Bollettino dell’Associazione Romana di Entomologia, 64 (1-4) (2009): 293-299.

Peter J. Chandler (*)

FUNGUS GNATS FROM THE NATURE RESERVE “AGORAIE DI SOPRA E MOGGETTO” (LIGURIA, GENOA) (Diptera: Diadocidiidae, Keroplatidae, )

Introduction

Fungus gnats are a large group of nematocerous Diptera, comprising sever- al families belonging to the superfamily but excluding the Sciaridae. Five families (Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) are represented in the European and Italian fauna, three of which were included in the material from the Nature Reserve dealt with here. Most members of this group are found in forested areas. They develop prin- cipally in the sporophores of the larger fungi or in decayed wood affected by fungal growth (cf. Yakovlev, 1994). The Italian fauna of fungus gnats includes 458 species, but knowledge of the Italian fauna of these families is still at an early stage and a total fauna in excess of 600 species can be expected (cf. Chandler, 2008).

Study area

The State Nature Biogenetic Reserve “Agoraie di Sopra e Moggetto” was investigated: it is in the northern Apennines (Liguria Region, Province of Ge­ nova, Commune of Rezzoaglio) and includes, chiefly, forests of beech (Fagus sylvatica) and lacustrine habitats (lakes and peat bogs). Further information on this Reserve is provided by Bonani & Olivari (2002) and Spada et al. (2009).

Materials and methods

1125 specimens of fungus gnats from this Reserve were examined. These were from three locations within the Reserve (tab. 1) and obtained by various

(*) 606B Berryfield Lane, Melksham, Wilts SN12 6EL, England. E-mail: [email protected]

293 collecting methods in the period from 30 July to 20 August 2008 by the staff of the Centro Nazionale per lo Studio e la Conservazione della Biodiversità Fo­ restale “Bosco Fontana” di Verona (cf. Spada et al., 2009). The species are listed according to the nomenclature and systematic ar- rangement of Chandler (2005). The attribution of chorotypes follows Vigna Taglianti et al. (1999) on the basis of zoogeographical categories provided by Chandler et al. (2006) and of the distributions provided by Chandler (2005, 2008, in prep.). Numbers of specimens from the reserve are listed with two figures sepa- rated by a slash, the first being the number of males, the second the number of females; for example, “4\1” should be read as follows: “4 ?? and 1 !”. The females of the fungorum (De Geer) group (cf. Chandler, 1993) are concluded to be M. perpallida Chandler, 1993 to which all males of the group belonged. The material is preserved in a 70% ethanol solution and, unless otherwise specified, is kept in the collection of the Centro Nazionale per lo Studio e la Conservazione della Biodiversità Forestale “Bosco Fontana” of Verona (Italy).

Abbreviations

Collecting sites, date and collectors. Site 1 = Lago Agoraie di Fondo, tor- biera [= peat bog], 1326 m, UTM32 T 0533264 4926607, 30.VII-20.VIII.2008, M. Bardiani, L. Cornacchia, P. Dallatana, S. Hardersen & G. Nardi leg.; Site 2 = faggeta mista [= mixed beechwood], 1350m, UTM32 T 0533005 4926324, 30.VII-20.VIII.2008, M. Bardiani, L. Cornacchia, P. Dallatana, S. Hardersen & G. Nardi leg.; Site 3 = faggeta mista [= mixed beechwood], 1350-1330 m, UTM32 T 0533197 4926353, 30.VII.2008, L. Spada, M. Bardiani, L. Cornac­ chia, P. Dallatana & G. Nardi leg. Chorotype. EUR = European; OLA = Holarctic; ORI = Oriental; PAL = Palaearctic; WPA = Western Palaearctic. Others. mt = Malaise trap; n = entomological net; pt = pitfall traps; sn = sweeping net; * = species not recorded from Italy according to Chandler (2005).

Results and discussion

Altogether at least 56 species were identified (in three cases, sp., Allodia sp. and Rymosia sp. only to genus as males of these genera were not found). All species identified were common or widespread in Europe (cf. Chandler, 2005) but collecting was carried out in a period between the early summer and autumn peak flight periods for this group, so cannot be regarded

294 Tab. 1 – Fungus gnats collected in the Nature Reserve “Agoraie di Sopra e Moggetto”.

Species Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Chorotype Diadocidiidae 1 Diadocidia (Diadocidia) spinosula - mt (10\0) - PAL Tollet, 1948 2 Diadocidia (Diadocidia) sp. mt (0\3) mt (0\5) - - (probably also D. spinosula) Keroplatidae Keroplatinae 3 Neoplatyura nigricauda (Strobl, 1893) mt (1\0) - - WPA 4 Orfelia sp. - mt (0\1) - - Keroplatidae Macrocerinae 5 Macrocera fasciata Meigen, 1804 - mt (1\0) - PAL Mycetophilidae 6 Apolephthisa subincana (Curtis, 1837) - mt (2\4) - WPA 7 Ectrepesthoneura colyeri Chandler, 1980 mt (0\1) mt (0\1) - EUR 8 Ectrepesthoneura hirta (Winnertz, 1846) mt (0\1) mt (2\2) - EUR 9 Tetragoneura sylvatica (Curtis, 1837) mt (1\0) mt (0\2) - PAL Mycetophilidae Leiinae 10 Docosia gilvipes mt (0\1) - - PAL (Haliday in Walker, 1856) 11 Leia winthemii Lehmann, 1822 * - mt (0\1) - OLA+ORI Mycetophilidae 12 Allodia (Brachycampta) sp. mt (0\1) - - - 13 Brevicornu griseicolle (Staeger, 1840) mt (2\0) mt (2\0) - OLA 14 Brevicornu nigrofuscum mt (1\0) - - EUR (Lundström, 1909) 15 Brevicornu sericoma (Meigen, 1830) mt (2\0) mt (2\0) - OLA 16 Brevicornu sp. mt (0\9) mt (0\4) - - 17 Cordyla crassicornis Meigen, 1818 mt (215\0) mt (94\0) - PAL 18 Cordyla fissa Edwards, 1925 mt (2\0) mt (9\0) - PAL 19 Cordyla flaviceps (Staeger, 1840) * - mt (1\0) - PAL 20 Cordyla fusca Meigen, 1804 mt (8\1) mt (10\0) - PAL 21 Cordyla insons ��La�š��������������������tovka ��������������& Matile, 1974 mt (9\1?) - - PAL 22 Cordyla murina Winnertz, 1863 - mt (6\2?) - PAL 23 Cordyla sp.��������������������������� ��������������������������(mostly probably belonging mt (0\129) mt (37\0); - - to C. crassicornis) pt (0\1) 24 Exechia fusca (Meigen, 1804) mt (1\0) mt (2\0) - OLA 35 Exechia repanda Johannsen, 1912 mt (1\1) - - OLA

continued

295 Species Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Chorotype 26 Rymosia sp. mt (0\1) mt (0\1) - - Mycetophilidae Mycetophilinae 27 Mycetophila alea Laffoon, 1965 mt (3\6) mt (18\3); - OLA wt (1\0) 28 Mycetophila britannica mt (1\2) mt (7\2) - WPA Laštovka ������������& Kidd, 1975 29 Mycetophila caudata Staeger, 1840 * mt (0\1) mt (0\6) - OLA 30 Mycetophila dziedzickii Chandler, 1977 * - mt (4\0) - WPA 31 Mycetophila edwardsi Lundström, 1913 mt (1\1) mt (1\0) - WPA 32 Mycetophila gibbula Edwards, 1925 mt (1\0) - - PAL 33 Mycetophila ichneumonea Say, 1823 mt (1\2) mt (3\2) - OLA 34 Meigen, 1830 sn (1\0); mt (2\1) - OLA mt (2\1) 35 Mycetophila occultans Lundström, 1913 * mt (1\1) - - PAL 36 Mycetophila ocellus Walker, 1848 mt (2\2) mt (6\5) - OLA 37 Mycetophila ornata Stephens, 1846 mt (0\1) - - PAL 38 Mycetophila perpallida Chandler, 1993 mt (19\13) mt (18\31) - WPA 39 Mycetophila pumila Winnertz, 1863 mt (0\1) - - PAL 40 Mycetophila strigatoides - mt (4\0) - PAL (Landrock, 1927) * 41 Mycetophila trinotata Staeger, 1840 mt (2\2) mt (1\0) - OLA 42 Mycetophila sp. mt (0\2) mt (0\2) - - 43 Phronia nigricornis (Zetterstedt, 1852) * - mt (1\0) - OLA 44 Phronia tenuis Winnertz, 1863 mt (1�������\0���) - - OLA 45 Phronia sp. mt (0\1) - - - 46 Platurocypta punctum (Stannius, 1831) mt (1\2) mt (7\2) - OLA 47 Platurocypta testata (Edwards, 1925) * - mt (10\3) - OLA 48 Sceptonia nigra (Meigen, 1804) mt (3\0) mt (1\0) - PAL 49 Sceptonia sp. (probably also S. nigra) mt (0\3) mt (0\1) - - 50 notata (Stannius, 1831) mt (1\0) mt (3\0) - PAL 51 Zygomyia sp. (probably Z. notata) mt (0\2) mt (0\2) - - 52 Zygomyia pictipennis (Staeger, 1840) mt (3\1) mt (10\6) - EUR 53 Zygomyia semifusca (Meigen, 1818) mt (7\1) mt (45\25) n (0\1) OLA 54 Zygomyia valeriae Chandler, 1991 mt (1\0) - - EUR Mycetophilidae Mycomyinae 55 Mycomya (Cymomya) circumdata - mt (1\1) - PAL (Staeger, 1840)

continued

296 Species Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Chorotype 56 Mycomya (Mycomya) cinerascens - wt (0\1); - OLA (Macquart, 1826) mt (0\1) 57 Mycomya (Mycomya) flavicollis mt (4\3) mt (12\6) - WPA (Zetterstedt, 1852) 58 Mycomya (Mycomya) marginata mt (0\1) - - PAL (Meigen, 1818) 59 Mycomya (Mycomya) parva - mt (1\0) - PAL (Dziedzicki, 1885) 60 Mycomya (Mycomya) tenuis mt (1\0) - - PAL (Walker, 1856) 61 Mycomya (Mycomya) sp. mt (0\2) mt (0\1); - - pt (0\1) 62 Mycomya (Mycomyopsis) trilineata mt (2\2) pt (0\2); - PAL (Zetterstedt, 1838) mt (6\2) Mycetophilidae 63 (Meigen, 1818) mt (103\10) mt (19\7) - PAL 64 Paratinia sciarina Mik, 1874 mt (4\0) - - EUR

as representative of the fauna of the Reserve. Further collecting at these peak periods should add considerably to the number of species recorded. Of the 8 species (marked *) not listed for the Italian mainland in Fauna Europaea (Chandler, 2005), 7 were recorded by Kurina (2008) from South Ty­ rol and 3 of these (Leia winthemii, Mycetophila strigatoides, Platurocypta te­ stata) also from Belluno province by Chandler (2008), while M. caudata is apparently a new record for Italy. It is a Holarctic species that is widely dis- tributed in Europe (Chandler, 2005). M. strigatoides in Italy was known from Sardinia and Sicily (Chandler, 2005, in prep.) and only recently was recorded from the Italian mainland (Chandler, 2008; Kurina, 2008). Some species are here recorded for the first time for the northern Apennines (cf. Zangheri, 1969; Chandler, 2003a, 2003b, 2003c).

acknowledgements. This paper was drafted in the context of the project “LIFE04 NAT/ IT/000190” co-financed (50%) by the European Commission, Bruxelles and by the “Ufficio Cen­ trale Biodiversità”, State Forest Corp, Rome. I thank: Marco Panella, Giulia Uricchio, Gianni Zanoni of the Ufficio Centrale Biodiversità for their collaboration in the publication of the vol- ume. I thank also Gianluca Nardi (Centro Nazionale per lo Studio e la Conservazione della Bio­ diversità Forestale “Bosco Fontana” of Verona) for making this material available for study.

297 RIASSUNTO

Diadocidiidae, Keroplatidae e Mycetophilidae della Riserva Naturale “Agoraie di Sopra e Moggetto” (Liguria, Genova) (Diptera).

Sono state condotte indagini preliminari sui Diadocidiidae, Keroplatidae e Mycethophilidae della Riserva Naturale Biogenetica Statale “Agoraie di Sopra e Moggetto” (Liguria, Genova). Complessivamente sono state identificate 56 specie; Mycetophila caudata Staeger, 1840 (My­ cethophilidae) è nuova per la fauna Italiana, mentre altre quattro specie della stessa famiglia - Cordyla flaviceps (Staeger, 1840), Mycetophila dziedzickii Chandler, 1977, M. occultans Lund­ ström, 1913, Phronia nigricornis (Zetterstedt, 1852) - erano note in Italia solo dell’Alto Adige.

SUMMARY

A preliminary faunistic survey on the Diadocidiidae, Keroplatidae and Mycethophilidae was carried out in a Nature Reserve of the northern Apennines: “Agoraie di Sopra e Moggetto” (Liguria region, Genoa province). In all 56 species were identified; Mycetophila caudata Staeger, 1840 (Mycetophilidae) is a new record for to Italy, while four other species of the same fam- ily - Cordyla flaviceps (Staeger, 1840), Mycetophila dziedzickii Chandler, 1977, M. occultans Lundström, 1913, Phronia nigricornis (Zetterstedt, 1852) - were known in Italy only from South Tyrol.

References

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