Hops Humulus Lupulus L
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
The Rise of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Its Materia Medica A
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Bath Research Portal Citation for published version: Williamson, EM, Lorenc, A, Booker, A & Robinson, N 2013, 'The rise of traditional Chinese medicine and its materia medica: a comparison of the frequency and safety of materials and species used in Europe and China', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 149, no. 2, pp. 453-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.050 Publication date: 2013 Document Version Early version, also known as pre-print Link to publication University of Bath General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 13. May. 2019 Journal of Ethnopharmacology 149 (2013) 453–462 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Ethnopharmacology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jep The rise of traditional Chinese medicine and its materia medica: A comparison of the frequency and safety of materials and species used in Europe and China Elizabeth M. Williamson a,n, Ava Lorenc b,nn, Anthony Booker c, Nicola Robinson b a University of Reading School -
ADVISORY BOARDS Each Issue of Herbaigram Is Peer Reviewed by Various Members of Our Advisory Boards Prior to Publication
ADVISORY BOARDS Each issue of HerbaiGram is peer reviewed by various members of our Advisory Boards prior to publication . American Botanical Council Herb Research Dennis V. C. Awang, Ph.D., F.C.I.C., MediPiont Natural Gail B. Mahadr, Ph.D., Research Assistant Professor, Products Consul~ng Services, Ottowa, Ontario, Conodo Deportment o Medical Chemistry &Pharmacognosy, College of Foundation Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois Manuel F. Balandrin, R.Ph., Ph.D., Research Scien~st, NPS Rob McCaleb, President Pharmaceuticals, Salt LakeCity , Utah Robin J. Maries, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Botany, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba, Conodo Mi(hael J. Balidt, Ph.D., Director of the lns~tute of Econom ic Glenn Appelt, Ph.D., R.Ph., Author and Profess or Botany, the New York Botanical Gorden, Bronx, New York Dennis J. M(Kenna, Ph.D., Consulting Ethnophormocologist, Emeritus, University of Colorado, and with Boulder Beach Joseph M. Betz, Ph.D., Research Chemist, Center for Food Minneapolis, Minnesota Consulting Group Safety and Applied Nutri~on, Division of Natural Products, Food Daniel E. Moerman, Ph.D., William E. Stirton Professor of John A. Beutler, Ph.D., Natural Products Chemist, and Drug Administro~on , Washington, D.C. Anthropology, University of Michigon/ Deorbom, Dearborn, Michigan Notional Cancer Institute Donald J. Brown, N.D., Director, Natural Products Research Consultants; Faculty, Bastyr University, Seattle, Washington Samuel W. Page, Ph.D., Director, Division of Natural Products, Robert A. Bye, Jr., Ph.D., Professor of Ethnobotony, Notional University of Mexico Thomas J. Carlson, M.S., M.D., Senior Director, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutri~on , Food and Drug Administro~on , Washington, D.C. -
Phylogeography of a Tertiary Relict Plant, Meconopsis Cambrica (Papaveraceae), Implies the Existence of Northern Refugia for a Temperate Herb
Article (refereed) - postprint Valtueña, Francisco J.; Preston, Chris D.; Kadereit, Joachim W. 2012 Phylogeography of a Tertiary relict plant, Meconopsis cambrica (Papaveraceae), implies the existence of northern refugia for a temperate herb. Molecular Ecology, 21 (6). 1423-1437. 10.1111/j.1365- 294X.2012.05473.x Copyright © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. This version available http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/17105/ NERC has developed NORA to enable users to access research outputs wholly or partially funded by NERC. Copyright and other rights for material on this site are retained by the rights owners. Users should read the terms and conditions of use of this material at http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/policies.html#access This document is the author’s final manuscript version of the journal article, incorporating any revisions agreed during the peer review process. Some differences between this and the publisher’s version remain. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from this article. The definitive version is available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com Contact CEH NORA team at [email protected] The NERC and CEH trademarks and logos (‘the Trademarks’) are registered trademarks of NERC in the UK and other countries, and may not be used without the prior written consent of the Trademark owner. 1 Phylogeography of a Tertiary relict plant, Meconopsis cambrica 2 (Papaveraceae), implies the existence of northern refugia for a 3 temperate herb 4 Francisco J. Valtueña*†, Chris D. Preston‡ and Joachim W. Kadereit† 5 *Área de Botánica, Facultad deCiencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda. de Elvas, s.n. -
Meconopsis (PDF)
Flora of China 7: 262–278. 2008. 2. MECONOPSIS Viguier, Hist. Nat. Pavots Argémones, 48. 1814. 绿绒蒿属 lü rong hao shu Zhang Mingli (张明理); Christopher Grey-Wilson Herbs, monocarpic or perennial, yellow lactiferous. Taproot distinct in monocarpic species, plump, extended or napiform thick- ened, accompanied by fibrous roots, or fibrous. Stems, when present, branched or not, bristly, setose, pubescent, or glabrous. Leaves cauline and basal or all basal and forming a rosette; rosette leaves persistent in winter or dying away to a resting bud or buds; blade entire, serrate, or pinnatifid to pinnate, glabrous to bristly; basal leaves and lower cauline leaves usually petiolate; upper cauline leaves shortly petiolate or sessile, sometimes amplexicaul. Inflorescence a raceme, panicle, or pseudoumbel, with uppermost flower opening first, or flowers solitary, then often on basal scapes. Flowers large, often bowl- or saucer-shaped. Sepals 2, very rarely 3 or 4 in terminal flowers, caducous. Petals 4–10, occasionally more, blue, purple, pink, red, or yellow, rarely white. Stamens numerous; filaments mostly linear, rarely dilated in lower part. Ovary nearly spherical, ovoid, or obovoid to narrowly terete, 1-loculed, with 3 or more carpels, containing numerous ovules; styles distinct, usually short, sometimes almost absent, regularly stout or basally expanding into a disk covering top of ovary; stigmas free or united, capitate or clavate. Capsule nearly spherical, ovoid, obovoid, or elliptic to cylindrical, spiny, setose, pubescent, or glabrous, 3–12(–18)-valvate; segments slightly lobed or divided to 1/3 length or more from apex to base. Seeds many, ovoid, reniform, falcate-oblong, or oblong, smooth or longitudinally concave, without a caruncle. -
Unit 5 Ex-Situ Conservation
UNIT 2 EX-SITU CONSERVATION Structure 5.0 Introduction 5.1 Advantage of Ex-situ Conservation 5.2 Objectives 5.3 Ex-situ Conservation : Principles & Practices 5.4 Conventional methods of ex-situ conservation 5.4.1 Gene Bank 5.4.2 Community Seed Bank 5.4.3 Seed Bank 5.4.4 Botanical Garden 5.4.5 Field Gene Bank 5.5 Biotechnological methods of ex-situ conservation 5.4.1 In-vitro Conservation 5.4.2 In-vitro storage of germplasm and cryopreservation 5.4.3 Other method 5.4.4 Germplasm facilities in India 5.6 General Account of Important Institutions 5.4.1 BSI 5.4.2 NBPGR 5.4.3 IARI 5.4.4 SCIR 5.4.5 DBT 5.7 Let us sum up 5.8 Check your progress & the key 5.9 Assignments/ Activities 5.10 References/ Further Reading 44 5.0 INTRODUCTION For much of the time man lived in a hunter-gather society and thus depended entirely on biodiversity for sustenance. But, with the increased dependence on agriculture and industrialisation, the emphasis on biodiversity has decreased. Indeed, the biodiversity, in wild and domesticated forms, is the sources for most of humanity food, medicine, clothing and housing, much of the cultural diversity and most of the intellectual and spiritual inspiration. It is, without doubt, the very basis of life. Further that, a quarter of the earth‟s total biological diversity amounting to a million species, which might be useful to mankind in one way or other, is in serious risk of extinction over the next 2-3 decades. -
A Molecular Phylogeny of the Solanaceae
TAXON 57 (4) • November 2008: 1159–1181 Olmstead & al. • Molecular phylogeny of Solanaceae MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS A molecular phylogeny of the Solanaceae Richard G. Olmstead1*, Lynn Bohs2, Hala Abdel Migid1,3, Eugenio Santiago-Valentin1,4, Vicente F. Garcia1,5 & Sarah M. Collier1,6 1 Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, U.S.A. *olmstead@ u.washington.edu (author for correspondence) 2 Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, U.S.A. 3 Present address: Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt 4 Present address: Jardin Botanico de Puerto Rico, Universidad de Puerto Rico, Apartado Postal 364984, San Juan 00936, Puerto Rico 5 Present address: Department of Integrative Biology, 3060 Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, U.S.A. 6 Present address: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, U.S.A. A phylogeny of Solanaceae is presented based on the chloroplast DNA regions ndhF and trnLF. With 89 genera and 190 species included, this represents a nearly comprehensive genus-level sampling and provides a framework phylogeny for the entire family that helps integrate many previously-published phylogenetic studies within So- lanaceae. The four genera comprising the family Goetzeaceae and the monotypic families Duckeodendraceae, Nolanaceae, and Sclerophylaceae, often recognized in traditional classifications, are shown to be included in Solanaceae. The current results corroborate previous studies that identify a monophyletic subfamily Solanoideae and the more inclusive “x = 12” clade, which includes Nicotiana and the Australian tribe Anthocercideae. These results also provide greater resolution among lineages within Solanoideae, confirming Jaltomata as sister to Solanum and identifying a clade comprised primarily of tribes Capsiceae (Capsicum and Lycianthes) and Physaleae. -
Corolla Retention After Pollination Facilitates the Development
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Corolla retention after pollination facilitates the development of fertilized ovules in Fritillaria Received: 9 May 2018 Accepted: 30 November 2018 delavayi (Liliaceae) Published: xx xx xxxx Yongqian Gao1,2, Changming Wang3, Bo Song4 & Fan Du3 Corollas (or perianths), considered to contribute to pollinator attraction during anthesis, persist after anthesis in many plants. However, their post-foral function has been little investigated within a cost-beneft framework. We explored the adaptive signifcance of corolla retention after anthesis for reproduction in Fritillaria delavayi, a perennial herb endemic to the alpine areas of the Hengduan Mountains, southwestern China. We examined whether the persistent corollas enhance reproductive success during seed development. Persistent corollas increased fruit temperature on sunny days, and greatly decreased the intensity of ultraviolet-B/C (UV-B/C) radiation reaching fruits. When corollas were removed immediately after pollination, fecundity and progeny quality were adversely afected. Measurements of fower mass and size showed no further corolla growth during fruiting, and respiration and transpiration tests demonstrated that both respiration rate and transpiration rate of corollas were much lower during fruiting than during fowering, indicating a slight additional resource investment in corolla retention after anthesis. Thus, seed production by F. delavayi may be facilitated by corolla retention during seed development at only a small physiological cost. We conclude that corolla retention may be an adaptive strategy that enhances female reproductive success by having a protective role for ripening seeds in the harsh conditions at high elevation. In order to ensure reproductive success, fowering plants exhibit an astonishing diversity of foral traits; these include diferent colors of petals1,2, variable fower orientation3,4, individual fower movement5,6, and extrafo- ral structures7,8. -
Mountain Gardens Full Plant List 2016
MOUNTAIN GARDENS BARE ROOT PLANT SALES WWW.MOUNTAINGARDENSHERBS.COM Here is our expanded list of bare root plants. Prices are $4-$5 as indicated. Note that some are only available in spring or summer, as indicated; otherwise they are available all seasons. No price listed = not available this year. We begin responding to requests in April and plants are generally shipped in May and June, though inquiries are welcome throughout the growing season. We ship early in the week by Priority Mail. For most orders, except very large or very small, we use flat rate boxes @$25 per shipment. Some species will sell out – please list substitutes, or we will refund via Paypal or a check. TO ORDER, email name/number of plants wanted & your address to [email protected] Payment: Through Paypal, using [email protected]. If you prefer, you can mail your order with a check (made out to ‘Joe Hollis’) to 546 Shuford Cr. Rd., Burnsville, NC 28714. Or you can pick up your plants at the nursery (please send your order and payment with requested pick-up date in advance). * Shipping & handling: 25$ flat rate on all but very small or very large orders – will verify via email. MOUNTAIN GARDENS PLANT LIST *No price listed = not available this year. LATIN NAME COMMON NAME BARE USE/CATEGORY ROOT Edible, Medicinal, etc. Achillea millefolium Yarrow $4.00 Medicinal Aconitum napellus Monkshood, Chinese, fu zi ChinMed, Ornamental Acorus calamus Calamus, sweet flag Med Acorus gramineus shi chang pu 4 ChinMed Actaea racemosa Black Cohosh 4 Native Med Aegopodium podograria -
History and Current Status of Systematic Research with Araceae
HISTORY AND CURRENT STATUS OF SYSTEMATIC RESEARCH WITH ARACEAE Thomas B. Croat Missouri Botanical Garden P. O. Box 299 St. Louis, MO 63166 U.S.A. Note: This paper, originally published in Aroideana Vol. 21, pp. 26–145 in 1998, is periodically updated onto the IAS web page with current additions. Any mistakes, proposed changes, or new publications that deal with the systematics of Araceae should be brought to my attention. Mail to me at the address listed above, or e-mail me at [email protected]. Last revised November 2004 INTRODUCTION The history of systematic work with Araceae has been previously covered by Nicolson (1987b), and was the subject of a chapter in the Genera of Araceae by Mayo, Bogner & Boyce (1997) and in Curtis's Botanical Magazine new series (Mayo et al., 1995). In addition to covering many of the principal players in the field of aroid research, Nicolson's paper dealt with the evolution of family concepts and gave a comparison of the then current modern systems of classification. The papers by Mayo, Bogner and Boyce were more comprehensive in scope than that of Nicolson, but still did not cover in great detail many of the participants in Araceae research. In contrast, this paper will cover all systematic and floristic work that deals with Araceae, which is known to me. It will not, in general, deal with agronomic papers on Araceae such as the rich literature on taro and its cultivation, nor will it deal with smaller papers of a technical nature or those dealing with pollination biology. -
The Rise of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Its
Citation for published version: Williamson, EM, Lorenc, A, Booker, A & Robinson, N 2013, 'The rise of traditional Chinese medicine and its materia medica: a comparison of the frequency and safety of materials and species used in Europe and China', Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 149, no. 2, pp. 453-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.050 Publication date: 2013 Document Version Early version, also known as pre-print Link to publication University of Bath Alternative formats If you require this document in an alternative format, please contact: [email protected] General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 27. Sep. 2021 Journal of Ethnopharmacology 149 (2013) 453–462 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Ethnopharmacology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jep The rise of traditional Chinese medicine and its materia medica: A comparison of the frequency and safety of materials and species used in Europe and China Elizabeth M. Williamson a,n, Ava Lorenc b,nn, Anthony Booker c, Nicola Robinson b a University of Reading School of Pharmacy, -
SOLANACEAE 茄科 Qie Ke Zhang Zhi-Yun, Lu An-Ming; William G
Flora of China 17: 300–332. 1994. SOLANACEAE 茄科 qie ke Zhang Zhi-yun, Lu An-ming; William G. D'Arcy Herbs, shrubs, small trees, or climbers. Stems sometimes prickly, rarely thorny; hairs simple, branched, or stellate, sometimes glandular. Leaves alternate, solitary or paired, simple or pinnately compound, without stipules; leaf blade entire, dentate, lobed, or divided. Inflorescences terminal, overtopped by continuing axes, appearing axillary, extra-axillary, or leaf opposed, often apparently umbellate, racemose, paniculate, clustered, or solitary flowers, rarely true cymes, sometimes bracteate. Flowers mostly bisexual, usually regular, 5-merous, rarely 4- or 6–9-merous. Calyx mostly lobed. Petals united. Stamens as many as corolla lobes and alternate with them, inserted within corolla, all alike or 1 or more reduced; anthers dehiscing longitudinally or by apical pores. Ovary 2–5-locular; placentation mostly axile; ovules usually numerous. Style 1. Fruiting calyx often becoming enlarged, mostly persistent. Fruit a berry or capsule. Seeds with copious endosperm; embryo mostly curved. About 95 genera with 2300 species: best represented in western tropical America, widespread in temperate and tropical regions; 20 genera (ten introduced) and 101 species in China. Some species of Solanaceae are known in China only by plants cultivated in ornamental or specialty gardens: Atropa belladonna Linnaeus, Cyphomandra betacea (Cavanilles) Sendtner, Brugmansia suaveolens (Willdenow) Berchtold & Presl, Nicotiana alata Link & Otto, and Solanum jasminoides Paxton. Kuang Ko-zen & Lu An-ming, eds. 1978. Solanaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67(1): 1–175. 1a. Flowers in several- to many-flowered inflorescences; peduncle mostly present and evident. 2a. Fruit enclosed in fruiting calyx. -
The Chinaberry Path with Melia Azedarach Flowering Profusely At
photograph © Jim Ethridge The Chinaberry path with Melia azedarach flowering profusely at Quarryhill Botanical Garden in California, which celebrated its twenty-fifth anniversary in 2012. photograph © Tony Kirkham The view across the valley from the prayer flags at Quarryhill. 138 Quarryhill Botanical Garden, USA In 1987 Jane Davenport Hansen started creating the botanical garden that is Quarryhill in Sonoma Valley, California. TONY KIRKHAM writes about the exceptional collection of wild collected Chinese plants that thrive there 25 years on. 1987 can be remembered in the Dendrological calendar for a number of events in the tree world, particularly the Great Storm in the South-east of England that destroyed over 15 million trees in one night. This storm was a real wakeup call to anyone with even a slight interest in trees and it started a new beginning in the tree world, raising public awareness and generating new planting schemes across the UK. In the same year, in Sonoma Valley, California, Jane Davenport Jansen had a vision that would make significant additions to arboreta across the botanic garden world, and leave a living legacy that is now one of the largest living collections of wild collected temperate Asian plants in North America; it was the creation of Quarryhill Botanical Garden. In 1968, Jane purchased 61 acres in the foothills of the Mayacama Mountains off the Sonoma Highway in Glen Ellen, Sonoma County to be planted with vineyards, but 20 acres of the hillside contained several abandoned stone quarries and in 1987 she decided to create a garden. Unlike many gardens INTERNATIONAL DENDROLOGY SOCIETY GARDENS & ARBORETA that would be planted purely for landscape, aesthetic and floral qualities, Jane had set her sights on something unique to the area that would become her personal drive, a landscape planted with natural source plants derived from her own funded expeditions to targeted countries around the world with an emphasis on the Far East.