Stanton by Bridge Conservation Area
Character Statement
2013 CONSULTATION DRAFT
SOUTH DERBYSHIRE DISTRICT COUNCIL LullingtonStanton Conservation by Bridge ConservationArea Character Area Statement Character Statement
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Contents Contents ea Analysis Conservation Area Views Approaches Details Building Materials and Historic Buildings Historic Development
Appendix Distinctive architectural details Conservation Area Map Loss and Damage Area of Archaeological Potential Area of Archaeological Potential Conservation Ar Introduction Summary Stanton by Bridge Stanton Stanton byLullington Bridge Conservation Conservation Area Area Character Character Statement Statement Stanton byBridge the nearestbeingatBurton. Swarkestone Bridge wasthen the only bridge tocrosstheTrentforsome10milesorso, terminated atthefootofrocky Millstone Gritoutcrop onwhichStantonsits. massive 14thcentury Causeway(picturedbe Stanton-by-Bridge enabled abridge tobe constructed in medieval times.This withits Derbyshire borderingthefloodplainofTrent.Shallows intheRiver Trentnorth of established arounditschurchandwasoneof Ithadastrategicridge-linelocation first Stanton-by-Bridge evolvedoveralongperiod. Summary Council on13thJuly1978. The Stanton byBridge Conservation AreawasdesignatedbySouthDerbyshireDistrict judgements onthemerits of enhancement. Thisdocumentwillbeused assesses thedegreeofdamage that makesthecharacterandappearanceofStantonbyBridgeworthy South Derbyshire DistrictCouncil.It sets outth This statement hasbeenproduced Introduction Conservation Area Conservation
developmentapplications. to thatspecialinterestand byMelMorris Conservation 1 by the Council when severalAnglo-Saxonsettlements in South low), constructedacross thefloodplain, e specialhistoric andarchitecturalinterest thus opportunitiesforfuture
for, and in associationwith, making professional protection.Italso
LullingtonStanton Conservation by Bridge ConservationArea Character Area Statement Character Statement upted by buildings, settlement, its ruralsettlement, cottages that sprung up shortly cottages that sprung two concentrations of activity and and of activity two concentrations dividual buildings, where earlier buildings buildings buildings, where earlier dividual unt of quarrying, which shaped the local shaped the local which unt of quarrying, h wide verges interr gently undulating land. Spaces fluctuate Although only a small Although The different phases of development are are The different phases of development fortunately the original street pattern has fortunately the original street it was a conventional agricultural community agricultural community it was a conventional om the 1960s on, the village has doubled in om the 1960s on, new building materials introduced. This has has introduced. This building materials new nton is surrounded by small gritstone quarries, by small nton is surrounded ory of use from the Anglo-Saxon period ory of use from the Anglo-Saxon sidential use, with mixed success sidential use, 2 by Bridge can be summarised as follows: as follows: by Bridge can be summarised century, Stanton was divided between the Burdett between divided Stanton was century, th and provide visual interest locally available materials. materials. locally available century farmsteads and workers farmsteads century th century until the 20 century until the th and early 19 th a small rural settlement with a long hist a small rural settlement with a long ones. later into incorporated have been street frontages are fluid and organic, wit shapes, assisted by the creating flowing (greens) and enclosed private courtyards and gardens, between open public spaces providing plenty of movement along the street a linear development with, at either end, either at a linear development with, The Hills stone quarries, both heavily planted and development around the Church with trees within in a variety of building phases evident brick undisguised in stone and even though in the historic street-scene, old agricultural buildings are prominent to re been converted many have now afterwards, using a simple palette of afterwards, using but fr was little development, After this there and many development housing size with infill stock, but diluted the quality of the building largely survived. Stanton The distinctive characteristics of and Harpur estates. Apart from the quarrying, Apart and Harpur estates. This is evident in the activity resulting from enclosure in 1766. building with a burst of mainly 18 principal route, being known as Stanton iuxta as Stanton iuxta route, being known principal this with identified Stanton was Inevitably, end. Bridge Stanton by Swarkestone potem and economy was supplemented by a substantial amo by a substantial was supplemented economy side of the Trent. on the south commodity stone being a valuable building 17 From the early topography. Although not at first evident, Sta at first evident, Although not topography. Stanton byLullington Bridge Conservation Conservation Area Area Character Character Statement Statement evidence is largelylosttomodern development. the church arepreservedinthe present boundaries, butthe Some vestiges oftheold patternofenclosures tothenorthof plain ithasbeendestroyed by20 the church toSt.Brides, butwhere itmeetstheTrentflood route ispartlypreserved inafootpath,whichruns southfrom distance fromthepresentmainthoroughfareof thevillage.This the church, andthismayexplainwhythechurch is some old north-southrouterunningfrom an earlymethodofinsertingquoinsinstonewalls. Therewas an Anglo-Saxon occupation, incorpor The ChurchofSt. Michaelprovides physicalevidence of Historic Development Conservation AreaAnalysis conservation area. an areaofarchaeologicalpotentialneednot Over the centuries, assettlem below ground. evidencerelatingtothemediev archaeological potential Within theareaofarchaeological post-medieval periods. the probableextentofsettlementandindustrialactivityduringmedievaland/or non-statutory siteinformationfromtheDerb Scheduled AncientMonumentsandRegisteredHi potentialmayencomp An areaofarchaeological Record OfficeratDerbyshire County Council. theSitesandMonuments theDevelopmentControlArchaeologist and Archaeologist, out aspartoftherevieweachconser documentaryandplan-formevidence archaeological, -Tothe west ofthe Church potentialhasbeen An areaofarchaeological -Atthejunction ofInglebyRoadand Hills Lane -AtthejunctionofInglebyRoadandDerby Area ofArchaeologicalPotential large expansesofgrassformthreeprincipalopenstructuralspaces: common useofrubblegritstoneforboundarywalls village between Hills Lane andtheChurchTheOld Rectory strengthen itshistoricsemi-ruralcharacter, open fields incorporatingridge-and-furrow between parts ofthe settlement ents growanddevelop,their th centurygravelextraction. ating “long-and-shortwork”, theTrentriver crossingto 3 vation areainconsultation with the County definedthroughanassessmentoftheknown necessarily coincide with the boundaryofthe yshire Sites and MonumentsRecord. It shows al and/orpostmedievalperiods maysurvive there maybereasonableexpectationthat ass bothstatutorydesignations(including enabling longviewsin thecentreof storic ParksandGardens)other ofthe settlement. Ithasbeencarried focus mayshift.Consequently, ‘long-and-short’ work ‘long-and-short’ Church - detail of -detail Church LullingtonStanton Conservation by Bridge ConservationArea Character Area Statement Character Statement
th century century century, century, th th rbyshire to the southrbyshire e village, the buildings e village, the buildings agreement in 1766. In the Manor were split the Manor onomic way for estates r. The pattern of ownershipr. The pattern of ill follows the medieval street centuries the choice of brick for the the for of brick choice the centuries th in rows originally of two or more, e.g. kestone Bridge most clearly highlights its its most clearly highlights kestone Bridge ted into medieval crofts. These long thin thin These long crofts. ted into medieval n the main street (Ingleby Road) and the n the main street (Ingleby Road) gs here were later cleared away and not away and gs here were later cleared rear walls was often one of polite taste, as was often one rear walls enclosed by private estone. In the case of Stanton-by-Bridge, development of the village and its current of the village development In 1602 half of the land passed to Robert Robert passed to half of the land In 1602 cottages on the road frontage were either cottages on the road frontage a loosely knit linear pattern. This northern northern pattern. This linear a loosely knit passed to Richard Harpur. In practice, this this practice, Harpur. In to Richard passed are generally clustered upon the ridgeline are cupier of the property on the main street property on the main cupier of the east and west end of th ents encountered in De ents encountered in The 2½ and 3-storey estate farmhouses still farmhouses still estate 3-storey The 2½ and s were generally removed, as the two estates two estates as the removed, s were generally and 19 s of smaller stone buildings in the gable-ends in the buildings s of smaller stone sing. These farms were supplemented by a were supplemented by a sing. These farms workers or removed. There is a noticeable noticeable or removed. There is a workers was a practical and ec having been demolished since 1608. There is been demolished since 1608. There is having the state it had reached by the end of the 18 had the state it th the village labourers were swallowed up by the up the village labourers were swallowed The farms expanded with improved agricultural improved with farms expanded The 4 the south of the road in the early 17 road in south of the the century the lands forming century th century. century. th all amount owned by the Recto all amount owned d by modern housing, but it st century, with housing infill of the 20 of the century, with housing infill The approach into Stanton-by-Bridge from Swar Approaches Approaches strategic importance as one of the first settlem first one of the as strategic importance buildings plain. The flood valley of the Trent between two branches of the Francis family. of the Francis two branches between half later the other and a few years Burdett the same until the 20 more-or-less of 1608. This remained appears on a plan off the farms and land. to sell started estates when the smaller cottage the that this meant In practice, landholdings. their were able to consolidate quite large and impo practices and became village. dominate the at the main nodes of activity two the Between reserved for side and stone with front elevation brick was much more fashionable than rubbl coincidental. It more often was however, this buildings in a from earlier survived happened that the rubblestone so it just to build, where The estate cottages appear convenient location. (formerly four – called Plumtree Cottages (formerly three) and Nos. 1-3 Ingleby Road Stone Row). The form of the village today largely reflects appearance. Most particularly, in the 15 Most particularly, appearance. estates two the between the village throughout split evenly fairly the land was meant that with a sm (Burdett and Harpur), and quarry workers cottages. handful of estate frontage. meadows were The open fields, commons and Land ownership patterns have influenced the have influenced patterns Land ownership are spread out along the connecting road, in are spread out along the connecting side of the street is dominate to pattern. There were some buildings buildin The are now open fields). (where there of the east front to and from the the views of improving interests in the replaced, probably belonged. Rectory, to which this land the land betwee The 1608 plan also shows that by the oc parcels of land were each farmed of meant that the smallholdings practice this brook at the bottom of the hill was still separa brook at the bottom of the hill smaller The expanded. larger farms, as they estate by enlarged for multiple occupation scarcity of small cottages in the village, many remain the village of the evidence throughout of larger cottages and houses. During the 18 Stanton byLullington Bridge Conservation Conservation Area Area Character Character Statement Statement church, but thereareno visi sheltered valley wherethelate19 naturalise. Totheeastlandfalls awaygraduallytoa the late 16 ground withinTheHillsquarry.Apparentlyworked outin over-shadowed onitswestsi The southern approachintothevillagefromMelbourneis space. was plantedin1897and dominatesthecentralgreen Ingleby Road. Here,a largeoakisamajorlandmark.It up tothemainentryinto thecausewayinasteepcurvevillage. Theroadrisesfrom Millstone Grit, oneofseveralformerquarriesinthe viewpoint asitishidden by The eastern partofthevillagecannot beseen fromthis preserved as alongearthworkbound and typical traditionalbuilding local building detailsisintricat appearance ofStanton. Therangeofmaterial Local geologyandavailability ofbuilding Building MaterialsandDetails Stanton-by-Bridge oncehadaManorHouse,on an There isno pavement,suggestingthatithas little traffic. Asthefarm namesuggests, on theupside ofwhich isthechurchyard,and where thefarmbuildings surroundenclosedyards.Thisside ofthe village hasalargegreen, seems relativelyexposed,with the converted farmbuildingsofTheOldRectory.ManorFarmisquiteopentoviewand the firstbuildings encounteredarethefarm settlement, whichdeveloped aroundthe church. the roaddrops downanincline into theearliest partofthe Approaching Stanton-by-Bridge are beddedintothelandscape. View of earthworks from The Causeway Causeway fromThe View ofearthworks th century, the quarrywas ble tracesofitleft. atree-coveredoutcropof de by thetrees andhigher ely linkedwith localidentity. cartsheds facingthestreet,un village, atits junction with details encountered within the conservationarea, andis from Inglebytothewest, th centuryWaterworks abandoned andleftto ary bank,visiblein lowsunlight. 5 buildings serving theworkingManorFarmand materials directlyinfluenced theformand parallel with InglebyRoad, canstillbeseen back laneatthebottom ofthehilland removed, but traces of Stanton’s former of theformerboundarieshavebeen appearance isvery differenttodayasmany gathered fromfieldclearance.The brook, probablysubdividedbystone walls running fromthemainstreetdown to a once definedbynarrow plotsofland the fields to thenorth.Thisopenareawas down thehillside intheforegroundacross modern housingandancillaryfarmbuildings the village. Thereis some encroachmentof rising uptothechurch onthewestsideof s andtheway in which theywereused in on thedownsideofwhichis ManorFarm. Here the villageis informal incharacter, as adjacentsite to th The appendix lists thespecial like otherpartsofthevillage, landmark Oak tree Oak landmark Village Green with Village e north,oppositethe LullingtonStanton Conservation by Bridge ConservationArea Character Area Statement Character Statement century outcrop at th century (which was built was (which century th estone buildings do not have estone buildings do Detail ofboundary wall on Ingleby Lane ve been replaced in brick at a later date. brick at a ve been replaced in d this is a distinctive local characteristic. a distinctive local characteristic. is d this Main Street - rubblestone and brick all plantation - which had ceased working all plantation - which had ceased
surviving in Stanton-by-Bridge, it is likely Stanton-by-Bridge, it is surviving in snapshot of the local vernacular details. of the local vernacular snapshot th Old Quarry at Bridgefoot, the other at the Old Quarry at Bridgefoot, the the quarrying activity took place around the the quarrying activity took place probably changed as requirements for bulk probably changed as requirements n), the emphasis of the settlement gradually gradually of the settlement emphasis the n), of 1608. It has numerous hollows and humps, of 1608. It has numerous hollows oil and how much is the natural contour of the oil and how much is the natural 6 e east of The Hills (a small 19 (a e east of The Hills to the west of the church (outside the settlement), two two settlement), the (outside the west of the church to d the communication network. communication network. the d ton and Melbourne sit on ton and Melbourne e main building material. This stone can be very coarse in texture (sometimes containing pebbles and large granules of sand) an area is now largely wooded. land, worked away. The seven-acre There were three small quarries (one the further quarries near the Causeway th two to rear of The Hollow) and – now a sm Stanton Barns and a medieval quarry the main views into the village. from by 1513). These are well-hidden of quarries within the The presence meant that 16th century village in the stone, there was plenty of building although very few buildings appear to have been built from coursed ashlar. Most of the earliest surviving the earliest parts buildings, including of the church, were built from rubblestone and this was almost universally used for properties and within the village field boundaries until the 18th century, when brick took over as th walls. Even the rubbl There are a wide range of sizes built into quoins; most corners ha worked stone well-defined are no timber-framed buildings Although there but is difficult to tell today how much is sp how much is today to tell but is difficult century, ashlar was being used as the main walling being used as the main walling was century, ashlar stone for the north aisle of the church. 14 in the causeway After the construction of the Swarkestone at Stanto from gritstone, probably quarried proportion of shifted over to the east. A large the focus east side of the settlement and transportation of stone dictate a plan as a quarry on is identified The Hills is of Stanton sits on which The geology both as it has shaped interest locally considerable economic development and the the topography Stan of the settlement. outcrop of Millstone Grit in the southernmost is an Old English wordDerbyshire. Stanton is farm or village”. Although this meaning “stony area, numerous smallonly a small geographical up, which supplied the quarries sprang Many of building stone. with surrounding area 13 By the medieval origins. have these quarries supplemented by photographs, which provides a a which provides by photographs, supplemented Stanton byLullington Bridge Conservation Conservation Area Area Character Character Statement Statement of slate,althoughWelsh slate into theareaafterTrent andMerseycana Staffordshire blueclaytiles predominateonth exception in dressedstone. properties. Thereis theodd even onthemoresubstantial cills, which wereusually omitted The samevarietydoes notapplyto Farmhouse). Farmhouse andGrange bricks withaflattop(usedatPoplars was thecamberedarchofrubbed most technically difficult toconstruct building detailsintheappendix). The ashlar lintels(seephotographsof lintels, plain andwedge-shapedstone segmental brickarches,gauged window aperturetreatments, with easily identifiable differences arein thechoice obvious totheeyeandlimitedpaletteof Even thoughtwoestatesownedmostofth which is acharacteristicoftheHarpur and machinery.Theywerealsoused forth century, withroundedcorners,inareasexpo rubblestone walls.Mouldedbrickswereincorp on DerbyRoad,incorporates½bricksegmenta in theearly19thcentury, inco cottages, asdressedstone wasmoreexpensive. and windowsurroundsinrubblestoneconstru Ticknall, whichprovided them with areliableso estates bothhadbrickworksinnearby 18th century.TheBurdettandHarpur Bricks were morereadilyavailableinthe from amorenortherlypartofDerbyshire. 1830), forexample,wasprobablyacquired sandstone usedatHighStanding(circa materials wouldhaveincreased. The transport in the 19 the building. With the improvement of ashlar orbrick,accordingtothestatusof displaced by eithermore refinedcoursed built from rubblegritstone,thesewere Whilst theearliestsurvivingbuildings were survive, mosthavebeenre-roofed. century buildings,whichappearonthemap programme, evident inthe18th century. Thereis at nearbyIngleby.Thiswasreplacedbybr that the rubblestone was combined with timber th centurytherange of rporates brick for the segmental brick heads. Rose Cottage heads.RoseCottage brick segmental forthe brick rporates was alsoreadilyavailable foll -Crewe estate,alsofound atTicknall. 7 e brickchimneystacks atPlumtree Cottages, materialshasgenerateduniformity.Theonly ofchimneypots.Therearea largevariety of of 1608.Where remnantsofthesebuildings l wasopenedin1777.There isverylittleuse sed togreatestpotential wear fromanimals ick constructioninanextensiverebuilding e village,thedifferentownershipsarenot e roofsofthevillage, being easily imported urce. Theywereoftenthechoiceforlintels -framed construction,suchascanbefound Thebrick-built RetreatonHillsLane, built orated onagriculturalbuildingsinthe19th l archesforthelintels incombinationwith ction, particularly forthesmallworkers very little dateable evidence ofthe 17th High Standing,DerbyRoad owing the constructionofthe LullingtonStanton Conservation by Bridge ConservationArea Character Area Statement Character Statement
th th red clay copings, lls, finished with roughly lls, finished with roughly are at Hollyhocks and Poplars and are at Hollyhocks The Old Rectory entrance century on they tended to replace the the to replace on they tended century th 8 sandstone surface, as it was as it was surface, sandstone le wear, and this surface has le wear, and this surface has rally historically reserved for reserved for rally historically fence. Even the hedge field the main street contain the the defined by stone boundary wa defined by stone h the only surviving examples surviving examples h the only contrast, was much Red clay tiles survive at Poplars Farm (left) and Hollyhocks (right) Standing and the Waterworks). Blue clay clay Blue and the Waterworks). as High Standing such (with the odd exception century late 18 and from the durable extremely tiles are interruption in brick wi occasional the with dressed flat stone copings, hedge or picket holly and privet boundaries to the south side of remnants of the walls, possibly remains of earlier stone side of the road. The on this previous house enclosures were gene walls tallest boundary Farm and The Old gardens, i.e. at Hollies walled kitchen from prying eyes and the produce they hid Rectory, where stored warmth for the fruit. incorporating some north-south, The footpath network runs The path between the old of the best views of the quarries. (pictured Causeway and the village end of the quarry at the right) was bound with a pitched probably subjected to considerab become exposed in places. Historic Buildings There are 4 principal farms in the village. They are very substantial buildings, of 2½ the wealth of and 3-storeys, illustrating a but they were owners, their aristocratic in sits nevertheless worked by tenant farmers. It The Old Rectory, in Rector. the grander in design and proportion, with of the grandest entrance of all, reflecting the status higher mature garden with a large walled kitchen open fields to the garden and faces the east. Boundaries are almost entirely local red clay tiles, of whic clay tiles, of local red Farmhouse. canal. This is a noticeable absence, indicative that there was little development in the 19 development little there was that absence, indicative a noticeable is canal. This Stanton byLullington Bridge Conservation Conservation Area Area Character Character Statement Statement the late 18 from followed shortlyafterwardsanddate estate), and PoplarsFarm(Harpurestate) stack. ManorFarm,HolliesFarm(Burdett bands ofbrickworkandacentralchimney century construction, incorporatingraised often replaced weakstonecorners. along theeavesabove the rubblestonewall. Widespread re-roofing has takenplaceincorporating dentilledandsaw-toothed brickwork occasionally instone,but more Over the years,rather thanrebuild these Many ofthefarmbuildings in Stanton-by-Bridge started offlifeas smallerstone buildings. Melbourne in1787-91. were erectedbythetenant,JohnEarp,sh Melbourne HallEstatein1735,includingStant King's Newton Hall. TheHardinge estate in the parishofMelbourne,wasoriginallyasm agricultural use,althoughmosthavebeenconverted toresidential use. Thisfarmstead,in Hollow FarmandStantonBarnssurvivein part. now disappearedapartfromoneoutbuilding,muchalteredandusedasadwelling. remains ofanotherearlierstonebuilding.The farms,anditiscl status ofthefourlarge toQuarryHillFarm,althoughthisneverappearshavehadthe was oncethe farmhouse which theyserved.There werealsofour There areafewestateworkerscottages,allof of buildings. hidden fromtheroadbehindlonglowranges or “foldyards”,withmost farmsteads weredesigned aroundcourtyards also incorporatedentilledbrickeaves.The the earliestfarmhouse–ofearlytomid18 (formerly IvyHouseFarm –Harpurestate)is and early19 short periodbetweenthemid18 The fourmainfarmswereestablishedovera th tothe early 19 th century.GrangeFarmhouse The Old Rectory (left) and the kitchen garden wall (right) (right) wall garden the kitchen and (left) Rectory Old The ofthe activities th century. They often thannot in brick inthe 18 th century small farms.Thepropertyknown asHollyhocks, 9 ear thatthefarmhouse wasrebuiltfrom the th
theparish ofMelbourne wassoldto the all onebelonging tothe Hardingefamilyof ortly aftertheParliamentaryenclosure of Moulded brickswithrounded corners have farm knownas Hill Top, nearTheHills, has a much smaller scale than the farmhouses, amuchsmallerscalethanthefarmhouses, from scratch,theyhave beenextended, on Barn.Manythere ofthefarmbuildings Stanton Barnstillretainssomebuildingsin Grange Farmhouse Grange Farmhouse th and19 th centuries. LullingtonStanton Conservation by Bridge ConservationArea Character Area Statement Character Statement on each plot. Each were no attempts to attempts to were no ent than the church. This was designed to to designed was This church. the ent than conservation area map included in this in conservation area map included re specific views that are likely to impress to impress likely re specific views that are very clearly how the practical application of of application how the practical very clearly cing east. The Scots Pine planting for The y-Bridge face the road frontage, space not y-Bridge face the there are important views across the fields large landholdings has dictated the shape of has dictated the shape large landholdings with small front gardens the west, the road bends to the left and the left the west, the road bends to the generally set back from the brow of the hill set back from the brow generally y coursed rubble. There rubble. There y coursed e north and the Trent valley, with glimpses of glimpses with e north and the Trent valley, west. From the brow of the hill, looking west, west, hill, looking From the brow of the west. e Old Rectory and Poplars Farm. Running alonge Old Rectory and Poplars Farm. d Stanton House). The Old Granary to Poplars Old The d Stanton House). the more built-up medieval settlements. settlements. medieval more built-up the 10 ss their roofs to the valley beyond. to the valley beyond. ss their roofs Views along Ingleby Road visitor’s experience of the conservation area. Some of the area. Some conservation the of experience visitor’s From the bottom of the hill along Ingleby Road hill along Ingleby of the From the bottom Views and more views, both close-range of changing area has a multitude Every conservation This comprehensively in a document of this scope. expansive, too numerous to cover general and mo section describes a selection of a themselves most strongly in in the are included referred to viewpoints document. looking to From the east end of Ingleby Road from the road houses on the right are set back up opening it, gradually parallel with than the road rather house is set on a slight angle to east to progressing from the street frontage, th church, to the views down there are long to th are occasional views there Ingleby Road modern backland bungalow development much of the beyond Derby. Although the hills along Ingleby these are Road is out-of-place, acro clear uninterrupted and there are now more promin is Rectory, which to The Old look out across the fields, its front elevation fa The barn conversion called Millhouse illustrates illustrates Millhouse conversion called The barn available materials for farm buildings influenced their form and appearance. their buildings influenced materials for farm available earliest The by the roughl building is represented phase of gave way to brick. buildings as stone the of the development disguise of farms and ownership In some cases estate a creating line, to a building any adherence road, without the into Farm projects pinch-point. buildings within Stanton-b Most of the historic tight-built the of any, ever was ft, if there le evidence no there being and premium being at a characteristic of gable-fronted development the enclosure, which has created fluid development, sometimes incorporating buildings on incorporating sometimes development, created fluid has which the enclosure, (Old Barn House an the road both sides of Stanton byLullington Bridge Conservation Conservation Area Area Character Character Statement Statement emphasise itsagriculturalconnections. Rectory and thecentre ofthevillageandDe further encroachment. Thelong exchangesofview andopenspaces between TheOld From the north, the rural settingof the village is very important, although vulnerable to status. taken overviews ofthe church cottage during the20 Most ofthe smallestterraced estate cottage at sometime inthefuture. horizontal slidingsash windows to be reinstated provides evidenceforth intheearly20 photographed Cottages andRosedenewereboth Yew Tree Cottage,IvyCottage). Plumtree hidden modern“catnic”lintel(TheGrange, soldier course, indicating the presence ofa segmental bricklintels have beenrebuiltinaflat in buildings thatarenotlistedwillbe lost.Some there isariskthatthehistoricwindow pattern joinery inthehousessettlement, and There hasbeenalossofhistoricwindow historic characterofthis surface varietyofoldbrickwork atbothManorFarmandTheLindens hasweakenedthe alteration thathasoccurred istherendering has notlostchimneys and chimney pots,which historic windowanddoordesigns,althoughth Generally speaking thelossofbuildingdetails Loss ofbuildingdetails mistakes in thefuture. planning authoritytoreverse some ofthe this character.Itishoped thatidentifying village hassufferedalterations orlossesthateith In definingthecharacter oftheconservationar so farasthiscouldbeachievedby 1978. Thedesignationwasputinplaceasasa undesirable changesdescribed below predateth reflects and strengthens their special chara should beprevented, but ratherthat settleme accelerated changefollowingtheSecondWorld acknowledgement oftheneedto conservethe“cherished localscene”inthefaceof The concept ofconservationareaswasintroduc Loss andDamage Old Rectoryextends alongwaydown thestreet, andsomeofthe19 th century. This hassometimesled totheloss ofthehistoric estate western partofthevillage. e characteristiclocal th century andthis , which has only asmallbell-coteandhas lostits landmark theneedforplanningpermission. these willhelp householders, designersandthe 11 rby RoadandStantonBarnsproviderelief damaging alterations andtoavoidthesame damaging alterations feguard against further harmfuldevelopment, s havebeenamalgamated withanadjoining cter. AtStanton byBridge, someofthe is hasbeenquitecomprehensive.Thevillage nts shoulddevelopovertimein awaythat ea wecanalsoidenti inStanton-by-Bridgehas beenlimited to of brickwork. Theloss ofthepatina and War. Itwasnotintended thatdevelopment survive substantially intact. Onedisfiguring er individuallyorcumulativelyhavediluted ed bytheCivic AmenitiesAct1967, asan e designationoftheconservationareain Plumtree Cottages, Ingleby Road Ingleby Cottages, Plumtree fy instances where the th centuryplantinghas LullingtonStanton Conservation by Bridge ConservationArea Character Area Statement Character Statement not always, as for not always, by Road), which has has which Road), by century and this has been and this has century arance, which is particularly is arance, which th century. There are few opportunities few are There century. th View from Ingleby Lane across to the Trent instances of unsympathetic development, instances of unsympathetic development, Church Close were built from pink/buff Church Close were built from identity. In some cases the front doors of front the some cases In identity. retained been have properties individual the but in the conversion, terrace of four the the case of in instance (1 and 3 Ingle cottages identity. estate distinct lost its new introduced have Barn conversions not village but have the into window styles of the paraphernalia retained much agricultural farmsteads; associated with doors, externally or taking-in shutters ventilation holes opening stable-doors, (breathers), and large threshing barn doors. (breathers), and have been “borrowed” successfully from have been “borrowed” successfully dominating the settlement and of the 84 dominating the settlement and
th 12 century th compromising the character of the village and creating an and creating village character of the compromising the this row has a regimented appe regimented this row has a the remaining views Rosedene, Ingleby Road Rosedene, Ingleby infill and backland development has clogged infill and backland the more open character of this side of the The retention of street. is, therefore, important to maintain the wider village and its the connection between valley context. Loss of agricultural identity character and of agricultural buildings forAlthough there has been an on-going tradition of conversion century development without detriment to detriment without century development the overall street pattern. However, there street in the main are now few views from the village looking north down to the brook and Trent valley beyond, as 20 properties within the village, 43 were built in the 20 the built in were the village, 43 properties within New development the 20 place throughout New “infill” development has taken in danger of extensive. New development is settlement. character of the irregular alien to the and details materials In other instances local extended dwellings are on a much bigger scale than the historic cottages but the new or are squeezed onto small plots. buildings they emulate and some line, the defined building Without a strongly 20 village has sustained considerable for further development without without for further development are many and old. There imbalance between new in the form of bungalows alien form) and rendered buildings (a new material), and the (an is widespread. tiles interlocking use of concrete forming The semi-detached council houses and finish brickwork. In colour Stanton byLullington Bridge Conservation Conservation Area Area Character Character Statement Statement farmsteads (4and6HolliesFarmClose,Quarry HillBarn,Sandstones,SwallowBarn). been donebythenewdetachedhousesandlarge-scalereconstructionwithin the relationshipbetweenfarmhouseandsubsidia have not;QuarryHillFarmandPoplarsha retaining the character ofthefarmstead andthe identity of individual farmbuildings,others fields andformer quarries.Whilstsomeconver at thebackofeachhistoricfarmstead,pushi adapted andconvertedfarmbuildingsbutbuilt Other farmshavediversified, the onlyworkingfarmleft. (Manor Farm),althoughitisnot buildings inagricultural use that retainsitshistoricfarm There isonly onefarmstead identity. provides the maincluetoits a casualobserver.Thename historic threshingbarnis lostto Ingleby Road asaformer on thecornerofHillsLane and the identity oftheOld Barn House on settlement. For example, the impact semi-rural characterofthe an have many years,thishasstarted to 13 ng backthe edge ofthe settlement into the newpurpose-builtDutchor“Atcost”barns ve lost thisimportant historic identity and Old Barn House, Ingleby Lane Ingleby Old BarnHouse, ry buildings isblurred.Mostdamage has sion schemes havebeensuccessfulin This map is reproduced from Ordnance Survey material with the permission of Ordnance Survey on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty's Stationery Oce Crown copyright. Unauthorised reproduction infringes Crown copyright and may lead to prosecution or civil proceedings. South Derbyshire District Council. LA 100019461.2010 Are special architectural orhistoric charac Oth Listed buildings Sch Arc Pri Open spaces Pro Con
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A D A514 Con Sta na Des ig nto serv ted n by Bridge ati :13thJul y 1978 on A rea Appendix
Distinctive Architectural Details
STANTON BY BRIDGE
Checklist of details
The details in this appendix illustrate those building elements that help to define Stanton by Bridge’s particular character. These may be common everyday vernacular details found repeatedly throughout the conservation area or may be more exceptional, consciously designed features.
This appendix may prove useful in providing inspiration for new development, whether traditional or contemporary, if used with care. Paradoxically, the outstanding architectural details of a conservation area may not be the ones that are most typical of the area. They often belong to the important key buildings of a village and may look out of place on smaller buildings in subordinate locations. The majority of buildings in the conservation areas of South Derbyshire are plainly and simply detailed.
Boundary treatments • Pink rubble gritstone boundary walls with squared rubble copings • Red brick walls with triangular moulded red brick copings
Chimney stacks and pots • Buff-coloured square spiked pattern and short red clay chimney pots • Red brick stacks with rounded moulded bricks
Lintels and cills • Segmental brick arches • Gauged brick lintels • Stone wedge lintels and squared stone lintels • Plain brickwork without masonry cills
Roof types and details • Hipped roofs • Raised coped brick gables • Pitched roofs with plain close verge • Pitched roof with decorative bargeboards (Village Hall)
Walls • Dentilled and “sawtooth” eaves brickwork • Combinations of brick and rubblestone • Ventilation holes (blocked)
Windows • Casement windows - multi-paned and diamond lattice cast iron • Sash windows • Horizontally sliding sashes (Yorkshire sashes)
Historic paving • Millstone Grit pitching with gritstone kerb
BOUNDARY TREATMENTS Walls and copings
Stone boundary walls (above, left and right) - pink rubble gritstone incorporating large boulders and the natural outcrops of gritstone within the wall. Copings of squared rubble, laid flat.
Brick walls (left and right) in red brick with triangular moulded red clay copings.
Gates Far left - early 20th century wrought iron gates and lantern holder
Left - unusual wrought iron gates incorporating a cast flower motif at each joint CHIMNEY STACKS AND POTS
Above - brick chimney stacks with several oversailing courses. The buff square clay pots with the spiked tops were introduced by the Burdett estate at Hollies Farm (above right). Rounded moulded bricks were used by the Harpur-Crewe estate at Plumtree Cottages (right). The same detail occurs in Ticknall.
Above - the Harpur-Crewe estate used short red clay pots for Plumtree Cottages (above) and the same pots were used by the Burdett estate for Stone Row (above left and detail left). WINDOWS - Lintels and cills
Above - in the 18th century, where wealth permitted in the finer houses, “hand-rubbed” bricks or “gauged” bricks were used. The result was a precise, thinly-jointed, wedge-shaped lintel. These bricks were sandwiched together using lime putty, such as the cambered arch (above). By the first half of the 19th century, the Where economy was important, lintels were simpler use of stone was much more in form - a segmental arch formed by a course of widespread, partly due to “stretcher and header” bricks (below). improvements in the transportation of heavy goods (by canal and later rail). Wedge-shaped stone lintels echoed the wedge form of the gauged brick lintel (above).
Many of the smaller cottages had no cill (left). Only a handful of the grandest buildings and mid-late 19th century buildings had stone cills (above). ROOF TYPES AND DETAILS
Above left - hipped roof in Staffordshire blue clay tiles with bonnet tiles to the hips
Above right - pitched roof with corbelled brick verge
Below left - pitched roof with raised coped brick gable
Below right - pitched roof in Staffordshire blue clay tiles with plain close verge
Left - decorative timber bargeboards Below right - roof incorporating mixture of old handmade plain red clay tiles and Staffordshire blue clay tiles WALLS - Brickwork details
Above and right - the pattern of ventilation holes within brickwork is distinctive. They are survivals from the original use of buildings as hay barns. Most of these slots have been blocked up with slate or blue bricks when the buildings were converted from agricultural uses into dwellings.
Brick eaves details - Left top and second from top - dentilled and corbelled eaves
Left - “sawtooth” and corbelled eaves
Rounded moulded bricks - used in conjunction with brick chimney stack (right) and corner of agricultural building (above) WALLS - Rubblestone and brick
Brick and rubblestone - brick makes strong quoins and window and door reveals (above right and below). It was often used as a repair, or when the old buildings were adapted or altered, a common occurrence during the 18th and early 19th centuries. The unusual alliance of stone and brick, with little attempt to disguise the building evolution, is one of Stanton-by-Bridge’s most delightful and picturesque qualities. WINDOWS
Above left - side-hinged timber casements of multiple panes. These were made with flush fitting opening casements and frames.
Left - casement with single horizontal glazing bar.
Above right - cast iron, diamond- paned casements
Right - side-hinged multi-paned timber casements set within chamfered frame (The Village Hall)
Left and bottom left - horizontally sliding sash windows are a common feature of the Midlands, often reserved for the less important elevations or small vernacular buildings. They are quite common in Stanton.
Right - vertically-sliding sash window. Most of the large, formal houses in Georgian England had large sash windows. In the early 19th century it was quite common to still find exposed sash boxes in rural areas (right). HISTORIC PAVED SURFACES
Left: Sections of Millstone Grit pitching with sections of flush gritstone kerb, an old packhorse/ quarry access road
Below: Detail of pitching and gritstone kerb restraint