UNICEF HUMANITARIAN SITUATION REPORT No. 5 31 May 2019

Somalia

Humanitarian Situation Report

Mackenzie Knowles-Coursin/UNICEF REPORTING PERIOD: May 2019 SITUATION IN NUMBERS Highlights 4.2 million People in need of humanitarian assistance • Dry conditions continued in May with the Gu rains starting late in (2019 Humanitarian Needs Overview) most of the country. 903,100 • In May, the humanitarian community launched the multi-sectoral Estimated children under-5 years likely to face Drought Response Plan (DRP). The plan appeals for US$ 710 million acute malnutrition in 2019, including 138,200 to aid communities affected by the delayed Gu rains throughout the children with SAM country from June-December 2019. The plan includes critical 3 million nutrition, health and WASH interventions, and highlights the full Children estimated to be out of school scope of needs for children. (2019 Humanitarian Action for Children) • With UNICEF support, 299,828 people received emergency water 2.6 million through water trucking as well as the provision of two new wells People internally displaced throughout Somalia equipped with solar pumps and 10 wells were rehabilitated, which Funding Status in total reached 24,615 people. Carry • UNICEF supported 1,561 people with community-and-school-based forward $12.1m mine risk awareness and 156 people accessed gender-based violence (GBV) services. Funds received • UNICEF is facing a 73 per cent funding gap and remains constrained 2019 funding $27.6m in how it can scale-up to meet the growing needs of children requirement Funding $145.3m throughout Somalia. Gap $105.6m UNICEF’s Response with Partners

Carry forward Funds received Funding Gap

- carry and year appeal current for received funding include available *Funds

UNICEF and partners Cluster UNICEF Total Target Cluster Total Target Target Results achieved Target Results achieved Nutrition: # children 6-59 months admitted for Severe Acute 130,196 46,692 36% 178,000 89,012 50% Malnutrition (SAM) Health: # of crisis affected people with adequate access to PHC 974,400 237,300 24% services provided with emergency life-saving health services WASH: # of emergency affected people accessing temporary 950,000 485,367 51% 2,092,000 631,498 33% safe water services for drinking, cooking and personal hygiene Education: # children and youth accessing formal or non- 165,000 25,491 15%1 330,068 72,759 22% formal primary education (boys/girls) Child Protection: # children participating in community-based psychosocial support activities including child friendly space 120,000 18,997 16% 250,000 77,220 31% (boys/girls) Cash-based Transfers: # of households with children under 5 years diagnosed with SAM and admitted for treatment 30,062 0 0% receiving monthly cash transfers to support access to basic services

1 A carry over grant from 2018 provided support to 20,868 children in education in emergencies interventions.

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UNICEF SOMALIA HUMANITARIAN SITUATION REPORT No. 5 31 May 2019

Situation Overview and Humanitarian Needs

Children in Somalia continue to live in one of the harshest places in the world to be a child, faced with repeated climate shocks, continued conflict, displacement and violence. Over 4.2 million people, including 2.5 million children, needed humanitarian assistance and protection.2 By December 2018, over three million children, out of 4.9 million in the country, were estimated to be out of school,3 including 1.85 million school aged children who require urgent assistance. In general, the enrolment rate is 30 per cent across Somalia, and for primary school the enrolment is the same for boys and girls. There are also an estimated 2.6 million people displaced in Somalia, including over one million in the last year alone, with women and children representing the majority of the displaced4.

The 2018 Deyr season was below average to poor in many parts of Somalia. As a result, the northeast and central regions of Somalia were impacted with significantly drier and higher than normal temperatures.5 The dry conditions continue in 2019 with the Gu rains starting late in most of the country resulting in the overall humanitarian situation worsening. Displacements due to the delayed rains and the impact of conflict are reported to be increasing throughout the country and exclusion and discrimination of women and girls, as well as socially marginalized groups, continue to exacerbate elevated levels of acute humanitarian needs. Rains have materialized in most parts of the country in May, but the impact of the delay will likely continue through the year and a sufficient harvest season is highly unlikely. The 2019 Gu season was the second consecutive below-average rainy season, in a country still recovering from a prolonged drought in 2016-17.6

The Humanitarian Response Plan (HRP) was launched in January 2019 and seeks US$ 1.08 billion to provide life-saving assistance and livelihood support to 3.4 million Somalis affected by conflict, climatic shocks and displacement across the country,7 with a focus on the most vulnerable. For 2019, UNICEF is appealing for US$ 145.3 million to sustain the provision of life-saving services including critical nutrition, health, WASH, child protection and education in emergency interventions, as well as cash-based assistance for women and children in Somalia.

In May, the multi-sectoral DRP was launched on behalf of the humanitarian community. The plan appeals for $710 million to aid communities affected by the delayed Gu rains throughout the country from June-December 2019. The plan includes critical nutrition, health and WASH interventions, and highlights the full scope of needs for children. The impact of the delayed rains is expected to increase vulnerabilities and displacement for those most in need and translate into heightened child protection risks and loss of opportunities for learning for children.

Humanitarian Leadership and Coordination

UNICEF is an active member of the Humanitarian Country Team (HCT) and participates in the Inter-Cluster Working Group, which leads strategic and cross-sectoral coordination of humanitarian programmes. UNICEF is also an active member of the Civil-Military Working Group and HCT Access Task Force. UNICEF continues to lead the WASH and Nutrition Clusters and the Child Protection Area of Responsibility and co-leads the Education Cluster with Save the Children. The operational capacity of the UNICEF-led Clusters is significant, with a network of over 140 partners, including sub-regional coordinators in over 15 regions. The network facilitates access to information, coordination and interventions in hard-to-reach and inaccessible areas. UNICEF and the WASH, Nutrition and Education Clusters, as well as the Child Protection sub-cluster, are active members of the inter-agency Disaster Operations Coordination Centre (DOCC) in Mogadishu. UNICEF is also supporting gender capacity strengthening efforts for clusters to ensure the drought preparedness and response is gender- responsive and inclusive.

Humanitarian Strategy

UNICEF’s ongoing humanitarian action focuses on an integrated, inclusive, and multi-sectoral response to residual drought impact, displacement, conflict, disease outbreaks and seasonal floods. In line with the 2019 Somalia HRP, as well as the HCT Centrality of Protection Strategy, UNICEF’s priorities are to provide life-saving services to address critical malnutrition and excess mortality, effectively respond to mounting protection threats, and support resilience building and early

2 2019 Humanitarian Needs Overview 3 2019 Humanitarian Needs Overview. 4 According to the UNHCR-led Protection and Return Monitoring Network (PRMN). 5 OCHA Humanitarian Bulletin, March 2019 6 OCHA Humanitarian Bulletin, May 2019 7 OCHA Humanitarian Bulletin, January 2019/

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UNICEF SOMALIA HUMANITARIAN SITUATION REPORT No. 5 31 May 2019 recovery. UNICEF is also committed to implementing gender-responsive and socially inclusive humanitarian action to ensure those most in need receive the right life-saving services.

UNICEF is maintaining critical service provision in the highest need areas, procuring life-saving core pipeline supplies and continually looking to expand partnerships and coverage in hard-to-access areas.8 Life-saving programme integration prioritizes nutrition, health and WASH services, complemented with child protection and education in emergencies. UNICEF maintains key leadership roles in support of humanitarian coordination, as well as active participation in other crucial strategic forums. Humanitarian interventions are closely coordinated with relevant ministries, disaster management agencies and clusters and delivered through most local partners.

Where possible, UNICEF is responding jointly with the World Food Program (WFP) through an augmented response package, including the integrated treatment of acute malnutrition and joint humanitarian cash interventions. In line with Grand Bargain, UNICEF made a commitment to increase cash-based assistance, which is being prioritized where appropriate though it is currently facing important funding shortfalls. UNICEF is also working towards integrated access to social services in the Somalia Resilience and Recovery Framework (RRF), informing humanitarian integration and contributing towards longer-term, shared outcomes and resilience building, in line with the New Way of Working (NWOW) commitments.

Summary Analysis of Programme Response

Nutrition The emergency nutrition programme in Somalia registered an increasing trend since the last reporting period in admissions of children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in the regions/districts of (Waajid), Bari (Iskushuban), Marodijeex (Gebiley, Hargeisa), (Balcad), Sanaag (Badhan), Sool (Lascaanod) and Banadir (Karaan). The above regions were mostly consistent with the Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit (FSNAU) February 2019 areas were projected to have a worsening nutrition situation and are in line with areas that will be most affected should the Gu rains not perform optimally. In response, since January 2019, UNICEF provided 46,692 children with lifesaving SAM treatment services, which represents 30 per cent of UNICEF’s target.9 Of the SAM cases admitted, 57 per cent are girls, highlighting an increasing proportion of girls that need to be examined closely through review of data during monitoring visits, as well as analysis from the micronutrient survey available. Additionally, of the SAM cases treated, five per cent were treated in stabilization centres. Notably, the number of sites that reported stock out of ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) was down from April to only 4.4 per cent, and lower than what was previously reported due to airlifting of supplies to hard-to-reach areas in May.

Since January 2019, UNICEF and partners screened 703,703 children under-5 years of age, provided micronutrient powders to 68,938 children aged 6-23 months, supported individual counselling on infant and young child feeding to 209,073 mothers and caregivers, provided Vitamin A supplementation to 52,887 children under-5 years of age and supported the training on the provision of quality counselling to 4,470 community health workers (63 per cent female). Meanwhile, the initiative to provide moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) treatment services using the expanded admissions protocol continued in select districts and reached 14,556 people (43 percent of the target) since August 2018. Moving forward, UNICEF is focusing on finalizing agreements and seeking funding for the provision of emergency nutrition services, particularly in the areas affected by the delayed rains and IPC Crisis and Emergency prone areas.

Health Throughout May, 69 UNICEF-supported health facilities provided essential health services to 10,419 people in crisis and 62 mobile and outreach clinics provided services for an additional 13,696 people from hard-to- reach areas. A total of 12,269 children under-5 years of age and 6,929 women from crisis-affected areas and IDP settlements were reached. UNICEF and implementing partners also provided routine vaccinations to populations, including 6,272 children under-1 year of age who received Penta 1 and 9,572 children aged between 6-59 months who received measles vaccinations. Following a spike of measles cases during April, case numbers have since decreased and returned to normal. Additionally, acute watery diarrhoea (AWD)/ cholera cases were only reported in Banadir districts and remained constant, with 47 cases per week. There was a slight increase in the number of diarrhoea cases registered at UNICEF-supported facilities, with 6,036 cases in May, versus 5,656 in April, 57 per cent of cases in May were children aged under-5 years. An increase of malaria cases was recorded in Borama, Somaliland and

8 Priority regions are Bay, Bakool, , , Galgaduud, , Sanaag, Sool, Bari and Nugaal given the high malnutrition rates. 9 Noting that only 40 per cent of the sites reported to date for May, against a typical reporting rate of 90 per cent. Relatedly, nutrition screening at DHIS sites was substantially lower in May than last because Ramadan/EID holidays and most likely was the cause of the delayed reporting. 3

UNICEF SOMALIA HUMANITARIAN SITUATION REPORT No. 5 31 May 2019 investigated within the 72-hour timeframe. Finally, UNICEF prepositioned malaria tests and drugs in the affected areas to pre-empt a stock-out, supplied Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) for the treatment of up to 5,600 people with diarrhoea and distributed essential drugs and commodities to 11 partners in 30 priority districts.

WASH In May, there were reported improvements in water access in country with rain received in several parts of Somalia. However, central regions and large parts of the southern regions of Somalia, except and Lower Shabelle, remained dry throughout the period. In resonse, UNICEF continued to scale-up water trucking activties, which began in April, with 299,828 beneficiaries receiving emergency water in Somaliland, Puntland and central and southern Somalia. With the onset of rains and reported cases of AWD, UNICEF, through implementing partners, also chlorinated 107 wells reaching 341,618 people in Banadir region.

Additionally, to improve sustainable water sources, UNICEF provided two new wells equipped with solar pumps, and rehabilitated 10 wells in and Doolow, reaching a total of 24,615 people. Similarly, 10 schools in Mogadishu district benefitted from the rehabilitation of three shallow wells, which are connected to elevated tanks and water kiosk. UNICEF provided support to construct 149 latrines in 11 Janayo IDP camp in Baidoa, improving access to sanitation for 3,756 beneficiaries. An additional 124 latrines were constructed in five villages in Luuq district to scale-up UNICEF’s community- led total sanitation (CLTS) programming. Finally, UNICEF provided 7,266 people with hygiene kits in 11 Janayo IDP camp in Baidoa and 300 adolescent girls received reusable sanitary pads in Mogadishu-Wadajir. UNICEF's hygiene promotion activities reached 13,331 people in Marka and Luuq districts.

Education Throughout May, UNICEF focused on the delivery of the education response through teachers and community education committees (CECs) training, teachers’ incentives and providing safe drinking water and hygiene promotion to encourage children to continue accessing education. In total, 4,623 children (2,106 girls) benefitted from safe drinking water in schools. Child-to-Child Clubs (CtC) encouraged peer-to- peer support among the children in schools and, in May, CtC clubs were established in all 24 schools with engagement of 400 children (205 girls). Through CtC clubs, children also focused on hygiene promotion by learning about safe water and sanitation, as well as the promotion of AWD/Cholera prevention messages aiming to reinforce positive lifelong behaviors of children, their homes and their communities. Finally, UNICEF and partners trained 115 teachers (24 female) on pedagogic skills and psychosocial care, and 103 teachers (20 female) were provided with monthly incentives. The trainings sought to address teachers’ capacity through development opportunities and aimed to contribute to improved standards of teaching and retention of trained teachers in the workforce. Additionally, psychosocial skills development will help teachers identify and support distressed boys and girls who need psychosocial support, and support teachers to manage their own wellbeing.

Child Protection In May, a total of 24,985 people benefited from UNICEF child protection programmes. UNICEF and partners provided 2,043 people (561 girls and 397 women) with psychosocial support, 327 separated children (177 girls) and 268 unaccompanied children (110 girls) were identified and documented, 1,561 people (397 girls and 286 women) benefitted from community-and-school-based mine risk awareness and 156 people (80 girls and 72 women) accessed GBV services.

To date, a total of 368 children formerly associated with armed forces and groups (all boys) are under the care of UNICEF- supported reintegration programmes. During the reporting period, the Somalia Child Protection sub-cluster reached 32,308 children (15,454 girls) and 18,807 caregivers (12,601 females) with protection services. In total, 17,382 children (7,976 girls) and 5,262 people (4,634 females) were provided with access to psychosocial support services, 253 unaccompanied and separated children (95 girls) were provided with family tracing services and 9,118 children, in addition to 9,240 caregivers, were reached with prevention messages.

Cash-Based Programming

While working in coordination with other agencies, including WFP, to establish more expansive and inclusive safety net strategies, work continued on cash-based programming with finalization of the pilot programme, initially targeting Bay and Bakool regions. The new programme is expected to begin in the second quarter of 2019, while UNICEF continues to advocate for funding to rollout the pilot with a strong operational research component. The proposed approach will include UNICEF’s targeting of households with children

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UNICEF SOMALIA HUMANITARIAN SITUATION REPORT No. 5 31 May 2019 suffering from SAM, as a proxy identifier of extreme vulnerability, to receive regular cash assistance and to complement nutrition therapeutic programmes by promoting improved dietary diversity, positive feeding and hygiene practices.

Media and External Communication In May, media and external communication activities included multimedia missions to Somaliland and Puntland to document the drought-like conditions currently prevailing in parts of the country. The UNICEF Somalia Representative was quoted in an article in the Irish Times on the impact of the drought. Social media activity, across Facebook, Twitter and Instagram, continued to highlight and amplify UNICEF’s work for children in Somalia and the crucial support of donors and partners.

Funding For 2019 UNICEF is appealing for US$ 145.3 million to sustain provision of life-saving services including critical nutrition, health, WASH, child protection and education in emergency interventions, as well as cash-based assistance for women and children in Somalia. Continued predictable, flexible and timely donor support is critical to sustaining vital response activities and preventing further deterioration of the situation.

Funding Requirements (as defined in the 2019 Humanitarian Appeal) Requirements* Funds available** Funding gap Appeal Sector Funds Received Carry-Over US$ % Current Year Health 30,348,000 5,872,685 2,223,901 22,251,414 73% Nutrition 24,701,325 6,353,263*** 4,988,484 13,359,578 54% Education 19,702,980 2,854,472 604,861 16,243,648 82% WASH 35,830,088 6,700,392 2,663,702 26,465,994 74% Child Protection 18,922,791 4,322,496 1,116,658 13,483,637 71% Cash-based response 15,820,434 1,532,893 507,041 13,780,500 87% Total 145,325,618 27,636,200 12,104,647 105,584,771 73%

* Cluster coordination requirements were included in sub-costs for the nutrition, WASH, child protection and education sectors. **‘Funds available’ includes funding received against current appeal as well as carry-forward from the previous year. UNICEF humanitarian programmes also benefit from resilience funding generously contributed by multiple different donors, including resources helping UNICEF contribute towards both humanitarian efforts and interventions at the nexus between humanitarian and development action for children. ***Received from Global Thematic through ESARO US$ 369,263.40 in support of nutrition emergencies.

Next SitRep: 20 July 2019

UNICEF Somalia Crisis: http://www.unicef.org/Somalia UNICEF Somalia Crisis Facebook: www.facebook.com/unicefsomalia UNICEF Somalia Humanitarian Action for Children Appeal: http://www.unicef.org/appeals/somalia.html

Who to Werner Schultink, PhD Sara Karimbhoy contact for Representative Emergency Manager further UNICEF Somalia UNICEF Somalia information: Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]

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UNICEF SOMALIA HUMANITARIAN SITUATION REPORT No. 5 31 May 2019

Annex A: SUMMARY OF PROGRAMME RESULTS UNICEF and IPs Cluster Response Change Change since 2019 2019 Total Total Results since last last report Target Target Results report▲▼ ▲▼ WATER, SANITATION & HYGIENE # of emergency affected people accessing temporary 950,000 485,367 631,498 safe water services for drinking, cooking and personal (285,000 G |285,000 B (137,674G|141,479B 398,493▲ 2,092,000 (347,324 W 225,586▲ hygiene 199,500 W |180,500 M) 110,770W|95,544M) |284,174 M) 420,000 85,259 146,800 # people access appropriate sanitation facilities (126,000 G |126,000 B (22,600 G|22,780B 43,002▲ 953,150 (80,740 W| 15,113▲ 88,200 W |79,800 M) 21,443W|18,436M) 66,060 M) # of people in targeted settlements and communities 1,500,000 325,318 447,060 (285,000 G |285,000 B (82,337G|83,852B 146,801▲ 2,213,140 (260,733 W| 32,351▲ practicing hand washing with soap at critical moments 315,000 W |288,000 M) 82,385W| 76,744M) 213,327 M) # of people in targeted settlements and communities having their main source of drinking water located at 464,000 327,963 See (139,200 G|139,200 B (97,405G|101,308B 174,053▲ 1,176,491 10 N/A less than 500 meters from the household and a 97,440 W |88,160 M) 68,659W| 60,591M) footnote queuing time less than 30 minutes.

# of people in targeted settlements and communities 340,000 143,050 347,611 (102,000 G|102,000 B (42,486G|44,188B 22,207▲ 889,357 (191,186 W| 65,560▲ with access to sustainable safe water service 71,400 W |64,600 M) 29,948W|26,428M) 156,425 M)

EDUCATION # children and youth accessing formal or non-formal 165,000 25,491 72,759 (11,580G | 4,623▲ 330,068 (33,814 G| 1,946▲ (92,400 G| 72,600 B) primary education (boys/girls) 13,911B) 38,945 B) 300 300 No 1,125 # teachers supported with emergency incentives 5,000 (313 W| 82▲ (60 W|240 M) (60 W| 240 M) Change 812 M) # of school children benefitting from emergency 165,000 3,308 No 49,399 (1,506 G| 330,068 (23,213 G| 485▲ (92,400 G| 72,600 B) teaching materials (M/F) 1,802 B) Change 26,186 B) # of classrooms constructed or rehabilitated with child No friendly and inclusive WASH facilities available to 120 45 3,300 135 70▲ Change emergency-affected children and youth HEALTH # of crisis affected people with adequate access to PHC services provided with emergency life-saving 974,400 290,483 77,75311 health services ▲ # of emergency-affected pregnant woman received 48,720 17,407 1,1740▲ delivery services by skilled birth attendants # of children under 1 year received Penta3 vaccine 81,600 23,575 6,219▲

% of communicable diseases outbreaks investigated 90% 100% 100% and responded to in the first 96 hrs

NUTRITION # of children 6-59 months admitted for Severe Acute 46,692 178,000 89,012 130,196 8,659▲ (150,221 G| (48,119 G| 17,535▲ (26,539 G| 20,153 B) Malnutrition (SAM) 27,313 B) 40,893 B) 61,248 648,000 233,630 12 # of children with acute malnutrition treated 164,676 (34,911 G | 9,619▲ (548,222 G| (126,954 G| 40,954▲ 26,337 B) 409,715 B) 106,676 B) % of children under-5 with SAM admitted in No ≥ 75 91.8% ≥ 75 85.62% 1.74%▼ therapeutic feeding programme discharged cured Change # of OTP sites stocked out of RUTF TBD 4.4% 2.6%▼ # of pregnant and lactating women receiving infant 513,000 209,073 63,419 ▲ and young child feeding counselling CHILD PROTECTION # of children participating in community-based 77,220 120,000 18,997 (33,852G| psychosocial support activities including child friendly (54,000 G|54,000 B (7,740 G | 8,110 B 4,652▲ 250,000 36,955B 22,655▲ space (boys/girls) 6,000 W|6,000 M) 1,932 W | 1,215 M) 5,147W| 1,266M) # of registered unaccompanied and separated children supported with reunification services, family-based 10,000 2,429 595▲ 15,000 791 253▲ (3,500 G|6,500 B) (1,095 G | 1,334 B) (344 G | 447 B) care or appropriate alternative (boys/girls)

10 Partner reports are currently being collated and results will be reported in future updates. 11 Increase in reporting numbers is due to data cleaning from January – April 12 This includes the treatment of 130,196 children under-5 years with SAM and 34,480 children under-5 years with MAM through Extended Admission Criteria (EAC) with exemptional circumstances when access is an issue and integration is lacking. 6

UNICEF SOMALIA HUMANITARIAN SITUATION REPORT No. 5 31 May 2019

UNICEF and IPs Cluster Response Change Change since 2019 2019 Total Total Results since last last report Target Target Results report▲▼ ▲▼ # of survivors of gender-based violence receiving 10,000 1,311 clinical care, case management, psychosocial support. (400 G|600 B| (559 G|110 B 156▲ Legal assistance and safe house support 4,000 W|5,000 M) 636 W|6 M) # of girls and boys formerly associated with armed forces and armed groups provided with reintegration 3,000 994 368▲ (940 G|2,060 B) (24 G | 970 B) support 76,603 # of individuals targeted with rights-based public 250,000 61,510 (18,447 G| (99,500 G|99,500 B| (16,516 G|16,549 B 21,836▲ 400,000 19,614 B 18,358▲ outreach and awareness raising activities 26,000 W |25,000 M) 15,025 W|13,420 M) 22,117 W| 16,425M) CASH TRANSFERS # of households with children under 5 years diagnosed with SAM and admitted for treatment receiving No 30,062 0 monthly cash transfers to support access to basic Change services

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