DECEMBER 1982 ~ iHisGBCO PREFERRED iAiE REQuEsT ;iMiSBRoUG'Hl 1 1 TO YOU BY AHS FOR YOUR BENEFIT. 1 Send to: GEICO PREFERRED, GEICO Plaza, Washington, D.C. 20076 If student away at school, give distance from home 1 Name __ml ' Ie s 1 Addres,,-s ______Apt.# CAR 1 CAR2 CAR 3
City,______Stat""- ______Zip ____ _ Year & Make (Buick, 1 Dodge, etc.) 1
I Phone( Model (Skylark, Omni. etc.) 1 Name of current insurance company' ______~ 1 Date present insurance expires Mo __ Yr.__ Employer ______Yrs __ Body type: 2 dr., Sta. Wag .• etc. . 1 Title/ Grade..e ______Yrs . __ No. of cylinders 1 If in present occupation less than 2 yrs. or retired, give former occupation: 1 Est. Total Mileage 1------Est. Annual Mileage 1 1 Years at current addres,,-s ______Previously insured by GEICO: Yes 0 No 0 Days per week driven to work. school or depot Traffic 1 Accidents Conviction License One way distance M Oriver in Past in Past Suspen- 1 UstAIl Birthdate Marital or Percent of Use Trainine Years 5 years· 3 Years · sion· 1 Is car used in business Drivers Relation Mo. Day Status Occupation Car 1 Car2 Car3 Yes No Driving Yes No Yes No Yes No Yr. F except to/ from work?· 1 (Self) 1 Car location if different than mail address: 1 City/ State 1 1 ' If "yes" explai"'---______1
1 ¢ For accidents, traffic convictions, or license suspension, give dates and complete details, including cost of damages, on a separate sheet. 1 .. ------_.Check for information on Homeowners Insurance 0 Boatowners Insurance O. Auto insurance not available in New Jersey or Massachusetts. 718
HERE'S HOW AHS MEMBERS CAN TAKE FULL ADVANTAGE OF GEICO PREFERRED LOW-COST AUTO AND HOME INSURANCE. As a society member, you are entitled to extra YOU CAN CUSTOMIZE YOUR OWN COVERAGE. consideration for advantages like these: The coverages GEICO offers vary by state, but LOW RATES FOR QUALIFIED DRIVERS. you have many options in putting together your car GEICO PREFERRED insures those members and home insurance packages, both in the amounts of preferred groups-like AHS whose driving rec and kinds of protection. You also get a wide choice ords are better than average. Better drivers cost of convenient payment .Qlans. GEICO auto insur GEICO less. And these savings result in low rates. ance is not available in New Jersey and Massachu setts. Homeowners insurance is not available in GUARANTEED ONE· YEAR RATE ON YOUR AUTO New Jersey and Mississippi. POLICY AS WRlnEN. Many auto insurance companies now offer only YOU GET GEICO PREFERRED TREATMENT. 6-month auto policies. But as long as you don't All member inquiries receive prompt, prefer change the conditions of your policy, GEICO PRE ential service by a GEICO PREFERRED FERRED rates are guaranteed to remain the same Insurance Counselor. for a full year-so you don't risk having your rate increased after just 6 months. FOR A FREE RATE QUOTATION CALL TOLL FREE 1·800·368·2734 LOW·COST HOME INSURANCE TOO. In Maryland Call Collect (301) 986· 3500 Just check the appropriate box at the bottom of Your AHS membership entitles you to special the coupon, and you will also receive free informa consideration for low-cost auto and home insur tion on low-cost insurance for homeowners, renters ance. Good drivers, find out how much you may and owners of condominiums. Your application will save. For a free rate quotation, call today. Or mail receive special consideration. this coupon. No obligation. No salesman will call. GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES INSURANCE COMPANY· A Shareholder· Owned Company Not Affiliated W~h The U.S. Government. Judy Powell EDITOR RICAN Rebecca K. McClimans ART DIRECTOR ~ORTICULTURIST Barbara W. Ellis ASSOCIATE EDITOR VOLUME 61 NUMBER 12
Steven H. Davis Jane Steffey EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS
Irene Polansky PRODUCTION ASSISTANT
H. Marc Cathey Gilbert S. Daniels HORTICULTURAL CONSULTANTS
Gilbert S. Daniels BOOK EDITOR
Louise Baughn Cindy Weakland ASSISTANTS TO THE EDITOR
May Lin Roscoe BUSINESS MANAGER
Elizabeth Hume EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS DIRECTOR
Connie Clark The lovely gardens at Barnsley House are the handiwork of the owner Rosemary MEMBERSHIP SUBSCRIPTION Verey, who is also the author of the popular book, The Englishwoman's Garden. SERVICE Her garden is featured on page 27. Photograph by Guy Burgess.
John Simmons Chromagraphics Inc. President's Page 2 COLOR SEPARATIONS The Design Page: What Is the Purpose of a Garden? C. Lynn Coy Associates, Inc. by Margaret Hensel 4 55 Forest Street Stamford, CT 06'902 Plants for the Landscape: Ten Plants I Have to Grow (203) 327-4626 by Will Ingwersen 6 ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVE Strange Relatives: The Olive Family by jane Steffey 10
japan: An Important Plant Heritage by Dr. john L. Creech 16
Replacement Issues of AMERICAN HORTICULTIJRIST japan: An American Perspective by Don L. jacobs 20 are available at a coSt of $2.50 per copy. The Florists' Cyclamen by Dr. Robert E. Lyons 25 The opinions expressed in the articles that appear in AMERICAN HORTICULTURIST are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the Society. They Bamsley House by Lorraine Burgess 27 are presented as contributions to contemporary thought. Manuscripts, an work and photographs sent for possible Mini-F1ora® Reses by judy Powell 31 publication will be returned if they are accompanied by a self-addressed, stamped envelope. Book Reviews by Gilbert S. Daniels 35
AMERICAN HORTICULTURIST is the official Sources 39 publication of The American Horticultural Society, 7931 EaSt Boulevard Drive, Alexandria, Virginia 22308, (703) 768-5700, and is issued monthly. Membership in the Pronunciation Guide 40 Society includes a subscription to AMERICAN HORTICULTURIST. Membership dues Stan at $20.00 a year, $12.00 of which is designated for AMERICAN Gardener's Marketplace 42 HORTICULTURIST. Copyright © 1982 by The American Horticultural Society. ISSN 0096-4417. Second Index to American Horticulturist-1982 44 class postage paid at Alexandria, Virginia and at additional mailing offices. Postmaster: Please send Form 3579 to AMERICAN HORTICULTURIST, Mount Vernon, Virginia 22121. ON THE COVER: The Thanksgiving cactus, Schlumbergera truncata, is a favorite indoor plant this time of year because of its abundant winter blooms. Member of Society of National Association Publications Photograph by Bruce Steakley.
American Horticulturist 1 AMERICAN HORTICULTURAL PREsIDENf'S PAGE SOCIETY
OFFICERS I can assure you I will be actively enjoying PRESIDENT the benefits of my membership. I look for Edward N. Dane ward to attending the Charleston, South Carolina Spring Symposium and partici FIRST VICE PRESIDENT Mrs. Edward C. Sweeney pating in the Society's trips to Bermuda and the Mediterranean in the late spring. SECOND VICE PRESIDENT I do hope that I will see many of you at Richard J. Hutton these activities. SECRETARY Mrs. Charles W. Alhm, Jr. TREASURER J. Judson Brooks little over a year ago I worked with EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT Thomas W. Richards other Directors of the Society to establish a long-range plan for AHS IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT A that would serve as a guide for implemen Dr. Gilbert S. Daniels tation of various programs for the balance Thomas w. Richards of the 80's. The goals that were developed BOARD OF DIRECTORS have in common our recognition that the TERMS EXPIRING IN 1983: ardens are not static but change most important contribution the Society with the seasons and years, and can make to American horticulture is to Gerald S. Barad, M.D. so it is with horticultural societies expand and strengthen its educational out J. Lyle Bayless G and their personnel. After six years as Ex Mrs. Benjamin P. Bole, Jr. reach. The Directors also are perfectly aware Everett Conklin ecutive Vice President of your Society, it that for our educational commitment to Jackson R. Eddy is time for me to make a change and for be effective it must be available to our Richard J. Hutton the Society to enter a new "season" of membership and others in a manner that Mrs. William Wallace Mein activity. ensures participation by large numbers of Dr. Julia Rappaport When I joined the Society in 1976, my people. Mrs. Harry J. Van de Kamp challenge was to establish a firm base for For this reason our first priority is to TERMS EXPIRING IN 1984: the Society's growth and programs into the cooperate with and encourage in evety way Mrs. Charles W. Allen 1980's. This has been done. The Society existing plant societies, garden clubs, J. Judson Brooks is now an efficient organization with a professional horticulturists and the myri Mrs. Erastus Corning dedicated and competent staff; its occu ads of people for whom gardening is im Dr. Thomas A. Fretz pancy of the River Farm headquarters is portant. We are very eager to enlist the Mrs. Bruce Gunnell assured; the magazine and newsletter are help of our membership and friends in this Ms. Carolyn S. Marsh recognized as superior; and programs such outreach program. We need volunteers of Mrs. Malcolm Matheson, Jr. as the book service and seed program have every ability to help organize local events, Mrs. Joseph Poetker wide membership acceptance. In addition, to help the society recognize horticultural Mark Sullivan, III alternate sources of income-most notably excellence wherever it exists and to intro TERMS EXPIRING IN 1985: the establishment of a royalty income duce us to the leaders of other plant so Russell Clark have been developed to provide significant cieties and associations. It is our conviction Edward N . Dane supplemental support of our activities over that mutual support and recognition will Mrs. A. Lester Marks the next several years, although these rev be the most imp.ortant teaching aid that Everitt L. Miller enues by no means reli~ve us of our need we could possibly develop. Mrs. Edward C. Sweeney Mrs. Philip Temple for the sustained support of all our mem As Tom Richards has stated in the pre Dr. John A. Wott bers. ceding paragraphs, we've accomplished My years as your executive have been many of the short-term goals we had dur fulfilling, challenging, satisfying and en ing his tenure as our Executive Vice Pres joyable, not least because of the oppor ident, and for his help we are most grateful. tunity I've had to meet so many of you Now a new era faces us and more than and share horticultural experiences. I can ever before we must rely upon the aid of think of no better place to make friend members and friends . ship's than while viewing a garden! Next year I may no longer be involved in the Society's day to day activities, but
2 December 1982 BRAND NEW ROSES! Featuring TRIBUTE, the 1983 Rose of the Year™ - a standout hybrid tea that blooms neon bright in vibrant, glowing cerise red .. . SUN FLARE, the 1983 All-America floribunda and winner of top international awards with its ~ (J~ sunny, lemon yellow blooms . . . FRENCH LACE, a classic in ivory-white, honored by the AARS ~. 1Qc,, co'; in 1982. And don't forget the history-making trio that swept the 1980 AARS trials: LOVE, C. «-or:; HONOR and CHERISH. This catalog offers page after page of the world's finest roses .. . ~ • A"P / ALL GUARANTEED TO BLOOM IN YOUR GARDEN! "\1..\'- " ~oo., r\" ~C) i;-'I>' EVEN MORE - fragrant hybrid CRABAPPLES ... easy to grow BERRIES and ~~r( OJ'\. o,v GRAPES ... EXOTIC FLOWERS ... flowering and shade TREES . . . lots of ~ lQo.,0<:- ,viS planting and landscaping ideas, in the most asked-for garden catalog in the ~ . 0' ...... $1- world! It's yours FREE. ~ f:!' ~l) ' -\0.:Y Mail your postage-paid card today - or use the coupon to the right. ~ ....~O vi~·:oo.' O'
Jackson & Perkins Co. C;\" c,1Q .....,IQ f:'~ World's Largest Rose Growers and Nurserymen -\.~ «-0 :<::-~-\ .<2:-~'/)o S-~"""" 45-A Rose Lane, Medford, Oregon 97501 All J&P Ros es have ~ J b<'0'?" «-vc, 0~'" ea rn ed this sea l © 1982, Jackson & Perkins Co. THE DESIGN PAGE
WHAT IS THE PuRPosE OF A GARDEN?
ow here is a question that has almost as many answers as there are gardeners. For some, it is the thrill of the hunt, their gardens well telilded receptacles of a penchant for collecting. For others, it is as a place of solitude and quiet reveries, where the spirit becomes refreshed. Or barefoot, hot soil of the herb garden between their toes, it is a place of sensory delights. A garden is also a teacher and a classroom where we attempt to learn or are taught pati(mce (sometimes quite unwillingly), and failing that, a bit of mild tolerance. And as Gertrude Jekyll put it, " ... I hold the firm belief that the purpose of a garden is to give happiness and repose of mind, firstly and above all other considerations." The garden is also a plac 4 December 1982 LEFT: In this simple garden, a brick path links terrace and studio, an easy landscape transition that melds beauty and function. From the terrace the path begins as a gentle curve inviting exploration, then continues to lure and satisfy with an assortment of colors, textures and fragrances in this cutting and. display area. As we continue down the path, the studio assumes an added design function as the focal point of this vista. What could have been nothing but a simple, utilitarian walkway becomes instead a place to delight the senses. ABOVE: Viewed from the tower, it is easy to visualize the "garden rooms" of Sissinghurst. Walls, archways or breaks in a hedge ready us for a change of scene. The strict and often linear formality of Sir Harold Nicholson's layout provides a strong framework for a complex yet superb assortment of garden effects and plants that are Vita Sackville-West's achievement in this remarkable garden. sidered the purpose of a garden, we will examine in upcoming exploring and sharing with you the garden as art. 0 months such specific design topics as scale, texture, form, color, -Margaret Hensel vistas, perspective, water and shade and how these elements of Margaret Hensel is a landscape designer and garden writer living in design contribute to a successful garden. Massachusetts. With this issue her " Design Page" becomes a regular I will welcome your thoughts and look forward eagerly to feature of American Horticulturist. American Horticulturist 5 PLANTS FOR THE LANDSCAPE lEN PlANTs I HAVE 10 GROW his is a very personal selection of plants I regard as indispensable to T any garden I would own. My taste in plants is catholic, although the principal occupation of my life has been among the alpine plants of the world. I find all hardy plants quite irresistible, which has pro duced in my private garden a medley of different plants but little or no attempt at design. The result has drawn the rather acid comm ~nt from my wife that I am a fine plantsman but a rotten gardener. When I first saw Fremontodendron 'California Glory' growing on the wall of the laboratory at Wisley Garden I knew immediately it was a shrub I must possess. With the generosity common to gardeners, I was given a young plant that now flour ishes on the southwest wall of my house and has, in three years, stretched from its initial foot in height to reach the eaves. As I write these notes, in late June, 'California Glory' is a sheet of huge and gorgeous golden flowers from bottom to top. Truly a magnificent plant, and much hardier than I had dared hope. It has endured at least one severe winter unscathed. Apparently this plant occurred sponta neously at the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden in California, where F. californi cum grew in company with F. mexicanum. Although vegetative propagation is de scribed as difficult, I have been fortunate to have considerable success with tip-cut tings taken during June and July and rooted in a mist unit. An entrancing shrublet I treasure greatly is Leptospermum scoparium 'Nichollsii Nanum', whose label, if fully written, would almost overtop a mature specimen. This pygmy form of the fine Australian species seems to have been first raised some 30 or more years ago in the famous garden of the late A. K. Bulley by his equally famous head gardener, Mr. Hope. Although not 6 sufficiently hardy to be trusted in the op~n 1. Daphne petraea 'Grandiflora'. in cold areas, the plant is splendid for the 2. Leptospermum scoparium 'Nichollsii alpine house. The rounded, mounded Nanum'. 3. Xerophyllum tenax. bushes of entangled fine stems and tiny, 4. Rhodohypoxis baurii. 5. Saxifraga longifolia 'Tumbling Waters'. 6. Alchemilla very dark-green leaves are at this moment mollis. concealed beneath countless almost stem less, rounded flowers of deep crimson. An amiable little plant, it roots readily from soft-tip cuttings and is so eager to blossom 4 6 December 1982 CATALOGUE FOR that it will burst into flower even while of thick, broad, pointed, dark-green leaves GARDENERS still in the cutting frame. forming loose rosettes from the center of Without the superb inflorescences of which arise cup-shaped flowers of dazzling Saxifraga longifolia 'Tumbling Waters' I white-it is, indeed, the whitest blossom would have difficulty enjoying my garden. I know. The short stem is really a long Probably a hybrid between S. longifolia corolla tube at the base of which, at ground and S. callosa, it was discovered by the late level or even just below the surface, are Captain Symons Jeune. Unfortunately, as the parts of the flower where seed will be it is monocarpic, the actual rosette that produced. It flowers intermittently from flowers dies, but there is seldom a lack of early June until late summer and then dies unflowered side rosettes that can be de down to rest, during which time it should tached and rooted. It is fertile, but does be kept well on the dry side. not, of course, reproduce true from seed Even though I have never been able to even though some handsome plants may grow it with full success I must include on be expected among the seedlings. It can be my list the handsome bear grass, Xero grown in large pots or pans, or planted in phyllum tenax, of your own western the crevices of rocks or in a wall. There it mountains, where I have seen it making will make a symmetrical rosette of silver bold and handsome clumps of narrow gray, strap-shaped leaves a foot or more leaves, topped by tall stems ending in great in diameter. Eventually a flower spike two heads of white flowers. I collected seed, feet or more in length and a foot wide at but it did not germinate, and every year the base will form, carrying hundreds upon some kind friend sends me another supply. hundreds of immaculate white flowers. Three years ago I did achieve a good ger With the colorful little vdrieties of Rho mination and now have young plants es dohypoxis baurii I have a curious sort of tablishing, with flowers this year for the lovelhate relationship, which makes me still first time. It is very definitely one of my dubious about including them among this favorite plants. chosen ten. Frankly, I do not like them Often spoken of as the most beautiful very much, but I have so deep an appre of all small alpine shrubs, Daphne petraea ciation of their qualities that I could not 'Grandiflora' could not be omitted from really do without them. Their advantages my list. Native to cracks and crannies in are that they flower without cessation from the Dolomites, it is very slow growing and spring until late autumn and are extremely will take many years to reach the desirable gay and colorful. I am not quite sure why size of a rounded nine-inch-high bush. The I can find no deep affection for them, but clusters of deep-pink tubular flowers have it may be because the flowers have no def an intense fragrance and are of an entr inite shape and consist of a "bundle of ancing waxy texture. All that is needed for petals." It may also be a case of "I do not success is patience. This plant's maturity like you Dr. Fell, the reason why I cannot can be hastened by grafting it onto another tell." As natives of the Drakensburg species of Daphne, preferably an evergreen Mountains of Basutoland in South Africa, one. It is hardy in a rock crevice but is varieties of R. baurii are surprisingly hardy usually given alpine house treatment. and grow from tiny bulblets, producing The near hardy terrestrial orchids con small clusters of narrow leaves and an ~nd tained in the genus Pleione have become less succession of short-stemmed flowers, very popular in Britain. They are ideal cold which may be deep red, apple-blossom pink greenhouse plants, and some of them are or white or any intermediate shade. hardy enough to be grown on peat gardens I would count life the poorer if I did not in the open air. One of the rarest, and by ~ Holbrook Farm have a few samples of Weldenia candida many thought to be the most beautiful, is ~&Nursery to gloat over, although it cannot be thought the yellow-flowered P. forrestii. The story Route 2, Box 223B, 3017 • Fletcher, Ne 28732 of as a plant for every garden. Found in of its history in cultivation is interesting. the craters of extinct volcanoes in Mexico About 1929 the collector George Forrest I'm interested. Enclosed is $1.00 which is deductible with my first order. Please and Guatemala, the plant is not fully hardy discovered it in Nepal and sent home a send me your new catalogue starting with in England, although a few brave souls do dozen or two pseuodobulbs. Unfortu the Spring 1983 issue. attempt it in a warm border at the foot of nately th€!se were placed in an orchid house Name ______a south wall with some success. I grow it among tropical species and given quite the Address ______in very large, deep pots in the alpine house. wrong environment so that nearly all of It makes enormous fleshy roots that de them persihed. When but a few remained City mand ample space and rich and well drained one was given to an amateur and the re State ______Zip _____ soil. Dormant in the winter, it emits tufts mainder gradually perished. Some 30 years Perennlall • WlldliowafS • Bulbs· Selectad Woody Plants American Horticulturist 7 PLANTS FOR THE LANDSCAPE CONT'D I would count life the poorer if I did not have a few samples of Weldenia candida to gloat over, although it cannot be thought of as a plant for every garden. later I received a letter from the possessor Make every day of the one remaining pseudobulb, asking if I would be interested in buying 500 P. a SUN day. forrestii! That clever man had discovered With a Janco greenhouse the right treatment and had quietly worked that's just right for your home over the years raising stock. Naturally I or business. Free-standing or accepted his offer and that was how this lean-to, Janco greenhouses are splendid plant was first widely distributed. all-aluminum for easy care and It remains a rarity, but I was told recently come with regular or factory by a member of an expedition to Nepal sealed insulated g{ass. A choice of attractive finishes, tool Start that he had seen a rocky mountain slope with a Janco and you'll enjoy yellow with the flowers of thousands of P. years of growing success. forrestii. This gives hope of a new intro Send $2.00 for our 48-page duction. Meanwhile I relish my own few color catalog featuring the plants and certainly count it my favorite largest selection of greenhouses Pleione. and accessories. A1low~ulr~~;;;;;] In the high alpine meadows of Kashmir grows dainty Corydalis cashmeriana, whose short, branching stems bear flowers of an incredible glacier-blue, pure and undiluted AH-1 2 9390 Davis Avenue by the hint of the purple existing in so Laurel, MD 2070,] (301 )498-5700 many blue flowers. In nature it is said there are forms with yellow or almost white flowers, but I want none of these as long as I have this exquisite type, which grows better in the cool north of Britain than in the south, but nevertheless survives with nimal reasonable contentment on my north-fac Sculpture ing Sussex hillside. A I end with a commoner, Alchemilla mol to odiac lis . It can become a nuisance, for it seeds Sundials! itself abundantly, but I could not do with Z out its wide, scalloped, hairy leaves, which Over 2000 items trap drops of rain or dew to shine like ... over 400 pages jewels in sunlight, and its showers of tiny, ... all now in one chartreuse-green flowers. It mingles mag complete hardcover nificently with that other rambling plant, reference source Campanula poscharskyana, whose long catalog & buyers gUide! sprays of purple-blue flowers marvellously complement those of Alchemilla. This is a The Book of happy combination to clothe any bank of Garden poor soil, or to drape and conceal an ugly wall. Having with immense difficulty sepa "More than a book ofgarden rated the above 10 plants from the many ornament ... clamouring for inclusion, I can sympathize a professional with a famous British nurseryman who once guide for those included in his ,·'ltalogue a list of the 110 who need nearly best alpines. 0 everything under one cover." -Will Ingwersen Send $7.50 (ppd) to: Will Ingwersen has devoted his life to collecting and growing alpines. He is Vice CANTERBURY President of the Royal Horticultural Society, Publishing Co. President of the Alpine Garden Society and P.O. Box 488-AH holds the Royal Horticultural Society Victoria Wilton, CT 06897 Medal of Honour. 8 December 1982 Send for your big new PARK SEED CATALOG Grow Flower and Vegetable High Performers™ You'll get flowers more beautiful and easier to grow; vegetables with better taste and higher yield. We know you will because we garden-test thousands of varieties so those we America's Finest Home Garden Catalog enderse will perform better for you. for 11S years! Grow a great garden with Park High Performersno like Corn 'Butterfruit', Geranium 'Quix', Tomato 'Park's Whopper' and Zinnia 'Big Red'. Be the first to see the best new ~------Please send. absolutely free, my 1983 Park Seed______Flower and I introductions like 'Inca' Marigolds, edible-pod Pea 'Sugar Bon' and Impatiens 'Double I Vegetable Hish Performers'" Catalog. Up'. We've got plenty more - enough to satisfy any gardener's appetite! I Please print 3000 offers on 124 pages; artichokes to zucchini, ageratum to zinnia; bulbs, berries, I Name ______perennials, house plants, garden aids. The rare and unusual plus your favorites. The 1983 Park Seed High Performers™ Catalog ... with color so real you can almost I Address ------ smell the beautiful flowers and taste the luscious vegetables. It's on the way to customers I City ------ now, so join them in growing the best garden you've ever had. I State ------Zip ------e> 1982 Park Seed Co. I Geo. W. PARK SEED Co. , Inc. Geo. W. PARK SEED Co., Inc. 165 Cokes bury Rd., Greenwood, S. C. 29647 I 165 Cokesbury Rd., Greenwood, S. C. 29647 I- STRANGE RELATIVES lHE OUVE FAMllY and in some instances are evergreen. Flow ers are handsome and showy in some gen era such as the lilac, or inconspicuous and small in others; in some, fragrance is a special attraction. The fruit is a drupe in the olive, a winged nutlet in the ash and a berry or capsule in some others. Flowers are tubular and four-lobed or of four sep arate petals. They are borne in clusters. The olive, both wild and cultivated, is common in the Mediterranean region, from whence it has been introduced to other warm climates. This usually small-sized tree has been in cultivation for 4,000 years, chiefly for its fruit, which is remarkably rich in oil and also for the ornamental qualities of its fragrant flower clusters, gray green foliage and gnarled and furrowed bark. It is a major fruit in the Mediter ranean region, where Spain and Italy are the principal producing countries. Com mercial production of olives and olive oil in the United States is limited chiefly to California. The naturally blackish fruits are bitter and unpleasant if eaten raw. After pro cessing, both green and ripe olives add pi quant flavor to many dishes. The oil pressed from the olives is one of the most impor tant food oils in the world and has nu merous other economic uses. Beautiful wood of the olive tree is made into small articles and seeds are carved for rosaries. Ligustrum is a temperate zone gem us, but some species are only marginally hardy, a fact that was especially surprising this last year to ma-ny who had relied on it as a durable evergreen specimen plant or as a hedge. The name is based on a Latin word meaning "to tie," a reference to a use made of its flexible stems. Ligustrum is probably the most com Jasminum officinale IlluStration by Kathleen Crawford mon of nursery-grown plants because it is easily propagated and grows rapidly to sa n Plant Hunting (1927), prominent temperate and tropical regions of the world. leable size at little expense. A near perfect American plant collector E. H. Wilson Although there are only 29 genera and 600 hedge in most parts of the United States, I wrote: "Those who are fond of gar species in it, a study of these plants can it blooms from May through June, de dens may add much to their knowledge of lead you around the world. Begin in your pending upon the species, producing clus geography in both interesting and profit own garden with lilac, forsythia, ligustrum ters of small white flowers followed by able ways by inquiring into the origin of or white ash, and in your kitchen with the black berries. flowers they tend so lovingly." most commercially valuable member of all, The common privet, Ligustrum vulgare, The olive family, Oleaceae, is an engag the olive, Olea europaea. is of European and North African origin. ing group of plants to examine from such Among Oleaceae, leaves are prevailingly It is semi-evergreen with leaves less glossy a perspective. The family is widespread in opposite, mostly without marginal teeth, than other species. Its growth may reach 10 December 1982 15 feet, thus requiring shearing to restrain many in 1906 and was introduced to the its vigor in some situations. Horticultural United States in 1908 by the Arnold forms of this species, of which there are Arboretum. many, are to be preferred to plain L. If in the early spring, at about the same vulgare. time forsythia is gilding the landscape, you California privet, L. ovalifolium, ac may have seen a compact, three-foot shrub tually from japan, is one of the most com with arching branches loaded with white monly grown privets. Though vigorous it blossoms that looks like forsythia, it is not is definitely not as hardy as L. amurense, Amur River privet, or border privet, L. The most commercially obtusifolium, of which the graceful Regal OUTOOOR LlVING-INOOORS! A beautiful insulated valuable member of glass addition for solar collection. hot tub enclosure and privet (L. obtusifolium var. regelianum) is sun·time activities. Bronze finish modular design a variety. Both of those species are hardy Oleaceae is the olive, which provides a wide range of sizes. Exclusive patented PowRVen"·. to USDA Zone 4. has been in cultivation for The Solar Living Space Featured In: From China, japan or Korea comes L. • The 1982 World's Fair, Knoxville, Tennessee 4,000 years. • Can Edison Conservation Home, Briarcliff Manor, N.Y. lucidum, glossy privet, which is much used • U.S. Dept. of Energy Brookhaven House, Upton, N.Y. • Kohler Demonstration House, Kohler, Wisconsin in our southern states. The variegated form, a freak or mutant. This welcome addition CATALOG and TAX CREOIT GUIOE: Send $1 . for 1982 Theme Catalog , price list and tax guide for passive solar leaves bordered in white, is more tender to the early spring scene is Abeliophyllum credits. than the species. About sixteen cultivars distichum, Korean abelia-leaf. After Ko SAMPLE WINDOW KIT: Send $5. lor actual sample of P.P.G. bronze linish aluminum frame and glazing, are offered by nurserymen. Some lists in rea's annexation by japan in 1910 the gov assembly manual, heating guide plus Catalog and tax clude japanese privet, L. japonicum, along ernment undertook a survey of the natural credil guide. with glossy privet. Both species are some resources. This excellent, hardy deciduous times commonly referred to as wax-leaved shrub, found in central Korea in 1919, is .~ GREENHOUSESSEASONS IOI:rURMfg. by Four Seasons Solar Products Corp. privet. one product of that effort. It was intro ~ 910 Route 110, Dept. AH'212. ~ Farmingdale, N.Y. 11735 Forsythia, the golden-bells of China, duced to the United States in 1924 by the ~ IN N.Y. CALL (516) 694·4400 which ushers in our sping season, was Arnold Arboretum and to England in 1932. CALL TOLL FREE 1-800-645-9527 brought from the Orient to Europe in 1844 Deep-purple flower buds form in the au The Energy Saving House 01 the 1982 World's fair '· Knoxvill. Tenn. © 1982 Four Se asons Gree nhou ses by Robert Fortune (1812-1880), the re tumn and open in February or soon there nowned British explorer and plant collec after, transforming the shrub into a mass tor. Its name honors William Forsyth, gar of white blossoms before the leaves emerge. dener to King George II of England. Its small size recommends it for the small Filling the curves of a serpentine wall, garden, and its hardiness is a definite asset trailing down a garden embankment or in any setting. massed in a great expanse of shrub border, Syringa species are deciduous bushes with the slim-stemmed, bare branches of for heavy panicles of four-petaled, tubular sythia are hidden in late winter or very flowers in spring and early summer. Most early spring by thousands of bell-shaped, are very fragrant. These are the lilacs, about four-petalled, golden flowers. Innumera 30 species of plants indigenous to eastern ble cultivars provide variations in shades Asia, the Himalayas and southeastern of yellow and in floriferousness and habit Europe. of growth. The always arching and spread Syringa vulgaris, common lilac, is Per ing branches add grace to the landscape, sian, having been sent from Constanti an attribute too often sacrificed by shear nople to Vienna about 15 60. It soon reached Stokes Seed Catalog Almost 200 pages of delicious vegetables ing to create stylized forms. western Europe and both purple and white and brilliant flowers including the newest As a group, forsythias are hardy in the flowering kinds were growing in London introductions plus all your old favorites. northern United States, although flower by 1597. The huge selection includes more than 9S buds are sometimes killed in severe win Lilacs have changed greatly since S. vul tomato varieties. ters. F. ovata, from Korea, is hardiest; garis was brought to this country by early Accurate descriptions tell you exactly what to expect from each variety. Exact however, it produces fewer flowers than settlers. Many oriental species have been ing temperature and humidity controlled some other species and choice cultivars. F. introduced and common lilac is largely storage of our seed assures you of extra suspensa, with drooping and prostrate passed over in favor of its cultivars, oth€r seed vigor and plant performance. If you stems, and F. viridissima, the least hardy, species and hybrids. The modern gardener demand the maximum performance from are both from China. Older in gardens and has great leeway in selection of lilacs for your garden, plant Stokes Seeds. better known is F. suspensa. F. x inter period of bloom, color of flower or size of SEND TODAY FOR YOUR FREE CATALOG media is a hybrid of these two, better than plant. Lilac enthusiasts sometimes empha either of its parents, with larger and richer size the desirable attributes of French hy STOKES SEEDS colored flowers. F. x intermedia 'Specta brid lilacs. French growers became in 2232 Stokes Bldg, Buffalo, NY 14240 Name ______bilis' is considered by some the best avail volved very early in producing hybrids, but able forsythia for those who have only room actually lilac breeders in Canada, Ger Address ______for one. This cultivar originated in Ger- many and the United States, as well as in ______Zip _ _ _ _ American Horticulturist 11 STRANGE RELATIVES CONT'D France, have, over the years, added im virginicus, better known perhaps as fringe measurably to the potential of this genus. tree, a favorite spring flowering native of For more information on this popular group the eastern United States. It leafs out later of plants see Judith ·Hillstrom's article on in the spring than many trees and then in lilacs in the April, 1982 issue of American June bears seven-inch-Iong loose pendant Horticulturist. panicles of delicate, fringe-like white blos Tea olive and devil-weed are common soms. Usually male and female flowers grow names of the genus Osman thus. Most of on separate plants, the latter producing the 30-40 species in this genus are Asiatic picturesque clusters of grape-like purple or Polynesian; devilwood, O. americanus, fruits attractive to birds. Grown either as is a native of the southeastern United States. a shrub or small tree, its outstanding yel Flowers in this genus are often very fra low fall foliage color, in addition to the Model $998 grant but not necessarily showy. Fruit is a flowers, recommends it to gardeners. Dried Just... . ~:~~~; fleshy drupe. All the tea olives are popular roots of old-man's beard have been put to 40% Tax Credit & State Credits shrubs in warm sections of the United States medicinal use in decoctions for various in America's first producer of solar struc and some are greenhouse grown in the firmities. This American native is taller than tures introduces the best value ever! Handsome bronze aluminum, double North. its Chinese relative, C. retusus, which grows wall insulated, it RUNS ON THE SUN® Most common in cultivation is O. fra to be only 10 to 18 feet tall. Flowers and . . and not much else. Offers you all grans. This evergreen shrub or small tree leaves, too, are smaller on the Chinese fringe the options, to heat or grow, and save you money in every way. All sizes, is native to China, Japan and the Hima tree, which was introduced to the United shatterproof, the only greenhouse in the layas. During the latter part of the 18th States about 100 years ago. The two spe industry with a 5 year warranty. century, many ships sailed regularly from cies are otherwise distinguishable by the SEND $1 FOR COLOR BROCHURE & Great Britain to Canton in China and car fact that on C. retusus the flowers appear A COPY OF RECENT IRS RULING "', ON TAX CREDITS. ried back many plants to England. O. fra on current year's growth, whereas C. vir grans, the sweet or fragrant olive, was ginicus flowers on growth of the previous VEGETABLE FACTORY, INC. P.O. Box 2235, Dept. AH-82 among them. The Chinese add the flowers season. New York, NY 10163 of this plant to tea to perfume it. Clusters Jasminum species, of which there are of these very fragrant white to yellowish about 300, are tropical plants valued for flowers, male and fem ale on separate their fragrant flowers. In their native hab Propagation Breakthrough bushes, are followed by a blue powdery itat they range from Iran to China. o • • _.~. 0 --:-'_'_. • drupe on the female bushes, where male J. multiflorum, star jasmine, is an ev@r . bushes are also present. Sweet olive is gen green vine, bearing clusters of white flow erally hardy from USDA Zone 8 south ers that vary in size and fragrance among .. (1 ().. .r:£"~ •. . .,.. "- ....",. ward and in such mild climates it will grow the several known forms. f~ ~~~"! - 7.r:~~rf~-~f!~~_ -:JJ:t;?(j:~ three to five feet tall. Elsewhere it is a fa J. officinale reached Great Britain about Nothing comes even close to the vorite indoor or greenhouse subject with 1548, being introduced, like the lilacs, along propagation yields, convenience and sweetly fragrant flowers all year. the trade routes. This rambling plant from versatility of Aquamonitor Mist Controls. From Japan we have received O. het Persia and China, the familiar white jas (0 . 1. AQUAMONITOR's sensor is I'llaced in the erophyllus illicifolius), commonly called mine, commonly called poet's jasmine, with cutting seed bed . Its automatic multi-level holly olive or Chinese holly. As its com fragrant flowers in summer, is widely grown mist is unique and unequaled . mon name implies, its lustrous, dark, spiny in southern states as a covering for trellises 2. All system adjustments are at the sensor, handy for " hardening off" You save time, evergreen leaves have caused this species or arbors and is common in frost-free steps and avoid moving plants . to be confused by some with holly. One gardens. 3. Mist blasts can be set for 1/ 10 sec ond up to way of differentiating holly osman thus from J. grandiflorum, from India, is known 100 and more . holly (!lex) is to remember that Osman as Spanish jasmine. More erect than most 4. AQUAMONITOR is exceedingly stable and reliable in or outdoors. The sensor is self thus has opposite leaves (both words be jasmines, its white to pinkish, fragrant clea ned automatica lly. ginning with " 0"); holly leaves are ar flowers are nearly 13/4 inches wide. It is an 5. It costs nothing to install or move. It is pre ranged alternately on the stem. Holly excellent greenhouse plant. wired, pre-plumbed, plug in , pullout, hand fitted and portable. osmanthus produces small, fragrant white J. humile, an Asian species, bears fra 6. It is amazingly easy to operate and adjust. flowers in July that are followed by blue grant yellow blossoms in two- to six-flow Once set, it ca n be left pretty much alone wntil black berries. In structure it is a dense, ered clusters. It, too, is a good greenhouse " hard ening off" . 7. One kit ca n operate a single nozzle or as rotund, vigor 12 December 1982 SPECIAL OFFER For a Limited Time Only flower for flavoring tea as well as for or F. ornus is the only showy species of nament and scent. Fraxinus. Large, dense clusters of fragrant A pink-flowered jasmine is J. bee white flowers open just after the leaves sianum, a climbing shrub from China. The unfold. It is the most common ash in cul BEGONIAS small flowers, singly or three to a cluster, tivation; it is hardy to USDA Zone 6 and The are fragrant. Native to West Africa, with not over 50 feet tall. Known also as manna Complete Reference Guide fragrant flowers opening at night, is J. di ash, a peculiarity of this species is that the by M.L. and E.J. Thompson chotomum, the Goldcoast jasmine. descending sap, when tapped by an inci Another evergreen jasmine that is not sion in the bark, forms a white or yellowish climbing is the frost-tolerant J. mesnyi, mass of sweet, slightly acid syrup known primrose jasmine. It blooms in spring or as "manna." summer with large yellow flowers and is the least hardy of jasmines grown in the The always arching and United States. (USDA Zone 8). In mild sections of this country winter spreading branches of jasmine, J. nudiflorum, blooms nearly all forsythia add grace to the winter; it is hardy from USDA Zone 6 landscape, an attribute too southward and grows in a graceful mounding form, each wandlike strand often sacrificed by shearing wreathed in vibrant yellow flowers. Del to create stylized forms. 9" x 12" 384 pages Over 2450 vanelles icate green leaves unfold after the flowers, Over 850 IlIu slrallons 165 tn color matching the characteristic green stems. It Another small ornamentally attractive Beginner & Advanced Growers is not a true climber, but will hoist itself ash is F. mariesii from China. Smaller and History Illustrated with old up and through the branches of other daintier than F. ornus, it could substitute botanical and horticultural prints. shrubs. It is equally happy growing flat for that species in warmer parts of the Classification Facts and and is ideally suited for growing along the country. characteristics of the 8 groups of begonias ... over 2450 species and top of a wall or bank, its arching branches F. latifolia (F. oregona) is used as a street cultivars. gently cascading down the slope. Every tree in the Pacific Northwest where it is Culture Special needs of the 8 branch that touches the ground roots at native. F. uhdei, Shamel ash, is an ever groups with many step-by-step point of contact. It is another olive family green native of Mexico, hardy in Zone 9 pictures for potting, mixes, staking, pruning, fertilizing, spraying, member included among the plants col and useful as a street or ornamental tree propagating. lected in China by Robert Fortune. in California. Called Hawaiian ash in Ha SRecial Techni!=lues For hanging In the genus Fraxinus we encounter the waii, it is proving successful in reforesta containers, naturalistic growing, timber trees of the olive family. These rapid tion there. hybridizing, terrariums, and the different growing environments: growing shade trees are less important as F. velutina, velvet ash, from southwest window garden. fluorescent light ornamentals than for timber. They are ern United States and adjacent Mexico, is garden, outdoor garden and handsome trees with large compound leaves used locally as a shade tree. Young twigs greenhouse. All books shipped UPS or First Class Mail made up of five to nine leaflets. The flow and leaves of velvet ash are covered with within 2 days after receipt of order. ers are small, greenish or white, without gray down that is not evident on F. velutina petals in all except one species. The fruit var. glabra, the Modesto ash, a tree pop $27.50 is a small winged nutlet, and profuse clus ular in the Southwest and suited to arid Oacket price S37.50) ters are a conspicuous ornament of the regIOns. tree, also making it self-seeding. As we enjoy the bounteous diversity of Mail to: The Thompsons Fraxinus americana, white ash, is a 100- plant life by which we are surrounded, SubSidiary of Millie Thompson. IIa' P.O. Drawer PP to 130-foot native tree of eastern North another reward of gardening is acquaint Southampton. NY 11968 America and is hardy from USDA Zone 4 ance with a plant's native country, its trav Please send an autographed copy of &outhward. Among about 70 ash species, els to our own, and the risk and adventure BEGONIAS for me. I understand that the price of $27.50 (Jacket Price $37.50) in the white ash is most used. Its wood, which in the lives of plant hunters. We are end cludes shipping charges. is light weight, hard and beautifully grained, lessly indebted to the perseverance and in Name is used for oars, baseball bats, toys, farm fallible judgment of plant collectors. Rob Address ______implements, and for manufacture of fur ert Fortune, the Scotsman and collector in niture, both large pieces and delicate work China for the Royal Horticultural Society, or veneers. and E. H. Wilson of the Arnold Arbore F. excelsior, European ash, is widely dis tum, are responsible for the introduction State Zip o Check or money order enclosed. tributed in the northern hemisphere. Like of many ornamentals, especially to tem o Charge to __Visa or __MasterCard the white ash, it is a large tree (the name perate gardens. Representatives of the ol Number Expiration date __ . excelsior means higher) and attains a height ive family are numerous among them. 0 I J I I I I I I I I I " I I I of 130 feet. It does not have the brilliant -Jane Steffey Signature yellow to purple autumn coloring of F. Jane Steffey is the Society'S horticultural Offer is good from Oct. 1 through Jan. 5. 1983. americana. advisor. American Horticulturist 13 American Horticultural Society Seed Christmas is just around the eOI'ner, and the seeds-about 150 in all-ind1:lding choice New Year won't be far behind To gardener,s, trees aftd shrubs, annuals, vegetables and the New Year means the chance te while perennials. Look for 'Main Rock' muskmelol1l, away winter evenings browsim;g through plant pampas gr,ass, mixed species of Ficus to grow catalogs, wffipining priees aftd planning for as house plants, prairie wReflower, 'Spa·rtan the coming season. ¥ancy' ear rots, 'CaIied ornamental eorll, As your catalogs a.rrive, don't forget aft chaste tree, evening primroses and 'Bikini' important beRefit of AH5 membe:rshi~the sh,awflowers, to name a few. Annual Seed Program Be on the lo@ko1:lit for D@nt delay! Send in your Ol~der promptly your 1983 AH5 Seed Ca he Orient has been a major contributor to the diversity of ornamentals in American gardens for years. This region has provided many of the trees that grace our cities, such as the flow ering cherries of our nation's capital, and the plantings of azaleas and camellias that attract masses of tourists to our arboreta. In the next few pages discover just how impor tant is our horticultural debt to Japan. American Horticulturist 15 AN IMPORTANT HERITAGE BY DR. JOHN L. CREECH PRECEDING PAGE: America's love of Japa here is no question that China re comparison to Japanese gardens of much nese plants and landscape design is reflected in ceived plant collectors' greatest at smaller size. this tribute at Huntington Botanical Gardens in tention during the first quarter of It's no wonder that many horticulturists California. ABOVE: Even nurseries, such as this T one in Kyushu, have traditionally taken pains the 20th century, and this interest would believe Japan is where we should direct to display their special collections with an eye have continued were it not for the sub ornamental plant studies for the future. toward design and aesthetics as well as sales. sequent political turmoil there. But when There had been a long period of Chinese Unhappily, the old-style, family-run nurseries one considers the plants in greatest pro influence in the style of gardening prior to that once offered a great diversity of stock within their specialty are fast becoming extinct. RIGHT: fusion in our gardens and parks, Japan is 1636, when Japan closed herself off from The Japanese' love of chrysanthemums has suc actually the main contributor. That small the rest of the world following tremendous cessfully immigrated to this country, as this dis island empire is a treasure house of wild political and social upheaval. Then, during pl ay of Kiku mums at the New York Botanical and cultivated ornamental plants. this period of isolation, called the "natural Garden attests . FAR RIGHT: The serenity of Any observant visitor's first impression history period," the Japanese paid great Japanese gardens is due, in part, to the way in which the landscape is controlled. Trees and of Japan is of its extraordinary wealth of attention to the study and cultivation of shrubs are frequently pruned rather than left to vegetation and the extent to which native native ornamental plants. The natural grow naturally. plants are cultivated as ornamentals. The wealth of plants available, combined with number of known native species of trees great intellectual fervor, resulted in a unique and other higher plants exceeds 5,000, and "horticultural happening." these are distributed over some 950 gen For almost 250 years intensive studies era. Over 10 percent of these species can were undertaken of the natural plant and be found in Japanese nursery catalogs. The animal kingdoms, lasting until the re-es number of cultivated forms of ornamentals tablishment of imperial rule in 1867. is impossible to estimate, but they are le Learned men delved into the natural prod gion. Yet this country is smaller than the ucts of the country, and medicinal gardens state of California. Although we can find arose in all parts of the empire. The me gardens in the eastern United States where dicinal garden at Azabu in Tokyo, for ex as much as 70 percent of the plants used ample, was established in 1661 and was for landscaping are native to Japan, the moved to Koishikawa in 1684 to become range of species is exceedingly limited in the basis of the botanical garden of the 16 December 1982 American Horticulturist 17 Uni versity of Tokyo. Food plants were not inpu (1795). It is unfortunate that so many plants between 1898 and 1955. Similarly, neglected, and numerous studies were con distinct plants that were produced during nurserymen and collectors from private in ducted on plants of potential use during this exciting era no longer exist. Even in stitutions, often on their way to China, times of food scarcity. This, in part, prob the instance of those which survived into paused to do some collecting in Japan. ably accounts for the vast number of native the 20th century additional losses contin One of the lengthiest stays in Japan be plants still used in the Japanese diet. ued, so that today, it has been necessary fore 1900 was that of William S. Clark Ornamental plants did not escape no for the Japanese t 18 December 1982 gai Nursery in 1939. Yet both of these Perhaps the most striking example of LEFT: Japanese gardens often have a limited classes of azaleas had been cultivated in our reluctance to accept Japanese agricul color palette. The design instead emphasizes in all the population centers of Japan for over tural prowess is the fact that our Agri spired combinations of foliage shapes and te-x 250 years. tures. TOP AND ABOVE: Literally hundreds cultural Attache reported on the popular of plants native to Japan now grace:: our gardens. It was not until the series of USDN ity and value of the Durum short-strawed Pictured here are two-Rhododendron 'Hino Longwood collecting trips to Japan in 1956 wheats of Japan in 1874, yet they did not Red' and Adonis amurensis. and 1961 that we appreciated the com make their profound contribution to the plexity of the distFibution of Rhododen "green revolution" until after they were dron japonicum and Camellia japonica in introduced from Japan as the Norin strains the wild. Such information is extrem.ely by Salmon in 1947 (9). important in selecting parental materials In the same manner, we have been slow for breeding for cold ~esistance, flowering to use the Japanese horticultural literature time and color range. We still continue to that spans several centuries. Obviously the uncover new knowledge of plants of Ja language barrier has been a great deter pan, both wild and cultivated, with each rent. Although there is a broad array of additional plant collecting trip. Continued on page 32 American Horticulturist 19 AN AMERICAN PERSPECTIVE BY DON L. JACOBS Because space is a luxury in Japan, gardens are OW often has it b€en said that cost of land is inherent to all gardening especially important. Though designs are labor intensive, parks and public gardens abound. At Americans take for granted what pursuits in Japan. Nevertheless, the Jap right, workers stake iris growing in the Meiji H others have never had? Never has anese' soul is close to nature and this clos€• gardens in Tokyo. this saying been made more dramatically ness is expressed in his gardening, his art, clear to me than on a tour of Japan with his total way of life. Virtually €very citizen the American Horticultural Society last in Japan is a gardener to some degree. His November. There, on the countless islands interest may range from essentially plant that make up the Japanese archipelago, less rock gardens, through €laborate, con live some 117 million people, equaling half densed, stratified scenic gardens, formal the population of the United States. The courtyard gardens, vegetable and con C0untry's total land area is about equal to tainer gardens to the omnipresent bonsai. that of California, but four-fifths of it is Such inherent closeness to th€ environ steep mountain slopes covered with grand ment, and plants in particular, is revealed forests of Cryptomeria, Sawara and Hi in several ways. Japan is well supplied with noki false-cypress, spruce, fir, mapl€, etc. shrines of several religions, and gardens not well suited to residential use. The are associated with each,'to the extent that country's large population occupies the they command much of the time and effort valleys and coastal plains, a total area about of the followers. Parks and public gardens half that of the state of Iowa. To be sure, abound, and they appear always to be the inhabitants are ever inching their way crowded by people of all ages. Guided tours up the slopes and pushing out shore lines, of these places are apparently part of the but no great gains in tillable land or home school curriculum, so uniformly dressed sites can be anticipated in the near futme. stwdents-girls in black dresses, boys in Is it any wonder that space is swch a pre black suits-are encountered in all of them. cious commodity there? Potted plants appear at most apartment Coping with limited space and the high windows and balconies. Small shop own- 20 December 1982 ers often have choice personal plant col ter swept into the brush at the side of the several inches in diameter, balanced like a lections in their shop windows as well as road at a very picturesque overlook above teeter totter below a gentle water fall. It on the walk out front. Many remain un the city of Atami, at Ten-Provence Pass. slowly fills with water, teeters down with disturbed on the walk day and night. The The close association of the Japanese a thump, empties, returns with a thump, only leopard-spotted Rohdea japonica I soul with things of nature is not entirely and repeats, to frighten any browsing deer saw anywhere on the trip was in a mall in unique. Rather, it is their environment and from the garden. But the Japanese garden front of a stocking shop. The shop owner their response to i~ that are unique. More symphony would be unfinished were it not shrugged and walked away in disdain when than 3,000 Japanese islands stretch in a for the bamboo leaves and pine boughs for asked if he would sell it. 1,800 mile arc from Hokkaido in the north the wind to play upon. Further evidence of the bond between to Okinawa in the southwest end of the The finest gardens in Japan use a wide the Japanese and their environment is found Ryukyus. Their climates range from cold variety of native mosses as virtually a com in the flourishing bonsai industry. Prob temperate to tropical-oceanic. Yet, to most plete groundcover. They include hair caps ably nowhere else on earth could an in of the world, "Japan" is the largest island, (Polytrichum) , broom mosses (Dicranum), dustry based on containerized miniature Honshu, which makes up nearly two-thirds Catharinea, white mosses (Leucobryum), landscapes and dwarf trees be developed of Japan's land area and includes Tokyo, and fern mosses (Thuidium). They thrive to such a state. Relatively large nurseries Kyoto, Osaka, Hiroshima and Mt. Fuji. in the moderate climate that is free from produce nothing but bonsai trees. Bonsai Here, as with all but the coral atolls far to summer droughts and are kept attractive containers are available in endless variety the south, the topography is of volcanic by frequent sweeping. All of these genera and sizes at prices from less than a dollar mountains rising quite abruptly from the are well represented throughout the UNited to over $100. Established bonsai are avail sea. These are sneep, but graceful, natu States, but perhaps only the fog belr of able for a few dollars or more than $5,000. rally-contoured and commonly forested to northern California to British Columbia Beautiful small pines and other conifers the summit. They are not like the jagged would sl!lpport such a glIOundcover with with wrapped roots, ready to plant in con rock pinnacles of the Rockies or the Eu comparable lushness. Elsewhere summer tainers, are for sale in front of groC(~ ry ropean Alps. watering would be essential, except in lo stores, fruit stands, in public gardens and The coastal plain around Tokyo Bay is cal seepage or perched water table sites. garden centers. Most are priced below $10. the most extensive flat-land in Japan, and One of the most prominent features The variety of plants used by the Jap here the daily mean temperature averages among Japanese landscape plants is the anese in bonsai art seems limited only by about 38° F lower in January than in July large selection of broadleaved evergreen what is available. The most surprising to (39°/77°). The heaviest rains come from trees and shrubs. Many of these are also me were chrysanthemum bonsai. Since our June to October. November through March extensively planted in our southeastern visit was in November these were being is relatively dry. Much of the year one can states and on the West Coast, but many specially featured. The small-flowered, stand on sun-bathed coasts, feeling the more are relatively unknown here. Some twiggy varieties usecl were in a full range warm moist air, and look inland to the are native to Japan, but many are intro of colors (white, yellow, orange and dark mountains where dense clouds drop their duced from China. Aucuba occurs gen reds). They were trained in erect cones, clear, life-giving loads as the warm ther erously in the wild in Japan, and cultivars erect spreading, cascading or forest groups, mals rise and condense in the cool moun are being developed there as well as in or even projecting from lofty rocky crags tain air. Everywhere are clear streams, wa suitable parts of our country. Mahonia ja with more than a foot of exposed roots terfalls and mossy banks. Where water ponica was abundant everywhere in Japan clinging to the rock faces and stretching penetrates through crevices to hot volcanic although we seldom see it in this country. to the earth below. layers, hot springs are spewed back, to the On the other hane}, we rarely encountered Only since the beginning of the reign of awe and delight of the residents. Mahonia bealei on our tour, one of the the prudent Meiji Emperor in 1868 has Such is the backdrop for Japan's gar most common landscape plants in our the Western World had the opportunity to dens. Their composition includes rocks, Southeast (it even naturalizes). We noted learn from the Japanese and the Japanese sand, sky and water, and a rich variety of many species of Camellia in great numbers from the West. The benefits to both can plants. The rocks are as carefully selected and sizes. Some on the palace grounds in hardly be exaggerated. Virtually by decree, and positioned as the actors in a Holly Tokyo were nearly 30 feet tall with trunks the beloved Meiji outlawed illiteracy and wood film. Sand may be virtually elimi about eight inches in diameter. ignorance and placed a high value on the nated or developed to a major role de The several varieties of teas are included virtues of the arts, science, industrious picting sea or sky, or perhaps, symbolically, in Camellia, and fields of tea are almost creativity and patriotism. To this day his limbo. Water in Japan is seldom stagnant; as abundant as rice paddies in Japan. influence is felt everywhere on these vi it is vibrant and alive with the sounds as Theaceae also includes three other genera brant isles. sociated with dripping, splashing, tum of important evergreen Japanese shrubs. To be sure, perfection is to be strived bling over rocks and waves breaking on They have been much confused in the United for but seldom attained. Although a tre the shore. Water brings not only reflec States. Ternstroemia gymnanthera is one mendous amount of labor is spent weed tions, but also action and sound to the of the Orient's most valued contributions ing, sweeping the mossy lawns, pruning garden, further enhanced by the music of to landscape design throughout Zones 7- trees and shrubs, stripping old pine needles birds attracted by the water and punc 9. It is almost universally (and incorrectly) and twigs, and even sweeping clean the tuaned by popping, sucking and splashing known as Cleyera to nurserymen in our small rocky streams, litter-bugs are at work of koi fish as they chase and voraciously Southeast. This plant is usually encoun even in Japan. Since most sites are clean feed at the water surface. Here we may tered as a shrub under six feet tall and is and well-groomed, it was all the more dis also encounter the rythmic "thump-thump" used for hedges and foundation plantings. concerting to see a trashy collection of drink of a shishi odoshi, a novel device made of It is essentially disease-free and has cop cans, bottles, cigarette packs and other lit- a section of bamboo a few feet lONg and pery, waxy, blunt-tipped, oblanceolate 22 December 1982 leaves up to three inches long and with ABOVE: Temple ga rdens are also numerous in smooth margins. It produces half-inch, Japan. Pictured here is the famous " Samboin" Garden at Oaigoji Temple in Hara, near Osaka. berry-like fruit which begin green, develop LEFT: The form preferred for many trees is not red cheeks and mature orange-gold with left to nature to determine. Here workers hand beautiful red-orange seeds. The foliage turns strip pine needles and unwanted twigs on a tree redder in winter. 'Burgundy' is a cultivar in Ritsurin Park, Takamatsu, to achieve the de that retains its bright foliage well through sired shape. the year. 'Variegata' is a fine, low, com pact, tricolored cultivar. 'Nana' is a small leaved, slow-growing, upright cultivar, about five feet high. Both in this country and in Japan, more vigorous, upright-spec imens, in tn~e-form, are often encountered. There is a specimen over 30 feet tall on an old estate in Savannah, Georgia, and in the Orient the hardwood is valued for fur niture and construction work. The related genera, Cleyera, with about 17 species, and Eurya, with about 70 spe Eurya species are finely-toothed and dark, cies, are abundant and highly valued in glossy green, similar to Sasanqua camel Japan, but are seldom seen in the United lias. They are usually two to three inches States. Boughs of either are commonly used long, and two-ranked in one plane on some in ceremonies in Shinto shrines. Although of the wand-like branches. Leaves of Cley these three genera are often confused, they era japonica are essentially toothless, lighter are quite distinct. The berry-like fruits of green, longer and more tapered (five by the species of Cleyera and Eurya most fre one inches). 'Tricolor' is a graceful var quently cultivated are black and only about iegated cultivar of this desirable species. one-fourth inch in diameter. The leaves of Continued on page 38 American Horticulturis t 23 BY DR. ROBERT E. LYONS 24 December 1982 lthough their kinship may not im flowers described by an earl y botanist (the a sensa ti on in England and was hail ed as mediately be apparent, Cyclamen peach tree is, significantly, Prunus per "a break from whence we may expect great Aspecies are members of the Pri sica ), or the individual who gave the plant things." (The History of the Persian Cy mulaceae, or primrose family, putting them the name persicum may have erroneously clam en, H . Veenman and Z onen. The in company with the true primroses, Pri thought the pl ant he was looking at came Netherl ands.) The predi cti on nea red real mula spp., the shooting-star, Dodecatheon from Persia. The actual acquisition of a ity when 'Giganteum compactum. Mag meadia, and the loostrifes, Lysimachia spp. botanical name is never a simple process, nificum' was released in 1877. There are about 15 species of Cyclamen and the confusion these names often create This new type was heralded as being t'ar found throughout both the northern and is understandable, especially for those re superi or by virtue of its compactness. Un southern Mediterranean countries and east searching the earliest reports of a partic fortunately, the breeding reco rds of the through the Greek islands, Syri a and Iran. ular plant. o ri gin al 'Giga nteum' types are not avail All of the species are perennials in their In addition to the scientific descriptions able, but an in credible ch ance duplicati on native habitat, although in our climate some by botanists, herbals a re important to of th ose events in the 20th century may are hardy and some are not. completing the overall picture of a plant's explain the appea rance of those first large The foliage of these attractive plants is history by revealing reputed medicinal fl ower types, despite the lack of records. very variable, even within a single species; qualities. The cyclamen has been reported As the story goes, a horticulture lab in the leaves may range from circular to heart to heal spleen ailments and prevent pre Netherlands coll ected a wild plant and self shaped with margins ranging from smooth mature births. Its reputed aphrodisiac pollinated the fl owers. The subsequent seeds to jagged. Generally, the leaves are at qualities, however, played second fiddl e to were sown and grown to maturity, at which tractively blotched or marbled with sil ver, many other plants thought to be more re time the flowers were twice as large as the and the patterns may vary drasticall y from li able in this respect. typica l parent pl ant's. plant to plant. This is especiall y true in the C. persicum is a native of Lebanon, Sy ria, By 1907 th ese large r-flowered cyclamen case of the popular florists' cyclamen, C. the Sinai peninsula and Turkey, where it were ava il able in salmon, true red and bi persicum, as anyone who has examined blooms during the cool, moist winters and colors, with crested, double, frilled and specimens growing on a greenhouse bench di es back to its corm-like tuber at the ad frin ged petals. In fac t, numerous vari eti es will know. The familiar flowers of these vent of the hot, dry summer. The tuber developed at the turn of the century re main plants range from white to various shades functions as the plant's fo od storage organ popular today (e.g. ' Rosa of Zehl endorf', of pink to red, and several of the species during the most stressful part of the year 'Perl e of Zehlendorf', and 'Rococo'. have fragrant blooms. The different spe just as the roots, corms, bulbs and tubers Due to the continued efforts of the Eu cies of cyclamen may bloom during the of our familiar perennials function as over ropeans there are now many new cultivars autumn, winter or spring, and the blooms wintering food storage. In both cases these of cyclamen that bloom early, grow com may appear either before or after the ap organs are the plant's key to survival . pactly, display an abundance of flowers pearance of the full complement of foli age. C. persicum has been cultivated for well and, in some cases, are quite miniature. The florists' cyclamen, decidedly the most over 250 years. By the ea rly eighteenth The easiest way to enjoy cyclamen in the well-known member of this genus, is not century it was available in the florist trade, home is to buy a mature, blooming plant. of hybrid origin as one might suspect. In but it did not become popular until 1850. Bright, indirect light, regular fertilization stead, it is the result of decades of intensive Individual plants were very expensive since with a complete formula and, above all, a cultivation of a single species, the product a " rest period," which simulated the nat constantly moist root environment con of generation after generation of careful ural summer climate, was included in the tribute to optimum plant health. selection among plants grown from seed. production schedule. This time-consuming Starting cyclamen from seed can be chal Cyclamen persicum, as it is known to practice often resulted in a 2 Vz-year lapse lenging, generally requiring more than a day, has had many different scientific and from sowing seed to flowering. Later that year of waiting before the plant reaches common names throughout its long his same century the rest period was elimi the flowering stage. Since the tubers of a tory. Before genus names became com nated and the growth cycle was shortened cyclamen do not produce offsets, growing monly used Persian violet, now a common to 15 months, but approximately 75 more plants from seed is the only way these plants name for Exacum affine, another popular years would pass before additional cul can be propagated. Purchase seed from one florist plant, and sowebreade, or the Latin tural improvements were made that al of the companies in the Sources Section on equivalent Panis porcinus, were popular lowed the growth cycle to be shortened to ·page 39, or try pollinating one of your own names. C. persicum has also been called eight months. plants. You will need to hand-pollinate the . C. indicum and C. vernale. Contrary to its At the same time, cyclamen fanciers were flowers with a brush, since the pot plant name, it has never been found naturally in devoting much time to flower improve cultivars do not set seed readily. Persia (modern-day Iran), although as a ment. By 1853, major efforts by the French All the cyclamen species, except C. per native of the eastern Mediterranean it grew produced, in addition to the original pink sicum and its cultivars, exhibit an inter in countries that once were part of the hues, shades of lilac, rose, purple and the esting characteristic when they set seed ancient Persian empire. In the October 1949 colors in-between. The flower size re the flower stalk neatly coils back beneath issue of The National Horticulture Mag mained small (usually no greater than 1 the leaves to the base of the plant. The azine W. C. Blasdale offered explanations liz-inches in length), similar to that of the coiling action seems to aid in seed dispersal for the origin of the species name and the native species, but the base of the petal by ants, which are thought to be attracted rationale for its use. Persicum may actually was broader and less twisted. The first large by a sweet exudate. The flower stalks of be a corrupted form of another species flowered forms, much like our present-day C. persicum remain above the foliage where name, puniceum, incorrectly applied to the varieties, became available under the names they bend and twist haphazardly. It is puz plant and also a disputed name in itself. 'Giganteum', 'Universum', 'Unicum' and zling, however, that even though this spe- It also could refer to the peach-colored 'Splendens' by 1870. 'Giganteum' created Continued on page 41 American Horticulturist 25 ABOVE: Designs of many styles and periods happily co-exist in the gardens at Barnsley House. Through a rose-vine arch adjacent to an 18th-century Gothic summerhouse is a small garden dominated by a modern fountain sculpture. RIGHT: At the rear of the house, built in 1697, the garden begins with an expanse of lawn framed by herbaceous borders. 26 December 1982 Barnsley House BY LORRAINE BURGESS garden, to be beautiful, must be some and beautifully landscaped, but the rose-red and metallic brick and twice-used loved," believes Rosemary Verey, real focus of the garden is to its rear. Here stone blocks. The resulting path is pleasant A owner of Barnsley House in Glou the garden is screened from roadside traffic, and attractive. Because of the strong design cestershire, England. Hers is a friendly ad convenient to view from upstairs windows of individual beds the pattern remains in monition based on personal experience, and accessible from ground floor rooms tact even after the crops have been har for she has been the prime renovator and of the fine old mansion. vested and the soil stands bare. garden designer of the grounds at Barnsley A broad green lawn bordered by her Other new features include a lily pool, House. She has also made her mark as a baceous plants mingling with flowering an Elizabethan knot garden, a tree tunnel garden writer. Gardeners in this country shrubs is the focus of one area. Mrs. Verey and a pleached corridor of linden trees. will recognize her as the editor, along with has given special attention to flower com Most striking, perhaps, is the tree tun Alvilde Les-Milnes, of the extremely pop binations and exciting leaf textures. It is nel, which she planted, nurtured and trained ular book, The Englishwoman's Garden. her boast that "every inch of ground in to a thing of beauty. It is so striking that Mrs. Verey became a gardener about 20 the beds is covered." a photograph of it was chosen to adorn years ago, when she decided the time was A wide gate in the high, rear walls leads the book jacket of The Englishwoman's right to begin renovating and improving to the vegetable gardens, but even here Garden. Twenty-foot-high trees parallel a the grounds at her family's home. The house nothing is solely utilitarian. The plots are carefully laid path of flintstones. The trees itself, a charming structure of Cotswold laid out in what Mrs. Verey calls "a pat are Laburnum X watereri 'Vossii', a hy stone, was built in 1697. An addition was terned potage." She uses unusual vegeta brid that produces longer, narrower ra made in 1830. Around it, gardens had been bles and gives special attention to leaf tex cemes than the common variety of golden plotted and an impressive eight-foot-high tures and plant design. Salad greens are chain tree. In early spring the new foliage wall of Cotswold stone had been con not planted in rows but rather into dia provides delicate beauty, beneath which structed to enclose the area. These existing mond shapes as a series of central accents. red and white tulips add color. In early buildings, walls and garden beds provided A very old cast-iron urn is the focus of a summer bright-yellow flower clusters on her with departure points for her design. circular bed. Even the pathways are paved the trees are particularly handsome. Un Today, the front of the house is hand- in an unusual way with a mix of salvaged der-plantings include Spanish bluebells, American Horticulturist 27 Golden chain trees, planted by the owner and now 20 feet high, form a tree tunnel in one corner of the garden. In spring underplantings of tulips add color. RIGHT: Tubs filled with seasonal flowers line the terrace at the rear of the house. 28 December 1982 golden balm (Melissa) or Allium aflatu styles and periods exist, but never a con lent vitality to an aging garden plot and nense. tradiction. Prominent along one outside has done wonders for the land. She de Another outstanding feature of the gar wall is a delightfully modern fountain, a serves all the incidental pleasures she has den is the pleached corridor of large-leaved sculptural piece of two sheep, either ramp reaped. linden trees, Tilia platyphyllos 'Rubra'. ant or in fond embrace, perhaps commem One such pleasure was surely the honor These are planted on either side of another orating the region's traditional farming of having her library terrace garden view attractive garden path and each circled with industry. chosen as the photographic subject for a a base of groundcover. The trees are In another area of the grounds tribute widely-distributed poster announcing a trimmed to a uniform box shape about is paid to a much earlier style of garden national exhibit at the Victoria and Albert six feet high. At the end of this long vista design. A knot garden made of rosemary Museum. The exhibit commemorated a a tall, dark-green cypress serves as a hedges and interlacing threads of different thousand years of gardening in England- terminus. types of box adds a touch of formality to 20 of which Rosemary Verey has admir A matter of great pride in the Barnsley her eclectic design scheme. In The Eng ably put to good use. garden are the two summerhouses, both lishwoman's Garden she explains her fas of which date back to 1770. One structure cination with this formal approach: "In Travelers to England will be pleased to is of classical style, having been moved in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries the know that the Barnsley House gardens are by the Vereys from nearby Fairford Park design was of tremendous importance for open to the public every Wednesday from to rest before a pre-existing reflecting pool. there were many less plants to use, in fact 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. and on the first Sundays The other summerhouse is Gothic, built at formality and design were essential. Bor of May, June and July, or by appointment. Barnsley House about the same time as the ders as we think of them only came about The telephone number is Bibury (028574) high Cotswold stone garden wall. Today with the availability and introduction of 281. 0 the building is arched with sturdy rose vines plant material." Lorraine Burgess is a frequent contributor to and serves as an entry point in the garden Today Barnsley House is a true delight, American Horticulturist. She is the author of plan. prospering in the hands of a knowing gar the recently published book, Garden Art Within the garden itself designs of many den-maker. Mrs. Verey's 20-year effort has (Walker & Co.) . American Horticulturist 29 Mini-Flora ® Roses BY JUDY POWELL 30 December 1982 confess to being one of those people Flora® to be developed and has been on do, or make your own using one- half each for whom roses hold little allure. The the market a couple of years. Williams, in by volume of o rganic matter such as peat I flowers are lovely, but other fl owers fact, is the o ri ginator of th e concept of moss, and perlite, vermi culite or sharp are lovelier, and a rose bush without fl ow Mini-Flora® roses. 'Pati o Patty' is a fra builder's sand. Arrange the roses in masses ers has no charm for me at all. Imagine grant, creamy rose, tinted rouge, with two in tubs along a walk or beside an entrance, my surprise, then, when I discovered that inch blooms. The plant can reach a height put them in identical pots to form a dec the little shrub I was admiring at a special of 24 inches. 'Amber Flash' grows to a orative border at the edge of a deck or a nursery display recently was a rose bush! height of 20 inches and has large blossoms swimming pool. If yo u're a city dwell er, In a raised bed containing a va ri ery of dwarf in a ye ll ow-orange blend. 'Astra' has pink, put them in window boxes or along the shrubs was one plant that had a pleasing dogwood-like blossoms and is especiall y railing of a hi gh-rise patio. mound shape, attractive green foliage and low-growing, reaching a height of only Because of their parentage, these roses dainty but prolific yellow flowers. a bout 12 inches and a breadth of 18. are very hardy and ca n withstand winter This bedding plant turned out to be one 'S tardance' is a lovely white rose with large temperatures outdoors wheth er planted in of several cultivars of a new group of roses ye ll ow centers. It is a vigorous grower and containers or in the ground. In the ground, called Mini-Floras®. They are sure to ap will reach 24 inches in height. Mini-Floras® can be used the way any de peal to gardeners who previously have been Two other cultivars, 'Orange Sunblaze' ciduo us shrub is used in the landscape. I lukewarm on roses or have had little space and 'Scarl et Sunblaze', have glossy, deep think the yell ow rypes are especiall y at for them, and to florists who are looking green fo li age and non-fading flowers in tractive in a grouping with other small for a flowering pot plant to sell during the brilliant orange and scarlet. Both grow to shrubs, especiall y ones with variegated slow winter months. heights of between 15 and 18 inches. These fo li age. Mini-Floras®, as their name implies, are were developed by the famous House of Potted plants can be removed from their a cross between miniature and fl oribunda Meilland of Antibes, France. Another cul contain ers and planted in the ground any roses. They are heartier than most roses tivar in this group, 'Yellow Sunblaze', will time. Feed them monthly with 5-10-5 or because of this parentage and, to my mind, also be available, although it is not a Meil prepared rose food from pruning time to have the best characteristics of both: like land contribution. two months before frost. Sp ray with any their miniature parent, their size all ows Home gardeners will be able to buy a ll good, all -purpose rose spray every 10 to them to be more versatile in a planting these Mini-Fl oras® for the first time this 14 days to ward off black spot, mildew, scheme; like their floribunda parent, their spring at nurseries or florists' shops. They rust and insects. Happily, Mini-Floras® flowers are large and abundant. They do will be sold ready to bloom in containers. seem to be less disease susceptible than beautifully as edging or bedding plants, as Cultural requirements are simple, but Wi l other roses. Prune them once a year in early I discovered, but they also thrive in con liams offers this tip for those who buy spring. Williams suggests that the roses be tainers (s ix- or eight-inch pots), which hothouse-grown Mini-Floras®: " All min cut back in mid-August as well to stimul ate makes them suitable for a patio garden as iature-type roses whi ch have been prop a mass of fa ll blooms if the fall climate well. Their average height is 12 to 18 inches agated and grown under ' hi gh' culture will allows. He also suggests that roses left out (some can reach 24 inches), and they have have an adjustment period-leaves wi ll doors during the summer but returned to 11/2- to two-inch blooms, which appear in yellow, etc. Don't assume the plant is the house in winter be pruned back in th e abundance every 32-38 days under normal dead. Be patient. Prune down at least a third late fall to encourage a new cycle of bl oom care; in all, five blooming series are pos of its height when it has finished bloom in February. sible before they go into dormancy. ing. The plant will immediately put out Mini-Floras® also make good indoor pot Roses have been used as bedding plants new growth that's adjusted to its new plants. They will bloom under most con in the past, and rose fanciers have also environment." ditions indoors but prefer strong sunlight grown them in containers. What is new Nursery-grown plants will fare better (a southern exposure). They will rebloom about these Mini-Floras®, however, is that outdoors from the start. They will be sold for extended periods if given 16 hours of they have been hybridized just for these in pots with adequate soil and fertilizer to fluorescent li ght a day. They need plenty purposes, and it will be the first time this sufficiently mainta in several cycles of of humidity, which is often difficult to rype of rose will have been bred to sell in bloom-under normal conditions. achieve in a house during winter unless this country. In what has become an all If you choose to keep your Mini-Floras® you mist them regul arly or place them on too familiar refrain, " Europe has grown in containers for the patio or deck, insul ate a tray of pebbles and water. Also be sure them for years." the containers to prevent the plant from to water pots frequently to offset the warm There are seven cultivars in the series. drying out. Williams suggests putting one dry conditions of a ho use in winter. Rose hybridizer J. Benjamin Williams of container within another and filling the Mini-Floras® will make it possible to use Silver Springs, Maryland, has contributed space with sphagnum moss or potting soil roses in a number of new ways in the house 'Patio Patty', 'Amber Flash', 'Astra' and to help retain moisture. Water the lin er or garden. As these types Qecome more 'Stardance'. 'Patio Patry' was the first Mini- and be sure both pots have drainage holes. popular, rose breeders are sure to deve lop Put potted roses on a pati o or deck where new strains, thus increasing the va ri ety and ABOVE: Mini-Floras® grouped in pots make they will get about six hours of sunlight, availability of stock. Also in the offing are attractive plantings on a terrace. From left to and water frequently. Use a liquid ferti plans to develop hanging basket and creep right beneath a tree standard backdrop are lizer, and feed at half the label strength ing types, as well as tree roses grafted on 'Yellow Sunblaze', 'Orange Sunblaze', 'Amber twice as often as recommended. 18-inch standards for pot culture. 0 Flash', 'Stardance' and 'Astra'. LEFT: The Pot Mini-Floras® in rich, well-drained dogwood-like blossoms of 'Astra' and the Judy Powell is the editor of American snowy white blooms of 'Stardance'. soil. Any good packaged potting soil will Horticulturist Magazine. American Horticulturist 31 AN IMPORTANT PLANT HERITAGE CONT'D from page 19 Japanese books in collections in this coun try, they are not readily available to most horticulturists. For a long time there seemed to be no interest in the horticultural and landscaping arts so peculiar to Japan. How many professionals can recall any degree of mention of Japanese horticulture in their academic training? But with the occupa tion of Japan after WW II, there arose a new and enduring interest in this subject. Flower arranging, bonsai and Japanese gardens attracted considerable interest among the military and diplomatic people stationed in Japan. It is an interesting com mentary that a style of horticultural art restricted to the samurai and noble classes of Tokugawa, Japan received its greatest attention in the United States through their modern American counterparts who oc cupied their country. This post WW II in terest in Japanese plants is yet another in centive to better understand the foundations of Japanese horticulture and make even more provisions for students to study there. We need to move quickly in this direc tion. Post WW II recollections of Japan are dimming, and there is a trend toward western-style commercial horticulture in Japanese maples have become favorite ornamental trees in American landscapes. This specimen Japan. The traditional Japanese nursery was photographed in the Meiji gardens in Tokyo. has always been small, and the families tended to congregate into specialized com tifully illustrated in color. On another oc varieties will be accommodated. A further munities- mainly Angyo, north of Tokyo; casion, we visited a grower of Ardisia ja distraction is the arrival of the garden cen Ikeda, near Kobe; the vicinity of Kurume; ponica who grows 57 cultivars of this ter with shipped-in plants and packaged and around Nagoya. These nurseries con popular natural history period plant. In merchandise. At the old Akashi nursery sist of hundreds of small patches of indi this case, the cultivars are described and site where Wilson collected the Kurume vidual plants, each block owned by a single illustrated in a contemporary Japanese azaleas, a modern garden center has re nursery family. Every nurseryman became horticultural periodical. But in either case, placed the nursery. In 1976, when we asked a specialist following methods handed down it is unlikely that American horticulturists to see the guest book that Wilson signed by his father. Many of the plants now grown will encounter these publications. Simi in 1914 and which I had signed in 1955, are described only in handwritten lists or larly, Psilotum (a primitive fern relative) no one seemed to know or care about this elaborate calligraphic manuscripts, some achieved great popularity, and hundreds small point in horticultural history. dating back to the natural history period. of bizarre forms were cultivated and de Older nurseries are under particular The present day owner may train exactly scribed in wood-block prints. When I sought threat from urban sprawl and super-high the same specimens as did prior genera these in 1956, there were scarcely a dozen way construction. This is particularly no tions, particularly black pines and maples. varieties in the hands of a few growers. ticeable in the Angyo region where great I recall visiting one such small nursery The point I want to make here is that highways to the north are being developed. near Angyo specializing in Adonis amu for every native plant in the hands of the When David Fairchild visited Japan in 1902, rensis. This is a typical "natural history skilled Japanese horticulturist a bewilder he emphasized that those who appreciated period" plant. Fukuju-so, as it is known ing array of unique variants arose, often how well Japanese plants thrive in America in Japan, is given at the New Year as a selected for characteristics that would be would find new forms and get new ideas symbol of prosperity because of its bright obscure to the casual observer. from a visit to the nursery regions ofJapan. yellow flowers. Once there were more than As we now know, many of these forms But this had better be soon or the new 250 cultivars in this nursery, but now the no longer exist and this loss of cultivars is ideas will be mostly Western. owner grows no more than 20. He is pres certain to continue. The Japanese nursery We can expand our knowledge of Jap ently engrossed in the culture of American industry is changing due to economics and anese horticulture in several ways. Modern cultivars of Oriental magnolia hybrids, opportunities for export. Large coopera Japanese books often have English sum which he propagates with ease. He laid tives have been formed, in one instance maries; others are written in both Japanese out on the straw mats of his farmhouse a producing over 36 million small plants an and English. A good example is the five volume of folded pages several feet long nually. Obviously under such a system only volume series of technical illustrations of displaying 46 old types of fukuju-so, beau- the most popular and readily propagated important Japanese trees (5). Since the 32 December 1982 Enjoy WATER-LILIES interpretation of tree is rather liberal, a number of familiar horticultural species In your own garden. are included. The descriptions are in both Japanese and English, and although that Lilypons catalogue portion of the text relating to the distri bution maps is only in Japanese, this is not features everything a serious defect. Anyone studying Japanese needed for your plants should have access to this series. garden pool, Likewise, Ohwi's Flora of Japan is the including the pool. English counterpart to the original Japa nese edition (8) and is considered to be more extensive. It is, in fact, the only com prehensive flora of Japan in English. Lilypons Water Gardens Many classical books written in early ~------style are being reprinted with modern Jap LILYPONS WATER GARDENS anese supplements since the younger Jap WATER-LILIES 1512 Amhort Road 1512 LUypons Road anese cannot read the old characters read LUypons, Maryland 21717 Brookshire, Texas 77423 ily. There is no reason why similar English Fiberglass garden pools, (301) 874·5133 (713) 934·8525 supplements to the most important ones Lotus, aquatic plants, YES, Please send me the new colorful Lilypons catalog. I enclose g2.50 could not be prepared. For example, the Filters, pumps, lights five volumes on azaleas, Kinshu Makura, PVC pool liners, sweeps Name______written in 1692, have been reprinted in Statuary, books, koi (Please prInt) Japan with a modern supplement. We are Goldfish, scavengers Address ______now in the process of preparing an English Send $2.50 for catalog. C ity supplement. It should be of interest to azalea State ______enthusiasts because it dates many current ZIp ______varieties and illustrates flower forms of value to plant breeders. ~------~I ______------We must continue our plant collecting efforts for both wild and cultivated trees AUTOMATIC VENTILATION and other plants. Fortunately, there is no serious threat to most wilderness areas of Japan because the entire population is con servation-minded and has historically understood the value of their natural areas. THERMOFOR automatically controls hinged windows as heavy as 30 lb. Desirable characteristics are constantly to maintain the temperature required. It will lift a full 12 inches, or hold being discovered in seed populations from part way open as necessary. recent Japan explorations, including pest resistance and improved range of adap • You can go away with no worry tation. One of the best illustrations of this about sudden weather changes. trend is the discovery of powdery mildew • Power failures have no effect - resistance in collections of Lagerstroemia electric power is not used. fauriei that I first introduced into culti • Your plants thrive with closer temperature control. vation from Yakushima during the USDA! The SELECT model - best for Longwood exploration of 1956. This spe greenhouses because it takes only 2 inches headroom. Clamp-on attachments cies has been used with great success in simplify installation on metal houses. crosses with the common crape myrtle at Ask for FREE PLANS to make your the National Arboretum. own CAREFREE COLD FRAME. Start There are some excellent technical aids now and enjoy fresh salad crops right dealing with plant distribution in Japan. into winter - and be ready for an early start in your garden next spring. One of these is the publication by Nut tonson (7) on Japan's vegetation and cli The SOVEREIGN model - best for BRAMEN CO., INC., 20 New Derby St., cold frames because it's readily P.O.Box 70-AA Salem, Mass. 01970 matic analogues in North America. Armed disconnected ami re-connected. The Please send full information about frame can opened fully at any time. o with such materials, we need to explore be THERMOFOR controllers each significant species throughout its nat [1 Please include FREE PlANS for ural distribution in Japan. Because Japan making my own CAREFREE COLD No wiring! Easily installed on FRAME. is linearly disposed over only 1,500 miles, any greenhouse vent-top or Name ______a great opportunity exists to do this. The side-or on any cold frame . Ad~~ ______validity of this procedure can be demon strated by the decumbent Aucuba japonica American Horticulturist 33 AN IMPORTANT PLANT HERITAGE CONT'D var. borealis, native to northern Honshu kyu Islands and the range is extended into only superficially from a breeding stand and Hokkaido. Because of its habit, this the tropics by 700 miles to the 24th par point. We need to better understand the variety takes the species much farther north allel. A latitudinal comparison of Japan natural variability of Japanese plant spe than the normal upright plant. It has proved and North America reveals that the north cies and the extent that they have been used sufficiently stable and hardier than the spe ernmost parts ot' Japan equate to Maine during so long a horticultural history. A cies so that collections I made in Hokkaido and New York, while the southernmost vast array of horticultural forms developed in 1961 have become a useful, low-grow in old Japan has been lost, and with the ing, broad-leaved evergreen for landscape Fortunately, there is no changes in modern technology and west use. We now appreciate that Cryptomeria serious threat to most ern horticultural practices, this may con japonica comes in at least four geograph tinue. Young American horticulturists still ical races related either to the moist, high wilderness areas of Japan have opportunities to become knowledge snowfall regions of]apan Sea or the sunny, because the entire able in this classical field. They need to be dry winters found on the Pacific Ocean population is conservation given an opportunity to undertake re side of Honshu. We are aware from ex search, plant collecting and academic study tensive collections of Rhododendron ja minded and has historically in Japan. 0 ponicum I gathered in this precise manner understood the value of that populations from its extreme southern Dr. John L. Creech is a world-famous plant their natural areas. explorer and retired Director of the United station in Kyushu differ markedly in range States National Arboretum. This article was of flower color from those at the north part of Kyushu is in line with Florida, Al adapted from Dr. Creech's B. Y. Morrison ernmost end of Honshu and that this may abama and Georgia. In between are many Memorial Lecture, given at the Society'S be correlated with hardiness. The fact th at localities with analagous climates as es Annual Meeting in Boston last yea r. Rhododendron kaempferi, one of the most tablished by Nutonson using a comparison useful Japanese species, occurs from the of total climatic data. There are many ex REFERENCES sea level paddies of Kyushu to alpine bogs amples of related species in Japan and the 1. Bartlett, H. H . and H. Shohara. 1961. in Hokkaido must be taken into account eastern part of the United States that bear Japanese Botany during the Period of in any serious breeding program. out this analogy, especially when culti Woodblock Printing. The Asa Gray Bulletin N.S. 3-4: 289-561. The daylily is an interesting case in point. vated in their counterpart climates. For 2. Bohmer, Louis. 1875. Report of a There are several species of Hemerocallis example, we have Cornus florida in the Botanical Journey in Yesso in 1874. Tokio described for Japan and these are distrib eastern United States and C. kousa in Ja 3. Graf, H. E. 1949. The Early Impact of uted from Kyushu to Hokkaido and be pan. C. kousa grows extremely well here Japan on American Agriculture. Agri. History 23: 96-110. _ yond. The earliest flowering is in May but in the East and compliments its American 4. Klose, N. 1950. America's Crop Heritage. most bloom in June through August. In relative by flowering a month later. Pach The Iowa State Coll ege Press. Ames. 150 southern Shikoku, Hemerocallis littorea ysandra procumbens is native to Appala pp. from Cape Ashizuri does not begin to flower chia and P. terminalis to the mountains of 5. Kurata, S. 1971. Illustrated Important until October and continues until Decem Honshu and is, of course, one of our most Forest Trees of Japan. Vol. 1, 2nd Ed. 331 pp.; Vol 2, 2nd Ed. 1974.; Vol. 3. 1971. ber. This Cape is decidedly a warm-tem useful groundcovers. But it is particularly Vol. 4. 1973.; Vol. 5. 1976. Tokyo. perate environment. When pl ants I col interesting to me to see how the wild azalea, 6. Manks, D. 1967. Origins of American lected were cultivated at the National Rhododendron bakeri, grows on Gregory Horticulture. Plants and Gardens 23, No. Arboretum, H. littorea flowered at pre Bald in western North Carolina exactly as 3:1-89. 7. Nuttonson, M. Y. 1951. Ecological Crop cisely the same time as in Japan. As a con its counterparts do on the eroded volcanic Geography and Field Practices in Japan, sequence, it is a most useful species for cones (daira) of southern Japan, even Japan's Natural Vegetation and Agro breeding. But to the best of my knowledge evolving similar series of natural hybrids. climatic Analogues in North America. no other foreign collector has visited this If we examine the counterpart station cli American Institute of Crop Ecology. remote locality since my visit in 1956. It matalogical tables prepared by Nuttonson, Washington, D.C. 213 pp. 8. Ohwi, J. 1965. Flora of Japan. is well worth the attention of future col we find that the two localities have pre Smithsonian Institution. Washington, D.C. lectors investigating Japanese pl ants. Be cisely the same climates. 1067 pp. cause of my years of field experience in In summary, Japan is a remarkable re 9. Reitz, L. P. 1976. Improving Germplasm Japan and the increasing background of source for ornamental plants, both as a Resources. Amer. Soc. Agron. Pub. 26. 10. Sansom, G. 1963. A. History of Japan, resource information, I am convinced that result of its natural wealth of species and 1615-1867. Stanford Univ. Press. Stanford. nowhere else do we have so unique a plant the impact of historical circumstances on 258 pp. collecting situation in relation to orna the use of these resources. Many Japanese 11. Shirai, M. 1926. A Brief History of mental plant improvement in the United species and cultivated forms have been in Botany in O ld Japan. In : Scientific Japan, Pas t and Present, Pan-Pacific Science States as we do in Japan. troduced already, but this is only the tip Congress Chapter X:213-227. Tokyo. Again, we must turn our attention to of the iceberg. Opportunities exist for 12. Su tton, S. B. 1970. Charles Sprague the fact that Japanese plants are easil y American students to make an impact on Sargent and the Arnold Arboretum. adapted to the cultural environment of a the use and improvement of earlier intro Harvard Univ. Press. Cambridge. 382 pp. significant portion of the United States. ductions through study in Japanese insti 13. Thompson, E. M. 1882. Diary-Cape Merchant In the English Factory In Japan- Japan proper is a mountainous and hilly tutions. Many remote areas of Japan have 1615-1622. The Haklu yt Society. Vol. I. country extending from the 31st parallel been visited perhaps only once by Amer 349 pp. (Reprinted by Burt Franklyn, New to the 45th parrallel. Add to this the Ryu- ican collectors, and many species are known York). 34 December 1982 Order By Mail with Satisfaction Guaranteed ... Luxurious, lush, plush ground cover BooK REVIEWS lovely flowering perennials, trees and shrubs are available to bargain con scious gardeners through the free Spring Hill catalog. The professional NORTH AMERICAN HORTICUL Spring Hill nurserymen have created TURE - A REFERENCE GUIDE. some of the frnest blooming varieties Compiled by the American Horticulture to be seen far and wide. Each plant, Society. Charles Scribner's Sons. New tree or shrub ordered from Spring Hill York, New York . 1982.367 pages; Nurseries is individually selected and hardcover, $50.00. AHS discount price evaluated. Packed carefully for safe until January 1, $45.00 including shipment, each order is sent to you at postage and handling. the best planting time and guaranteed This newly produced directory of horti to grow. There's no risk when you cultural organizations is not only up-to order from Spring Hill. Satisfaction date, but also covers more aspects of hor is guaranteed 100%. You may select ticulture than any previously published these money-saving values by leafrng work of this sort. In addition to the usual through the over 60 fact-fIlled, in names and addresses of national and spe formative, full color pages of the free cialty plant and garden societies, the list Spring Hill Catalog. A special bonus ings include scholarly organizations, gar of 6 unusual and spectacular gladioli den centers, conservation organizations, registration authorities, government pro will be sent free with your first order grams, educational institutions, botanical from the catalog. To receive your free libraries, herbaria, gardens open to the catalog write Spring Hill Nurseries, Dept. N 608X, 6523 N. Galena Road, public, test gardens, flower shows and a introduced pl ants that will grow under the Peoria, IL 61632. list of record trees, vegetables, fruits and natural conditions of the dry Cali forn ia flowers. An excellent index enables the user climate. Each species is described as it will to find all pertinent references independent grow in the garden, and 490 color pho of the category under which they may be tographs illustrate all of the pl ants men listed. Thus the index entry for Rosa will tioned. For gardeners in California and all lead the reader to test gardens, test pro throughout the Southwest, this is a long FREE grams and specialty societies that are in awaited guide to having a bea utiful garden terested in any aspect of the rose. Both without unduly wasting our precious water 6 GIANT amateur and trade organizations are in resources. cluded. Th€ educational listings include GLADIOLI entry requirements and degrees granted. PENJING. with your 1st order from this For the serious gardener, the horticultural Hu Yunhua. Timber Press. Beaverton, professional or the reference desk of the Oregon. 1982. 166 pages; hardcover public library, this book is a necessa ry $39.95. AHS discount price, $35.95 working tool. including postage and handling. Most gardeners recognize bonsai as the TREES AND SHRUBS FOR DRY ancient Japanese art of growing miniatur CALIFORNIA LANDSCAPES. ized plants, but how many realize this tech • 60 Beautiful Bob Perry. Land Design Publishing. San color pages! nique has its origins in an even older Chinese • Money Saving Dimas, California. 1981 . 184 pages; tradition known as Penjing? Written by Values! hardcover $28.50. AHS discount price, the staff of the Shanghai Botanic Garden, • Satisfaction $26.90 including postage and handling. this book explains in simple terms how 100% Guar anteed! Lucky gardeners in California have a tre these miniaturized trees and landscapes are mendous choice of plants to grow in their prepared and grown. The techniques are gardens, but unl€ss they are willing to add clearly illustrated in black and white draw I--SPRIN~IL --i copious quantities of water, the choices ings accompanying the text, and 93 color I Spring Hill Nurseries 'St' DEPT. N613X I I 6523 N. Galena Road, Peoria, IL 61632 I become more restricted. As the population plates show many fine examples of mature 0 Please rush money-saving FREE Garden grows and our water reSOlHces become specimens. In Penjing gardening becomes I Catalog with Free 6 Giant Gladioli offer. I more limited, gardeners and landscapers art, and anyone can do it. For individuals I I I Name I should pay more attention to growing plants interested in growing these plants, or that can survive on a limited water supply. knowing something about their ancient I Address I This timely and much n€ed€d book pre history, this is a fascinating addition to I I I City I s€nts more than 360 species of native and western garden literature. I1 ______State Zip I1 American Horticulturist 35 BOOK REVIEWS CONTD THE CACTI OF THE UNITED occur in all of the states of the continental STATES AND CANADA. United States except Maine and New Lyman Benson. Stanford University Hampshire. This monumental study in Press. Stanford, California. 1982. 1,044 cludes 12 chapters on the general biology, pages; hardcover $85.00. AHS discount taxonomy and ecology of the family, and price, $78.50 including postage and devotes more than 650 pages to descrip handling. tions and discussions of the many species. Of the estimated 1,500 species of cacti na Illustrations include 165 line drawings, 977 tive to North and South America, 151 spe photographs (194 in color) and distribu cies with 133 varieties occur within the tion maps. Identification also is aided by boundaries of the United States and Can keys to all genera and species. This book ada. The majority of these are native to is an essential addition to the reference the arid Southwest, but some species are library of any serious specialized cacti found as far north as Saskatchewan. Cacti grower. A LIST OF RECOMMENDED NEW BOOKS ON INDIVIDUAL PLANTS (olin Edwards Delphiniums Gear Drive Gives 3 Times the Power CARNA TIONS. FUCHSIA LEXICON. Steven Bailey. Blandford Press. Dorset, Ron Ewart. Van Nostrand Reinhold England. 1982.215 pages; hardcover Company. New York, New York. 1982. $17.50. AHS discount price, $16.15 336 pages; hardcover $29.95. AHS including postage and handling. discount price, $19.60 including postage and handling. DELPHINIUMS. Colin Edward. ].M. Dent and Sons, Ltd. GROWING IRISES. London, England. 1981. 192 pages; G. E. Cassidy and S. Linnegar. Croom hardcover $22.95. AHS discount price, Helm Ltd. London, England. 1982. 100 $19.60 including postage and handling. pages; hardcover $15.50. AHS discount price, $13.65 including postage and TULIPS handling. Taxonomy, morphology, cytology, phytogeography and physiology. A.P. RHODODENDRONS AND Botschantzeva. A. A. Balkema. AZALEAS. Rotterdam, Netherlands. 1982.230 Mervyn S. Kessell. Blandford Press. pages; hardcover $70.00. AHS discount Dorset, England. 1981. 176 pages; price, $57.50 including postage and hardcover $17.50. AHS discount price, handling. $16.15 including postage and handling. 36 December 1982 AIlS CROTALARIA IN AFRICA AND plant or to select one that you want to add MADAGASCAR. to your collection, there is no other book GARDEN R. M. Polhill. A. A. Balkema. like it. In addition to fine photographs, Rotterdam, Netherlands. 1982. 389 descriptions and cultural information are pages; hardcover $65.00. AHS discount provided for each species. There is also an DIARY price, $53.50 including postage and extensiv e bibliography and a li st of com handling. mon names, both of w hich add to the util Keep track of your garden as it grows with our useful Garden Diary. ity of this work. For the serious tropical This is a botanist's book about an impor • Laminated, stain-proof cover tant subtropical and tropical genus with gardener, house plant enthusiast or green • 96 ring-bound pages great horticultural value. There are more ho use grower this is the basic reference • Pages for month-by-month garden than 500 species of Cro talaria in Africa work. A copy should also be in every pub notes, enough space for three year' s data and Madagascar, and only a few of these li c library. Although it may seem expen • Pages for recording notes and cul tural instructions for favorite plants sive, 4 is a lot of book. a re grown in the warmer parts of this Exotica Exotica 3 • Graph paper for drawing landscape country. Many more are worth growing weighed in at 13 pounds, with 1,824 pages, and border designs for their decorative features and as poten but this new edition has over 40 percent • A blooming sequence chart to record tial forage crops in the dryer portions of more pages and tips the scales at 18 pounds. color in the garden • A useful pocket for keeping clippings the Sun Belt states. Each species is de .. -Gilbert S. Daniels • Tabs for quick, easy reference scribed, and many are illustrated with line Dr. Gi lbert S. Daniels is the Immediate Past Our Garden Diary would make an ideal drawings. President of the American Horticultural Christmas gift for your gardening friends. Society. The retail price is $14.95, but AHS CURTIS'S FLOWER GARDEN members can purchase The Diary at a DISPLAYED. discount price of $11.95, including Tyler Whittle and Christopher Cook. postage and handling. Oxford University Press. New York, To order, send $11.95 per diary to New York. 1982.258 pages; hardcover Dorothy Sams., AHS, Box 0105, Mt D North American Horticulture Vernon, VA22121. Please make checks $45.00. AHS discount price, $42 .00 -A Reference Guide $45.00 payable to the American Horticultural including postage and handling. D Trees and Shrubs for Dry Society. Virginia reSidents., add 4% Curtis's Botanical Magazine, first pub California Landscapes 26.90 sales tax lished in 1787, has described and illus D Penjing 35.95 trated many new plants worth growing in D The Cacti of the United States and Canada 78.5 0 r------, our gardens. This book presents 120 plants Carnations 16.15 selected from the first 25 volumes of the D Send me Delphiniums 19.60 magazine. The original hand colored il D I Burpees® free I D Tulips 57.50 lustrations have been reproduced full size, D Fuchsia Lexicon 19.60 11983 seed catalog! I and the descriptions have been rewritten D Growing Iris 13.65 to provide more up to date information D Rhododendrons and Azaleas 16.15 lit's packed with over 400 vegetables and I about each plant. The original issues of D Crotalaria in Africa and 650 fl owe rs-including new va rieties and Burpee exclusives! Plu s fruits, I the magazine are only available in a limited Madagascar 53.50 I shrubs, garden aids, and more! Send for number of botanical libraries, so this new D Curtis's Flower Garden I yours now' I publication brings a selection of these out Displayed 42.00 standing horticultural subjects to the at D Exotica 4 162.00 tention of a much wider audience. I I Enclosed is my check for __ books EXOTICA 4. I I Alfred Byrd Graf. Roehrs Company. For the total amount of ______I I East Rutherford, New Jersey. 1982. Please allow six weeks for delivery. Discount 2,580 pages (2 volumes); hardcover, price includes postage. Virginia residents add I I $175.00. AHS discount price, $162.00 4 % sales tax. including postage and handling. Mail to: Dorothy Sams I I When Exotica first appeared in 1967 it American Horticultural Society Clip and mail today! was received with great enthusiasm by gar P.O. Box 0105 I I Mount Vernon, Virginia 22121 W. Atlee Burpee Co. deners everywhere, and its success was evi 2043 Burpee Building denced by the relatively rapid appearance I Warminster. PAl8974 I of Exotica 2 and Exotica 3 in 1959 and Ship to : ______I 1963, respectively. Since then eight up I Name ---~(P~l e~as~e=pr~m~t)------Street: ______Address ______dated versions of Exotica 3 have been pub I Cit y ______I lished. Now, nearly 20 years later, we fi City: ______nally have Exotica 4. The new edition I State _____ Zip ___ _ _ I contains more than 16,300 photographs, State: Zip: ___ _ _ f you ordered from Burpee m 1982, your new Catalog I will be sent to you automaticaUy in December.) and whether used to identify an unknown ------______J (.; ____ QW. At),eeBurpee:Co. 1982 American Horticulturist 37 AN AMERICAN PERSPECTIVE CONT'D from page 23 HORTICULTURAL EXPLORATIONS Possibly none of these or the other 80 plus species of Ternstroemia are quite as cold hardy as Ternstroemia gymnanthera (er roneously T. japonica). Among many broad-leaved evergreen trees virtually unknown in this country but abundant in Japan are Dendropanax tri fidus, Symplocos lu cida, Daphniphyllum macropodum, several oriental tanbark oaks (Lithocarpus spp.), Quercus acuta, Q . glauca, Q. myrsinifolia, Q. phillyraeoides, Myrica rubra, Lindera spp., Actinodaphne spp., Litsea and Neolitsea spp., Cinna momum spp., !lex chinensis and !lex rotunda. The oriental evergreen oaks are fre quently confused in this country. They are Another favorite Japanese import is not used abundantly here, but the most Ko elreuteria paniculata, photographed here available species is Quercus glauca, which covered with seed pods in the Hammond Museum Stroll Gardens, North Salem, New is usually sold as Q. acuta. Q. glauca is York. also the most planted species in Japan. It The American Horticultural Society is grown as a lawn specimen to 50 feet nese gardens is apparently "cyclic per proudly presents its spring Explora high, as a low sculptured bush, as a hedge manence: " a garden that appears com tions. They are especially designed or as a tall, close-set windbreak. All of plete, fixed and unchanging, but actually and exclusive. We visit both private these evergreen oaks exhibit considerable is a living, developing experience, with dis and public gardens. In addition, local variation in leaf form and color. The new tinct seasonal phases. In such a garden, escorts give us highlights of history, growth on myrsinifolia is most attrac scenery, and culture. These programs Q. form, texture, color and sound are all im are suitable for all levels of horticul tive. The long, graceful new leaves and portant but kept in harmony by the con tural interest shoots are rosy or purplish. They are smooth stant care and wisdom of the gardener. SOUTHWEST CHINA (April 1-24) and have few teeth. The typical, mature Seldom does color overpower the other An extremely fascinating itinerary takes us sun-leaves of Q. glauca average only about features, and each plant is controlled to at the peak of spring bloom to the Sichuan 3 x 11/2 inches with coarse teeth above the ward its own perfection as one element in (Szechuan) and southwest area of China middle, and glaucous with golden fuzz on the symphonic composition. Such a garden The rhododendrons and azaleas on Mt the underside. All of these characteristics is admired (but not necessarily coveted) by Omei are world famous. We see Buddhist cave sculptures at Dazu, the great cities vary. all who experience it. It may have limited of Chungking and Chengdu, the famous Few of the large evergreen shrubs are appeal for those who are more at home " Stone Forest" with its astonishing rock more conspicuous in Japan than Vi among large trees and free-running natural formations near Kunrning Also the remote burnum odoratissimum. It is extensively areas with minimum controls, or for the southwest area with its colorful tribes, an area rich in orchids and tropical flora planted as a tall, dense windbreak or specialist growers of orchids, azaleas, day screening wall or as a commanding spec lilies or alpine rock garden plants. Since CALIFORNIA (April 14-28) The great diversity of climates and con imen, up to 20 feet tall, with large (5" x control is the key to success, Japanese gar ditions within the state of California per 2"), tapered, dark, glossy leaves, flat pan dening is not low-maintenance gardening. mits an extremely fascinating and unique icles of small white flowers and large sprays But if you have a terrace or corner of your itinerary emphasizing the many aspects of of red berries that turn dark. Its fragrance lot that doesn't please you, and if you want horticulture. Visit variety of private gar is not as outstanding to me as the name a consuming and rewarding long-term dens and nurseries as well as Strybing Arboretum, U. of C. Botanical Gardens at would imply. It is grown in this country project, look no further-begin studying Berkeley, gardens at SUNSET Magazine, and is hardy from the milder parts of Zone Japan to develop your perspective. wineries, CarmeL Hearst Castle, Descanso 7 southward but is usually sold as V. ja Gardens, Getty Museum and Gardens. ponicum, another evergreen species with The Society sponsors tours of Japan on Other horticultural explorations available blunt, oblong, lighter green leaves and small a regular basis. The next scheduled ex in 1983 are: Bermuda (April 30-May 7) , clusters of flowers and fruits . ploration of this fascinating country will Spring Japan (April28-May18), Spring and Fall England (May12-26 or Sept 7-21), Ger Most notable for their absence were the be in November, 1983. Watch for an many and IGA '83 (May 26- June 9 or Sept endless variants of the Japanese false cy nouncements in the newsletter, or write 21-0ct 5), Canadian Rockies (July 16-30), presses, Chamaecyparis pisifera and C. ob Dorothy Sowerby at the Society for more South Africa (Sept 9-30), Fall New England tusa. Large, beautiful specimens of the typ information. 0 (Oct 3-17), Fall Orient (Nov. 1-24). ical forms are abundant in parks and in For any of these programs, please write for the wild, but we saw the unique dwarfs, Don L. Jacobs earned his Ph.D. in Plant your free brochure to Mrs Dorothy Sowerby, Ecology from the University of Georgia. He is American Horticultural Society, Mt Vernon, goldens, blues, etc., only occasionally, ex the founder of Eco-Gardens, a private VA 22121. OR telephone 1-703-768-5700. cept in rare plant nurseries. research botanical garden in Decatur, The underlying principle in most Japa- Georgia. 38 December 1982 NiERICAN - RORTICULTURIST SoURCES How does yo ur ga rd en growl Ameri can Horticu l CYCLAMEN SOURCES Seed turist is not Alchemilla mollis, Corydalis onl y fi ll ed with The following companies offer several cu l cashmiriana, Rhodohypoxis baurei beautiful pic tivars of florists' cyclamen. Thompson and Morgan, PO Box 100, tures, but also J. L. Hudson, Seedsman, PO Box 1058, Farmingdale, NY 07727 wi th helpful ga rd enin g in Redwood City, CA 94064, catalogue Fremontodendron $1.00. fo rm ati on. Several so urces offer F. californicum Now yo u ca n keep yo ur iss ues of Amer Geo. W. Park Seed Company, Inc., PO and/or F. mexicanum, but we were ican Horticulturist all in one place for Box 31, Greenwood, SC 29647, un able to locate the cultivar qu ick, hand y refe rence. Th ese attracrive catalogue free. 'California Glory'. binders will hold 18 iss ues. Th at's three yea rs' wo rth of ga rd enin g kn ow- how. Thompson and Morgan, PO Box 100, Plants Farmingdale, NJ 07727, catalogue The Shop in the Sierras, Box 1, Carstens Our magazin e titl e is attracti ve ly em free. Road, Midpines, CA 95345, catalogue bossed in go ld on a ri ch, leather-lik e gree n spine. Eas il y applied go ld numbers are in $1.00. TEN PLANTS I HAVE TO GROW cluded to help yo u add dates and vo lume Seed numbers. If American Horticulturist's catalogue file Lamer Seeds, PO Box 11143, Palo Alto, is an accurate indication, Will Ingwersen's Th ree or more binders for $5.75 each or CA 94306. $6.25 for one binder pos tp ai d. Send your 10 plants are difficult to find in this coun Plants of the Southwest, 1570 Pacheco check to Binders, The American Horticul try. We were able to locate three of the Street, Santa Fe, NM 87501, tural Society, Mount Vernon, Virginia 10. If you know of American sources for catalogue free. 22121 and we will fill yo ur ord er promptl y. these plants, please write to us; if you want Clyde Robin Seed Company, Inc., PO to grow some of the plants we were un able Box 2855, Castro Valley, CA 94546, to locate, please let us know. catalogue $2.00. Will Ingwersen's 10 Plants are available Saxifraga longifolia from his nursery. To obtain a list write W. We located two sources for the species, NORTH E. Th. Ingwersen, Ltd., Birch Farm Nurs but were unable to find a source for ery, Gravetye, East Grinstead, Sussex RH19 the cultivar 'Tumbling Waters'. AMERICAN 4LE, England. He is willing to export, but Plants he must be supplied with an import permit Alpenglow Gardens, Michaud & HORTICUITURE before he can ship orders. For information Company, 13328 King George on obtaining an import permit write USDA Highway, Surrey, BC Canada V3T A REFERENCE GUIDE Animal and Plant Health Inspection Ser 2T6, catalogue $1.00. The Society's complete guide to horticultural vice, Permit Unit, Federal Building, Seed organizations, educational programs, public Hyattsville, MD 20782. J. L. Hudson, Seedsmen, PO Box 1058, gardens, programs and displays is still avail Redwood City, CA 94064, catalogue able at the special, members-only price of! 0% Plants off the list of $50.00. Don't miss this 350+ Alchemilla mollis $1.00. page guide to horticulture and gardening in the Busse Gardens, 635 East 7th Street, United States and Canada Route 2, Box 13, Cokato, MN 55321, Charles Scribnels Sons, Dept SS 597 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10017 catalogue $1.00. PHOTOS IN Garden Place, 6780 Heisley Road, Please send me cop)(ies) of Mentor, OH 44060, catalogue free. TIllS ISSUE: North American Horticulture, A Reference Guide @ $45 Sweet Springs Perennial Growers, 2065 Cover: Bruce Steakley. Page 1: Guy Burgess. I Enclose check! money order for $. ___ Ferndale Road, Arroyo Grande, CA Page 4, 5: Margaret Hensel. Page 6: (I) Will Ingwersen (2) Pamela Harper (3) Janet Or charge my D Visa D Mastercard 93420, catalogue free. Ellis (4) Will Ingwersen (5) Will Ingwersen (6) Pamela Rice Creek Gardens, 1315 66th Avenue, Harper. American Express Page 15: Charl es Marden Fitch. D NE, Minneapolis, MN 55432, Page 16: (Left) Dr. John L. Creech (Right) Charles Marden Card#,______catalogue free. Fitch. Page 17: Charles Marden Fitch. Twin Peak Nursery, PO Box 196, Page 19: (Left) Charles Marden Fitch (Top Ri ght) Charles Expiration Date<-.______Oceanside, NY 11572, catalogue Marden Fitch (Bottom Right) Pamel a Harper. Page 20: Charl es Marden Fitch. SignaturefL-______$1.00. Page 21: Charles Marden Fitch. Page 22: Don L. Jacobs. Nam. ~e ______Rhodohypoxis baurei and Xerophyllum Page 24: Dr. Robert E. Lyons. tenax Page 26-29: Guy Burgess. Page 30: Barbara W. Ell is. Admes:~s ______Siskiyou Rare Plant Nursery, 2825 Page 32: Charles Marden Fitch. Cummings Road, Medford, OR Page 38: Charles Marden Fitch. Page 44: Way si de Gardens. City_____ Sta1e.-Zi,l'p __ _ 97501, catalogue $1.00. American Horticulturist 39 PRONUNCIATION GlUDE Guide to Botanical Names in This Issue C. vernale c. ver-NAL-ee L. ovalifolium I. o-val-i-FOL-ee-um Daphne petraea DAFF-ne pe-TREE-ah L. vulgare I. vul-GARE-ee The accent, or emphasis, falls on the Daphniphyllum maropodum Lindera LIN-der-ah syllable that' appears in capital letters. The daff-ne-FILL-um mar-o-PO-dum vowels that you see standing alone are Lithocarpus lith-o-CARP-us pronounced as follows: Dendrobium den-DRO-btle-um Litsea LIT -see-ah i-short sound; sounds like i in "hit" Dendropanax trifidus Lysimachia ly-si-MACK-ee-ah o-long sound; sounds like 0 in "snow" den-dro-PAN-ax tri-FID-us Mahonia bealei ma-HONE-ee-ah BEEL-eye a-long sound; sounds like a in 'hay". Dictanum dic-T A Y -num M. japonica m. ja-PON-i-ka Dodecatheon meadia Melissa mel-ISS-ah Abeliophyllum distichum do-de-CATH-ee-on ME-dee-ah Myrica rubra MY-ri-ca REW-bra ah-beel-ee-o-FILL-urn dis-TY -kum Eurya YOUR-ee-ah N eolitsea nee-o-LIT -see-ah Actinodaphne act-i-no-DAFF-ne Exacum affine Olea europaea o-LEE-ah your-o-PEE-ah Adonis amurensis eggs-ACK-um ah-FIN-ee Osman thus american us ah-DON-iss a-mure-EN-sis Forsythia X intermedia oz-MAN-thus ah-mer-i-CA Y-nus Alchemilla mollis for-SITH-ee-ah in-ter-MEAD-ee-ah O. fragrans o. FRAY-granz al-che-MILL-ah MOLL-iss F. ovata f. 0-VA Y-ta O. heterophyllus o. het-er-o-FILL-us Allium aflatunense F. suspensa f. sus-PENSE-ah O . ilicifolius o. il-iss-i-FO-lee-us AL-ee-um ah-flat-you-NEN-see F. viridissima f. veer-i-DISS-i-ma Pachysandra procumbens Ardisia japonlca Fraxinus americana pak-i-SAN-dra pro-KUM-benz ar DISS-ee-ah ja-PON-i-ka FRACKS-in-us a-mer-i-KAN-ah P. terminalis p. ter-min-A-liss Aucuba japonica var. borealis F. excelsior f. ex-SELJI..-see-or Pleione forrestii aw-KOO-ba ja-PON-i-ka bor-ee-AL-iss F. latifolia f. lat-i-FOL-ee-ah PLEE-o-nee FOR-est-ee-eye Camellia japonica F. mariesii f. mare-EES-ee-eye Polytrichum pol-ee-TRY-cum ka-MEAL-ya ja-PON-i-ka F. oregona f. or-eh-GO-na Primula PRIM-yew-la Campanula poscharskyana F. ornus f. OR-nuss Prunus jamasakura kam-PAN-yew-la posh-ar-sky-A-na F. uhdei f. uh-DA Y PRUNE-us ja-ma-sa,-KUR-ah Catharinea cath-ar-IN-ee-ah F. velutina var. glabra Psilotum si-LO-tum Chamaecyparis obtusa f. vel-you-TY-na GLAY-bra Quercus acuta QUER-kus ah-KEW-ta kam-ee-SIP-er-us ob-TOO-sa Fremontodendron californicum Q. glauca q. GLAW-ca C. pisifera c. pi-SIFF-er-ah free-mon-to-DEN-dron kal-i-FORN-i-kum Q. myrsinifolia q. mir-sin-i-FO-lee-ah Chionanthus retusus F. mexicanum f. mex-i-CA Y-num Q. phillyraeoides key-o-NAN-thus re-TOO-sus Goodyera good-YER-ah q. fill-ee-ree-o-EYE-deez C. virginicus c. vir-JIN-i-kus Hemerocallis littorea Rhodea japonica Cinnamomum sin-ah-MO-mum hem-er-o-KAL-iss lit-or-REE-ah ROW-dee-ah ja-PON-i-ka Cleyera CLAY -er-ah Hesperis matronalis Rhododendron bakeri Cornus florida KOR-nus FLOR-i-da HES-per-iss ma-tro-NAL-iss ro-do-DEN-dron BAKE-er-eye C. kousa c. KOO-sa Ilex chinensis EYE-lex chi-NEN-sis R. japonicum r. ja-PON-i-kum Corydalis cashmeriana I. rotunda i. row-TUN-da R. kaempferi r. KEMP-fare-eye cor-~e-DAL-iss cash-mere-i-A-na Jasminum beesianum Rhodohypoxis baurii Cryptomeria japonica jazz-MY-num beez-ee-A-num row-do-hy-POX-iss BOW-tee-eye krip-toe-MEER-ee-ah ja-PON-i-ka j. dichotomum j. dy-KOT-o-mum Saxifraga callosa Cyclamen indicum j. grandiflorum j. grand-i-FLOOR-um sacks-i-FRA YGE-ah cal-LOW-sa SYKE-la-men/SICK-la-men IN-di-kum j. humile j. hew-MIL-ee S. longifolia s. long-i-FO-lee-ah C. persicum c. PER-si-kum j. mesnyi j. MES-nee-eye Selaginella sell-adge-i-NELL-ah j. multiflorum j. mul-ti-FLOR-um Symplocos lucida j. nudiflorum j. new-di-FLOR-um sim-PLO-coss LEW-cid-ah j. officinale j. o-fiss-i-NAL-ee Syringa vulgaris sa-RING-ga vul-GA Y-ris j. sambac j. SAM-back Ternstroemia gymnanthera Laburnum X watereri turn-STRO-mee-ah jim-nan-THER-ah la-BUR-num WA-ter-er-eye Thuidium thew-ID-i-um Lagerstroemia fauriei Tilia platyphyllos la-ger-STROME-ee-ah FAW-ree-eye TILL-ee-ah plat-i-FILL-oss Leptospermum scoparium Viburnum japonicum lep-toe-SPER-mum sco-PAIR-ee-um vy-BUR-num ja-PON-i-kum Leucobryum lew-co-BRY-um V. odoratissimum Ligustrum amurense v. o-door-ah-TISS-i-mum li-GUS-trum am-ur-EN-see V. tinus v. TY-nuss L. japonicum I. ja-PON-i-kum Weldenia candida L. lucidum I. LOO-si-dum well-DEN-ee-ah CAN-dicl-ah L. obtusifolium var. regelianum Xerophyllum tenax I. ob-too-si-FOL-ee-um re-gel-i-A-num ze-ro-FILL-um TEN-ax 40 December 1982 THE FLORISTS' CYCLAMEN CONT'D from page 25 cies lacks the neat coiling characteristic, be re-bloomed, because the pl ants need not retain a corm-like tuber, they ca n be fo rced its seeds are also dispersed by ants. stop blooming in the first place. The native into do rmancy by graduall y w itholding Sow seed V4 -inch deep in a well-drain ed plants do indeed exhibit a cy cl e of acti ve water. To re-bloom a florists' cycl amen, medium with good moisture holding ca growth and dormancy, but my experi ence graduall y increase watering, be sure the pacity, since constant moisture is essential on literall y dozens of occasions has shown temperature remains around 62°F, and for successful germination. Pure peat li med that these plants can be everblooming as when the plant shows signs of growth, start to bring the acid pH up to a more neutral long as dead blooms are removed and th ey the weekly fee ding schedule. 6 receive ideal cultural conditions. Although level is ideal (add seven ounces of lime Dr. Robert E. Lyons is an Assistant Professor stone- 200 grams- per bushel of pea t). it is not necessa ry to force a cultiva ted of Horticulture at the Virginia Polytechnic Commercial potting media high in loose cycl amen into dormancy sin ce the plants Institute and State University. organic matter are also suitabl e. Pl ace the container in the dark at 65-68°F. Higher temperatures in hibit germination, and, Cyclamen Cultivar List contrary to the informati on in most ga r dening books and publicati ons, lower tem Here is a thorough li st of cycl amen cultivars. N ot all wi ll be avail able fr om a peratures retard the plant's growth. single source, no r will all be priced equall y. The F-l hybrids are generall y the The new seedlings are usuall y visible 20 most expensive . to 35 days after sowing. When they ap KEY TO CHARACTERISTICS: pear, place them in a bright locati on with IH 1M R X H--earlier fl owerin g F-l hybrid high humidity, and maintain a tempera PINK M- mini ature ture of 68°F. Bright, indirect light is es R- rufA ed or fringed petals Ba mbini Largo {~} sential, but the direct rays of the sun can X-very large fl owers be disastrous. The seedlings grow ve ry suc Bri gitte ~ cessfully under fl uorescent light. It is per H M R X Columba ~:$\ fectly normal for a young plant to have RED Gypsy 01t only one leaf for almost 75 days before Aida Hay dn new leaves become visible. Fo r about three '~>I months after germination, there is very slow Aquila <::1 M anon ~ growth, even at the proper temperature of J.S. Ba ch Nabucco f,," 58°F. During this time the seedling may Bambini Fortissimo O ri on ~1 very well be storing much of its energy in ~ Bo heme 7";1 Pavo i;2~ the developing corm for future use. Cy :,' clamen is certainly not a plant whose growth Bonfire Perl e of Zehlendorf ~ can be hurried, but the long wait is worth Cardinal Phoenix 5E it. Transplant when the seedlings have Carmen '". Rosa of Zehlendorf crowded each other and each have from ~~/ eight to 10 leaves. This probably will be Hallo Rose of A. aJ°"leer ~~¥~ no sooner than five months after sowing. M atador Rosemary I'}: Although some growers are able to pro Taurus , Sarah b, duce a blooming size plant eight months LILAC F. Schubert after sowing seed, this schedule requires the closely controlled conditions of a L. v. Beethoven Ursa ~11; greenhouse. There are new cultivars that Cattleya ~fE MIXED r()J~ reach blooming size more rapidly than Oberon SI;: Bambini ' YllIl'llUII Y mix ~ older, standard cultivars. Young plants Rosina Beautiful Helena ;¥~ grow best at 68°F, and adult plants prefer I:f1%: :):, temperatures of from 62° to 65°F. M ature Tosca Puppets , ~~ cyclamen will grow well in cooler tem Willy ~ Ro~o co i~ 1ti~ peratures, even in the fifties. WHITE Striata ** ~ Adult fl owering cyclamen, w hether Asbadonna R TrOT O R grown from seed or purchased from a gar den center or florist, prefer a room tem Anneke rf~{ Baardse's Wonder ~ perature of about 62°F, a potting mixture Finlandia ~ Bambini Piano m high in loose organic matter (peat moss) Mount Bl anc Merry Widow ~ and weekly fee ding. Place them in the ~~ brightest location available during the au Swan Lake i:~ Sonja '~il tumn and winter, but move them to an Virgo ~:;'fJ Victoria ~1?~ eastern exposure during the spring and summer. ' Sicolors are usuall y white with some other color at th e tip and/or base of the petals, Cultivated C. persicum do not need to " This is a harlequin or striped va riety , American Horticulturist 41 GARDENER'S MARK.EI;lACE!I THE AVANT GARDENER RAINBOW GARDENS proudly announces their "DIFFERENT, EXCITING, GREAT FUN TO brand new 1983 Plant Catalog! New color pic READ-for the gardener who wants to get more tures, new Epiphyllums (Orchid Cactus), Xmasl out of gardening!" Subscribe to THE AVANT Easter Cactus, Hoyas, English Rattails, Rhip GARDENER, the most useful, most quoted of salis, plus new books on Cacti, Succulents. Our all gardening publications. Every month this new multiple discount coupons and new winter unique news service brings you the newest and bonus offer makes our 37-page PlantlBookshop most practical on-going gardening informa Catalogues the most attractive offer EVER! and CLASSIFIED AD RATES: tion-new plants, products, techniques, with still only $1.00. RAINBOW GARDENS, Box 50¢ per word; $10.00 minimum per insertion. 10% sources for every item, plus feature articles, spe 721-AH, La Habra, CA 90631. discount for three consecutive insertions using same cial issues. Now in its 14th year. Awarded the copy. Copy must be received two months prior to Garden Club of America Medal for outstanding CAMELLIAS publication date. Send orders to the attention of Cindy achievement in horticulture. Special to new sub JOIN AMERICAN CAMELLIA SOCIETY. Four Weakland, American Horticultural Society, Mount magazines and one book each year for ONLY Vernon, Virginia 22121. Or call (703 ) 768-5700. scribers, $10 for a full year. Sample copy $1. THE AVANT GARDENER, Box 489M, New $12.50; POB 1217, Fort Valley, GA 31030. York, NY 10028. Latest information on culture, research, etc. AFRICAN VIOLETS COLOUR DICTIONARY OF CAMELLIAS 1983 list $1.50 featuring 15 of my new hybrids AZALEAS & RHODODENDRONS $35.00-for members $30.00. in color. List contains over 200 varieties in ILAM AZALEAS-best selection, largest sizes. cluding variegated foliage varieties and minia Hardiest rhododendrons and azaleas. Mailor CARNIVOROUS PLANTS tures. THE BLOOM ROOM, 3459 East Street, der catalog $2.00 (deductible). CARLSON'S Carnivorous, woodland terrarium plants and Birmingham, AL 35243. GARDENS, Box 305-AH4, South Salem, NY supplies. Book, The World of Carnivorous Plants, LARGEST SELECTION-Save 20/40% on Plant 10590. $6.50 postpaid. Illustrated catalog 25 ¢, Peter Stands, Light Fixtures, Growing Accessories, Back Acres, Eden's, Glenn Dale's, Greenwoods, Pauls Nurseries, Canandaigua, NY 14424. Lamps (30 kinds) FREE CATALOG. Indoor Harris, Loblolly, Linwood's. N. Tisbury, Robin Gardening Supplies, Box 40567 AH, Detroit, Hill's, Satsukis and many more. GORDON W. CHRYSANTHEMUMS MI48240. SEVERE NURSERY, 10 Vera Lane, Millsboro, Garden Mums. Write today for exciting FREE Hard to find supplies-Violet Rings-Fertilizers DE 19966. list of new and old varieties of Garden mums. Potting Mix-Free list with SASE. CAROL'S VI EXOTIC VIREYA-Malaysian Rhododendrons DOOLEY GARDENS, Dept. A, Hutchinson, OLETS, 2943 No. 109th St., Toledo, OH 43611. Container, Greenhouse, House Plants. New MN 55350. African Violet Starter Plants, $18.00 per dozen Catalog, other Rhododendrons, Azaleas, Com postpaid all different and labeled. Peggy's Af panion Plants, $2.00 refundable. THE BOVEES CLOTHING rican Violets, 1106 Klondale Ave., Kannapolis, NURSERY, 1737-C SW Coronado, Portland, LEE jeans. Factory outlet work clothes, shoes. NC 28081. OR 97219. Bargains on new shirts (low as $4.95), LEE jack AFRICAN VIOLET SEEDS BOOKS ets, boots, gloves, coveralls. Send $1.00 for cat alog. SARA GLOVE CO., 16 Cherry Ave., Dept. THE EXOTIC PLUMERIA (FRANGIPANI) by Select from Regular Foliage Mix, Variegated C-131, Waterbury, CT 06704. Foliage Mix, Trailer Mix, Miniature Mix. $4.25 Elizabeth H. Thornton covering cultivation, per packet of 100 seeds. Complete instructions, propagation and care of plumerias. Send $4.50 FRAGRANCE unconditional guarantee. For list only (includes to Plumeria Specialties, 2121 San Felipe, #111, specific crosses list) send 50¢. NADEAU Houston, TX 77063. Seeds for fragrant, rare and old-fashioned plants, trees, vines etc. THE FRAGRANT PATH Box SAINTPULIA SEED CO., 48A Queensbrook, BRITISH TEAK GARDEN SEATS St. Louis, MO 63132. 328A, Ft. Calhoun, NE 68023. Catalogue $1.00 Solid Teakwood Garden Seats-featured in the deductible. AMARYLLIS aboretums & gardens of England. The perfect Ten seedlings, $3 .95. Ten bulb lets, $7.50. Grown heirloom gift for church, park or private garden. FREE CATALOG from hybrid bulbs. Mixed colors. HAN Send $1.00 (deductible) for color catalogue and FREE 1983 Gardening catalog. Inflation fighter COCKS, Rte. 4, Box 933, Manchester, TN current price list. COUNTRY CASUAL, 17317 prices. Seeds, Plants, Trees, Supplies. 4,000 Items. 37355. Germantown Road, Germantown, MD 20874. MELLINGERS, AMH, North Lima, OH 44452. (301 ) 428-3434. ANTHURIUMS GRAFTING MANUAL " ONL Y THE BEST FOR 40 YEARS" BROMELIADS Clearly illustrated for increasing pollenization, BLOOMING PLANTS READY FOR POT DECORATIVE SPECIES & HYBRID BRO fruiting and varieties. $6.00. M-D PRODUCTS, TING. OBAKES ... Two color blossoms. KAU MELIADS at reasonable prices. Unique 22 page 17249 Santa Suzanne, Fountain Valley, CA MANA . .. Deep red. KOZAHARA .. . Deep DESCRIPTIVE LIST with prices $1.50. Also red. OZAKE . . . Lipstick pink. PASTELS .. . 80 page booklet BROMELIADS FOR MOD 92708. many colors. ONE PLANT OF EACH VARI ERN LIVING with 135 Bromeliad color pho GREENHOUSE GROWING ETY READY FOR PLANTING SHIPPED VIA tos-sold only with LIST $5 .00 for both. THE AIRMAIL POSTPAID .. . $21.50. HISAE BROMELIAD TREASURY, 639 Bend Drive, FREE! "How to propagate cuttings better in CAMPBELL, PO Box 1232, PAHOA, HI 96778. Sunnyvale, CA 94087. and outdoors." Get information on a "break through" write now. AQUAMONITOR, Box APPLE TREES CACTI AND SUCCULENTS 327-B, Huntington, NY 11743. APPLE TREES FOR THE SOUTH: Granny FREE . . . 1982 Plant & Price Listing. K & L Smith, Ozark Gold, Crispin, Fuji and Yates. All CACTUS NURSERY ... 12712 Stockton Blvd., HARPER HORTICULTURAL SLIDE trees 3-5 ft. tall, Semi-dwarf, $7.50 each, plus GALT, CA 95632. LIBRARY (PAMELA HARPER) shipping cost. Send no money, C.O.D. only. Cactus, Epiphyllums, Lithops, Echeverias and We supply many of the pictures in this and other Minimum order two trees. FRUITWOOD other succulent plants. 112 page illustrated cat garden magazines. You may rent these and NURSERY, PO Box 303, Molena, GA 30258. alog $1.00. CACTUS GEM NURSERY, Dept. 40,000 others, or buy duplicates. Lecture pro Paul Vignos (404) 495-5488. Shipping January H, 10092 Mann Drive, Cupertino, CA 95014. grams on many topics. Catalog $1. 219 Ro March. Visitors welcome. banna Shores, Seaford, VA 23696. 42 December 1982 HERB GROWERS ... NEW METHOD OF IRRIGATION Nearly 1,000 varieties-species and hybrids. WRITERS ... LECTURERS NEW METHOD OF IRRIGATION. Saves up Catalog $1.00-refundable. HALL RHODO At your request, 76 slides of herbs and herb to 80% of water and energy used on gardens, DENDRONS, 1280 Quince Drive, Junction City, gardens, with lecture notes. Rental $25, pur lawns, orchards and residential & commercial OR 97448. chase $75, plus $2.50 postage. HARPER HOR landscaping. One control wil l irrigate up to 300 ROOTING COMPOUND TICULTURAL SLIDE LIBRARY, 219 Ro square feet of ga~den or as many as four trees. DIP 'N GROW, LIQUID ROOTING COM banna Shores, Seaford, VA 23696. No maintenance, vandalism or electricity . Sim POUND distributed nationally. IBA and NAA ple to install. Tested and proven successful by combined, plus antibacterial and anti- funga l HORTICULTURAL GIFTS U.S. Department of Agriculture. Price $30.00 properties. Dilute 1:5 for hard to root; 1: 1 0 for "HORTICULTURAL TREASURES"-A stun each . Cali fornia add 6% sales tax. No C.O.DI. most plants. Mfg. by ALPKEM, Inc. 1 pint, ning catalog collection of juried gifts for men Guaranteed. WATERGUARDE, PO Box 1222, $18.5.0; 1 gallon $86.50. Sent UPS prepaid. and women who garden. Specialty hand tools, La Mesa, CA 92041, Dept. A. PACIFIC ORNAMENTALS, PO Box 1045, solid teak British garden seats, Colonial style NURSERY STOCK Hillsboro, OR 97123. oak hayforks, traditional egg baskets, pot pourri MILLIONS OF SEEDLINGS: High quality at SEDUMS & SEMPERVIVUMS cottages, antique doll sawdust ornaments, gold reasonable prices. Over 100 se lections for Unusual Collection of Sempervivum-Sedum. floral jewlery-pins, tie tacks, cuff links, floral Christmas trees, ornamentals, windbreaks, con Catalog 25¢. ALPINE GARDENS, Box 247AH, screen prints, elegant pot pourri lace sachets, servation, wi ldlife food and cover, etc. Free cat Dallas, OR 97338. lace impressed stoneware wall basket filled with alog, CARINO NURSERIES, Box 538J, Indi a Williamsburg style floral bouquet, and more. ana, PA 15701. Free catalog-Country Casual "Horticultural SEEDS Treasures," 17317 Germantown Rd., German ORCHIDS IMPORTED SEEDS from the World's largest town, MD 20874. (301) 428-3434. ORCHIDS' ORCHIDS! ORCHIDS! Brome and most famous seed catalog. 200 pages, 4,000 liads, Staghorn Ferns, Books, Peters Fertilizer varieties, 1,000 color pictures. A major book GERANIUM COOKBOOK: 70 Spiral bound Potting Mixes, Supplies for indoor and green of reference. The Encyclopedia of how and what pages of recipes and interesting facts. Auto house cu lture. Catalog, 40¢ coin or stamps. FOX to grow from seed. The Bible of seed catalogs graphed and gift wrapped. $7.50 pp. IGS, 1442 ORCHIDS, INC., 6615 West Markham, Little to gardeners in over 100 countries. Vegetables, No. Gordon Street, Hollywood, CA 90028. Rock, AR 72205. POt plants, exotics, perennials, alpines, rockery, ORCHID GROWERS SPECIALTY ITEMS latest and best annuals, trees, shrubs and bulbs HOUSE PLANT SUPPLIES Ring kits (convert straight stakes to ring stakes from seed with rare items unobtainable else Books, Soil, Trays, Fertilizers, Insecticides, Dis 30 for $9.00. Ring stakes, 6" or 8" tall 30 for where. Current customers automaticall y mailed. count Price on Flora-Cart 2-stamps for catalog. $15.00 6"-pot clips 50 for $5.00. Orchid record Write for your free copy: THOMPSON & DO DE'S GARDENS, 1490 Saturn, Merritt Is cards (White, blue, green, pink or yellow) 100 MORGAN, INC., Dept. AHN3 PO Box 531, land, FL 32952. for $4.50. All items postpaid U.S. 50 states only. Pittston, PA 18640. Note: 1983 Edition pub Florida residents add 5 % sa les tax. GRAY'S lished in Mid-December. HOUSE PLANTS ORCHID GLEN, PO Box 356, Valrico, FL STATIONERY 33594. (813 ) 685-1045. ORCHIDS, GESNERlADS, BEGONIAS, CACTI Two FREE all purpose greeting cards, spectac & SUCCULENTS. Visitors welcome. 1982-83 PLANTS-RARE BUT AFFORDABLE ular floral prints, with set of 10 cards, envel Catalog $1.25. LAURAY OF SALISBURY, Rt. opes, money back guarantee, send $5.95 plus 41 (Undermountain Rd.), Salisbury, CT 06068 Extensive selection: * American Natives ,. Out 80¢ postage to WILLOW BRANCH CARDS, (203) 435-2263. standing Ornamentals * Uncommon Conifers * Wild Fruit * Hardiest Eucalyptus * Wildlife 8223 N . Lake Drive, Milwaukee, WI 53217. HOYA SPECIAL Plants *. Affordable containerized starter-plants. TOPIARY Informative catalog-$1.00. FORESTFARM, WHAT'S Po. HOYA? Send $1.00 for descriptive 990 Tetherah, Williams, OR 97544. Topiary frames, charming animal shapes, geo list. Limited Hoya introductory offer. 6 differ metries. Write for price list, wholesale or retail. ent Hoya plants for $19.95 PPD, guaranteed. RARE MAPLE SEED TOPIARY, INC., 41 Bering, Tampa, fL 33606. SAN LUIS GARDENS, Righetti Rd, Box 269A, JAPANESE MAPLES, UNUSUAL SPECIES San Luis Obispo, CA 93401. AND SELECTED CUL TIVARS. Small packets UNUSUAL INDOOR PLANTS for collectors, specialists and bonsai use. Send Unusual Indoor Plants. 1,800 Varieties-Be INDOOR GARDENING 20¢ for list: MAPLEWOOD SEED COM gonias, Ferns, Geraniums, Herbs, Exotics. NEW Grow beautiful delicious OYSTER MUSH PANY, 6219-A S.W. Dawn, Lake Oswego, OR 1982-84 catalog with more color $2.50. ROOMS indoors ON NEWSPAPER. Spawn, 97034. LOGEE'S GREENHOUSES, AH, 55 North Street, Danielson, CT 06239. supplementary nutrients and complete instruc RARE NATIVE PLANTS tions $10 postpaid. MYCOLOG HOUSE-AH, Rhododendron chapmannii, R. austrinum, R. UNUSUAL PLANTS 41 Concord Road, Sudbury, MA 01776. speciosum, R. serralatum, R. prunifolia, Mag Unusual plants for home, garden and green IVIES nolia ashei (Weatherby), Magnolia pyramidata, house. Begonias, Impatiens, Coleus and more. Stewartia malacrodondron. Grown from native Send SASE for price list. KRISTY'S CREA Rare and unusual Ivies for you in 82! TROP seed or cuttings. Write for prices and shipping TIONS, Dept. AHS, 3111 Windsor, Waco, TX EXOTIC GROWERS, INC. Ivy Specialists, 708 dates. SALTER TREE FARM, Rt. 2, Box 1332, 76708. 60th Street, N.W., Bradenton, FL 33529. $1.00 Madison, FL 32340. for catalog, deductible with first order. UNUSUAL PLANTS RARE PLANTS UNUSUAL PLANTS, rare succulents, Caudi MAGNOLIAS RAREL Y OFFERED SOUTHEASTERN NA ciforms, Sansevierias and other exotics. III us MA GN 0 LIAS, 60 varieties-many new and rare, TIVES, woody, herbaceous, nursery-grown. trated catalog and periodical newsletters-$1.50. maples, dogwood, stewartias, styrax, other un Many hlardy northward. Also newly introduced SINGERS' GROWING THINGS, 17806 Plum tlsual trees and shrubs. Catalog, $1. GOSSLER exotics selected for Southern gardens. Send SASE mer Street, AH, Northridge, CA 91325. for extensive mailorder list. WOOD LANDERS FARMS NURSERY, 1200 Weaver Road, WILDFLOWERS Springfield, OR 97477. AH, 1128 Colleton Ave., Aiken, SC 29801. PAINTED MEADOWS wildflower mixture for RHODODENDRONS & AZALEAS eastern United States, now available to private MAPLES Growers of Dwarf and Standard, hybrid and homeowners. 1 pound will color 2,500 sq. feet Matsu-Momiji Nursery-Rare & Unusual Ma specie rhododendrons and azaleas. Catalog, at one penny/square foot. Send for FREE bro ples + Pines. New descriptive catalog $1 (re $1.50. SONOMA HORTICULTURAL NURS chure. PAINTED MEADOWS SEED COM fundable) PO Box 11414, Philadelphia, PA 19111 ERY, 3970 Azalea Avenue, Sebastopol, CA PANY, Dept. AH, Box 1494, Charlottesville, (215) 722-6286. 95472. VA 22902. American Horticulturist 43 INDEX m AMERICAN HORfIClILTlIRIST-1982 Potentilla 'Gibson's Sca rl et' An annual index to articles appearing in American Horticulturist magazine is printed in each December issue. A separate, cumulative index has also been published for the years 1922-1971. Copies of this 110-page paperback are available for $10. Although no index for the years 1972-79 has yet been published, these back issues have been catalogued by the editorial staff. Address inquiries to Barbara W. Ellis. Back issues of the magazine, if available, are $2.50 each. Send orders for the Cumulative Index or back issues of American Horticulturist to Dorothy Sams, Box 0105, Mt. Vernon, VA 22121. 44 December 1982 AUTHOR Loewer, Peter. Ornamental Design: Medieval Garden Medieval Garden Designs. Grasses. August 16. Designs. October 31; Design October 3l. Adams, Richard II. Capill ary-Mat Longland, David R. Fern Page, The. December 4. Mini-FIora® Roses. December 31. Watering. October 40. Propagation. June 8. Dutch Floral Exposition, Floriade Myrtaceae, The Myrtle 'Family. Altieri, Hamai, Hajek & Sheehan. Lyons, Dr. Robert E. Florists' '82. October 26. June 4. Biological Control of Insect Cyclamen, The. December 25. Epstein, Harold's Garden, A Myrtle Family, The. June 4. Pests, Part I. February 28; Part Paschke, D. C. Selected Table Connoisseur's Garden. April 23. Ornamental Grasses. August 16. II . April 28. Grapes. June 2l. Nandina, The Bamboo American Horticulturist, Editors. Euonymus. October 29. Powell, Judy. Mini-Flora® Roses. Alternative. October 4. New Plants for '82. February 15 . Exbury and It's Azaleas. June 22. December 31 . Fern Propagation. June 8. New Hampshire Woods in the Auchincloss, Adele. A Gardener's Prince, Martha. Exbury and its Floriade '82. October 26. City, A. June 38. Detente. April 20. Aza leas. June 22. Florist's Cyclamen, The. New Plants for '82. February 15. Baetjer, George. Photographing Rackemann, Adelaide C. In December 25. Nightshade Family, The Plants. April 12. Search of the Puttyroot Orchid. Flowers: Fragrant. February 26; So lanaceae Family, Part I. Buchan, Ursula. Hidcote Manor. February 2l. How to press, Pressed Flower February 7; Part II. April 8. August 23. Sawyers, Claire and Janick, Dr. Designs. August 29. Norfolk Botanical Garden Rose Bumgarner, Gay McDonnell. Jules. Sidewalk Weeds. August Fragrant Flowers. February 26. Garden, A Man Who Loves Euonymus. October 29. 32. Fruit Trees, Topworking. Roses. June 28. Burgess, Lorraine Marshall. Schery, Dr. Robert. Assessing February 12. Oleaceae, The Olive Family. Barnsley House. December 27. Lawn Problems. August 40. Garden Design, The Design Page. December 10. Medieval Garden Designs. Sheehan, Altieri, Hamai & Hajek. December 4; Medieval Garden Olive Family, The. December 10. October 3l. Biological Control of In sect Designs. October 3l. Orchid, Puttyroot, In Search of the Cannon, Mrs. Ralph. Bergenia. Pests, Part I. February 28; Part Gardener's Detente, A. Apri l 20. Putty root Orchid. February 21. October 20; Fragrant Flowers. II. April 28. Peppers, Capsicums. February 5. Gardens: Adopt-A-Plot Gardens. February 26. Sheppard, Wendy J. Chatsworth Pests in the Garden, A Gardener's August 4; Barnsley House. Creech, John L. Japan: An Important Garden. October 16. Detente. April 20; Biological December 27; Chatsworth. Plant Heritage. December 16. Shuster, Rita. Baja. October 22. Control of Insect Pests, Part I. October 16; A Connoisseur's Dasch, Ann Branch. Iris. June 14. Sol it, Karen D. The U. S. Botanic February 28; Part II. April 28. Garden. April 23; Exbury and Dickson, H erbert. Primulas. Apri l 14. Garden. AprilS. Photographing Plants. April 12. It's Aza leas. June 22; Hidcote Editors, American Horticulturist. Steffey, Jane. The Loostrife Plants for: Fragrance, Fragrant Manor. August 23; Magnolia New Plants for '82. February 15. Family. August 8; The Olive Flowers. February 26. Gardens-Year Round Beauty. Fitch, Charles Marden. Thai Family. December 10; The Pressed Flower Designs. August 29. February 22; A New Monastery Gardens. June 12. Myrtle Family. June 4; The Hampshire Woods in the City. Primulas. April 14. Foraker, Joy. Achi llea. August 20; Solanaceae Family, Part I. June 38; A Man Who Loves Propagation, Ferns, Fern Topworking Fruit Trees. February 7; Part II. April 8. Roses.June 28; Thai Monastery Propagation. June 8. February 12. Taylor, Mary. Adopt-A-Plot Gardens. June 12; The U. S. Proper Planting of Ornamentals. Gibson, Gail. The Bamboo Gardens. August 4. Botanic Garden. AprilS. October 10. Alternative. October 4. Thierfelder, Janet C. Pressed Goldenrod. August 14. Puttyroot Orchid, In Search of the Hakek, Sheehan, Altieri & Flower Designs. August 29. Grapes, Table, Selected Table Puttyroot Orchid. February 2l. Hamai. Biological Control of Vining, Donald. Floriade '82. Grapes. June 21. Rhododendron, Exbury and Its Insect Pests, Part I. February October 26. Grasses, Ornamental. August 16. Azaleas. June 22. 28; Part II. April 28. Hidcote Manor. August 23. Roses: Mini-Flora®. December Hamai, Hajek, Sheehan & Altieri. SUBJECT/TITLE How to: Build a Capill ary Mat 31; A Man Who Loves Roses. Biological Control of Insect Achillea. August 20. Watering System, Capill ary June 28. Pests, Part I. February 28; Part Adopt-A-Plot Gardens. August 4. Mat Watering. October 40; Selected Table Grapes. June 2l. II. April 28. Aplectrum hyemale, In Search of Press Flowers, Pressed Flower Sidewalk Weeds. August 32. Harper, Pamela. A Connoisseur's the Puttyroot Orchid. February Designs. August 29. Solanaceae Family, The, Part I. Garden. April 23; A Man Who 2l. In Search of the Puttyroot February 7; Part II. April 8. Loves Roses. June 28; Assessing Lawn Problesm. August Orchid. February 21. Solidago, Goldenrod. August 14. Magnolia Gardens-Year 40. Insect Pests, Biological Control, Strange Relatives: The Loostrife Round Beauty. February 22. Azaleas, Exbury and Its Azaleas. Biological Control of Insect Family. August 8; The Myrtle Hawkins, Jeanne G. Capsicums. June 22. Pests, Part I. February 28; Part Family. June 4; The Olive February 5. Baja. October 22. II. April 28. Family. December 10; The Hensel, Margaret. The Design Bamboo Alternative, The October Iris, June 14. Solanaceae Family, Part I. Page. December 4. Goldenrod. 4. Japan: An American Perspective. February 7; Part II. April 8. August 14; A New Hampshire Barnsley House. December 27. December 20. Ten Plants I Have to Grow. Woods in the City. June 38. Bergenia. October 20. Japan: An Important Plant December 6. Hillstrom, Judith. Lilacs. April 26. Biological Control of Insect Pests. Heritage. December 16. Thai Monastery Gardens. June 12. Ingwersen, Will. Ten Plants I Part I. February 28; Part II. Lawns, Assessing Problems. Topworking Fruit Trees. Have to Grow. December 6. April 28. August 40. February 12. Jacobs, Don L. Japan: An American Capillary-Mat Watering. October Lilacs. April 26. U. S. Botanic Garden, The. Perspective. December 20. 40. Loostrife Family, The. August 8. AprilS. Janick, Dr. Jules, Sawyers, Claire. Capsicums. February 5. Lythraceae, The Loostrife Family. Weeds, Sidewalk. August 32. Sidewalk Weeds. August 32. Chatsworth Garden. October 16. August 8. Woody Ornamentals, Proper Khatamian, Houchang. Proper Connoisseur's Garden, A. April 23. Magnolia Gardens-Year Round Planting or Ornamentals. Planting of Ornamentals. Cyclamen, The Florists'. Beauty. February 22. October 10. October 10. December 25. Man Who Loves Roses,A. June 28. Yarrow, Achillea. August 20. American Horticulturist 45 MakeYour Wmdows·Work for You ut your plants in Nutriponics® planters and ferent kinds of plants growing in our research your windows will work for you You can laboratories. Write us for more information or use P grow African Violets, Geraniums, even the coupon below. Tomatoes or Lettuce and all kinds of plants in our planters. The lower half of the Nutriponics® planter shown WINDOWSILL GARDENS above is transparent so you can see the water level Dept AHD Grafton, NH 03240 · The toots grow down into the liquid and pull up water and nutrients as needed You need add water D Send Information only every two to four weeks for slow-growing D Send$9.95kit D Send$19.80kit plants like African Violets. Includes planter shown above. Nutriponics® is a suitable hobby for both adults and children All you need is a window, with or N a m p~ ______without sun Nutriponic® kits make excellent Christ StreetL______mas gifts. You will be thrilled at how easy it is to grow your City______Statt:...p ______Zip'--- _ _ favorite plants using this new technique. We do not Include $2.00 for shipping grow plants for sale, but we have hundreds of dif------