which suggested that the brightness would be 100 millionths! The 1075 nm Fe XIII emission ranged from 15 to 45 millionths of Sun center brightness, while the 1080 nm emission was about 5 millionths. This work will be detailed in a forthcoming paper.
3. Formation of the He I 10830 nm Line in the Sun and Solar-like Stars
Vincenzo Andretta, a visiting graduate student from the University of Naples, completed his doctoral research on the solar formation of the He I 10830 nm line under the supervision of H. Jones and M. Giampapa. Andretta examined in detail the ionization and excitation equilibria of He from full non-LTE calculations which he obtained with the Carlsson-Scharmer "MULTI" code. He showed that solar models with a "Lyman" plateau in the transition region form the 10830 nm line through a "two-cloud" process where photo-recombination in the upper cloud photoionizes He I in the lower cloud at the base of the transition region leading to population of triplet levels of He I through recombination. Reasonable scaling of the Lyman plateau with chromospheric pressure leads to increased 10830 nm line strength in active-region models, in agreement with observation. Coronal EUV radiation adds to this process. Since the controlling factor is the density and extent of the low-temperature transition region, an increase in chromospheric density alone does not increase 10830 nm line strength as some investigators have suggested.
III. PERSONNEL AND BUDGET STATISTICS, NOAO
A. Visiting Scientists (visitors who arrived this quarter for a stay of one month or more).
NOAOFaaliry Arrived Name Institution Visited 10/27/93 Xiaobin Liu Yunnan Observatory NOAO/Tucscn 11/30/93 Erakan Rasanayagam University of Arizona NSO/Tucson 11/30/93 Reed Riddle University of Arizona NSO/Tucson
B. New Hires
Date Name Position NQAODivEicn 10/01/93 Jacques Beckers Director NSO/Assoc. Director NOAO NSO 10/04/93 Barry Infuso Food Service Manager KPNO 10/19/93 Stephane Courteau Research Associate KPNO 11/01/93 Elizabeth Alvarez Research Coordinator KPNO 11/08/93 Malcolm Smith Director CTIO/Assoc. Director NOAO CTIO 11/30/93 Sidney D'Silva Research Associate NSO/Tucson 12/01/93 Yuhong Fan Research Associate NSO/Tucson 12/01/93 Yiming Gu Research Associate NSO/Tucson
C. Terminations
Date Name Position NOAODAiam 10/01/93 William Livingston Astronomer/Tenure NSO/Tucson 10/10/93 Alain Porter Associate in Research KPNO 11/05/93 Roger Luce Senior Engineer KPNO 12/03/93 Guy Gallaway Admin. Manager, NSO/SP NSO/Sunspot
D. Change of Status
Date Name Position NOAODfviscn 10/01/93 Robert Howard Change from full-time to part-time NSO/Tucson 10/01/93 James Kennedy Assistant to NSO Director/Project Mgr. to Gong Project Manager NSO/GONG 10/01/93 John Leibacher Director NSO/Assoc. Director, NOAO to GONG Project Dir./Astronomer Tenure NSO/GONG 10/01/93 Raymond Smartt Deputy Director, NSO to Astronomer/Tenure NSO/Sunspot E. Gemini 8-m Telescopes Project
Terminations
Date Name Position 11/30/93 Stephen Pompea Associate Scientist
F. Chilean Economic Statistics FY 1993 - 1994
%Change Cum. Change Avr. monthly Month in CPI in CPI Pesos/Dollars July 1.0 12.8 411.98 August 2.1 13.6 410.88 September 1.2 12.3 411.28 October 2.6 2.6 414.51 November 0.1 2.7 418.58 December 0.2 2.9 433.28
G. NSF Foreign Travel Fund
For the quarter 1 October through 31 December 1993, a total of $6,742.06 was paid out of the NSF Foreign Travel account for visits to the following sites and institutions:
Las Campanas Observatory, La Serena, Chile, La Palma Observatory, Tenerife, Canary Islands (Spain), Anglo-Australia Telescope.
IV. US Gemini Project Office
The US Gemini Project Office is a new division of NOAO which serves as a liaison between the US community and the international Gemini Project. Todd Boroson, formerly a Kitt Peak staff astronomer, has been hired in the position of US Gemini Project Scientist, the head of this division. The office will be expanded over the next few months with the addition of a technical assistant and a managing engineer. In a general sense, the duties of the US Gemini Project Office include keeping the community informed of issues within the project, interacting with the community to arrive at representative points of view, and bringing back to the project arguments in favor of those points of view. More specifically, the near-term issues include the development of an instrumentation plan with active participation by the US community and the development of a plan for US access to the two telescopes after the construction phase. In addition, the office will make an effort to increase the visibility of the project and will attempt to involve a greater fraction of the US astronomical community in planning for the use of the Gemini telescopes. APPENDIX A
Telescope Usage Statistics
October - December 1993
Astronomical Observations Scheduled Maintenance, Instrument Tests, Hours Used Hours Lost Equipment Changes, Hours Telescope Visitors Staff Weather Equipment Engineering, etc. Scheduled
4-m 882.5 438.6 230.5 101.5 21.7 90.2
1.5-m 858.1 684.1 64.7 59.6 12.4 37.2
1-m 663.9 515.7 0.0 131.7 3.0 13.5
CTIO 0.9-m 853.1 612.7 122.0 73.0 20.7 24.7
*0.6/0.9-m 420.4 265.6 112.3 22.0 3.0 17.5
0.6-m 179.9 152.9 0.0 21.5 5.5 0.0
4-m 1037.5 542.19 64.3 294.0 48.5 88.5
2.1-m 1014.5 554.89 76.11 273.75 28.25 81.5
Coude Feed 1003.9 616.8 77.25 289.85 6.0 14.0
KPNO 1.3-m 927.95 440.3 27.25 366.2 30.2 64.0
0.9-m 955.65 374.42 66.43 371.8 42.0 101.0
Schmidt 403.2 253.34 21.56 109.55 0.75 18.0
Hilltop Dome 1714.0 328.0 789.0 508.0 89.0 0.0
Vac. Tower/SP 790.0 222.0 295.0 263.0 10.0 0.0
Evans Facility 1360.0 265.0 547.0 503.0 45.0 0.0
NSO **FTSLab 477.0 296.0 19.0 49.0 31.0 82.0
**McMath-Pierce 1358.0 791.0 103.0 392.0 42.0 30.0
Vacuum/KP 764.0 131.0 301.0 277.0 45.0 10.0
Note: Scheduled hours are calculated according to the ephemerides for CTIO:
October 9.9 hours/night; November 8.9 hours/night; December 8.2 hours/night.
* Use restricted to dark of the moon.
** Totals include both day and night hours. All others are day only. APPENDIX B
Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory
October - December 1993: Individual telescope assignments are listed below. Graduate students are indicated by an asterisk after their names. Nights assigned, (hours worked), and telescope used are indicated. Service Observing programs are denoted by S.O. instead of nights assigned. A total of 66 programs were carried out during this quarter.
G. Alcaino, W. Liller, E. Wenderoth, F. Alvarado (Inst. Isaac Newton, Chile): "UBVRI Photometry of Magellanic Cloud Cluster Standards." 7(20)1-m
C. Anguita, M. Ruiz, P. Loyola (U. de Chile): "CCD Parallaxes for Faint Proper Motion Stars." 5(46)1.5-m
D. Backman (Franklin & Marshall College), S. Fajardo-Acosta* (State U. of New York), R. Knacke (Pennsylvania State U.): "10 m Variation in the p Pictoris System from Comet Vaporization." 4(35) 1.5-m
J. Baldwin, R. Aviles (CTIO), B. Wills, D. Wills (U. of Texas), H. Netzer (Tel Aviv U., Israel), G. Ferland (U. of Kentucky): "The Inner Regions of Quasars." 4(19)4-m, 2(18)0.9-m
G. Bernstein (U. of Arizona), R. Guhathakurta (Princeton U.), S. Raychaudhury (Harvard Smithsonian): "Testing the Infrared Tully-Fisher Relation." 3(27)1.5-m
H. Bond (STScI): "A Search for Post-AGB Stars in the Magellanic Clouds." 7(46)CS
M. Briley, V. Smith, D. Lambert (U. of Texas), N. Suntzeff (CTIO), J. Hesser (Dominion Astrophys. Obs., Canada), R. Bell (U. of Maryland): "Sodium Abundances Among 47 Tuc Main-Sequence Turn- off Stars." 2(22)4-m
B. Carney (U. of North Carolina), J. Storm (ESO, Chile): "Cepheid vs. RR Lyrae Distances." 6(54)0.9-m
J. Carr, D. DePoy, K. Sellgren (Ohio State U.), S. Balachandran (U. of North Carolina), E. Lada (Harvard Smithsonian): "A Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Survey of the Young Embedded Cluster NGC 2024." 4(35)4-m
A. Connolly (Johns Hopkins U.), R. Joseph (U. of Hawaii), P. James (Royal Obs., Scotland), C. Collins (U. of Durham, UK): "The Large-Scale Velocity Field Using the I-Band Tully-Fisher Relation." 4(40)1.5-m
P. Conti, M. Hanson* (U. of Colorado): "Spectroscopy of Otherwise Obscured OB Stars in the Infra- Red K Band." l(8)1.5-m
A. Cowley, P. Schmidtke (Arizona State U.), J. Hutchings, D. Crampton (Dominion Astrophys. Obs., Canada): "X-Ray Sources in the Magellanic Clouds." 4(35)4-m, 7(59)0.9-m S. Demers, F. Wesemael, G. Fontaine (U. de Montreal, Canada), M. Irwin (Royal Greenwich Obs., England): "The Montreal-Cambridge-Tololo Survey." 7(45)CS
J. Elias (CTIO), D. DePoy (Ohio State U.): "Search for Current Star Formation in the Magellanic Clouds." 2(20)4-m
J. Elias (CTIO), L. Barrientos (U. de Chile): "Search for Star Formation in the Magellanic Bridge." 5(49)1.5-m
R. Elston (CnO), P. Maloney (U. of Colorado): "Near-IR Spectroscopy of the X-Ray Cooling Flow Ouster PKS 0745-19." l(10)4-m
R. Elston (CTIO), G. Hill (U. of Texas), O. Kuhn*, M. Elvis (Harvard Smithsonian), J. Bechtold, R. Cutri, M. Rieke (U. of Arizona), K. Thompson (Naval Research Lab.): "IR Spectroscopy of Luminous High Redshift Quasars." 5(39)4-m
H. Ferguson, O. Lahav (Cambridge U., England), L. Sodre (U. de Sao Paulo): "The Fundamental Plane of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies." 4(35)1.5-m
A. Ferguson*, R. Wyse (Johns Hopkins U.), J. Gallagher (U. of Wisconsin): "Star Formation in the Outer Regions of Disk Galaxies." 5(45)1.5-m
D. Forbes (U. of California, Santa Cruz), R. Thomson (Cambridge U., England): "Deep Multi-Color Imaging of Shell Galaxies." 6(43)0.9-m
M. Hamuy, N. Suntzeff, M. Phillips, R. Aviles (CTIO), J. Maza (U. de Chile): "Photometric Evolution of Supernovae." 3(29)4-m, 3(13)0.9-m, 4(32)CS
D. Hanes, S. Butterworth* (Queen's U., Canada), W. Harris (McMaster U., Canada), D. Geisler (CTIO): "A New Unbiased Database for Globular Cluster System Investigations." 4(34)4-m
E. Hardy (U. Laval, Canada), N. Suntzeff, R. Schommer (CTIO): "The Dynamics of the LMC from its Field Carbon Stars." 4(38)4-m
T. Heckman, M. Dahlem (Johns Hopkins U.): "Deep, Wide-Field Imaging of the Halos of Starburst Galaxies." 2(20)4-m
B. Hufnagel*, G. Smith (U. of California, Santa Cruz): "Chemical Evolution of the Galactic Open Cluster System." 4(37)1.5-m
S. Johnson (Idaho State U.): "Characterization of the Blueing Effect in Massive PMS Stars." 6(43)l-m, 3(26)0.6-m
M. Joner (Brigham Young U.): "Standard Fields for UBVRI CCD Photometry." 8(58)l-m, 3(27)0.9-m C. Lacy (U. of Arkansas), P. Etzel (San Diego State U.), E. Guinan (Villanova U.), C. Ibanoglu (Turkey): "Eccentric Eclipsing Binary Stars." 13(94)0.6-m
R. Lamontagne, S. Demers, F. Wesemael, G. Fontaine (U. de Montreal, Canada): "Photometric Calibration of the Montreal-Cambridge-Tololo Survey Fields." 4(18)0.9-m
T. Lauer (KPNO), M. Postman (STScI), M. Strauss (Inst, for Advanced Study): "Motion of the Local Group with Respect to Distant Abell Ousters." 6(51)1.5-m
A. Layden (CTIO): "The Kinematics and Metallicities of Field RR Lyraes at |Z|>5 kpc from the Galactic Plane." 8(77)0.9-m
A. Layden (CTIO): "RR Lyraes in Globular Clusters." 2(19)4-m
P. Lu (Western Connecticut State U.), W. Tsay (National Central U., Taiwan): "Spectral and Photometric Studies for F and G Stars at the SGP." ll(98)l-m
D. MacConnell (STScI), R. Wing (Ohio State U.): "A Photometric Search for Dwarf Carbon Stars." 10(75)l-m
A. Magalhaes, C. Rodrigues* (U. de Sao Paulo, Brazil): "The Magnetic Field Structure of the Small Magellanic Cloud." 4(28)1.5-m
D. Maoz, H. Rix (Inst, for Advanced Study), A. Filippenko, L. Ho* (U. of California, Berkeley): "The 2000A to near IR-Colors ofa Complete Sample ofNearby Galaxies: Part 3." 9(91)0.9-m
J. Maza, P. Ortiz (U. de Chile): "Spatial Orientation of Seyfert 1 Galaxies." l(10)4-m
J. Maza, M. Wischnjewsky (U. de Chile): "Bright Quasars at High Redshift." 8(51)CS
R. McMahan (U. of North Carolina), G. Wegner (Dartmouth College), D. Burstein (Arizona State U.), R. Davies, G. Baggley (Oxford U., England), E. Bertschinger (Massachusetts Inst, of Tech.), M. Colless (Cambridge U., England), R. Saglia (Heidelberg): "Peculiar Velocities of Galaxy Clusters in the Pisces-Cetus Supercluster." 7(73)0.9-m
J. Middleditch (Los Alamos National Lab.), J. Kristian (Carnegie Inst, of Washington), W. Kunkel (Las Campanas Obs. Chile), T. Sasseen, C. Pennypacker, R. Muller, S. Perlmutter (U. of California, Berkeley), G. Fazio, S. Ranson* (Harvard Smithsonian): "Timing and Colors of the 2.1 ms (Candidate) Pulsar in SN 1987A." 3(27)4-m
P. Morris*, K. Brownsberger*, P. Conti (U. of Colorado), W. Vacca (U. of California, Berkeley): "Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of W-R Stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud." 3(26)4-m
P. Ortiz, J. Maza (U. de Chile): "Search for QSO's with z > 4.0." 4(32)CS J. Patterson, E. Thomas*, H. Richman*, E. Sterner, C. Lemm* (Columbia U.): "Superhumps in Cataclysmic Variables." 16(117)l-m
J. Powell*, M. Joner (Brigham Young U.): "Metallicity Gradient in the Disk from uvby-p-Ca Photometry of Supergiant stars." 9(70)l-m
M. Ruiz (U. de Chile), P. Bergeron (U. of Montreal, Canada), S. Leggett (Joint Astron. Ctr., Hawaii): "Study of Cold White Dwarfs." 7(36)4-m, 4(21)1.5-m
M. Shara, B. Oegerle (STScI): "Using Erupting Novae in the Fornax Cluster as Probes of the Intracluster Light." 3(27)4-m
M. Shara, M. Potter, E. Bergeron (STScI), A. Moffatt (U. de Montreal): "W UMa Contact Binaries in the LMC and the SMC." 5(47)1.5-m
T. Smecker-Hane, P. Stetson, J. Hesser, M. Lehnert (Dominion Astrophys. Obs., Canada): "Stellar Populations of Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies: II. Photometry of the Main Sequence Turnoff of Carina." 3(30)4-m
H.A. Smith, N. Silbermann* (Michigan State U.), A. Walker (CTIO): "CCD Photometry of SMC Variable Stars." 3(25)CS
J. Smith*, T. Oswalt (Florida Inst, of Tech.), S. Leggett (Joint Astron. Ctr., Hawaii): "Photometry of White Dwarfs in Wide Binaries." 4(30)4-m, 4(38)1.5-m, 4(44)0.9-m, 6(33)0.6-m
M. Smith (CTIO): "A Program of Spectroscopy of Quasars." 6(57)CS
N. Suntzeff (CTIO), V. Smith (U. of Texas), P. Bouchet (ESO, Chile): "The Kapteyn's Star Group: A Disrupted Galactic Globular Cluster?." 3(30)1.5-m
N. Suntzeff, R. Schommer (CTIO), E. Olszewski (U. of Arizona): "Stellar Populations in the LMC Field." 7(72)4-m, 3(10)0.9-m
D. Terndrup, L. Kuchinski* (Ohio State U.): "Exploring Boxy - and Peanut - Shaped Bulges." 5(57)1.5-m, 3(27)0.9-m
B. Twarog, B. Anthony-Twarog (U. of Kansas): "uvbyCa Photometry of Intermediate-Metallicity Red Giants." 7(10)l-m
A. Walker (CTIO): "Horizontal Branch Evolution and Pulsation Study." 3(23)0.9-m
A. Walker (CTIO): "JHK Imaging of the NGC 300 Cepheids." 3(31)4-m
W. Waller, A. Danks (NASA Goddard), A. Caulet (ESO, Germany), T. Williams (Rutgers U.): "Diffuse Line Emission from Dust-Rich and Dust-Poor Starburst." 8(71)1.5-m S. Warren (Oxford U., England), T. Theuns (Scuola Normale Superiore, Italy), G. Williger (CTIO): "A Search for Intergalactic Planetary Nebulae in Galaxy Ousters." 1(10)CS
G. Wegner (Darmouth College), R. McMahan (U. of North Carolina), D. Burstein (Arizona State U.), R. Davies, G. Baggley (Oxford U., England), E. Bertschinger (Massachusetts Inst, of Tech.), M. Colless (Cambridge U., England), R. Saglia (Heidelberg): "Peculiar Velocities of Galaxy Clusters in the Pisces-Cetus Supercluster." 3(29)4-m
D. Welch (McMaster U., Canada), P. Stetson (Dominion Astrophys, Obs., Canada): "A Determination of the RR Lyrae Absolute Magnitude - Metallicity Dependence." 6(57)0.9-m
E. Wilcots (National Radio Astron. Obs.), P. Hodge (U. of Washington): "Evolution of H II Regions in the Large Magellanic Ooud." 3(26)1.5-m, 9(91)0.9-m
T. Williams, D. Merritt, B. Tremblay* (Rutgers U.): "Measuring the Dark Matter Halos Around Elliptical Galaxies." 4(39)1.5-m, l(10)0.9-m
G. Williger, J. Baldwin (CTIO), C. Hazard (U. of Pittsburgh): "Superclustering in the Early Universe." 4(32)4-m
R. Wing (Ohio State U.): "Spectra and Chromospheres of Carbon and M Stars." 3(25)l-m
P. Winkler (Middlebury College), R.C. Smith (CTIO), Y.-H. Chu, G. Garcia-Segura* (U. of Illinois): "An Emission-Line Survey of the Magellanic Clouds." 2(19)1.5-m, 8(80)CS Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 1 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Nights Hours Days Hours 662 2 f93 H Abt, D Willmarth, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Are All A-type Slow Rotators Abnormal or Binaries? Coude Feed 5.00 40.50 0.00 0.00
965 4 f93 B Andersson, P Wannier, Jet Propulsion Laboratory S Federman, University of Toledo The Envelope of the Molecular Cloud B5 Coude Feed 5.00 47.00 0.00 0.00
1008 2 f93 C Bailyn, J Orosz, Yale University Observations of Black Hole Candidate Nova Per 1992 2.1 meter 4.00 30.50 0.00 0.00 4 meter 2.50 29.00 0.00 0.00
1086 5 f93 J Bally, D Devine, University of Colorado Imaging and Spectroscopy of Externally Illuminated Proto... Coude Feed 4.50 45.00 0.00 0.00 0.9 meter 3.00 29.00 0.00 0.00
16 0 f93 T Boroson, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Q Observing Program 0.9 meter 19.00 90.80 0.00 0.00
1118 7 f93 T Boroson, R Green, National Optical Astronomy Observatories The Emission-Line Properties of QSOs - The UV Fe II Region 4 meter 3.00 21.50 0.00 0.00
1119 2 f93 T Boroson, R Green, National Optical Astronomy Observatories C Christian, J Dupuis, A Wiercigroch, University of California, Berkeley Spectroscopic Follow-up to the EUVE All-Sky Survey 2.1 meter 5.00 10.00 0.00 0.00 Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 2 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Nights Hours Days Hours 1073 9 f93 T Broadhurst, A Szalay, A Connolly, Johns Hopkins University D Koo, University of California, Santa Cruz A Test for Coherence of Structure and Galaxy Evolution 4 meter 3.00 20.00 0.00 0.00
1136 4 f93 J Cardelli, University of Wisconsin, Madison D Meyer, Northwestern University Velocity and Spatial Distribution of Interstellar Gas Coude Feed 7.90 79.40 0.00 0.00
1077 4 f93 P Conti, V Robledo-Rella, University of Colorado Galactic HII Regions and the Teff of the Exciting Stars 2.1 meter 4.00 42.00 0.00 0.00
872 2 f93 P Dawson, Trent University D Forbes, Memorial University of Newfoundland BVRI Photometry of Selected High Proper Motion Stars 1.3 meter 6.00 12.90 0.00 0.00
1056 2 f93 C Deliyannis, J King, University of Hawaii A Boesgaard, Pennsylvania State University The Morphology of Lithium Abundances in the Praesepe.... 4 meter 3.00 10.00 0.00 0.00
891 5 f93 N Devereux, New Mexico State University N Duric, R Price, University of New Mexico H alpha Imaging of Large Nearby Galaxies Burrell Schmidt 4.00 11.40 0.00 0.00
1078 9 f93 M Dickinson, University of California, Berkeley P Eisenhardt, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Using Radio Galaxies to Find....: Infrared Imaging 4 meter 3.70 36.00 0.00 0.00 Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 3 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Nights Hours Days Hours 1022 2 f93 S Edwards, Smith College K Hinkle, National Optical Astronomy Observatories M Meyer, S Strom, J Carpenter, L Ghandour, M Skrutskie, L Hillenbrand, A Cannon, University of Massachusetts L Carrasco, Mexican National Astronomical Observatory FTS J, H Band Spectral Classification for Embedded YS0's 4 meter 0.00 0.00 2.00 4.00
1114 9 f93 P Eisenhardt, Jet Propulsion Laboratory P McCarthy, Carnegie Observatories, (OCIW) R Elston, National Optical Astronomy Observatories N Lu, California Institute of Technology IR Spectroscopy of High Redshift Radio Galaxies 4 meter 3.00 16.00 0.00 0.00
978 9 f93 R Elston, National Optical Astronomy Observatories J Bechtold, University of Arizona J Lowenthal, Space Telescope Science Institute Star Formation Rates in Damped Lyman-alpha Systems 4 meter 3.00 29.00 0.00 0.00
1116 9 f93 R Elston, National Optical Astronomy Observatories P Eisenhardt, Jet Propulsion Laboratory The Evolution of Early Type Galaxies at Z=l 4 meter 5.00 31.50 0.00 0.00
898 2 f93 F Fekel, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center C Ambruster, Villanova University Chrosmospheric Activity of ZAMS K Dwarfs Coude Feed 7.00 28.75 0.00 0.00
1051 5 f93 M Fich, K Wilk, University of Waterloo Infrared Imaging of Dense Cores Near HII Regions 1.3 meter 5.00 42.50 0.00 0.00 Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 4 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Nights Hours Days Hours 970 6 f93 P Garnavich, Dominion Astrophysical Observatory P Szkody, University of Washington The X-Ray Nova GRO-J0422+32: A Black Hole Primary? 2.1 meter 3.00 34.50 0.00 0.00
1121 10 f93 D Geisler, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Faint Washington CCD Standard Fields 0.9 meter 4.00 17.00 0.00 0.00
938 2 f93 P Guhathakurta, Princeton University A Gould, Institute for Advanced Study The Metallicity Gradient of the M31 Spheroid 4 meter 4.00 45.00 0.00 0.00
991 7 f93 J Halpern, Columbia University M Eracleous, Space Telescope Science Institute Further Examination of AGNs with Disk-Like Emission Lines 4 meter 3.00 13.50 0.00 0.00
931 8 f93 M Haynes, L van Zee, A Broeils, Cornell University J Salzer, Wesleyan University Imaging of High Hydrogen Mass-to-Luminosity Ratio Galaxies 0.9 meter 4.90 46.40 0.00 0.00
1001 7 f93 C Heisler, M De Robertis, York University Probing the Dust-Enshrouded Circumnuclear Regions of 60 2.1 meter 1.00 11.50 0.00 0.00
933 2 f93 K Hinkle, L Wallace, National Optical Astronomy Observatories A 1-5 Micron Infrared Atlas of Arcturus 4 meter 0.00 0.00 3.00 7.00 Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 5 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Nights Hours Days Hours 9134 0 f93 K Hinkle, L Wallace, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Observing Molecular Hydrogen in IRC+10216 4 meter 0.00 0.00 3.00 14.50
979 2 f93 L Hobbs, J Thorburn, University of Chicago, Yerkes Observatory Rotation of Halo Dwarfs Coude Feed 7.00 57.10 0.00 0.00
919 8 f93 P Hodge, B Miller, University of Washington Star Formation in Nearby Dwarf Galaxies 2.1 meter 4.00 26.50 0.00 0.00
944 2 f93 B Hrivnak, Valparaiso University S Kwok, University of Calgary Near-IR and CCD Photometry of Proto-Planetary Nebulae 0.9 meter 3.00 9.00 0.00 0.00 1.3 meter 4.00 30.00 0.00 0.00
1125 2 f93 X Hui, California Institute of Technology H Ford, Space Telescope Science Institute G Jacoby, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Dynamics of the M 31 Planetary Nebula System 4 meter 4.00 42.00 0.00 0.00
1003 5 f93 T Jarrett, California Institute of Technology G Novak, Princeton University T Xie, Jet Propulsion Laboratory P Goldsmith, Arecibo Observatory Mapping Magnetic Fields in Monoceros R2 0.9 meter 4.00 28.00 0.00 0.00
968 5 £93 S Kenyon, B Whitney, L Hartmann, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Mapping the Polarization of the Embedded Sources in Taurus 1.3 meter 6.50 34.00 0.00 0.00 Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 6 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Nights Hours Days Hours 1033 2 f93 T Kinman, National Optical Astronomy Observatories The Shape of the Outer Halo of our Galaxy 1.3 meter 8.00 27.25 0.00 0.00
927 6 f93 R Kirshner, P Ruiz-Lapuente, B Schmidt, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics L Wells, A Porter, National Optical Astronomy Observatories B Leibundgut, University of California, Berkeley Supernova Light Curves 2.1 meter 1.40 16.25 0.00 0.00
1094 7 f93 0 Kuhn, M Elvis, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics J Bechtold, R Cutri, M Rieke, University of Arizona IR Spectroscopy of High Redshift (~>3) Quasars 4 meter 4.00 44.00 0.00 0.00
1028 5 f93 E Lada, C Lada, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics R Phelps, Phillips Laboratory Investigations of the Nature of Young Stellar Clusters 1.3 meter 5.00 14.50 0.00 0.00
992 3 f93 J Laird, Bowling Green State University B Carney, J Rose, S Nauomov, University of North Carolina The Galaxy's Disk: Two Populations or One? Burrell Schmidt 12.90 118.90 0.00 0.00
873 10 f93 A Landolt, Louisiana State University Broad-Band Standard Stars at Declination +45 Degrees 1.3 meter 9.40 43.80 0.00 0.00 0.9 meter 6.00 34.50 0.00 0.00 Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 7 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Nights Hours Days Hours 881 9 f93 T Lauer, National Optical Astronomy Observatories M Postman, Space Telescope Science Institute Motion of the Local Group with Respect to Distant Abell 2.1 meter 4.00 17.50 0.00 0.00
1018 4 f93 M Lehnert, Lawrence Livermore Laboratories T Heckman, Johns Hopkins University Shock-Heated Gas in the Halos of Starburst Galaxies 2.1 meter 4.00 15.00 0.00 0.00
1010 9 f93 0 Lopez-Cruz, H Yee, University of Toronto An Optical Study of X-Ray Selected Clusters of Galaxies 0.9 meter 4.50 15.40 0.00 0.00
967 5 f93 G Mackie, G Fabbiano, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Optical Panoramic Studies of ROSAT/IRAS Observed Large Burrell Schmidt 4.00 41.80 0.00 0.00
1060 3 f93 S Majewski, Carnegie Observatories, (OCIW) S Hawley, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory J Munn, University of Chicago, Yerkes Observatory Spectroscopy of Stars from an Ultradeep Proper Motion.... 4 meter 4.00 15.50 0.00 0.00
1085 4 f93 P Maloney, University of Colorado R Elston, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Near IR Spectroscopy of X-ray Cooling Flows 4 meter 2.70 28.00 0.00 0.00 Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 8 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Nights Hours Days Hours 926 2 f93 P Massey, National Optical Astronomy Observatories J Hutchings, Dominion Astrophysical Observatory L Bianchi, Space Telescope Science Institute C Wilson, K Patel, McMaster University Spectroscopy of the Hot, Luminous Stars in M31 and M33 4 meter 2.90 26.50 0.00 0.00
9136 0 f93 P Massey, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Obtaining Spectra for Hubble-Sandage Variables in NGC2403 Burrell Schmidt 1.00 10.00 0.00 0.00
981 5 f93 R Mathieu, B Casey, University of Wisconsin, Madison Survey for Pre-Main Sequence Spectroscopic Binaries 4 meter 2.00 17.50 0.00 0.00
869 4 f93 D Meyer, Northwestern University Observations of Interstellar NH and C3 Coude Feed 7.00 68.00 0.00 0.00
870 4 f93 D Meyer, Northwestern University I Hawkins, University of California, Berkeley Observations of Interstellar Lithium Coude Feed 7.00 84.00 0.00 0.00
998 5 f93 M Meyer, S Strom, M Skrutskie, K Strom, University of Massachusetts S Edwards, Smith College Near-IR Spectroscopy of Optically-Visible Young Stellar Coude Feed 7.00 44.80 0.00 0.00
895 7 f93 J Mulchaey, A Wilson, Space Telescope Science Institute Z Tsvetanov, Johns Hopkins University Cones of Ionizing Radiation in Early Type Seyfert Galaxies 2.1 meter 5.90 37.00 0.00 0.00 Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 9 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Nights Hours Days Hours 1015 1 f93 M Mumma, S Hoban, M Disanti, D Reuter, X Xie, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Investigation of Volatile Composition in a Dynamically 2.1 meter 3.90 25.50 0.00 0.00
989 9 f93 B Nichol, M Ulmer, Northwestern University R Kron, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Redshift of a Distant X-ray Bright Cluster of Galaxies 4 meter 1.00 10.50 0.00 0.00
877 4 f93 C O'Dell, X Hu, Rice University Flow of Material in the Orion Nebula Near Proplyds Coude Feed 4.00 19.50 0.00 0.00
847 2 f93 M Pierce, G Jacoby, J Hedden, National Optical Astronomy Observatories D Crabtree, Dominion Astrophysical Observatory Long-Period Variables: An Alternative to Cepheids? 2.1 meter 3.50 27.75 0.00 0.00 0.9 meter 4.00 29.90 0.00 0.00
1139 0 f93 C Pilachowski, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Special Discretionary Time Coude Feed 3.00 24.00 0.00 0.00
1120 6 f93 A Porter, L Wells, P Gigoux, National Optical Astronomy Observatories R Kirshner, B Schmidt, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics P Pinto, University of Arizona Spectroscopic Monitoring of SN 1993J 2.1 meter 2.80 22.00 0.00 0.00 Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 10 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Nights Hours Days Hours 920 2 f93 M Postman, E Siciliano, Space Telescope Science Institute B Weller, National Optical Astronomy Observatories The Second Guide Star Photometric Catalog 0.9 meter 3.50 29.40 0.00 0.00
950 7 f93 M Rauch, R Weymann, Carnegie Observatories, (OCIW) R Carswell, P Petitjean, Cambridge University J Webb, University of New South Wales Is There Primordial Gas at Redshift Three? 4 meter 3.50 12.50 0.00 0.00
932 9 f93 G Rhee, J Stocke, New Mexico State University E Ellingson, M Harvanek, University of Colorado A Study of 3C Radio Galaxy Environments at Intermediate Z 0.9 meter 4.50 34.25 0.00 0.00
997 5 f93 S Ridgway, G Heim, National Optical Astronomy Observatories S Edwards, Smith College C Dougados, S Strom, J Carpenter, University of Massachusetts High Angular Resolution Images of Stellar Aggregates 2.1 meter 5.00 47.00 0.00 0.00
930 2 f93 F Ringwald, Keele University The Space Density of Cataclysmic Variables II 1.3 meter 4.00 45.60 0.00 0.00
9135 0 f93 F Ringwald, Keele University Differential Time Resolved JHK Photometry of the X-ray 1.3 meter 2.00 21.80 0.00 0.00 Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 11 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Nights Hours Days Hours 948 8 f93 H Rix, Institute for Advanced Study What Makes Rotating Ellipticals Rotate? 4 meter 2.50 12.00 0.00 0.00
918 9 f93 M Rugers, C Hogan, University of Washington C Foltz, Multiple Mirror Telescope Observatory A Search for Cosmic Deuterium in QSO Lyman-Limit Absorbers 4 meter 3.00 31.50 0.00 0.00
887 4 f93 F Salama, L Allamandola, NASA Ames Research Center S Tegler, University of Notre Dame The Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Ions and the Diffuse.. Coude Feed 4.00 12.00 0.00 0.00
1036 2 f93 M Shara, M Potter, Space Telescope Science Institute J Kaluzny, Princeton University S Rucinski, Space Astroph Lab Insti for Space & Terr Sci Hunting for Hibernating Cataclysmic Binaries 2.1 meter 4.00 37.00 0.00 0.00
1107 5 f93 D Silva, R Elston, National Optical Astronomy Observatories M Bershady, University of California, Santa Cruz Red Supergiants in Extragalactic Star Formation Regions 2.1 meter 4.00 29.50 0.00 0.00
1108 9 f93 D Silva, M Pierce, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Deep Multi Band Photometry of Distant Cluster Abell 370 0.9 meter 5.00 19.40 0.00 0.00 Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 12 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Nights Hours Days Hours 960 4 f93 G Sloan, PL/GPOB C Woodward, University of Wyoming Long-slit Spectroscopy of the Red Rectangle at 3.3um 2.1 meter 2.00 22.00 0.00 0.00
1117 7 f93 D Smith, T Herter, M Haynes, Cornell University Stellar Populations in Luminous Starburst Galaxies 2.1 meter 3.50 33.00 0.00 0.00
987 2 f93 J Smith, T Oswalt, Florida Institute of Technology S.Leggett, U.S. Naval Observatory Photometry of White Dwarfs in Wide Binaries 1.3 meter 3.00 13.40 0.00 0.00
1105 8 f93 A Stanford, M Dickinson, University of California, Berkeley P Eisenhardt, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Near-IR Imaging of Moderate-z Galaxy Clusters 2.1 meter 5.00 37.00 0.00 0.00
888 4 f93 C Steidel, M Dickinson, University of California, Berkeley Absorption-Line Selected High Redshift Galaxies 4 meter 3.80 3.00 0.00 0.00
889 4 f93 C Steidel, M Dickinson, University of California, Berkeley The K-Band Luminosity Function of Absorption Selected 4 meter 3.50 28.50 0.00 0.00
905 2 f93 D Stickland, Rutherford & Appleton Laboratory D Harmer, National Optical Astronomy Observatories An Optical and UV Study of New Composite Binary Stars Coude Feed 2.50 25.50 0.00 0.00 Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 13 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Niqhts Hours Days Hours 996 5 f93 K Strom, S Strom, L Allen, University of Massachusetts Spectroscopy of Deeply Embedded PMS Stars in the Orion 4 meter 4.00 33.50 0.00 0.00
955 2 f93 M Takada-Hidai, J Jugaku, Tokai University Magnetic Fields of HgMn Stars Coude Feed 4.00 20.20 0.00 0.00
956 5 f93 M Tamura, National Astronomical Observatory K Sugitani, Nagoya University K Ogura, Kokugakuin University IR Study of Star Formation Induced by Radiation-Driven 1.3 meter 4.00 33.50 0.00 0.00
900 4 f93 R Tweedy, University of Arizona Morphology, Shock Structure & Evolution of Senile Burrell Schmidt 7.00 58.80 0.00 0.00
1106 7 f93 W Vacca, L Ho, University of California, Berkeley M Corbin, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Infrared Imaging of H II Galaxies 1.3 meter 6.70 48.40 0.00 0.00
1135 8 f93 A Watson, J Gallagher, University of Wisconsin, Madison The Stellar Populations of Starburst Galaxies from NIR 2.1 meter 4.00 29.50 0.00 0.00
984 5 f93 D Weintraub, P Lowrance, Vanderbilt University J Kastner, Haystack Observatory Locating Exciting Stars of YSO Outflows: Polarized 1.3 meter 5.00 46.00 0.00 0.00 Executed Proposals 10/01/93 - 12/31/93 Page 14 Mon Jan 24 11:34:54 1994
Nights Hours Days Hours 9130 0 f93 L Wells, National Optical Astronomy Observatories T Balonek, Colgate University R Tweedy, University of Arizona Imaging of Supernova 1993J Burrell Schmidt 4.50 34.00 0.00 0.00
986 2 f93 A Welty, L Ramsey, Pennsylvania State University Spectroscopic Analysis of Activity in Weak-lined T Tauri... 2.1 meter 6.90 80.00 0.00 0.00
1123 4 f93 D Welty, University of Chicago High Resolution Observations of Interstellar Absorption.... Coude Feed 5.00 39.80 0.00 0.00
1128 4 f93 R White, Smith College W Forrester, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Probing the Pleiades Wake with Interstellar Absorption Coude Feed 7.00 58.50 0.00 0.00
929 8 f93 M Whittle, C Sarazin, R Gelderman, University of Virginia Optical Observations of X-Ray Filaments in the cD Galaxy 4 meter 3.00 24.50 0.00 0.00
962 5 f93 S Wolk, F Walter, SUNY at Stony Brook A Brown, University of Colorado Photometric Studies of Naked T Tauri Stars 1.3 meter 6.50 53.90 0.00 0.00 0.9 meter 6.00 57.80 0.00 0.00
Total number of proposals: 91 Appendix B
NATIONAL SOLAR OBSERVATORY REPORT Quarter Ended: 12/31/93
Nights Hours Days Hours Scheduled Used Scheduled Used
1023 R Altrock, PL/GSS Coronal Observations Evans Solar Facility/SP 91 123
1409 R Altrock, PL/GSS L Gilliam, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Emission Line Coronal Photometer Program Support Evans Solar Facility/SP 3 0
1805 J Aufdenberg, B Bopp, University of Toledo Determination of the Orbit of Symbiotic-like Binary HD 51480 McMath-Pierce 14 19
1212 P Bernath, University of Waterloo C Brazier, P Carrick, Edwards Air Force Base D Perera, L O'Brien, A Lee, N Oliphant, C Jarman, R Ram, University of Arizona Spectroscopy of Molecules of Astrophysical Interest FTS 5 36 5 36
1661 L Brown, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Laboratory Infrared Spectroscopy FTS 3 24 3 24
1785 P Byrne, A Lanzafame, Armagh Observatory "Coronal condensations" on the RS CVn star, II Peg McMath-Pierce 6 54
1706 K Cheng, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center J Neff, Pennsylvania State University Search for New Proto-Planetary System Candidates McMath-Pierce 6 41 2-
Nights Hours Days Hours Scheduled Used Scheduled Used
1814 R Coulter, J Kuhn, National Optical Astronomy Observatories RISE/PSPT Seeing Veto Test Vacuum TowerTelescope 11 74
1824 R Coulter, J Kuhn, National Optical Astronomy Observatories RISE/PSPT Component and Concept Testing Evans Solar Facility/SP 5 11
1138 D Deming, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Monitoring Apparent Velocity of Integrated Sunlight FTS 3 19
1738 D Deming, D Jennings, T Moran, G McCabe, NASA Goddard Space Eight Center Simultaneous Plage Magnetic Field Measurements at 1.6 and 12 microns FTS 6 37
1810 J Donati, Observatoire de Meudon S Saar, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Surface Features on the Active Star Lambda And McMath-Pierce 3 18
1800 R Dunn, S Gregory, National Optical Astronomy Observatories R Radick, PL/GSS Adaptive Optics Vacuum TowerTelescope 5 44
1519 J Eaton, Center of Excellence in Information Systems Balmer Lines in Zeta-Aurigae Binaries McMath-Pierce 10 22
1588 J Eaton, Center of Excellence in Information Systems Doppler Profiles of Eclipsing Spotted Stars McMath-Pierce 20 28 -3-
Nights Hours Days Hours Scheduled Used Scheduled Used
1741 J Eaton, Center of Excellence in Information Systems Ha Variations in t, Aurigae Binaries and Cool Supergiants McMath-Pierce 6 25
1804 T Fleming, University of Arizona L Pasquini, European Southern Observatory F Spite, M Spite, Observatoire de Meudon Activity in Population II Binaries McMath-Pierce 90
1748 P Foukal, B Behr, Cambridge Research & Instrumentation, Inc. Electrograph Observations Evans Solar Facility/SP 34 46
1806 M Giampapa, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Mass Motions in "Naked" T Tauri Stars McMath-Pierce 14 16
1807 M Giampapa, National Optical Astronomy Observatories G Basri, Univ. of California, Berkeley C Imhoff, IUE/CSC Comparative Synoptic Study of Two T Tauri Stars McMath-Pierce 29 58
1843 M Giampapa, National Optical Astronomy Observatories V Andretta, University of Naples Simultaneous He I D3 and ^10830 Observations of Solar Plages Evans Solar Facility/SP
1825 B Gillespie, Space Telescope Science Institute R Dunn, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Woodgate Lyot Filter - Transmission Test Evans Solar Facility/SP 24 Nights Hours Days Hours Scheduled Used Scheduled Used
1026 L Gilliam, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Coronagraph Monitor Evans Solar Facility/SP 30 58
1034 L Gilliam, National Optical Astronomy Observatories K Strand, High Altitude Observatory Flare Patrol (monitoring) Hilltop Dome/SP 92 535
1035 L Gilliam, National Optical Astronomy Observatories White Light Patrol (Monitoring) Hilltop Dome/SP 92 464
1771 L Gilliam, B Armstrong, J Elrod, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Sunspot Drawings - Manual Drawings of Sunspots Evans Solar Facility/SP 87 65
1769 J Harvey, National Optical Astronomy Observatories DAWN (RISE Observations) KPVT 71 44
3790 J Harvey, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Vacuum Synoptic Program: Daily/Community KPVT 90 213
1692 K Harvey, SPRC S Tsuneta, University of Tokyo K Strong, Lockheed Missiles & Space Company L Acton, Montana State University Coordinated observations with Yohkoh KPVT 8 29 -5
Nights Hours Days Hours Scheduled Used Scheduled Used
1742 F Hill, J Patron, National Optical Astronomy Observatories J Toomre, University of Colorado D Gough, University of Cambridge Synoptic Convection Zone Flow Maps from Solar Oscillation Ring Diagrams KPVT 16 88
1663 H Jones, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center In Support of NASA Flight Missions ("MAX 91") KPVT 11 44
1733 S Keil, K Balasubramaniam, PL/GSS S Tomczyk, High Altitude Observatory Evolution of Active Regions Using ASP+UBP (+FP?) Vacuum Tower Telescope 22 97
1827 S Keil, K Balasubramaniam, PL/GSS S Tomczyk, High Altitude Observatory Solar Activity with ASP & UBF Evans Solar Facility/SP 1 0
1797 J Kuhn, M Penn, National Optical Astronomy Observatories IR HSG Observations Vacuum Tower Telescope 7 38
1826 J Kuhn, M Penn, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Coronal Prominence Magnetic Fields Evans Solar Facility/SP 15 52
1149 W Livingston, L Wallace, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Solar Irradiance Line Bisectors FTS 1 9
1209 W Livingston, L Wallace, National Optical Astronomy Observatories M Steffen, Kiel University Spectrum Irradiance variability of the Sun McMath-Pierce 2 22 6-
Nights Hours Days Hours Scheduled Used Scheduled Used
1453 W Livingston, L Wallace, National Optical Astronomy Observatories J Elkins, NOAA FTS Measurements of Atmospheric Trace Gases FTS 1 6
5877 J LoPresto, C Schrader, Edinboro University of Pennsylvania Solar Gravitational Redshift McMath-Pierce 6 n
1495 5 Martin, California Institute of Technology K Harvey, SPRC Magnetic & Velocity Field Observation of the Active 6 Quiet Sun KPVT 8 14
1820 S Martin, California Institute of Technology J Zirker, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Sunspot Formation Vacuum Tower Telescope 9 68
1135 P Mcintosh, NOAA L Gilliam, National Optical Astronomy Observatories W Marquette, California Institute of Technology NOAA Monitoring Program Evans Solar Facility/SP 91 65
1768 N Morrison, University of Toledo The High-Latitude Supergiant Pulsating Star UU Herculis McMath-Pierce 10 13
1811 R Noyes, H Uitenbroek, G Avrett, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Study of the Time and SpaceVariability of the CO Fundamental Lines at 4.7 micron McMath-Pierce 7 32 -7-
Nights Hours Days Hours Scheduled Used Scheduled Used
1235 K Pierce, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Solar Gravitational Redshift McMath-Pierce 12 18
1406 A Potter, NASA Johnson Space Flight Center T Morgan, NASA Headquarters Studies of Exospheric Emission Lines in the Lunar Solar System FTS 7 57
1649 R Poynter, J Margolis, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Ammonia Spectroscopy: 1600 cm-1 Positions, Strengths & Widths PTS 3 24 3 24
1818 T Rimmele, New Jersey Institute of Technology Evershed Waves; Oscillation Excitation Mechanisms Vacuum Tower Telescope 14 64
1540 D Rust, Ray Sterner, Johns Hopkins University R Coulter, C Gullixson, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Vector Magnetograph Development Hilltop Dome/SP 7 32
1845 D Rust, Johns Hopkins University C Gullixson, National Optical Astronomy Observatories S Keil, PL/GSS Vector Magnetograms Hilltop Dome/SP 20 86
1425 S Saar, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics J Linsky, University of Colorado A Survey of Magnetic Fields on G and K and Early M Stars McMath-Pierce 6 70 Nights Hours Days Hours Scheduled Used Scheduled Used
1426 S Saar, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics J Linsky, University of Colorado M Giampapa, National Optical Astronomy Observatories Synoptic Observations of Magnetic Fields on G & K Stars McMath-Pierce 5 22
1494 F Scherb, University of Wisconsin, Madison 6300 Emission Studies of Io Atmosphere McMath-Pierce 1 2
1815 M Semel, Observatoire de Meudon W Livingston, National Optical Astronomy Observatories M Faurobert-Scholl, Observatoire de Nice Resonance Polarization and Hanle Effect in the Solar Spectrum FTS 5 19
1053 M Smith, IUE Observatory/CSC Radial Velocity Variations of Alpha Ori and Two Other Red Supergiants McMath-Pierce 10 17
1784 M Smith, IUE Observatory/CSC Support of Observations of High Energy Variability in X Eri & y Cas McMath-Pierce 5 6
1789 M Smith, IUE Observatory/CSC I Hubeny, T Lanz, NASA Goddard Space Eight Center An Augmented B Star Sample to Study He I Line Formation in Hot Atmospheres McMath-Pierce 1 0
1808 M Smith, T Meylan, IUE Observatory/CSC I Hubeny, T Lanz NASA Goddard Space Eight Center Correlated Optical/UV Line Profile Variations in Mild Be Stars McMath-Pierce 6 52 -9-
Nights Hours Days Hours Scheduled Used Scheduled Used
1809 M Smith, T Meylan, IUE Observatory/CSC I Hubeny, T Lanz, NASA Goddard Space Eight Center Multi-line Observations of "Dimple" Feature in Lambda Eri McMath-Pierce 6 56
1749 F Stauffer, National Optical Astronomy Observatories PE Replacement Evans Solar Facility/SP 24 151
1844 R Stebbins, University of Colorado P Goode, T Rimmele, New Jersey Institute of Technology Wave Behavior in the Photosphere Evans Solar Facility/SP 15 74
1356 K Strassmeier, University of Vienna Doppler Imaging of Spotted Chromospherically Active Stars McMath-Pierce 18 31
1836 J Thomas, University of Rochester T Bodgan, B Lites, High Altitude Observatory Sunspot Seismology Vacuum Tower Telescope 14
1743 I Tuominen, T Hackman, N Piskunov University of Helsinki S Saar, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Surface Imaging of Two ActiveStars: HD 199278 and HD 82558 McMath-Pierce 14 47
1819 P Venkatakrishnan, Indian Institute of Astrophysics He 10830 Profiles in Active Regions Vacuum Tower Telescope 1 -10
Nights Hours Days Hours Scheduled Used Scheduled Used
1752 L Wallace, K Hinkle, W Livingston, National Optical Astronomy Observatories 1-5 Micron Atlas of Arcturus (telluric component) McMath-Pierce 5 28
1210 O White, High Altitude Observatory Sun as a Star: Ca II Profile Measurements McMath-Pierce 13 96
1024 S Worden, OSUDRE/ADEW S Keil, PL/GSS Solar Rotation 3898-3954A Evans Solar Facility/SP 63 143
1795 J Zirker, National Optical Astronomy Observatories S Martin, California Institute of Technology D Neidig, PL/GSS Transverse Velocity & Magnetic Shear Evolution in Active Regions Vacuum Tower Telescope 8 4^
Total number of proposals: 69 APPENDIX C
Summary of OSHA Recordable Occupational Injuries and Illnesses for CY 1993.
Following is the summary of recordable occupational injuries and illnesses for the U.S. sites as reported on the respective CY 1993 OSHA 200 logs. As required, the respective data will be posted at each site no later than February 1.
KPNO NSO/SP Tucson Total
Fatalities 0 0 0 0
Injuries involving days off or days of restricted work activity or both 1 0 2 3
Injuries involving days off 1 0 2 3
Days off from work 2 0 3 5
Days of restricted work activity 0 0 0 0
Injuries without lost workdays 0 1 0 1
Illnesses 0 0 0 0
Total recordable injuries/illnesses: 1 1 2 4
Mercury Spill Cleanup Training: Personnel were trained in the use of the mercury vacuum cleaner, mercury spill cleanup kits, and related cleanup procedures.
Annual Survey of Tucson Facilities: An extensive survey was conducted of all rooms/areas comprising the Tucson facilities. Two thirds of the 330 total rooms were found without any hazards. The hazards found in the other rooms were relatively minor in nature and consisted mainly of unanchored bookcases and an excess of paper items. Measures to correct the hazards are underway.
Bloodborne Pathogens: First respondersand other personnel who are at risk of being exposed to Hepatitis B virus (HBV) are in the process of being vaccinated (series of 3 injections) for HBV. As a further preventive measure the same personnel received training in the control measures to prevent exposure to body fluids which may contain HIV, HBV, and other bloodborne pathogens.
PC Work Station Checks: Various PC work stations were checked and revised to ensure economically sound principles for the users.
Reduction in Hazardous Waste Stream: The hazardous Safety Kleen solvent that was used in the Instrument Shop was changed to a non-hazardous type, without any apparentloss in cleaning power. This change resulted in a reduction of approximately 40 gallons or 150 pounds per month in the waste stream. New Solvents: The use of CFC (freon) based solvents for cleaning electronic components was phased out and replaced with a less toxic and nonozone depleting type solvent.
Lead Free Solder: (Bizmuth) was reviewed for a potential replacement for tin-lead solder currently used in electronics work. However, after trial use and consultation with the manufacturer it was determined that it was not suitable for our applications.
Emergency Instructions/Procedures for all areas of the Tucson Site were reviewed and revised. Procedures concerning after-hours power outages were implemented.
WIYN Building Safety Review: A review of the completed building resulted in approximately twenty recommendations for loss prevention measures which are underway.
KPNO Fire Alarm System: An electrically supervised system encompassing detectors, manual and automatic alarms, and central station reporting features was designed. Installation of Phase I of the system, underway, includes coverage for all buildings except the dorms and houses which are part of Phase II. Phase I is scheduled for completion in early 1994. Phase II which also includes the central station reporting features is scheduled for the summer of 1994.
NSO/SP Fire Alarm System: Except for being radio controlled, a similar system to KPNO's was designed for NSO/SP. An extremely high bid prevented installation of the system. However, the necessary system equipment components were purchased and hiring of an installation technician is underway. Installation is projected to begin in early 1994.
Loss Control Tour: Representatives of Johnson and Higgins, our insurance broker, toured the KPNO and Tucson sites. The tour resulted in identifying ten loss preventive measures and some favorable comments about our loss prevention program. All the preventive measures were implemented.
Fall Protection: Fall hazards during climbing and rigging a weather test tower were reviewed, and the appropriate equipment provided to the employees. All equipment and its use was reviewed with the employees.
Records for No Lost Time: Two groups, Instrument Shop and KPNO Kitchen, completed 5 years or 1,825 days without a lost time accident. In terms of hours, each group worked respectively, 160,000 and 80,000 manhours. The records were achieved, respectively, on November 16 and May 20, 1993. Although other groups have achieved such records, these are significant due to the greater amount of risk to the employees in these groups as compared to others.
New LP Gas and Water Mains: Additional sections of old gas and water mains at NSO/SP were replaced. Replacement of the last section in CY-94 will complete this multi-year project.
LP Gas Tank Safety Controls: All the old pressure/temperature control devices of the LPG supply tanks at NSO/SP were replaced with new, updated versions.
Safety Awareness: As a means to create/maintain awareness, safety scoreboard signs were implemented at the KPNO site and floor mats displaying various safety slogans were installed at the Tucson site.
Reduction in Injuries and Lost Workdays: In 1993 we experienced a 55% reduction in recordable injuries and a 70% reduction in lost workdays, which is a significant reduction in both the frequency and severity of accidents.