3 •• •• • New Year' Double Issue

Jan'Uary 1-8, 1982 aCl lC Cl ·lZen (45¢ Postpaid). The National Publication of the Japanese American Citizens League . ISSN : 0030-a579/ Whole No. 2,170 / Vol. 94 No.1 ~ 20¢ Legal experts discuss redress for Japanese American internees CAMBRIDGE, Mass.-The Conunission on Wartime Reloca• payments by the German goverrunent to the Jewish Holocaust tion and Internment of Civilians held its fmal hearing Dec. 9, survivors, any money must be considered "token." discussing the legal ramifications of redress for the 120,000 New York University Law Professor Lawrence Sager told the Japanese Americans and 1,000 Aleuts who were evacuated and Continued OIl Next ~ removed from their homes to relocation centers during World War II. Legal scholars, law professors, and civil liberty experts participated in the informal, but important, forum, hosted by Pan merican Nikkei the Harvard Foundation of Harvard University and held at the institution's Agassiz Theater. Ass . formalized with II This CWRIC hearing, unlike the previous sessions, did not High ranking Nikkei in the Veterans Administration, Paul focus personal testimonies but on two questions : why and how Bannai (left) and Frank Sato (right), stand with VA adminis• the Japanese Americans should be given redress and how such 8 nations represented a deprivation of rights could be prevented in the future. trator Robert P. Nimmo, former California legislator who now SAN FRANCISCO-Draft of a charter f constitution for the Pan heads the agency. "Reparations are necessary," said Alan Dershowitz a Har• vard University Law School professor. "But they are ~ot suf• American Nikkei Assn. , involving organizational representa• ficient. " tives from eight Western Hemisphere nations, was initiated and Nikkei appointed to high ~peaklng to the Comrmssion, coUeagues and 50 spectators, accepted with formal ratification scheduled in 1983, according Dershowitz said there should be CI a full authoritative acknow• to Chuck Kubokawa, JACL international relations chairman, ranking government positions ledgement that this country erred and erred seriously in those upon rettrrn from Lima, Peru. WASHINGTON-Administrator of Veteran Affairs Robert P. tragic years" of World War II. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Colombia , Mexico, Peru Nimmo recently· appointed two Japanese Americans to man• He added that the Supreme Court, which has never overruled and the United States were represented by Nikkei organizations agement positions at the Veterans Administration here. Frank a set of decisions allowing the relocation and internment of from these respective nations over the Dec. 4-6 weekend in S. Sato of Puyallup, Wash., who had been inspector general with Japanese Americans, must now reverse its WW2 opinions to Lima. the Dept. of Transportation since 1979, was named VA's inspec• remove the danger that a similar emergency evacuation pro• The meeting was hosted by Estadio La Union Asociacion del tor general last August. Paul Bannai of Gardena, Ca., a Calif. gram could again be used. Peru following recommendations developed at the July, 1980, assemblyman (1973-1980) who recently resigned as executive Dershowitz, one of the nine panel members who discussed Pan American Nikkei convention in Mexico City. director of the Conunission on Wartime Relocation and In• legal issues with the CWRIC, also noted that a "substantial" The constitution was prepared by the JACL representatives ternment of Civilians, assumed duties as chief memorial af• amount of money should be paid to each internee, but like the Floyd Shirnomura and Kubokawa, who were as){ed to prepare it fairs director on Dec. 7. by leader of Nikkei organizations last summer in Mexico City. A career government official and CPA, Sato is responsible for Secretariat offices ha e been proposed for orth American all audit and investigative activities within the A, which has and South America. Estadio La Union offices m Lima, Peru 234,000 employees and an annual budget of over $24 billion. He is Coroner oguchi's and J ACL National Headquarters in San Francisco are the past president of the Assn. of Gover.unent Accountants and was identifled sites. accorded the Dept. of Defense's distinguished civilian service The association will be headed by Carlos Kasuga (Mexico l award in 1979 upon completion of some 25 years with the Secre• .office under probe pres.' Hiroshi Banno (Brazill, V.p.; and Charles Kubokawa (JACL), sec.-treas. tary of Defense and Air Force audit offices. in LOS ANGELES-Articles in the L.A. Times late Decemb r Date for the 1983 Pan American Nikkei Convention in Lima Bannai will be in charge of operation and maintenance of 105 reporting bungled drug tests, loss of key evidence in murder national cemeteries in 38 states, Puerto Rico and development will be determined after polling the arious groups on possible cases and display of poor management practices in the county times when most can travel to South America of five new cemeteries· to meet future needs. His department coroner's office alarmed the County Board of Supervisors on Cootjrnaed OIl Page 5 . also administers state cemetery grants program and oversees Dec. 29 to in estiga the department upon motion of Super• procurement of markers for veterans. At the present time, visor Mike Antono ich, who caUed for fmdings by March 2 from grave sites are available in 58 cemeteries. the chief admlnis trati e officer. Cal. farmers threaten boycott Nimmo was nominated by President Reagan last April and Under direction of Dr. Thomas Noguchi, who was flfed in 1969 conflrmed by the Senate a month later. A WW2 bomber pilot on a variety of charges and returned to his post exonerated after of Japan goods on Medfly flap and Korean War veteran, Nimmo has been a rancher-busi• a highly-publicized hearing his office welcomed the investiga• SAN FRANCISCO-California fanners plan to bo cott Japa• nessman most of his life, a colleague of Bannai in the California tion, chief deputy coroner Richard Wilson said. legislature as assemblyman (1973-76) and senator (1976-80) nese goods unless Japan ends its quarantine on produce un• Wilson said the investigation should show up the crowded, treated for Mediterranean fruit fly larvae. representing San Luis Obispo. overworked environment endured the past few years and hoped "We think this is the right time for a bo cott of Japanese it results in securing necessary equipment and personnel to do a products," aid Daryl Arnold, president of the Western Grow• Burglary victim 'wanted' in Taiwan better job. ers Assn. this past week (Dec. 'Z"/). "Our growers are tired of LOS ANGELES-Wellington P. Cheng, 33-year-old real estate Another charge said Noguchi used the aura of his offic to this. " salesman whose Bel-Air home was burglarized on or about Dec. promote personal medical research projects which, Wi! on Japan, \ hich imported more than $38 million in California 23 of $4.5 million in art and jewels, is a suspect of an alleged tl.5 said, were " the same old aUegations". Noguchi ha been work• citrus in 1980, imposed import restrictions in August. A federal million fraud in Taiwan, according to U.S. immigration autho• ing with the ounty c unsel to ensure against conm t of interest quarantine pre ents the ale of untreated fruit from 195 square rities. or illegality, Wilson continued. miles in the San Francisco and Lo Angel area. Taiwan police have been seeking Cheng's return since his Super isol' D aIle Dana, in d ending Nogu hi, 'aid that th Arnold contends that the restrictions already have cost Cal• arrival in the U.S. in 1979, but it was turned down since the U.S. coroner lives within hi budg t and has worked ry hard with ifornia growers "tens of millions of dollars". has no extradition agreement with Taiwan, inunigration his ov rworked staff. The threat of a Feb. 1 bo cott was relayed to Japan e em• spokesman Orner Sewell disclosed Dec. 29. upervisor Kenn th Hahn, sho ked by l' port of pel'Sonal ba om ials in Washington after grower representatives met The burglary was the biggest heist in L.A. history, police items being Lol n fr m bodi in th morgu ,back d th in with federal officials. II indicated. # ligation as a measur to uphold full public t'Onfid nc in lhi offic . Introduction and Photos Start on Page 8 Yamato Colony to mark 75th year Supervisor Ed Edelman, calling {or a gr up of forensic x• LIVINGSTON, Ca.-The 75th anniversary of the Yamato perts to probe the depart ment's testing procedur ,was hw't by Colony will be celebrated Jan. 16 at the Merced Golf & Country learning of the situation from the pr ss and not ftom within th Club with a gala dinner-reception. Recognition will be paid to department. GO FOR BROKE the Issei pioneers as well as their descendants who have con• tributed to the preservation and memories of the ideals and history which have molded this agricultural community. For lOG elects Hid Hasegawa information: call (209) 394-2471. # SALT LAKE IT - Hid Has gawa of Idaho all J L was elected Int I'm untain District g v rnor, ucc ding I r ubotu Waterfall Gardens wins nat'l award ofSaltLak JACL,alth Nov. 27-28di trktconv ntionh 1' . House was made to contrac• ther offie rs ltd w r urti Oda (Wasatch r'l' nt WASHINGTON- The design• tor William S. Yorozu of Yo• North), 1st vlce-gov roor; ob Endo ( ocatello l, 2nd i er and contractor ofWaterfaU rozu Gardening Co., Seattl , gov.; and Suig Al'amaki (Mt. Olympus I lrens. Gardens in Pioneer Square and designer Masao Kinoshi• Del gat s from the ven chapters al 0 mel with M. Tom " (Seattle, Wa,) recently won ta of Sasak1 Associates, Jnc., Shimizu, r ccntly appoint d Salt Lak 'OWlty commission r; the 1981 Environmental Boston, and hard from Dr Jim TsuJimul'O, n' tiona I PI' sid nl, H.Ol Award of the American Nur• The Gardens, built in 1978, TaJii, national youth 'ouncil 'h'lir; and HOIl \ akab yaslu, na• serymen' s Association. was a gift of the Anni E. tional dir dol'. Host 'd b the Salt Lake and Mt. 01 mpus 'hap• 1,;,." .."/1""",, ","", ,,,' .."~ ..".".,,.. Presentation of the award Casey Foundation, which d th 'nUon, WhIt'll \: a' h 1 ama· /(I/llh /II",I/IIT I' 1I1,,/i"11 ,111.1 tlU' 11:'d U, 1:;11"'/1/"/ (,,,,,1 I< e/. WI tel's, Tab Uno chair 'conv ld t by Nancy Reagan at the White maintains the park. da Inn. 2-PACIFIC CITIZEN I Friday, January 1-8, 1982 disavowal came when the Alien Act of.l798 was found to be so REDRESS repugnant to a later generation that the President pardoned all Continued from Previous Page Redress Reports, persons convicted under the Act and Congress voted to return CWRIC, " We must vaccinate ourselves, to prevent a recur· fmes paid under the Act. rence of this tragedy," and he noted that there has never been Preventive measures were discussed by the fmaJ two panel• an authoritative determination of the "unconstitutionality of ists. Peter Irons, visiting professor of legal studies at tile Am• .~ REDRESS PHASE 3: by John Tateishi our nation's wartime treatment of the Japanese Americans, herst campus of the Univ. of Massachusetts, focused on the and a flI11l determination ofthis sort is a vital part ofthe process professional responsibility of government attorneys who de• to immunize against a recurrence of such a national disgrace." fended the incarceration of Japanese Americans, despite their Next Step Sager said that payments to the former internees would be knowledge of the loyal ty of those interned. painful to the nation, but would ultimately be beneficial to all He revealed the results of his research into the records of The year 1982 will represent yet Americans. WW2 officials such as President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Secre• another phase in the development of Professor James Henderson of the Boston University Law tary of War Henry Stimson and Solicitor Genera! Charles the JACL Redress effort. There was• School echoed Dershowitz and Sager, saying that "reparations Fahy: in 1981-an intense level of activity at might bleed the country, but maybe the country ought to bleed a ( 1) Affrrmation of the Japanese American' loyalty to the U.S. little bit". times as communities prepared for was supported by Navy Intelligence, the FBI and the Munson He described possible tort theories (non-crirrtinal basis for Report; the hearings of the Commission on compensation independent of contract theories) of damages. t 2 ) J . Edgar Hoover's opposition to the mass evacuation was Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians, and as He tempered his presentation by assetting an underlying as• partially a matter of pride-because "his boys" rounded up interest in the Evacuation peaked through stories that sumption; Le. Congress would perhaps enact legislation per• some 5,000 supposedly disloyal aliens within days after Pearl appeared in the major press around the country and on mitting lawsuits against the U.S. government after 40 years Harbor; network and local television news programs. It was part have elapsed. (3) The Federal Communications Commission staff knew of what we had hoped for -and anticipated-in seeking This legislation would remove barriers such as the statute of that the equipment used by Army troops could not distinguiSh the establishment of the Commission. limitations and sovereign immunity (a concept that bars law• domestic from overseas radio transmissions; But 1982 will not witness for us the same level or kinds suits against the government unless it consents). (4) Gen. John L. DeWitt unsuccessfully tried to declare mar• of activities. The hearings have been completed, the Concurring with Dershowitz, Henderson forcefully advocat• tiallaw on the West Coast; news stories have more or less been satiated, the com• ed substantial monetary redress, but preferred an expedited (5) Assistant Secretary of War John J . McCloy forced the recovery directly to victims without the payment of huge legal JusVce Department to change a footnote in the Hirabayashi munities have had an opportunity to voice their grief and fees. br~ef so that the Western Defense Command and Fourth anguish to an official investigative body of the United He added that "for a government that is paying a billion Army's Final Report, which consisted of hearsay and racist States government. It was as distinct a phase as it was dollars or so on an aircraft carrier," reparations will not be stereotyping, would be presented to the court as a source of quick. meaningful "if we pay only a trivial sum." hard facts · What we anticipate for the coming year will be no less Professor Ralph Johnson of tile Uillv. of Washington Law (6) Edward Ennis and other Justice Department officials important than the activities of the past year, for we are School (a Visiting Professor at tile Harvard Law School) drew acknowledged but did not inform the courts of reports support• moving towards the preparation stages of our real effort analogies to the Native American situation. He called for the ing the loyalty of the Japanese Americans. This could have led for redress: the development and refinement of our re• U.S. government, as trustee for the J apanese Americans from to serious charges of "suppression of evidence" and violations dress legislation and the strategies for the legislative 1941 to 1946, to repay a moral debt to those who suffered losses. of their professional responsibilities as attorneys. battle we expect to encounter. It all sounds simple Dr. David Musto, professor of psychiatry and history ofmed• While some of these facts were documented elsewhere (such icine at Yale University, described his childhood visit to the as in Michi Weglyn's " Years of Infamy") the Commissioners enough, but there is a tremendous amount of ground• Camp Harmony Assembly Center in Puyallup, Wash. Musto's appreciated hearing them again in a legal context. work that will have to be laid in the coming year before father had been an outspoken critic of the incarceration pro• Irons and Monaghan both closed their discussions by suggest• we will be fully prepared. cess, and he wanted his six-year-old son to see the inhumane ing that Gordon Hirabayashi and others who sued the govern• camp conditions for himself. ment in 1942 could reopen their cases under rules go erning the Consider for example, that a benign piece of legisla• As his personal theory of redress, Musto called for a mini• rmding of new evidence in criminal cases. tion seeking nothing more than the extension ofthe life of mum compensation for each victim in the equivalent of a G.l. Professor Christopher Pyle of Mount Holyoke College, Mass. the Commission was defeated in the Senate in the closing Bill of Rights (education, health and other benefits ), with an presented a·survey of how emergency detention powers have hours of the first session of the 97th Congress. There was Institute for Human Rights set up to conduct research and serve been misused by presidents from Jefferson to Roosevelt. no money involved in the legislation, and it sought in its as an archival " permanent public memory ... Calling President Reagan's plan to detain Haitian refugee's request only additional time to complete the work of the " Of course, no amount of money can repay the full extent of " particularly ominous", Pyle advocated an end to lesser con• ~ommission. Against this, one has to weigh the pros• the suffering of those who have been unjustly confmed, but an stitutional guarantees for aliens from "enemy nations"; the pects of having a money bill introduced, and the future of across-the-board payment in services or money would consti• destruction of all government "detention lists" that could be redress ·legislation seems truly ominous in the current tute at least a basic reparation," commented Musto, who added used for future mass round-ups; the phasing out of the concept that "most Americans are only dimly aware" of the of . 'martial law" , which he rephrased "military assistance to Congress. evacuation. This is not to say, however, that we should lose hope. civilian authorities"; and the end of tile concept of " dislo alty" , Attorney Gerald Stern, executive vice president and senior except for those who refuse to accept the " amendment clause of What it does tell us is that we have to plan our moves general counsel of Occidental Petroleum, offered his support of the Constitution". carefully and prepare our groundwork with an eye to the monetary redress by drawing a parallel witil coal miner dis• Pyle also suggested that the CWRIC compile two reports• Congress. And it also tells us that we may be in for a long placed by the Buffalo Creek disaster in West irginia. one fully documented and long, the other in plain language and struggle. Stern described how a coal company was forced to pay $13.5 short. The latter would allow the CWRIC report to reach schools million, including $8 million for mental suffering ("PO t-trau• The political considerations should be obvious. The and a mass audience in a way that would do the most "social matic shock" syndrome) to residents of a valley flooded when a vaccinating ' . JACL has chapters spread throughout twenty-five states dam broke. in this country, and even with other redress groups work• He hypothesized that the long passage of time inc WW2 Commission Chair Joan Bernstein corrunented during the ing in a concerted effort, the vast majority of our com• would make recovery for mental suffering Ie feasible, al• session that the CWRlC' recorrunendations to Congress, based though SOCiological evidence for " loss of community"-useful on testimony from more than 700 witnesses during the 19 da s of munity support on the issue will be on the West Coast. hearings in eight cities, will be influenced b tile Reagan Admi• The glaring void is in such places as the Midwest, which during negotiations but unsuccessful in Stern's case-is prob . tive as to the displacement of the J apane e community. ni tration' budget constraints. has a larger total number of congressional representa• .. ou just an't ignore it," he aid of Reagan' efforts to tives than does the West Coast, and the South, which has Professor Henry Monaghan of Boston Uni ersity hool of Law cautioned the CWRIC that without ubstantial fman ial reduce the federal budget. always been large in congressional numbers and politi• compensation to victims of the Japanese American relocation, But Commissioner Arthur Flerruning corrunented, " What I cal power. Somehow, through our Washington office and a " public apology" by the government would be both "too ea y" ote for will not be tempered at all" b Reagan' budget. through our own personal contacts, we are going to have and "empty". (Compiled from r ports by the Boston Glob. Phillip Tajitsu to reach into those areas to impact the thinking and Monaghan also called for a formal di a owal of Executi Nash of th A ian American Legal Defense and Education influence votes. This in itself will be a major under• rder 9066 and r lated government actions; apr edent for th Fund, and Ja E. Berinstein of The Harvard Crimson.-PAI) taking. In the coming year, as we await the fmal report of the CHAPTER REPORT: Commission and its recommendations, we will concen• trate our efforts towards the fmallegislative push, and Redress highlight for Chicago JACL-1981 we should perhaps be prepared for a long and tough battle. But it will be the fmal reckoning for which we have waited forty years . • Panelists: Boston CWRIC Public Meeting Wednesday. December 9, 1981 Agassiz Theater lHarvard University) 5 James Street, Cambridge, Mass. Hosted by the Harvard Foundation of Harvard University Panel Discussion on Redress and Reparation Panelists: Prof. Lawrence Sager, New York Univ . Law School; Prof. James Henderson, Boston Univ. Law School; Prof Ralph John, Visiting Professor, Harvard Univ . Law School I Visiting from the Univ . of Wash· ington Law School, Seattle); Dr. David F. Musto, Yal University , pr<)o fessor of Psychiatry and History of Medicine ; Gerald Stem, Esq., Execu• tive Vice President and Senior General Counsel, OcCidental Petrol urn . Panel DiscusSIOn on Preventive Measures Panelists: Prof. Peter Irons, University of Massachusetts, Amh rst; Prof. Alan DershowilZ, Harvard University Law School ; Prof. Henry Monaghan, Boston University Law School.; Prof. Christopher Pyle, In the area of Human Relations, the Chleago Chapter wa very MOWlt Holyoke College School of Law, Massachusetts. a tiv in supporting a number of job discrimin lion as '. Friday, January 1-8,19821 PACIFIC CITIZEN-3 Japanese tourist finds eM name 'changed' c.haractersl, ··the o~g~iza- tlon to promote the pnvileges SAN FRANCISC~hinese and rights of Chinese Amert• double jeopardy in L.A. for Affirmative Action adopt- cans", to reflect its broad civil ed a new title in Chinese \ 7 rights acti vities. WS ANGELES-Sanji Onaka, a distinguished city councilman from Osaka, Japan, came all the way from his homeland to Los Angeles to testify against two men accused of burglarizing his Biltmore Hotel room during a previous visit here in October. The thieves had taken $25 and a pack of cigarettes. However, while waiting for the trial at the same hotel on Dec. 9, he was victimized by criminals again, this time losing $100 to two pickpockets who purposely spilled coffee on him, then "helpfully" wiped off his suit and lifted his wallet. Later that day Onaka appeared before the Los Angeles City Council, to receive a scroll and some praise for his high sense of duty in coming 5,650 miles just to testify against the burglars. I .~ Onaka was embarrassed to mention the pickpocketing Mrs. Kiyoko Oda (left), Mrs. Masako Kawasaki and Mrs. too Mariko Lindsey, all Hiroshima survivors, appear in the JACL• I incident at the time, but later that evening he reported it to sponsored English language 6O-minu\e documentary, "Sur• ~ Officer Mitch Kato of the Los Angeles Police Department's Vivors", directed by Steven Okazaki, to relate personal experi• Asian Task Force. ences of the 1945 atomic halocaust. Although the pickpockets had not been arrested, police were .. investigating the matter. Hiroshima citizens raise funds Councilman Joel Wachs, who along with Sen. S.l. Hayakawa (R-Ca.) had urged Onaka to return to Los Angeles to testify, for CL-backed Hibakusha film commented to the Los Angeles Times, "Everyone has a red face. It is a horrendous embarrassment. I'll write him a letter, SAN FRAN9ISCO--A group of Hiroshima citizens, led by Prof. expressing my gratitude and the city's for coming-and make a Kan Katayanagi of Jogakuin College, Yomiuri Shimbun writer tremendous apology. " Shigeru Fujiwara and his wife Fusako, raised $10,000 to help Classic Ship Wachs, however, added that he would umerstand if Onaka fund production of an hour-long docwnentary, "Survivors", a declines to return again for testimony against the two pick• JACL-sponsored film on the plight of Japanese American Sunday Brunch. pockets, should they be caught. atomic bomb victims lHibakusha I . Directed by Steven Okazalci, the mm teatures interviews of2O Californians who had survived the 1945 A-bomb bursts over 'm'> '\ r\ unda\ omnlodor PNr\ oltprs t1 nt·\-, pre'" 'ntatlOn Of great mld-da\ ta\ontes Hiroshima and Nagasaki, relating what had occurred and ')fthe eRA.plan to redevelop area from nwrt( d and the \\orld JOIn u In th physical, social and psychological problems as a consequence. Gardl·n L ·\('1 11 m M-2 ~O P\-1 Fr' The first English-language film on the subject, . 'Survi vors" is (h,lmpagn(' dnd (onlr>llnlentar\ elt-r>arking east of Little Tokyo rejected scheduled for completion February, 1982, according to co-pro• 11 adult b '>0 hildren undN 10. for r' r\tllton all b2 -1200 WS ANGELES-A $75,000 The study, it turned out, ducer Frances Politeo. was made by the flrms of Ko• (ommoclor P'rr\ I open tor lunch < nd dinn >r preliminary plan to create a Hiroshima Mayor Aralci, business leaders, medical associ• \l\onda\ - aturda\ new Community Redevelop• tin, Regan & Mouchly and ation officers and hundreds of residents contributed to the ment Agency project east of O'Leary, Terasawa, Takaha• campaign. Little Tokyo was rejected by shi and DeChillis, paid by one Stateside Paul Dirdak and Foster Stockwell helped initiated property owners Dec. 9 at an of Little Tokyo's CRA com• a $1,500 donation from the Commission on Religion and Race, mittees. open meeting held at the Calif.-Nevada Conference of the United Methodist Church. r Ir \ III ngl,ll'\ f rl'l'\ • Lo -\ngl'll' ( A <)(Xn2 Maryknoll Catholic Church The majority of owners pre• Campaign began in 1980 when Mrs. Fujiwara met with Kanji 21 ~ b2lJ-l ~fXl auditoriwn. sent at the meeting were Kuramoto, president of the Committee of Atomic Bomb Survi• After a visual slide presen• heavily against any type of vors in the U.S. # tation of the project, the own• government involvement in East West Players ~~------~ ------ers complained bitterly over the area, how the plan proceeded with• offer varied Jan. bill An English-language bimonthly magazine published in Japan out their prior knowledge and Non-NIKKei groups WS ANGELES-East West information. None of the prop• donate $1-mllllon Players offers a variety of erty owners knew that such a programs this month: a sha• study was being made, and WS ANGELES-Japanese American Cultural and Com• kuhachi concert Jan. 8-10 with they were never contacted. munity Center board chair Kazu Matsui & Friends; a THE EAST magazine Asked under whose request George Doizalci announced reading of two one-act ( "Tule the study was made, they non-Japanese groups ha e Lake" by John Watson and were stunned to learn that the contributed over a $l-million ; " Voices" by Hiroshi Kashi• ~ officials of the CRA Planning wagi) Jan. 16-17 ; and Frank --- is getting the more recent contributor Directors did not know, but being: Chin's play "Oofty Goolly" , a the research was made at the work in progress, Jan. 23-Feb. request of Councilman Gil• $25 OOO-Chevron U.S.A ., Inc. and Fluot Foundation. 7 Thu-sat. Call the box office more bert Lindsay. (660-0366) for time & tickets. and more

You are cordially invited to attend the interesting ROSE CARE DEMONSTRATIONS at the Pageant of Roses Garden A new series on cultural history takes you back to the roots of the Japanese. But THE EAST also contains in• formation about today's Japan. Every Japanese-American family should read THE EAST.

Contents: History, Culture, Economics, Bushido, Provincial TravelS, Eating Customs, Industry and SOCiety, Japan Today, Japanese Lesson, Science, etc. ROSE HILLS MEMORIAL PARK, WHITTIER, CALIF. Just cut and send to: The East Publications, Inc. ~ 19-7-101 Mlnaml-Azabu 3, Mlnato-ku, Tokyo, Japan 106 SATURDAYS SUNDAYS or New York Office, P.O. Box 2640, Grand Central Station JANUARY 9 JANUARY 10 One copy: US$3.BO JANUARY 16 . JANUARY17 New York, N.Y. 10164, U.S.A. Demonstrations each of these four days at 1 :30 p.m. The East I would like to subscribe to The East for one Year. •• Subscription Rates: o Check enclosed 0 Bill me later One year No Admission Charge ... Ample Free Parking (six issues) Name: Garden Open [very Day of the Year US$18.50 Address: (Includes US$3.60 seamall postage) City: State: Zip: •

4- Friday, January 1-8, 1982 ISSN: 0030-8579 COMMENTS & LETTERS contract, and had rebuilt and feel the Japanese air force pacific citizell • Aircraft compared tested a crashed A6M. The lost, not because they had a Published by Japanese American Citizens League every Friday except the first and last E d ~ to r: mechanic who rebuilt the superior--or inferior -air• weeks of the year at 244 S. San Pedro St., Room 506, Los Angeles, CA 90012.; Recently in the PC, you ran Zero, incidently, was a Ger• craft, but because the wrong (213--626-6936) • Second-class postage paid at Los Angeles, Ca. • Subscrip• an article about an American man car mechanic, who later tactics were used, based on tion payable in advance: $16 a year, foreIgn $24 a year. Eight dollars of JACL member Admiral who had tested the became head of General Elec- very poor intelligence. In any dues to Nat'l JACL provides one-year subscription on a one-per- household basis. Mitsubishi A6M, the "Zero", tric's turbo jet division. The event, even by 1942 the end and said at the time-from 1941 A.V.G. flew only obsolete was in sight. The Americans Dr. Jim Tsujimura: National JACL President Harry K. Honda: Editor on, that the plane was superi• P-40s. had found by then-as men• Dr. Clifford I. Uyeda: PC Board Chairperson Peter A. Imamura: Assistant Editor or to any other U.S. Fighter. I Unfortunately, the Brass tioned in your article-that Jane Ozawa: Advertising don't believe this is correct, back in the States had ignored the A6M had some severe Tomi Hoshizaki, Mitsuko Sakai: Subscripti on although then it was assumed Chennault's ideas on tactics, weaJrnesses. This was due to Mary Imon, Typesetter; Mark Saito: Mai l Dept. to be the case. The point is, the and the information he had the contradictory require• News and Opinions expressed by columnists, except JACl staff writers, do not necessarily reflect JACl policy. American and Japanese accumulated. In spite of this, ments of high manueverabi• fighter aircraft were designed there is another episode lity in a long range plane. One YE EDITOR'S DESK: by Harry ttonda to different philosophies, and which showed that American result fOWld was the Zero had Pete Imamura and circulation statler came out like comparing an planes, when properly flown, poor control at high speed• Mitzie Sakai working on the Holiday MG sportscar to an Olds could more than match the something the Americans Issue production line for the fIrst time, it sedan. A6M. This was the land battle quickly put to use in "slash Vol. 94, #1 The American planes were for Guadacanal. From Au• and run" tactics. In any helped eliminate the more hectic hours heavy built, able to withstand gust 1941 to the end of the event, Japan was doomed, be• As this Vol. 94, # 1 is of previous years. Youngest staff mem• great punishment, and meant year, American "Wildcats" cause there was no time in the being put to bed, a ma• ber Mark Saito, who handles the Che• for team action. The A6M, on and Japanese "Zeros" met al• middle of the war to retool for jor change is also be• shire address label maker, said we need• the other hand, was based on most every day in head to a new aircraft engine. On the ing effected: introduc• ed 24,273 copies for the press run. That the World War One philoso• head combat. In the end, the other hand, American and tion of LARGER included a bundle of six copies to the 30 phy ofthe individual dogfight. back of Japanese airpower England constantly produced TYPE in response to a chapters which ordered bulk advertising Japanese military were was broken, never to recover. bigger new engines, until by constant plea from our faithful readers. space. Jane Ozawa and special HI assis• greatly influenced by the Spa• It had been a battle for survi• war's end 36 cylinder mon• nish Civil War in 1937, and val on both sides, and had Ja• sters weremade-churning out A hint of this was present in the tremen• tant Charles FulJert took care of adver• 100 h.p. per cylinder. dous l28-page Holiday Issue. The sam• tising (one of these days, we're going to from this decided they wanted pan been able to keep up the a plane that-above aJl• pressure for another month, It is a pity so many brave ples to compare are found on page 4 (Bay fmd out how many pieces of paper they could outmaneuver any other the "Cactus Air Force" as the men on both sides died be• Area Attorneys for Redress brief was set shuffle in processing: it must be in the aircraft. Coupled to this was a wildcats were known, would cause of faulty theories and ri• on 9 pt. Olympia and shot camera-ready thousands). Setting all the type were our contradiction-to build a have finally crumbled under gidly held concepts. Ifnothing at 93%) and on page 5 (the Mike Masaoka regular phototypesetter Mary Imon (in fighter with greater range the constant strain, as planes else, the war brought us more interview set at 9 pt. Corona but shot at the morning shift), subscription staffer (equals weight) than any and men were ground up. tolerance and broader 100%). It also means setting on slightly Tomi Hoshizaki (in the afternoons) and other-due to possible long The pilots of both sides thinking. narrower columns, (from 10 to 9h picas Ye Editor (in the evenings). Everyone range missions in to Russia. fought with great bravery. I VAUGHN M. GREENE -a loss of one-inch per line per page) ... shared in reading proof, seeing that ev• Don't forget-there was an San Bruno, ~A. This opener is probably of little conse• erything was checked out twice-€Spe• unannounced war between • Intermountain Nikkei quence to all except students of typog• cially the advertising. Yet, we inadver• Russia and Japan in 1939, in Editor: the Siberian peninsula area. • 'The Big Aiiieeeee' raphy. But the new typeface with more tently missed including the names of Pat Of the many expressions of Editor: - The Japanese engineers gratitude seen in the PC to• white space between lines should be easi• Takasugi and Dian Saito as "People Who were greatly influenced by Re "JACL and The Loyalty er reading with heavier Helvetica Bold Count" from Snake River Valley J ACL• ward those who befriended Oath" by Minoru Yasui, Re• the Hughes H-1, an aircraft evacuees, I would like to see dress Committee chairman heads as an appropriate contrast. which, incidentally, came up with tfie Howard Hughes spent 12 one thanking those Nikkei in the Nov. 2:l PC: * * * first individual advertiser (Central Pro• years time, and the talent of who li ed in the interior and Thanks to efforts of many (73 of the duce Distributors Co., Payette: Idaho) to many engineers to perfect. The unnamed "light-weight thus were not uprooted . This 'researcher," "the outsider 112) chapters, the 1981 Holiday Issue was take out a full-page in a Holiday Issue. Hughes tned to give it to the includes many in the inter• the fattest to date-128 pages, exceeding . .. With computerized typesetting, Army but they didn 't want it. outrageously trading upon his mountain states and else• mythological racial kinship ," n the otherhand, the Ameri• where. They received us with the previous top of 112-page editions of greetings on floppy disks from 1980 that the 'non·Japanese American 1979 and 1980. We figured nearly three• needed updating for 1981 saved us valu• can State Dept. pressured the dignity, befriended us and secretive Hughes to let Japa• 'expert' to with his ' pseudo• fourths (72%) of the Holiday Issue was in able time. gave generously of their time, nese engineers look at the money and food to help their scholarly smatterings of irre• paid advertising. A full page came to * * * plane. Ironically-the A6M levant docwnentation;' who $588; there were 128 pages. Gross would goodwill less fortunate brethren. Per• The spirit of showered upon wasn't the only plane to bene• haps due to the passage of "claims to be a writer," is of course Frank Chin, Chinese be $54,190. About a third of that covers PC, evident during the year-end holi• fit from the H-l. The German time and the fact that "lo• expenses, another third for commissions days, deserve more than casual notice F. W. 100-probably Ger• cal .. and e acuees are no American, Playwright, and and the fmal third to PC coffers. Finan• but we'd like to mention the gifts and many's best fighter wa also a longer di tinguishable we Essayist. cial figures are in the process of com• remembrances shared with staff as re• direct takeoff on the H-l. The tend to accept such aid as na• I have known Frank Chin pletion ... That more chapters fmd the ceived from the West Los Angeles JACL, H-l, incidently, was 100 m.p.h. tural. However natural it rna for many years and respect PC Holiday Issue as an excellent source Willie Funakoshi of Funakoshi Insur• faster than anything the army eem, it is remembered and his integrity as an artist and a had at the time, 1937. appreciated. The were our scholar. of raising funds for their own projects is ance, Supervisor Kenneth Hahn and The concentration camp ex• heartening. Father Clement in Seattle. They have When the war began, ir• friend when we needed tually all the American pilots friends. perience is so fraught willi With part of National JACL's testi• been doing it for many years, we must had no combat experience, emotion that it sometimes mony the Commission on Wartime Re• TO 1NAKAYAi 1A to add ... The elegant calendars from Ja• and were faCing seasoned vet• rilfm, Ga. takes an "outsider" to grap• location and Internment of Civilians, the pan Air Lines and the Japanese Consu• erans flying th A6Ms. A a ple with issues we cannot Interview with Mike Masaoka recalling late General are artistic and appreciated result, many alHed planes • Word from Canada handle oursel es. World War those hectic days of early 1942 when del• as are the functional pieces from the were shot down in th ftr t Editor: II is our historical n~'US : our egates hammered out JACL's wartime Girls Scouts of America, the local banks year of th war. wh n the Pacific itizen, issue of 20 "B.C. " and "A.D." are cen• policies and the Bay Arecr Attorneys for (Sumitomo, California First and Mitsu• tried to "dogfight" the Zero. No . 81, airs the t timony of tered on th e ears. The re• The Ameri an pilots gradual• Mil< Masaoka before the re• dr hearings mark another Redress brief to CWRIC comprising the bishi) and we now add the three-paneled c nt CWRI hearings in historical period after the main feature of the Holiday Issue, it JACL Membership Calendar that ly began to realize lhi was not the way to win, and r Washington in which, it is re• war. Surely " e should listen should complement the JACL Redress spreads 24 inches wide. turned to team ta tic • u ing ported, the former National to all points of view while our Committee's brochure, "The Japanese * * * hit and run m thods, with no JACL director dismiss th aging isei are till ali e. American Incarceration: A Case for Re• Some of the regular year-end features "dogtighting" or other fan y testimony of playwright critic bin' attle t timony is dress" ... Extra copies of the Holiday in the New Year Special will appear in footwork. For this re n, I Frank Chin because, appa• a condensation of his JA: L Issue are availabJe at $1.50 p0stpaid, or subsequent issues, such as the 1981 Chro• think th maligned "Wild• r ntly, he i "not en of J apa• hapters in . 'The Big 50 cents cash/ carry at the PC Office. nology and Necrology, the 1981 Thousand cat", the P-40, and ev n th nes anc try". ~ iiieeeeee ! ," soon to be pub• Mention must be made of the PC staff Club Honor Roll and JACL Reference miserable P-39 ould hav 1 would comm nd Frank lished b. the HO\ ard niver• which spent extra hours the fmal week to items. The prospect of more 12-pagers mat hed the A6M, and e n hin for hi ffort to Iarif ity Pr . In them Minoru prepare the Holiday Issue meet its dead• this year gives us "breathing space" to d £ ated it, if th prop r ta is ues-parti ularly b au Yasui emer a hero. of hi non-Nikk i ba kgroWld. Yasui h a right to hi own line in good time. With assistant editor spread out the year-end wrap up. # ti wer u ed. This wa glar• ingly hown by th A Ju ti e and truth r ogniz no opinion. It is WlfortWlat, ("Flying Tiger "). Thi monopoli ts a pok · howeer. th the" uld rt 'Bamboo People' now in paperback Pasadena JACL group of m r enarie ', In 712 P rsons. t personal atta ks-

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GO FOR BROKE A pictorial history of the Japanese American . l00th Infantry Battalion and the 442nd Regimental Combat Team

By special arrangement with the publishers, "Go For Broke Trust Fund", some of the rare photographs and accompanying text to the pictorial history of the incomparable Japanese American lOOth Infantry • They were superb! The men .. .took terrific casualties. They and 442nd Regimental Combat Team of World War n, "Go For Broke", is showed rare cowage and tremendous fighting spirit . ..every• being featured in the Pacific Gtizen. The book, which has been delayed body wanted them almost a year because of last minute additions, is now scheduled for ~EN GEORGE C. MARSHAlL publication January 1982. Proceeds from the sale of books ($24.45 p~ publication, $29.45 after Jan 31, 1982, postpaid; JACP, Inc., 414 E. 3rd Ave., San Mateo, CA 944(1) go toward printing of the hardcover, deluxe edition and a trust fund to be used !D defray travel expenses of the 442nd Who Were They? Museum exhibit, now on display at the Presidio of San Francisco until March, 1982.-Editor. Who were these men who made up the "most decorated unit in United States military history"? Where did they come from? What made them fight as they did? FIrst and foremost, they were Americans. They were like (Copyright © by Go For Broke, IDe. 1981 AU rights reserved.) d other American Grs. . . . They hwnmed and sang snatches of "Lili Marlene" and "That "Go For Broke" is a pictorial narrative of the deeds and accomp . Old Black Magic" when these srogs came crackling through the ments of the officers and men of the 100/442nd Regimental Comba Team during World War n. It is not nor does it pretend !D be a deflnitive public address system. They ate K-rations and cursed the man history of the unit It is a photographic story with excerpts from oral who invented them They blasted the guys in the rear echelons histories by members of the Combat Team. who grabbed all the Lucky Strikes and Camels and left them The author is Cllester Tanaka The oo-authors are: Donald P. DeNevi, with Olelseas and Sensations to smoke. They drank wann beer Col James M. Hanley (ret), Capt Richard K Hayashi (ret), Harry Iwafu• and were happy to get it They toc:»< off as fast as any GI when the chi., Maj Tom Kawaguchi (ret), Col Young O. Kim (ret), Col Tom Koba• yashi (ret), David Monis, Eric Saul, and Mai Otville . Shirev (ret). This MPs started sweeping the Off-Limit areas. And. of course, they editonal board is, at best, representative of the true authors of the bled and hwt when wounded They were typical, run-of-the-mill book---tlle scores of veterans who so generously donated. and shared American Gis. their photographs and albums and who gave so freely of themselves and However, there were some differences. their time in the oral history interviews and in follow-up conversations. It They liked rice. Three times a day. is they who have made this book, in commemoration of the exhibit of the 1001442 at the Presidio Army Museum in San Francisco, possible. The editorial board also acknowledges the following as contributors of photographs, albums, and oral histories !D this endeavor and apologizes to those whose names which may have been omitted or misspelled and w~ will cany corrections in a later edition. • Asjar asjood was concerned, they a great deal more Dr. GeorgeAki; Kathryn S. Box; Hung Wai Clling; Gel Mark W. Clark; rice than was provided in the normal GI diet . . .When we were Shig Do~ Mansaku "Monte" Fujita; Mirsuyoshi FUkuda; Tak and June overseas, the supply and mess ergeants did ev~ they Goto; Hany ~ Jerry . Hashimoto; Hiro Higuchi; Hiroshi Hori; could, lDlits exchange prat unit in United States military rust ry." These units, the lQOth Infantry Battali n ( parat) and th 442d Regimental Canbat Team, fought in v n campaigns in two COWltries, made two beach head assault.s-on by glider-• and captured a ubmarine. They fought th t ughest th Nazis could throw at th m--battle-wise trans from lh Afrika Korps, "troop ,Panzer brigades, and soldat II f m th Hennann Goering ivision. They hammered up til boot f Ira! and slugged th enemy back through th V g F t in France. They earned 9,486 Purple Hearts and 600 w killed in action. They were awarded 18,14 individual dec rations for bravery, including 1 Medal of Honor; 52 Distinguished ' l'Vice rosses; 1 Distinguished Servi Medal; S88 'ilver 'tars; 22 Legion of Honor medals; 19 Soldi r' medals; 5.200 Bronze 'tars and 14 Croix de u rre among many other d ' rations. They were called by ne division, "the Littl men of iron." I..at l' they would also be called "Honorary Texans" by proclamation of vernor John Connolly of Texas and H n rary .tizen.s f 'Go for Broke' Exhibit ... Bruyeres by th city council. Chet Tanaka (left) and Tom Kawaguchi, co-chairmen of the The 442nd Regimental flag on dlspl y ! "Go For Broke" e hiM. 442nd/10Oth Infantry Veterans Committee discuss the "Go For Broke" exhibit with curator Eric Saul. The one-year exhibit, on display at the Presidio Army Museum in San Francisco, is scheduled to end March 7 and will be shown this summer at Los Angeles in conjunction With the 1982 Nisei Veterans Re· union Aug. 5-9. Friday, January 1-8,19821 PACIFIC CITIZEN-9 War Dept. Photo Training completed, men of the 442nd • December 7th in the afternoon they took us all down to the prepare to The Hawaiian Provisional Battalion embark for European warehouse area to load sandbags and barb wires on truck you campaign. know to take the sandbags and barb wires down to the beach Within two months of the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Delos C. area and we worked all day and until about on 10-11 o'clock at Emmons, Commanding General of the Army in Hawaii, dis night and then they said they were going to take us to an area charged all Japanese Americans from the Hawaiian Territorial where we were going to go to sleep and then they took us straight Guard. The Nisei soldiers in the 298th and 299th regiments of the down to the stockade. The Schofield Barracks stockade. And National Guard of Hawaii were also scheduled for discharge as they marched us into the stockage and we all stayed in the soun as replacements from the mainland arnved. stockade. I asked my sergeant, "Hey, how come they are putting us in the stockade?" And he said, "Oh, according to the higher • One oj the major factors in the development ofadverse public ~e ups, this building is the safest building around this area ~tmtullent agaut:)t Amenams of Japanese urzc.estry on the West it is made of corl.crete." And I told the sergeant, "Don't give me Coast in the weeks following the Japanese attack on Pearl Har• that. I feel like a prisoner." I think the Anny higher ups at that bor were the wild. rumors of wholesale sabotage and disloyal point in time did not have confidence in us. conduct by persons of Japanese extraction in the Territory of Hawaii. As the campaign ofhate mounted in the days before the issuance of the evacuation order, West Coast audiences were told that Japanese Americans had engaged infifth column acti• vity, had destroyed blood plasma, had blocked vital roads and had even damaged planes at HickamFielcL Some of these stories were even circulated by the chairman of a congressional com• mittee which was investigating the necessity for wholesale evac• uation. None of them, not one ofthe TUmors, was true. The story of the loyalty of Hawaii's 165,000 residents of Japanese ancestry when the test came will form a stirring chapter in any record of the defense ofoUT Pacific bastion.-PACIFIC CITIZEN

• We had problems with our clothing because we were small At this critical period, several events occurred that changed and the wti/orms they issued were all oversized. Special leggings this decision.The powerful and respected Honolulu Civic As• had to be made-the regular ones were too long. Certain items of sociation spoke out for the Japanese Americans and asked Gen . WAC clothing were also issued but not necessarily worn, e.g., the Emmons to keep them in military service. The Emergency correct (small) size panties. We had some difficulty getting every• Service Committee, Morale Section, Military Governor's Office, body properlyfitted but eventually the army scrounged around to (Hung Wai Oring, GlarIes Loomis, and Shigeo Yoshida) also get together enough /Ul.iforms for everybody. recommended that the Japanese Americans be retained in the service. '!bey were quartennaster's nighnnare. They wore shirts a There was also the exemplary behavior of the Varsity Victory with 131h necks and 27" sleeves; pants with 26" waists and 25" Volunteers. These discharged veterans of the Hawaiian Tern• inseams. And then there were the shoes=would you believe J 2ViliEE? u.s. Army Photo (1943) torial Guard were dismayed by the Army's lack of confidence in Formerly part of the Hawaiian National Guard, 100th Infantry's them but their unswerving devotion to the United States led These were the Japanese American soldiers of the lOOth in• them to offer their services in whatever capacity the Anny fantry Battalion and the 442d Regimental Combat Team All the (from left) Pvt Wallace Onume, Cpl Tetsuo Hayashi and Cpl Harry might choose to use them They cleaned up, they cleared the members of the 100/442 were Japanese Americans except some Nakao are set to fire this anti-tank gun nicknamed "Madame ground, and they installed new military installations. They did of the officers. Pele" after the Hawaiian volcano. everything the Army asked and they did it with diligence and , dedication. Where They Came From In all, 110,000 persons of Japanese ancestry-70,OOO of whom As a result of these events, Gen Emmons reversed his deci• were native-born United tates citizens-were summari1y sion. He recommended to the War Department that a special The men of the 100/442 came from Hawaii and the mainland. moved from their homes, their places of business, or their em• unit be formed to acconunodate the Japanese American soldier Their parents (Issei, first generation) were fanners,laborers, or ployment on the mainland to ten inland concentration camps in Hawaii. He further recommended that this unit be sent to the small storekeepers. A few, a very few, had made it into the (President Harry Trwnan's tenn) scattered in desolate, and mainland for training and safekeeping because, in event of professions or into the upper economic echelons. The Issei were wasteland areas of California and several mountain and central another enemy attack, the Nisei might be mistaken for the prOOibited by law fran owning property, from interracial marri• plains tates. The accommodations were hastily and crudely enemy. Also, there was still the lingering question of their ulti• ages, and from becoming citizens. They were not even second• constructed tarpaper barracks, unpaved muddy streets and mate loyalty. The island GI was later to refer mockingly to this class citizens. walks, paper-thin walls, communal facilities (showers, toil 4 uspicious attitude as, "Who you shoot?" Following Pearl Harbor, the Japanese Americans in HawaiI dining), and barbed-wire fences with guard towers. This was were viewed with fear and suspicion. The West Coast Issei and home for an innocent people and home for many of the volun• Nisei were not only viewed with fear and suspicion, they were teers of the 442d Regimental Combat Team. In 1947, the Presi• evacuated, relocated, and incarcerated Like the biblical Job, dent's Conunittee on ·viI Rights would say, "This (incarcera:• who was qJpressed although he bad coounitted no wrong , tion) is the most striking mass interference since slavery with every political, ecommic, social, military and racist ill was cast the right to physical freedom." upon the mainland Japanese Americans. And like the good and innocent Job, they asked, "Why? They were told, "It's for your own good, your own protectioo." So they locked up the innocent and the bewildered and threw away the key. • The hard part was for OUT parents because here they were at In Hawaii, 3000 miles closer to the enemy, under Military Law the peak of their earning power in their 50 and suddenly they following a savage bombing attack, the 160,000 Japanese Amen• 10 t everything . . .It' really difficult for them to ever think in cans were not relocated, were not evacuated, were not interned. terms ofrecovery. The rest ofus were kind ofyoung and we were They were viewed with suspicioo and distrust but their constitu• a little bit more jle.xible. We didn't understand, but we w re tiooal rights were respected to a greater degree than were the making the best out ofa bad ituation. mainland Japanese Americans. We 10 t our radios. They were turned in to the Police Depart• ment, as instructed We didn't have any weapons in the house 0 consequently we didn't have to turn that in. But ome oj tlte heavier items we old "next to nothing" .. .our.fu:mitw" ,dishes, family heirlooms, and personal possessions. We had a hoice of Battles of the lOO/442nd RCI' either storing it with friends or torillg it at a gov mment ware• Seven Major Campaigns house. At the government WllTi house, w had to pay for all the transportation, the packing, and tile crating. MallY qf us didn't Volturno River Rapido River have enough money to pay for that, so w did the rteXt t thing Cassino Anzio Beachhead Mitch Takata Album and stored the ill the bas ment of friends and tllen they Hill 140 Belvedere ttdf Honokaa Local Board Volunteers (March 27, 1943) Luciana Leghorn would put on the eal by the U . Government to preclude any ne ArnoRiver Invasion of Southern France from g ing in there but that was a bigjoke. M t ofthe it ms wer Bruyeres Rescue of Lost Battalion looted or lost. Maritime Alps La Spezia A lot of the busines people put up rgl1sa)Tl1lg, "Evacuation Genoa Carrara ONE CONGRESSIONAL MEDAL OF HONOR Sale .. Everything Must Go." They w r elling thing -for next to (PFC SADAO MUNEMORI who gave his life by using his own bod nothing ...Tfleir losses wer; tremendol.LS-S me people never cover an enemy grenade and thus saved the live of his comrades in went back because of thIS ituation. A lot of people tumed their same "foxhole". property over to banks to operatefor tllem ...h te ,apaTtmerlts, FIFTY-TWO (52) Distinguished Service Crosses their homes. A it later turned out, they wren', properly rna• ONE (1) Distinguished Service Medal r1Qged. When they returned from camp, years later, tludr prlr Three-hundred-and-sixty (360) Silver Crosses Twenty-eight (28) Oak Leaf Clusters perties had to be completely renovated and improved. TIle costs Twenty-two (22) Legions of Merit there were out of ight. They had received $12 to $19 per month Fifteen (5) Soldiers Medals for working in the camp . They had v ry little mo1ley. Four-Thousand (4,000) Bronze Stars These actions against the Japan Americans ~ Twelve-hundred (1,200) Oak Leaf Clusters after notification by th military int lligence and by th f1 Nine-thousand four-hundred eighty- ix (9,486) Purple Hearts Bureau of Investigation that all potential troublemake had including Oak Leaf Clusters (Some men earned three Purple Hearts) been rounded up. Not on sing! case of espionag or batag Twelve (12) French Croix de Guerre by Japanese Americans on th mainland r in th island oc- Two (2) Palms to Croix de Guerre urred bet" re, dunng or after Pearl Harbor. Y t th entire Two (2) Italian Crosses for Military Merit community was int m toddling infants to 9O-y old grand• Two (2) Italian Medals for Military Valor mothers-on military orders based on "military n - ity'" John L DeWitt, military conunander of the W t m Defense Command, was quoted as saying, "A Jap's a Jap. It mak n difference whether the Jap is a citizen or not" • 1o-PACIFIC CITIZEN I Friday, January 1-8, 1982

The Birth of the The men did manage to earn yet another Soldiers Medal in addition to two Legion of Merit medals. 'Go For Broke' lOOth Infantry Battalion Another detachment of approximately 100 men was trans• ferred to the Military Intelligence Service Language School On June 10, 1942, the Hawaiian Provisional Battalion landed in (MISLS) at Camp Savage, Minnesota. for Japanese language Oakland. California. Two days later, they were activated as the • 1 had been born in the United States, raised in the United training. Although hush-hush at the time, it was generally under• Infantry Battalion. The "One Puka Puka" was bom. States and I have no feelings about Japan. It was kind of the lOOth stood that these men would serve in the Pacific theater in inte• yes-yes-no-no type of thing .. .the unqualified allegiance versus Following their activation, the 100th left by three different grated units as translators, interrogators, and interpreters. would you attest unqualified allegiance to the United States by trains for Camp McCoy, Wiscoo.sin. While enroute, the men of 'This group was the forerunner of more than 6,000 Japanese ' saying "yes" to 1 think it was questions 27 and 28 as I recall. It the 100th had an uneasy moment-one of the trains pulled into a Americans who would eventually serve in the Pacific against the was either yes, yes or no, no. Several people had indicated siding which was enclosed with barbed wire. Aware of the Japanese enemy during World War II. The story of the heroic that-they said, no, no. Why should I sign my life away under internment of the West Coast Japanese Americans, the islanders efforts of these men is gradually being told, but their success duress, and here they have incarcerated me and suddenly ask wondered if the same fate was in store for them. After an against the Japanese provided evidence of the Japanese Ameri• me to volunteer and lay down my life for a country that actually agonizing delay, the train slowly backed onto the main track and can soldiers ability to fight in a nonsegregated unit against the continued (J1 its way. betrayed me. There was this attitude and then there was the enemy in the Pacific as well as in Europe. Many of them were other attitude which my brother and I had right from the begin- decorated for valor and meritorious service against the enemy. ning . . .We havefaith in the United States. Yes, the United States Gen Robert Willoughby, ilief of Staff for the Intelligence Ser• did make a mistake but we felt it was our country--right and vice noted that the Japanese Americans in the MIS shortened wrong. There was never any question for us, and so our parents • We had a very anxious moment there because the train pulled the war in the Pacific by two years and saved thousands of Allied had. asked us, whatever your decisions are, it's OUTS. We will not into the siliin.~. It was a compound wit~ barbed wi~es all around. lives. decideforyolL My dad said he loves the United States . ..he lived The word q.wckly go.t aroUJ'IfI that thIS was a przsoner of war here most ofhis life. He came here as a young man at 18 and he camp, and It looked like aprzsonerofwarcamp, thejirstone we felt that this was his country and my mother felt very ITU.lCh the , had e~er seen,. ofcourse. There we:e guards at the corners ~ all Combat Training same way. One thing she did stipulate is that don't ever forget that kind ofthing, but then the tram backed offand we continued this incident. And I said, "Oh mother, I could never forget this." I on our way ... In February 1943, the lOOth Infantry Battalion was trans• . said, "1 still have faith in the United States and this is the way 1 ferred from Camp McCoy to Camp Shelby, Mississippi for ad• feeL" vanced-unit training. They were attached to the 69th Division. • I remember looking out of the train window and looking back By April, the lOOth was fully engaged in the Louisiana ma• at the Rocky MoWltains, you know, way off. receding away. Here neuvers, the graduate ''war-games'' course to test the combat 'This distrust and suspicion followed the Nisei even into their were the Rocky Mountains, its formation sticking out over the readiness of all the participating units. These red forces against training at Camp McCoy, Wisconsin. and at Camp Shelby, Hat• horizon, and they were very, very blue mountains, you know. the blue forces war games were conducted in swamps, in mud, tiesburg, Mississippi All during stateside .training a constant Then the words of "America" came to me. "Oh beautiful for and torrential rain. The lOOth scored tops for their perfonnance flow of secret, periodic reports on the Japanese American unit spacious skies," that kind This is what that range out there in the field. After a two-week rest period at Camp Oaiborne, wended its way to the War Department In addition, cameras. represented to me at that parti.aJ1ar moment. I t was a marvelous Louisiana, the men finally returned to Camp Shelby in June. generally taboo, were issued to a favored few who took pictures thing, you know, and I've never forgotten that imag~eeing the of the scenery and the senoritas and any suspicious or abunai Rocky MolDltains offin the distance, reminding me ofAmerica. (dangerous) kibei (Nisei educated in Japan). As mentioned be• fore. there was no espionage, no sabotage, ever, by any Japanese • The proposal to organize a combat team consisting of loyal American. uspicious? Only to the Caucasian eye. AblDU1i? Not American citizens of Japanese descent has my full approval . . one case. Shortly after their arrival at Camp McCoy, the 100th Infantry This is a natural and logical step toward the restitution of the Out of this atmosphere of fear and hatred, the Nisei from Battalion was assigned to the Second Anny. Selective Service procedures which . ..were disrupted bY the Hawaii and the mainland stepped forward as volunteers for an The 100th trained from June to December in surruners heat, evacuation. No loval citizen should be denied the democratic anny that distrusted them. and in winters snow. For many of the I-lawaiian Nisei. it was right to exercise the responsibilities of his citizenship, regard- their first experience with snow. Hot or cold, wet or dry, the men less ofancestry . The principle on whICh thIS wUlltry wasfo!Dlded of the lOOth received superior ratings for their performance 00 and by which it has always been governed is that Americanism • My two brothers were working for the Army at one of the big the field and on the drill grounds. They also received superior is a matter of the mind and the heart; Americanism is not, and airports at Kaneohe. When 1 got there on a pass, they told me how marks from the townspeople for their model conduct while off never was, a matter ofrace or ancestry. the Marine guard poked at their lunch with his bayonet, how he the post They earned five Soldiers iedals for heroism while FRANKLl DELANO ROOSEVELT bugged them so much that they couldn't eat. And here J came not in combat for saving the lives of several local residents who PRESIDENT, home on a pass from guarding the shorelines just a half a mile almost drowned in a frozen lake. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA away. But my brothers were not the only ones bugged. When I carne home, my room was ransacked. J asked my Dad what Early Transfers happened. He said., "A couple of marines came and they turned yourroomupsidedown.. .. j said., "For what?" He aui, "Somebody The lOOth was an 0 ersize battali n Wlth six (Co. A. B. ,D, E told them that you were a spy or something." and F) instead of four companies. hartly after theJ.r amval at Camp McCoy, 25 EIvl (enlisted men) and three officers were detached and sent on a rrusslon to Cat Island. This was a secret. • After Pearl Harbor, the Japanese Amencans m the Army on special task force that conceptually and literally went to the dog tJte malltUlJ'ld wert:! "collected" mto group~ tl[ vunous po ts (see story m italics). around the cowury c.l11d as Igned merual task::;. One day at Fort Leavenworth, Karrsas, we were gIVen I11Struc• tions to mow the main playgrounds which adjomed the post • On November 3,1942, Major JLm Lovell, Lt "Rocco" Marww. headquarters . . .the instructions were to "keep all the men (Ja• alld Lt Ernest Tanaka, WIth 21 members oj" the Jrd Platoon, panese Americans) mowing the lawn 20 feet away from the Conzpany B plus Herbert I hll, HQ Co., left Camp McCoy by headquarters building." They were qfraid some ofthe men would airplane 011 an assignment of trictest eer: cy. TIlre hours by air look through the windows and possibly read. classified docu• to the mouth of the Miss~!ppi River, a hort ride by truckfrom ments on the desks. airport t.o pier. then an overnight journey by boat to an islarui The men landed at old Fort Massachusett:> on hip I Iarui It They were volunteers who had two battles to fight-one was len miles long and two miles wide. The met! 'ettled into an against the enemy in Ew"Ope and in the Pacific. and one agamst old barrack-type building next to the Fort. TItis was to be their the enemy of ractal prejudice in their own country. They home for the next three months. Their assignment? "DOG !" emerged from both battles triumphant and wrote a blazing They were to help train dog to become coutdog. messenger chapter of loyalty and devotion in the pages of American mili• dogs, "trruler"dog. entrydog ,andattackdog. D.C. Pence Album tary history. DaUy, the men left by boat from /up Island to Cat 1 land Company standards of the 100th Infantry. topped With battle This chapter begins with the story of the Hawaiian ProVISional where the dog were kept. Why the Japanese American contin• streamers, flutter dunng a review of troops by Gen. Mark Clark In Battalion that later became the lOOth Infantry Battalion. gent of soldiers to aid in the trai.ning ofdogs? ome rea.r-echelot! Italy (27 July 1944). commands decided that the Jcrpan.ese oldier melled differently and that the Japanese Americans mustgiveoffa imilar mell. It was a good idea, but it didn't work. omebody forgot to t U the The excellent training record of the lOOth Infanny Battahon dog . According to the argento of the Palamett . Yasuo Ta• played a ritieal part in the decision to open the draft to all kata, "most of us were transferred to Cat 1 land to pollut the Japan ~ Americans, It provided upport for th growing num• island where the dog wer, witlI the mell of"Jap" blood. Lat r ber f recommendations from respected mrnunity leaders results howed that this duJ not mak allY difference . . Ea II dog and go rnment officials who urged that th draft be reinstated trainer em his dog out to fmd IlS. W1um the dog ;poN d us. the ~ for all Japan Americans that th be allO\ ed, as American trainer wouldjir u liot and \IJ would p dead willi a piece of citizens, to fight for their counny. meat .. .infront of our neck. TIle dog woukl t tlte meat and ~~ lick our faces . .. m nths after tho lOOth' a tivation, th t dy tream of penn ns and mt rvenn 'by p minent Americans, both ciVl• lian and military. prompted 'dent Franklm . R 'velt and th War partment to re-open military sen f r Japan An1 rican v lunt .

laCrosse (WIS.) Tribune Photo Men of the 100th In formation at Camp McCoy, WIS .

• Friday, January 1-8, 1982 / PACIFIC CITIZEN-11 The Birth of the In July 1943, the 100th Infantry Battalion received its colors emblazoned with the motto. "Remember Pearl Harbor." The 442nd Combat Team • We were one weU-trained w1it. We krww exactly what these l00th had passed its final combat test It was now officially rated guys are gonna do. We knew they rwt gonna bug out on you, they On February 1, 1943, the 442d Regimental Combat Team was as being "combat ready." In August, the l00th Battalion left gonna protect you. So that's why we don't have any outstanding activated. Except for the office~who were mostly Cauca• Camp Shelby for North Africa It was to be nine long months of heroes. We never leave a guy out there by himself. We'U be aU sians, it was oomposed of Japanese Americans. battle for the l00th before the 442d Combat Team would join up together. We fought as a unit. We would never leave a guy out In May, approximately 1,500 volunteers from the mainland with them in Italy. and about 3,(00 from Hawaii assembled for training at Camp there flat by himself and come back. We would fight together til Shelby, Mississippi. we get everybody out or take OlD' objective. As simple as that. A These volw1teers did not fit the usual Hollywood version of lot oftimes ifyou have an organization where you leave a guy out fighting men. They were sho(t of height and weight and bore there by himself. the re.st ofthe guys pull away, you gonna h{:we a • Eisenhower's staff declined them (100th) ...Clark (took) little resemblance to John Wayne. The Nisei volunteers from problem You have trouble later on. But we never diathat. We them . . .They were superb! They took terrific aJSUalties. They Hawaii came from a setting that was tinged with suspicion and always stayed together andfought as a team. showed .rare colDage and tremendous fighting spirit. Not too distrust Many of the mainland Nisei came from coocentration much can be said of the performance of those bttttalions in camps. Other Japanese Americans came from the midwest, the ElDope and everybody wanted them ...in the operations, and east, the north, or the south, but they all came from a draft board The original442d patch was designed by the War Department we used them quite dramati.aJ1ly in the great advance in IUlly rating of 4-C, Enemy Alien and depicted a yellow ann brandishing a red sword. The general which led up to the termination of the fighting there. reaction to the patch, from the Commanding Officer, Col Pence, -GEN GEORGE C. MARSHAlL • I think we all felt that we had an obligation to do the best we down to the Privates, was "Ugh!" Thanks to the efforts of T/Sgt could and make a good record. So that when we came back we Mitch Miyamoto, the 442 came up with its own handsome patch The lOOth Joins the can come back with 0lU heads high and say, "Look we did as design. It showed a silver ann and hand holding a torch against a much as anybody else for this country and we proved OlD' loyalty; field of blue surrounded by a border of silver and red. It was a 34th Red Bull Division and rww we would like to take OlD' place in the community just positive symbol of freedom and liberty and it was proudly worn by over 18,000 Japanese American soldiers. On August 11, 1943, the 100th was shipped out of Camp Shelby like anybody else and rwt as a segregated group ofpeople." And I to Camp Kiliner, New Jersey. Two new company commanders think it worked . .. The 442d started training on May 10, 1943. This consisted of the fWldamentals such as military courtesy and discipline; close• were appointed: Taro Suzuki for B (Baker) Company and Jack order drill; the manual of anns; nomenclature, care and clean• Mizuha for D (Dog) Company. By the 20th the l00th was in • I didn't go in to prove myselfAmerican because I knew I was a Brooklyn. The next day they were headed east on the high seas good American. Right through, I mean.from the beginning. Be• ing of ~uipment and weapons; familiarization with gas and grenades; day and night patrolling; covering flre; map reading; in a banana boat, the James Parker. On September 2d, they fore the war I was a good American. I went in the war because 1 landed at Oran, North Africa and bivouacked at Fleurus--a few didn't like Hitler and Tojo.l didn't like their pogroms, the kiUing and so forth. Nearby, the 522d Field Artillery Battalion learned how to miles supply train guards in North Africa Col Farrant L Turner of the Polish pecple, and Jewish people, and their the master would have none of it Col Turner insisted that the lOOth be race thing. I mean that was the thing that drove me. 1 remember service a 10Smm howitzer, how to fire it, and how to clean it They learned the ftmdamentals of setting fuse, trajectory, for• committed to'oombat Subsequently, the tOOth was attached to thefirst sennon I gave in Shelby was concerned with this. I said if the 34th Red Bull Division composed of men from Iowa, MinnE7 you came here to prove yourself a better American, that you are. ward and aerial observation, and range. At the same time, the 232d Combat Engineers took basic sora, Nebraska and the Dakotas. The Red Bull was the first a good American, you might as weU go home. But if you came division from the United States' to enter combat, and its men had here because you wanted to defend democracy and brotherhood training and went on to learn the skills of their craft, ie, how to build and blow up bridges, how to build and mine roads, how to fought with great distinction in North Africa. It had fought with and equality, then that would be a worthwhile thing to fight for. the British to hammer the Nazis at Kasserine Pass, at Hill 609 And that's what wefoughtfor. cut and fill with their bulldozers and other equipment, and how to sweep mines. (army term for 609 meters height), and in and around 'I\m.is. This division had more battle experience than any other American Meeting of the lOOth and troops at the time. The Commanding General of the 34th Divi• The Japanese American citizen had been classified as an sion, Maj Gen Olarles W. Ryder, was elated to hear that a enemy alien shortly after Pearl Harbor. This act of denying the 442d at Camp Shelby separate infantry battalion was available. He cared little aboot Nisei their U.S. citizenship status was unwarranted and Wljusti• the oolor or race of the troops. He needed a fighting, dependable fIed and was accomplished withoot a trial, a hearing or a review. By June 1943, the lOOth Infantry Battalion had finished their infantry battalion. He got the lOOth. The 100th took the place of Commanding this regimental oomplement of Nisei volunteers combat readiness training in Louisiana. They then returned to the top-rated 2d Battalion, 133 Infantry Regiment which had at Camp Shelby were Col Olades W. Pence and his executive Camp Shelby and fOWld the 442 Regimental Combat Team wait• been designated as General Dwight D. Eisenhower's head• officer, Lt Col Merrit B. Booth. Serving in the various units of the ing to greet them. It was a time for reunions. beer busts, and quarter palace guards. regiment were Lt Col Keith K Tatom (First Battalioo). U Col getting-together-on~passes. Brothers, cousins. and old buddies James H Hanley (2d Battalioo) and Lt Col Sherwood Dixon (3d from the islands grabbed precious minutes together whenever Battalion). Lt Col Baya M. Harrison commanded the 522d Field they could • He (Gen Charles Ryder,34th Division) said nobody cou1dfight Artillery Battalion; Capt Pershing Nakada. the 232d Combat in combat carrying ajidl.field pack. He said that if you nul and Engineer Ompany; Capt Edwin R Shorey, Cannoo Canpany; try to carry something like that in combat you would be so and MJSgt Jun Yamamoto, 206th U.S. Anny Band The Cau• exhausted the Germans would just be able to come over and casian officers and leaders deserved a medal for just showing up shoot you in the head as you lay exhausted on the growui He and staying on. said., ''That's stupid" He said that the most you will ever carry is Camp Shelby, M1ss1ssipp~ in Febniruy 1911J, was m a deplor• one day's ration at the most. You are going to carry a poncho in able stat:e-the wind blew through the barrack walls; the rain the summertime and maybe in the winter time you might carry a leaked through the roofs, the sand and dust got into food and coat, but even then I doubt that, he says. You will carry a jacket. bedding, and the mud made the roads all but impassable. During You will carry YOlD' food, a poncho, you will carry some socks and the early mmths, officers and cadre reported to camp from all underwear. The socks you will pin wuler your arms because that that get wet will dry. points of the United States. As they straggled in, they underwent is the only place doesn't and always be You training and instruction during the day and worked as carpen• will carry yOlU ammunition and yOlU weapons. He says, that will ters and plumbers at night By mid-April when the first of the be about aU you can manage and even that may be too rrwch to 4,500 voltmteers began arriving, the camp was ready. The zeal be able to nul right and crawl in combat and that is what you are going to have to do. And he said, "/ don't want anybody going on and gtmg-ho effort of the Japanese Americal\ cadre gave some 3(}mile hikes anymore .. .it breaks the body down .. 1 want you assurance to the valiant officers that perhaps the potentials were to want to able to hike at hand to weld a ftghting unit take fast. short hikes. I you be fOlD' orfive miles in an holD', altema.ting TW111ing and waIJdng and marching."

Ryd planned' to use th 100th in combat from the moment the unit was attached to the 34th Division. He personal• D C. Pence Album ly spent hours briefing and giving the battalion combat orienta• Men of the 100th Infantry move up to the front on a dusly road in tion; he revamped the lOOth's training program to beter prepare the Valletn area, Italy, 28 May 1944. them t r the fighting to came On ptember 19,1943, th 34th Division, including th lOOth, left Oran and headed for Italy. • "Gofor Broke" is a Pidgin English expr ion-it predated the actual 442dformation.1 recall ome ofthose heavy crap hooters The 1DOth in Italy: on the ship from Honolulu to San Francisco. J remember one guy layi.n.g two, three hundred dol.l.ars-all he had, just for one tum at Salerno to Foggio roUing the dice. And I clearly remember his aying let' "go for ~ broke." Yeah, aU together--caution to the wind, do or dier-this is After a beachhead landing at erno on tembe.r 6th, th it. IOOth left for their first objecti e: Montemaran Their route went through th towns of Mon rvino. Eboli, and toursi; then north of Teora, t Lioni, and on to th san Angel Monte• marano road. It rained th first night and it continued to rain. It was also time for some ibling rivalry. The island Japanese Th .Hth and the IOOth were to slosh through intenninabl rains Americans were known as "buddhaheads"-a uphemisti ren• until the w ther turned to snow and sleet, and winter tin. U.S. Army Photo (1943) dition of the pidgin Japanese term. "buta-h d" meaning pig• The men the 100th reached Montemarano on th 27th. Th Nisei from California, Hawaii and other areas train at Camp head. The Nisei mainlanders were called "kotonks"-a term next day, the first 100th casualty \UTed. 1st Lt onrad'lbilka:• Shelby. Miss. Here, Sgt. K. Yoshimoto (at right) from California cormoting th sound of an empty coconut hitting the ground. yama. then sergeant and squad leader of D (Dog) Compan ,was delivers mail from home to ptc. Kiyoshi Miura, Hawaii, while Cultural differences and missed promotions seemed to play a hit by a fragment from a land mine t off by a passing j p. He training in the field. part in the friction between the two group . It reached the point was slightly wounded in th fa where several "bust-up "occUlTed. Some overbearing and ffi• On th 29th, th 100th led th ad an fth 133d egimenton cious mainland noncoms got to be too much for the buddhaheads a chi to Montemill to. Their first encounter Wlth th enen1,Y and the sound of empty coconuts hitting the ground rev rbel'• was at Chiusana bef Montemill to. Baker ompany was on ated at Camp Shelby. The rivalry died down as soon as th tOOth point with th 3d pi toon, headed b U ul F uning. leading. was alerted for overseas duty. Tim : 0915. As th y mo, ed into a clearing n . a bend in the road. tll mans opened fire with machine guns, mortar. and CootinoOO on :\.1 ~~ 12-PACIFIC CITIZEN I Friday, January 1-8,1982 • For guys up in the front line, a 24-hour period is an etmity. Any second you're going to die. People who live ordinary lives just 'Go For Broke' don't realize how long a 24-hour period is in combat. There, artlliery. Sgt Stugeo "Joe" Takata moved out in front He spotted you're lu.cky to get any sleep; you're lucky to get any food; and a machine gtU1 nest and advanced while firing his Tommy gun death is just around the corner every second . . 24 holD'S be• Sgt Takata was hit in the head by a ricochetting machine gun comes an eternity, and it's an actionjilled 24 hours. Sometimes bullet As he lay dying, Sgt Takata pointed out the machine gun it's a very calm period. But even in the calm period, you're sitting emplacement to his platoon and they finally silenced the gun there. You don't know what's going to happen, and you don't Later, in a separate action, Pvt Tanaka of the 2d platoon was also know when it's going to happen. It could happen in the very next killed and he became the second KIA (killed in action). minute, it could happen in the next hour. So the tension is always there. You're crouching and hiding, waitingfor all heU to break • General Marshal .. .gave me very strict personal instruc• loose. tions .. .to report to him immediately the outcome in your first baptism offire .. .after your first engagement, I said, "They ... What Were the First peTjormed magnijia:ntly on the field of battle. I've never had suchjine soldiers. Send me all you got. Days in Combat Like? -GEN. MARK W. CLARK Dilling the first two days of combat, the lOOth had gained a At noon the next day, elements of the lOOth Infantry Battalion hero and had made an Wlwilling running start on the "Purple reached a blown bridge south of Qriusano. While temporarily Heart Battalion" legend They lost 2 m~ KIA and 7 WIA The halted, the enemy showered them with artillery fire. Luckily, Nisei were exhausted, wet and muddy. They had learned that the there were no casualties and the lOOth moved on. enemy was both methodical and lethal, e.g., the Germans zeroed• 1bat afternoon, orders were received to move two miles in with their artillery and mortars as they retreated; they booby• across COWltry, bypassing Qriusano. The goal was to set up a trapped trees, doorways, and dead txxlies. They were tough and guard at the road junction to the northwest By nightfall this smart and were clever in their use of weapons and terrain. Atthe mission was accomplished in spite of more artillery and addi• same time, the enemy also learned a lesson. After two days of tional casualties. combat with the lOOth Infantry Battalion, the Germans were New orders. A (Able) Company was now instructed to remain forced to give up seven miles of real estate, one bridge, two towns, and several road jlUlctiOOS. The Japanese American 00 guard at the Oliusano jWlction and the other elements were ordered to move on to Montefalciooe-the direction from which soldiers, like the battle-tough 34th Division, had come to fIght # the artillery fire was coming. It was pitch dark, but the lOOth negotiated the road and the backyards of Mootefalcione and by midnight, they had ascertained that the enemy had left the area U.S. Army Photo (1944) Thus ended the second day in combat 1bat night the men of the Lt. Gen. Mark Clark, commanding general of the 5th Army, pins lOOth slept in scattered array a mile long in Italy-from Qriu• awards designating a Presidential Unit Citation to 100th Infantry sano to Montefalcione. members during review at Vada, Italy. Comparative survey shows aged Japanese worry less, prefer work until age 70 to leisure

TOKYO - An international old folks in the three Western A half centwy ago when the The first black American in Japan in 1845 comparative swvey recently countries replied because their job average life span in Japan was conducted by the Prime Mi• was interesting. 53, workers retired at age 55, 6-Eaming money was the aim The first American black nister's Office disclosed Sept Japan~ which is no longer practical in who, the history books say, The historical inciuent oc• for 38.7% of and 82.3% person to set foot on Japan 15 that old people in Japan of Thais in this regard. view of the expanded life ex• touched his skin, trying to curred eight years after the have less worries and have a More Aged Women pectancy. Recession-hit indus• was the helmsman of a whal• "erase the blackness." Concer American ship Morrison was stronger desire to live with The report says that 15% of tries are encouraging early re• ing ship which sailed into the sang some songs, probably chased away by the Japanese their children than their coun• Japan' population will be tirement before mandatory harbor of Edo, now Tokyo, in spirituals, before Japanese of• Government by cannons and terparts in Western countries. "old" by the end of the present 55. the spring of 1845, says a Japa• fIcials. In accoWlts of the visit, eight years before Admiral nese historian. For the purpose of the sur• decade. 1bis percentage IS Retirees who retire at 55 Concer 15 described as a Perry demanded the opening vey, questioonai.res were ad• higher than those of most ad• still wait till age 6S for a gov• His name was Pyrrus Con• "black man, black as ink." up of the COlIDtry. dressed to about 1,000 old pe0- vanced Western COlUltries. enunent pension but one-third cer and he was the helmsman Historical records in Ameri• Over 100 years later, Japan of the whaling ship Manhattan ple each in Japan, 'Thailand, Of the total old population, of the work-force is not eli• ca say that upon his return to and the nited tates are which docked in Edo' harbor the U.S., Britain and France -l,590,000 are males and gible. Unions and govetnment the U. ., Cancer said that the friendly countries, with 0 er after the crew rescued 22 Ja• regarding such things as the 6,340,000 females. have agreed renrement age Japanese fishermen appeared l,500,OOO people crossing the panese fishennen who had old people's role in the house• Of the old people, 19% of the should be raised and vanous to fear the other crew mem• ocean from both directions to been shipwrecked, according hold, their job ,their desire to men outlive wives and 63.8C'h industries are now moving in bers thinking that they might visit the respecti e COWltries to Masayoshi Matswnura of work, their feelings, their of the women outlive their that direction--to age 60, but be killed, but showed him e eryyear. with the lUlderstand!ng that the Japan Foundati n. lives, their religious attitudes, husbands. friendship for reasons he -Asahi Evening ews wage increases for lder Matsumura checked Japa• their sense of values, and their Among the aged persons, didn't understand happiness. workers are granted on merit nese history books after re• the number 0 those still work• ceiving a booklet containing a The wvey disclosed that ing totals 2,880,000 of whJch and not seniority-a ;ystem which has mirurruzed large• reference n the matt r from ,:,weden and West Germany 44.9% ar engaged in mdepen• t~ scale worker mobility till now. American historian Arthur now rank in the percent• dent enterprises and J4.sch Davi whom he met 10 W age of old people to the total are employed. Experts also believe the ag- population at 15.3%, followed 109 population I an ev n big• York eight years ago while Households comprismg on• working for the consulat by Britain, rrance and the U. . ly the elderly spend an aver• ger test of Japan's econ my lif~'Pan there. But as the average age of ¥l47,000 a month, but than the oil cnsis, rece.slon or According to Ma wnura, grows longer and the birthrate 36.5% cannot affortl to spend heavy dependence on unport• declines in Japan, this nation is ed raw materiaL the black helmsman boarded more than ¥loo,OOO a month, th Manhattan after \ inning expected to overtake these the r port showed. Apart from two "baby COWltries in the years ahead, booms" (1946-49 and 1971- freedom from being a sla e in Of the total households. al• ' utilampton ou id New the swvey shows. most 83% own their own 197-!), Japan's birthrate de• Busy Old Age clines steadLIy. [t fell below 1 York. homes. They have savmgs of The yage t k Con r The survey also disclosed ¥7,080,OOO on the average. million last year in a popula• aroWld th Cape of Good h pe. the following facts: But households with only tion of 117 million. The yoWlg l-E1der Japan~ want to work through th Indian 0 and ¥820,OOO in savings constitute population is now believed to WltiJ they reach 70 to cononue to have been one of the key to to th Pa ifk. 'Th ship re• make a livmg, while their Amen• the largest group. scued 22 Japan , fish nnen can and French counterpartS want the economic "mU'acl .. f the Socutl lml)licahons to retire by aroWld 6S to enjoy a 19605. Th ir absorption im hipwrecked off th islands of variety of leisure purswt!; U1 their Oaisaku Maeda, an official the workforce k pt CO!)t of Tori and lzu, and headed for rernainIDg liferune, the repon Wltil tilt! I UKyU .\It:!trOPUUlcill wages down and contributed th port of Edo. disclosed. lnsnrute of veronrology, re• to high prodUCOVlty. But all The appearan f forelg11 2-The bve...o; of old people:: U1 Ja• cently commented to the that has changed as the youth ship surprised the Japanese pan are mostly household,,;en• Lhristian ,:,cience M nitor who w re living und r a f u• tered, and few old people engage of that ret reach middle ag in U1 leisure purSUIts or paroclpate in correspondent Geoffrey Mur• the '80 '. ::,orne IOdustri ' find dal policy of i I tion f m socLal activities, but their Western ray here: "The increase of the this a blessing, allowing th m oth r colUltrie '. couotef1)artS are more active in aged population is laying a to automate operations, such But tll Manhattan was al• social activioes and their leISure heavy burden on most socie• as auto manufa turing, lowed tanh r aft r rew purswts are diverse. nes today. In the case of Ja• With many Japanese facUlg members explained with g -• '>-Nearly &:Ii of old people in pan, however, the rapid in• tures aud hand movements Japan want to be always WIth their retirement with precIOuS littl grandcluldren but about 60% of crease in older people i ' mak• security, th ~re are implica• that til y had Illy com to th old people in the U.~. and Frc:lllce ing the situation even more tions that Japan's image of s0- J pan harbor to turn rh want to dine or chat WIth them diffi cull. " cial cohesivenes will be Japan ' C fish rm n. unlyoccasionally. .Japan has long adhered LO sharply challenged. 'lbe idea A ortting to historical re• 4)About 4ked what lTUi4.Ie them ~n­ that they be cared for by their wi th budgetarY restraints-is being cs()(.'Ciall popular the Livingston-Merced JACL (231 ~ pp, $15.23 ppd: Ichiro Min tinue to work, more than -w'k of children. a dilemma not easily resolved, among th cw'iou ' nl k rs 7634 N Vameto Rd\ Livingston, CA 95334, 209-394-2267). Friday, January 1-8,1982/ PACIFIC CITIZEN-13 Scientists warn of raw fish worm hazard At a time when Japanese prompted by an outbreak of In North America, this pa• roundworms, approximately dishes such as sushi and sa• flsh tapeworm disease in Los rasite can be found in the % inches in length, are usual• shimi are becoming more and Angeles in September 1980. Great Lakes, Alaska and Ca• ly imbedded in the flShes ' ca• more popular with many Several people at a party, who nada. It can be transmitted to vity, suich as the intestine or Americans, the National Cen• had eaten sushi made with tu• humans through the digestion liver. ter for Disease Control in At• na and red snapper tfrom Ca-· of raw or incompletely cooked Unlike the fresh water tape• lanta has recently published a lifornia) and with fresh sal• fIsh. worms, there is no specillc warning that raw flsh , if not mon tfrom Alaska), suffered The infection was also re• cure for an infection by ani• prepared properly, can tran• from an illness with symp• ported in other states such as sakis, but according to Mike smit parasites to humans. toms that included abdominal Washington, Oregon, Alaska Moser of the Marine Science The COC's report was cramps, nausea, flatuence, and Hawaii and although Institute at UC Santa Bar• belching and diarrhea. most of the patients reported bara, there are ways to pre• Physicians had discovered eating the flsh raw, some had vent digesting the parasites. Fuji Film wins '84 that these patients had been said their dishes were pre• Moser suggests that before Olympics bid inflicted with Diphyllobo• pared by smoking, pickling or one serves a raw dish using a thrium tapeworm infections, 'cooking. marine catch, the flesh of the ws ANGELES-Fuji Photo which, in this case, was trans• The tapeworm infection can fIsh should be sliced thinly Film Co., Ltd of Japan was mitted from the tuna and be cured by Yomesan , a drug enough so that any larvae can named Dec. 11 as the official salmon. classifled as a niclosamide, be ~een. By "candling", or film of the 1984 ' Olympics, Diphyllobothrium is a spe• which can only be legally ob• holdmg the flSh up to a light, after outbidding the large cies usually found in fresh• tained from the CDC. Because the roundworms, if any can be American company, East• water flsh , and because sal• of the restriction on the drug, seen in the shadows. man Kodak, it was reported in mon is anadromous tliving in the CDC can trace the inci• the Los Angeles Times. Fuji both fresh and salt water) it dence of the parasite easily. Of course, notes Moser, flSh that is completely cooked won a coII1.q1itrnent valued at had not been suspected of car• Fish tapeworm infection is about $9 million, and will pay should have no problems and rying the worm. not acquired from properly Photo by Hatsume Kosakai the Los Angeles Olympic the larvae will be killed. canned flsh, noted the CDC, Freezing the flSh for 60 The sashimi parasite, an anisakid orfishworm (magnified 20 Committee an indicated $5.5 Performing Arts show and there are ways to prevent times) will lodge itself in the body of marine fish and if digested million in cash. hours at -2OC t 4F) will also the infection in fresh flsh, it can be transmitted to humans. Fuji will also set up a pro• wins media honors kill the anisakis. cessing lab at the Olympic such as: Moser advises fishermen to NEW YORK-" Japanese Per• t1) Cooking all parts of the press center where the film forming Arts in America," a clean their catch as soon as Moser. lodge near the bones, the fIsh until they reach a temper• possible, since the larvae that Dr. Thomas Cheng, profes• place where the cheapest cuts shot by all 400 photographers live presentation of dance, ature of at least 56C ( 133F) for accredited to the games-an are coiled in the flShes ' cavity sor of cell biology and director of flSh come from," Cheng theatre and music by Ameri• 5 minutes. estimated 250,000 rolls-will can and Japanese artists from will begin to move into its of the marine bio-medical re• told The Continental Times in (2) Freezing the fIsh to -lBC muscles within hours after it search division of the Medical Ontario. be developed free. three cities, has won the (OF ) for 24 hours or to -lOC In return, the Japanese Bronze Award from the 24th is caught. University of South Carolina, Anisakids are visible as tl4F) for 72 hours. Some flsh recipes, such as also suggests proper freezing whitish threads or flecks in company will be able to use annual International Filln and Curing by smoke or a brine the Olympic logo and mascot Television F~tival here. ceviche, call for an acidic or of flSh to get rid of the para• the tissue, but should not be (salt) solution can also be ef• brine based marinade, while sites, but noted that it is usu• conft1Sed with veins and in its advertising and mention ~produced by KCET-TV fective, but this method is not cured fish (such as the Norwe• ally not done because frozen sinews that they resemble. A its sponsorship of the Ameri• in Los Angeles and the College desirable since a proper de• gian recipe of GravflSh) is flSh is Dot desirable for sushi. general look of mealness can tearns in the advertising. of Fine Arts, UCLA, the two• gree of saturation throughout Although Kodak had been hour special won in the categ• only lightly salted and Cheng added that there is a should be considered suspect. the tissue of the flsh must be greater danger of contracting strongly interested in serving ory of cultural television-pub• sugared. But neither of these Segments of the tapeworm obtained. processes is sufficient enough anisakids from inexpensive look like cysts in the fleshy the games, negotiations broke lic service programming. The to kill the parasites, noted cuts of sashimi. "The Larvae tissue. down when Los Angeles program was made possible Marine, or saltwater fIs h Olympi.c representatives re• by grants from the Japanese• such as flounder, cod, had• portedly found the American U.s. Friendship Commission, dock, yellowtail and ling may company's officials extreme• Hoso Bunka Foundation, Pa• carry a different type of para• ly limited in the commitment cific Telephone and Tele• site, the Anisakis simplex, or Books from Pacific Citizen more commonly known as they were willing to make to graph and the Japan Foun• NOW IN PAPERBACKJ The Bamboo People: The law and the city. dation. "anisakids." These larval the Japanese Americans. By Fronk Chuman. An ever poJr ular reference OIllssei-Nisellegol history. (As of Jan . 1. 1982: Some books listed previously o $9.00 ppd, sahcover. (H• publicans) thinking about it. I sluck wilh Ihe SlOry 10 its unimog lned culmtnarion. attempt to recruit volunteers priations in Congress. wish them luck. " LJ $5.7S postpoid, softcaver The Issei. By Pet Hiroooko . limIted ed'tlOll, 21 28in .• Ii 110 a from the side supporting the Tolcyo Rose: Orphan ofthe Pacific, by MasayoDuus. A fascino· series of Ihree prullS . Bannai also said there were In recent months, howev r, ling norrative, wllh IOtraduction by EdWin 0 ROlschaour. PRICE SUWECT TO HA E internment to testify at the he has been approached by a prejudices, both in the Nikkei o $ 13.95 postpold. hardcover. Po~talln IJrance (U.S . only) Ira hearing but found it difficult community and in other seg• number of community and Hawaiian Tales, by Allan B ekman. Eleven motchless Ion S of Ihe Japanese illYl1lgronl in Hawaii. Firsl 15 10 value: odd 50 . because such persons ' 'did not ments of the population. state party people asking him Up 10 50, odd 8 ~ , (P 10 ures ort! r er $50) feel they wanted to be subject [.J $4. 70 postpoid. hardcove r. "On the one end there are to consider elected positions Sachle, a Oaughter of HDwail, by PalSy S. Saiki. A f(ulMul Nome ...... • ...... • ,. to negati ve attention." those l in the Nikkei commu• for various offices and com• portrayal of Ihe eorly Ni sei in Hawaii lold in navel Fonn. U $5.25 postpoid , sollcover. Addre ..•. .. . •.. ••... - , .. , •..• , . ...••• , - .••.•••. nity) who say they won't take missions-" Everything but As an example, the Los An• Easl 10 America: A History of the Japane.. in the Unlt.d ity. tot . ZiP ..... , .•. " .•. , ••.•• " •.•. _ •••....••• geles hearings in July were anything less than $25,000, to governor I " noted Bannai. Slale •. By Roberl Wilson· Bill Ho okowo . Tho 10ng-owOIIed pointed out, in which unpopu• the other end where they don't He also said "unknown book undortak n as 0 JA l pro, 'In 1963. concl e hislo ry Amaunl ancla !Xl...... ••• dOwn 10 1979; Ancho r 10 JA l-JARP·s d hnlllv8 S 101 hi tory lar opinions were greeted by want to take anything ... factors" might involve him Make check payabl to 'Paciflc Ilizeo, again in politics, but h was seri s. the Nikkei audience with boos He added that there are o $ II. 00 ppd, hardcover. 35 I·pp. inde , blblio. 244 an Pedro t, Rm 506, La Angale, a 90)1 ~ non ~ Nikkei and hisses. those in the com- "not real enthusiastic." .! 14-PACIFIC CITIZEN I Friday, January 1-8, 1982 FROM HAPPY VALLEY: by Sachi Sako Toronto Nikkei backs new human rights bill By MARK SUZUKI bill because several cases have come up recently that indicate 'Love' of Humanity TORONTO-The Toronto Japanese Canadian Citizens' As• racism and discrimination continue to be real and growing sociation has decided to make a submission supporting the problems in the city. . Salt Lake City revised new Bill 7, which would add sweeping changes to the The Social Planning Council of Metro Toronto says studies Each new year, unused and untried, begins with hope. 19-year old Ontario Human Rights Code. show bias by employers against racial and ethnic minorities in It is expressed in the ritual exchange of holiday car~. The bill introduced last fall, includes amendments such as : co~tract hiring and promoting is widespread, and the situation is creat• The wishes for health and wealth and success and happI• -A compliance standard, where companies doing ing a time bomb that could create race riots similar to those that ness. There is nothing wrong with that. They are nice business with the government would be monitored for viola· rocked Britain earlier this year. wishes. And if one wants them badly enough, all are tions of the code; The council report conftrmed another study conducted a few attainable, more or less. Most of us go through life in the -Boards of inquiry that would have the power to recommend years ago by the Canadian Civil Liberties Association, which the introduction of affirmative action programs in companies showed that private employment agencies willingly complied pursuit or perfection or protection of these values. The guilty of systematic discrimination. perpetual engagement with personal kingdoms. with requests from companies to screen out non-white candi• Other changes would prohibit discrimination in employmen~ , dates from job applicants. The other night, I was sorting through the mail, sepa• accommodation and against the physically or mentally handI• The TJCCA was also told about an upsurge of racist graffiti at rating the cards. Occasionally, I paused to read a note or capped. The bill also promises faster processing of complaints the University of Toronto. The main targets were Jews and letter. That didn't require much time, since some of my by the Ontario Human Rights Commission, which will be given Chinese, but one scrawl had a close familiarity. It said : "Re• best friends are apparently illiterate. That's all right. more powers to deal with offenders. . member Hiroshima-and we'll do it again to you slant-eyed, Idly, I examined the printed messages. They were the Civil rights experts here say that the proposed bIll could be jabbering little monkeys." usual disappointing duplications. one of the most progressi ve in North America, but groups of Racist slurs and name calling also appear to be continuing in neo-conservative and right-wing lobbyists are attempting to Toronto schools, despite official efforts to stop them. "Is this all there is to life? I asked out loud. My hus• derail the bill with well-concerted attacks. A Caucasian wife of a J apaneseCanadian told how her ~year­ band happened to be in the same room. "Now, wh.at are E. Cwnmings Daverne, president of the Napanee, Ont. , P~~ne~ d~~ ~iflc.lll1 10 serve tile arehltee• TOKYO TRAVEL SERVICE in Computer Science with a lur~/enfiflffrlnl/inte f lor deslln 530 W. 6th St #429 prOIMIJOns witfi comouter !lfm· Los Angeles Japanese NO MONEY DOWN lilt , ~.n servIees. Los Angeles 90014 680-3545 4.00 GPA. Casualty Insurance Ou, "'" mllitY, sclleduled \0 Norman Atsuto Maebara 2 bdr., 2 ba, condol. Pool, spa 9PI" III micl-JatlUary, l8II2, w,1I Travel Guild mo:t~ncea Assn. Bonaventure Shopping Gallery and Gregory K. Wada were woodburning fireplace, full so• tlle symnn Level 6 / 404 S. Figueroo (90071 ) both selected to appear in the lor, Near Nordhoff/Woodman. ~nv :":'~"~~~\\yble:' COMPLETE INSURANCE PROTECTION 624· 1041 • Martha Tomoshiro, Pres , sll to m.. imite pef$Onntl 13th edition of Who's Who in Panorama City or1 10 effectiWneu. Aihara In~urance Agy. Inc. ii 250 sl St., Angeles 900 12 YAMATO TRAVEL BUREAU On•. 213/19'-5695 E. I Los Positions II~ beln, offered .n tilt 321 E 2nd St . #505 California. Maehara, of Gar• 0( 475·5040 AM. s.rv. followinc ta(J&orlis: Suile 900 626-9625 Los Angeles 90012 624-0021 dena, is the assistant director Anson T. Fujioka Insurance of Pharmacy Service at Al• Job Captains 321 E. 2nd St., Los Ange\es 90012 Orange County S yrs. mtn. uptr In. ~1S:OfY hambra Community Hospital JEEP, CARS. PICKUPS ~rty for convnereiJl , incfui. Su i'e 500 626-4394 From $35. Available at local govern men. lIltl architecture. Exec utive-Rea !tors v. and the owner of the Anzen Se• Funakoshi Ins. Agency, Inc. VICTOR A KATO auctions. Fordlrec1Ory. call 321 E. 2nd St., Los Angeles 9()012 cond Street imported gour• Surplus Data Center. (4 t 5) 330·7800 Graphics Termmal Drafter Suile 300 626-5275 InveSiments • Exchanges· Residential Comple.e Pro Shop, Restouronl. Lounge 31's. mm. ,.per. ,n COI\l ..re~ Bus. (714) B48-4343 res.(714) 962- 7447 2101 · 22nd Ave So . (206) 325·2525 met cookware and hardware WORK AT HOME , Industrial Itelritectutll drlftinl. Hirohata Ins. Agency, Inc. KINOMOTO TRAVEL SERVICE store. S t80 PER WEEK. Part·ume at home Co~ t(li"'"f wrll be provicl• 322 E. 2nd St., Los Angeles 9()012 San Diego tel by ContillenlJ Cr1p1JitL 287· 8605 628-12 14 FRANK KINOMOTO Wad a is a landscape con• Webster, Amenca s foremost dlC\Janary PAUL H . HOSHI 5075 King 51 . (206) 622-2342 company needs home workers 10 up-date " YOIJ IOOUIcI Il' to become a Inouye Insurance Agency tractor and owner of Wada local ma,ling lists. All ages. expenence un' !lfrt of tills uclt'JIl new field, Insurance Service collf~ 15029 Syhronwood Ave. necessary Call (7 16) 845-5670 eX I 3054 Send 'fOOl rtwme tol • 852-16!h S! (714) 234-0376 The Intennountain Kinsuien Landscaping, which till lnlenriew to: Norwolk, Co 90650 864-5774 Son ~ i ego 92101 res. 264- 255 1 Mom Wakasugi specializes in Japanese land• PEN PALS Duane P. Koenig Itano & Kagawa, Inc. Japanese Language Lessons Soles Rep, Row Crop Forms scaping. SANSEI, male, 2 1, currently In Ihe U.S 321 E. 2nd 51., Los Angeles 9()012 4459 Morrell St., Son Diego 92109 B1ackoby Real Eslole, RI2 8,, 658,Ontorio, Air Force statIOned In Europe Wishes to cor· Su i'e 301 624- 0758 (714) 483·3276 Both Wada and Maehara Ore 97914. (503) 881 . 1301 / 262.34 59 respond With olher Nikkei for lnendshlp. Will Ito Insurance AgenCYr Inc. received a scroll from the answer all leiters Wnle O.M Senaha. Sox The Midwest 1245 E. Wain'" 51, PasocHno 91106 Padfic Sands Motel Who 's Who Historical Society 1883" APO New York 09123. Suita1l2 • 795·70S9, 681-4411LA Pete and Shako Dingsdale, Prop. , SUGANO TRAVEL SERVICE (714) 488- 7466 acknowledging their excep• • Uovernment Kamiya Ins. Agency, Inc. 17 E Ohio St, Chicago 606 11 tional achievements. 327 E. 2nd St., Los Angeles 9()012 Ventura County (312)944·5444 784-85 17, eve. Sun David Yamada was recent• CONTINENTAL GRAPHICS Suite 224 626-8135 ly appointed to the City of Pa• CALVIN MATSUI REALTY' Washington, D.C. Chieko Data received the 101 South La Srea Avenue Sato Insurance Agency Home. & Commercial sadena Human Relations los Angeles, Ca. ~36 366 E. ht St., Los Angeles 90012 MIKE foAASAOKA ASSOCIATES Margaret Sanger Award re• 626-5861 629·1425 371 N . Mobil Ave, Suite 7, Camarillo Consultonl • • Washington Maners Committee, joining Mack Ya• cently in Washington for her (qull QpportvnotY.. .EIIIplOl'f' "V" (805) 987-5800 9O()..171h 51 NW, Washington, DC 20006 In~uranc . e service to the Planned maguchi (of the Pasadena Tsuneishi Agency Monterey Peninsula 202- 296-4484 JACL) who has been serving 327 E. 2nd 51 ., Los Anga'" 9()012 Parenthood Associaton. Hata Renew JACL Membership Suite 221 628-1 365 RANDY SATOW REALTOR who served with the Associa• the committee for some six Wada Asato Associates, Inc.. " GOLF CAPITAt OF THE WORLD' ears. 3116 W. Jaffe""'n Blvd. Pebble Bch, Carmel, Monlerey Peninsula tion for over 29 years, is the los Angeles 90018 732-6108 Ocean Fran! Homes, Condos, Investments widow of the late Harry Hata "" YOSHIO R. SATOW .;. (408) 372-6757 of Chicago. A EAGLE AT NEW LOCATION San Jose • Government Aloha Plumbing Kayo K. Kikuchi, Realtor Wallace Mitsunaga, out• W PRODUCE CO. Llc. #201875 · . Since 1922 SAN JOSE REALTY x x x X PARTS · SUPPLIES · REPAIR going president of the Hawaii [)lln ~!cJ 1I 996 Minnesola Ave., # 100 "/1<..11.", ",1(1'1,./11,. I). '"uulurs I,It 777 Junipero Serra Or. Son Jose, CA 95125-2493 STUDIO Government Employees' As• San Gabriel, Ca 91n6 (408) 275-11 11 or 296·2059 sociation, won election Dec, 2, BONDED COMMISSION MERCHANTS (213) 283-0018 TOlsuko " Totty' Kikuchi 318 Ea t First Street 1981 as a trustee of Hawaii's ---- ...... , Gen""allnsurance Broker, DBA Los Angeles, CA 90012 tate Employee Retirement WHOLESALE FRUITS AND VEGETABLE • . Kikuchi Insurance Agy. (213) 626-S681 System, defeating incumbent 996 M inneso.a Ave., #102 trustee Anita Moepono. 929-943 S. San Pedro St. Son Jose. CA 95125·2493 .• (408) 274-2622 or 296-2059 In San Diego, Naomi Kashi· CITY MARKET EDWARD T. MORIOKA, Realtor wabara r ently earned 580 N . 5th St. , Son Jose membership in the Navy Los Angeles, Ca. 90015 (408) 998· 8334/ 5 res . 371 ·0442 ~ .1'<::::;...... Ocean Systems Cent f 'S Phone: (213) 625-2101 Watsonville Blood Bank lo-Gallon Club, Inc ~ : PHOTOMART after donating his 80th pint of !UlIIllIlIlIlIlIlmlllllllllllm"'ltttIIllIttlllltHIIH I ItlHIIIIHHHHll i lll1tttHIIIIIIII/I!IIIHIlItIIIIIIH"IIHHHHH I tHH K I I I III IIII!III11 ~ :Marutama CO. - f = · . Tom Nakase Realty blood. ~ . Acreage, Ranches, Homes, Income Cameras & Photographic Supplies (,ARm: ,\ A, ENJOY Bl E J PA FS E 0 tit' 1 Y · Fi h ak Manuractur r TOM NAKASE, Realtor 316 E. 2nd St., Los Angele EQV (N B1U)IIIl-R S)1 : =. 25 CIiHord Ave. (408) 724-6477 r Poin ettia Gardens Motel Apts. Lo Ang I • (213) 622-3968 I : •••••••••••••-.! ...... ~~ •• • ~ . ... Northem Califomia 13921 S. Normandi v . Phone: 324-5883 ~ ;;;; \)W Nll' .\ N [)OI'I~A1l(. ln ~s II JET _ Oil. lAB § CA.p.r~ JAPANESE· ENGLISH MARUKYO ifi l lllllllllllllllllllllltllllllllllllllllll l lllllllllllllllllllHlIJlllllllllll l llllllllfHIIIINHNI4IIIMIIIIIIMIINH l l1IMIIIH11111M~~HIIHItlfItif. TRANSlAliON SERVICE 1791 PiedmOnl Dr , Kimono Store Across SI John 's Hasp. Concord, CA 945 19 I • \~ - ~ II ( II 2032 Santa Monica Blvd (415) 680-0564 GR~~E~C~J.~R Santa Mon ica Cali! GNewd~i Japanese Charms \' - !:I0tel & . ~ \ -..AR'f & GEORGE ISHIZUKA 828·0911 ',\ I ar e ..--·n.fcade 11 I lunch . Dlnne. • Cocktails I ] II l 'Seiko's Bees' I II Japanese Names Pollina.ion Service (Reg. #24·55) 110 S. Los Angeles We Specialize In Steamed Fish & Clams Japanese Family Crests 4967 Homes Dr ., Concord, CA 9452 1 I Los Angeles I1i:\ [ \ ,'nUllt. '1.lt~ ' It,du'" ,... 1 (415) 676·8963 I (213) 626-2285 628-4369 ~ &Jt QnbItn~ 2801 W. BALL RO . • ANAHEIM, CA 928~ • (714) 995 ... 004 \11 t tI'llhtllullt\~. , t. Irl~\' ll,," 5 Min Iran "'"MusIc w."Ca1er &.... ~ Sll.l'MBI (, A J) In:ATI G JULI (YORICH I) KOOANI SAM REIBOW Hl·llli,.kl and Hl' pa l! ' T()Y() I RINTINC, (,(1 co. \\'; lll'l I (l'alt' r " (,arhIlUl ' 1) " 1'",; 01 1506 W. Vernon A e. !(l!1 So SU Il I" !ln) " I 1.\1 .... \ I~I!I· It · ... !It)0I:1 FLlI11I1I. l " Los Angeles 295-5204 I.! I'IJ Ii:!!) 1l1!'!:1 ~I Established 1936 Servicing Los Angele • t lI, Nisei Trading 293-7000 733-0557 CHIYO'S Today's Classic Looks Appliances - TV - Furniture Japan&e lJunka NeedJ.ecraji Empir Printino CO. fromng, BunIco Km., ~" Gifts for Women & Men NfWADDRf S. • all for A~intm nl ~ ' ( O;\!\II HCI \I ,111.1 \Ol I \1 PHI 11"(, 239 S. San Pedro SL (714) 99S-2432 Phon 687 ·03R7 Los AnaeIes 90012 2943 W. Boll Rd, Anaheim, Co 92804 105 Japanese VUlage Plaza Mall (213) 624-6601 (213)617-0106 Lo Angelee 90012 114 Weller St., Los Al1gl'\t'" 9001_ 62.8 70bO .oISO E, 2nd St ., Hondo PlaIa I.ol AnqoIet, CA QOO 12 To hi OISU , Prop 16-PACIFIC CITIZEN I Friday, January 1-8:1982 Renew JACL Membership - Fresnan to lead Join the JACL U.S. auto firms lack productivity, expert says Greece-Egypt tour STANFORD, Ca.-Auto ma• ment of Transportation study cause manufacturers have the Midwest to shorten supply FRESNO, Ca. - Hubertine's Business nufacturing expert James showed Japanese car makers failed to boost productivity. lines," he·said. GM's decision Travel here has prepared a Harbour said U.S. car makers pay an average of $1,700 less Harbour based his conclu• to curtail expansion in Kansas H)-day Greece-Egypt tour in Japan? have failed because a lack of than U.S. mailUfacturers to sions on a current study com• City and Baltimore points in cruise, departing from Los ROUND TRIP FARES quality and productivity has put together comparable paring Japanese and U.S. this direction, added Har• Angeles Oct. 13 with stops in raised the factory cost of an autos. auto companies taken for the bour. The expert also feels Athens (5 days), Corinth, My• $699.00!! auto nearly $2,000 above what American auto manufac• transportation department. that U.S. makers must assure cenae, Eleusis; a 4-day cruise it costs Japanese manufac• turers are "flat out broke," He advised U.S. manufac• its workers of lifetime jobs, aboard the Stella Oceanis to Call the Experts at turers. said Harbour, who added, turers to work cooperatively and seek the suggestion of its Myconos, Kusadasi/Ephesus Japan Club Tours Harbour spoke before a con• . 'General Motors is in just as with labor and suppliers to employees on how to improve (Turkey), Patmos, Rhodes, 354 S. Spring, #401, ference on public policy issues much trouble as Chrysler." boost output, cut inventories output and quality. Workers Crete; :>-day tour of Egypt Los Angeles, in the auto industry Nov . 24, He also said the U.S. is . 'going and-most importantly-im• should also be responsible for from Cairo to the pyramids CA 90013 and he noted that his Depart- right down the sewer" be- prove quality. inspecting their own work, he and Sphinx at Giza, up the Japanese auto makers are noted. Nile Valley to Luxor and (213) 622-5091/5092 using such a cooperative aJr Thebes. Outside Cal. (800)421-9331 proach to boost productivity • Organization Detailed inform.ation and ~~~~~~~~~~~ Robbery victim flies home; by more than 10 perc;ent an• Margaret Wada of Tor• application of the Nisei-San- GREECE-EGYPT nually, he said. rance, Ca. was recently sei tour are being handled by Tour/Cruise Harbour also pointed out named Regional Training Co• Y.R. Hiraoka, Suite 1-M, 3003 ESCORTED Oct 13-28, 1982. wife in critical condition that while U.S. auto workers ordinator for the California N. Blackstone, Fresno, CA For partIculars, write V.A. HIRA· aKA, c/o HUBERTINE'S TRAV- LOS ANGELES-Kazuyoshi Miura the Japanese visitor who are paid more than the Japa• Department of Motor Vehi• 93703 or Hu be rtine's Travel, ELS, 5150 N. 6th St., #170. Fres. had been wounded along with his wife Kazuni in a robbery Nov. nese l$19 per hour vs. $12 per cles and is responsible for the attn: Y.R. Hiraoka, 5150 N. no. CA93710, or Call 18 lPC Dec.4), returned to Japan on Dec. 17 alone, leaving his hr. ), they work less in terms coordmation of training and 6th St. #170, Fresno, CA 93710. (209) 227-5882. spouse at County USC Medical Center where she remained of time (45 min. per hr. vs. 58). supervision of technical train• UMITED SPACE. unconscious, paralyzed and blind and listed in critical The differences in productivi• ers for 25 offices. The Pasa• condition. - ty is due" mostly l to) bad ma• dena native was formerly As• She had been that way since the tragic robbery and shooting nagement, " he said. sistant Manager of the DMV's OUR 1982 ESCORTED TOURS: in the downtown area in which they lost $1,200 to the assailants. Harbour also feels that GM South Lake Tahoe office. She JAPAN SPRING ADVENTURE APRIL 5th Before departing for Japan from Los Angeles International is " the worst assembler in the has been active with the Gar• GRAND EUROPEAN (17 days) JUNE 17th Airport, Miura told reporters that his flfst concern was for his U.S." putting 120 hours into dena VFW Ladies Club and is CANADIAN ROCKIES - VICTORIA (8 days) JUNE 17th wife, who is also the mother of their 13-month old child. He said the making of a typical car, a member of the Koyasan JAPAN SUMMER AOVENTURE JUNE 28th he was reluctant to return to Japan without her, since it is while Japanese builders can Buddhist Temple in Harbor EAST COAST & FOLIAGE PO days) OCT 4111 uncertain whether she will ever see, walk or talk again. produce the same car in half City. She is the wife of Bill JAPAN AUTUMN ADVENTURE OCT 15111 Miura said the U.S. Air Force will probably fly her home in a the time. Wada and the daughter of the MEXICO TOUR (9 days) OV 11111 specially equipped medical evacuation aircraft. To survive, the U.S. auto in• late Kajiro and Kotomi Ha• He added that his wounded leg was "getting better and dustry must "recentralize in maguchi of Pasadena, For lull information/brochure: better," and he should begin walking soon. He was surprised and disappointed that neither he nor his TRAVEL SERVICE wife are eligible for any type of [mandal aid to help offset their 441 O'Farrell Street (415) 474-3900 approximately $62,000 in medical bills, and 18,000 in traveling San Francisco, CA 94102 expenses. $ M2 liura, who travels frequently to the .. for his import/ x• port business. noted, "My true feelmg is that I don't want to SHORT & SMALL KEN & COMPANY come back (to Lo Angeles l. I will come back because I have clothing merchants my job to do, to support my family and my employees. But I do MEN'S APPAREL not want to come back-l will feel very uncomfortable.' Fall '81 Sport Coats & SUltsJUst arnved to sizes 34 extra·short to 42 short For good selection shop no DATE: Every Wednesday evening 11 0.' 6:30 PM 101 SF SAN PLACE: 1735 North First Street JOSE . \Z\tChen Suite 110 San Jose, California 95112 I(EIf' co N\se\ ',bOO\( '-.,.. Hamilton A ... e C~" 17 S.n1. O.'ryI CAMPBELL Crul Seating is limited. Ot Ken U~a owner $7 postpaid Please call for (408) 374·1466 from Bill Ryba reservations or GIVENCHY/LANVIN 785 W. Hamilton Ave .. Campbell 1404 Virginia Drive further information: ST RAPHAEL St. Louis, Mo. 63011 408/295-0156 DELIGHTFUL . <8> eafood treat National Commodities Traders USA, Inc. There are times A ~ulls'dlar 01 Inc Asah, Enl rp"~ Group "'''oJ S largosl Jap"fI st! CommcxJlIl S lulures tiro crs DELICIOU and when care o ea y to prepar means ~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ MRS. FRIDAY'S Gourmet Breaded Shrimps everything GRAY HAIR and Fish Fillets One VISit convenl ~nce IS a parr of carrng aC d GRADUALLY difficult (fme Thal s why Rose Hills offers cl modern VANISHES! ilver he k make' gray morruary. a convenlenL halT young ugaln - Sf! r Ily flower shop all In on and eusily. he leading formula fnr m nand peaceful and qUiet selling. women in 26 countries Dignity, undc>rslandlng, ilverchcck i ~ a~ \lmple { UM: a~ him toni . Lea es consider allan and car A Ros Hills tr adllion you wllh natural looking for more (han two decades nd $4.95 for one 4oz. Silvercheck ream or Liquid, $8.95 for So much more ... costs no more two. Add $1.50 postage 313 Vi ~ {u de aile and handling. Mill Valley, ()4 41 .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ROSE SUvcr'Cho.'Ck, I .pt. 606 • JI.' Vb1l1 00 "lie. 1111 u1Icy, ' \ ... ,..... , fl· ' I ll\!USc s 'nd III • 111<1 pi III wnlpPI.!I' bottles of :-.ilvcl 'heck rerun I ), LJqulIJ l]. / UlIUl.m>talld $I/U rellt"k IS so/u \\111/1 ,1/1 HILLS 1/I~(}/uJlIlVllal l1Iollcylxlt'k 8"0rtlllll.' '. l whll.:h induu s $1.50 fur' poslllf(l' LUld hunUhnl(. MORT ~RY 'harg ' tu my LJ Vbi\.lJ M ~ rEl{t'IIi\1 l~F aru F 'P DElle at Rose Hills Memorial Park tlllUIli/lml'lm