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DVB – Digital Video Broadcasting Sicurezza Su Reti II

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DVB – Digital Video Broadcasting Sicurezza Su Reti II DVB – Digital Video Broadcasting Sicurezza su Reti II Umberto Palo matr. 0521000836 Prof. Alfredo De Santis - 1 - Sommario CAPITOLO 1: Lo standard DVB per la televisione digitale terrestre.................................................. - 5 - 1.1 Introduzione ................................................................................................................... - 5 - 1.2 I vantaggi dello standard digitale .................................................................................... - 6 - 1.3 Analisi relativa all’introduzione e allo sviluppo della televisione digitale terrestre in Italia .- 8 - 1.3.1 Servizi e applicazioni ............................................................................................... - 8 - 1.4 Il ricevitore-decodificatore integrato e i sistemi riceventi di utente ................................. - 9 - 1.4.1 Il ricevitore-decodificatore integrato ....................................................................... - 9 - 1.4.2 Il decoder unico ...................................................................................................... - 9 - 1.4.3 I sistemi simulcrypt e multicrypt ............................................................................- 10 - 1.5 Standard ........................................................................................................................- 10 - 1.5.1 Standard trasmissivi ...............................................................................................- 10 - 1.5.2 Standard interattivi ................................................................................................- 12 - 1.5.3 Codifiche video ......................................................................................................- 12 - CAPITOLO 2 ..................................................................................................................................- 13 - 2.1 Introduzione ..................................................................................................................- 13 - 2.2 Tecniche di Compressione .............................................................................................- 13 - 2.2.1 L’algoritmo MPEG ..................................................................................................- 13 - 2.2.3 DVB – frame video .................................................................................................- 18 - CAPITOLO 3 ..................................................................................................................................- 20 - 3.1 Introduzione ..................................................................................................................- 20 - 3.2 Gli standard DVB ...........................................................................................................- 20 - 3.3 Schema di funzionamento generico DVB........................................................................- 22 - 3.3.1 Scrambling .............................................................................................................- 23 - 3.3.2 Descrambling .........................................................................................................- 26 - 3.4 Prestazioni e capacità trasmissiva ..................................................................................- 29 - 3.5 Le reti di diffusione in isofrequenza (SFN) ......................................................................- 30 - 3.6 Il sistema DVB-S (diffusione dei segnali numerici TV da satellitare ) ...............................- 32 - 3.7 Il sistema DVB-IP (diffusione di dati via satellite) ............................................................- 33 - 3.8 Il sistema DVB-MHP, adottato per la televisione digitale interattiva ...............................- 37 - 3.8.1 La piattaforma MHP ...............................................................................................- 37 - CAPITOLO 4: Sicurezza nel sistema DVB .......................................................................................- 39 - 4.1 Introduzione ..................................................................................................................- 39 - 4.2 Il sistema per l’accesso condizionato .............................................................................- 39 - - 2 - 4.3 Struttura CSA .................................................................................................................- 40 - 4.3.1 Dettagli algoritmo CSA ...........................................................................................- 42 - 4.4 Distribuzione delle chiavi – Gerarchia delle chiavi in un sistema CAS ..............................- 44 - 4.4.1 Gerarchia a due livelli.............................................................................................- 46 - 4.4.2 Gerarchia a tre livelli ..............................................................................................- 46 - 4.4.3 Gerarchia a quattro livelli .......................................................................................- 47 - 4.5 Tecniche di Scrambling ..................................................................................................- 49 - 4.5.1 Cut and Rotate .......................................................................................................- 50 - 4.5.2 Line Shuffle ............................................................................................................- 50 - Capitolo 5: Panoramica Codifiche DVB ......................................................................................- 52 - 5.1 Il sistema Irdeto .............................................................................................................- 52 - 5.1.1 la Smart card Irdeto ...................................................................................................- 52 - 5.1.2 Funzionamento in dettaglio di una smart card Irdeto .............................................- 52 - 5.2 Il sistema Seca ...............................................................................................................- 54 - 5.2.1 Breve storia ...........................................................................................................- 54 - 5.2.2 Gerarchia delle chiavi e comunicazione della smartcard .........................................- 55 - 5.3 Il sistema VideoGuard (NDS) in breve ............................................................................- 57 - CAPITOLO 6: .................................................................................................................................- 59 - 6.1. Introduzione ..................................................................................................................- 59 - 6.2. La pirateria della televisione a pagamento .....................................................................- 59 - 6.3. Breve storia della pirateria .............................................................................................- 61 - 6.4 Le tecniche per la visione abusiva ..................................................................................- 62 - 6.5 La Tecnica del Card-Sharing ...........................................................................................- 64 - 6.5.1 Come funziona .......................................................................................................- 65 - 6.5.2 Il Dreambox ...........................................................................................................- 65 - 6.6 Le Smart-card utilizzate nella pirateria ...........................................................................- 67 - 6.6.1 Programmare le Smart-card..........................................................................................- 72 - 6.7 I motivi del successo della pirateria ...............................................................................- 75 - 6.8 Proposte per combattere la pirateria. ............................................................................- 77 - 6.8.1 I successi contro la pirateria ...................................................................................- 78 - CAPITOLO 7: Il digitale terrestre in Italia........................................................................................- 81 - 7.1 Panorama legislativo attuale..........................................................................................- 81 - 7.2 Transizione da analogico a digitale .................................................................................- 81 - GLOSSARIO ...................................................................................................................................- 83 - Bibliografia ...................................................................................................................................- 88 - - 3 - - 4 - CAPITOLO 1: Lo standard DVB per la televisione digitale terrestre 1.1 Introduzione In questo primo capitolo, parleremo dei vantaggi dello standard digitale rispetto alla trasmissione analogica, vedremo un analisi relativa all’introduzione e allo sviluppo della televisione digitale terrestre in Italia guardando i servizi e le applicazioni offerte con il DVB. Verranno descritti in modo generico il ricevitore – decodificatore integrato e i sistemi riceventi di utente, si parle del decoder integrato, del decoder unico dei sistemi simulcript e multycript e saranno introdotto termini che saranno specializzati e approfonditi nel capitolo
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