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Classification of Gallbladder Polyps [10,11] http://www.e-yujm.org eISSN 2384-0293 Vol. 38, No. 1 January 2021 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Yeungnam Vol. 38, No. 1 January 2021 Vol. pages 1-82 Yeungnam University College of Medicine Yeungnam University Institute of Medical Science e-yujm.org eISSN 2384-0293 Vol. 38 · No. 1 · January 2021 Aims and scope Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine (Yeungnam Univ J Med, YUJM, eISSN 2384-0293, https://www.e-yujm.org), the official publication of the Yeungnam University College of Medicine, is an international, peer-reviewed, and open access journal in the medical field. YUJM aims to communicate new medical information to medical personnel, and to facilitate the development of medicine and the propagation of medical knowledge by publishing high quality evidence-based articles. It covers all fields of medical science, including clinical research and basic medical science. YUJM publishes editorials, review articles, original articles, case reports, and communications. All manuscripts should be creative, informative, and helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of medical diseases and for the communication of valuable information about all fields of medicine. The first volume was published in December 1984. YUJM is published in English, four times a year (January 31, April 30, July 31, and October 31). YUJM is indexed/tracked/covered by PubMed Central, PubMed, CAS, DOAJ, KoreaMed, Korea Citation Index, KoMCI, WPRIM, DOI/CrossRef, and Google Scholar. Open access This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Publisher Yeungnam University College of Medicine Editor-in-chief Joon Hyuk Choi, Yeungnam University College of Medicine Editorial office Yeungnam University College of Medicine 170 Hyeonchung-ro, Nam-gu, Daegu 42415, Korea Tel: +82-53-640-6832 Fax: +82-53-651-0394 E-mail: [email protected] Printing office M2community Co. 8th FL, DreamTower, 66 Seongsui-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04784, Korea Tel: +82-2-2190-7300 Fax: +82-2-2190-7333 E-mail: [email protected] Published on January 31, 2021 Copyright © 2021 Yeungnam University College of Medicine This paper meets the requirements of KS X ISO 9706, ISO 9706-1994 and ANSI/NISO Z39. 48-1992 (Permanence of paper) Editorial board Editor-in-chief Joon Hyuk Choi Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Associate editor Tae Gon Kim Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Editorial board Kiwon Ban City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Min Cheol Chang Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Du-Hyong Cho Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Kyu Hyang Cho Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Kwang Hae Choi Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Jinmyoung Dan CHA University College of Medicine, Korea Kyung-Oh Doh Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Jong Ryul Eun Hanyang University College of Medicine, Korea Mi Jin Gu Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Geu-Ru Hong Yonsei University College of Medicine, Korea Ming-Yen Hsiao National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan Insoo Kang Yale University School of Medicine, USA Noriyuki Kanzaki Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan Jae Woon Kim Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Ung Kim Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Shaw Hua Anthony Kueh Auckland City Hospital, New Zealand Dong Shik Lee Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Jae-Lyun Lee Ulsan University College of Medicine, Korea Keun Mi Lee Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Yong Su Lim Gachon University College of Medicine, Korea Chul Hyun Park Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Hosun Park Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Jeong Hyun Park Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Korea So-Young Park Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Joon Sakong Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea In Hwan Song Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Hoon-Ki Sung University of Toronto, Canada Kyu Chang Won Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Wan-Hee Yoo Chonbuk National University College of Medicine, Korea Statistical editors Sang Won Kim Yeungnam University, Korea Keun Jung Ryu Yonsei Kim & Jung Hospital, Korea Managing editor Eun-il Lee Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Korea Manuscript editors Hye-Min Cho InfoLumi, Korea Yoon Joo Seo InfoLumi, Korea eISSN 2384-0293 Contents Vol. 38 · No. 1 · January 2021 Review articles 1 Gallbladder polyps: evolving approach to the diagnosis and management Kook Hyun Kim 10 Classification of endometriosis Soo-Young Lee, Yu-Jin Koo, Dae-Hyung Lee 19 Updates on the treatment of adhesive capsulitis with hydraulic distension Jang Hyuk Cho 27 Pathophysiology and protective approaches of gut injury in critical illness Chang Yeon Jung, Jung Min Bae Original articles 34 Association between gestational age at delivery and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio in the routine second trimester complete blood cell count Hyun-Hwa Cha, Jong Mi Kim, Hyun Mi Kim, Mi Ju Kim, Gun Oh Chong, Won Joon Seong 39 Pelvic floor muscle exercise with biofeedback helps regain urinary continence after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy Yeong Uk Kim, Dong Gyu Lee, Young Hwii Ko 47 Evaluation of craniofacial morphology in short-statured children: growth hormone deficiency versus idiopathic short stature Ki Bong Kim, Eun-Kyong Kim, Kyung Mi Jang, Min Seon Kim, Eun Young Park 53 Effect of in vitro testicular spermatozoa culture on pregnancy outcomes: an experience at a single university hospital Jisun Lee, Jung Hyeon Yoo, Jae Hun Lee, Hyun Soo Ahn, Kyung Joo Hwang, Miran Kim Case reports 60 Cushing syndrome in pregnancy, diagnosed after delivery Han Byul Kim, Mi Kyung Kim, El Kim, Keun Soo Ahn, Hye Soon Kim, Nam Kyung Kim 65 Development of donepezil-induced hypokalemia following treatment of cognitive impairment Dongryul Kim, Hye Eun Yoon, Hoon Suk Park, Seok Joon Shin, Bum Soon Choi, Byung Soo Kim, Tae Hyun Ban Copyright © 2021 Yeungnam University College of Medicine eISSN 2384-0293 Contents Vol. 38 · No. 1 · January 2021 70 Co-existence of relapsing polychondritis and Crohn disease treated successfully with infliximab Hye-In Jung, Hyun Jung Kim, Ji-Min Kim, Ju Yup Lee, Kyung Sik Park, Kwang Bum Cho, Yoo Jin Lee 74 Transpedal lymphatic embolization for lymphorrhea at the graft harvest site after coronary artery bypass grafting Jung Guen Cha, Sang Yub Lee, Jihoon Hong, Hun Kyu Ryeom, Gab Chul Kim, Young Woo Do 78 Pancreatic metastasis from malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast Seung Eun Lee, Young Kyung Bae, Joon Hyuk Choi Copyright © 2021 Yeungnam University College of Medicine Review article eISSN 2384-0293 Yeungnam Univ J Med 2021;38(1):1-9 https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00213 Gallbladder polyps: evolving approach to the diagnosis and management Kook Hyun Kim Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea Received: March 28, 2020 Revised: April 26, 2020 Gallbladder (GB) polyp is a mucosal projection into the GB lumen. With increasing health aware- Accepted: April 29, 2020 ness, GB polyps are frequently found using ultrasonography during health screening. The preva- lence of GB polyps ranges between 1.3% and 9.5%. Most patients are asymptomatic and have Corresponding author: benign characteristics. Of the nonneoplastic polyps, cholesterol polyps are most common, ac- Kook Hyun Kim counting for 60%–70% of lesions. However, a few polyps have malignant potential. Currently, Division of Gastroenterology and the guidelines recommend laparoscopic cholecystectomy for polyps larger than 1 cm in diameter Hepatology, Department of Internal due to their malignant potential. The treatment algorithm can be influenced by the size, shape, Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, 170 and numbers of polyps, old age (>50 years), the presence of primary sclerosing cholangitis, and Hyeonchung-ro, Nam-gu, Daegu gallstones. This review summarizes the commonly recognized concepts on GB polyps from diag- 42415, Korea nosis to an algorithm of treatment. Tel: +82-53-620-3576 Fax: +82-53-654-8386 Keywords: Cholecystectomy; Diagnostic imaging; Gallbladder diseases; Gallbladder neoplasms; E-mail: [email protected] Polyps Introduction Imaging modalities for the diagnosis of gallbladder polyps Gallbladder (GB) polyps are defined as mucosal projection of the GB wall into the lumen [1]. Recently, with the easy availability of ul- GB polyps are generally detected using US, followed infrequently trasonography (US) and the increasing awareness of physical check- by abdominal computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance up, the detection of GB polypoid lesion is steadily on the rise [2]. imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET) [9]. Most GB polyps are incidentally found and asymptomatic. Although US is noninvasive, safe, easily accessible, and less costly; therefore, benign lesions are overwhelming, some can be transformed into ma- it is the primary choice in the diagnosis of GB polyps. The sono- lignant. Polyps more than 1 cm in size and adenomatous polyps are graphic features of GB polyps are hyperechoic lesions protruding of clinical importance due to the risk of cancerous change. The prev- into the GB lumen, absence of post-acoustic shadow, and lack of alence of GB polyps ranges from 1.3% to 9.5%, with geographical positional change of lesions (Fig. 1). Under the supine with/or differences [3-6]. A Korean data demonstrated that the prevalence of decubitus position, the lesion should be scanned for better visual- GB polyps in Korea ranges from 2.2% to 9.9%, which is similar to ization of polyps. Sometimes, the body habitus can affect the im- other studies [7,8]. The guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of age quality. It is crucial to identify the size, number, and shape of GB polyps have remained unchanged for a while. In this review, the polyps, GB wall thickening, and presence of gallstones.
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